新概念英语第三册Lesson 36 A chance in a million课堂笔记讲义

Lesson 36 A chance in a million 百万分之一的机遇 1、We are less credulous than we used to be. In the nineteenth century, a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of coincidences -- most of them wildly improbable. 我们不再像以往那样轻易相信别人了。在19世纪，小说家常在小说结尾处给读者准备一系列的巧合——大部分是牵强附会，极不可能的。 · used to do 过去常常做某事 · credulous (adj.) 容易轻信的，易受骗的 credit (n.) 信用（credit card 信用卡） · less + （adj.原级） （消级比较）比…不容易受骗 the least + (adj.原级) 最不容易受骗 · incredulous(adj.) 不容易轻信的（贬义） unbelievable(adj.) 难以置信的 （褒义） · a series of 一系列的 · coincidence (n.) 巧合 (co- 一起，incident 事件，incidence 发生率) eg. What a coincidence! 真巧啊！ By coincidence，… 巧合的是… By a strange coincidence, … 出奇的巧合… · present (n.) 礼物 (v.) 赠送 present sb. with sth. = present sth. to sb. gift (n.) 礼物 —— give(v.) 送 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 2、Readers happily accepted the fact （that an obscure maidservant was really the hero's mother.同位语从句） 当时的读者却愉快地接受这样一些事实，一个低贱的女佣实际上是主人公的母亲。 · obscure (adj.) (1) 不易看清的 eg. Because of the heavy fog, the view was obscure. (2) 不易理解的，难懂的 eg. obscure legal phrases 难懂的法律条文 (3) 不出名的，默默无闻的，名不见经传的 eg. an obscure poem 一首不出名的诗 · maidservant (v.) 女仆 · hero (n.) 英雄 —— heroine (n.) 女英雄 3、A long-lost brother,（who was presumed dead,定语从句） was really alive all the time and wickedly plotting to bring about the hero's downfall. 主人公一位长期失散的兄弟，大家都以为死了，实际上一直活着，并且正在策划暗算主人公。 · presume (v.) 自认为（主观） think (v.) 认为（中性） eg. I think so. = I presume so. · be presumed innocent 被认定、被假定 eg. 在英国法律中，一个人在被证明有罪之前，都是被认定为清白的。 In English law, a person was presumed innocent until he proved guilty. · plot (v./n.) 密谋做某事 · plot with sb. against sth. 伙同某人密谋做某事 · fall down 摔倒 downfall 倒台，声败名裂 4、And so on. Modern readers would find such naive solution totally unacceptable. Yet, in real life, circumstances do sometimes conspire to bring about coincidences （which anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find incredible.定语从句） 如此等等，现代读者会觉得这种天真的结局完全无法接受。不过，在现实生活中，有时确实会出现一些巧合，这些巧合除了19世纪小说家外谁也不会相信。 · conspire (v.) （事情）同时发生（贬）（do起强调作用） · conspire to do sth. eg. 下雨和堵车同时发生，导致我迟到了。 The rain and the traffic jam conspired to bring about my late arrival. · so on 等等 = etc. = so forth · naive (adj.) 天真的，幼稚的 eg. naive person/remark 幼稚的人/言论 · It is naive to presume that… eg. 认为所有的粉丝都很脑残是幼稚的想法。 It is naive to presume that all the fans are brain-impaired. 5、（When I was a boy,时间状语从句） my grandfather told me（how a German taxi driver, Franz Bussman, found a brother [who was thought to have been killed twenty years before.宾语从句）定语从句] 当我是个孩子的时候，我祖父给我讲了一位德国出租汽车司机弗朗兹。巴斯曼如何找到了据说已在20年前死去的兄弟的事。 重点语法： · It is said that she works 16 hours a day. 据说 It is expected that the meeting will end soon. 据期待 It is believed that the boy is wearing a coat. 据认为 It is reported that he kicked a policeman. 据报道 （thought, considered, known, understood…） 改：She is said to work 16 hours a day. The meeting is expected to end soon. The boy is believed to being wear a coat. He is reported to have kicked a policeman. 表之后：to do; 表同时：to be doing; 表之前：to have done 6、（While on a walking tour with his wife,时间状语从句） he stopped to talk to a workman. After they had gone on, Mrs. Bussman commented on the workman's close resemblance to her husband and even suggested (that he might be his brother.宾语从句) 一次，他与妻子徒步旅行。途中，停下来与一个工人交谈，接着他们继续往前走去。巴斯曼夫人说那工人与她丈夫相貌很像，甚至猜测他可能就是她丈夫的兄弟。 · go on 继续走 （实意动词+ on: 继续做某事） · comment on 对…发表评论 · resemblance (n.) 相像 · resemble (vt.) 相像 = look like eg. 她和她弟弟长得很像。 She resembles her brother in looks. = She looks like her brother. 7、Franz poured scorn on the idea, pointing out (that his brother had been killed in action during the war.宾语从句) （Though Mrs. Bussman was fully acquainted with this story让步状语从句），she thought（that there was a chance in a million [that she might be right.]宾语从句/定语从句） 弗朗兹对此不屑一顾，指出他兄弟已经在战争中阵亡了。尽管巴斯曼夫人熟知这个情况，但她仍然认为自己的想法仍有百万分之一的可能性。 · scorn (v./n.) 鄙视 · pour scorn on sb. sth. 对…鄙视 eg. 我鄙视那些幼稚又容易受骗的人。 I pour scorn on the persons who are naive and credulous. 你为什么总是瞧不起我的建议？ Why do you always pour scorn on my suggestions? · be acquainted with 对…熟悉 = be familiar with · acquaintance （n.） 熟人 · a chance in a million 万分之一的机遇 a golden chance 宝贵的机会 8、A few days later, she sent a boy to the workman to ask him（if his name was Hans Bussman.宾语从句） Needless to say, the man's name was Hans Bussman and he really was Franz's long-lost brother. （When the brothers were reunited,时间状语从句） Hans explained （how it was that he was still alive.宾语从句） 几天后，她派了一个男孩去问那人是否叫汉斯.巴斯曼。不出巴斯曼夫人所料，那人的名字真是汉斯.巴斯曼，他确实是弗朗兹失散多年的兄弟。兄弟俩团聚之时，汉斯说明了他活下来的经过。 · send sth. 送某物，寄某物 send sb. to do sth. 打发某人去做某事 · needless to say 勿庸置疑，无需多说 9、After having been wounded towards the end of the war, he had been sent to hospital and was separated from his unit. The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot. Meanwhile, his unit was lost and all records of him had been destroyed. 战争即将结束时，他负伤被送进医院，并与部队失去联系。医院遭到轰炸，汉斯步行回到了西德。与此同时，他所在部队被击溃，他的所有档案材料全部毁于战火。 eg. While/when I was reading the book, I found a mistake on the front page. 改：While/when reading the book, … eg. After Joe finished breakfast, she left the house. 改：After finishing breakfast, … eg. After Joe had finished breakfast, she left the house. 改：After having finished breakfast, … · meanwhile 同时 = in the mean time = at the same time 10、Hans returned to his family home, but the house had been bombed and no one in the neighbourhood knew （what had become of the inhabitants.宾语从句） Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away （where he had remained ever since.定语从句） 汉斯重返故里，但他的家已被炸毁，左邻右舍谁也不知原住户的下落，汉斯以为全家人都在空袭中遇难，于是便在距此50英里外的一座村子里定居下来，直至当日。 · inhabitant (n.) 居民 · inhaibt (vt.) 居住 = live in eg. 只有100个人住在这个村子里。 Only 100 people inhabited the village. = The village was inhabited only by 100 people. · assume (v.) 认为 = presume · settle down 定居 Supplementary exercises: · They rented the old house on the that the landlord would paint it. A. assumption B.impression C.succession D.suggestion 解析：正确答案 A 他们假定房主能粉刷房子才租了这所旧房子。 A. 假定，如果； B.印象； C.继承； D.建议。 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$