新概念英语第三册The power of the press课堂笔记讲义

Lesson 45 The power of the press 新闻报道的威力 1、In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned. However, this freedom can easily be abused. 在民主国家里，任何限制新闻自由的企图都理所当然地受到谴责。然而，这种自由很容易被滥用。 · democratic (adj.) 民主的 eg. democratic right 民主权利 democratic election 民主选举 Democractic Party 民主党 · democracy (n.) 民主 · restrict (v.) 限制，约束 ——strict (adj.) 严肃的，严格的 = limit · restrict sth. to sth. 把…限制到…中 eg. 将来我们会限制班级大小到20位学生。 We will restrict the class size to 20 students. · condemn (v.) 强烈谴责 eg. 热带雨林的破坏由于对环境的灾难被强调谴责。 Destruction of the rainforest is condemned as a diaster of the environment. · condemn sb. for doing sth. 因某事谴责某人 eg. 法官因完全失查案子而被强烈谴责。 The judge was condemned for failing to examine the case thoroughly. · abuse (v.) 滥用 = ab + use 使用 abnormal 不正常的 = ab + normal 正常的 2、Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events.（Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others让步状语从句）, it is extremely doubtful（whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves.主语从句） 常人轶事往往比政治事件更能引起公众注意。我们都喜欢看关于别人生活的报道，但是否同样喜欢看关于自己生活的报道，就很难说了。 · enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事 3、Acting on the contention （that facts are sacred同位语从句）, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives. 记者按事实至上的论点行事，发表有关别人生活的细节，有时会给当事人造成极大的痛苦。 · contention (n.) 竞赛，竞争，论点 eg. It is my contention that … 我的论点是 = It is my point of view… · contest (n.) 竞赛 eg. a speech contest · contend (v.) 竞争 eg. 几个队正在为这个奖而竞争。 Some teams are contending for the prize. · act on sth. 按照…行事，根据…行动 eg. 别冲动行事。 Don’t act on impulse. 你应该按照我的意见行事。 You should act on my suggestions. 根据收到的信息行事，警察们搜查了整个俱乐部。 Acting on the information received, the policemen searched the whole club. · untold（adj.） 难以估量的，数不清的 eg. untold suffering 无尽的痛苦 untold damage/loss 无法估量的损失 4、Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government. 新闻具有巨大的威力。它们不仅可以给寻常人家的生活带来重大的变化，甚至还能推翻一个政府。 · exert an influence on… 施加影响 · exert pressure on… 施加压力 · such…that… 如此…以致于 （结果状语从句） · not only… but… 不仅…也… · bring about 导致 = cause = lead to · overthrow (v.) 颠覆，推翻，打倒 5、The story of a poor family （that acquired fame and fortune overnight定语从句）, dramatically illustrates the power of the press. The family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 23,000 inhabitants in South Dakota.（As the parents had five children原因状语从句）, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty. 下面这户穷人一夜之间出名发财的故事戏剧性地说明了新闻报道威力。这户人家住在南达科他州一个人口为23，000 的小镇上，镇名为阿拜丁。家里已有5个孩子，全家人常年在贫困中挣扎。 · fame and fortune 名声和财富 （fame 名声—— famous 著名的） · illustrate (v.) 说明，诠释，阐明 = explain = show eg. 我用一个例子阐明我的观点。 I illustrated my point of view with an example. 这个悲惨的例子说明了烟花爆竹的危险。 The tragic case illustrated the danger of fireworks. · perpetual (adj.) 一再的，无休止的 6、They were expecting their sixth child and were faced with even more pressing economic problems.（If they had only had one more child条件状语从句：虚拟语气）, the fact would have passed unnoticed. 第6个孩子即将问世，他们面临着更为严峻的经济问题。如果他们只添了1个孩子，这件事本来就不会引起任何人的注意。 · be faced with 面对，面临 · press (v.) 按，压 (n.) 新闻界，报刊媒体 · press sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 = urge sb. to do sth. · pressing (adj.) 紧迫的，急迫的 = urgent · if 引导的条件状语从句： 主句： will do 从句： do would do did/were would have done had done 7、They would have continued to struggle against economic odds and would have lived in obscurity. But they suddenly became the parents of quintuplets, four girls and a boy, an event （which radically changed their lives）. The day after the birth of the five children, an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen bringing sixty reporters and photographers. 这家人会继续为克服经济上的拮据而奋斗，并默默无闻地活下去。但是他们出人意料生了个五胞胎，4女1男。这事使他们的生活发生了根本的变化。五胞胎降生第二天，一架飞机飞抵阿拜丁，随机带来60名记者与摄影师。 · odds (n.) 差异，悬殊 · obscurity (n.) 默默无闻 = not well-known eg. work/live in obscurity 默默无闻地工作/生活 · radically (adv.) 彻底地，根本地 radical (adj.) 彻底的，根本的 eg. radical reforms/change 彻底的改革/改变 8、The rise to fame was swift. Television cameras and newspapers carried the news to everyone in the country. Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs. 这一家迅速出了名。电视摄像机和报纸把消息传送到全国。报纸、杂志出高价向他们购买文字、图片的独家报道权。 · swift (adj.) 迅速的 = prompt = quick = rapid eg. swift growth 快速增长 swift current 急流 a swift horse 千里马 swift reply 迅速回复 · exclusive (adj.) 独家的，独占的，独有的 · exclude (v.) 排除 反：include (v.) 包括 eg. exclusive report 独家报道 exclusive interview 独家专访 exclusive privilege 独有的特权 9、Gifts poured in not only from unknown people, but room baby food and soap manufacturers（who wished to advertise their products定语从句）. The old farmhouse（the family lived in定语从句）was to be replaced by new $500,000 home. 不但素昧平生的人寄来了大量的礼物，而且婴儿食品、婴儿肥皂制造厂商为了替自己产品做广告也寄来了大量的礼物。这家人住的旧家舍将由一座价值50万美元的新住宅所取代。 · pour (v.) 倒出 eg. pour tea 倒茶 pour in 涌入 10、Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences.（While the five babies were still quietly sleeping in oxygen tents in hospital nursery时间状语从句）, their parents were paying the price for fame. It would never again be possible for them to lead normal lives. 由于记者纷纷要求会见，他们不得不请了律师充当他们家的发言人举行记者招待会。眼下，五胞胎还静静地躺在医院婴儿室的氧气帐里，他们的父母却为这名声付出了代价，他们再也无法过正常的生活。 · nursery (n.) 育婴室 · lead … life 过…的生活 11、They had become the victims of commercialization,（for their names had acquired a market value原因状语从句）. Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity. 他们成了商业化的受害者，因为他们的名字具有了市场价值。这些孩子立即成了商品，而不是5个新的家庭成员。 · commercialization (n.) 商业化，商品化 后缀：- ization …化 eg. industrialization 工业化 modernization 现代化 normalization 正常化 · commodity (n.) 商品 product (n.) 产品 Supplementary exercises: · We have been repeatedly for extra staff, but we seem no nearer to getting them. A. demanding B. requiring C.pressing D. requesting 解析：正确答案 C 我们一直迫切要求增加人手，可似乎这是办不到的。 A. demand做动词是及物动词， demand sth./to do sth./that；做名词时demand for, 表示要求，需求； B. requir需求，需要； C. press for 逼要，迫切要求； D. 请求，要求，恳求。 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$