新概念英语第三册Lesson 47 Too high a price?课堂笔记讲义

Lesson 47 Too high a price? 代价太高? 1、Pollution is the price (we pay定语从句,省略了连词which) for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. (When you come to think about it时间状语从句), there are only four ways (you can deal with rubbish定语从句): dump it, burn it, turn it into something (you can use again定语从句), attempt to produce less of it. 污染就是我们为这个人口过密,过度工业化的星球所付出的代价。当我们开始考虑垃圾问题时,我们只有4种对付垃圾的方法:倾倒、焚烧、把垃圾变成再生材料或试图少产生一些垃圾。 overpopulated 人口过盛 eg. oversleep 睡过头 overeat 暴食 overwork 加班 overweight 超重 come to do sth. 开始着手做某事 way = method 方法 deal with 处理,去解决(未完成) solve 解决(已完成) rubbish (n.) [u] 垃圾 = garbage = litter = junk = waste = trash eg. a piece of rubbish 一件垃圾 dump the rubbish 倒垃圾 turn it into something you can use again = recyclable (adj.) 可循环利用的 attempt to do sth. = make an attempt to do sth. 企图做某事 2、We keep trying all four methods, but the sheer volume of rubbish (we produce worldwide定语从句) threatens to overwhelm us. 我们一直在试这4种方式,但是,我们在世界范围内仅产生的垃圾的量就有把我们覆盖的危险。 sheer (adj.) =pure 纯粹的,十足的 eg. sheer nonsense 纯粹的胡说八道,一派胡言 我们能遇见纯粹是个巧合。 It was a sheer coincidence that we met. a sheer waste of time 纯粹浪费时间 volume (n.) 音量,量(大) eg. Turn the volume up/down. 把音量调高/低。 sheer volume of work 十足的工作量 在过去3年里,马路上的交通量已经上升了5%。 The volume of traffic had risen by 5% in the past three years. overwhelm (v.) 淹没,(用作比喻) eg. 这个村庄去年被洪水淹没了。 The village was overwhelmed by the flood. 我被十足的工作量淹没了。 I am overwhelmed by the sheer volume of work. 3、Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce 非谓语动词作定语ever-increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution. Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork and chicken. 然而,垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。日益增长的对廉价食物的需求导致了另一种形式的污染。工业化的农作方式生产出廉价的肉类制品——牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉。 quantities 数量 (复数)—— quantity (单数) quality 质量 a small/large/vast/considerable quantity of + [c]/[u] 少量的,大量的 lead to = cause 导致 4、The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables. The price(we pay定语从句) for cheap food may be already too high: Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and Listeria in dairy products. 使用杀虫剂和化肥生产出廉价的谷物和蔬菜。为了廉价食物我们付出代价已经太高了:牛肉中的疯牛病,鸡肉和鸡蛋中的沙门氏菌,奶制品中的利斯特杆菌。 pesticide (n.) 杀虫剂 = pest + icide (eg. suicide 自杀) 害虫,令人讨厌的人或事物 杀 fertilizer (n.) 肥料 fertile (adj.)肥沃的,富饶的 eg. fertile land/soil 5、And (if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian,条件状语从句:真实条件句) you have the choice of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocent glass of water! 如果你想放弃肉类而变成一位素食者,那么你可以两者择一:或是选用价格昂贵、有机培植的蔬菜,或是当你认为在享用新鲜色拉和新鲜蔬菜或饮用一杯无害的水的时候,实际上每次都不断吃进杀虫剂。 vegetarian (n.) 素食主义者—— vegetable (n.) 蔬菜 organically-grown 有机种植的(复合形容词) organic(adj.) 有机的,不使用化肥的 eg. organic food 有机食品 organ (n.) 器官 innocent (adj.) 无辜的,清白的 反:guilty (adj.) 有罪的 6、However, there is an even more insidious kind of pollution (that particularly affects urban areas and invades our daily lives定语从句), and that is noise. 但是,还有一种更加隐蔽有害的污染,它专门影响城镇地区,侵袭我们的日常生活,那就是噪音。 insidious (adj.) 潜伏的 —— inside (prep.) 在里面 eg. insidious danger 潜伏的危险 insidious jealousy 潜伏的忌妒 invade (v.) 侵略 invader (n.) 侵略者 7、Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. 防盗警报器在白天和黑夜的任何时候都会响起来,它的作用只是骚扰过路行人,而实际上却帮助窃贼入室行窃。在街上,汽车的防盗警报不断对我们吼叫,这是人们极度烦燥的一个原因。 burglar (n.) 入室盗贼 burgle (v.) 入室盗窃 burglary (n.) 入室盗窃 go off 离开 eg. The gun went off. 枪走火了。 The fireworks go off. 烟花爆竹响了。 serve to do sth. 有助于做某事 = help to do sth. thief 小偷 robber 强盗 kidnapper 绑匪 smuggler 走私犯 shoplifter 店铺扒手 (pocket-lifter) mugger 拦路抢劫者 assist (v.) 协助,帮助 —— assistant (n.) 助理 assist sb. to do sth. = help sb. to do sth. assist sb. with sth. = help sb. with sth. profound (adj.) 深远的,极度的 eg. profound effect 极度影响 profound self-confidence 极度自信 profound ignorance 极度的无知 irritation (n.) —— irriate (v.) 惹恼 annoy (v.) 使某人不悦 eg. The mosquitoes annoyed/irritated me all the night. 蚊子整夜惹恼我。 8、A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?) (that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. 宾语从句) 最近一个有关噪音的作用的调查(令人吃惊地)指出,夜间连续不断的狗叫声,在一个从1级至7级刻度表上应列为最严重的噪间污染。 incessantly (adv.) 持续不断地,无休止地 = constantly = continually = endlessly = perpetually 9、The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike. Lawn mowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of all kinds, especially large container trucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. 这个调查揭示了我们所不喜欢的大量的噪间的来源:夏天呜呜作响的割草机,公寓楼里深夜聚会的喧哗声,大声吵闹的邻居,各式各样的车辆,特别是穿越寂静的村庄的集装箱卡车,从头顶飞过的飞机和直升机,被带到公共场所、音量开到最大的大功率收音机。 whine (v.)(长而高音的)呜咽、哀嚎 whine about = complain about 抱怨 thunder (n.) 雷(v.) 打雷,轰隆隆地响 10、New technology has also made its own contribution to noise. A lot of people object to mobile phones, especially (when they are used in public places like restaurants or on public transport时间状语从句). Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution survey revealed a rather surprising and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise. 新技术也为噪音作了它的贡献。许多人都反对移动式电话,特别是在如饭店,公共交通车等公共场所使用移动电话。用移动电话大声交谈干扰我们的思路,破坏我们和朋友在一起轻声聊天所得到的乐趣。这个有关噪音的污染调查还揭示了一种出人意外而同时可能会引人意外而同时可能会引人发笑的老式噪音源。 object to 反对 11、It turned out to be snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. 它竟然是鼾声。人类是这方面的罪魁祸首。 主语从句: It turned out that … 竟然是 = Sb. turned out to do eg. 他们竟然互相认识。 They turned out to know each other. = It turned out that they know each other. 你竟然是对的。 It turned out that you are right. = You turned out to be right. offender (n.) 冒犯者 —— offend (v.) 冒犯 eg. 我被他的评论冒犯了。 I was offendered by his remarks/words. 12、It was revealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in their sixties. Against these figures, it was found that only 5% of women snore regularly, (while the rest are constantly woken or kept awake by their trumpeting partners时间状语从句). Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory. 调查指出,20%的35岁左右的男人打鼾;而到60岁这个年龄段,这个数字上升到令人惊愕的60%。与这些数字相比,只有5% 的女性经常打鼾;而其余则经常被与她们同睡、像吹号似地打着呼噜的男人吵醒或弄得睡不着。不管噪声来自何方,有一点是肯定的:看来寂静已变成一种珍贵的回忆。 snore (v.) 打呼噜 staggering (adj.) 难以置信的 = amazing = astonishing = astounding = unbelievable = incredible silence (n.) 沉默—— silent (adj.) 沉默的 golden (adj.) 金黄色的,宝贵的 eg. Silence is golden. 沉默是金(宝贵的)。 Supplementary exercises: They new techonology has opened up a very wide of possibilities. A. range B. extent C.number D. collection 解析:正确答案 A 新技术提供了巨大的可能性。 A. 指范围很广; B. 表示具体的一片范围; eg. an extent of grass land She all her life to the welfare of women and children. A. presented B.recommended C.contributed D. dedicated 解析:正确答案 D 她将自己的一生都献给了妇女儿童事业。 B. 和D.都表示贡献,用于…to doing sth。但表示“献身于某一事 业和目标”时,要用devote, dedicate, 不用contribute。 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$