Unit 1 topic 1 核心知识点梳理及配套练习2024-2025学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

Unit 1 topic 1 核心知识点梳理 一、核心词汇 - 运动相关 - swimming（游泳）：I go swimming every Sunday.（我每个星期天去游泳。） - skiing（滑雪）：He enjoys skiing in winter.（他在冬天喜欢滑雪。） - skating（滑冰）：She often goes skating with her friends.（她经常和她的朋友们去滑冰。） - rowing（划船）：They went rowing on the lake last weekend.（他们上周末在湖上划船。） - cycling（骑自行车）：My father cycles to work every day.（我爸爸每天骑自行车去上班。） - volleyball（排球）：We play volleyball in the gym.（我们在体育馆打排球。） - table tennis（乒乓球）：He is good at table tennis.（他擅长乒乓球。） - basketball（篮球）：I like to play basketball with my classmates.（我喜欢和我的同学们打篮球。） - soccer（足球）：They watch soccer games on TV.（他们在电视上看足球比赛。） - 动词 - join（加入）：I want to join the music club.（我想加入音乐俱乐部。） - prefer（更喜欢）：I prefer reading books to watching TV.（比起看电视，我更喜欢读书。） - see（看见）：I saw a bird in the tree this morning.（今天早上我看见一只鸟在树上。） - cheer（为…加油）：We cheer for our school team during the game.（在比赛期间我们为我们的校队加油。） - win（赢）：Our team won the basketball game yesterday.（我们队昨天赢得了篮球比赛。） - lose（输）：He lost the race.（他输掉了比赛。） - grow（生长；成长）：Flowers grow in spring.（花在春天生长。）Children grow up quickly.（孩子们成长得很快。） - spend（花费）：I spent two hours on my homework yesterday.（我昨天花了两个小时做我的家庭作业。） - exercise（锻炼；练习）：She exercises every morning to keep healthy.（她每天早上锻炼以保持健康。）I exercise my English by reading aloud.（我通过大声朗读练习我的英语。） - arrive（到达）：He arrived at the airport early.（他早早地到达了机场。）They arrived in Shanghai last night.（他们昨晚到达上海。） - leave（离开）：She left for London this morning.（她今天早上动身前往伦敦。） - relax（放松）：After a long day's work, I like to relax on the sofa.（在一整天的工作之后，我喜欢在沙发上放松。） - 形容词 - excited（激动的）：The children were excited to see the circus.（孩子们看到马戏团很激动。） - exciting（令人激动的）：It is an exciting adventure.（这是一次令人激动的冒险。） - good（好的）：He is a good boy.（他是一个好男孩。） - bad（坏的）：Smoking is bad for your health.（吸烟对你的健康有害。） - fit（健康的；合适的）：He keeps fit by running every day.（他通过每天跑步保持健康。）This dress fits me well.（这条裙子很适合我。） - healthy（健康的）：Eating fruits and vegetables is healthy.（吃水果和蔬菜是健康的。） 二、核心短语 - 运动短语 - go swimming /skiing /skating /rowing /cycling：I go cycling on weekends.（我在周末骑自行车。） - play volleyball /table tennis /basketball /soccer：He plays soccer with his friends every Sunday.（他每个星期天和他的朋友们踢足球。） - 其他短语 - be going to（将要）：I am going to visit my grandparents next week.（我下周将要去看望我的祖父母。） - join us（加入我们）：Come and join us for the party.（来加入我们的派对。） - which sport（哪种运动）：Which sport do you like best?（你最喜欢哪种运动？） - see sb. do sth.（看见某人做了某事）：I saw him enter the building.（我看见他进入了那栋楼。） - see sb. doing sth.（看见某人正在做某事）：I saw her reading a book in the library.（我看见她在图书馆里正在读一本书。） - cheer sb on（为某人加油）：We cheer our players on during the game.（我们在比赛期间为我们的选手加油。） - would you like to（你想要…）：Would you like to have a cup of tea?（你想要喝一杯茶吗？） - play for（效力于）：He plays for a famous football club.（他效力于一个著名的足球俱乐部。） - play against（同…比赛）：Our team will play against theirs next week.（我们队下周将和他们队比赛。） - play with（与…玩耍）：The children play with toys.（孩子们玩玩具。） - twice a week（每周两次）：I go to the gym twice a week.（我每周去两次体育馆。） - go mountain climbing（去爬山）：We go mountain climbing in spring.（我们在春天去爬山。） - spend +时间+ on sth / (in) doing sth（花费时间做某事）：I spent two hours on my homework.（我花了两个小时做我的家庭作业。）I spent two hours (in) reading a book.（我花了两个小时读一本书。） - be good at（擅长）：He is good at math.（他擅长数学。） - be good for（对…有益）：Eating vegetables is good for your health.（吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。） - be bad for（对…有害）：Smoking is bad for your lungs.（吸烟对你的肺有害。） - make/keep sb/sth +adj（使/保持某人/物…）：Exercise makes us strong.（锻炼使我们强壮。）We should keep our classroom clean.（我们应该保持我们的教室干净。） - a/the good way to（是…的好方法）：Reading is a good way to improve your knowledge.（阅读是提高你知识的好方法。） - keep fit（保持健康）：He keeps fit by exercising regularly.（他通过定期锻炼保持健康。） - arrive in/at（到达某地）：He arrived in Beijing yesterday.（他昨天到达北京。）He arrived at the station on time.（他按时到达车站。） - leave for（动身前往）：She left for Paris this morning.（她今天早上动身前往巴黎。） 三、核心句型 - 一般疑问句及回答 - Are you going to...? - Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. - Are you going to the party tonight?（你今晚要去派对吗？） - Yes, I am.（是的，我要去。） - No, I’m not.（不，我不去。） - Do you often...? - Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. - Do you often play basketball?（你经常打篮球吗？） - Yes, I do.（是的，我经常打。） - No, I don’t.（不，我不经常打。） - 特殊疑问句及回答 - What are you going to do? - I’m going to... - What are you going to do this weekend?（你这个周末打算做什么？） - I’m going to see a movie.（我打算去看一场电影。） - Which sport do you like better,... or...? - I like... better. - Which sport do you like better, basketball or football?（篮球和足球你更喜欢哪个？） - I like basketball better.（我更喜欢篮球。） - Who’s your favorite player? - My favorite player is... - Who’s your favorite player?（你最喜欢的运动员是谁？） - My favorite player is Yao Ming.（我最喜欢的运动员是姚明。） - What’s your favorite sport? - My favorite sport is... - What’s your favorite sport?（你最喜欢的运动是什么？） - My favorite sport is tennis.（我的最喜欢的运动是网球。） - How often do you...? - Twice a week. - How often do you go to the gym?（你多久去一次体育馆？） - Twice a week.（每周两次。） - 邀请句型及回答 - Would you like to...? - Yes, I’d love/like to. / Sorry, but I am busy now. - Would you like to go for a walk?（你想出去散步吗？） - Yes, I’d love/like to.（是的，我想去。） - Sorry, but I am busy now.（抱歉，但我现在很忙。） 四、语法知识点 - 一般将来时 - 结构：be going to +动词原形或will +动词原形 - 例句：I am going to play football tomorrow.（我明天打算踢足球。）There will be a concert next week.（下周将会有一场音乐会。） - 动词的用法 - see的用法： - see sb. do sth.（强调看见动作的全过程，现在动作已结束）：I saw him cross the street.（我看见他穿过了街道。） - see sb. doing sth.（强调动作正在进行）：I saw her crying in the corner.（我看见她在角落里哭泣。） - prefer的用法： - prefer doing sth.（更喜欢做某事）：I prefer listening to music to watching TV.（比起看电视，我更喜欢听音乐。） - prefer A to B（与B比起来，更喜欢A）：I prefer apples to oranges.（与橙子比起来，我更喜欢苹果。） - prefer doing A to doing B（与做事件B比起来，更喜欢做事件A）：I prefer reading books to playing games.（与玩游戏比起来，我更喜欢读书。） 随堂综合练习 一、单项选择 1. —What are you going to do this weekend? — I ______ go shopping with my mother. A. am B. is C. are D. will 2. He ______ swimming to skiing. A. like B. prefers C. enjoy D. love 3. I saw her ______ in the park this morning. A. runs B. ran C. running D. to run 4. —______ do you exercise? —Twice a week. A. How long B. How often C. How many D. How much 5. She ______ two hours on her homework every day. A. spends B. takes C. pays D. costs 6. We are going to play ______ basketball after school. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. —Which sport do you like better, tennis ______ volleyball? — I like tennis better. A. and B. or C. but D. so 8. My father ______ for a famous company. A. plays B. works C. looks D. studies 9. —Would you like to come to my party? —______. I have to study for a test. A. Yes, I’d love to B. Sorry, but I am busy now C. That’s a good idea D. No, I don’t 10. They won the game and all the fans were very ______. A. excited B. exciting C. interested D. interesting 11. The students in our class are good at ______ English. A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. to speak 12. There ______ a concert in the hall next week. A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. will be going to 13. She goes to the gym ______ a week. A. once B. one C. first D. the first 14. We should keep our classroom ______. A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to clean 15. —______ you often play football? —No, seldom. A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have 16. I prefer reading books ______ watching TV. A. than B. to C. for D. as 17. He ______ to join the club next month. A. wants B. wanted C. will want D. is wanting 18. She is ______ good health because she exercises every day. A. in B. on C. at D. of 19. They will ______ for Beijing tomorrow. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. leaving 20. —Who is your favorite ______? —Yao Ming. A. player B. play C. players D. plays 21. The boy is very tired. He needs to ______. A. exercise B. relax C. study D. work 22. I spent 30 minutes ______ my bike this morning. A. on B. in C. at D. for 23. We are excited ______ the good news. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 24. She is going to ______ a mountain this weekend. A. climb B. climbs C. climbing D. climbed 25. —What’s your favorite sport? —______ is swimming. A. It B. This C. That D. They 二、词汇运用 1. He wants to j______ the music club. 2. I like playing v______ with my friends. 3. She often goes s______ in winter. 4. My dream is to be a famous p______. 5. We should e______ every day to keep healthy. 三、句型转换 1. I am going to play football this afternoon.（对划线部分提问） ______ are you going to ______ this afternoon? 2. She prefers reading to writing.（改为同义句） She ______ reading ______ than writing. 3. They play basketball three times a week.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ do they play basketball? 4. I saw him enter the building.（改为同义句） I saw him ______ ______ the building. 5. She is good at English.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ at English? 四、完型填空 I like sports very much. I have a lot of sports things. I have two basketballs, three volleyballs and four 1. ______. I often play sports with my friends after school. We all like playing 2. ______. It is a very popular sport. We have a basketball team in our school. I am 3. ______ the team. I often play basketball for our school team. We have a lot of games with other schools. We usually 4. ______ these games. I also like running. I run every morning. It makes me 5. ______. I also like swimming. I go swimming in the pool 6. ______ weekends. It is very relaxing. There are many different kinds of sports in the world. Some people like tennis, some people like golf. What is your favorite sport? Do you like sports as much as I do? I think sports are very important for us. They can make us 7. ______ and happy. We should do sports every day. We should also encourage our friends and family to do sports. If we all do sports, we will have a 8. ______ life. Sports can also help us make many new friends. We can play sports with them and have a lot of fun. I am looking forward to 9. ______ more people who like sports. We can talk about sports and 10. ______ our experiences. 1. A. tennis balls B. footballs C. ping - pong balls D. baseballs 2. A. basketball B. volleyball C. football D. tennis 3. A. on B. in C. at D. of 4. A. win B. lose C. watch D. play 5. A. weak B. strong C. tired D. sick 6. A. in B. on C. at D. for 7. A. healthy B. ill C. sad D. angry 8. A. better B. worse C. bad D. good 9. A. meet B. meeting C. met D. meets 10. A. share B. shares C. sharing D. shared 五、阅读理解 Passage 1 Sports are very important in our life. They can keep our body healthy and make us feel happy. There are many different kinds of sports, such as basketball, football, volleyball, tennis, swimming and so on. Different people like different sports. For example, some boys like playing basketball, while some girls like playing volleyball. Some people like swimming because it can make them relax. Some people like running because it can make them strong. In our school, there are many sports activities. We have a basketball team, a football team and a volleyball team. We often have games with other schools. These games can improve our skills and make us more confident. We also have a sports meeting every year. It is a great event for all the students. We can show our talents and abilities in the sports meeting. 1. Sports can make us feel ______. A. sad B. happy C. angry D. tired 2. Different people like ______ sports. A. the same B. different C. all D. no 3. Some people like swimming because it can make them ______. A. strong B. relax C. confident D. talented 4. In our school, we have ______ teams. A. a basketball and a football B. a basketball, a football and a volleyball C. a football and a volleyball D. a basketball and a volleyball 5. We can show our talents and abilities in the ______. A. games B. sports meeting C. team D. school Passage 2 I am a sports lover. I like many kinds of sports. I like running best. I run every morning. It makes me feel energetic. I also like playing basketball. I play basketball with my friends on weekends. We have a lot of fun. I like watching sports games on TV too. When I watch a great game, I get very excited. I like some famous players. For example, I like Yao Ming. He is a great basketball player. I want to be like him when I grow up. I also like Usain Bolt. He is a famous runner. His speed is amazing. I know that sports can make me healthy and strong. I will continue to do sports in the future. 1. The writer likes ______ best. A. running B. basketball C. watching games D. a famous player 2. The writer runs every ______. A. weekend B. afternoon C. morning D. evening 3. The writer plays basketball with his friends on ______. A. weekends B. afternoons C. mornings D. evenings 4. The writer wants to be like ______ when he grows up. A. Usain Bolt B. a famous runner C. Yao Ming D. a great player 5. Sports can make the writer ______. A. healthy and strong B. excited C. energetic D. amazing Passage 3 There are many sports clubs in our school. Students can choose the clubs they like. Some students like the football club. They play football every day. Some students like the basketball club. They practice basketball skills. Some students like the tennis club. They play tennis with their friends. There is also a swimming club. Some students who like swimming join this club. They swim in the pool. These sports clubs provide students with opportunities to exercise and make friends. They also help students develop their skills and interests. The school encourages students to join sports clubs. It believes that sports are good for students' physical and mental health. 1. Students can choose ______ clubs they like. A. any B. some C. one D. two 2. Some students who like swimming join the ______ club. A. football B. basketball C. tennis D. swimming 3. These sports clubs provide students with opportunities to ______. A. study B. exercise and make friends C. play games D. watch TV 4. The school believes that sports are good for students' ______. A. body and mind B. body only C. mind only D. neither body nor mind 5. The text mainly talks about ______. A. sports clubs in our school B. different kinds of sports C. students' hobbies D. how to choose a club 六、情景交际 从A - E选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个多余选项。 A: Hi, Jack! What are you going to do this weekend? B: 1. ______ A: Oh, really? Do you like sports? B: Yes, I do. 2. ______ A: Which sport do you like best? B: 3. ______ It's very exciting. A: Do you often play it? B: 4. ______ I usually play it with my friends on weekends. A: That sounds great! 5. ______ B: Sure! You can come with us this weekend. A. I like basketball best. B. I'm going to play sports. C. Can I join you? D. How often do you play it? E. I play it three times a week. F. I prefer reading books. G. Sports can make me healthy and strong. 七、书面表达 以“My Favorite Sport”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍你最喜欢的运动，包括你喜欢它的原因以及你参与这项运动的频率等。 一、单项选择答案 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. A 二、词汇运用答案 1. join 2. volleyball 3. skiing 4. player 5. exercise 三、句型转换答案 1. What; do 2. likes; better 3. How often 4. going into 5. Is; good 四、完型填空答案 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. A 五、阅读理解答案 Passage 1 1. B - 定位信息：“They can keep our body healthy and make us feel happy.” - 翻译：它们能使我们的身体保持健康并且让我们感到开心。 - 位置：第一段第二句 2. B - 定位信息：“Different people like different sports.” - 翻译：不同的人喜欢不同的运动。 - 位置：第二段第二句 3. B - 定位信息：“Some people like swimming because it can make them relax.” - 翻译：一些人喜欢游泳因为它能使他们放松。 - 位置：第二段第四句 4. B - 定位信息：“In our school, we have a basketball team, a football team and a volleyball team.” - 翻译：在我们学校，我们有一个篮球队，一个足球队和一个排球队。 - 位置：第二段第六句 5. B - 定位信息：“We can show our talents and abilities in the sports meeting.” - 翻译：我们能在运动会上展示我们的天赋和能力。 - 位置：第二段最后一句 Passage 2 1. A - 定位信息：“I like running best.” - 翻译：我最喜欢跑步。 - 位置：第一段第三句 2. C - 定位信息：“I run every morning.” - 翻译：我每天早上跑步。 - 位置：第一段第四句 3. A - 定位信息：“I play basketball with my friends on weekends.” - 翻译：我在周末和我的朋友们打篮球。 - 位置：第一段第五句 4. C - 定位信息：“I want to be like him when I grow up. For example, I like Yao Ming.” - 翻译：当我长大我想成为像他一样的人。例如，我喜欢姚明。 - 位置：第一段第七、八句 5. A - 定位信息：“I know that sports can make me healthy and strong.” - 翻译：我知道运动能使我健康和强壮。 - 位置：第一段最后一句 Passage 3 1. A - 定位信息：“Students can choose the clubs they like.” - 翻译：学生们可以选择他们喜欢的俱乐部。 - 位置：第一段第二句 2. D - 定位信息：“There is also a swimming club. Some students who like swimming join this club.” - 翻译：也有一个游泳俱乐部。一些喜欢游泳的学生加入这个俱乐部。 - 位置：第一段第五、六句 3. B - 定位信息：“These sports clubs provide students with opportunities to exercise and make friends.” - 翻译：这些运动俱乐部为学生提供锻炼和交朋友的机会。 - 位置：第一段第七句 4. A - 定位信息：“The school believes that sports are good for students' physical and mental health.” - 翻译：学校相信运动对学生的身心健康有好处。 - 位置：第一段最后一句 5. A - 定位信息：全文围绕学校的运动俱乐部展开，介绍了不同俱乐部及俱乐部的作用等。 - 翻译：无（因为是对全文主旨的概括） - 位置：全文 六、情景交际答案 1. B 2. G 3. A 4. E 5. C 七、书面表达范文 《My Favorite Sport》 My favorite sport is basketball. I like it because it is a very exciting and competitive sport. It can also make me stronger and improve my teamwork skills. I play basketball three times a week. I usually play it with my classmates after school on the playground. We have a lot of fun playing basketball together. 翻译：我最喜欢的运动是篮球。我喜欢它是因为它是一项非常令人兴奋且有竞争性的运动。它也能使我更强壮并且提高我的团队合作技能。我一周打三次篮球。我通常在放学后和我的同学们在操场上打篮球。我们一起打篮球很开心。 赏析： - 词汇：favorite（最喜欢的），exciting（令人兴奋的），competitive（有竞争性的），improve（提高），teamwork skills（团队合作技能）等词汇准确地表达了作者对篮球的喜爱以及篮球运动的特点和好处。 - 短语：like...because...（因为……喜欢……），make sb. + adj.（使某人……），play with（和……一起玩）等短语的运用使文章更加流畅自然。 - 句型：My favorite sport is...（我最喜欢的运动是……），I like it because...（我喜欢它因为……），I play...times a week.（我一周玩……次）等句型简洁明了地介绍了自己最喜欢的运动以及相关信息。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$