新概念英语第三册Lesson5 The facts课堂笔记讲义

Lesson 5 The facts 确切数字 1、Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. 报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供成立一些关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。 · People who work for newspapers and maganizes: eg. editor 编辑 chief editor 主编 reporter 记者 (报告、采访) interviewer 记者（采访） journalist 记者（强调长途跋涉、出外勤、战地记者） columnist 专栏作家（column 专栏） · go to extremes 走向极端 · extreme (adj.) 极端的 (n.) 极端 eg. extreme weather 极端天气 extreme example 极端例子 extreme sports 极限运动 · extremely (adv.) 极端地，非常 = very = terribly = extraordinarily eg. go from one extreme to another 从一个极端走向另一个极端 · statistics (n.) 统计数据，统计资料 eg. 数据表明：Statistics show… 根据官方数据：According to official statistics… · provide (v.) 提供 · provide sth. for sb. 提供某事给某人 = provide sb. with sth. 提供某人某事 = offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 2、Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. 去年，一位记者受一家有名的杂志的委托写一篇关于非洲某个新成立共和国总统府的文章。 · instruct (v.) 通知，告知 = tell · instruct sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 = tell sb. to do sth. · on (prep.) (1) 在…上面（表面接触的）—— 反：beneath (2) 跟在实意动词后面：继续… eg. talk on 继续说 go on 继续 read on 继续读 write on 继续写 (3) on （+ 严肃性的话题、学术方面） = about 关于 （跟任何话题） 3、When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refused to publish it. 稿子寄来后，编辑看第一句话就拒绝予以发表。 · When the article arrived … (eg. Lesson 1：When reports came into London Zoo…) · refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 反：accept to do sth. 同意做某事 4、The article began: ‘Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall（which surrounds the president's palace'）定语从句. 文章的开头是这样的：“几百级台阶通向环绕总统的高墙。” · step (n.) 台阶（室外的）(eg. step-mother 继母) stair (n.) 楼梯（室内的） · lead to 指向，通向 · surround (v.) 包围、环绕（多用于被动语态） eg. The place was surrounded by a lot of people. 很多人环绕在这个地方周围。 She is always surrounded by fashionable friends. 她周围总有这么多赶时髦的朋友。 5、The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him to find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall. 编辑立即给那位记者发去传真，要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。 · 谓语动词sent，非谓语动词instructing · 非谓语动词作状语： eg. (1) Shouting and crying, I went out. = I went out shouting and crying. 非谓语动词doing表伴随，与谓语动词同时进行。 eg. (2) To shout and cry, I went out. = I went out to shout and cry. 非谓语动词to do 表目的，发生在谓语动词之后。 eg. (3) Having shouted and cried, I went out. = I went out, having shouted and cried. 非谓语动词having done表完成，发生在谓语动词之前。 · find 发现 +（具体名词） find out 发现 +（抽象名词） 6、The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient,（for the magazine would soon go to press. 原因状语从句） 记者立即出发去核实这些重要的事实，但过了好长时间不见他把数字寄来，在此期间，编辑等得不耐烦了，因为杂志马上要付印。 · immediately 立刻，马上 = at once = instantly = right away = right now = straight away = in a minute = as soon as possible · set out 动身，出发 + for sp. 前往某地 = set off · 非谓语动词to obtain = in order to do 为了… obtain = get 得到 · Meanwhile 与此同时，在此期间 = In the meantime = At the same time · get impatient 变得不耐烦了 （系动词）+ （形容词） · go to press 付印 · press (v.) 按，压 eg. press-up 俯卧撑 pressure(n.) 压力 7、He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. 他给记者先后发去两份传真，但对方毫无反应。 · send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 送/寄给某人某物 · reply (n.) 答复 reply (vi.) = answer（vt.) 回答 eg. reply to the question = answer the question 谓语动词sent 非谓语动词informing，表同时 8、He sent yet another fax informing the journalist（that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.） 于是他又发了一份传真，通知那位记者说，若再不迅速答复，将被解雇。 · that引导宾语从句 · if引导条件状语从句（非真实条件句）：虚拟语气 9、（When the journalist again failed to reply时间状语从句）, the editor reluctantly published the article（as it had originally been written方式状语从句）. 正如 但记者还是没有回复。编辑无奈，勉强按原样发稿了。 · fail to do sth. 未能做某事（否定） · reluctantly (adv.) 不情愿地 = unwillingly (adv.) · reluctant (adj.) 不情愿的 · be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事 be unwilling to do sth. 不愿做某事 = be reluctant to do sth. · originally (adv.) 起初，原先 10、A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. 一周之后，编辑终于接到记者的传真。 · at last 最后，终于（历经千辛万苦之后，强调结果，与前句话的originally遥相呼应） 11、Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. 那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了，而且还被送进了监狱。 · not only … but … as well 不仅…而且… · 倒装句： N开头要倒装： No, Neither, Not, Nothing, Never, Nowhere, No longer 否定词开头要倒装： Seldom, Little, Few, Rarely, Hardly eg. He seldom goes out for dinner. = Seldom does he go out for dinner. （倒装句） (倒装部分改成一般疑问句的句式) Exercise: eg. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life D so happy! A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt 12、However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax（in which he informed the editor （that the he had been arrested （while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall（which surrounded the president's palace.） 不过，他终于获准发回了一份传真。在传真中他告诉编辑，就在他数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1，084级台阶时，被抓了起来。 · in which = where (作定语从句中的地点状语) · lead to 通向 长难句收尾：主句：he had at last been allowed to send a fax. · in which引导定语从句 that引导宾语从句 while引导时间状语从句 which引导定语从句 Supplementary exercise: · They’ll have you if you don’t pay your taxes. A. to be arrested B. arrest C.arrested D. being arrested 解析： 正确答案C have somebody done. 使之被… 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$