上海市洋泾中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

上海市洋泾中学2024学年度第一学期1 高二英语期中考试试卷 命题： 张祎晨 审题：于冬梅 终审：刘力 （本卷卷面总分100分，考试时间为90分钟。） 第一卷（75分） I.Listening Comprehension (16%) Section A (1'x10) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. Al the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was sald. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.At a bank. B.At a post office. C.At a travel agency. D.At an airport. 2.A.Waiter. B.Salesman. C.Mechanic. D.Accountant. 3.A.June 3 B.June 13 C.July 13 D.July 30 4.A.Business management. B.British literature. C.Popular science. D.Classical music. 5.A. Carry a lot of cash on her. B. Cancel the trip to the U.S. C.Search for information online. D. Try various payment methods. 6.A.He will give priority to the lecture. B.He will deliver a lecture to the graduates. C.He will attend the graduation ceremony. D.He will prepare presents for the graduates. 7.A.Jack has paid off all the debts through hard work. B. Jack and Sam have won the first place in the contest. C. They relaxed themselves the whole summer holiday. D.The robot contest was held in the innovation laboratory. 8.A. Peter hardly notices the changes in his class. B.Peter has greatly changed his personality C. The man was surprised to learn Peter's success. D.Peter has received training in delivering speeches. 9.A.The woman forgot to prepare the gifts. B.The gifts were purchased at the airport. C.The man is very pleased with the picture. D.The special gifts appeal to the man greatly. 10.A.He didn't take any pictures at the ceremony. B.He forgot to take his cell phone to the ceremony. C.He couldn't record every detail because he ran away. D.He took only a few photos because of the limited storage. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Section B(1'x6) Directions: In Section B,you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage 11.A.By donating money to help those in poverty-stricken areas. B. By reducing the price of the food that has gone bad. C.By giving away tons of food to developing nations every year. D.By launching a store selling food once thrown into the trash bin. 12.A.The general public. B.The low-income people. C.The charity staff. D.The retailers. 13.A.$1 trillion. B.$700,000. C.$30,000. D.$50,000. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.Snow or ice sculptures. B.Parades on roads. C.Chalk drawings on pavements. D.Sand paintings. 15.A.He prefers to do his art work alone. B.He mostly creates his works in cities. C.He usually spends a short while creating. D.He has attracted many people in fashion industry. 16.A.Why art is not easy to forget. B.The history of temporary art. C.A "temporary" artist and his works. D.How to make impressive temporary art. II.Grammar and vocabulary: 20% Section A Grammar (1'x10) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks,fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. The family who eats together What's the price of a family meal? For many families in the world's wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be,'too much'.For instance, in the United States,(17) is often a trendsetter in such things,the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week. In fact, the frequency of shared meals(18) (decrease) in American families by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals (19) have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes. So perhaps we're better off asking ourselves (20) the cost of not eating together is. Once again,we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly (21) (share) family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who don't eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness. Another study,(22) (conduct) by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse（滥用）at Columbia University，found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are (23) (likely) to have problems with drugs and alcohol. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 But those numbers, impressive(24)they seem, may be beside the point. After all,having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure (25) future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.3 The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies. That time spent together has less noticeable-but no less real-effects too.So often,(26) is at the family meal that the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions is made. Section B (1'x10) Directions: Complete the passage by choosing the proper words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. How do AI chatbots answer my questions Chatbots might appear to be complex conversationalists that respond like real people. But if you take a closer look, they are 27 an advanced version of a program that finishes your sentences by predicting which words will come next. Bard, ChatGPT, and other AI technologies are large language models-a kind of algorithm （算法）trained on exercises similar to the Mad Libs-style questions found on elementary school quizzes. More simply put, they are human-written 28 that tell computers how to solve a problem or make a calculation. In this case, the algorithm uses your prompt and any sentence it comes across to 29 the answer. Let's pretend you plugged this sentence into an AI chatbot: “The cat sat on the .”First,the language model would have to know that the missing word needs to be a noun to make 30 sense.But it can't be any noun-the cat can't sit on the "democracy," for one.So the algorithm searches texts written by humans to get a sense of what cats actually rest on and picks out the most probable answer. In this scenario,it might31 the cat sits on the “laptop" 10 percent of the time, on the "table" 20 percent of the time,and on the "chair" 70 percent of the time. The model would then go with the most 32 answer:"chair.”The system is able to use this prediction process to respond with a full sentence. If you ask a chatbot "How are you?", it will generate "I'm" based on the “you” from the question and then “good”based on what most people on the web reply when asked how they are. The way these programs process information and arrive at a decision 33 how the human brain behaves."Simple as this task-predicting the most probable response-is, it actually requires an incredibly 34 knowledge of both how language works and how the world works," says Yoon Kim,a researcher at MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. The beauty of language models is that researchers don't have to strictly 35 any rules or grammar for them to follow. An Al chatbot learns how to form sentences that make sense by consuming textual elements, which are common sequences of characters36 together taken from the raw text of books, articles, and websites. All it needs are the patterns and associations it finds among certain words or phrases. II. Reading Comprehension. Section A (1'x15)15% Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.4 Most of us know someone who is always late-a person who seems to have a chronic blind spot when it comes to timekeeping.It can become a source of jokey banter（无恶意的玩笑）among friends，but in another context it can have serious and stressful37 from being late for work, meetings to missing flights and doctors' appointments. There could be various reasons why you're38 late. First, you could just be really relaxed. This might be linked to the way you were 39 -perhaps you inherited your parents' relaxed attitude to timekeeping． This might have something to do with your 40 heritage（遗产），too．For instance，there's evidence that people in some countries, such as Brazil, tend to be much less 41 than those in America. Zooming in on some specific psychological processes, you could be what some psychologists call a“time 42”-that is,you tend to underestimate how long things will take. A related issue is procrastination.Getting to places on time means being able to stop what you're doing and prepare to 43 .Being a procrastinator might affect your ability to do that in a timely fashion. Another_44_reason that could contribute to your problem, at least in some contexts, is45 with particular routes-the walk to your local bus stop, for example, or across campus from your halls of residence to a lecture theatre. A fascinating study by psychologists at the University of Califomnia and University College London found that we tend to 46 the time it will take us to traverse（横越）highly familiar physical spaces. One final causal factor to consider is whether you are 47 to arrive early. Of course, it's very difficult to plan to arrive anywhere exactly on time, so being punctual usually means being early. You might not even 48 it at a conscious level, but perhaps you hate waiting around. If these reasons 49 you can begin to address them.One simple,powerful step you can take is to make a firm 50 not to just be on time, but to be early. Get into the habit of breaking down, in realistic detail,how long it'll take to get to where you need to be, then add on a generous buffer-say, 15minutes.The longer the journey, the longer you should make the buffer. If you hate the idea of51 ,think about how you'll spend all this extra waiting time-catch up with text messages, play online chess or get stuck into a language-learning app, for example. 37.A.consequences B.experiences C.associations D.scenery 38.A.deliberately B.routinely C.preferably D.ritually 39.A.introduced B.accepted C.raised D.trained 40.A.global B.cultural C.environmental D.natural 41.A.outgoing B.diligent C.patient D.tense 42.A.achiever B.professional C.wanderer D.optimist 43.A.abandon B.overturn C.depart D.deposit 44.A.general B.professional C.particular D.mental 45.A.association B.uniformity C.overfamiliarity D.similarity 46.A.assess B.overlook C.underestimate D.overstate 47.A.anxious B.reluctant C.determined D.thrilled 48.A.tackle B.detect C.justify D.neglect 49.A.resolve B.refer C.accumulate D.exist 50.A.appointment B.commitment C.statement D.transition 51.A.catching up B.holding out C.meeting up D.hanging around 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Section B (2'x8)16%5 Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Blake Mycoskie set up his first business, EZ Laundry, a door-to-door laundry service for students, when he was still in college. Having grown the company to service seven colleges in the southwestern US, he sold his share to his business partner and moved on to a media advertising business in Nashville. This he sold to Clear Channel, one of the industry's leading companies. Three more businesses later, still only 29 years old, and fæeling somewhat burned out, Mycoskie decided to give it a break for a while and head down to Argentina. But resting wasn't really in his nature, and it wasn't long before Mycoskie had hit upon an idea that would come to define him as a social entrepreneur （企业家）. On a visit to a village outside Buenos Aires, he was shocked to see that many children didn't have any shoes or， if they did， the shoes were badly worn. Since shoes， particularly the local farmers＇canvas（帆布）shoes,the alpargata, can be bought relatively cheaply in Argentina, Mycoskie's first instinct was to set up a charity to donate shoes to the children. But after giving it some thought, he realized that this was not a model that would work. One pair of shoes per child would not make that much difference, because they wear out.And if he asked people to donate repeatedly,sympathy for the cause might also wear out pretty quickly. Instead he came up with the idea of "TOMS: one-for-one shoes". He would take the canvas shoe to America,manufacture it and sell it as a high-end fashion item at around $50 a pair.For each pair he sold,he would donate another to shoeless village children, guaranteeing a continual supply. Also,rather than running a charity,something he had no real experience in, he could run the project as a business. Several years later,the business is booming, supplying shoes not only to children in Argentina but also other parts of the world where foot diseases are a problem. Mycoskie had no manufacturing experience and understood that he had to learn fast. For the first eighteen months, by his own admission, he made "a poor job of making shoes," but since then he has brought in help from experienced industry people. The vital element that Mycoskie added was his passion-a passion he wants others to share One criticism of initiatives like TOMS is that the money spent by customers might otherwise have gone directly to charities So Mycoskie encourages his customers to become more involved with TOMS by volunteering to hand-deliver the shoes to children in need. It's a giving experience and he hopes it might inspire some of the volunteers to develop similar projects. 52.Why did Blake Mycoske go to Argentina? A.To look for ideas. B.To be close to nature. C.To relax himself. D. To start his new business. 53. Blake Mycoskie gave up the idea of setting up a charity to donate shoes to the kids because A.he found it wasn't a long-term solution B.he found the shoes weren't good in quality C.he found people didn't show enough sympathy D. he found the kids didn't like the traditional shoes 54.How did Mycoskie respond to the criticism of the projects like TOMS? A.He inspired other similar projects. B.He donated more money to charity. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 C.He turned his customers into volunteers.6 D.He hand-delivered shoes to the kids by himself. 55.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A.The Future of Shoe Making B.A New Business Model C.An Experienced Entrepreneur D.The Shoe Giver (B) Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), a long-term psychological therapy, is a specific type of cognitive behavioral therapy which reduces post-traumatic stress disorder（创伤后应激障碍）symptoms after natural disasters. Typically, CPT is delivered over 12 sessions to help patients learn how to modify negative attitudes and practices related to their trauma. The goal is that the patient then creates a new, more positive view and understanding of the traumatic event, which reduces on-going negative effects on the patient's current life. It specifically focuses on the core trauma themes of safety, trust, power and control, etc. Delivered both individually and in structured group sessions, it allows for multiple different paths to receive effective treatments. In some studies, it has shown to be helpful in cases where medicine alone has not worked, because CPT' focuses on retraining thoughts and behaviors to form practical strategies that can be applied to everyday life. Compared to other talk-therapies, it has been especially successful,because it can be completed in a brief period of time, allowing for a lower patient dropout rate. It also enhances brain connectivity, which lessens long-term impacts of trauma. This increased connectivity is why cognitive behavioral therapy is often argued to be more effective than medicine. On the other hand, there are also multiple disadvantages to CPT. Due to its structured nature, it may not be suitable for people with more complex mental health needs or learning difficulties. Additionally,since it involves facing up to emotions and fears, patients may experience initial periods of additional anxiety or discomfort. Some therapists also argue that because it only addresses current problems and specific issues. It does not address possible fundamental causes of mental health conditions, and because it focuses on the individual's capacity to change themselves it does not address wider system problems that have a significant impact on a patient's health and well-being. However,focusing mainly on post-natural disasters, regardless of pre-disaster health,CPT has been repeatedly proven to be a rather successful treatment approach. Although there have not been studies generalizing CPT for children, it is an effective treatment for adults. The clear effectiveness of CPT demonstrates the importance of patient-specific therapies that are unique to the experiences of individual patients. 56.According to the passage, CPT is intended to help patients A.learn how to modify various negative attitudes and practices B cultivate a positive view and understanding of the traumatic events C.minimize on-going negative effects on their previous and current life D.focus on the core trauma themes of safety, trust, power,control,etc 57.Compared with other talk-therapies, what feature contributes to the effectiveness of CPT? A.Its multiple treating assignments. B.Its applicable strategies in daily life. C.Its higher treatment fulfillment. D.Its brain connectivity enhancement. 58.What can we infer from the last paragraph? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A. Post-disaster health is not taken into consideration in the CPT.7 B. CPT proves to be the most successful treatment approach so far. C.More researches might be conducted into the effectiveness of CPT in children. D.CPT addresses the fundamental causes of patients' mental health conditions. 59.What is the main idea of this passage? A.The application of Cognitive Processing Therapy. B.An introduction to a long-term psychological therapy. C.A breakthrough in the psychological medical field. D.The limitations of Cognitive Processing Therapy. Section C (2'x4)8% Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.There is a significant problem in corporate America today with foreign workers. B. In fact,many people are quite surprised at the level of informality in American businesses. C. Someone who avoids making small talk can be seen as unfriendly or not a team player. D. However, in reality, with a moderate amount of training, these high-performing individuals could be corporate leaders of tomorrow. E. It can also be impolite and even dangerous to openly express your opinion. F. But from the perspective of American culture, this more indirect style appears as if someone is “hiding" the truth. Despite the fact that American companies have been "global” for a very long time now, many people today inside companies still misunderstand cultural differences. They misperceive foreign-born workers, for example, as too “shy" or not “confident” enough.(60) In many cultures, it is just not appropriate to make small talk with someone you don't know, especially someone above you in the corporate level.(61) .For example, if you express your loyalty to a particular team without knowing that of your colleagues, you might put them in the uncomfortable position of having to either conceal their own preference or express something that conflicts with yours. So,you can imagine how challenging it can be for someone from a non-small talk culture to try to fit into a US corporate setting. In addition， the US is basically a “straight-shooter（坦率的人）”style culture，where it is culturally valued to tell it like it. But this isn't necessarily true worldwide. For example, in Japan, people prefer to communicate indirectly, especially when it comes to a sensitive topic. To avoid accidentally damaging a relationship, people approach problems through subtle hints or general statements. If someone were to directly state a problem, it would make them look ungraceful, immature, and untrustworthy.(62) Americans tend to be relatively informal in a business context. (63) Many cultures are quite formal, especially when interacting with superiors. In general, Indian culture, for example, is very formal. Indians typically greet their elders and superiors by title (Sir, Mr., Dr., Professor) and never by their first name. This is also the case at the university, where students act with extreme levels of respect towards their professors. The above discussion just hits the tip of the iceberg of the different cultural misinterpretations in 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 corporate America. For American employers to succeed in selecting, training, inspiring and keeping their top foreign-born talent, it is high time that they started taking account of these cultural differences in their leadership selection process.8 第二卷（25分） IV.Translation. (3+3+4+5=15%) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackels. 64．人工智能的引入使警方更容易辨认出嫌疑人。（identify） 65．孩子与父母交流越多，患抑郁症的可能越小。（suffer） 66．与普遍的看法相反，他们并不愿意采取主动去结束这场战争。（initiative） 67．直到屡次碰壁，他才意识到只有与他人合作，才能成功完成任务。（Not until） 68.Guided Writing (10%) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given helow in Chinese. 新学期新气象，学校为改善餐饮质量，提高学生营养水平，为同学们提供自助午餐。请你给校长写一封信，通过比较自助午餐与传统盒饭的利弊，向校长提出你的建议，并简要说明理由。 自助午餐：buffet lunch 盒饭：packed lunch 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上海市洋泾中学2024学年度第一学期 高二英语期中考试试卷 参考答案 1. Listening Comprehension 1-10 BCCAD CBCBA 11-16 DAA BBC 1. Grammar & Vocabulary 17. which 18. has decreased 19. themselves 20. what 21. sharing 22. conducted 23. less likely 24. as /though 25. against 26. it 27 – 36 CGADB HIKJE 1. Reading Comprehension 37 - 51 ABCBD DCCCC BBDBD 52 - 55 CACD 56 - 59 BCCB 60 – 63 DEFB IV. Translation: 64. 人工智能的引入使警方更容易辨认出嫌疑人。（identify） The introduction of AI makes it easier for the police to identify the suspect. 65. 孩子与父母交流越多，患抑郁症的可能越小。(likely) The more children communicate with their parents, the less likely they are to suffer from depression. 66. 与普遍的看法相反，他们并不愿意采取主动去结束这场战争。（initiative） Contrary to popular belief, they are unwilling to take the initiative to end the war. 67. 直到屡次碰壁，他才意识到只有与他人合作，才能成功完成任务。（Not until） Not until he got into trouble over and over/again and again did he realize that he couldn’t successfully accomplish/finish tasks unless he cooperated with others. 听力文字和答案 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: Next person, please. How can I help you? M: I just need to send this parcel to Japan the fastest way possible. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? (B) 2. W: How much should I pay? M: Well, I have painted the scratch on the front left door and adjusted the brakes so it would make 30 dollars for you. Q: What’s probably the man’s job? (C) 3. M: Have you heard the good news that the deadline of our book review has been extended to July 13th? W: Wonderful. I was worried that I couldn’t hand in my assignment before June 3rd. Q: When must the book review be handed in? (C) 4. W: Jerry, have you decided what optional courses you will take this semester? M: Classical music, British literature and popular science are my favorites, but considering my future career, business management is my choice. Q: What optional course will the man choose? (A) 5. W: I am going to the U.S. for travelling soon. I am wondering how much cash I should bring along. M: It is totally unnecessary to bring too much money with you. Besides, credit cards and online payment are quite common. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? (D) 6. W: I don’t think Professor Wang is available to attend our graduation ceremony on Friday afternoon. M: Actually he is. Yesterday he told me he will be present, for the lecture has been called off. Q: What will Professor Wang do on Friday afternoon? (C) 7. W: Congratulations, Jack! You’ve got the first prize in the robot contest! M: Oh, our hard work has paid off! Sam and I spent the whole summer vacation in the innovation laboratory. Q: What can be learned from the conversation? (B) 8. W: Do you know Peter has won the school’s speech contest? M: Wait… Are you talking about the Peter who is always too quiet to be noticed in class? Q: What does the man mean? (C) 9. W: So, I’ve got everybody gifts, coffee cups with the picture of the Sydney Opera House. M: Did you forget about us until you were at the airport? Q: What does the man imply? (B) 10. W: Did you take any pictures of the award ceremony yesterday? M: If only my cell phone hadn’t run out of battery. Q: What does the man imply? (A) Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked some questions on the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Denmark is once again distinguishing itself in the race against food waste—this time with WeFood, a store selling items once thrown into the trash bin. Those items might include anything near its expiration date — the date by which the food should be eaten. Those items can be eaten perfectly, but are considered unfit for sale by the retailers and manufacturers who donate them. WeFood is not the first store in Europe to sell this kind of food, but unlike so-called “social supermarkets”— stores which specially serve almost low-income people—WeFood’s offerings are very intentionally aimed at the general public. The goods in WeFood are priced 30 to 50 percent lower than those in regular stores. WeFood has already been a huge success. People have lined up before the store’s opening every morning since its launch. But is this food safe to eat? Well, the “sell by” date you see on many products actually refers to its freshness —not whether or not it’s going to do you any harm. In many cases food that’s beyond this date won’t be as fresh as it once was, but is still perfectly eatable. Of course you should still be careful to avoid eating food that’s gone bad. Denmark throws away about 700,000 tons of food every year, according to estimates. In fact, food waste is a major problem for the whole world. The cost of global food waste is about $1 trillion dollars a year. All of the store’s profits will go to charity work in developing nations. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 1. How does Denmark take the lead in the race against food waste? (D) 1. What are the target consumers of WeFood? (A) 1. How much is the food wasted in the world annually? (A) When we think of art, we normally picture something which can exist for centuries. But there has always been a type of art which doesn’t last. This is often referred to as temporary art. Sculptures which are made of snow or ice, paintings in coloured sand, chalk drawings done on public pavements: it’s not that these don’t have artistic value, but they are designed to disappear. Jorge Rodriguez-Gerada is a modern ‘temporary’ artist, and one who gets a lot of attention for his work. He uses groups of volunteers to help him, and his pieces take a long time to plan and create. But they are mostly talked about because the final results are so impressive. For the past few years, Jorge has been creating giant faces in empty spaces mostly in cities. To people on the ground, it looks like a garden is being created, and it is hard to see any kind of design in it. In fact, GPS mapping is used to set out the design. Then an army of workers use this master plan to create the image which the artist has planned. In 2014, the artist created an astonishing face on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. It covered an area of 25,000 square metres, and it was created because the mall was getting new gardens, and the land wasn’t going to be used for a while. The portrait was of a young man of mixed race, and was called Of the Many, One. The artist says that it showed one of the millions of faces that represent the American people. After a while, the sand and soil of the portrait were mixed together, and new lawns were planted in its place. The portrait has disappeared, but it will not easily be forgotten. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.Which does not belong to temporary art? (B) 1. What do we know about Jorge Rodriguez-Gerada? (B) 1. What is the passage mainly about? (C) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$