Unit 5 知识点讲练 2024-2025学年译林版英语七年级上册

7AUnit5 A healthy lifestyle-A life without health is like a river without water. 1.A healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式(page 56) 1).healthy adj.健康的adj. unhealthy不健康的n. health健康〖UC〗如: healthy ways of life //Junk food is unhealthy. // Exercise is good for our health. 2).lifestyle n.生活方式 life(生活)+style (样式、风格) lifestyle 〖UC〗lifestyle作为一个集合名词表示抽象,是不可数名词。如: The Chinese and American people have different lifestyle. 〖C〗当lifestyle被用来指代具体的、特定的一种生活方式时,它可以被视为可数名词。这种用法强调的是生活方式的具体种类或类型。如: a healthy lifestyle一种健康的生活方式。 different lifestyles不同的生活方式。 She had to change her lifestyle and eating habits. They enjoy a very comfortable lifestyle. 2.A life without health is like a river without water. (page 56)不健康的生活犹如干涸的河流。 本句使用了明喻的修辞手法,将“不健康的生活”比喻为“干涸的河流”。 1).without prep.没有 without sth./doing sth. 如: Amy often goes to school without breakfast. Daniel went to bed without finishing his homework last night. 2). health n.健康〖UC〗如:Healthy diet is important to our health. 3). like用作介词,意思是“相似,类似”。如:Amy, like her sister, both like playing football. 3.understand good and bad points of different lifestyles; (page 56)明白不同生活方式的优点和坏处。 point n.得分;要点;观点;地点 pl. points point v.指;指向 4.describe our own lifestyle; (page 56)描述我们自己的生活方式。 own adj.自己的 of one’s own属于某人自己的on one’s own=by oneself=alone靠自己;单独, 独自 v. 拥有 n. owner 主人 如: my own study =the study of my own I own the large study. =I am the owner of the large study. Amy does her homework on her own.= Amy does her homework by herself. = Amy does her homework alone. Welcome to the unit-All kinds of food(page 57) 1.All kinds of food(page 57)// Here are some pictures of different foods. (page 57) food既是可数名词又是不可数名词。 当food仅仅指食物、食品的时候,是不可数名词。如:We can’t live without food and water。当food强调食物的种类时是可数名词,复数形式为foods。如:There are all kinds of foods on the table. 2.Me too. (page 57) We use “Me too” to share the same feeling or opinion as the other person. 如: -Millie wants to join the Painting Club. -Me too. 3.It's healthy for us to have milk and eggs often. (page 57)对我们来说,经常喝牛奶吃鸡蛋是健康的。 It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……。动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语,It是形式主语。如: It's important for me to get enough sleep. 4.They're good for us. (page 57)它们对我们有益。// Fish is good for our health. (page 57)鱼肉对我们的健康有好处。// They're great for our eyes! (page 57)它们对我们的眼睛有好处!//Sport is good for my health too. 运动对我的健康也有好处。(page 58) 短语 be good/great for 意思是“对……有益”。如: Milk is good for our bones.牛奶对我们的骨骼有好处。Sport is good for my health too. 拓展: be good at擅长……//be good with擅长; 和……相处的很好; 善于和……相处; be good with和be good at的区别 "be good with"意味着善于应付某种情况或与人相处融洽,强调的是与人交往的能力或处理人际关系的能力。例如,可以说某人" be good with children/ kids 善待孩子"或" be good with your hands 善用双手",表示这个人善于与孩子相处或手艺精湛。而"be good at"则表示在某方面有特长或技能,强调的是专业技能或学术上的优秀,例如,"I'm good at math."表示这个人数学很好。 5.What else do you often eat? 句中的else用于疑问词或复合不定代词之后,意思是“其他的,别的”;其所有格形式为else’s。如:Who else goes to the museum?//Where else do you want to go?你还想到哪儿去呢? Reading-Lifestyle: healthy or not? (page 58-60) 1.What we eat and how we live. (page 58)我们吃什么怎么样生活。What是eat的宾语。how表示生活的方式。 2.I dance for half an hour every day. (page 58)我每天跳半个小时的舞。 for 介词,表示持续。half an hour半小时//一个半小时one hour and a half=one and a half hours 3.I get nine hours of sleep every night, so I am always full of energy. (page 58, lines 2-3) 我每天晚上睡九个小时,所以我总是精力充沛。 短语 get ... hours of sleep(n. 〖UC〗) 意思是“睡……小时”,相当于 sleep(v.) for ... hours。如: He gets only five hours of sleep(n. 〖UC〗) a night.// He only sleeps(v.) for five hours a night.他每晚只睡五个小时。 9小时的睡眠:nine hours of sleep(n. 〖UC〗)/ sleep(v.) for nine hours / nine hours’ sleep(n. 〖UC〗)/ nine-hour sleep (n. 〖UC〗) so表示结果,“因此”;be full of…=be filled with… I am always full of energy.=I am always filled with energy.= I am always energetic. 4.It is important for me to keep fit. (page 58) 对我来说保持健康是重要的。 It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……。动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语,It是形式主语。如: It's healthy for us to have milk and eggs often.对我们来说,经常喝牛奶吃鸡蛋是健康的。 5.I also have a healthy diet. (page 58)我也有健康的饮食。 diet n.日常饮食〖UC〗&〖C〗diets 〖UC〗当"diet"表示一种普遍的食物或饮食习惯时,它被视为不可数名词。如: I need to watch my diet.我需要注意我的饮食。(这里的"diet"指的是整体的饮食习惯,无法被数出来, 为不可数名词。) 〖C〗当"diet"表示一种特定的饮食模式或计划时,可以被看作是可数名词。如: I am on a healthy diet.我正在进行健康的饮食计划。(这里的"diet"指的是特定的饮食方式,可以被数出来, 为可数名词。) 6.I never go to school without breakfast. (page 58)我从来不不吃早饭就上学。 without prep.没有 without sth./doing sth. 如: (1) There is no smoke without fire.无风不起浪。 (2) He walked past me without speaking.他从我身旁走过,一句话也没说。 7.For lunch, I like fish, meat and tofu. (page 58, lines 6-7)我午餐喜欢吃鱼、肉和豆腐。 句中的 tofu 又可称为bean curd,意思是“豆腐”。该词是从汉语音译而来的,类似的词还有kung fu(功夫)、tai chi(太极拳)等。tofu为〖UC〗,如:much tofu //dried tofu 豆干//stinky tofu臭豆腐 The tofu was too spicy for him.这块豆腐对他来说太辣了。 8.I seldom eat cakes or sweets. (page 58)= I don't eat cakes or sweets very often. I don't exercise very often. (page 58)= I seldom exercise.( seldom和often为反义词。) 9.Too much sugar is bad for our teeth. (page 58) 短语 be bad for 意思是“对……有害”。如: It’s bad for our teeth to eat too much sugar. too much修饰不可数名词。too many修饰可数名词复数。much too修饰形容词。如: too much meat//too many people//much too hot 10.I have a sweet tooth and it is hard for me to say no to cakes. (page 58, lines 11-12) 我爱吃甜食,对我来说要拒绝蛋糕是很难的。 have a sweet tooth爱吃甜食 It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……。动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语,It是形式主语。如: It's very easy for Amy to dance. 短语say no to 意思是“拒绝……”,类似的用法还有say hello to(向……问好)、say goodbye to(向……道别),say thanks to(向……道谢)等。如: I couldn't say no to ice cream.我无法拒绝冰淇淋。 I want to say thanks to my teachers.我想对我的老师们表达谢意。 11.Sometimes I stay up late. (page 58) stay up熬夜stay up to do sth.熬夜做某事 如: The students have to stay up to do their homework. 12.I need to get enough sleep. (page 58, lines 15-16)我需要充足的睡眠。 句中的enough 意思是“足够的,充分的”,用于名词复数或者不可数名词前。如: Do you have enough time to exercise?你有足够的时间锻炼吗? enough 还可以用作副词,放在形容词或副词之后,起修饰作用,意思是“足够地”。如: Is the water hot enough?水够热吗? need vi./vt. 需要 need sth.// need to do sth.// modal v. need do sth.; 如: All plants need light and water.一切植物都需要阳光和水。 Millie needs to take more exercise.= Millie need take more exercise. need n. 〖UC〗需要;必须;(食物、钱或生活来源的)短缺,缺乏;特别需要;欲望;迫切要求; 必需品;贫困(或困难)的处境”。 people in need//social need社会需要//physical need生理需要 ; 生理需求//growth need成长需要 ; 成长需求//power need权力需要 13.I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables and less sugar. (page 58) plan v. planning/planned plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事。如:I plan to exercise twice a week. more det. & pron.; 较多的,更多的(many/much的比较级,既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词。);less det. & pron.较少的,更少的(little的比较级,修饰不可数名词。)如: You should do more exercise and watch less TV. Grammar-Countable and uncountable nouns(page 61-62) 1.a piece of cheese//a glass of water//a bowl of soup//a packet of salt//two bags of rice//three cups of tea//four kilos of meat//five cartons of milk//six bottles of juice(page 62) 不可数名词的单复数用量词表示。 如:a loaf of bread一条面包//five loaves of bread五片面包//a drop of water一滴水 2.And for people with a sweet tooth, we can also get some sweets and chocolate! (page 62) 而且我们也得为喜欢吃甜食的人买些甜食和巧克力。 介词for 表示目的,译为“对于”;介词短语with a sweet tooth作后置定语修饰名词people。 第一个sweet 是形容词,“甜的”,第二个sweet是名词,“甜食、糖果”。 Integration-My lifestyle (page 64-66) 1. Less than 3 times a week.一周不到三次//More than 2 hours. 多于/超过两小时。(page 64) Less than 少于;More than多于/超过=over。times表示次数倍数等时是可数名词。一次once, 两次twice, 三次及以上用基数词+times。如:five times//ten times//one hundred times 2.You need to eat in a healthy way, exercise more or get more sleep. (page 65) 你需要健康地吃,多做运动或有更多的睡眠。or表示选择关系。 in a healthy way健康的方式;exercise v. ; sleep(n. 〖UC〗); more为much的比较级。 3…, but you need to make some changes to your diet, exercise or sleep.(page 65) …,但是你需要对你的饮食、运动或睡眠做出一些改变。 make some changes to对……做出改变; 句中changes为名词“变化”的复数形式。 如: You must make some changes to lifestyle. exercise n. 〖UC〗; sleep(n. 〖UC〗); 4.Sometimes I eat an apple or a banana after morning exercises. (page 65) 冠词an / a的用法:an用于元音音素前,a用在辅音因素前;exercises为可数名词 exercise的复数形式。or表示选择关系。 5.…, but I have a big meal for breakfast. (page 65) …,但是我早饭吃得很丰盛。 have a big meal “吃大餐”;大吃一顿;吃丰盛的一餐。 6. My mum also cooks delicious porridge. (page 65)我妈妈也(为我)煮美味的粥。 porridge n. 粥;麦片粥〖UC〗have/eat porridge喝粥(√)drink porridge( ) cook delicious porridge for me= cook me delicious porridge 7.It gives us energy for the whole morning. (page 65)它能为我们整个上午提供能量。 gives us energy= gives energy to us;the whole morning=all (the) morning 8.We should never miss breakfast. (page 65)我们从不应该不吃早饭。 miss vt.错过;想念miss sth./doing sth. adj. missing丢失的;不见的;Miss未婚女士 如:I missed catching the early bus. I miss my old friends very much. My watch went missing this morning. 9.For me, a healthy lifestyle is all about a healthy diet, enough exercise and rest. (page 66) 对我来说,健康的生活方式就是健康的饮食、足够的运动和休息。 all about 关于......的一切; 到处, 各处; be all about something 【俚】对…如痴如醉, 对…全心全意 enough +n.// adj./adv. +enough; enough money// important/quickly enough rest n. / v. 〖C〗rest在指具体的“休息时间”或“剩余物”时是可数名词。如短语“have a rest”和“take a rest”中,“have a rest”和“take a rest”都表示“休息一下”的意思,强调的是一次具体的休息行为,因此可以被视为可数名词的使用。 〖UC〗当rest作为不可数名词时,通常指的是剩余的部分或未使用的部分,作为一个整体概念。例如,在句子“I have finished most of the work, but there is still some rest left.”中, rest指的是剩余的工作部分,是一个整体概念,因此被视作不可数名词。 We'll eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast.我们将吃一点面包,剩下的留到早饭时吃。 You look tired. You need a good rest.你看来累了。你需要好好休息一下。 It would be nice to sit down and rest for a while.坐下来休息一会儿是很好的。 10.I also have a yogurt between meals. (page 66)我两餐之间也喝一份酸奶。 yogurt名词,既是不可数名词又是可数名词,意为"酸奶;一份酸奶",复数形式为yogurts. Do you have any low-fat yogurt?你要不要低脂的酸奶? between meals两餐之间 11.My mum likes to cook noodles in different ways, so I often eat noodles for dinner. (page 66) 我妈妈喜欢做不同的面(用不同的方式做面条),因此我晚饭经常吃面条。 in different ways用不同的方式; 12. I do sport almost every day. (page 66)//Sport helps me keep fit. (page 66)运动帮我保持健康。 do sport做运动(英式英语)=do sports(美式英语) help sb. (to) do sth.// keep fit= keep healthy 保持健康 13.I sleep for about 9 hours most nights. (page 66)我大多数夜晚睡约9小时。 sleep for about 9 hours= get about 9 hours of sleep; most det. &pron.大多数,几乎所有; 14.A good night's sleep gives me lots of energy for the next day. (page 66)夜间好的睡眠给我第二天提供很多能量。 A good night's sleep夜间好的睡眠; today’s homework//tomorrow’s meeting gives me lots of//much energy= gives lots of//much energy to me 15.I can stay fit with a healthy lifestyle. (page 66)拥有健康的生活方式我就能保持健康。 stay fit= keep fit= keep healthy 保持健康 with 有“和……在一起;具有;用;”等含义。如: Fewer people write with their left hand than with their right.用左手写字的人比用右手的人少。 Skill comes with practice.熟能生巧。 I watched with interest.我兴致勃勃地看着。 What's wrong with him?他怎么啦? 即时自测: 一、根据汉语提示或首字母写出下列单词或短语。 I need to have a good (1) _(日常饮食). It is (2) _(重要的) for us to live a (3) _(健康的) life. Vegetables, such as (4) _(胡萝卜), (5) _ (黄瓜) and (6) _(甜椒), are good for us. I eat them at (7) _(大多数,几乎所有) meals! I also eat more (8) _(小吃) like an apple or (9) _ (西瓜). I have a (10) _ (甜的) tooth, but I should say no to (11) _(甜食) because too much(12) _(食糖) is bad for our (13) _(健康). I don’t eat foods with lots of(14) _(盐), either. I should never go to school (15) w_ breakfast. For breakfast, eggs, milk and (16) _(薄饼) are good. I like (17) _(牛肉), (18) _(猪肉) and (19) _(羊肉) for lunch, I have (20) _(美味的) (21) _(粥) my mum cooks for me for dinner. I also have a(22) _(酸奶) between (23) _(一餐所吃的食物). I am a (24) h_ and seldom exercise. I (25) _(需要) to go for a walk every day to get (26) _(足够) exercise. To make sure I get enough sleep, I should not (27) _( 熬夜 ) too late to spend much time on my computer, (28) _(智能手机) and tablet every day. (29) _(也许) I should have a good (30) _(休息时间), so I can feel young and healthy with the right food and exercise. 二、用方框里单词或短语的正确形式填空。 have a sweet tooth; change one’s diet; he; watch; many; little; too many; be good for; stay up; say goodbye to; 1. Millie never goes to school without her parents. 2.Milk _ our bones. 3. Amy_ and it is hard for her to say no to cakes. 4. If you for computer games, you will feel sleepy in class. 5.Daniel needs _ to keep fit. 6. Watching TV is bad for our eyes. 7. —You should eat fast food from now on because you are too fat. —OK, Mum. 8. Don’t miss the exciting game this evening. 9. It’s time for David to change lifestyle now. He’s getting fat. 10. Give me some minutes, and I’ll do it well. 三、翻译下列句子。 1. (多吃蔬菜和水果)can (帮助我们保持健康). 2. My brother _(睡9个小时) every night, so he (充满精力) all day long. 3. This bowl of soup (尝起来美味). Do you want some? 4. (多少肉)does your brother eat every week? 5. (多长时间)do your parents watch TV every night? 6. (多久一次)do you play basketball? 7. I usually have (晚餐吃米饭和蔬菜). 8.Her sister (跳舞一个小时) every day. 9. — Please give me _(两瓶橙汁). I feel a little thirsty. — OK. Here you are. 10. You need _(多做运动)every day. It _(对你的健康有好处). 即时自测答案: 一、根据汉语提示或首字母写出下列单词或短语。 答案: (1) diet;(2)important;(3)healthy;(4)carrots;(5) cucumbers;(6)peppers;(7)most;(8)snacks; (9) watermelons;(10) sweet;(11)sweets;(12)sugar;(13) health;(14) salt;(15)without; (16)pancakes;(17)beef;(18)pork;(19) mutton;(20)delicious;(21) orridge;(22)yogurt;(23)meals; (24)homebody;(25)need;(26) enough;(27) stay up;(28) smartphone;(29)Maybe;(30) rest; 二、用方框里单词或短语的正确形式填空。 答案: 1.saying goodbye to;2.is good for;3.has a sweet tooth;4.stay up;5.to change his diet; 6.too much;7.less; 8.watching;9.his;10.more; 三、翻译下列句子。 答案: 1.Eating more vegetables and fruit;help us keep healthy. 2. gets nine hours of sleep/sleeps for nine hours;is full of energy 3. tastes delicious; 4.How much meat; 5.How long/How much time; 6.How often; 7. rice and vegetables for supper/dinner; 8.dances for an/one hour; 9.two bottles of orange juice; 10. to exercise more; is good for your health; 5 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$