新概念英语第三册 Lesson 40 Who's who课堂笔记讲义

Lesson 40 Who's who 真假难辨 1、It has never been explained（why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than else.主语从句） Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. 谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。大学生擅长一种特殊的恶作剧——戏弄人。 · practical (adj.) 实践的，实际的，实用的 eg. a practical English dictionary 一本实用的英语词典 practical way/method 实用的方法 practical joke 恶作剧 · practice (n.) 实践，练习 · special (adj.) 特殊的 specialize (vi.) 专门从事，专攻，专注于 · specialize in 专门从事 （pay special attention to sth. ） eg. 他专攻于东方历史。 He specializes in Oriental History. 这家店专卖巧克力。 This shop specializes in cholocates. 这家饭店专卖海鲜。 This restaurant specializes in sea food. · specialist (n.) 专家 · hoax (n.) 报假警，骗局 eg. 消防员到达现场发现只是个骗局。 The fireman arrived at the scene only to discover that it was a hoax. 2、Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception （which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.定语从句） Students often create amusing situations （which are funny to everyone except the victims.定语从句） 请消防队来扑灭一场根本没有的大火是一种低级骗局，有自尊心的大学生决不会去做。大学生们常常做的是制造一种可笑的局面，使大家笑上一场，当然受害者是笑不出来的。 · deception （n.） —— deceive (v.) 欺骗 eg. 他被发现因欺骗获利犯了罪。 He was found guilty of obtaining money by deception. · crude (adj.) (1) 未经加工的，天然的，未经提炼的 eg. crude oil 原油 crude salt 粗盐 (2) 粗陋的，粗糙的 eg. a crude wooden bridge 一座粗糙的木桥 a crude sketch 一幅素描草图 · indulge in 放纵，纵情享受 eg. 不要沉迷于电脑游戏。 Don’t indulge in the computer games. 他们太放纵孩子了。 They indulge their child too much. 我今天不减肥了，我要纵情享受美食。 I shall forget about dieting today, I am going to indulge in food. 3、（When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university,时间状语从句）he immediately telephoned the police and informed them （that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.宾语从句） 最近有个学生看见两个工人在学校门外用风钻干活，马上打电话报告警察，说有两个学生装扮成工人，正在用风钻破坏路面。 · pneumatic drill 充气钻 · 感官动词的表达： see/notice/watch sb. do/doing sth. · inform sb. of sth. = tell sb. sth. 告知某人某事 eg. He told me the news. = He informed me of the news. dress：被动的结构，表主动的意思 · be dressed in 穿着 be dressed up in 盛装打扮 be dressed up as 打扮成…角色 4、As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them （that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously.宾语从句/条件状语从句） He added （that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people.宾语从句） Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information. 挂上电话后，他又马上来到工人那儿，告诉他们若有个警察来让他们走开，不要把他当回事，还对工人说，有个学生常装扮成警察无聊地同别人开玩笑。警察与工人都对那个学生事先通报情况表示感谢。 · As soon as 一…就… (时间状语从句) · order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 · be + to do sth. 打算做某事，应该做某事，允许做某事 eg. 她打算下个月出国。 She is to go abroad next month. 他问应该把书放在哪里。 He asked where he was to lay the books. 没有警察的允许，任何人不能离开这座大楼。 No one was to leave this building without the permission of policemen. · take sth. seriously 认真对待，重视 eg. 许多学生重视数学。 A huge number of students take maths seriously. 澳大利亚人重视游泳。 Australian take swimming seriously. · all sorts of 各种各样的 = all kinds of = a rich variety of = various · play jokes on sb. 开…玩笑 · be grateful to sb. 对…感激 · advance (adj.) 预先的，事先的 · do sth. in advance 提前做某事 5、The student hid in an archway nearby （where he could watch and hear everything [that went on.定语从句）定语从句] Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen. He threatened to remove them by force. 那个学生躲在附近一拱形的门廊里，在那儿可以看见、听到现场发生的一切。果然，警察来了，不礼貌地请工人离开此地；但其中一个工人粗鲁地回了几句。于是警察威胁要强行使他们离开。 · hide hid hidden 躲藏，隐藏 · scene (1) （舞台上的）场景，幕 eg. The first scene of the play is the king’s palace. 这部戏的第一幕是国王的宫殿。 (2) （现实生活中的）场景 eg. the horrific scene after the earthquake (3) 事发地点 eg. the scene of the accident 事故发生地 the scene of the crime 犯罪现场 记者在几分钟内就到达了事发地。 The journalist arrived at the scene within several minutes. · ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 6、The workmen told him to do （as he pleased方式状语从句） and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. 工人说，悉听尊便。警察去打电话叫人。一会儿工夫，又来了4个警察，规劝工人离开。 · shortly afterwards 不久之后 = soon · remonstrate with sb. about sth. 向某人抗议某事 eg. 律师向法官抗议罚金的数量。 The lawyer remonstrated with the judge about the amount of the fine. 7、（As the men refused to stop working,原因状语从句）the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. 由于工人拒绝停下手中的活，警察想夺风钻。两个工人奋力抗争，其中一个发了火，威胁说要去叫警察。 · attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 = try to do sth. = make an attempt to do sth. · seize (v.) 紧紧抓出 eg. seize the chance = catch the chance 抓住机会 · fiercely (adv.) = very violently 凶残地、暴力地 fierce (adj.) eg. fierce criticism 猛烈的评论 fierce competition 激烈的竞争 fierce attack 凶猛的攻击 · lose one’s temper 发脾气 反：keep one’s temper 克制脾气 8、At this, the police pointed out ironically （that this would hardly be necessary [as the men were already under arrest.宾语从句）原因状语从句] Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked （if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.宾语从句） 警察听后讥讽地说，这大可不必，因为他俩已被逮捕了。其中一个工人装模作样地问道，在被带往警察局之前，是否可以打一个电话。 · ironically (adv.) 讽刺地 = sarcastically · be under arrest 被逮捕 be under control 被控制 be under repair 正在修理 be under study 正在研究 be under consideration 正在考虑 be under construction 正在重建 be under discusstion 正在讨论 9、Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax. 警察同意了，陪他来到一个投币地电话前，当他看到那个工人真的是给警察挂电话，才恍然大悟，原来他们都成一场骗局的受害者。 · grant (v.) （官方）授予，准予 = give · grant sth. to sb. = grant sb. sth. · Only置于句首，句子倒装 （起强调作用） Supplementary exercises: · Science has made great during the past 30 years. A. progresses B. increase C.advances D. development 解析：正确答案 C 科学在过去的30年中取得了巨大的进展。 A. 进步，进展（progress是不可数名词，不能加es） B. increase （数量、规模、程度上的）增长，增加 C. advance 进步，进展[c] D. development 发展，进展 固定搭配：取得进展 achieve/affect/attain/promote/undergo development 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$