2025年中考英语二轮语法复习课件：专题二冠词

专题二　冠　词 脉络构建·知重点 语法研析·速通关 语法巩固·提升练 脉络构建·知重点 语法研析·速通关 考点一　不定冠词a和an的基本用法 用　法 示　例 用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前 I saw a boy over there.He was sleeping.我看到一个男孩在那边。他正在睡觉。 用来指一类人或事物中的任何一个,相当于any I want to buy an English book.我想买一本英语书。 表示数量,相当于one或each I have a mouth,a nose and two eyes.我有一张嘴、一个鼻子和两只眼睛。 指某人或某物,但不具体指明哪个人或物 A man is waiting for you at the gate.有个人正在大门口等你。 用　法 示　例 表示类别,泛指某一类人或物 A horse is bigger than a rabbit.一匹马比一只兔子大。 表示“每一”的意思,相当于every once a week一周一次 200 kilometers an hour每小时200千米 用在such,quite,rather,half,what等词之后 such a busy day如此忙的一天　half an hour 半小时 用在某些固定搭配中 a bit一点 in a word总而言之 have a try试一试 [注意]不定冠词一般只用于单数可数名词之前,a用于发音以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于发音以元音音素开头的单词前。(注意:元/辅音音素≠元/辅音字母。) 常见的以元音字母开头的单词前面用a,an的情况: A a an ancient story/an apple/an artist/an aunt/an Asian country/an American girl E e an exciting job/an egg/an 8-year-old boy/an 11-year-old boy/an email address/a European country I i an idea/an interesting story O o an orange/an old man/an outgoing girl/an Olympic star U u a“u”/a useful book/a university student/a UFO/a usual farmer an umbrella/an ugly man/an uncle/an unusual story/an unhappy day 特别记 不规则:an honest boy/an hour(h不发音) 发音以元音音素开头的字母:an “a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x” 考点二　定冠词the的基本用法 用　法 示　例 用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前 She plays the piano. 她弹钢琴。 用于谈话双方都知道的人或事物前 On the right there was a bed.And on the bed there was a boy. 在右边有一张床。在床上有一个男孩。 用在单数可数名词前,表示某一类人或事物 The dog is more useful than the cat. 狗比猫有用多了。 用　法 示　例 和某些形容词连用,表示一类人,在意义上常是复数 the old老人　the sick病人 the rich富人 用在姓氏的复数形式前,指一家人或夫妇 the Smiths史密斯一家 the Wangs王先生一家 用在序数词及形容词或副词的最高级之前 the first floor 一楼 the tallest building 最高的建筑物 用　法 示　例 用在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛的名称前;用在表示世界上独一无二的东西的名词前 the Changjiang River 长江 the Pacific Ocean太平洋 the sun太阳 the world世界 用在由普通名词构成的一些表示机构、文娱场所、商店、设施等的专有名词前 the Great Wall 长城 the Science Museum 科学博物馆 the Friendship Store 友谊商店 用　法 示　例 在与某些名词的所有格连用时表示场所 the doctor’s医生办公室 the barber’s理发店 用在next,last,same,only等词前 the next moment下一刻 the last time最后一次 用在某些固定搭配中 in the end在最后 by the way顺便问一下 考点三　零冠词的常见基本用法 用　法 示　例 在某些固定搭配中 day and night夜以继日地 by mistake错误地 在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋类、游戏等名词前 have supper吃晚饭 play football踢足球 在与by连用的交通工具前 by train 乘火车 by bus乘公共汽车 用　法 示　例 专有名词,如人名、地名、街道名等 Beijing Street 北京大街 Baiyun Airport白云机场 Teachers’ Day教师节 季节、月份、星期前 Sunday 星期天 summer夏天 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时 this book这本书 my son我的儿子 Jack’s bike杰克的自行车 [注意] 1.节日前一般不加冠词,但我国含有“Festival”的传统节日前,要加定冠词the。例如: the Spring Festival 春节 2.某些短语中有无the表达的意义不同。例如: be in hospital 　　　　 住院 be in the hospital 在医院 go to school 去上学 go to the school 去学校 【先悟后练】 Ⅰ.根据句意,用合适的冠词(a, an,the)或“/”填空 1.My brother often plays ___football with his classmates after school.   2._____ medical book Tian Hui Yi Jian by Bian Que and Cang Gong has come out in Chengdu. 3.Natalia, ____ exchange student from Spain, is ___ university student in Sichuan now. 4.There is ___ useful robot in the restaurant near my home. 5.Caring for _____old is the most important tradition in a Chinese family. / The an a the a 6.My father is ___cook in Sichuan Restaurant. 7.China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since _____late 1970s, according to the World Bank. 8.On _____morning of December 1st, we will have a party. 9.Salt plays ____important role in cooking dishes. 10.Guangdong is in _____south of China. a the the an the Ⅱ.短文填空 　　How to properly face and deal with unlucky things? The following boy sets 1.___ good example for us. 2.____ 11-year-old boy called Jaden Hayes went through two worst things.First, his father died of cancer when he was four.Soon after,he lost his left leg in a traffic accident.And he had to walk with a walking stick and his right leg.After 3.____ most difficult time, he began to turn his sadness for the better.  　　Then Jaden asked his mother to buy 4.___ lot of little toys and he wanted to give 5.____ toys away.“I’m trying to make people smile,” said Jaden. a An the a the Ⅰ.用适当的冠词或“/”填空 1.Mr Green is in ___hurry all the time. 2.My class went on ___field trip to look at some different rocks last weekend. 3.I fell at school today while I was playing ___ volleyball.  4.I really want to learn to play _____guitar. But my parents ask me to study ___lot to get good grades. 5.Mary doesn’t really want to spend ____hour or more traveling on _____train. 6.There are many animals living on _____earth, and they should have ___place here just like humans. 7.I would advise you to do some exercise there at ___least twice ___week.  语法巩固·提升练 a a / the a an the the a / a 8.I was dreaming ___terrible dream when suddenly I was woken up. 9.What ___great shame it was not to include _____Greens! 10.Thanks for listening and hope you have ___good time here in Sea World. 11.I go on ___picnic every month, but I visit the museum twice ___month.  12.I went to ___university in New Zealand. _____university was set up in _____early twentieth century. 13.He was born in Beijing in _____1980s. 14.Laura was _____last person we would have suspected(怀疑). 15._____ guitar keeps you on _____key while you are singing. 16.India is _____largest country in population, while Russia is the largest in ___area.  a a the a a a a The the the the The the the / 17.I am going to take up ___chemistry this semester.  18.Let’s go to _____cinema—that’ll take your mind off _____problem for ___while. 19.The biggest whale is _____blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—____ height of a 9-story building. 20.This area experienced _____heaviest rainfall in _____month of May. 21.Laura wants to go to ___summer school in _____countryside. 22.He lives in ___rather comfortable house. 23._____ Greens will go abroad for a vacation. 24.Playing ___basketball often is good for your health.   25.My headteacher always teaches me to be ____honest student. / the the a the the the the a the a The / an Ⅱ.语法填空 　　阅读下列短文,用适当的冠词填空,不填的用“/”表示。 　　Have you ever seen Along the River During the Qingming Festival? Almost everyone has heard of this painting in his history 1. ___ class. But how much do you know about 2.____ famous painting?   　　It was painted by Zhang Zeduan, 3.____ artist in the Song Dynasty. 4._____ painting shows people’s lives in the Song Dynasty. There are lots of shops, restaurants, hotels and houses on both sides of 5.____ river,and the roads are crowded with people. / the an The the 　　Now you have the chance to feel like you’re living in that time. The painting was remade into 6.___ 3D version. The people,animals and ships are moving in 7.____ painting. We can see the river flowing and hear 8.____ sound of the drum. From October 21st to December 11th, 9.____ 3D Along the River During the Qingming Festival will be shown in 10. ___ Shanghai. Don’t fail to see it to feel people’s lives in the Song Dynasty by yourself.  a the the the / $$