2025年中考英语二轮语法复习课件：专题九动词的时态

专题九　动词的时态 脉络构建·知重点 语法研析·速通关 时态 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法 一 般 现 在 时 结构 主语+am/is/are; 主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式 ①表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作,常与频度副词连用。 ②表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象。 [注意]此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 ③用在以if,unless,as soon as,when,once等引导的时间和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来时。 ④表示按计划或安排好的将要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,但仅限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive等。 标 志 词 ①频度副词:always,usually,often, sometimes,seldom,never,hardly ②频率词组:once a year,twice a month,three times a day等。 ③其他词组:in the morning,on Sundays,at weekends,every day/year...(every系列) 时态 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法 一 般 过 去 时 结构 主语+动词过去式 ①表示过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 ②表示过去常常或反复发生的动作,常与频度副词连用。 标 志 词 ①ago词组　②yesterday ③last及last词组 ④just now,in the past,in 1920等 ⑤at the age of...,used to... ⑥one day,long long ago,once upon a time 时态 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法 一 般 将 来 时 结构 主语+will/shall+动词原形; 主语+be going to+动词原形 ①表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。 ②be going to+动词原形,表示计划、打算做某事,表示已决定的、很可能发生的事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。 ③be doing表示将来,常用这种结构的动词有go,come,leave,stay,start,begin等,表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。 ④“be about to+动词原形”和“be to+动词原形”结构,表示即将 (立即)发生的动作。 ⑤用一般现在时表示将来的情况:a.表示按规定或时间表预计将发生的动作。b.当主句为一般将来时时,在if,as soon as,until,when等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。 标 志 词 ①tomorrow,soon ②next week/month...(next系列) ③in a week,in 2030,in+一段时间 ④one day,in the (near) future 时态 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法 现 在 进 行 时 结构 主语+am/is/are+动词现在分词 ①表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。 ②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。 ③go,leave,arrive,start等动词用现在进行时表示将来。 标 志 词 ①now,right now ②at present,at this time,at the/this moment　③these days　④when/while引导的表示现在时间的状语从句 ⑤Look!Listen! 时态 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法 过 去 进 行 时 结构 主语+was/were+动词现在分词 ①表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的动作,或表示过去一个动作发生时,另一动作正在进行。 ②过去进行时常和always等频度副词连用,表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作,此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩。 标 志 词 ①then ②at that time,at ten yesterday,at this time yesterday ③when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 时态 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法 现 在 完 成 时 结构 主语+has/have+动词过去分词 ①表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 ②表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态,也许还要持续下去,常和for,since连用,表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。 ③特殊用法: ·have gone to已去某地(未回);have been to曾去过某地(已回);have been in仍在某地 ·短暂性动词(瞬间动词)可以用于完成时,但不能与延续性的for...,since...连用,以及不能用于how long提问的疑问句中,常见的瞬间动词及其转换词组如下: borrow→have kept;buy→have had;begin/start→have been on;stop→have been over;open→have been open;close→have been closed;leave→have been away from;die→have been dead ·It is+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子 标 志 词 ①already,ever,never,just,yet,still ②recently,lately,so far,up to/till now ③in the past/last three years ④since 1998 ⑤for three years/for+一段时间 【先悟后练】 1.Didn’t your teacher tell you that sound ________(travel) more slowly than light? 2.Mrs Green said, “We will begin our meeting as soon as everyone ________(arrive).” 3.Elena _________(drop) the novel she was reading on the desk and looked out the window. 4.He _________(play) soccer on the playground tomorrow afternoon.  5.It ____________(rain) so hard that we couldn’t see the road clearly.  6.By the time I got to class, the teacher ____________(start) teaching.  7.She _________(be) to Beijing many times, so she knows it very well.  travels arrives dropped will play was raining had started has been 8.Over the past few years, more people ___________(fall) in love with hanfu.  9.Hurry up, Lucy! Your mother __________(wait) for you at the school gate now.  10.More than one person __________(regret) missing the chance to visit the museum the other day. 11.A number of students ____________(have) fun on the playground when the accident happened.  12.Dan is an artist. He _______(begin) to draw pictures at the age of five. 13.He was about ________(close) the door when an idea suddenly came to his mind.   14.I really regret sharing my secret with you, for I thought you ____________(keep) it to yourself.  have fallen is waiting regretted were having began to close would keep Ⅰ.根据语境,用所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2023·扬州中考)It seems that families are __________(spend) more and more time together. 2.(2024·无锡中考)Wuxi Metro Line S1 ________(start) to operate on January 31st, 2024. 3.(2024·黑龙江中考)The teacher told us that the earth ________(travel) around the sun. 4.(2024·临夏州中考)We ________(visit) the Great Wall last summer vacation. 5.(2024·凉山中考)On April 26, three astronauts from Shenzhou-18 __________ (succeed) in entering the space station and met the astronauts in Shenzhou-17. 语法巩固·提升练 spending started travels visited succeeded 6.(2024·达州中考)He __________(prefer) country music to pop music when he was young. 7.(2024·无锡中考)Some people believe robots _________(take) most jobs away from humans in the future.  8.(2024·无锡中考)The Shenzhou-18 astronauts _____________(work) in Tiangong space station since late April.  9.I _____________(learn) English ever since I was in Grade 3.  10.(2023·天水中考)When mom came home, Danny ____________(play) the piano in the living room.  11.My parents and I ________(visit) Yangmingshan Mountain this winter. preferred will take have worked have learned was playing visited 12.(2023·永州中考)Last week my sister _______(fail) her cooking exam because she burnt something. 13.A journey of a thousand li _______(begin)with a single step. 14.(2024·遂宁中考)Boys and girls, work hard! I believe you ___________ (succeed) in the exam.  15.He usually ________(prefer) reading books which tell traditional Chinese stories. 16.Over 180 North American teenagers ______(take) part in a “cloud dialogue”, learning about the Sanxingdui Ruins in China several weeks ago. 17.Look, two teams are __________(play) basketball on the playground. failed begins will succeed prefers took playing 18.What ______you ______(do) to my computer? It’s dead! 19.If this ______(go) on, the wild animals will soon have nowhere to live. 20.China’s Shenzhou-15 astronauts ______(take) a 7-hour-long spacewalk in February, 2023. 21.(2023·常德中考)—What’s your prediction about the future? —I think there _______ (be) less pollution.  22.(2023·兰州中考)We had a school trip last month and I _________(enjoy) every minute of it. 23.He ____________(drive) to work when he heard the exciting news on the radio.  have done goes took will be enjoyed was driving Ⅱ.根据中文意思,补全英语译文 1.温妮的妹妹暂时在学校的图书馆学习。 Winnie’s sister ___ _________in the school library for the time being. 2.他们正在打扫教室吗? _____they _________the classroom? 3.那些男工人正在做什么? What _____the men workers ______? is studying Are cleaning are doing 4.对不起,我现在正在开车。我稍后再给你回电话好吗? Sorry,I ____ ________at the moment. Can I call you back later? 5.——看!男孩们在做什么? ——他们在打篮球。 —Look! What are the boys doing? —They ____ ________basketball. am driving are playing Ⅲ.阅读下面短文,从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 一个为多余选项 A.move　B.has been　C.has overcome D.had　E.trying　F.liked to　G.wants Zhang Junli,an amazing woman,is from Taiyuan,Shanxi Province. She 1. _______ life’s greatest difficulties to become one of the most famous painters in China. She has been paralyzed(瘫痪的) for over 30 years. When she was six,Zhang 2._______ a serious illness. At eight,she could not move 90% of her body. She can only 3._______ her shoulders and neck a little now.  　C　 　D　 　A　 However,being paralyzed never prevented her from 4._______ to follow her dreams. Zhang took up drawing at a young age and started learning painting in 2015. Though it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush, her love for painting is always pushing her to challenge herself.  “Painting has changed me. The first time I picked up a brush,I felt that I 5._______ draw,”says Zhang. “The world is so beautiful. Even if I am in poor health,I don’t want to give up the chance to live. ”Now Zhang has created thousands of pencil sketches(素描). She also has an online shop called Zhang Junli’s Paintings,where she sells her works.  　E　 　F　 Zhang 6._______ to use her works to encourage those who are like her,and to tell them never to give up. “Instead of crying and worrying all day,find your meaning in life. Live in the present,” says Zhang,a true inspiration.  　G　 $$