精品解析：2025届河南省豫西北教研联盟（许洛平）高三一模英语试题

豫西北教研联盟 (许洛平) 2024——2025学年 高三第一次质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时。选出每小题答案后，用销笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman late for the meeting? A. She wrote a report. B. She met her teacher. C. She went to the library. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. At home. B. At a store. C. At a hotel. 3. How much is a ticket for the Shakespearian play tonight? A. $20. B. $30. C. $40. 4. Why does the woman call the man? A. To deliver a message. B. To make a complaint. C. To inquire about a street. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to use the Internet. B. How to find gyms. C. How to talk with parents. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How many books has the woman read? A. 5. B. 8. C. 10. 7. Which book is the woman reading currently? A. Wuthering Heights. B. The Sun Moo Rises. C. The Old Man and the Sea. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man probably doing? A. Hosting a TV program. B. Chairing a club meeting. C. Participating in a debate. 9. What does the woman do for a living now? A. She repairs boats. B. She rents out boats. C. She builds fishing boats. 10. How does the woman sound? A. Satisfied with her life. B. Worried about the future. C. Excited about new things. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How was last term’s art festival? A. It was boring. B. It was average. C. It was popular. 12. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Create a poster. B. Hold a discussion. C. Enter a competition. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Employer and employee. C. Teacher and student. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the woman say about the charity? A. It met many difficulties. B. It was founded a decade ago. C. It’s the largest charity in town. 15. What has winning the award helped the charity do? A. Promote the charity. B. Bring in more members. C. Run an educational project. 16. What is the biggest threat to the dolphins from oil exploration? A. Horrible smells. B. Water pollution. C. Underwater noise. 17. Why did the charity give up moving the dolphin base? A. Because of technology. B. Because of money. C. Because of time. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. College students. B. Local artists. C. Museum staff. 19. What can all of the volunteers do in the museum? A. Guide the tourists. B. Help with research. C. Host a meeting. 20. What is the speaker introducing at the end of the talk? A. A new exhibition. B. Requirements for volunteers. C. The history of the museum. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you dreaming of overcoming Mount Kilimanjaro, but not sure which route to take? Here’s an overview of four Kilimanjaro routes for you. Marangu Route The Marangu Route, also known as the “Coca-Cola Route”, is distinguished by its cottage accommodations and is a popular choice for climbers aiming to reach the top of Kilimanjaro. Providing a more comfortable option compared to camping, these simple cottages offer basic facilities and can be a welcoming sight after a day of challenging hiking. Machame Route The Machame Route, often referred to as the “Whiskey Route”, is famous for its splendid landscapes and challenging summit (顶峰) night that tests climbers’determination and tolerance. The night before the summit push, is a laborious test, characterized by sharp, rocky terrain (地形) and freezing temperatures, where climbers rely on their mental strength and physical preparedness to overcome the final barriers to Uhuru Peak. Lemosho Route The Lemosho Route offers breathtaking scenic views and owns one of the highest summit success rates among the Kilimanjaro routes, making it a favorite among climbers. What sets the Lemosho Route apart is its gradual ascent (上升) profile, allowing climbers to accustom effectively and increase their chances of reaching the summit successfully. Rongai Route The Rongai Rout e provides a quiet hiking experience, allowing climbers to adapt gradually while impressing themselves with the untouched wilderness of Kilimanjaro’s northern side. Adaptation becomes more manageable due to the route’s gentle ascent, allowing climbers to adjust to the increasing height comfortably. The unique advantage of this path is its relatively lower traffic, providing a peaceful experience in harmony with nature’s patterns. 1. What makes Marangu Route special? A. The accommodations. B. The free Coca-Cola. C. The camping sight. D. The challenging hiking. 2. What is most required when you choose Machame Route? A. Climbing equipment. B. Help of Whiskey. C. Teamwork of climbers. D. Strong willpower. 3. What do the last two routes have in common? A. They have lower traffic. B. They offer vast wilderness. C. They are easier to adapt to. D. They are planned for the old. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍攀爬乞力马扎罗山的四条路线。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由Marangu Route中“The Marangu Route, also known as the‘Coca-Cola Route’, is distinguished by its cottage accommodations and is a popular choice for climbers aiming to reach the top of Kilimanjaro.(The Marangu 路线也被称为‘可口可乐路线’，以其小屋住宿而闻名，是攀登乞力马扎罗山山顶的登山者的热门选择。)”可知，Marangu Route以住宿而闻名。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。由Machame Route中“The night before the summit push, is a laborious test, characterized by sharp, rocky terrain (地形) and freezing temperatures, where climbers rely on their mental strength and physical preparedness to overcome the final barriers to Uhuru Peak.(登顶前一晚是一个艰苦的考验，其特征是陡峭的岩石地形和冰冷的气温，登山者依靠他们的精神力量和身体准备来克服通往Uhuru Peak的最后障碍。)”可知，选择Machame路线需要拥有坚强的意志力。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由Lemosho Route中“What sets the Lemosho Route apart is its gradual ascent (上升) profile, allowing climbers to accustom effectively and increase their chances of reaching the summit successfully.(The Lemosho 路线的独特之处在于其渐进的上升路线，使登山者能够有效地适应并增加成功到达山顶的机会。)”和Rongai Route中“Adaptation becomes more manageable due to the route’s gentle ascent, allowing climbers to adjust to the increasing height comfortably. (由于路线的平缓上升，适应变得更加容易管理，使登山者能够舒适地适应不断增加的高度。)”可知，这两条路线都很容易适应。故选C项。 B For people who never complain about the tough conditions, ideal jobs have come up. A heritage (遗产) charity is advertising jobs at the bottom of the world. Based in Antarctica, just 9,000 miles from the UK, successful applicants will have to adapt to near-constant daylight, subzero temperatures and no running water. But what incredible upsides: penguins (企鹅), breathtaking landscapes and the chance to support conservation efforts in one of the most remote corners of the planet. The UK Antaretic Heritage Trust said it was seeking “passionate adventurers ready to take on the challenge of a lifetime” in jobs that included managing a museum post office and gift shop as well as conducting penguin counts. Those selected will live and work at Base A at Port Lockroy on Goudier Island, which is about the size of a football field. Bridie Martin West, a 33-year-old midwife, is the current base leader. On a video call from Port Lockroy, she described the ups and downs of life on the base, where everyone shares a small room. “We are getting towards the end of our stay here, but we still have the magic of looking outside and seeing hundreds of young penguins,” she said. “We get the wonder of seeing humpback whales (座头鲸) go past. On one side of the island we have the most grand mountain range and on the other side, an ice sheet.” Camilla Nichole, the charity’s CEO, said successful applicants would need to be “adaptable, physically fit, environmentally aware” and up for the challenge of spending five months so far away from home. “This is a unique opportunity to live in a landscape that makes you feel pure respect and wonder, where pioneering generations have gone before us making groundbreaking discoveries about our planet,” she said. 4. What is the aim of paragraph 1? A. To introduce a new job. B. To promote a British charity. C. To find some ideal partners. D. To analyze the author’s view. 5. Which is one of the job takers’duties at the base? A. Distributing presents. B. Keeping track of penguins. C. Studying ocean wildlife. D. Protecting public facilities. 6. Why did Bridie describe her life at the base in paragraph 3? A. She was full of love for her job. B. She advocated broader volunteering. C. She advertised the scenery there. D. She called for more conservation efforts. 7. How did Camilla Nichole find the life at the base? A. Stressful but successful. B. Repetitive but comfortable. C. Unbearable but refreshing. D. Challenging but rewarding. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是位于南极洲的一个遗产慈善机构正在招聘能够在极端环境下工作的员工，这些员工将负责在南极洲的某个基地管理博物馆、邮局和礼品店，并进行企鹅数量统计等工作。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For people who never complain about the tough conditions, ideal jobs have come up. A heritage (遗产) charity is advertising jobs at the bottom of the world. Based in Antarctica, just 9,000 miles from the UK, successful applicants will have to adapt to near-constant daylight, subzero temperatures and no running water.(对于那些从不抱怨艰苦环境的人来说，理想的工作已经出现了。一家遗产慈善机构正在为世界最底层的工作做广告。该项目位于距离英国仅9000英里的南极洲，成功的申请者将不得不适应近乎恒定的日光、零度以下的温度和没有自来水的环境。)”可知，第一段的目的是介绍一份新工作。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The UK Antaretic Heritage Trust said it was seeking “passionate adventurers ready to take on the challenge of a lifetime” in jobs that included managing a museum, post office and gift shop as well as conducting penguin counts.(英国南极遗产信托基金会表示，他们正在寻找“愿意接受一生挑战的充满激情的冒险家”，工作内容包括管理博物馆、邮局和礼品店，以及清点企鹅数量。)”可知，基地的工作人员的职责之一是记录企鹅的数量。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“We are getting towards the end of our stay here, but we still have the magic of looking outside and seeing hundreds of young penguins(我们在这里的逗留即将结束，但我们仍然向外看，看到数百只小企鹅的魔力)”和“We get the wonder of seeing humpback whales (座头鲸) go past. On one side of the island we have the most grand mountain range and on the other side, an ice sheet.(我们看到座头鲸经过的奇迹。在岛的一边是最雄伟的山脉，另一边是冰原。)”可知，Bridie在第三段描述了她在基地的生活是因为她对自己的工作充满了热爱。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Camilla Nichole, the charity’s CEO, said successful applicants would need to be “adaptable, physically fit, environmentally aware” and up for the challenge of spending five months so far away from home.(该慈善机构的首席执行官Camilla Nichole表示，成功的申请者需要“适应能力强、身体健康、有环保意识”，并准备好迎接离家5个月的挑战。)”和“This is a unique opportunity to live in a landscape that makes you feel pure respect and wonder, where pioneering generations have gone before us making groundbreaking discoveries about our planet(这是一个独特的机会，让你生活在一个让你感到纯粹的尊重和惊奇的景观中，在我们对地球做出突破性发现之前，先辈们已经去过那里了。)”可知，Camilla Nichole觉得基地的生活具有挑战性但值得。故选D。 C Training was cruel, as Penny Lee Dean prepared for what would be a record-setting swim — regardless of sex — across the English Channel in 1978. “Your hands cramp (痉挛), your legs cramp,” she remembers. While the cold was bone-chilling, overcoming it has been essential to her success as a record-breaking swimmer. An ability to tolerate extreme cold is one of the advantages that women may have in this sport, as their distribution of fat is helpful for regulating body temperature in cold water. Dean believes that any upper hand women might have in open-water swimming over long distances is more about mental adaptation and the ability to bear discomfort than about insulation (阻隔). In ultradistance events, the ability to handle more factors, from weather to pain, becomes particularly important. In fact, women can outperform or perform similarly to men in a range of competitive events. From ultrarunning to shooting sports, in some competitions women have the edge. Cassio Rippel, the ISSF Athletes Committee Chair, says that while men’s muscles tend to give them more staying power, women’s lower body mass and lower centre of gravity, on average, allow them better balance control. The rifle (步枪) events are the most sex-balanced of the three types of shooting events in the Olympics, according to Rippel. The nearly century-long history of the Olympics is also a history of the growth of female empowerment. An increasing number of female athletes have broken gender barriers, achieving remarkable success in traditionally male-dominated sports. The Paris Olympics are the first Olympics to have equal numbers of female and male athletes. This is also an opportunity to think carefully about what gap s in inclusion still remain. While much of the science of sex and performance may be unsettled, one thing that’s very clear is that more research needs to involve women. The path toward greater inclusion has not been straight, and more questions than answers remain about the role of sex in athletic performance. 8. What challenge did Dean face when breaking the record? A. The long distance. B. The low temperature. C. The extra body fat. D. The intense training. 9. What advantage may women have in long and open-water swimming? A Strong awareness about keeping warm. B. Superior flexibility to tough situations. C. Inborn talent for long distance swimming. D. Absolute concentration on swimming path. 10. What does the underlined phrase “have the edge” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Appear weaker. B. Seem conservative. C. Take the lead. D. Show less pressure. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Women’s potential in sports. B. Sports suitable for women. C. Views on gender and sports. D. Females in the Olympics. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了女性在体育领域的潜力和表现，通过具体事例和科学分析，阐述了女性在长距离游泳等竞技项目中的优势和特点，以及女性在奥运会上的地位和赋权的历史。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Training was cruel, as Penny Lee Dean prepared for what would be a record-setting swim — regardless of sex — across the English Channel in 1978. ‘Your hands cramp (痉挛), your legs cramp,’ she remembers. (1978年，Penny Lee Dean准备横渡英吉利海峡，这将是一项打破纪录的游泳活动，训练是残酷的。她回忆说：“你的手会抽筋，腿也会抽筋。”)”和第二段中“While the cold was bone-chilling, overcoming it has been essential to her success as a record-breaking swimmer. (虽然寒冷刺骨，但克服寒冷是她成功打破纪录的关键)”可知，Penny Lee Dean在1978年准备创造横跨英吉利海峡的游泳纪录时，克服寒冷是她成功破纪录的关键。因此，Dean在打破纪录时面临的挑战是低温。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dean believes that any upper hand women might have in open-water swimming over long distances is more about mental adaptation and the ability to bear discomfort than about insulation (阻隔). In ultradistance events, the ability to handle more factors, from weather to pain, becomes particularly important. (Dean认为，女性在开放水域长距离游泳中所占的优势更多的是心理适应能力和承受不适的能力，而不是阻隔能力)”可知，女性在长距离公开水域游泳中可能具有的优势更多地在于心理适应和承受不适的能力，这表明女性在应对艰难情况方面具有更强的灵活性。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“From ultrarunning to shooting sports, in some competitions women have the edge. Cassio Rippel, the ISSF Athletes Committee Chair, says that while men’s muscles tend to give them more staying power, women’s lower body mass and lower centre of gravity, on average, allow them better balance control. (从超跑到射击运动，在一些比赛中，女性have the edge。国际田径联合会运动员委员会主席Cassio Rippel表示，男性的肌肉往往能给他们带来更大的耐力，而女性的体重和重心较低，平均而言，能让她们更好地控制平衡)”可知，虽然男性的肌肉往往给他们更多的耐力，但女性的身体质量较低，重心较低，平均而言，这使她们能够更好地控制平衡。由此可推知，在超跑到射击比赛中，女性往往能够表现优异或“领先”。因此，画线短语have the edge意思是“领先”，与take the lead同义。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中“Training was cruel, as Penny Lee Dean prepared for what would be a record-setting swim — regardless of sex — across the English Channel in 1978.(1978年，Penny Lee Dean准备横渡英吉利海峡，这将是一项打破纪录的游泳活动，训练是残酷的)”和倒数第二段中“The nearly century-long history of the Olympics is also a history of the growth of female empowerment. An increasing number of female athletes have broken gender barriers, achieving remarkable success in traditionally male-dominated sports.(近一个世纪的奥运会历史，也是一部女性赋权的成长历史。越来越多的女运动员打破了性别障碍，在传统上由男性主导的运动中取得了显著的成功)”可知，文章通过Penny Lee Dean打破游泳纪录的事例和奥运会上女性运动员的赋权历史，主要探讨了女性在体育领域的潜力和表现。故选A项。 D Plans are being drawn up for a lunar “Noah’s Ark” to help save endangered species from extinction. The coming biorepository, a storage facility for frozen samples, would house live samples from most animals in the world and serve as a save in case the species disappeared on Earth. It would likely be built at the north or south pole of the moon, where craters (陨石坑) create permanent shadow and a temperature of almost -200℃. Scientists from the Smithsonian, Harvard and other leading US institutions are working on how to obtain samples from at-risk biodiversity on Earth, freeze them and send them to the lunar surface for safekeeping. In a paper published in the journal BioScience, the academics say they have already begun creating a plan for space storage based on the starry goby, a bony fish. Potential difficulties include how the samples can be protected from the severity of space travel as well as the high radiation levels in space. Biorepositories such as the one on Svalbard in Norway are designed to be durable but may still conflict with earthly risks, the scientists warn, and having a shelter on the moon could provide a back-up plan that is uninfluenced to earthbound events. The constantly cold temperatures on the moon are ideal for a biorepository of cryopreserved (冷冻保存的) samples, the scientists say, as it would mean the system could be passive and not need a power supply. “Such a biorepository would safeguard biodiversity and act as a measure against its loss occurring because of natural disasters, climate change, over-population, resource depletion (枯竭), wars, socioeconomic threats and other causes on Earth,” the scientists write. “This is a decades-long programme,” the scientists write. “Protecting Earth’s life must be a top priority in the rush on the moon sites for industries and many types of science.” NASA is also interested in the south pole of the moon for the same permanently shadowed regions because they may also host ice and this could help establish a human possession on the moon. 12. What is the lunar “Noah’s Ark” actually? A. A territory. B. A storehouse. C A burial field. D. A laboratory. 13. How do the bony fish appear in the project? A. As an emergency food. B. As an endangered species. C. As an easily stored fish. D. As an experimental article. 14. The moon is considered ideal for the project due to ________. A. sustained cold B. a lack of sunlight C. the best security D. lowered radiation 15. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Species on Earth are gradually increasing. B. The threats on the earth are under control. C. Scientists have high hopes for “Noah’s Ark”. D. “Noah’s Ark” is currently running smoothly. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了月球上的“诺亚方舟”计划。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Plans are being drawn up for a lunar “Noah’s Ark” to help save endangered species from extinction. The coming biorepository, a storage facility for frozen samples, would house live samples from most animals in the world and serve as a save in case the species disappeared on Earth.(为了拯救濒临灭绝的物种，月球上的“诺亚方舟”计划正在起草中。未来的生物库，一个冷冻样本的储存设施，将容纳世界上大多数动物的活样本，并将作为防止物种在地球上消失的保险库。)”可知，月球上的“诺亚方舟”实际上是一个储存设施。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists from the Smithsonian, Harvard and other leading US institutions are working on how to obtain samples from at-risk biodiversity on Earth, freeze them and send them to the lunar surface for safekeeping. In a paper published in the journal BioScience, the academics say they have already begun creating a plan for space storage based on the starry goby, a bony fish.(来自史密森学会、哈佛大学和其他美国主要机构的科学家们正在研究如何从地球上濒危的生物多样性中获取样本，将其冷冻并送到月球表面进行保管。在《生物科学》杂志上发表的一篇论文中，学者们表示，他们已经开始制定一项基于星形虾虎鱼，一种硬骨鱼的空间存储计划。)”可知，硬骨鱼是作为研究文章中的样本，出现在项目中的。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The constantly cold temperatures on the moon are ideal for a biorepository of cryopreserved (冷冻保存的) samples, the scientists say, as it would mean the system could be passive and not need a power supply.(科学家们说，月球上持续的低温非常适合冷冻保存样本的生物储存库，因为这意味着该系统可以是被动的，不需要电源。)”可知，由于持续寒冷，月球被认为是这个项目的理想选择。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“‘Such a biorepository would safeguard biodiversity and act as a measure against its loss occurring because of natural disasters, climate change, over-population, resource depletion (枯竭), wars, socioeconomic threats and other causes on Earth,’ the scientists write. ‘This is a decades-long programme,’ the scientists write. ‘Protecting Earth’s life must be a top priority in the rush on the moon sites for industries and many types of science.’(科学家们写道：‘这样一个生物储存库将保护生物多样性，并作为一种措施，防止自然灾害、气候变化、人口过剩、资源枯竭、战争、社会经济威胁和地球上其他原因造成的生物多样性损失。这是一个长达数十年的项目，保护地球的生命必须成为工业和多种科学在月球上的首要任务。’)”和最后一段“NASA is also interested in the south pole of the moon for the same permanently shadowed regions because they may also host ice and this could help establish a human possession on the moon.(美国国家航空航天局也对月球南极的永久阴影地区感兴趣，因为那里可能也有冰，这可能有助于人类在月球上定居。)”可知，科学家对“诺亚方舟”寄予厚望。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes, deciding which projects should be your top priority can be energy-consuming when you don’t have much to spare. ___16___, even when you’re clear about the tasks at hand. Try the 3-3-3 method. This technique is proposed by Oliver Burkeman, who suggests planning each workday based on a 3-3-3 model. ___17___. But you have to be sure the work is on your most crucial project. Next, complete three other urgent tasks that don’t demand three hours of concentrated effort. Finally, undertake three“maintenance” tasks, such as cleaning, replying to emails, or scheduling other work. ___18___. It categorizes your responsibilities based on urgency and importance. You’ll need to consider not only the timeliness of the tasks you need to do but also the resources they will consume. What sets this method apart from other productivity strategies is those initial three hours of deep work. Starting with them means you’ll be fresh, concentrated, and more likely to be able to start a task without getting diverted (分心的). ___19___ Deep work leads to significant productivity. So, you’ll achieve a lot if you commit to it. ___20___. It’s advisable to have those three other, smaller tasks lined up and ready so that you can remain productive even when switching to less demanding responsibilities. Finally, maintenance tasks provide a break and help with preparation. Finalize what you were working on during three intense hours. Or get ready for the next day’s work. A. The 3-3-3 method helps classify tasks B. Having smaller tasks ready is beneficial C. Set off by devoting three hours to deep work D. Keep those three hours free from minor duties E. The 3-3-3 method is better than other strategies F. However, you can’t remain in that mindset forever G. But you still need to figure out how to prioritize them 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一种提高工作效率的方法——3-3-3工作法。 【16题详解】 空前“Sometimes, deciding which projects should be your top priority can be energy-consuming when you don’t have much to spare.(有时候，当你没有多余的时间时，决定哪些项目应该是你的首要任务可能会消耗你的精力。)”说明了决定首要任务可能会消耗精力，根据下文“Try the 3-3-3 method.(试试3-3-3方法。)”说明要用下面要说的方法来决定首要任务，因此决定首要任务仍然是必须做的事情，G选项“But you still need to figure out how to prioritize them(但你仍然需要弄清楚如何划分优先顺序)”说明了仍然需要考虑优先任务，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 空后“Next, complete three other urgent tasks that don’t demand three hours of concentrated effort. Finally, undertake three“maintenance” tasks, such as cleaning, replying to emails, or scheduling other work.(接下来，完成另外三个不需要三小时集中精力的紧急任务。最后，承担三个‘维护’任务，如清洁，回复电子邮件，或安排其他工作。)”说明的是接下来和最后要做的事情，空格处应该说第一个要做什么事情，C选项“Set off by devoting three hours to deep work(先花三个小时深入工作)”说明了第一步是先花三个小时深入工作，符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“It categorizes your responsibilities based on urgency and importance.(它根据紧迫性和重要性对你的职责进行分类。)”可知，本段主要讲的是这种方法可以帮助对任务进行分类，A选项“The 3-3-3 method helps classify tasks(3-3-3方法有助于对任务进行分类)”说明了这种方法可以对任务进行分类，概括了本段主旨，可作为主旨句，引领下文。故选A。 【19题详解】 空前“What sets this method apart from other productivity strategies is those initial three hours of deep work. Starting with them means you’ll be fresh, concentrated, and more likely to be able to start a task without getting diverted (分心的).(这种方法与其他提高效率的策略的区别在于最初的三个小时的深度工作。从它们开始意味着你会精力充沛，注意力集中，更有可能开始一项任务而不会分心。)”说明了在最初的三个小时之内不能分心，也就是在这三个小时之内除了做需要做的任务之外不能做其他任务，D选项“Keep those three hours free from minor duties(把这三个小时从琐事中解放出来)”说明了在这三个小时内不要做其他琐事，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 空前“Deep work leads to significant productivity. So, you’ll achieve a lot if you commit to it.(深度工作能带来显著的生产力。所以，如果你坚持下去，你会收获很多。)”说明了深度工作会给你带来收获，空后“It’s advisable to have those three other, smaller tasks lined up and ready so that you can remain productive even when switching to less demanding responsibilities.(建议你把其他三个较小的任务排在一起，准备好，这样即使换到要求较低的工作，你也能保持高效率。)”说明了要把较小的任务排在一起，也就是不能盲目地认为只能深度工作，F选项“However, you can’t remain in that mindset forever(然而，你不可能永远保持这种心态)”与上文构成转折关系，说明了不可能一直处于深度工作状态，承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My son just completed high school and when he leaves for college in the fall, I’ll ___21___ his lessons in teenage slang (俚语). His slang has offered me an accidental but useful portrait (描述) of how he and his generation ___22___ the world. From one generation to the next, the terms changed, but the ___23___ typically didn’t. New words were routinely ___24___ to express familiar concepts: one generation’s “cool” ___25___ another’s “dope” and so on. Members of my son’s generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They’ve created a language that ___26___ the new and distinct reality they face. “Mid” is an obvious ___27___ in my son’s usage, things that are mid are things that are average or ___28___ below. Everything in a railway station or an airport falls into the category of “mid”. It’s a brilliant, precise word for a mildly ___29___ world. But my favorite new slang word is “based” — short for “based in fact” or “based in reality” and often used as a term of agreement when someone ___30___ a debatable opinion. The kids themselves are bright. That is why I’m so ___31___ to my son who gave me a chance to ___32___ the language of his generation. One purpose of slang is to demonstrate generational ___33___, yet slang has brought my son and me closer. The current ___34___ created slangs and they’ve proved themselves more ___35___ than we were. 21. A. teach B. prepare C. miss D. attend 22. A. see B. change C. impact D. shape 23. A. users B. meanings C. forms D. targets 24. A. searched B. defined C. abused D. adopted 25. A. leads B. becomes C. causes D. follows 26. A. dates from B. turns to C. escapes from D. responds to 27. A. example B. tool C. exception D. expression 28. A. unbelievably B. terribly C. slightly D. unreasonably 29. A. thrilling B. excellent C. indifferent D. disappointing 30. A. seeks B. states C. exchanges D. analyzes 31. A. helpful B. familiar C. grateful D. sensitive 32. A. compare B. approach C. assess D. imitate 33. A. ability B. dreams C. shortcomings D. distinction 34. A. teenagers B. children C. adults D. seniors 35. A. realistic B. considerate C. innovative D. energetic 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者通过儿子的俚语了解其一代人如何看待世界，以及俚语如何拉近两代人的距离。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我儿子刚刚高中毕业，当他秋天离家去上大学时，我会想念他在青少年俚语方面的课程。A. teach教；B. prepare准备；C. miss想念；D. attend参加。根据后文“his lessons in teenage slang”及常识可知，作者会在儿子离开后怀念儿子教给她的青少年俚语课程，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的俚语为我提供了一个偶然但有用的描述，展示了他和他的这一代人是如何看待这个世界的。A. see看待，认为；B. change改变；C. impact影响；D. shape塑造。根据后文“the world”可知，此处指他和他的这一代人是如何看待这个世界的，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从一代人到下一代人，这些术语发生了变化，但含义通常没有改变。A. users使用者；B. meanings含义；C. forms形式；D. targets目标。根据后文“New words were routinely ____ to express familiar concepts”可知，这些术语发生了变化，但基本含义没有变化，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：新词经常被采用来表达熟悉的概念：一代人的“cool”变成了另一代人的“dope”等等。A. searched搜索；B. defined定义；C. abused滥用；D. adopted采用，采纳。根据后文“to express familiar concepts”可知，新词汇被采用来表达熟悉的概念，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. leads引导；B. becomes变成；C. causes导致；D. follows跟随。根据前文“New words were routinely ____ to express familiar concepts”可知，新词汇被用来表达已有的概念，即一代人的“cool”变成了另一代人的“dope”，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们创造了一种语言来回应他们所面临的新而独特的现实。A. dates from追溯到；B. turns to转向；C. escapes from逃离；D. responds to回应。根据后文“the new and distinct reality they face”可知，这种语言是对新现实的回应，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的儿子的用法中，“Mid”是一个明显的例子，被认为是中等或略低于平均水平的东西都属于“mid”类别。A. example例子；B. tool工具；C. exception例外；D. expression表达。根据后文“in my son’s usage”可知，“Mid”是一个典型的例子，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unbelievably难以置信地；B. terribly糟糕地；C. slightly稍微；D. unreasonably不合理地。根据前文“that are average or”及后文“below”可知，此处指稍微低于平均水平，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个绝妙而精确的词，用来形容一个令人失望的世界。A. thrilling令人激动的；B. excellent极好的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据前文“things that are mid are things that are average or ____ below”可知，这个词描述的是令人失望的世界，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我最喜欢的俚语新词是“based”——“基于事实”或“基于现实”的缩写，当有人陈述一个有争议的观点时，它经常被用作表示同意的术语。A. seeks寻找；B. states陈述；C. exchanges交换；D. analyzes分析。根据后文“a debatable opinion”可知，此处指陈述一个有争议的观点，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我对我的儿子如此感激，他给了我一个机会去了解他那一代人的语言。A. helpful有帮助的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. grateful感激的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“who gave me a chance to ____ the language of his generation”可知，作者对儿子提供的机会感到感激，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. compare比较；B. approach接近，了解；C. assess评估；D. imitate模仿。根据后文“the language of his generation”可知，此处指接近和了解儿子这一代的语言，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：俚语的一个目的是展示代际差异，然而俚语却让我的儿子和我更亲近了。A. ability能力；B. dreams梦想；C. shortcomings缺点；D. distinction差异。根据前文“One purpose of slang is to demonstrate generational”可知，此处指俚语本来是用来展示代际差异的，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当前的青少年创造了俚语，并且证明了他们比我们更有创新性。A. teenagers青少年；B. children儿童；C. adults成年人；D. seniors老年人。根据前文“teenage slang”和“The kids themselves are bright”及后文“created slangs”可知，创造俚语的是青少年，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当前的青少年创造了俚语，并且证明了他们比我们更有创新性。A. realistic现实的；B. considerate体贴的；C. innovative创新的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据前文“created slangs”可知，青少年创造了俚语，说明他们更有创新性，故选C。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Saturday, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) put the “Beijing Central Axis (中轴线)” on its World Heritage List. The Central Axis, an ensemble (整体) of palaces, public buildings and gardens, ___36___ governs the overall layout of the old city area of the Chinese capital, ___37___ ( stretch) 7.8 kilometers north to south through the heart of Beijing. The ___38___ ( new) admitted World Heritage Site consists of groups of palaces, gardens, buildings, ancient city management facilities and remains of the original central axis roads. “The Central Axis has had a powerful impact ___39___ the history of urban planning and construction worldwide,” said Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, “now the Central Axis ___40___ ( consider) to be a Chinese case for the sustainable protection and preservation of ancient capitals.” “___41___ is an important symbol that embodies outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization, highlighting Beijing’s ___42___ ( exception) status among the famous ancient capitals of the world, ” Li added. Construction of the Central Axis began in the 13th century and was completed in the 16th century. The Central Axis ___43___ ( undergo) constant refinement and maintenance with the great support of the local authorties over the past ___44___ ( century). According to the National Cultural Heritage Administration, the Central Axis in Beijing offers excellent material evidence. It is an outstanding example ___45___ ( represent) the mature stage of the urban central axis of Chinese capitals, and also the best-preserved capital central axis in China. 【答案】36. which 37. stretches 38. newly 39. on 40. is considered##has been considered 41. It 42. exceptional 43. has undergone 44. centuries 45. representing 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。周六，联合国教育、科学及文化组织（UNESCO）将“北京中轴线”列入世界遗产名录。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中轴线是一个由宫殿、公共建筑和花园组成的建筑群，控制着中国首都老城区的总体布局，从北向南延伸7.8公里，穿过北京市中心。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词The Central Axis，为物，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中轴线是一个由宫殿、公共建筑和花园组成的建筑群，控制着中国首都老城区的总体布局，从北向南延伸7.8公里，穿过北京市中心。这里考查谓语动词，主语The Central Axis，第三人称单数形式，与stretch为主动关系，且此空时态应用一般现在时表客观情况。故填stretches。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：新加入的世界遗产包括宫殿、花园、建筑、古城管理设施和原始中轴线道路的遗迹。此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面admitted。故填newly。 39题详解】 考查介词。句意：中轴线对世界城市规划和建设史产生了巨大影响。这里考查impact on，表“对…...之影响”，为固定搭配。故填on。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：现在，中轴线被认为是中国可持续保护和保存古都的一个案例。此空考查谓语动词，主语the Central Axis，第三人称单数形式，与consider为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里时态可用一般现在时表客观情况，也可用现在完成时强调对现在的影响。故填is considered或has been considered。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：它是体现中华文明突出特色、彰显北京在世界著名古都中的特殊地位的重要标志。分析句子可知，此空应填it作主语，指代上文the Central Axis，且句首时首字母应大写。故填It。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它是体现中华文明突出特色、彰显北京在世界著名古都中的特殊地位的重要标志。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词status。故填exceptional。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，在地方当局的大力支持下，中轴线不断得到完善和维护。这里考查谓语动词， 主语The Central Axis，第三人称单数形式，与undergo为主动关系，再由后文over the past 　9　 ( century)可知，这里时态应用现在完成时。故填has undergone。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，在地方当局的大力支持下，中轴线不断得到完善和维护。over the past centuries，表“在过去的几个世纪里”，为固定形式。故填centuries。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：它是中国首都城市中轴线成熟阶段的杰出代表，也是中国保存最完好的首都中轴线。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，an outstanding example与example为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词形式作定语。故填representing。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你一个在英国的笔友William得知上月你校组织了校园义卖(Charity Sale)活动，来信向你询问活动详情，请给他写封回信，内容如下: 1、活动详情；2、你的感受。 注意:1、写作词数应为80左右； 2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. William, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. William, Very glad to know that you are interested in the Charity Sale held in our school last month, I’m willing to give you a brief introduction to the activity. The Charity Sale started at 2:30 p.m. on November 29, when some teachers and all students in Senior Three got together on the playground. Small booths were set up as arranged to advertise their goods, including food, books and even some greeting cards, some of which were made by themselves. Teachers and students walked around, searching for what they were interested in. It went well and finished at 4:30 p.m.. In the end, all the money earned would go to the students in need. I think it significant and worthwhile to experience this activity, for we can build up our sense of responsibility and join our hands to help others. Look forward to interesting stories in your school! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国的笔友William写封回信，介绍学校组织的校园义卖(Charity Sale)活动的详情。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。 结构：总分法 总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.表示问候； 2.说明活动详情； 3.表达自己的感受。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） be interested in；be willing to do sth.；get together；on the playground；set up；walk around；search for；in the end；in need；build up；sense of responsibility；look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1.Very glad to know that you are interested in the Charity Sale held in our school last month I’m willing to give you a brief introduction to the activity. 2.The Charity Sale started at 2:30 p.m. on November 29, when some teachers and all students in Senior Three got together on the playground. 3.Small booths were set up as arranged to advertise their goods, including food, books and even some greeting cards, some of which were made by themselves. 4.Teachers and students walked around, searching for what they were interested in. 5.It went well and finished at 4:30 p.m.. 6.All the money earned would go to the students in need. 7.I think it significant and worthwhile to experience this activity, for we can build up our sense of responsibility and join our hands to help others. 8.Look forward to interesting stories in your school! 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 表文章结构顺序： In the end 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including（供参考） 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…（供参考） 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result（供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】[高分句型1] Very glad to know that you are interested in the Charity Sale held in our school last month, I’m willing to give you a brief introduction to the activity.（that引导宾语从句，held为过去分词作后置定语） [高分句型2] Small booths were set up as arranged to advertise their goods, including food, books and even some greeting cards, some of which were made by themselves.（which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型3] I think it significant and worthwhile to experience this activity, for we can build up our sense of responsibility and join our hands to help others.（it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Experience of training retired racing dogs led my husband, Steve and me to believe we could handle anything. But we were wrong. When we adopted Ray, a dog with a hurt that made him stop racing, things got tough. He retired due to the injury and quickly went to the adoption agency. Ray had no other place to go. Behind his sweet face hid a dark and damaged soul and an aggressive (好斗的) nature. Desperate to find him a home and not deliver him to the farm, the adoption agency rushed him to our door when we offered to adopt. Our experience with dogs and a home without other animals made us perfect candidates, and we were his best shot. Ray jumped around our house. He tried to understand the enormous world he now lived in, a strange one compared to the quarters he had known for so long. Adjustment would take time, but his inexperience, and apparently ours as well, made coexistence interesting. Patience and training with any new pet are important, but with Ray, they were vital. He didn’t listen to us, no matter how nice we were. He didn’t understand he was a pet with a name. He did not respond to commands, love, encouragement, or food. He had no idea what we expected of him. Like a creature from another planet, he had no concept of life in our world. Ray got really scared and would get angry when we left. In a madness he scratched (抓, 挠) at windows and doors whenever we left the house. Concerned for his safety and the condition of our home, we locked him in a big wooden box. But he resisted and tried to escape. The stress we encountered flooded us. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eight weeks after adopting Ray, we were ready to give up and send him back. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ But the next morning, Ray suddenly seemed to understand us. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Eight weeks after adopting Ray, we were ready to give up and send him back. Ray had consumed our attention all along, showing no improvement. We realized we had only one choice: Returning Ray to the adoption agency. I knelt down beside Ray at night, hugging him tight. Tears flowed down my face as I whispered into his ear. “Please, Ray, please try harder. You must be good tomorrow, or we’ll have to send you back. We want you to stay, but you have to want it, too!” He didn’t respond. But the next morning, Ray suddenly seemed to understand us. Calm and mindful, he came when called and responded to commands. He still had a long way to go, but now exhibited a willingness to learn and behave. Steve and I breathed easier each day because he improved better and better. Within a month, Ray no longer tore at doors and windows when we left the house. He was willing to stay at home alone, and we knew no harm would fall upon him or our possessions. 【解析】 【导语】本文以一只狗为线索展开，讲述了作者和她丈夫Steve收养了一只退役比赛的狗Ray，在收养Ray的前8周里，Ray和作者和她丈夫互相各种不适应，Ray对命令、爱、鼓励或食物都没有反应，作者打算把它送回收养机构时，Ray突然能听懂作者和她丈夫的话了，对命令有了回应，变得守规矩，作者和她丈夫离开家时，Ray能够帮着看家的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“领养Ray的八周后，我们准备放弃，把他送回去。”可知，第一段可描写作者和丈夫打算把Ray送回收养机构的思想和行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“但第二天早上，Ray似乎突然理解了我们。”可知，第二段可描写Ray表现越来越好，能听得懂命令，变得冷静谨慎了，接受训练，作者和丈夫离开家时，Ray能够帮着看家。 2.续写线索：想把Ray送回收养机构——希望Ray表现好点——Ray表现好转——听从训练，愿意好好表现——变冷静并帮着看家 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 意识到：realize/be aware of ② 紧紧地抱着他：hug him tight/hold him tight 情绪类 ① 眼泪留下来：tears flowed down my face/with tears rolling down/tears run down my cheek ② 生活得自在：breathe easier/life is much lighter and easier 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Ray had consumed our attention all along, showing no improvement.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]. Tears flowed down my face as I whispered into his ear. “Please, Ray, please try harder.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型3]. Calm and mindful, he came when called and responded to commands.（运用了形容词作状语，以及when引导的时间状语从句的省略） 听力：1-5 CBCAB 6-10 ABABC 11-15 CACBA 16-20 CBAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 豫西北教研联盟 (许洛平) 2024——2025学年 高三第一次质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时。选出每小题答案后，用销笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman late for the meeting? A. She wrote a report. B. She met her teacher. C. She went to the library. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. At home. B. At a store. C. At a hotel. 3. How much is a ticket for the Shakespearian play tonight? A. $20. B. $30. C. $40. 4. Why does the woman call the man? A. To deliver a message. B. To make a complaint. C. To inquire about a street. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to use the Internet. B. How to find gyms. C. How to talk with parents. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 How many books has the woman read? A. 5. B. 8. C. 10. 7. Which book is the woman reading currently? A. Wuthering Heights. B. The Sun Moo Rises. C. The Old Man and the Sea. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man probably doing? A. Hosting a TV program. B. Chairing a club meeting. C. Participating in a debate. 9. What does the woman do for a living now? A. She repairs boats. B. She rents out boats. C. She builds fishing boats. 10. How does the woman sound? A. Satisfied with her life. B. Worried about the future. C. Excited about new things. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How was last term’s art festival? A It was boring. B. It was average. C. It was popular. 12. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Create a poster. B. Hold a discussion. C. Enter a competition. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Employer and employee. C. Teacher and student. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the woman say about the charity? A. It met many difficulties. B. It was founded a decade ago. C. It’s the largest charity in town. 15. What has winning the award helped the charity do? A. Promote the charity. B. Bring in more members. C. Run an educational project. 16. What is the biggest threat to the dolphins from oil exploration? A. Horrible smells. B. Water pollution. C. Underwater noise. 17. Why did the charity give up moving the dolphin base? A. Because of technology. B. Because of money. C. Because of time. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. College students. B. Local artists. C. Museum staff. 19. What can all of the volunteers do in the museum? A. Guide the tourists. B. Help with research. C. Host a meeting. 20. What is the speaker introducing at the end of the talk? A. A new exhibition. B. Requirements for volunteers. C. The history of the museum. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you dreaming of overcoming Mount Kilimanjaro, but not sure which route to take? Here’s an overview of four Kilimanjaro routes for you. Marangu Route The Marangu Route, also known as the “Coca-Cola Route”, is distinguished by its cottage accommodations and is a popular choice for climbers aiming to reach the top of Kilimanjaro. Providing a more comfortable option compared to camping, these simple cottages offer basic facilities and can be a welcoming sight after a day of challenging hiking. Machame Route The Machame Route, often referred to as the “Whiskey Route”, is famous for its splendid landscapes and challenging summit (顶峰) night that tests climbers’determination and tolerance. The night before the summit push, is a laborious test, characterized by sharp, rocky terrain (地形) and freezing temperatures, where climbers rely on their mental strength and physical preparedness to overcome the final barriers to Uhuru Peak. Lemosho Route The Lemosho Route offers breathtaking scenic views and owns one of the highest summit success rates among the Kilimanjaro routes, making it a favorite among climbers. What sets the Lemosho Route apart is its gradual ascent (上升) profile, allowing climbers to accustom effectively and increase their chances of reaching the summit successfully. Rongai Route The Rongai Rout e provides a quiet hiking experience, allowing climbers to adapt gradually while impressing themselves with the untouched wilderness of Kilimanjaro’s northern side. Adaptation becomes more manageable due to the route’s gentle ascent, allowing climbers to adjust to the increasing height comfortably. The unique advantage of this path is its relatively lower traffic, providing a peaceful experience in harmony with nature’s patterns. 1. What makes Marangu Route special? A. The accommodations. B. The free Coca-Cola. C. The camping sight. D. The challenging hiking. 2. What is most required when you choose Machame Route? A. Climbing equipment. B. Help of Whiskey. C. Teamwork of climbers. D. Strong willpower. 3. What do the last two routes have in common? A. They have lower traffic. B. They offer vast wilderness. C. They are easier to adapt to. D. They are planned for the old. B For people who never complain about the tough conditions, ideal jobs have come up. A heritage (遗产) charity is advertising jobs at the bottom of the world. Based in Antarctica, just 9,000 miles from the UK, successful applicants will have to adapt to near-constant daylight, subzero temperatures and no running water. But what incredible upsides: penguins (企鹅), breathtaking landscapes and the chance to support conservation efforts in one of the most remote corners of the planet. The UK Antaretic Heritage Trust said it was seeking “passionate adventurers ready to take on the challenge of a lifetime” in jobs that included managing a museum, post office and gift shop as well as conducting penguin counts. Those selected will live and work at Base A at Port Lockroy on Goudier Island, which is about the size of a football field. Bridie Martin West, a 33-year-old midwife, is the current base leader. On a video call from Port Lockroy, she described the ups and downs of life on the base, where everyone shares a small room. “We are getting towards the end of our stay here, but we still have the magic of looking outside and seeing hundreds of young penguins,” she said. “We get the wonder of seeing humpback whales (座头鲸) go past. On one side of the island we have the most grand mountain range and on the other side, an ice sheet.” Camilla Nichole, the charity’s CEO, said successful applicants would need to be “adaptable, physically fit, environmentally aware” and up for the challenge of spending five months so far away from home. “This is a unique opportunity to live in a landscape that makes you feel pure respect and wonder, where pioneering generations have gone before us making groundbreaking discoveries about our planet,” she said. 4. What is the aim of paragraph 1? A. To introduce a new job. B. To promote a British charity. C. To find some ideal partners. D. To analyze the author’s view. 5. Which is one of the job takers’duties at the base? A. Distributing presents. B. Keeping track of penguins. C. Studying ocean wildlife. D. Protecting public facilities. 6. Why did Bridie describe her life at the base in paragraph 3? A. She was full of love for her job. B. She advocated broader volunteering. C. She advertised the scenery there. D. She called for more conservation efforts. 7. How did Camilla Nichole find the life at the base? A. Stressful but successful. B. Repetitive but comfortable. C. Unbearable but refreshing. D. Challenging but rewarding. C Training was cruel as Penny Lee Dean prepared for what would be a record-setting swim — regardless of sex — across the English Channel in 1978. “Your hands cramp (痉挛), your legs cramp,” she remembers. While the cold was bone-chilling, overcoming it has been essential to her success as a record-breaking swimmer. An ability to tolerate extreme cold is one of the advantages that women may have in this sport, as their distribution of fat is helpful for regulating body temperature in cold water. Dean believes that any upper hand women might have in open-water swimming over long distances is more about mental adaptation and the ability to bear discomfort than about insulation (阻隔). In ultradistance events, the ability to handle more factors, from weather to pain, becomes particularly important. In fact, women can outperform or perform similarly to men in a range of competitive events. From ultrarunning to shooting sports, in some competitions women have the edge. Cassio Rippel, the ISSF Athletes Committee Chair, says that while men’s muscles tend to give them more staying power, women’s lower body mass and lower centre of gravity, on average, allow them better balance control. The rifle (步枪) events are the most sex-balanced of the three types of shooting events in the Olympics, according to Rippel. The nearly century-long history of the Olympics is also a history of the growth of female empowerment. An increasing number of female athletes have broken gender barriers, achieving remarkable success in traditionally male-dominated sports. The Paris Olympics are the first Olympics to have equal numbers of female and male athletes. This is also an opportunity to think carefully about what gap s in inclusion still remain. While much of the science of sex and performance may be unsettled, one thing that’s very clear is that more research needs to involve women. The path toward greater inclusion has not been straight, and more questions than answers remain about the role of sex in athletic performance. 8. What challenge did Dean face when breaking the record? A. The long distance. B. The low temperature. C. The extra body fat. D. The intense training. 9. What advantage may women have in long and open-water swimming? A. Strong awareness about keeping warm. B. Superior flexibility to tough situations. C. Inborn talent for long distance swimming. D. Absolute concentration on swimming path. 10. What does the underlined phrase “have the edge” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Appear weaker. B. Seem conservative. C. Take the lead. D. Show less pressure. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Women’s potential in sports. B. Sports suitable for women. C. Views on gender and sports. D. Females in the Olympics. D Plans are being drawn up for a lunar “Noah’s Ark” to help save endangered species from extinction. The coming biorepository, a storage facility for frozen samples, would house live samples from most animals in the world and serve as a save in case the species disappeared on Earth. It would likely be built at the north or south pole of the moon, where craters (陨石坑) create permanent shadow and a temperature of almost -200℃. Scientists from the Smithsonian, Harvard and other leading US institutions are working on how to obtain samples from at-risk biodiversity on Earth, freeze them and send them to the lunar surface for safekeeping. In a paper published in the journal BioScience, the academics say they have already begun creating a plan for space storage based on the starry goby, a bony fish. Potential difficulties include how the samples can be protected from the severity of space travel as well as the high radiation levels in space. Biorepositories such as the one on Svalbard in Norway are designed to be durable but may still conflict with earthly risks, the scientists warn, and having a shelter on the moon could provide a back-up plan that is uninfluenced to earthbound events. The constantly cold temperatures on the moon are ideal for a biorepository of cryopreserved (冷冻保存的) samples, the scientists say, as it would mean the system could be passive and not need a power supply. “Such a biorepository would safeguard biodiversity and act as a measure against its loss occurring because of natural disasters, climate change, over-population, resource depletion (枯竭), wars, socioeconomic threats and other causes on Earth,” the scientists write. “This is a decades-long programme,” the scientists write. “Protecting Earth’s life must be a top priority in the rush on the moon sites for industries and many types of science.” NASA is also interested in the south pole of the moon for the same permanently shadowed regions because they may also host ice and this could help establish a human possession on the moon. 12. What is the lunar “Noah’s Ark” actually? A. A territory. B. A storehouse. C. A burial field. D. A laboratory. 13. How do the bony fish appear in the project? A. As an emergency food. B. As an endangered species. C. As an easily stored fish. D. As an experimental article. 14. The moon is considered ideal for the project due to ________. A. sustained cold B. a lack of sunlight C. the best security D. lowered radiation 15. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Species on Earth are gradually increasing. B. The threats on the earth are under control. C. Scientists have high hopes for “Noah’s Ark”. D. “Noah’s Ark” is currently running smoothly. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes, deciding which projects should be your top priority can be energy-consuming when you don’t have much to spare. ___16___, even when you’re clear about the tasks at hand. Try the 3-3-3 method. This technique is proposed by Oliver Burkeman, who suggests planning each workday based on a 3-3-3 model. ___17___. But you have to be sure the work is on your most crucial project. Next, complete three other urgent tasks that don’t demand three hours of concentrated effort. Finally, undertake three“maintenance” tasks, such as cleaning, replying to emails, or scheduling other work. ___18___. It categorizes your responsibilities based on urgency and importance. You’ll need to consider not only the timeliness of the tasks you need to do but also the resources they will consume. What sets this method apart from other productivity strategies is those initial three hours of deep work. Starting with them means you’ll be fresh, concentrated, and more likely to be able to start a task without getting diverted (分心的). ___19___ Deep work leads to significant productivity. So, you’ll achieve a lot if you commit to it. ___20___. It’s advisable to have those three other, smaller tasks lined up and ready so that you can remain productive even when switching to less demanding responsibilities. Finally, maintenance tasks provide a break and help with preparation. Finalize what you were working on during three intense hours. Or get ready for the next day’s work. A. The 3-3-3 method helps classify tasks B. Having smaller tasks ready is beneficial C. Set off by devoting three hours to deep work D. Keep those three hours free from minor duties E. The 3-3-3 method is better than other strategies F. However, you can’t remain in that mindset forever G. But you still need to figure out how to prioritize them 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My son just completed high school and when he leaves for college in the fall, I’ll ___21___ his lessons in teenage slang (俚语). His slang has offered me an accidental but useful portrait (描述) of how he and his generation ___22___ the world. From one generation to the next, the terms changed, but the ___23___ typically didn’t. New words were routinely ___24___ to express familiar concepts: one generation’s “cool” ___25___ another’s “dope” and so on. Members of my son’s generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They’ve created a language that ___26___ the new and distinct reality they face. “Mid” is an obvious ___27___ in my son’s usage things that are mid are things that are average or ___28___ below. Everything in a railway station or an airport falls into the category of “mid”. It’s a brilliant, precise word for a mildly ___29___ world. But my favorite new slang word is “based” — short for “based in fact” or “based in reality” and often used as a term of agreement when someone ___30___ a debatable opinion. The kids themselves are bright. That is why I’m so ___31___ to my son who gave me a chance to ___32___ the language of his generation. One purpose of slang is to demonstrate generational ___33___, yet slang has brought my son and me closer. The current ___34___ created slangs and they’ve proved themselves more ___35___ than we were. 21. A. teach B. prepare C. miss D. attend 22. A. see B. change C. impact D. shape 23. A. users B. meanings C. forms D. targets 24. A. searched B. defined C. abused D. adopted 25. A. leads B. becomes C. causes D. follows 26. A. dates from B. turns to C. escapes from D. responds to 27. A. example B. tool C. exception D. expression 28. A. unbelievably B. terribly C. slightly D. unreasonably 29. A. thrilling B. excellent C. indifferent D. disappointing 30. A. seeks B. states C. exchanges D. analyzes 31. A. helpful B. familiar C. grateful D. sensitive 32. A. compare B. approach C. assess D. imitate 33. A. ability B. dreams C. shortcomings D. distinction 34. A. teenagers B. children C. adults D. seniors 35. A. realistic B. considerate C. innovative D. energetic 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Saturday, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) put the “Beijing Central Axis (中轴线)” on its World Heritage List. The Central Axis, an ensemble (整体) of palaces, public buildings and gardens, ___36___ governs the overall layout of the old city area of the Chinese capital, ___37___ ( stretch) 7.8 kilometers north to south through the heart of Beijing. The ___38___ ( new) admitted World Heritage Site consists of groups of palaces, gardens, buildings, ancient city management facilities and remains of the original central axis roads. “The Central Axis has had a powerful impact ___39___ the history of urban planning and construction worldwide,” said Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, “now the Central Axis ___40___ ( consider) to be a Chinese case for the sustainable protection and preservation of ancient capitals.” “___41___ is an important symbol that embodies outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization, highlighting Beijing’s ___42___ ( exception) status among the famous ancient capitals of the world, ” Li added. Construction of the Central Axis began in the 13th century and was completed in the 16th century. The Central Axis ___43___ ( undergo) constant refinement and maintenance with the great support of the local authorties over the past ___44___ ( century). According to the National Cultural Heritage Administration, the Central Axis in Beijing offers excellent material evidence. It is an outstanding example ___45___ ( represent) the mature stage of the urban central axis of Chinese capitals, and also the best-preserved capital central axis in China. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你一个在英国的笔友William得知上月你校组织了校园义卖(Charity Sale)活动，来信向你询问活动详情，请给他写封回信，内容如下: 1、活动详情；2、你的感受。 注意:1、写作词数应为80左右； 2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. William, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Experience of training retired racing dogs led my husband, Steve and me to believe we could handle anything. But we were wrong. When we adopted Ray, a dog with a hurt that made him stop racing, things got tough. He retired due to the injury and quickly went to the adoption agency. Ray had no other place to go. Behind his sweet face hid a dark and damaged soul and an aggressive (好斗的) nature. Desperate to find him a home and not deliver him to the farm, the adoption agency rushed him to our door when we offered to adopt. Our experience with dogs and a home without other animals made us perfect candidates, and we were his best shot. Ray jumped around our house. He tried to understand the enormous world he now lived in, a strange one compared to the quarters he had known for so long. Adjustment would take time, but his inexperience, and apparently ours as well, made coexistence interesting. Patience and training with any new pet are important but with Ray, they were vital. He didn’t listen to us, no matter how nice we were. He didn’t understand he was a pet with a name. He did not respond to commands, love, encouragement, or food. He had no idea what we expected of him. Like a creature from another planet, he had no concept of life in our world. Ray got really scared and would get angry when we left. In a madness he scratched (抓, 挠) at windows and doors whenever we left the house. Concerned for his safety and the condition of our home, we locked him in a big wooden box. But he resisted and tried to escape. The stress we encountered flooded us. 注意： (1) 续写词数应为150个左右； (2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Eight weeks after adopting Ray, we were ready to give up and send him back. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ But the next morning, Ray suddenly seemed to understand us. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力：1-5 CBCAB 6-10 ABABC 11-15 CACBA 16-20 CBAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $