Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单元测试-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）

Unit 2 Sports and Fitness单元测试 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共30分，略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As a photographer, have you thought about entering photo competitions? Which photo competition should you enter? If you’ve found yourself asking the questions, you’re in the right place. This article will introduce some of the most famous photo competitions to you. World Press Photo Awards If you want to test your photojournalism (摄影新闻报道) skills against others in more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards. The competition has been hosted each year since 1955 and there are regional and overall winners.Deadline: January Entry Fee: Free Prizes: Regional winners: €1,000. Global winners: €6,000. Istanbul Photo Awards The Istanbul Photo Awards is hosted each year by Anadolu Agency, Turkey. But you don’t need to have a base in Istanbul to enter the competition. You can apply for several categories, including single news, story news, and categories ranging from sports to nature. The competition is organized mainly for news photographers.Deadline: February Entry Fee: Free Prizes: Category winners: $ 3,000. Runners-up (亚军): $1,500. Third-placed: $ 1,000. Amateur Photographer of the year The Amateur Photographer of the year award is held every year. You’ll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different topic.Deadline: Varies Entry Fee: Free Prizes: Winner gets £ 500 (each round); £ 1,000 for the overall winner. Second-placed get £ 100. Third-placed get £ 50. Landscape Photographer of the Year If you live in the UK and want to show your country’s beauty, you might want to consider entering the competition. The competition has several categories, including city life, black and wife, and classic view.Deadline: May Entry Fee: £ 9.99 Prizes: Winner gets £ 10,000 and a book. Category winners: £ 1,000 and a book. Category runners-up: A book. 1．What do World Press Photo Awards and Istanbul Photo Awards have in common? A．They require entry fees. B．They set three levels of prizes. C．They are hosted in the same month each year. D．They are mainly held for news photographers. 2．Which competition can a photographer enter several times in a year? A．Istanbul Photo Awards. B．World Press Photo Awards. C．Amateur Photographer of the year. D．Landscape Photographer of the Year. 3．A category winner who enters Landscape Photographer of the Year can get ______. A．£ 500 B．£ 1,000 C．£ 6,000 D．£ 10,000 B Have you tried to run or walk for exercise and then given up? If you answered yes, you should try a new kind of exercise: aquatic (水中的) exercise. Aquatic exercise is like exercise on land, but you do it in a swimming pool. More and more people are trying aquatic exercise now. Aquatic exercise feels easier than exercising on land. Why? You weigh about 90% less in the pool. It is better for your knees than running or walking. Water is about 1,000 times thicker and heavier than air. To move through the water, your body has to work four times as hard. As a result, you can burn (燃烧) more calories (卡路里). In fact, most people say they feel more relaxed in the water. They stop thinking about the things that make them worried. They feel in control (控制) of their bodies. The cool, quiet environment makes them feel good. But what if you are afraid (害怕) of the water? No problem! There is nothing to worry about. Aquatic exercise is safe and easy to learn. It doesn’t require (需要) any special skills. You don’t even need to know how to swim. Aquatic exercise is fit for everyone. 4．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The advantages (优点) of aquatic exercise. B．Weight change of one’s body. C．Difference between land and water. D．The ways to do exercise on land. 5．What do most people think of aquatic exercise? A．Difficult B．Dangerous (危险的) C．Relaxing. D．Boring. 6．According to the passage, aquatic exercise is _________. A．done in groups B．fit for everyone C．difficult to learn D．done with special skills 7．In which part of a magazine (杂志) can we read the passage? A．Culture. B．Health. C．Nature. D．Travel. C “I was captivated by weightlifting during the London 2012 Olympic Games,” says Fiona Clements, a software developer working in London. “I think it’s partly because the effort is so obvious—you can see every flash of doubt, pain and happiness of success on the athletes’ faces.” Clements was 48 at the time. She thought she’d left it far too late to even consider trying it, but then she kept thinking about it. “It took until September 2022, but I finally went for it.” Clements signed up for a beginner’s class with Sally Moss, a strength coach who is an expert in Olympic lifting, and loved it from her first class. Now 58, Clements can lift 50kg and push 21kg overhead. She says she has never felt stronger. Resistance training, to use the term for any type of exercise where you’re working against weight, whether it’s using dumbbells(哑铃), exercise bands or just your own body weight, is extremely beneficial. “I just thought that it would be impossible to make a difference to my body as an older woman,” says Joann a Blacker, a small business owner, who took up strength training at 53. “I’d gained weight and felt awful. I certainly didn’t think that weightlifting would be the way I would change my body.” Blacker can now lift 40kg for 10 repetitions and feels more than ready to deal with training alone. Clements, at the same time, has already signed up with her local gym, for the days she’s not training with Moss. “I can feel these bands of hard muscle when I move my arms and legs that I’m pretty sure weren’t there before,” she says. “But the best part is that I’m actually able to understand the sport I love. It still feels like magic when that bar goes overhead.” 8．What does the underlined word “captivated” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Uninterested. B．Attracted. C．Upset. D．Satisfied. 9．Why did Clements fail to try weightlifting in 2012? A．She was fearful of the pain. B．She found it hard to get a top coach. C．She was doubtful about its lasting effects. D．She thought she was too old to have a go. 10．What did Blacker benefit from taking up weightlifting? A．She increased her willpower. B．She improved her body shape. C．She found a part-time job in this field. D．She had her busy daily life changed. 11．What does Clements say about weightlifting? A．She has a deeper understanding of it. B．She suggests starting it at a local gym. C．She enjoys muscle-building most of all. D．She finds it more magic than hard work. D On Sunday, Tigst Assefa of Ethiopia shocked the running world by breaking the women’s world record for the marathon by over two minutes. Assefa finished the Berlin Marathon in just 2 hours, 11 minutes, and 53 seconds. But Assefa’s record was far beyond what most people expected. After all, it was only her third time running a marathon. “I wanted to break the marathon world record,” she said, “But I couldn’t imagine that it would result in a time under 2:12.” When Assefa was younger, she started by running short races, called sprints. Then she became a middle-distance runner, running the 800 meters (half mile) race. Her best time in the 800 meters was 1 minute and 59 seconds. Last March, she ran her first marathon. Then last September, she entered the Berlin Marathon. She won, and set a new women’s record for the course, finishing in 2:15:37. This year, she ran almost four minutes faster than she did last year. In both races, Assefa ran faster in the second half of the race than she did in the first half. Her time of 2:11:53 was over two minutes faster than the old women’s record (2:14:04), which was set in Chicago in 2019 by Brigid Kosgei of Kenya. When she finished the race, Assefa kneeled down and kissed the pavement before raising her arms in victory. Though Assefa made it look easy, she said winning the race “…was the result of hard work.” Assefa was coached by Gemedu Dedefo, who has helped train many Ethiopian star runners. 12．What is Assefa’s latest record for the marathon? A．2:11:53. B．2:14:04. C．2:15:37. D．1:59:00. 13．What does Assefa think of her victory? A．It is what she expected. B．It is a piece of cake for her. C．It is due to great effort. D．It is because of her coach. 14．Which word best describes Tigst Assefa as a runner? A．Talented. B．Friendly. C．Humorous. D．Warm-hearted. 15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Dedefo Helps to Train Many Star Runners B．Kosgei Holds the Women’s Marathon Record C．Assefa Sets a Good Example to Other Runners D．Assefa Breaks the Women’s Marathon Record 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sports are as important as studies for students because they help students to stay focused and enjoy working. 16 Here are some best sports for students to play at school. 17 About 250 million players in over 200 countries play this sport. The rules in football allow each team to have eleven players on the field at a time. The sport can be played almost everywhere. It is certainly a good sport for the students in the school. Another excellent sport for students is basketball. 18 Each team has five people playing in the ground. The players compete against each other in a court (球场) to achieve the main goal of shooting a basketball through the defenders (后卫). Volleyball is also a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by the net. Each of the team tries forcefully to score points by grounding the ball on the other team court under organized rules. 19 It is generally agreed that softball developed from a game called indoor baseball, first played in Chicago in 1887. It is played with a larger ball on the smaller field. 20 When the weather is bad, softball is a very good indoor sport for students. You can include these best sports for students to play at school to keep them energetic and do better in their studies. A．Everybody knows that basketball is a team sport. B．Sports are a must for students at school or home. C．It is allowed to hit the ball with any part of the body. D．Everyone tries to do a goal against the other using a stick. E．As the whole world knows, football is the king of the sports. F．The game moves at a faster speed than the traditional baseball. G．It is a bat and ball sport playing between two teams of eleven players. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) 21 part in a lot of 22 such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against 23 in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is 24 to be an excellent athlete and 25 all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the 26 is his favorite. To build up 27 , he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, 28 makes him relaxed and 29 . Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a 30 diet. Once he signed up for a marathon 31 in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in 32 . However, though under stress, he didn’t 33 but ran as hard as he could to 34 for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the 35 of the citizens. 21．A．active B．confident C．anxious D．joyful 22．A．shows B．topics C．events D．lectures 23．A．sweating B．cheating C．pretending D．packing 24．A．thought B．impressed C．recommended D．allowed 25．A．act B．master C．edit D．volunteer 26．A．company B．classroom C．office D．gym 27．A．determination B．stress C．strength D．friendship 28．A．playing B．walking C．jogging D．hiking 29．A．strong B．weak C．unique D．attractive 30．A．traditional B．economical C．advanced D．balanced 31．A．solved B．attended C．moved D．hosted 32．A．detail B．success C．failure D．experience 33．A．give up B．clean up C．make up D．sign up 34．A．apply B．arrange C．explore D．compete 35．A．goal B．admiration C．comment D．wisdom 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many young people wants 36 (become) great athletes. They exercise and lift weights in the gym. But the fact is that they don’t become stronger, 37 makes them unhappy. Therefore, some of them are considering 38 (take) pills, which they think will help them become 39 (strong) than before. However, the truth is that these pills usually have some unintended side 40 (effect). Some of them may even affect 41 (they) liver or heart. 42 fact, some great athletes such as Griffith Joyner, died very young because they 43 (take) some pills. For the above reasons, I suggest that young people be 44 (care) not to take pills. 45 best way to become stronger is going to a gym to work out. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华，在你校体育节到来之际，校英语报征文，希望大家撰文介绍自己最喜欢的一项体育运动，请你据此写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.你最喜欢的运动项目；2.你喜欢这项运动的原因。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear editor. I’m Li Hua and I’m writing to introduce my favorite sport. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li hua 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My son Joey was born with disabled feet. The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally — but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in surgery, casts and braces. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had a problem when you saw him walk. The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, and Joey would jump right in and run and play, too. Although I was a little worried about his state, we never told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to run as well as the other children. So he didn’t know it. Every day after school, he would run and jump crazily, laughing cheerfully with his friends. Before bed, he was delighted to share everything that he enjoyed with me, and the brightness on his face drove away all my anxiety. In his seventh grade, the school planned to hold a cross-country race. On hearing the news, he jumped with joy, and he decided to go out for the cross-country team. What worried me most was the extreme strength and patience that was required for the race. However, his strong determination eventually changed my attitude towards the event. I made up mind to be in favor of him. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others — perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to score points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day, he got a fever, and I advised him to have a rest. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two weeks later, the big day came. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．D 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个最著名的摄影比赛。 1．细节理解题。根据World Press Photo Awards中“If you want to test your photojournalism (摄影新闻报道) skills against others in more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards. (如果你想在多个比赛中测试你的新闻摄影技能，可以考虑参加世界新闻摄影奖)”以及Istanbul Photo Awards中“The competition is organized mainly for news photographers. (该比赛主要是为新闻摄影师组织的)”可知，它们主要为新闻摄影师举办。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据Amateur Photographer of the year中“You’ll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different topic. (你将有机会参加全年的几轮比赛，每一轮都有不同的主题)”可知，年度业余摄影师比赛中，摄影师一年内可以参加几轮比赛。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据Landscape Photographer of the Year最后一条中“Category winners: £ 1,000 and a book.(类别获奖者：1000英镑和一本书)”可知，进入年度风景摄影师的类别获奖者可以获得£ 1,000。故选B项。 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 【导语】 本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一种新的锻炼方式：水中运动。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Aquatic exercise feels easier than exercising on land. Why? You weigh about 90% less in the pool. It is better for your knees than running or walking. Water is about 1,000 times thicker and heavier than air. To move through the water, your body has to work four times as hard. As a result, you can burn (燃烧) more calories (卡路里).(在水中运动比在陆地上运动容易。为什么？你在泳池里的体重减轻了90%。它比跑步或散步对你的膝盖更好。水的厚度和重量大约是空气的1000倍。要在水中移动，你的身体必须付出四倍的努力。因此，你可以燃烧更多的卡路里。)”可知，这一段介绍了水中运动比陆地上的运动更容易的原因，它不伤害你的膝盖，且能燃烧更多的卡路里。这一段介绍的是水中运动的优点。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In fact, most people say they feel more relaxed in the water.(事实上，大多数人说他们感觉在水中更轻松些。)”可知，大多数人觉得水中运动令人感到轻松。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Aquatic exercise is safe and easy to learn. It doesn’t require any special skills. You don’t even need to know how to swim. Aquatic exercise is for everyone.(水中运动很安全，也很容易学会。它不需要任何特殊的技能。你甚至不需要知道如何游泳。水中运动适合每个人。)”可知，水中运动非常安全、学起来也很容易，不需要什么特殊的技能，它适合每个人。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you answered yes, you should try a new kind of exercise: aquatic (水中的) exercise.(如果你的答案是肯定的，你应该尝试一种新的运动：水中运动。)”可知，本文介绍的是一种越来越受人们欢迎的新运动——水中运动，这样的内容应该在杂志上的健康版块。故选B。 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 【导语】本文为记叙文。本文介绍了两个普通人对举重项目的尝试，以及举重给他们带来的影响和改变。 8．词义猜测题。根据下文“I think it’s partly because the effort is so obvious—you can see every flash of doubt, pain and happiness of success on the athletes’ faces.”（我认为这在一定程度上是因为努力是显而易见的——你可以从运动员脸上看到怀疑、痛苦和幸福在运动员脸上的显现）可知，作者被举重吸引了。故划线词的意思是“吸引”。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Clements was 48 at the time. She thought she’d left it far too late to even consider trying it, but then she kept thinking about it. “It took until September 2022, but I finally went for it.”…”（Clements当时48岁。她认为自己已经太迟了，甚至没有考虑尝试，但后来她一直在想。她说，“直到2022年9月，但我最终还是选择它”。）可知，Clements在2012年没有尝试举重是因为她认为她年纪太大了，不能尝试。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段““I just thought that it would be impossible to make a difference to my body as an older woman,” says Joann a Blacker, a small business owner, who took up strength training at 53. “I’d gained weight and felt awful. I certainly didn’t think that weightlifting would be the way I would change my body.””（“我只是觉得，作为一名年长的女性，想要去改变身材是不可能的。”小企业主Blacker在53岁时开始了力量训练。“我曾经很胖，感觉很糟糕。我没想过举重会是改变我身材的方式”）可知，布莱克通过举重运动改善了自己的体型。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But the best part is that I’m actually able to understand the sport I love. It still feels like magic when that bar goes overhead.”（但最棒的是，我实际上能够理解我热爱的运动。当杠铃举过头顶时，这感觉仍然像魔术一样）可知，Clements对举重有更深的理解。故选A。 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了埃塞俄比亚选手蒂格斯特·阿塞法打破了女子马拉松世界纪录，以2小时11分53秒的成绩完成比赛，并简要回顾了她从事跑步事业的经历。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“On Sunday, Tigst Assefa of Ethiopia shocked the running world by breaking the women’s world record for the marathon by over two minutes. Assefa finished the Berlin Marathon in just 2 hours, 11 minutes, and 53 seconds. (周日，埃塞俄比亚选手蒂格斯特·阿塞法以缩短两分多钟的成绩打破了女子马拉松世界纪录，震惊了跑步界。阿塞法以2小时11分53秒的成绩完成了柏林马拉松比赛)”可知，阿塞法创造的最新马拉松纪录是2小时11分53秒。故选A项。 13．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Though Assefa made it look easy, she said winning the race “…was the result of hard work.” (虽然阿塞法看起来很容易，但她说赢得这场比赛是“努力的结果”)”可知，阿塞法认为她的获胜源于巨大的努力。故选C项。 14．推理判断题。根据第五段“Last March, she ran her first marathon. Then last September, she entered the Berlin Marathon. She won, and set a new women’s record for the course, finishing in 2:15:37. (去年3月，她第一次跑马拉松。去年9月，她参加了柏林马拉松比赛。她赢得了比赛，并以2分15秒37的成绩刷新了该场地的女子纪录)”、第六段“This year, she ran almost four minutes faster than she did last year. In both races, Assefa ran faster in the second half of the race than she did in the first half. (今年，她比去年快了将近4分钟。在两场比赛中，阿塞法在后半程跑得都比前半程快)”、第二段“But Assefa’s record was far beyond what most people expected. After all, it was only her third time running a marathon. (但阿塞法的记录远远超出了大多数人的预期。毕竟，这只是她第三次跑马拉松)”和第七段中“Her time of 2:11:53 was over two minutes faster than the old women’s record (2:14:04) (她的成绩是2:11:53，比旧女子纪录（2:14:04）快了两分钟多)”可知，阿塞法目前为止参加了三次马拉松比赛，成绩一直在提升，第二次比赛就刷新了该场地的女子纪录，第三次比赛就创造了新的世界纪录，比原先纪录快了两分钟多。由此推知，她是一名极具天赋的跑步运动员。故选A项。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“On Sunday, Tigst Assefa of Ethiopia shocked the running world by breaking the women’s world record for the marathon by over two minutes. (周日，埃塞俄比亚选手蒂格斯特·阿塞法以缩短两分多钟的成绩打破了女子马拉松世界纪录，震惊了跑步界)”可知，文章主要报导了蒂格斯特·阿塞法打破了女子马拉松世界纪录，并简要回顾了她从事跑步事业的经历。由此可知，D项“阿塞法打破女子马拉松纪录”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 16．B 17．E 18．A 19．C 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍几种最适合学生在学校做的运动项目。 16．根据上文“Sports are as important as studies for students because they help students to stay focused and enjoy working. (对学生来说，运动和学习一样重要，因为它们有助于学生保持专注并享受工作。)”可知，体育锻炼对学生来说很重要。选项B“无论是在学校还是在家里，学生都必须参加体育运动。”和上文意思一致。故选B。 17．根据下文“About 250 million players in over 200 countries play this sport. The rules in football allow each team to have eleven players on the field at a time. (200多个国家约有2.5亿运动员参加这项运动。足球规则允许每支球队一次有11名球员在场上。)”可知，这一段提到受欢迎的足球运动。选项E“全世界都知道，足球是体育之王。”和下文意思一致。故选E。 18．根据上文“Another excellent sport for students is basketball.(另一项优秀的学生运动是篮球。)”和下文“Each team has five people playing in the ground. (每队有五人在场上比赛。)”可知，这里指出篮球是团队比赛项目。选项A“每个人都知道篮球是一项团队运动。”和下文意思一致。故选A。 19．根据上文“Volleyball is also a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by the net. Each of the team tries forcefully to score points by grounding the ball on the other team court under organized rules. (排球也是一项团队运动，由六名队员组成的两支队伍被网隔开。球队中的每一个人都试图在有组织的规则下，通过将球落地在另一个球队的球场上来强行得分。)”可知，这里提到排球的运动规则。选项C“允许用身体的任何部位击球。”和上文意思一致。故选C。 20．根据上文“It is generally agreed that softball developed from a game called indoor baseball, first played in Chicago in 1887. It is played with a larger ball on the smaller field. (人们普遍认为，垒球是从1887年在芝加哥首次进行的一种名为室内棒球的比赛发展而来的。在较小的场地上用较大的球进行比赛。)”可知，这里提到垒球比赛和棒球比赛的区别。选项F“这项比赛进行得比传统棒球快。”和上文意思一致。故选F。 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．D 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了对生活保持积极态度，热爱运动的Richard的故事。他在一次马拉松比赛中受伤，却坚持到底完成比赛，不仅赢得了比赛也赢得了人们对他体育精神的尊重。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对运动很感兴趣，并积极参加许多项目，如足球、拳击、滑雪和羽毛球。A. active活跃的，积极的；B. confident有信心的；C. anxious焦虑的，紧张的；D. joyful快乐的，令人愉快的。根据前文“He is interested in doing sports(他对运动很感兴趣)”可知，Richard对运动感兴趣，因此会积极参与到各种运动中。“take an active part in…”，意为“积极参加……”。故选A项。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对运动很感兴趣，并积极参加许多项目，如足球、拳击、滑雪和羽毛球。A. shows表演；B. topics话题；C. events事件，比赛项目；D. lectures讲座。根据后文举例“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton(比如足球、拳击、滑雪和羽毛球)”可知，这些是运动项目。故选C项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是反对体育运动中的作弊行为，并尽量避免比赛中的失误。A. sweating流汗；B. cheating欺骗，作弊，逃避；C. pretending假装；D. packing打包，收拾。根据后文后文“However, though under stress, he didn’t _____13_____ but ran as hard as he could to _____14_____ for his team.(然而，尽管压力很大，他并没有放弃，而是尽全力为团队比赛。)”可知，他在比赛中拥有体育精神，尽管受伤但坚持比赛，不逃避，不作弊。故选B项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他被推荐为一名优秀的运动员，精通各种运动。A. thought认为，思考；B. impressed给……留下深刻印象；C. recommended推荐，建议；D. allowed允许。根据前文“He is always against _____3_____  in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches.(他总是反对体育运动中的作弊行为，并尽量避免比赛中的失误。)”可知，他在比赛中表现很好，因此可推知，凭借他的优秀表现和品质，他被推荐为优秀运动员。选项A“thought”虽有“认为”含义，但其更多地用于表达个人的见解或意见。选项C“recommended”表“推荐”含义，侧重某种性质，特征等令人满意或受欢迎，更符合语境搭配。故选C项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他被推荐为一名优秀的运动员，精通各种运动。A. act表演，行动；B. master掌握；C. edit编辑，校订；D. volunteer自愿做。根据前文“He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) _____1_____  part in a lot of _____2_____  such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton.(他对运动很感兴趣，并积极参加许多项目，如足球、拳击、滑雪和羽毛球。)”可知，他积极参加各种运动项目，由此可推知，他擅长很多运动。故选B项。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最喜欢在健身房做训练。A. company公司；B. classroom教室；C. office办公室；D. gym健身房。根据前文“Doing gymnastics(做训练)”可知，做训练应该是在健身房。故选D项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了增强体力，他每天在体育场里慢跑。A. determination决心；B. stress压力；C. strength长处，体力；D. friendship勇气。根据动词“build up”意为“增强，增加”以及后文“he jogs in the stadium every day(他每天在体育馆慢跑)”可知，慢跑应该是为了锻炼身体，增强自己的体力。故选C项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他看来，慢跑使他放松和强壮。A. playing玩耍；B. walking散步，步行；C. jogging慢跑；D. hiking远足。根据前文“he jogs in the stadium every day(他每天在体育馆慢跑)”可知，他每天会慢跑，应是因为慢跑给他带来了好处，因此，该句应是在讲述慢跑的好处。故选C项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他看来，慢跑使他放松和强壮。A. strong强壮的；B. weak虚弱的；C. unique独一无二的；D. attractive吸引人的，迷人的。根据前文“In his mind, ___8____ makes him relaxed(在他看来，慢跑使他放松)”并结合常识可知，慢跑让他放松，同时这种锻炼应该也会使人身体强壮。故选A项。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，为了拥有苗条的身材，他保持均衡的饮食。A. traditional传统的；B. economical经济的，节约的；C. advanced高级的，先进的；D. balanced平衡的，均衡的。根据前文“in order to have a slim shape(为了拥有苗条的身材)”可知，保持体型需要饮食均衡。故选D项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，他报名参加了在他所在城市举办的马拉松比赛。A. solved解决，解答；B. attended参加，照顾；C. moved移动，搬家；D. hosted主持，举办。分析语法可知，“____11_____ in his city”作之前“a marathon”的后置定语，因此可推知，“举办马拉松”。故选D项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：观众和他的队长都认为他会以失败告终。A. detail细节；B. success成功；C. failure失败；D. experience经历，经验。根据前文“During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured.(在比赛中，他摔倒在跑道上，左腿受伤了。)”可知，他在比赛中受伤了，因此，大家应该认为他不能完成比赛，会失败。故选C项。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，尽管压力很大，他并没有放弃，而是尽全力为团队比赛。A. give up放弃；B. clean up清理；C. make up编造，组成；D. sign up报名参加。根据后文“not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team(他不仅成为了冠军，赢得了奖牌，也为他的团队赢得了荣誉)”可知，他成为了这次比赛冠军并赢得了奖牌，由此可推知，他没有因受伤而放弃比赛。故选A项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管压力很大，他并没有放弃，而是尽全力为团队比赛。A. apply申请，应用；B. arrange安排，布置；C. explore探索，考察；D. compete竞争，比赛。根据后文“not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team(他不仅成为了冠军，赢得了奖牌，也为他的团队赢得了荣誉)”可知，他成为了比赛的冠军，由此可推知，虽然受伤了，但是他为了团队的荣誉继续努力比赛。故选D项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他不仅成为了冠军，为他的团队赢得了奖牌和欢呼，而且赢得了市民的钦佩。A. goal目标；B. admiration赞赏，羡慕；C. comment评论；D. wisdom智慧，学问。根据前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.(他表现出的精神力量使他独一无二。)”可知，他的精神使他独一无二，也赢得了人们的尊重和赞赏。故选B项。 36．to become 37．which 38．taking 39．stronger 40．effects 41．their 42．In 43．took 44．careful 45．The 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了年轻人想要成为优秀运动员而服用兴奋剂的问题。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多年轻人想成为伟大的运动员。want to do...是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，跟不定式作宾语。故填to become。 37．考查定语从句。句意：但事实是，他们并没有变得更强大，这让他们不开心。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词指代句中所述“没有变得更强大”这件事情在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他们中的一些人正在考虑服用药物，他们认为这将帮助他们变得比以前更强壮。consider doing...是固定搭配，意为“考虑做某事”，跟动名词作宾语。故填taking。 39．考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，他们中的一些人正在考虑服用药物，他们认为这将帮助他们变得比以前更强壮。提示词作表语，结合句中than before可知，使用了比较级，用形容词比较级形式stronger。故填stronger。 40．考查名词。句意：然而，事实是这些药片通常有一些意想不到的副作用。提示词effect作宾语，意为“作用，效果”，是可数名词，有限定词some修饰，用复数形式。故填effects。 41．考查代词。句意：其中一些甚至会影响他们的肝脏或心脏。提示词作定语，用形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”。故填their。 42．考查介词。句意：事实上，一些伟大的运动员，如格里菲斯·乔伊纳，很早就去世了，因为他们服用了一些药片。in fact是固定短语，意为“实际上，事实上”；句首单词首字母大写。故填In。 43．考查时态语态。句意：事实上，一些伟大的运动员，如格里菲斯·乔伊纳，很早就去世了，因为他们服用了一些药片。分析句子可知，take(服用)是从句中谓语动词，与主语they之间是主动关系，结合句意和主句中谓语动词died可知，讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填took。 44．考查形容词。句意：基于以上原因，我建议年轻人要小心不要吃药。提示词作表语，表明主语 young people的心理状态，用形容词careful，意为“小心的；谨慎的”。故填careful。 45．考查冠词。句意：变得更强壮的最好方法是去健身房锻炼。根据句意和best可知，使用了最高级，用定冠词the构成形容词最高级形式the best，作定语；句首单词首字母大写。故填The。 46． Dear editor.   I’m Li Hua and I’m writing to introduce my favorite sport. Among all the sports, I like basketball most. I like it for several reasons.   First, it is easy to do. I don’t need special equipment or skills. All I need is a ball and a pair of comfortable shoes. Second, it can build up my body and help my keep fit. While playing it, I bum the extra fat and strengthen my muscles. Third, it teaches the importance of teamwork. In order to win the game, I have learned to share and work with my partners.   Such is my favorite sport. Yours, Li hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。校英语报征文，希望大家撰文介绍自己最喜欢的一项体育运动，要求考生写一篇文章投稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 舒适的：comfortable→cosy 保持健康：keep fit→keep healthy 重要性：importance→significance 与……合作：work with→team up with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Second, it can build up my body and help my keep fit. 拓展句：Second, not only can it build up my body, but also it helps my keep fit. 【点睛】[高分句型1] All I need is a ball and a pair of comfortable shoes. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句) [高分句型2] While playing it, I bum the extra fat and strengthen my muscles. (运用了状语从句的省略) 47．One possible version: One day, he got a fever, and I advised him to have a rest. However, he insisted on going to school as usual. Worried and concerned, I went to look for him after school. On the playground, I found him running all alone, his face pale. On seeing the scene, my tears welled up, and I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said breathlessly. “The race is approaching, and I must get well prepared for it!” Beads of sweat streamed down his neck and his face was red, yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. Two weeks later, the big day came. The names of the team runners were announced, and Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth-graders. When the race began, I cheered him on excitedly and he ran just like an arrow from the bowstring. Before I knew it, he was well ahead of others. It was obvious that he would be the champion. Seeing the bright smile on his face at the end of the track, I knew a lesson that there shouldn’t be any limitation to a heart to succeed. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的儿子Joey的脚生来有残疾，接受治疗后可以正常走路，但是却不能跑得很好。但是作者一直都没有告诉过儿子这个事情，他和他的朋友们一起跑和跳，玩得很开心。七年级的时候，Joey决定参加一个越野赛跑步，他训练得很刻苦，因为前七名才能入围。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，他发烧了，我建议他休息一下”可知，第一段可描写Joey带病训练的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“两周后，大日子来了”可知，第二段可描写Joey最终入围，并在最终比赛中获得好成绩，以及作者的感悟。 2. 续写线索：建议Joey休息——Joey坚持训练——比赛日来临——Joey入围——Joey参加比赛获得好成绩——作者感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①寻找：look for/search for ②临近：approach/come ③宣布：announce/declare ④跑，冲：run/rush/dash 情绪类 ①担心的：worried/concerned/anxious ②兴奋地：excitedly/with excitement/with thrill 【点睛】[高分句型1] Worried and concerned, I went to look for him after school. (形容词作状语) [高分句型2] It was obvious that he would be the champion. (it作形式主语、that引导主语从句) [高分句型3] Seeing the bright smile on his face at the end of the track, I knew a lesson that there shouldn’t be any limitation to a heart to succeed. (现在分词作状语、that引导同位语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$