Unit8 Grammar讲义- 2024-2025学年 译林版英语七年级上册

7AUnit 8 Grammar---现在进行时 “时态”表示一个动词在不同的时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，需要用不同的动词形式表示。“时”指动作发生的时间，“态”指动作的样子和状态。 一、现在进行时的基本用法： 1.现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或状态。如: I am chatting with the elders.我正和长辈们聊天。 My grandfather is walking around the park.我爷爷正在公园散步。 2.现在进行时可以表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。如: We are waiting for you here.我们正在这儿等你呢。 Tom is making a card for his mum all the afternoon.汤姆整个下午都在给妈妈做贺卡。 We are celebrating New Year this week.这一周我们都在欢庆新年。 二、现在进行时的时间状语: 如果句子带有鲜明的时间状语,如now,或带有look和listen等暗示词,或有表示现在的上下文语境,我们常用现在进行时。如: My mum is cooking dinner now.我妈妈正在做饭。 Listen! Our teacher is singing a song.听!我们的老师正在唱歌。 -Where is your father?你爸爸在哪儿? -Oh, he is cleaning his car.噢,他正在洗车。 ◆注意:有些动词一般不用于现在进行时,如know, understand, love, like, want, hear, see等。 三、现在进行时的基本结构是“主语+be+动词的现在分词”。动词的现在分词构成规则如下: 1.大多数动词后加ing，如：go-going 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加ing, 如：take-taking 3.以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing, 如：die-dying; lie-lying; tie-tying; 4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing , 如： get-getting; swim-swimming; 注意:重读闭音节首先必须是重读音节,同时这个音节是以辅音音素结尾。 四、现在进行时的句型转换： 1.现在进行时的否定句式是“主语+ be + not+动词的现在分词”结构。如: The students are not having lunch.学生们不在吃午餐。 2.现在进行时的一般疑问句式是把be提前至句首。如: -Is that girl listening to music now?那个女孩正在听音乐吗? -Yes, she is. 是的,她在。 3.现在进行时的特殊疑问句式是“疑问词+be+主语+动词的现在分词”。如: -What are you reading?你在看什么书? -I'm reading a book about Chinese tea culture.我在看一本有关中国茶文化的书。 注意点： 1.现在进行时的谓语动词由“be的某种形式+动词ing形式” 这两部分构成。这时be是助动词，没有实际意思，只起构成时态的作用。如： We are have breakfast. (错） We having breakfast. (错） We are having breakfast. (正) 2.表示感觉，愿望和状态的某些动词，如：have（有），know, understand, love, like, want, hope, hear, see等一般不用进行时。 3.双写末尾一个辅音字母再加ing形式的动词（现在分词须双写的动词）有： 一M一D一R加二G：一个MM点头更喜欢游泳。 （swimming/nodding/preferring），两个GG慢跑着去挖掘.(jogging/digging) 四N五P加十一T： 四N：开始计划跑赢了；(beginning/planning/running/winning); 五P：停止踩踏放弃拖地去购物。(stopping/stepping/dropping/mopping/shopping); 十一T：得到让坐去聊天，遗憾的是忘记放下切割，打赌设置击打！ (getting/letting/sitting/chatting; regretting/forgetting/putting/cutting；betting/setting/hitting) 4.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：begin, start, come, go, leave, arrive, return, die等。如： Mr. Wang is leaving Donghai for Beijing. = Mr. Wang will leave Donghai for Beijing. 即时自测： 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Look! Andy ________ (fly) a model plane and Amy __________ (play) football in the open air now. 2. Father isn’t at home. He ___________ (swim) in the lake near my home. 3. It’s seven o’clock now. His father and his mum ____________(tie) the brunches. 4. Kitty with her friends __________ (dance) in the room. Can’t you see? 5. ---Where is Millie? ---She___________ (chat) with her classmates in the classroom. 6. ---What _____Simon _______ (do)? ---He ___________ (paint) a picture on the blackboard. 7. ---______the girls _________(sing)? ---No, they_______________ (shout). Don’t talk with me, please. I ___________ (do) my homework. 8.I have dancing lessons. I ___________ (look) for my dancing shoes.　 9. Sandy is a member of the basketball team. Now she ____________ (practise ) with other team members. 10. Where is Amy? Oh, she _________ (talk) to her cousin Shirley. They ___________ (wait) for the school bus. 二、句型转换。 1. Jack is playing table tennis under a big tree. (改为否定句) Jack ________________ table tennis under a big tree. 2. The teacher is making a kite for Ann now. (改为一般疑问句) _________the teacher__________ a kite for Ann now? 3. The students are having a meeting in the classroom. (对划线部分提问) _____________ the students ____________ in the classroom? 4. Jim is seeing a film at Wanda Cinema. (对划线部分提问)_______ _____Jim ______a film? 5. Daniel studies in the library every Sunday afternoon. (用now作时间状语改写句子) Daniel _______　＿＿＿＿＿＿ in the library ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿． 即时自测答案： 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. is flying, is playing; 2. is swimming; 3.are tying; 4. is dancing; 5.is chatting; 6. is, doing; is painting; 7. Are, singing; are shouting; am doing; 8.am looking; 9. is practicing; 10.is talking; are waiting; 二、句型转换。 1.isn’t playing; 2.Is, making; 3.What are, doing; 4.Where is, seeing; 5.is studying, now; 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$