新概念英语第三册 Lesson 56 Our neighbour, the river 课堂笔记

Lesson 56 Our neighbour, the river 河流，我们的邻居 1、The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives. Without it we could not make a living. There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the houses, so we have to pump from the river for farm use. 形成我们农场东部边界的一条河流一直在我们生活中发挥着重要作用。要是没有这条河，我们就无法生存下去。泉水只能满足家庭生活用水，因此我们必须从河里抽水以用于农业生产。 · boundary (n.) 边界线 · play a part in 扮演…的角色，在…中起作用 · make a living 谋生 · pump (n.) 泵 (v.) 输送 eg. a bicycle pump 打气筒 a petrol pump 加油泵 a water pump 水泵 eg. 给轮胎打气 pump air into the tyre 心脏将血液输送到全身。 The heart pumps blood round/into the body. 2、We tell river all our secrets. We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it. 我们向那条河倾诉我们的秘密。我们本能地懂得，就像养蜂人和他的蜜蜂那样，要是我们不把生活中的重大的事件告诉那条河，就可能大祸临头。 · secret （n.） 秘密 —— secretary （n.） 秘书 · instinctively (adv.) 本能地 · instinct (n.) 本能，直觉 eg. 鸟出自本能学习飞翔。 Birds learn to fly by instinct. 我们有时凭直觉行动。 Sometimes we act on instinct. · misfortune (n.) 厄运 —— fortune (n.) 运气，财富 · overtake (v.) 追上，超越 eg. 在弯道超车是危险的。 It is dangerous to overtake the car on a bend. 中国的经济已经超过了它的竞争者。 The China’s economy has already overtaken that of its competitors. · be overtaken by 不好的事情降临 eg. 在他回去的路上，他遇上了风暴。 On his way home, he was overtaken by the storm. · relate (v.) 叙述 = tell 3、We have special river birthday parties in the summer. Sometimes we go upstream to a favourite backwater, sometimes we have our party at the boathouse, which a predecessor of ours at the farm built in the meadow hard by the deepest pool for swimming and diving. 夏天，我们为这条河举办特殊的生日宴会。有时，我们溯流而上来到我们喜爱的回水河汊举办；有时在船坞举办。那船坞是农场一位前辈在一块草地上盖的，草地紧挨着一个专供游泳、跳水的深水池。 · predecessor (n.) 前任，前辈 successor (n.) 后辈 （前缀pre- ：表示“前的，预先的”） eg. prepay 预付， preview 预习， prepare 准备， predict 预测， precious珍贵的， prevent 预防 4、In a heat wave we choose a midnight birthday party and that is the most exciting of all. We welcome the seasons by the riverside, crowning the youngest girl with flowers in the spring, holding a summer festival on Midsummer Eve, giving thanks for the harvest in the autumn, and throwing a holy wreath into the current in the winter. 气炎热时，我们便选择在半夜举办生日聚会，这种聚会是最令人激动的。我们在河边迎接一年四季。春天在河边为最年轻的姑娘戴上花冠，夏天在河边欢庆“仲夏前夜”，秋天在河边丰收而感恩，冬天往河中抛撒一个冬表花环。 · a heat wave 酷热期（固定搭配） a cold spell 寒潮期（固定搭配） · spell (v.)拼写，招致 (n.) 一段时期 · crown (n.) 王冠，花冠 (v.)为…加冕 · holy wreath 神圣的花环 5、After a long period of rain the river may overflow its banks. This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom go to extremes. We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are effected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners. 久雨之后，河水会泛滥成灾，但是在我们这里，气候很少发生异常，河水极少泛滥。值得庆幸的是，只有低洼的受到洪水影响，而低洼地在我们农场比例很小。其他农场地势欠佳，洪水有时会给农场主带来灾难。 · overflow (n./v.) 泛滥，溢出 · occurrence (n.) 发生 —— occur (v.) 发生 · a rare occurrence 罕见的事 a common occurrence 司空见惯的事 · go to extremes 走极端 · in that 因为（用于议论文中） = because of · proportion (n.) 部分，比例 eg. 你们学生中素食者的比例是多少？ What proportion of your students are vegetarians? · a small proportion of 很小比例 · a high/large proportion of 很大比例 · favorably （adv.） 有利地 · site (n.) 地点，址 (v.) 选址 eg. 这是事发地点。This is the site of the accident. 他们学校建在宫殿旧址。 Their school was built on the site of the Palace. a building site 工地， website 网址 eg. 他们学校被选址在一条河边。 Their school was sited by a river. 6、One bad winter we watched the river creep up the lower meadows. All the cattle had been moved into stalls and we stood to lose little. We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbors, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the district. 有一年冬天，天气不好，我们眼看着河水浸没了地势较低的草场。所有的牲口已提前转移到畜圈里，没有造成什么损失。不过，我们很为我们的近邻担心。他们的农场地势低洼，而且他们又新来乍到。 · 感官动词的表达： watch the river creep up (watch sb. do sth.) · stand to do sth. 很可能做某事 eg. 如果这项新法律通过的话，我们就会失去免税优惠。 If this new law is passed, we will stand to lose tax advantage. 不断增长的人口很可能会减慢社会发展的速度。 The increasing/growing population will stand to slow the rate of the development of society. 7、As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could not find out how they were managing. From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point. 由于洪水造成了电话中断，我们无法了解他们情况。从顶楼窗口看去，我们农场与他们农场接壤处的那段河流一览无余。在最紧急的时刻，我们轮流监视那段河流的险情。 · out of order 发生故障 反：in order 井然有序 · attic (n.) 阁楼，顶楼 · get a view of sth. = see sth. 看到 · get a good/sweeping view of 一览无遗 · a sweeping view 全景 · a sweeping victory 全胜 · critical (adj.) 危急的 · juncture (n.) （1）连接，结合处 （2）关头，时期 · at the most critical juncture 在最危急关头，在最紧要关头 eg. 在这个关头，很难预测公司的前景。 At this juncture, it is difficult to predict the company’s future. · take turn 轮流 8、The first sign of disaster was a dead sheep floating down. Next came a horse, swimming bravely, but we were afraid that the strength of the current would prevent its landing anywhere before it became exhausted. Suddenly a raft appeared, looking rather like Noah's ark, carrying the whole family, a few hens, the dogs, cat, and bird in a cage. 灾难的第一迹象是一只死羊顺流而下，接着一匹活马勇敢地与水搏击。但我们担心，洪水力量将使它上岸之前就筋疲力尽了。突然，出现了一只筏子，看起来很像诺亚方舟，上面载着他们全家老小，还有几只母鸡、几只狗，一只猫与一只鸟笼，那里头有一只小鸟。 · Noah's ark 诺亚方舟 9、We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged. 我们意识到他们一定是被不断上涨的洪水吓坏了。因为他们的房子地基牢固，即使洪水几乎灭顶也不会倒塌。 · unduly (adv.) 过度地，过分地 eg. unduly pessimistic/optimistic 过分悲观/乐观 unduly suspicious 过分猜疑 eg. 她看上去没有过分关心考试。 She doesn’t seem unduly concerned about her exams. · sound (n.) 声音 (v.) 听起来 (adj.) 完好的，无损伤的 · stoutly (adv.) 牢固地 · submerge (v.) 把…淹没 （前缀sub-： 在下面） eg. subway 地铁， subtitle 小标题，副标题，字幕 这个小孩把他的所有玩具浸没在浴缸里。 The child submerged all his toys in the bath. · emerge (v.) 浮出 eg. 月亮从云层后浮出。 The moon emerged from behind the clouds. 10、The men of our family waded down through our flooded meadows with boathooks, in the hope of being able to grapple a corner of the raft and pull it out of the current towards our bank. We still think it a miracle that they were able to do so. 我家的男人们手拿船篙过被水淹没草场，希望能够钩住筏子一角，将它拽出激流，拖回岸边。他们终于成功了。至今我们仍认为这是个奇迹。 · wade (v.) 蹚水走，涉水走 · hook (n.) 钩子 (v.) 钩住 eg. a hooked nose 鹰钩鼻 · in the hope of 希望能 eg. 搜索队进入这个洞穴，希望能够找到埋藏的宝藏。 The search party entered this cave in the hope of finding the buried treasure. eg. 我们已经把比赛推迟到周一，希望天气会好转。 We have postponed the competition till next Monday in the hope that the weather will become better. · miracle (n.) 奇迹 miraculous (adj.) 奇迹般的 miraculously (adv.) 奇迹般地 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$