新概念英语第三册 Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs 课堂笔记

Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs 阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活 1、These days, people（who do manual work定语从句）often receive far more money than people（who work in offices定语从句）. 如今，从事体力劳动的人的收入一般要比坐办公室的人高出许多。 · These days 这些日子 = At present · 主句：People often receive far more money than people. · manual (adj.) 手动的，手工的 eg. a manual typewriter 手动打字机 ATM = Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款机 manual worker 体力劳动者 = blue collar · 修饰比较级： (1) a little + 比较级 一点儿… （些微差距） (2) more + 比较级 …得多 （大的差距） (3) far + 比较级 …多了去了（差距极大） Exercise（定语从句）: who, whom, which, that, / 1. An archeologist is someone who, that explores ancient remains. 2. Have you found the key which , that, / you lost? 3. The people who , whom ,that ,/ we met at the party were very friendly. 4. What happened to the money which, that was on the table. 2、People （who work in offices定语从句）are frequently referred to as ‘white-collar workers' for the simple reason （that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work同位语从句）. 坐办公室的之所以常常被称作“白领工人”，就是因为他们通常是穿着硬领白衬衫，系着领带去上班。 · frequently (adv.) 频繁地 = often · be referred to as 被视为，被当作 = be called = be regarded as eg. 我们过去常常把老师称为园丁。 We used to refer to the teacher as a gardener. · a collar and tie 衬衫领带 （看成一套东西，用单数的谓语动词） eg. a cart and horse 一辆马车 rice and egg 米饭和鸡蛋 a knife and fork 一副刀叉 bread and butter 奶油面包 一、定语从句（形容词性从句）： 连词的使用： (1) 指人用who（作主语、作宾语），whom（作宾语）,that（作主语、作宾语） (2) 指物用which, that（作主语、作宾语） eg. I know a boy who is clever. （连词who在从句中作主语，连词不能省） eg. I know a boy whom was beaten. （连词whom在从句中作宾语，连词可以省） 二、名词性从句： eg. I know who is clever. （宾语从句） Who will come is not clear. （主语从句） The question is who will come. （表语从句） 3、Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. 许多人常常情愿放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。 · Such is human nature 是个倒装句（代词Such置于句首，句子倒装，起强调作用） eg. 结果就是这样。 Such was the result. · a great many 极其多的 = a great/large/huge number of = quite a lot of = numerous · be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事 反：be unwilling to do sth. 不愿意做某事 = be reluctant to do sth. · sacrifice A for B 为了B牺牲A · sacred (adj.) 神圣的，宗教的 · sacrifice (v./n.) 牺牲，祭祀，祭品 eg. sacrifice time for happiness 为了快乐牺牲时间 · privilege (n.) 特权 （a special right） · the privilege of doing sth. 做某事的特权 eg. 我们有把车停在小区门口的特权。 We have the privilege of parking our car outside the community. eg. 她过着养尊处优的生活。 She leads the life of luxury and privilege. 4、This can give rise to curious situations,（as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs [who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.方式状语从句）定语从句] 而这常常会引起种种奇怪的现象，在埃尔斯米尔公司当清洁工的艾尔弗雷德.布洛斯就是一个例子。 · give rise to 导致 = cause = lead to = contribute to = bring about = be responsible for = result in · in the case of 在…的情况下 · in case of + (n./pron./doing) 如果，万一 · in case + (句子) 如果，万一 5、When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. 艾尔弗结婚时，感到非常难为情，而没有将自己的职业告诉妻子。 · too…to… 太…，以致于不能…（否定） 6、He simply told her（that he worked for the Corporation宾语从句）. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. 他只说在埃尔斯米尔公司上班。每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西装离家上班，然后换上工作服，当8个小时清洁工。 · tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事（双宾语） · dress (v.) 给…穿衣 · be dressed in… 穿着…（被动语态的结构，表达主动的意思） dress sb. 给某人穿衣服 · dressed in，非谓语动词dressed 表被动 · as a dustman 中的as (prep.) ：作为 Exercise : Suddenly there appeared a young woman who D in green. A. was dressing B. dressed C. is dressed D. was dressed 7、Before returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit. 晚上回家前，他洗个淋浴，重新换上那身黑色西服。 · Before returning home… = Before he returned home… · take a shower 淋浴 = have a shower take a bath 泡澡 = have a bath 8、Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. Alf's wife has never discovered （that she married a dustman and she never will宾语从句）, （for Alf has just found another job原因状语从句）. He will soon be working in an office. 两年多以来，艾尔弗一直这样，他的同事也为他保守秘密。艾尔弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁给了一个清洁工，而且她永远也不会知道了，因为艾尔弗已找到薪职，不久就要坐办公室里工作了。 · over + 数字 ：超过、大于、多于… = more than + 数字 反： under + 数字 ： 小于、少于… = less than + 数字 · keep one’s secret 保守秘密 9、He will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels（that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money宾语从句）. 他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。 · earn money = make money 挣钱 · as much as …和…一样多 · half as much as …和…一半多 · 身份： (1) status （社会中的） · the upper class 上层阶级（the privilege 特权，精英） · the middle class 中产阶级（white collar 白领） · the working class 工人阶级（blue collar 蓝领） · the under class 下层阶段 (2) identity （生物上的） (L:3 —— discover the identity) · worth (adj.) 值得的 (n.) 价值 · be well worth sth. /doing sth. 值得做某事 · be worth(adj.) + 钱 值…钱 eg. The car is worth 1000 pounds. The car isn’t worth the money. 这辆车不值这个钱。 How much does this car cost？ 这辆车多少钱？ = How much is this car ? = How much is this car worth? · 花费： （1）spend : 人 + spend + 钱 + on + 东西 （2）pay : 人 + pay + 钱 + for + 东西 （3）cost : 物 + cost + 人 + 钱 （4）take : It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. （固定搭配） 10、From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him ‘Mr. Bloggs', not‘Alf'. 从此，艾尔弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。别人将称呼他为“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾尔弗”了。 · From now on 从现在开始（一般将来时态） （此处on表示继续，实意动词 + on：表示继续做某事） eg. go on, read on, talk on, write on, hold on , work on… 反：So far 迄今为止 （现在完成时态） Supplementary exercise: · By the year 2030, scientists probably a cure for cancer. A. will be discovering B. are discovering C.will have discovered D. have discovered 解析：正确答案C 在2030年之前，科学家有可能研制出癌症的治疗办法。 by可以引起完成时，而2030是将来时间，所以正确答案应该是将来完成时。 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$