Unit 7 Seasons 知识点总结2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

8A Unit 7 Seasons 知识清单 一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit. 1.bring me my clothes 把我的衣服带给我 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带来给某人 2.I bet you’ll look cool and feel cool with nothing on ! 【结构：with + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补）】 我打赌你会看起来很酷，而且什么不穿你会感觉很凉爽。 ①bet 后常接(that) 宾语从句；bet → 过去式：bet; 现在分词：betting ②You look cool in this coat. = This coat looks cool on you. ③Goldfish sleep with eyes open. 3.It’s the best time to play football outside. 它是在外面踢足球的最好时节。 4.in summer 在夏季/天 5.enjoy ice cream 享受冰淇淋 【ice cream既是可数,又是不可数】 →an ice cream 一个冰淇淋 二、Reading 1.Winter days are full of snow. 冬日满天雪。 【be full of = be filled with 装满了.....】 2.fly far away飞向遥远的地方 3.find a warm and sunny day 找到一个温暖而又阳光明媚的天气 4. the days of spring 春天 5.be windy and bright 风和日丽 6.What a perfect time to fly a kite! 多好的放风筝的时节呀！ 7.play among the flowers 穿梭花丛中 8.hide from the April showers躲避四月的阵雨 9.those sweet memories of summer days 夏日的那些甜蜜回忆 10.quiet streams and trees and shade静静的溪流、树木和树荫处 11.lazy afternoons by a pool 水池边懒散的下午 12.Eating ice cream to feel cool. 吃着冰淇淋去解暑。 13.autumn leaves turn brown 秋天的树叶变成棕色 14.fall into piles upon the ground （树叶）成堆地落到地上 15.harvest crops收获庄稼 16.as the days are shorter 随着白天变短 【重点】as作连词时意为：随着.....，当.....时候。后接时间装语从句 Eg: ①As time goes by.... 随着时光流逝...... ② Father got home while/as/when I was watching TV. 当我在看电视时，爸爸回到了家。 17.It will be a new year once again. 新的一年重新开始。 18.rhyme with.... 和…押韵 19.brown leaves fall on the ground棕色的树叶落到地上 20.White snow covers the whole earth. （主动语态） 白雪覆盖了整个地球。 →The whole earth is covered with white snow. （被动语态） 整个地球被白雪覆盖了。 21.the temperature will drop below zero 温度将降到零度以下【drop下降→过云式：dropped】 ①drop to -3 degrees 降到零下三度 → rise to 30 degrees 升到30度 ②stay above zero 保持在零度才上 ③对温度提问：---What’s the temperature of today? ---It’s seven degrees below zero． ④drop 作名词: 滴; 降落 eg: a drop of water 一滴水 22.under the shade of trees 在树荫下 22.be busy harvesting crops 忙于收获庄稼 【重点句型】★be busy doing sth. = be busy with sth. 忙于做某事 三、Grammar 【语法】A. 动词与句子结构（英语中的五种基本句型）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： ①基本句型一： S ＋Ｖi （主＋谓） ②基本句型二： S＋Ｖt＋O （主＋谓＋宾） ③基本句型三： S＋LinkＶ＋ P （主＋谓＋表） ④基本句型四： S ＋Ｖt＋IO＋DO （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） ⑤基本句型五： S＋Ｖt＋DO＋OC （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） (1)基本句型一： Ｓ＋Ｖ（主＋谓） → Ｓ＋Ｖi （主＋谓） 此句型有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Ｓ（主语） Ｖi （不及物动词） 句意 1 The girls are singing in the music room. 那些女孩正在音乐教室唱歌。 2 The sun rises in the east. 太阳在东方升起。 3 The bus stopped. 公共汽车停了。 4 They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 ★常用的不及物动词（vi.)：stop, dance, sing ,look, listen, travel, arrive, run, swim, jump, rise, laugh, cry, fly, come, go, fall等。 (2)基本句型二: Ｓ＋Ｖ＋O（主＋谓＋宾） → Ｓ＋Ｖt＋DO（主＋谓＋宾） 此句型的共同点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思， 必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 Ｓ（主语） Ｖt （及物动词） O 句意 1 Tom knows the answer. 汤姆知道答案。 2 He is making a cake。 他正在做蛋糕。 3 He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。 4 I want to drink tea. 我想喝茶. 5 I think that Tom is right. 我认为汤姆是对的。 ★特殊情况：有的语法认为：主语+不及物的动词+ 介词+宾语可以构成主谓宾结构。 因为不及物动词+介词，相当于及物动词用法。 如： （1）I listen to you. (人称代词作宾语） （2）He looks at a dog. (名词作宾语） (3)基本句型 三： Ｓ＋Ｖ＋ Ｐ（主＋谓＋表） → Ｓ＋LinkＶ＋ Ｐ（主＋谓＋表） 此句型有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。 系动词分两类：一类表示情况如be, look, sound, smell, taste, stay, feel, keep, seem等；另一类，表示变化如get, grow, become, turn, get等。 be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 Ｓ（主语） LinkＶ （连系动词） P（表语） 句意 1 This is a book.（名词） 这是一本书。 2 The fish smells good.（形容词） 这鱼肉闻起来不错。 3 She seems unhappy. （形容词） 她似乎不开心。 4 Autumn leaves turn brown.（形容词） 秋天的树叶变成棕褐色。 5 My dream is to be a doctor.（不定式） 我的梦想是当一名医生。 ★本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成。系动词有: （1）表示特征和存在状态的： be, seem, feel, look, smell, taste, sound; （2）表示状态延续的： stay, keep （3）表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow (4)基本句型四: Ｓ ＋Ｖt ＋ IO ＋DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 此句型有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动的直接承受者（多指物），另一个是动作的间接承受者（多指人）。 Ｓ（主语） Ｖt （及物动词）） IO（间接宾语，常为人） DO（直接宾语，常为物） 1 Mother is making me a new dress. 2 He bought his son a new bike. 3 They offered us much help. 4 I am showing him my photos. 5 Jack tells us funny stories. ★当这一间接承受者放在直接承受者之后时，要用一个介词（for或to）来连接。可以用于这种句式动词主要有： (A) buy / build / catch / cut /choose / cook / find / get / keep / make / draw / do 【用for】 如：He bought me a new bike. 也可以改为for sb. 的句式 = He bought a new bike for me. (B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / read / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / hand 【用to】 如：She lent me a book. 也可以改为 to sb. 的句式 = She lent a book to me. (C) provide 【用for, with】: provide sb. with sth. = provide sth.for sb. 注意：当两宾语都为代词时，必须用介词把人放后面。Eg： Please give it to me. (5)基本句型五: S＋Ｖ＋DO＋OC → S＋Ｖt＋DO＋OC （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 此句型的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整，补足语说明宾语的状态或情况或动作由宾语去执行，宾语补足语可能是：形容词、名词、动词不定式或现在分词短语等。 Ｓ（主语） Ｖt （及物动词）） DO（直接宾语） OC(宾语补足语） 1 I find English easy. (形容词) 2 Tom often makes us happy. (形容词) 3 I think Kate a clever girl.(名词短语) 3 Tom often makes us laugh.(不定式) 4 He asked me to come back soon.(不定式) 5 We call her Xiao Li.(名词) 8 I saw them dancing. (现在分词短语) ★可以用于这种句式的动词主要有: (A)let / have / make sb. do sth.　　 (B)ask / want / tell / allow / wish / get / expect / encourage / invite / teach sb. to do sth. (C)find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel sb. do sth./sb. doing sth. (D)help sb. (to) do sth (E)find/keep/think/make/leave/wish + 宾语 + 形容词或名词性短语(作宾补) 【语法】B. 重点短语句型 1.fall from morning till night (雨)从早下到晚 【fall 倒下、掉下→ 过云式：fell】 2.kick the ball 踢球 3.catch a bad cold = have a bad cold 得了重感冒 4.have a high fever 发高烧 5.cough a lot 咳嗽厉害 6.It was an awful day! 这是多糟糕的一天啊！ 四、Integrated skills 1.listen to the weather report on the radio 在收音机上听天气报告 2.snowstorms from the north 来自北方的暴风雪 3.arrive in the late afternoon 午后晚些时候到达 4.drop to -10 ℃ 降到零下十度 【-10 ℃ 读作：ten degrees below zero或 minus ten degrees】 5.be mainly dry and sunny 以干燥和阳光为主 6.be around 9 ℃ during the day 白天期间大约9度 7.with temperature in the thirties （伴随）气温三十几度 【拓展】in one’s + 数词复数 → 在某人几十岁时 eg: in his 30s/thirties 在他三十几岁时 8.stay with us for the rest of the week 这周剩下的日子和我们待一起 9.daytime temperature around 18 or 19 degrees 白天的气温大约18或者19度 10.the highest (lowest) temperature 最高(底)气温 11.stay above zero 保持在零度以上 12.during this time of year 在每年的这个时节里 13.How is the weather in Nanjing?= What’s the weather like in Nanjing? 南京的天气如何？ 14.How are you doing? 你过的怎样？ 15.a strong snowstorm 一场强暴风雪 16.a bit cold = a little cold 一点冷 【回顾：a bit of milk = a little milk】 【区分】 ★在修饰形容词或副词时：a bit = a little ★在修饰不可数名词时：a bit of = a little 17.blow hard 猛烈地吹 【blow 吹→ 过云式：blew】 18.speak loud = speak loudly 大声说 【speak louder = speak more loudly】 注：【read aloud大声读】【loud 形容词或副词；aloud和loudly为副词】 Eg: Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 19.ring sb. (up) = call sb.(up) = phone sb. = telephone sb. = make a telephone call to sb. 给某人打电话 【ring→ 过云式：rang】 20.--- Sorry, I can’t hear you. ---That’s OK. 没关系。 用英语表达“没关系”的方式： (1). That's OK! 没关系！ (2). That's alright! 没关系！ (3). It's nothing! 没什麼！ (4). Never mind! 没关系！别放在心上！ (5). It doesn't matter! 没关系！ 21.比较：①It will be sunny in New York. ②There will be showers in Sydney. ★【区分】①It will be rainy(形）tomorrow. 【It will be + 形容词】 ②There will be rain（名）tomorrow. 【There will be + 名词】 五、Study skills 名词 + y构成形容词。 直接+y 直接+y cloud cloudy luck lucky wind windy health healthy rain rainy sleep sleepy（困倦的、想睡的） snow snowy sport sporty (爱好运动的) storm(暴风雨) stormy(有暴风雨的) frost(霜冻) frosty(有霜冻的) 双写最后辅音字母后+y 去掉不发音的e后+y sun sunny shine(光亮) shiny(闪闪发光的) fog foggy noise noisy fun funny ice icy(结冰的; 冰冷的) 重点短语句型： 1.cover their faces with scarves 用围巾捂/盖住脸 【注：scarf→复数：scarves或scarfs】 2.The high temperature makes people sleepy. 高温让人们昏昏欲睡。 3.the sudden heavy rain 那场突如其来的大雨【注：sudden形容词→副词：suddenly】 4.cause a lot of problems 引起许多问题 【重点】 ①cause 作动词：引起，使发生 →常与lead to 同义转化 ②cause 作名词：原因（与reason使用时有区别） ★Carelessness is the cause of his failure. 粗心是他失败的原因。 ★The reason for the flood was that heavy rain. 那场大雨是发生洪水的原因。 5.the best season of the year 一年中最好季节 6.have a short trip around the city 进行环城的短途旅游 7.on snowy days 在下雪的日子 六、Task 1.be covered in deep white snow 被深深的白雪覆盖 2. have (big) snowball fights 打雪仗 3.We throw snowballs at each other , screaming and laughing. 【现在分词短语作伴随状语】 我们互相扔雪球,（同时）伴随着尖叫声、大笑声。 【throw→ 过云式：threw】 ①throw snowballs at each other 互相扔雪球 【throw sth. at sb.朝某人仍某物】 ②screaming and laughing ★现在分词短语作伴随状语：表示此动作伴随其它动作同时发生。前在常有一个逗号。 Eg: The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand. 老师走进教室的同时，伴随着另一动作：手里拿着一本书。 =The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand. 4.make a snowman / make snowmen 堆雪人【注：snowman合成词→复数：snowmen】 5.use carrots for their noses 用胡萝卜做鼻子 【★use sth. for sth.】 【重点】★use sth. to do sth. = use sth. for doing sth. Eg: We use the key to open the door. = We use the key for opening the door. = We open the door with the key. 6.the Ice Festival 冰雪节 单项选择 1. —If I can’t pass the test, can I do it again for ________ better result? —OK, I agree. You can do it for ________ second time. A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——如果我不能通过测试，我能再做一次以获得更好的结果吗？——好的，我同意。你可以再做一次。 考查不定冠词的用法。第一空表示泛指，表示“一个更好的结果”，且better的发音是辅音音素开头，可知用不定冠词a；第二个空表示“再一次”，在英语中表示“再几，又几”用“a+序数词+名词”，a second time再一次。故选C。 2. Read the poem Fishing in Snow by Liu Zongyuan. It is about ________. Fishing in Snow Liu Zongyuan From hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight. A lonely fisherman afloat is fishing snow in lonely boat. A. sights B. geography C. festivals D. history 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：读柳宗元的诗《江雪》，它是关于风景的。 考查常识和名词辨析。sights风景；geography地理；festivals节日；history历史。根据古诗文“千山鸟飞绝，万径人踪灭。孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。”可知，是描写风景的，出现了hill、path、fisherman、snow、boat等景物。故选A。 3. I think the children in kindergarten (幼儿园) are too young to sit ________ a 45 minute class. A. across B. through C. among D. past 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我认为幼儿园的孩子太小了，不能坐着上45分钟的课。 考查介词。across穿过（横穿，空间上）；through穿过（从中间，时间和空间）；among在中间（三个及以上的中间）；past经过（从旁边）。根据句意，是指时间上从头坐到尾，故选B。 4. —Do the apples on the table taste different from those in the box? —No. The change in the taste may be very ________. I can’t notice it. A. awful B. great C. serious D. slight 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——桌上的苹果尝起来和箱子里那些的尝起来不同吗？——不。味道的变化可能非常小，我没注意到。 考查形容词辨析。awful可怕的；great极好的；serious严肃的；slight轻微的。根据“I can’t notice it.”可知，变化很小，我没有察觉到。故选D。 5. —Why would you like to recommend Henry for this year’s Best Student Award, Amy? —Because he is a straight A student. ________, he is kind hearted and helpful. A. Otherwise B. However C. Moreover D. Instead 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——艾米，你为什么要推荐亨利获得今年的最佳学生奖？——因为他是个优等生。此外，他心地善良，乐于助人。 考查副词辨析。Otherwise否则；However然而；Moreover而且、此外；Instead代替。根据“Because he is a straight A student…, he is kind hearted and helpful.”可知，后句是对前句的补充说明，moreover多为补充说明，补充未说完的话，前面所说的及后面所补充的是并列关系，moreover符合题意。故选C。 6. —I am so thirsty, Andy. Do you have anything to drink? —Sorry, Sam. I wish I could offer you some drinks, but there is ________ in the fridge. A. nothing B. a little C. some D. none 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我很渴，安迪，你有什么喝的吗？——对不起，山姆。我希望我能给你一些喝的东西，但是冰箱里没有了。 考查不定代词。nothing没什么东西；a little一点儿；some一些；none没有一个。根据“Sorry, Sam. I wish I could offer you some drinks, but there is ... in the fridge.”可知，想给对方提供一些喝的东西，但是没有了，此处表示数量上的“没有一个”，用none。故选D。 7. —________ is the weight of your schoolbag now, Lily? —Thanks to the “Double Reduction Policy”, it’s much lighter than before. A. How much B. What C. How heavy D. How many 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你的书包现在有多重？——多亏了“双减政策”，它比以前轻多了。 考查特殊疑问句。How much多少（钱）；What什么；How heavy多重；How many多少。根据“it’s much lighter than before”可知，此处询问重量，“What is the weight of sth”是询问某物重量的固定句型，故选B。 8. —Nowadays many young people like to order take out, so they ________ spend time cooking. —I don’t think it’s good for health. I often cook at home. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——现在很多年轻人喜欢叫外卖，所以他们不需要花时间做饭。——我不认为它对健康有好处。我经常在家做饭。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t不允许；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。根据“Nowadays many young people like to order take out, so they … spend time cooking.”可知，叫了外卖就不必花时间做饭了，故选D。 9. “Never be afraid of facing difficulties ________ you are so young. Be brave and have a try. Please remember kites rise highest against the wind, not with it.” Miss Li told little Jimmy. A. if B. and C. since D. till 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：“不要害怕面对困难，因为你还年轻。勇敢一点，尝试一下。请记住，风筝是逆风而上，而不是顺风而行” 。李女士告诉小吉米。 考查连词。if如果；and并且；since因为，由于，既然；till直到。根据“Never be afraid of facing difficulties...you are so young”可知，指的是因为你还年轻，所以不要害怕困难。前后句是因果关系，故since符合语境。故选C。 10. —Sadly, the villagers’ houses ________ in the terrible earthquake last night. —Don’t worry. Our government will put up hundreds of tents for them to live in today. A. turned down B. put down C. broke down D. came down 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——不幸的是，村民们的房子在昨晚可怕的地震中倒塌了。——不要担心。我们的政府今天将为他们搭建数百个帐篷。 考查动词短语辨析。turned down拒绝；put down放下；broke down出故障；came down倒塌。根据“the villagers’ houses…in the terrible earthquake”和“put up hundreds of tents”可知，此处是指房子在地震中倒塌了。故选D。 11. ________ I ________ my brother does well in physics. So we often help others with the physics problems. A. Not; but B. Both; and C. /; or D. Not only; but also 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：不仅我而且我哥哥的物理也学得很好。所以我们经常帮助别人解决物理问题。 考查连词辨析。Not…but…不是……而是……；Both…and…两者都；or或者；Not only…but also…不但……而且……。根据“So we often help others with the physics problems.”可知，此处指两者的物理都学得很好；根据“does”可知，此处使用not only...but also...，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语“my brother”保持一致。故选D。 12. —I hear the film Johnny Keep Walking (《年会不能停》) is very exciting. —Exactly. I saw it yesterday. It’s really hard to find ________ film, I think. A. a less interesting B. the least interesting C. a more interesting D. the most interesting 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我听说电影《年会不能停》非常令人兴奋。——确实，我昨天看了。我想，真的很难找到一部更有趣的电影。 考查形容词比较级。less少的；the least最少；more更多；the most最多。根据答语“Exactly”可知，此处表示这部电影很有趣；根据“It’s really hard to find…film, I think.”可知很难找到更有趣的。故选C。 13. —Madam, please don’t sit in this area for kids. Look at the sign. —Oh, I’m so sorry, sir. I ________ it. I will leave right now. A. didn’t notice B. won’t notice C. wasn’t noticing D. don’t notice 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——女士，请不要坐在孩子们的这个区域。看这个标志。——哦，对不起，先生，我没注意到。我现在就走。 考查一般过去时。根据“I will leave right now.”可知现在已经意识到不能坐在这里，但在回复这句话之前没有注意到，所以用一般过去时，实义动词的一般过去时否定句是didn’t+动词原形。故选A。 14. Alice became interested in sports at a very young age. She is crazy about all kinds of balls and has a big collection of them at home. Volleyball is her favourite. She does sports every morning and every night. The information above is mainly about ________ A. when Alice does sports B. how much Alice loves sports C. what Alice’s favourite ball is D. why Alice likes collecting balls 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：爱丽丝很小的时候就对体育产生了兴趣。她对各种各样的球都很着迷，家里收藏了很多。排球是她的最爱。她每天早晚都做运动。以上信息主要是关于爱丽丝有多喜欢运动。 考查主旨大意。when Alice does sports爱丽丝什么时候做运动；how much Alice loves sports爱丽丝有多喜欢运动；what Alice’s favourite ball is爱丽丝最喜欢的球是什么；why Alice likes collecting balls为什么爱丽丝喜欢收集球。根据“She is crazy about all kinds of balls and has a big collection of them at home. Volleyball is her favourite. She does sports every morning and every night.”可知，本小段主要介绍了爱丽丝多么喜爱运动，故选B。 15. —Congratulations! You’ve won the writing competition. —Oh, thank you. ________, I am worrying about it these days. A. That’s all right B. To be honest C. Sounds great D. I’d love to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——恭喜你！你赢得了写作比赛。 ——哦，谢谢。老实说，这些天我很担心这件事。 考查情景交际。That’s all right不要紧，没关系；To be honest说实话；Sounds great听起来不错；I’d love to我很乐意。根据“I am worrying about it these days.”可知，此处说出自己内心的真实感受。故选B。 完形填空 For his honesty, former Mexican President (总统), Vicente Fox, was loved by the people. It was the ____16____ that made him a president from a salesman. Once, Fox was ____17____ to give a talk in a college. A student asked him, “Have you lied in your life?” Fox said, “____18____.” The students whispered, but Fox wasn’t ____19____. He said, “Maybe it is hard to prove (证明) that I’m honest all the time, but you should believe that honesty is always around us. Let me tell you a story that ____20____ a lot to me.” There was a father. One morning, he thought the pavilion (亭子) in the garden was much too old, ____21____ he decided to have it removed (移除). His son was so interested in it that he said to his father, “Daddy, I want to see ____22____ you have it removed. Would you please not remove it ____23____ I come back from school?” His father agreed. However, soon after the boy ____24____, the workers removed the pavilion right away. As soon as _____25_____ was over, the boy returned and saw what happened. He said to his father, “Dad, you _____26_____ to me. You agreed that you would wait until I came back.” His father was surprised and apologized honestly, “Sorry, honey, but I _____27_____ it. I should be a man of my word.” The father had the workers _____28_____ a new pavilion in the size of the old one. Then he called in his son and asked the workers to remove it in the same way. I know the father, and he was in front of the _____29_____ to keep his promise(诺言). Hearing this, the students asked, “Who’s the father?” Fox said, “He has died, but his son is still alive.” “Where’s his son? He must be an honest man.” Fox said calmly, “His son is now standing here. Yes, it’s me. I’d like to treat this country and everyone just as my father treated me.” Building and removing a pavilion _____30_____ can help meet a boy’s wish. It is also the moral duty of an adult’s self-improvement. 16. A. ability B. personality C. activity D. hobby 17. A. taught B. made C. told D. invited 18. A. Usually B. Seldom C. Sometimes D. Never 19. A. patient B. happy C. angry D. interested 20. A. saves B. means C. takes D. leads 21. A. so B. for C. but D. or 22. A. how B. what time C. where D. why 23. A. after B. when C. before D. if 24. A. left B. came C. slept D. hid 25. A. game B. meeting C. school D. time 26. A. lied B. smiled C. showed D. got 27. A. remembered B. believed C. forgot D. understood 28. A. draw B. build C. paint D. pull 29. A. students B. worker C. daughter D. son 30. A. once B. twice C. three times D. four times 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了福克斯的父亲重建亭子并二次拆除的故事，告诉我们做人要信守诺言。 【16题详解】 句意：正是这种品格使他从一个推销员变成了总统。 ability能力；personality品格；activity活动；hobby爱好。根据下文“Maybe it is hard to prove that I’m honest all the time, but you should believe that honesty is always around us.”可知，此处是指福克斯诚实的品德品行。故选B。 【17题详解】 句意：有一次，福克斯应邀到一所大学演讲。 taught教授；made制造；told告诉；invited邀请。根据上文“former Mexican President, Vicente Fox, was loved by the people.”可知，此处是指一所大学邀请福克斯去演讲。故选D。 【18题详解】 句意：福克斯说：“从来没有。” Usually通常地；Seldom很少；Sometimes有时；Never从来不。根据“Maybe it is hard to prove that I’m honest all the time…”可知，此处是指福克斯从来没有撒谎。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意：学生们窃窃私语，但福克斯并不生气。 patient耐心的；happy开心的；angry生气的；interested感兴趣的。根据“The students whispered, but Fox …”可在，此处是指学生在下面小声议论，但是福克斯并没有生气。故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：让我告诉你一个对我来说意义重大的故事。 saves救助；means意味着；takes花费；leads领导。根据下文“His son is now standing here. Yes, it’s me. I’d like to treat this country and everyone just as my father treated me.”可知，所讲述的故事对福克斯意义重大，对他的人格影响深远。故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：一天早上，他觉得花园里的亭子太旧了，于是决定把它拆除。 so所以；for为了；but但是；or或者。根据“he thought the pavilion in the garden was much too old, …he decided to have it removed.”可知，前后两句存在因果关系，前句是因，后句是果，应用so来引导句子。故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：爸爸，我想看看你是怎么把它拆掉的。 how怎样；what time什么时候；where在哪里；why为什么。根据下文“Then he called in his son and asked the workers to remove it in the same way.”可知，此处是指福克斯是想看看亭子是如何被拆除的。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：在我放学回来之前，你能不能不要把它拆掉？ after在……之后；when何时；before在……之前；if如果。根据下文“You agreed that you would wait until I came back.”可知，此处是指在福克斯放学回家之前不要拆除亭子。故选C。 24题详解】 句意：然而，在男孩离开后不久，工人们立即拆除了亭子。 left离开；came来到；slept睡觉；hid隐藏。根据下文“the boy returned and saw what happened.”可知，此处是指福克斯离开家去上学。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：学校一放学，男孩就回来看到发生了什么事。 game游戏；meeting会议；school学校；time时间。根据上文“Would you please not remove it…I come back from school?”可知，此处是指放学了。故选C。 【26题详解】 句意：爸，你骗了我。 lied撒谎；smiled微笑；showed显示；got得到。根据下文“His father was surprised and apologized honestly,”可知，父亲食言了，对儿子撒谎了。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：对不起，亲爱的，我忘了。 remembered记得；believed相信；forgot忘记；understood理解。根据语境可知，父亲先是答应了儿子等儿子放学后再拆除亭子，可是孩子刚上学，亭子就被拆除了；据此可以推断，父亲忘记了对儿子的承诺。故选C。 【28题详解】 句意：父亲让工人们建造一个和旧亭子一样大的新亭子。 draw绘画；build建造；paint上油漆；pull拉。根据下文“Then he called in his son and asked the workers to remove it in the same way.”可知，此处是指父亲让工人建造了一个新亭子。故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：我认识那个父亲，他在儿子面前履行了他的诺言。 students学生；worker工人；daughter女儿；son儿子。根据上文“Then he called in his son and asked the workers to remove it in the same way.”可知，此处是指父亲在儿子面前履行了诺言。故选D。 【30题详解】 句意：建造和拆除一个亭子两次可以帮助满足一个男孩的愿望。 once一次；twice两次；three times三次；four times四次。根据上文“The father had the workers…a new pavilion in the size of the old one. Then he called in his son and asked the workers to remove it in the same way.”可知，福克斯放学之前旧亭子已经被拆除了，为了遵守诺言，让福克斯看到拆除的过程，父亲又让人重建了亭子，接着又把新建的亭子拆除了，所以此处是指两次拆建亭子。故选B。 阅读理解 A Do you know the meaning of “experience economy” (体验经济)? It refers to (指) a big change in consumer behavior (消费行为) from buying things to doing things. This kind of economy is becoming popular. The growing size of experience economy follows the growing number of millennials (people born between the early 1980s and the late 1990s). According to a report, 72% of millennials like to spend money on experiences better. To them, living a happy life is less about buying material things, but more about getting memories through experiences. Let’s see the experience economy around us. Holiday travels Places of interest around the world are trying to offer the most special and exciting experiences. Travellers have more and more choices when looking for an unforgettable holiday. For example, they can go on a hot-air balloon ride or swim with dolphins. Besides, they also learn about the culture and daily life of local people through travelling. Theme restaurants (主题餐厅) In theme restaurants, people can have their meals in a certain environment around one theme, such as underwater worlds or fairy tales. In some theme restaurants, people also enjoy shows during the meal. They can be part of the show instead of just tasting food at the table. Pop-up shops (快闪店) Pop-up shops often come hand in hand with cultural events such as music festivals or art shows. They open for a short time with a theme close to the cultural events. They sell specially designed things and hold colourful activities. Shoppers can get a special shopping experience and join in the activities for fun. 31. Which of the following is the fact about the experience economy? A. 72% of people like to spend money on experiences. B. People will spend more in buying things than doing things. C. People can go on a hot-air balloon ride in the theme restaurants. D. People can take part in colourful activities for fun in pop-up shops. 32. What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Pop-up shops. B. Music festivals. C. Cultural events. D. Art shows. 33. Where can we find the passage? A. In an advertisement. B. In a newspaper. C. In a story book. D. In a shopping guide book. 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了体验经济。随着千禧一代数量的增加，体验经济的规模也在不断扩大；大部分千禧一代喜欢把钱花在更好的体验上，对他们来说，幸福的生活不在于购买物质上的东西，而在于通过经历获得记忆。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Pop-up shops often come hand in hand with cultural events such as music festivals or art shows…They sell specially designed things and hold colorful activities. Shoppers can get a special shopping experience and join in the activities for fun.”可知，快闪店会举办丰富多彩的活动，购物者可以获得特别的购物体验，并参加有趣的活动。故选D。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“…open for a short time with a theme close to the cultural events.”可推断，此处是指快闪店开放时间短，句中“They”指代上文中的“Pop-up shoes”。故选A。 33题详解】 推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了体验经济，据此可以推断我们能在报纸的经济版块看到这篇文章。故选B。 B More than ten years after winning the Nobel Prize for Literature, Mo Yan has crossed another milestone in his career since he published (出版) his new play Crocodile (《鳄鱼》) in June of 2023. The play centers around the main character, Shan Wudan. Shan gets a crocodile as one of the gifts for his birthday. Over the next ten years, all kinds of people come to him. Shan keeps changing the crocodile’s fish tank (鱼缸) into a bigger one. This gives the crocodile more space to grow. In the end, it grows to four meters long. “The crocodile is a sign of human desire (欲望) and the complexity (复杂) of human nature,” said Mo Yan “Desire makes everything beautiful, but it also makes the evil that can break all things,” he wrote in the play. Before his Nobel award in 2012, Mo was best known for his novel Red Sorghum, a novel set in 1939 during China’s war against the invading Japanese. In 1987, Zhang Yimou turned the novel into a film. It won the Golden Bear at the Berlin film festival and was the first Chinese movie that won such a big award. The 68-year-old writer has always loved drama. He found a lot of joy in the art of play writing. His first work was not a novel, but an unpublished play called Divorce. Before Crocodile, Mo had published a number of other plays. Two famous ones are Our Assassin Jing Ke and Farewell My Concubine. These two have been staged (上演) more than 100 times at home and abroad. We are looking forward to the staging of Crocodile! 34. What do we know about Shan Wudan? A. He is the main character of Red Sorghum. B. He takes good care of the crocodile. C. He buys two fish tanks over the 10 years. D. He gets only one gift for his birthday. 35 What does the underlined word “evil” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Something bad. B. Something special. C. Something beautiful. D. Something interesting. 36. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Mo Yan’s unpublished plays. B. Mo Yan’s love for play writing. C. The staging of the new play Crocodile. D. People’s love for Mo Yan’s new play. 37. Aecording to the passage, we can infer (推断) that ________. A. Crocodile has been staged many times B. Red Sorghum was Mo Yan’s first work C. Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for his plays D. Mo Yan’s plays are popular among many people 【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了莫言的新作《鳄鱼》以及这部新作品的意义。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Shan gets a crocodile as one of the gifts for his birthday.”和“ Shan keeps changing the crocodile’s fish tank (鱼缸) into a bigger one. This gives the crocodile more space to grow.”可知，Shan Wudan把鳄鱼照顾得很好。故选B。 【35题详解】 词意猜测题。根据“Desire makes everything beautiful, but it also makes the evil that can break all things”可知，欲望会滋生evil，且evil会破坏一切，由此推测evil指的是不好的东西。故选A。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The 68-year-old writer has always loved drama. He found a lot of joy in the art of play writing”可知，本段主要介绍莫言对剧本创作的热爱。故选B。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据“These two have been staged (上演) more than 100 times at home and abroad.”可知，莫言的戏剧在国内外上演了100多场，故大家很喜欢他的戏剧。故选D。 C All living things on Earth need water to live, so water is very important. In fact, the water on Earth is moving around all the time. The water cycle (循环) is a natural course that takes water from the ground and the sky and brings it back to Earth again. This course allows water to move from one part of Earth to another. It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active in summer at the mouth of the Yangtze River. In this article, we will explore (探索) the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth. The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). When it’s hot outside, you can see clouds forming in the sky. These clouds are made of water vapour that comes from the ground, plants and rivers. As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds. After that, clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally return s to Earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow. The water cycle plays an important part in protecting our Earth’s climate (气候). It keeps our climate healthy. On top of that, it takes water from rivers and oceans and brings it to the areas that don’t have enough water. Without the cycle, we would face many problems. When there is too much water in one place, it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need, it becomes a drought (旱灾). Besides, water vapour can take heat from the sun and keep our Earth cool. The water cycle is also an important natural course that keeps our planet alive because it’s important for plants and animals to drink water and for our rivers to stay flowing with water. Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our planet works and develop better ways to protect our Earth. And that is a duty we should take on. 38. The water cycle might be most active in ________ at the mouth of the Yangtze River A. January B. April C. July D. December 39. Which facts of the following are, true according to the passage? ① Water vapour can keep our Earth warm. ②Water returns to Earth in only one form. ③Water vapour becomes clouds when it cools down. ④ There may be some disasters without water vapour. A. ③④ B. ②③ C. ①② D. ①④ 40. What’s the structure of this passage? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. 41. In the last paragraph, the writer wants us to ________. A. save water B. protect our Earth C. get close to nature D. protect plants and animals 【答案】38. C 39. A 40. C 41. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了水循环的定义，水循环在保护地球气候和使我们的星球保持活力方面起着重要作用。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It is a cycle that happens the whole year and is most active in summer at the mouth of the Yangtze River”可知，这是一个全年都会发生的循环，并且在长江口的夏天最活跃。结合选项可知，July“七月”属于夏天，符合题意。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“As water vapour rises into the sky, it cools down and becomes clouds.”可知，当水蒸气上升到天空中时，它会冷却并变成云。也就是说，水蒸气冷却后变成云。根据第三段“When there is too much water in one place, it becomes a flood. When water is badly in need, it becomes a drought (旱灾).”可知，当一个地方的水太多时，就会变成洪水。当急需水的时候，就会变成干旱。也就是说，如果没有水蒸气，可能会发生一些灾难。A选项里的两点描述正确。故选A。 【40题详解】 篇章结构题。根据第一段“In this article, we will explore (探索) the water cycle and discuss its importance for Earth.”可知，第1段主要介绍水循环的定义，并要探讨它对地球的重要性。根据第二段“The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽)…Then, water runs through rivers and oceans and finally return s to Earth again in different forms like rainwater or snow.”可知，第2段主要讲述水变成雨雪的循环过程。根据第三段“The water cycle plays an important part in protecting our Earth’s climate (气候).”可知，第3段主要讲述水循环在保护地球的气候方面的作用。根据第四段“The water cycle is also an important natural course that keeps our planet alive…And that is a duty we should take on.”可知，第4段主要讲述水循环使我们的星球保持活力，我们应当保护地球。可见，第1段是总述水循环。2-4段详细介绍水循环的过程一起水循环对地球的重要性。所以选项C的篇章结构是对的。故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Understanding the water cycle can help us enjoy the beauty of nature, know how our planet works and develop better ways to protect our Earth. And that is a duty we should take on.”可知，了解水循环可以帮助我们欣赏大自然的美丽。了解我们的星球是如何运作的，并制定更好的方法来保护我们的地球。这是我们应该承担的责任。可见，在最后一段里，作者是想让我们保护地球。故选B。 D “Eco-mermaid” Merle Liivand broke her own world record for swimming with a single fin (鳍) on May 7, 2022. She swam as long as a full marathon in the rough (波涛汹涌的) waters of Biscayne Bay, Florida. She even picked rubbish out of the water as she swam. Ms Liivand was born in Estonia. As a child, she had health problems, and began swimming to make herself stronger. She was soon taking part in open water swimming competitions, sometimes even in cold water. Years ago, Ms Liivand moved to Miami, Florida, where she went on swimming in the sea. In one training class, she nearly swallowed (吞) some plastic on the sea. It made her think of the sea animals that faced similar (相似的) problems every day. She decided to work to make people know more about plastic pollution (塑料污染), which she called a “plastic pandemic”. Thinking about sea animals gave her the idea of swimming like one. She began swimming with a special single swimming fin with both of her feet in it. This rubbery fin allowed her to swim by kicking both of her legs together. “Swimming with the rubbery fin without using my arms is similar to how dolphins and other sea animals swim,” said Ms Liivand. She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin “sent a bigger message”. The water was rough, and she ran into a few problems, but she didn’t stop. She said, “I kept telling myself that it was not the time to cry.” To keep her energy up a friend followed her in a kayak (皮划艇) and gave her food and water from time to time. Along the way, Ms Liivand picked up all the rubbish she found and put it in the kayak. By the end of her marathon, the kayak had held three bags full of rubbish. 42. What idea did Merle Liivand have when thinking about sea animals? A. Picking up rubbish in the sea. B. Swimming like a sea animal. C. Breaking her own world record. D. Taking part in swimming competitions. 43. What did Liivand think of swimming with a rubbery fin? A. It helped her swim much faster. B. It made her swim more slowly. C. It could cause fish to follow her. D. It showed an important message. 44. How was Liivand’s swimming according to Paragraph 6? A. Important. B. Interesting. C. Difficult. D. Exciting. 45. What’s the best title for the passage? A. The fastest swimmer from Estonia B. Swimming—a good way of keeping healthy C. Merle Liivand’s special swimming rubbery fin D. Merle Liivand’s swimming to fight plastic pollution 【答案】42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“生态美人鱼”Merle Liivand在游泳马拉松过程中捡垃圾的事迹。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Thinking about sea animals gave her the idea of swimming like one.”可知，想到海洋动物，她产生了像海洋动物一样游泳的想法。故选B。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin ‘sent a bigger message’”可知，她认为，用橡胶鳍游泳“传达了更重要的信息”。故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“The water was rough, and she ran into a few problems, but she didn’t stop.”可知，水很汹涌，她遇到了一些问题，但她没有停下来。由此可知Liivand的游泳是困难的。故选C。 【45题详解】 最佳标题题。通过文章可知，本文主要讲述了“生态美人鱼”Merle Liivand在游泳马拉松过程中捡垃圾的事迹，所以“Merle Liivand游泳对抗塑料污染”是最佳标题。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$