新概念英语第三册Lesson8 The famous monastay 课堂笔记

Lesson 8 A famous monastery 著名的修道院 · famous (adj.) 著名的 = well-known · monastery (n.) 修道院，寺庙 · 词根mon- ：单一的 eg. Monday 周一 monologue 独角戏，独白，长篇大论 monk 僧侣，和尚 monopoly 垄断，垄断者（“大富翁”游戏） monotonous 单调的，乏味的(adj.) 1、The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. 圣伯纳德大山口连接着瑞士与意大利，海拔2,473O米，是欧洲最高的山口。 · connect A to B 把A和B连接在一起 = connect A with B eg. 这个地铁连接浦东和浦西。 This subway connects Pudong and Puxi. 这条高速公路连接了北京和上海。 The highway connects Beijing and Shanghai. · Switzerland 瑞士 —— Swiss 瑞士人，瑞士的 Sweden 瑞典 —— Swedish 瑞典人，瑞典的 Italy 意大利 —— Italian 意大利人 · at…meters 表示海拔高度 eg. 海拔1980米，长白山湖是中国最高的景点。 At 1980 meters, Heavenly Lake is the highest tourist attraction in China. 2、The famous monastery of St. Bernard,（which was founded in eleventh century定语从句）, lies about a mile away. 11世纪建造的著名的圣伯纳德修道院位于离山口1英里远的地方。 · find found found 找到，发现 found founded founded 成立 = set up eg. 哈佛大学成立于1636年。 Harvard University was founded in 1636. · lie lay lain lying 位于，座落于 lie lied lied lying 说谎 lay laid laid laying 放置 · lie 位于，座落于 = stand = sit = be located = be situated 3、For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. 几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院驯养狗拯救了许多翻越这道山口的旅游者的生命。 · cross (v.) 穿过 = (v.) + across(adv.) 穿过 · 非谓语动词crossing作定语，修饰名词travellers, 相当于定语从句who crossed the dangerous Pass. 4、These friendly dogs,（which were first brought from Asia定语从句）, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. 那些最先从亚洲引进的狗，待人友好，早在罗马时代就给人当看门狗了。 · 定语从句which were first brought from Asia… 改成非谓语动词作定语：first brought from Asia… · Roman times 罗马时代 eg. 条条道路通罗马。 All roads lead to Rome. · times 时期，时代 eg. in ancient times 在古代 = in old times in modern times 在现代 in prehistoric times 在史前时代 5、（Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains原因状语从句）, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. 如今由于山里开挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危险了。但每年还要派狗到雪山地里去帮助那些遇到困难的旅游者。 · Now that 既然，因为 = Because now （引导原因状语从句，只能用于有“现在”成分的时态） = Since = As = Because eg. 1. Now that/Since/As/Because the weather is warm, we can go swimming. 2. Since/As/Because you paid for the tickets, please let me pay for the dinner. 3. Now that/Since/As/Because the rain has stopped, do you want have a walk? · less dangerous 不那么危险 less + (adj.原级) 不那么… the least + (adj.原级) 最不… · whenever 无论何时 · be in difficulty/trouble 陷入困难/麻烦 6、Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people（who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot定语从句）. 尽管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒险徒步跨越圣伯纳德山口。 · Despite (prep.) 尽管，虽然 + (n./pron./doing) = In spite of · Despite the new tunnel,… = Although/Though the tunnel has been built,… （引导让步状语从句） · rashly (adv.) 轻率地 rash (adj.) 轻率的（= without think carefully） eg. 别对你的未来作草率的决定。 Don’t make rash decisions about your future. 你把车借给他太草率了。 It is rash of you to lend him your car. · attempt (v./n.) 试图、企图 （通常指艰难的事） attempt to do sth. = try to do sth. = make an attempt to do sth. eg. 他企图越狱。 He made an attempt to escape from the prison. 她试图打破世界纪录。 She attempted to break the world record. 7、During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, [for it is visited by thousands of people （who cross the Pass in cars定语从句）原因状语从句]. 夏天的几个月里，修道院十分忙碌，因为有成千上万的人驾车通过山口，顺道来修道院参观。 · be busy with sth. 忙于某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 eg. a busy supermarket/day/season 繁忙的超市 / 繁忙的一天 / 旺季 8、（As there are so many people about原因状语从句）, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. 由于来人太多，狗被关在专门的围栏里。 · about 在附近 = around · enclosure 圈地 eg. the monkey enclosure 猴山 9、In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different. 然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活则是另一番景象。 · be different from 不同 be the same as 相同 be similar to 相似 10、The temperature drops to -- 30 o and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. 气温下降到零下30度，试图跨越山口的人寥寥无几。 · drop to 下降到 drop by 下降了 · minus 负、零下 plus 正 11、The monks prefer winter to summer （for they have more privacy原因状语从句）. 修道士们喜欢冬天，而不太喜欢夏天。因为在冬天，他们可以更多地过无人打扰的生活。 · prefer A to B 比起B，更喜欢A prefer doing sth. to doing sth. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. eg. 他宁愿呆在家里，也不愿和我们一起出去。 = 他更喜欢呆在家里，而不是和我们一起出去。 He prefers to stay at home rather than go out with us. · privacy(n.)隐私 —— private (adj.) 私下的 12、The dogs have greater freedom, too,（for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure原因状语从句）. 狗也比较自由，被放出围栏，四处遛达。 · 各种walk ： wander (v.) 漫步( = to walk aimlessly) stride 大步流星地走 march 齐步走，正步走 stroll 漫步（romantic） creep = tiptoe 蹑手蹑脚地走 stagger 蹒跚地走，摇摇晃晃地走 13、The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers （who go there at Christmas and Easter定语从句）. 冬天常来修道院参观的只有一批批滑雪者。他们在圣诞节或复活节到那儿去。 · regular visitor 常客 regular customer 常客 · skier 滑雪的人 —— ski 滑雪 —— go skiing 去滑雪 · a party of 一队 = parties of eg. 政府成立了工作组调查那个问题。 The government set up a working party to investigate that problem. 14、These young people,（who love the peace of mountains定语从句）, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery. 这些热爱高山清静环境的年轻人每年都受到圣伯纳德道院的热烈欢迎。 · receive a warm welcome 受到热烈欢迎 Supplementary exercise: · you are free tonight, why not go to the movies with us? A. Since B. For C. Even if D. Now that 解析： 正确答案 D 既然你今天晚上有空，为什么不和我们去看电影呢？ Now that作连词，引导一个已知的原因，但其内容必须是已发生的事。如果还没有成为事实，可以用since或as。 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$