Word and Expression 词汇讲义 选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 人教版高中英语 2024-2025学年高二同步一线课堂 教师版+学生版 7-5-1

Word and Expression词汇讲义 选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 人教版高中英语2024-2025学年高二同步一线课堂 英语24字整体教学 超前集中 学生版 7-5-1 目 录 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 · 默写词汇 英译汉 · 默写词汇 汉译英 · 发音规则——辅音连缀 第二节 透析与拓展 · 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词 · 核心词块 第三节 应用与提升 · 分类默写 精准记忆 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 · 词汇拓展 · 核心词块匹配 · 重点句型 · 语境实战 翻译提升 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 （“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆） · 单元词汇 bounce /baʊns/ vi. & vt. （使）弹起；上下晃动 n. 弹性；弹跳；活力 bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 aptitude /ˈæptɪtjuːd/ n. 天资；天赋 head start起步前的优势 scenario /səˈnɑːriəʊ/ n. 设想；方案；预测 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师 assemble /əˈsembl/ vt. 组装；装配vi. & vt. 收集；聚集；集合 drawer /drɔː(r)/ n. 抽屉 a chest of drawers抽屉柜 breast /brest/ n. 乳房；胸部 hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/ n. 氢；氢气 radium /ˈreɪdiəm/ n. 镭 wrist /rɪst/ n. 手腕；腕关节 bridegroom /ˈbraɪdɡruːm/ n. 新郎 geometry /dʒiˈɒmətri/ n. 几何学；几何图形 debt /det/ n. 债务；欠款 categorise /ˈkætəɡəraɪz/ vt. 把……分类（加以归类） profile /ˈprəʊfaɪl/ n. 简介；概述；侧面轮廓vt. 扼要介绍；概述；写简介 participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ n. 参与者；参加者 code /kəʊd/ n. 代码；密码vt. 编码；把……译成密码 orient /ˈɔːrient/ vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 detective /dɪˈtektɪv/ n. 侦探；警探 graphic /ˈɡræfɪk/ n. 图表；图形；图画adj. 绘画的；图案的 estate /ɪˈsteɪt/n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 (real) estate agent房地产经纪人 accountant /əˈkaʊntənt/ n. 会计；会计师 spy /spaɪ/ n. 密探；间谍vi. 从事间谍活动vt. 突然看见；发现 justice /ˈdʒʌstɪs/ n. 公平；公正；合理 accuse /əˈkjuːz/ vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 come to a conclusion 得出结论 greedy /ˈɡriːdi/ adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 entrepreneur /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)/ n. 创业者；企业家 receptionist /rɪˈsepʃənɪst/ n. 接待员 CV /ˌsiː 'viː/ [NAmE resume /' rezjumei, 'rezamei/] n. 履历；简历 socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者 communist /ˈkɒmjənɪst/ adj. 共产主义的n. 共产主义者 dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ vt. 把……奉献给 fox /fɒks/ n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 council /ˈkaʊnsl/ n. 委员会；市政服务机构 canal /kəˈnæl/ n. 运河；灌溉渠 attend to 关怀；照料；处理 supervise /ˈsuːpəvaɪz/ vt. & vi. 主管；指导；监督 handwriting /ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/ n. 书法；书写；笔迹 disk /dɪsk/ n. 磁盘；盘 parking /ˈpɑːkɪŋ/ n. 停车位；停车 camel /ˈkæml/ n. 骆驼 fry /fraɪ/ n. 油煎的食物vt. & vi. 油炸；油炒；油煎 purse /pɜːs/ n. 钱包；皮夹子（尤指女用） sew /səʊ/ vi. & vt. (sewed, sewn/ sewed）缝制；缝；做针线活 knit /nɪt/ vt. & vi. 编织；针织；（使）紧密结合n编织的衣服；针织衫 wool /wʊl/ n. 毛；毛线；毛料 intermediate /ˌɪntəˈmiːdiət/ adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 proficiency /prəˈfɪʃnsi/ n. 熟练；娴熟；精通 cage /keɪdʒ/ n. 笼子vt. 关在笼子里 collar /ˈkɒlə(r)/ n. （动物）颈圈；衣领 flea collar灭蚤颈圈 finance /ˈfaɪnæns; faɪˈnæns/ n. 资金；财政；金融vt. 提供资金 receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ n. 收据；接收 certificate /səˈtɪfɪkət/ n. 合格证书；证明 employer /ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/ n. 雇主；老板 desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒漠 acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得；购得 Marie Curie /mə'ri: ˈkjʊəri/ 玛丽•居里（居里夫人） The Communist Manifesto / mæniˈfestəu/ 《共产党宣言》 Olivia /ə'lɪviə/ 奥利维 PETS (Public English Test System） 全国英语 · 写词汇 英译汉 英文 汉义 1. bounce vi. &vt. n. 2. bounce around 3. aptitude n. 4. head start 5. scenario n. 6. lawyer n. 7. assemble vt. vi. & vt. 8. drawer n. 9. a chest of drawers 10. breast n. 11. hydrogen n. 12. radium n. 13. wrist n. 14. bridegroom n. 15. geometry n. 16. debt n. 17. categorise vt. 18. profile n. vt. 19. participant n. 20. code n. vt. 21. orient vt. 22. detective n. 23. graphic n. adj. 24. estate n. 25. (real) estate agent 26. accountant n. 27. spy n. vi. vt. 28. justice n. 29. accuse vt. 30. come to a conclusion 31. greedy adj. 32. entrepreneur n. 33. receptionist n. 34. resume n. 35. socialist adj. n. 36. communist adj. n. 37. dedicate vt. 38. fox n. 39. council n. 40. canal n. 41. attend to 42. supervise vt. &vi. 43. handwriting n. 44. disk n. 45. parking n. 46. camel n. 47. fry n. vt. &vi. 48. purse n. 49. sew vi. &vt. ( sewed, sewn/sewed ) 50. knit vt. &vi. n 51. wool n. 52. intermediate adj. 53. priority n. 54. proficiency n. 55. cage n. vt. 56. collar n. 57. flea collar 58. finance n. vt. 59. receipt n. 60. certificate n. 61. employer n. 62. desert n. 63. acquire vt. 64. Marie Curie · 默写词汇 汉译英 英文 汉义 1. vi. &vt. (使)弾起；上下晃动n. 弹性；弹跳；活力 2. 蹦来蹦去；弹来弾去 3. n. 天资；天赋 4. 起步前的优势 5. n. 设想；方案；预测 6. n. 律师 7. vt. 组装；装配vi. & vt. 收集；聚集；集合 8. n. 抽屉 9. 抽屉柜 10. n. 乳房；胸部 11. n. 氢；氢气 12. n. 镭 13. n. 手腕；腕关节 14. n. 新郎 15. n. 几何学；几何图形 16. n. 债务；欠款 17. vt. 把……分类(加以归类) 18. n. 简介；概述；侧面轮廓vt. 扼要介绍；概述；写简介 19. n. 参与者；参加者 20. n. 代码；密码vt. 编码；把……译成密码 21. vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 22. n. 侦探；警探 23. n. 图表；图形；图画 adj. 绘画的；图案的 24. n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 25. 房地产经纪人 26. n. 会计；会计师 27. n. 密探；间谍vi. 从事间谍活动 vt. 突然看见；发现 28. n. 公平；公正；合理 29. vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 30. 得出结论 31. adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 32. n. 创业者；企业家 33. n. 接待员 34. n. ( BrE CV ) (求职用的)履历；简历 35. adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主乂者 36. adj. 共产主义的n. 共产主义者 37. vt. 把……奉献给 38. n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 39. n. 委员会；市政服务机构 40. n. 运河；灌溉渠 41. 关怀；照料；处理 42. vt. &vi. 主管；指导；监督 43. n. 书法；书写；笔迹 44. n. 磁盘；盘 45. n. 停车位；停车 46. n. 骆驼 47. n. 油煎的食物vt. &vi. 油炸；油炒；油煎 48. n. 钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用) 49. vi. &vt. ( sewed, sewn/sewed )缝制；缝；做针线活 50. vt. &vi. 编织；针织；(使)紧密结合 n编织的衣服；针织衫 51. n. 毛；毛线；毛料 52. adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 53. n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 54. n. 熟练；娴熟；精通 55. n. 笼子vt. 关在笼子里 56. n. (动物)颈圈；衣领 57. 灭蚤颈圈 58. n. 资金；财政；金融vt. 提供资金 59. n. 收据；接收 60. n. 合格证书；证明 61. n. 雇主；老板 62. n. 沙漠；荒漠 63. vt. 获得；购得 64. 玛丽•居里(居里夫人) 第二节 透析与拓展 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词+核心句型+核心词块 1. bounce vi. & vt. (使)弹起；上下晃动 n. 弹性；弹跳；活力 bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 bounce back 恢复(健康或信心等)；反弹 ❶The child bounced (up and down) on the bed. 那孩子在床上蹦蹦跳跳。 ❷The ball had completely lost its bounce. 这球已彻底失去弹性了。 ❸She's got a lot of bounce. 她很有活力。 ❹If you are a person of diverse interests, it's likely that you have several very different goals and ideas bouncing around in your head at any given time. 如果您是一个兴趣广泛的人，那么您可能随时都有几个非常不同的目标和想法在脑海中浮现。 美句欣赏 I love to sit in the sun enjoying my leisure time with two little puppies bouncing around begging for food. 我喜欢坐在阳光下享受我的休闲时光，两只小狗蹦蹦跳跳地乞讨食物。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①想象一下，工作就像一个橡皮球。如果你扔下，它还会弹回来。 Imagine that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will ________________. ②股票价格今晨回升了。 Share prices ________________ this morning. 2. insight n. 洞察力；洞悉；领悟 insight into. . . 对……的真知灼见 ❶He is a writer of great insight. 他是个有深刻洞察力的作家。 ❷The research provides new insights into the way we process language. 该研究对我们处理语言的方式提出了新的深刻见解。 美句欣赏 What is lacking is an insight into the particularity of our societal system. 缺乏的正是对我们社会制度特殊性的洞察。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The article gives us a real insight ____________ the causes of the present crisis in the world. ②While it wasn't the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh ____________ (insight), ones that could never have happened to me during the regular course of business. 3. suit vt. 适合；满足需要；(服装、颜色等)相配 n. 套装 (1)suit sb. (fine) (很)适合某人心意；对某人(很)合适 suit sth. to sth. /sb. 使某事物适合某事物/某人 (2)suitable adj. 合适的 be suitable for sth. /sb. 适合某事/某人 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 (3)unsuitable adj. 不合适的 ❶Blue suits you. You should wear it more often. 你适合穿蓝色。你该多穿蓝色衣服。 ❷When we accept progress and adapt it to suit our needs, a new “past” is created. 当我们为了满足需求而接受并适应进步的时候，一个新的“过去”就诞生了。 ❸He can suit his conversation to whoever he's with. 无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块儿。 ❹This programme is not suitable for children. ＝This programme is unsuitable for children. 这个节目不适合儿童。 ❺I don't have anything suitable to wear for the party. 我没有适合在聚会上穿的衣服。 辨析比较：suit, fit, match suit主要指服装款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要品味、性格、条件身份等。 Red and black are colours that suit me very well. 红色和黑色都是适合我的颜色。 fit多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”“吻合” Her coat fits (her) exactly. 她的大衣很合适。 match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配，协调。 The curtains and the carpets match perfectly. 窗帘和地毯十分协调。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The six men survived because of the special rubber ________(suit) they were wearing. ②We are hoping to find a ________(suit) school for our son. ③These crayons are not suitable ____________ (use) in very hot weather. ④The child is too young. This book is ________(suit) for him, and you can change another one. 4. debt n. 债务；欠款 pay off one's debt 还清某人的债务 be in debt (to sb. ) 欠(某人的)债 be in sb. 's debt 受某人的恩惠 get/run/fall into debt 陷入债务之中 be/get out of debt 摆脱债务 ❶Three years later, he is still paying off his debts. 三年后，他仍在还他的债务。 ❷I'm in his debt for his help. 对于他的帮助，我欠他一份人情。 ❸He was already deeply in debt. 他已经负债累累。 ❹Getting out of debt must be placed before buying anything new. 必须先还清债务然后再置办新物品。 谚语助记 It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 负债容易还债难。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①After 10 years of hard work, they paid ________ their debts at last. ②The club is ￡4 million ________ debt. ③We were poor but we never got ________ debt. 5. be related to. . . 与……有关 (1)relate vt. 证明……有联系；叙述；讲述 vi. 有关；涉及(to) (2)related adj. 与……有关的；相联系的 (3)relation n. (人与人之间/国家之间的)关系(常用复 数)；联系；亲戚 in relation to. . . 相对……而言，与……相比；关于…… a close/near/distant relation 近亲/远亲 ❶Education levels are strongly related to income. 教育程度和收入有很大关系。 ❷The police are still trying to relate the two pieces of evidence. 警方还在尽力找出这两项证据之间的联系。 ❸He later related the whole story to me. 他后来给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉。 ❹This relates to something I mentioned earlier. 这与我早先提到的某件事有关。 ❺We have relations in Canada. 我们在加拿大有亲戚。 ❻Relations between workers and management have improved recently. 工人与管理层之间的关系最近有所改善。 ❼Women's earnings are still very low in relation to men's. 女性的收入和男性的相比仍然很低。 归纳拓展 同义短语：be connected with have something to do with be concerned with be involved in [即学即练]　用relate或其短语的正确形式填空。 ①People usually ____________ happiness to money, which is quite wrong of them. ②The mother­daughter ____________ are always the closest bonds among all human links. ③More and more people die from illnesses ________________ pollution. ④The theme of the reading passage ________________ the theme of the dialogue. ⑤Unemployment here is high in ________ to national levels. 6. spy n. 密探；间谍 vi. 从事间谍活动 vt. 突然看见；发现 spy on sb. /sth. 暗中监视，窥探某人/事物 ❶The spy was caught alive, but he died from wounds the next day. 特务被活捉了，但第二天因伤而亡。 ❷We spied three figures in the distance. 我们突然望见远处有三个人影。 ❸Managers feel it is their duty to spy on their staff to make sure what they are doing is related to their job. 管理者认为他们有责任监视他们的员工，以确保他们的所作所为与工作有关。 语境助记 The beautiful lady they were spying on turned out to be a spy. 他们一直监视的那位漂亮女士结果是一位间谍。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①As I arrived at the hotel's dock (码头), I ________ (spy) an elephant trunk just beyond the riverbank. ②She said that someone must ________________(spy) on us in the washroom, but I didn't believe her explanation. ③I'm sure my neighbours are spying ________ me. 7. (教材P50)You don't want to look back in years to come and say，“I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do. ” 你不会想在未来的日子里回首往事说：“我希望我能多想想自己真正想做的事情。” [句式分析]　wish表示“愿望”，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气。 I wish (that)＋宾语从句(虚拟语气) (1)表示愿望“与现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时； (2)表示愿望“与过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时； (3)表示将来愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用could/would＋动词原形。 ❶I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. 我希望我是只小鸟，能在天空自由飞翔。 ❷—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood? —Next to nothing. I wish I had worked harder at English. ——外国专家的演讲你懂多少？ ——几乎什么也不懂，要是我过去更刻苦学习英语就好了。 ❸I wish you wouldn't leave your clothes all over the floor. 我真希望你不把衣服丢得满地都是。 特别提示： wish和hope的区别 wish后面接不定式或“宾语＋不定式”都可以，其意义相当于“想要”，“希望”(＝would like或want)。wish接that从句时一般表示某种强烈而又难以实现的“愿望”，而hope表示的是可以实现或能达到的“希望”。 I wish him to make progress. 我希望他取得进步。 hope用作动词时，后面接不定式或that从句，但不能接“宾语＋不定式” 例如：I hope you can help me with my maths. 希望你能帮助我学数学。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①I wish ________________ so much. 我倒希望我没有吃这么多。 ②How I wish ________________ for an hour a day and ______________ for an hour in the morning. 我多么希望我每天听一个小时我最喜欢的音乐，早上打一个小时的乒乓球。 ③As a student, I have to take so many exams. How I wish I ________________！ 作为一名学生，我要参加很多考试。我多么希望我没有考试！ ④I wish I __________________ last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. 要是上周二我参加了我姐姐的婚礼就好了，可是那时我正在纽约出差。 8. (教材P50)Of course, while completing these sorts of tests, it is very important to be honest—and don't worry—there are no right or wrong answers. 当然，在完成这类测试时，诚实是非常重要的——不要担心——没有正确或错误的答案。 [句式分析]　while completing为状语从句的省略(while＋分词结构)。 当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构： 连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。 ❶What were you doing while (you were) staying at the hotel? 待在宾馆的这段时间你在干什么？ ❷If possible, they would stop him and ask him this question. 只要可能，他们会打断他并且问他这个问题。 ❸I'll go to Mary's birthday party if invited. 如果受到邀请的话，我就去参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ❹While walking the dog, he was careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 在遛狗的时候，他不小心松了手，结果狗被一辆汽车撞了。 ❺They think she may try to phone. If so, someone must stay here. 他们认为她可能尝试打来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。 特别提示： 当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。 [即学即练]　 (1)单句语法填空 ①While ________ (enjoy) the meal, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, making the elderly very happy. ②When ________ (ask) about the secret of his success, he said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children. ③If ________ (interest) in the Chinese folk art, you can e­mail me. (2)句式升级 ④If it is necessary, you should turn to your parents for help. →____________， you should turn to your parents for help. (省略) ⑤Once it is lost, the good chance may never come again. →____________， the good chance may never come again. (省略) 9. (教材P50)The participant is then given a chart showing their score for each type of work personality. 然后，研究人员会给参与者一张图表，显示他们对每种工作性格的评分。 [句式分析]　现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词chart，现在分词短语作定语表示动作的主动行为或正在进行中。 (1)现在分词短语除了作定语外，还可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步或自然而然的结果或伴随，且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系； (2)现在分词短语除在句中作定语、状语外，还可以作表语、宾语补足语等。 ❶Last night，there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV. 昨天晚上，有几百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。 ❷Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help? 听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？ ❸The matter being discussed now is of great importance. 现在正在讨论的这件事很重要。 ❹Please describe a dog that is frightening. 请描述一只令人害怕的狗。 名师指津： (1)作定语的及物动词的现在分词形式为doing, being done。当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词之间为主谓关系时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词之间为动宾关系且表示动作正在进行时，用being done。 (2)作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为doing，表示正在进行。 (3)动名词也可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和功能。 (4)现在分词作表语，表示事物的特征或性质，如果表示人的内心感受，表语用过去分词。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①As is known to us, China is a country ____________ (belong) to the Third World. ②As a result, your parents feel it hard to get used to the new situation with___________ (increase) anxiety. ③With____________ (tremble) hands, he held the gloves to his face and wept. ④Two women came running out of the house,___________(scream) for help. ⑤Listening to music at home is one thing, but going to hear it ____________ (perform) live is quite another. 10. justice n. 公平；公正；合理 just adj. 公正的，公平的；正义的 justify vt. 证明……正当/有理； 为……辩护 ❶Justice has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。 ❷Your state of anxiety does not justify your being so rude to me. 你焦虑的状况不能成为你对我如此粗鲁的正当理由。 ❸Law is just. 法律是公平的。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①He demanded, with some ____________ (just), that he should be given an opportunity to express his views. ②They found it hard ____________ (justice) their son's giving up a secure well­paid job. [联想拓展]　just adv. “恰好”“反之”“此时”“眼下” ①That is just what I think. 我正是这样想的。 ②I came just to see you. 我来只是为看你。 ③He was just about to dive when he saw the shark. 他刚要跳水，突然看见了鲨鱼。 11. accuse vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控/指责某人(做)某事 accusation n. 指控；谴责；控告 ❶Are you accusing me of lying? 你在指责我说谎吗？ ❷Accusations of corruption have been made against him. (人们)已经提出对他贪污的控告。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①The ________ (accuse) man was asked to give his name. ②The________ (accuse) is wholly without foundation. ③The company was accused________ failing to safeguard the public. [归纳拓展]　表达“控告”“责备”的搭配有 accuse sb. of (doing) sth. charge sb. with (doing) sth. blame sb. for (doing) sth. 12. come to conclusion(＝reach/draw a conclusion)得出结论 in conclusion＝to conclude 总之，最后，结论是 conclude vi. 完成，结束； vt. 得出结论 conclude. . . . from. . . 从……得出……结论 conclude that. . . 得出……结论 It is concluded that. . . . 结论是…… conclude with/by doing. . . 以……结束 ❶So what can we conclude from this debate? 那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？ ❷The inquiry concluded that the accident had been caused by human error. 调查结果认为，事故是人为失误造成的。 ❸It was concluded that the level of change necessary would be low. 得出的结论是，必要的变更程度将很低。 ❹No scientific argument should begin or conclude with the words “Trust me”. 任何科学论述都不应以“相信我”开头或结束。 ❺I would like to conclude by saying that I do enjoy your magazine. 最后，我想说我的确很喜欢你们的杂志。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①What can you conclude ________ these observations? ②Perhaps I ought to conclude ________ a slightly more light­hearted question. ③I've come to the ________ (conclude) that he's not the right person for the job. ④________ conclusion, I'd like to thank you for all you've done for me. ⑤Some people jumped hurriedly to________(conclusion) that something must be wrong. 13. commit(committed, committed, committing) vt. 犯(错误或罪行)；做(错事等)；(使)保证，(使)承诺；花(时间、钱等); vi. 全心全意投入(工作等) commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/错 commit sb. /oneself to (doing) sth. 保证某人/某人自己(做) 某事 commit to sb. /sth. 忠于某人/全心全意投入 某事 commit. . . to. . . 把……投入…… ❶Smoking is committing suicide slowly. 吸烟等于慢性自杀。 ❷The government committed itself to reducing taxes. 政府承诺减税。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①Usually the most awkward e­mail mistake ____________ (commit) in anger. ②But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed ________ practising it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well. ③________ (commit) to serving people in her neighbourhood, she was honoured one of the Top Ten Teenagers. [联想拓展] ①commitment n. 责任；义务；承诺；奉献；投入 make a commitment作出承诺 A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment. 干演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。 ②committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事 The world is committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund. 世界各国致力于设立气候变化适应基金。 14. attend to 关怀；照料；处理 (1)attend (to) sb. 照料/照顾某人 attend to sth. 处理某事；专心于某事 (2)attend v. 看护，照料；注意；出席，参加；经常去 (学校、教学等) attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听讲座/上学 (3)attendance n. 出席；到场；出席人数 (4)attendant n. 服务员；侍者 ❶I've got some unfinished business to attend to. 我还有一些未完成的事要处理。 ❷If you don't attend to your work, you won't succeed. 如果你不专心工作，你就不会成功。 ❸She had to stay at home to attend her sick mother. 她必须待在家里照顾她生病的母亲。 ❹They had a quiet wedding—only a few friends attended it. 他们低调地举行了婚礼——只有几个朋友参加。 ❺Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. 后来，汉娜上学的时候，她看见了另一个无家可归的人。 ❻Attendance at school is demanded by law. 法律规定必须上学。 特别提示： 表示参加、出席的几个易混词语，attend, join和take part in的区别 (1)attend表示“参加”“出席”意义时，通常指“参加或出席会议，听课”，是“be present at. . . ”之意。 (2)join通常指“加入某个团体或组织，参军”等。 (3)take part in指参加某项活动，并在活动中起积极作用。如：take part in the sports meeting. 参加这次运动会(可能是参加了具体运动项目) [即学即练]　完成句子 ①他又要再一次离开球队去照顾他的家人。 He is leaving the team once again ________________. ②他父亲刚刚去世，他不得不忙于他的事情。 His father passed away recently. He had to ________________. ③让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的申请者中被选中参加开幕式。 To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to ________________. 15. addition n. 增加物；添加；[数]加法 (1)in addition 另外 in addition to 除……之外 (2)add vt. 增加；补充；附带说明 add up 合计，加起来；合情理；说得通 add . . . to . . . 把……加到/进……里 add up to 加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态) add to 增加；增添 add that. . . 补充说…… ❶The slide should be an addition to, not a summary of, your ideas and concepts. 幻灯片应该是对你的想法和概念的延伸，而不是归纳概括。 ❷Add up all the expenses and you will find that you can't afford the trip. 把所有的费用加起来，你会发现旅游费用你负担不起。 ❸He added that the theater's location was also a reason. 他补充说，影院的位置也是一个原因。 ❹The heavy rain added to the difficulties in rescuing the buried people. 大雨增加了营救被掩埋人们的困难。 ❺In addition to his movie work, Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes. 除了电影事业，雷德福还是个知名的环保斗士。 高考助记 1. Rude words, name­calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional life. 粗话、辱骂和指责只会火上浇油。 2. Remember: Little steps add up to big dreams. 记住：小进步成就大梦想。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Eggs are great for breakfast or as ________ addition to a lunch salad. ②In addition ________ these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. ③I added ________ all the advantages and disadvantages and decided to take up the job. [名师指津]　attend to作“处理”讲时，与do (deal) with意义相近；作“照顾”讲时，与take care of，look after意义相近。attend侧重“参加”之意。 16. priority n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 priority over sb. /sth. 相较于某人或某物，……地位更重要/更有优先权 give priority to. . . 给予……优先权；优先考虑…… ❶There are so many things to do. You must decide what your priorities are. 这有很多事情要做。你必须分清轻重缓急。 ❷Japan has priority in the field of microelectronics. 日本在微电子学领域中具有优势。 ❸Vehicles coming from the right have priority. 从右边驶来的车辆享有优先通行权。 ❹The search for a new vaccine took priority over all other medical research. 研制新疫苗优先于其他一切医学研究之前。 ❺Give priority to your way of thinking prior to learning. 在学习之前，优先考虑一下你的思维方式。 高考助词 Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. 如今，人们旅游时优先考虑的事情从购物转移到美食和风景。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Education is ________ top priority. ②They insist that the right to live should take priority ________ all other considerations. ③We give priority_________projects affecting people's well­being in allocating public resources. 17. keen adj. 热切的；热情的；灵敏的，敏锐的：(指刀等的尖和刃)锋利的，快的；浓厚的，强烈的 be keen to do sth. 热切地想要做某事 be keen on sb. /sth. 喜爱某人/某事物 ❶I'm not keen to go again. 我不太想再去了。 ❷Dogs have a keen sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏。 ❸He told Mike that he was keen to help. 他跟迈克说他很热切地想要帮忙。 ❹I'm not too keen on jazz. 我不太喜欢爵士乐。 归纳拓展　“渴望……做某事” be eager to do. . . be anxious to do. . . long to do. . . desire to do be dying to do. . . [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①They were keen ________ (find) the buried treasure. ②The little girl is very keen ________ dancing and she goes to dancing classes every Sunday. ③Susan, a biology student, has ________ keen interest in wildlife. 18. acquire vt. 获得；购得；学到；捕获 acquire sth. (from sb. ) (从某人那里)获得；买到；取得 acquire a knowledge of. . . 获得……知识 acquire the habit (of doing sth. ) 养成(做某事的)习惯 acquire a taste for. . . 开始喜欢上…… ❶It's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand. 继续教授书法并帮助孩子获得书写的技巧很重要。 ❷She acquired a good knowledge of English by careful study. 她通过认真学习精通了英语。 ❸This beer isn't bad, I'm beginning to acquire a taste for it. 这啤酒不错，我开始爱喝了。 obtain：较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。 gain：侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。 get：普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。 近义辨析：acquire, obtain, gain, get这些动词均含有“获得；取得；得到”之意 acquire：强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地逐渐地获得，书面语用词。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①我最近开始喜欢吃橄榄了。 I have recently ________________ olives. ②养成读书的习惯就给你自己建造了一座逃避人生几乎所有不幸的避难所。 ________________ is to construct for yourself a refuge from almost all the miseries of life. 19. (教材P55)Do you agree that there is no point studying something that you like but you are not very good at? 你同意学习一些你喜欢但你并不太擅长的事情是没有意义的吗？ [句式分析]　本句中第一个that引导宾语从句，从句中包含there is no point (in) doing sth. 这一句式 there's no point (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事是没有意义的”。在此句型中，point为不可数名词，意为“目的；意图”，in可以省略。 ❶There is no point (in) worrying about him. 担心他是没有用的。 ❷There is no point (in) asking for it, because you always don't care about anything. 问这个没有意义，因为你总是什么都不在乎。 特别提示： it is no use doing sth. 做某事是没有用的 it is no good doing sth. 做某事是没有用的/没好处的 there is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的 there is no need to do sth. 没必要做某事 ①It is no use regretting what you have done. 后悔你的所作所为是没有用的。 ②It is no good telling a lie. 撒谎没什么好处。 ③There is no sense (in) getting upset about it now. 现在为这事烦恼没有意义。 ④There is no need to apologise to her. 没必要向她道歉。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/翻译句子 ①Once he has made up his mind, there is no point in ________ (persuade) him. ②There is no need ________ (keep) an eye on him all day. He is not a child after all. ③There is no sense in learning a foreign language if you cannot use it. ________________________________________________________________________ ④It is no use arguing with him about it. ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤It is no good talking to them. ________________________________________________________________________ 20. (教材P56)I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years, so I know how to lead and decide on priorities. 我曾担任学校乒乓球队队长两年，所以我知道如何领导和决定事情的轻重缓急。 [句式分析]　how to lead and decide on priorities属于“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作谓语动词know的宾语。 “疑问词＋不定式”结构 (1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，不定式必须用主动语态而不能用被动语态。 (2)whether后可接不定式，而if不能。 (3)动词tell, show, understand, know, explain, teach, learn, advise等常接“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。 ❶How to stop polluting rivers is a big issue. 如何停止对河流的污染是一个大问题。 ❷We must know what to say at the meeting. 我们必须知道在会议上说些什么。 ❸In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. 审判中，法官必须决定哪个目击证人的言论可靠，谁该相信谁不该相信。 特别提示： 疑问词＋不定式作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，例如： Where to go tomorrow has not been decided. 明天到什么地方去尚未决定。 [即学即练]　 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①When and where ____________ (hold) the meeting remains to be discussed further. ②With the Teachers' Day approaching, we've decided which classrooms ____________ (decorate). ③I really don't know whether I will accept her invitation or not. →I really don't know ____________ her invitation or not. 第3节 应用与提升 语境实战 翻译提升 Ⅰ. 单词语境填空(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) 1. It is said that the murderer has employed a famous ________ (律师) to defend him. 2. She ________ (使弹起) the ball against the wall. 3. I barely passed algebra and ________ (几何), but here she's head of her class in both. 4. The doctor lapped a bandage around the wounded soldier's ________ (手腕). 5. He locked these papers up in the bottom ________ (抽屉). 6. I have not met him yet but I have read his ________ (简介) on the Internet. 7. Everyone came out well in the wedding photograph except the ________ (新郎). 8. ________ (资金) for education comes from taxpayers. 9. The validity period of the ________ (证书) should not be longer than 12 months. 10. The________ (委员会)discussed the proposed law on taxes. 11. They are very good ________ (雇主). 12. Tourists need a guide to pilot them through the ________(沙漠). 13. The Panama ________ (运河)joins two oceans. 14. Send her the ________ (收据)so she knows exactly what she's missing. 15. We should use slow fire to ________ (油炸) fish. Ⅱ. 词汇拓展单句填空。(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) 1. ①At that time, Nelson Mandela was a _____________ (law), who often offered black people legal advice and help. ②The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of _____________ (law) stopping our rights and progress. 2. He majors in finance and thus, he can skillfully deal with _____________ (finance) issues. 3. The _____________ of the firm _____________ 1，000 _____________ last year and created many _____________ opportunities. (employ) 4. All the _____________ have _____________ in at least two kinds of activities in the past two weeks. (participate) III. 词块语法单句填空 look back, bounce around, be passionate about, head start, come to a conclusion 1. A good education gives your child a _____________ in life. 2. When Nancy saw the advertisement in the newspaper, there were several ideas _____________. 3. I from my own experiences _____________ that where there is a will, there is a way. 4. We all need to _____________ something in life, and we must follow our heart. 5. I can _____________ on things with a clear conscience. I did everything I could. IV. 重点句式仿写 1. 因此，我给您写信寻求如何处理我和父母之间分歧的建议。(疑问词＋动词不定式) So I am writing to you to ask for your suggestions on ____________________________________________. 2. 我真希望我的父母能够改变主意，我们能够好好相处。(wish后的虚拟语气) I do wish that my parents _________________________________________________________________. 3. 一旦他下定决心，说服他改变主意就没有意义了。(there is no point in doing sth) Once he has made up his mind, ______________________________________________________________. 4. 我第一次上这位年轻老师的课时，我就对他的课感兴趣。(the first time) _________________________________________________________________, I was interested in it V. 课文语法填空。(Reading and Thinking部分) To complete a “career aptitude test” is one of the most 1. ________ (effect) ways to get some insight on a possible career path. The results of the test will tell you about your strengths and 2. ________ (interest). There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests online, so give one 3. ________ try. Some focus more on 4. ________ (ask) you to rate different kinds of work scenarios, like working as a 5. _________ (library) or a lawyer. While 6. __________ (complete) these sorts of tests, 7. ________ is very important to be honest. The career suggestions 8. ___________ (base) on your education and experience level, but you can look at higher­level careers as well, 9. __________ is very useful for high school students. This is a great tool to help plan your career and let you know what targets you need to reach to get there. In conclusion, career aptitude tests are 10. ________(clear) a very useful tool. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Word and Expression词汇讲义 选择性必修第四册 Unit 5 人教版高中英语2024-2025学年高二同步一线课堂 英语24字整体教学 超前集中 教师版 7-5-1 目 录 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 · 默写词汇 英译汉 · 默写词汇 汉译英 · 发音规则——辅音连缀 第二节 透析与拓展 · 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词 · 核心词块 第三节 应用与提升 · 分类默写 精准记忆 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 · 词汇拓展 · 核心词块匹配 · 重点句型 · 语境实战 翻译提升 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 （“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆） · 单元词汇 bounce /baʊns/ vi. & vt. （使）弹起；上下晃动 n. 弹性；弹跳；活力 bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 aptitude /ˈæptɪtjuːd/ n. 天资；天赋 head start起步前的优势 scenario /səˈnɑːriəʊ/ n. 设想；方案；预测 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师 assemble /əˈsembl/ vt. 组装；装配vi. & vt. 收集；聚集；集合 drawer /drɔː(r)/ n. 抽屉 a chest of drawers抽屉柜 breast /brest/ n. 乳房；胸部 hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/ n. 氢；氢气 radium /ˈreɪdiəm/ n. 镭 wrist /rɪst/ n. 手腕；腕关节 bridegroom /ˈbraɪdɡruːm/ n. 新郎 geometry /dʒiˈɒmətri/ n. 几何学；几何图形 debt /det/ n. 债务；欠款 categorise /ˈkætəɡəraɪz/ vt. 把……分类（加以归类） profile /ˈprəʊfaɪl/ n. 简介；概述；侧面轮廓vt. 扼要介绍；概述；写简介 participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ n. 参与者；参加者 code /kəʊd/ n. 代码；密码vt. 编码；把……译成密码 orient /ˈɔːrient/ vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 detective /dɪˈtektɪv/ n. 侦探；警探 graphic /ˈɡræfɪk/ n. 图表；图形；图画adj. 绘画的；图案的 estate /ɪˈsteɪt/n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 (real) estate agent房地产经纪人 accountant /əˈkaʊntənt/ n. 会计；会计师 spy /spaɪ/ n. 密探；间谍vi. 从事间谍活动vt. 突然看见；发现 justice /ˈdʒʌstɪs/ n. 公平；公正；合理 accuse /əˈkjuːz/ vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 come to a conclusion 得出结论 greedy /ˈɡriːdi/ adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 entrepreneur /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)/ n. 创业者；企业家 receptionist /rɪˈsepʃənɪst/ n. 接待员 CV /ˌsiː 'viː/ [NAmE resume /' rezjumei, 'rezamei/] n. 履历；简历 socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者 communist /ˈkɒmjənɪst/ adj. 共产主义的n. 共产主义者 dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ vt. 把……奉献给 fox /fɒks/ n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 council /ˈkaʊnsl/ n. 委员会；市政服务机构 canal /kəˈnæl/ n. 运河；灌溉渠 attend to 关怀；照料；处理 supervise /ˈsuːpəvaɪz/ vt. & vi. 主管；指导；监督 handwriting /ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/ n. 书法；书写；笔迹 disk /dɪsk/ n. 磁盘；盘 parking /ˈpɑːkɪŋ/ n. 停车位；停车 camel /ˈkæml/ n. 骆驼 fry /fraɪ/ n. 油煎的食物vt. & vi. 油炸；油炒；油煎 purse /pɜːs/ n. 钱包；皮夹子（尤指女用） sew /səʊ/ vi. & vt. (sewed, sewn/ sewed）缝制；缝；做针线活 knit /nɪt/ vt. & vi. 编织；针织；（使）紧密结合n编织的衣服；针织衫 wool /wʊl/ n. 毛；毛线；毛料 intermediate /ˌɪntəˈmiːdiət/ adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 proficiency /prəˈfɪʃnsi/ n. 熟练；娴熟；精通 cage /keɪdʒ/ n. 笼子vt. 关在笼子里 collar /ˈkɒlə(r)/ n. （动物）颈圈；衣领 flea collar灭蚤颈圈 finance /ˈfaɪnæns; faɪˈnæns/ n. 资金；财政；金融vt. 提供资金 receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ n. 收据；接收 certificate /səˈtɪfɪkət/ n. 合格证书；证明 employer /ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/ n. 雇主；老板 desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒漠 acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ vt. 获得；购得 Marie Curie /mə'ri: ˈkjʊəri/ 玛丽•居里（居里夫人） The Communist Manifesto / mæniˈfestəu/ 《共产党宣言》 Olivia /ə'lɪviə/ 奥利维 PETS (Public English Test System） 全国英语 · 写词汇 英译汉 英文 汉义 1. bounce vi. &vt. n. 2. bounce around 3. aptitude n. 4. head start 5. scenario n. 6. lawyer n. 7. assemble vt. vi. & vt. 8. drawer n. 9. a chest of drawers 10. breast n. 11. hydrogen n. 12. radium n. 13. wrist n. 14. bridegroom n. 15. geometry n. 16. debt n. 17. categorise vt. 18. profile n. vt. 19. participant n. 20. code n. vt. 21. orient vt. 22. detective n. 23. graphic n. adj. 24. estate n. 25. (real) estate agent 26. accountant n. 27. spy n. vi. vt. 28. justice n. 29. accuse vt. 30. come to a conclusion 31. greedy adj. 32. entrepreneur n. 33. receptionist n. 34. resume n. 35. socialist adj. n. 36. communist adj. n. 37. dedicate vt. 38. fox n. 39. council n. 40. canal n. 41. attend to 42. supervise vt. &vi. 43. handwriting n. 44. disk n. 45. parking n. 46. camel n. 47. fry n. vt. &vi. 48. purse n. 49. sew vi. &vt. ( sewed, sewn/sewed ) 50. knit vt. &vi. n 51. wool n. 52. intermediate adj. 53. priority n. 54. proficiency n. 55. cage n. vt. 56. collar n. 57. flea collar 58. finance n. vt. 59. receipt n. 60. certificate n. 61. employer n. 62. desert n. 63. acquire vt. 64. Marie Curie · 默写词汇 汉译英 英文 汉义 1. vi. &vt. (使)弾起；上下晃动n. 弹性；弹跳；活力 2. 蹦来蹦去；弹来弾去 3. n. 天资；天赋 4. 起步前的优势 5. n. 设想；方案；预测 6. n. 律师 7. vt. 组装；装配vi. & vt. 收集；聚集；集合 8. n. 抽屉 9. 抽屉柜 10. n. 乳房；胸部 11. n. 氢；氢气 12. n. 镭 13. n. 手腕；腕关节 14. n. 新郎 15. n. 几何学；几何图形 16. n. 债务；欠款 17. vt. 把……分类(加以归类) 18. n. 简介；概述；侧面轮廓vt. 扼要介绍；概述；写简介 19. n. 参与者；参加者 20. n. 代码；密码vt. 编码；把……译成密码 21. vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 22. n. 侦探；警探 23. n. 图表；图形；图画 adj. 绘画的；图案的 24. n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 25. 房地产经纪人 26. n. 会计；会计师 27. n. 密探；间谍vi. 从事间谍活动 vt. 突然看见；发现 28. n. 公平；公正；合理 29. vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 30. 得出结论 31. adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 32. n. 创业者；企业家 33. n. 接待员 34. n. ( BrE CV ) (求职用的)履历；简历 35. adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主乂者 36. adj. 共产主义的n. 共产主义者 37. vt. 把……奉献给 38. n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 39. n. 委员会；市政服务机构 40. n. 运河；灌溉渠 41. 关怀；照料；处理 42. vt. &vi. 主管；指导；监督 43. n. 书法；书写；笔迹 44. n. 磁盘；盘 45. n. 停车位；停车 46. n. 骆驼 47. n. 油煎的食物vt. &vi. 油炸；油炒；油煎 48. n. 钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用) 49. vi. &vt. ( sewed, sewn/sewed )缝制；缝；做针线活 50. vt. &vi. 编织；针织；(使)紧密结合 n编织的衣服；针织衫 51. n. 毛；毛线；毛料 52. adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 53. n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 54. n. 熟练；娴熟；精通 55. n. 笼子vt. 关在笼子里 56. n. (动物)颈圈；衣领 57. 灭蚤颈圈 58. n. 资金；财政；金融vt. 提供资金 59. n. 收据；接收 60. n. 合格证书；证明 61. n. 雇主；老板 62. n. 沙漠；荒漠 63. vt. 获得；购得 64. 玛丽•居里(居里夫人) 第二节 透析与拓展 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词+核心句型+核心词块 1. bounce vi. & vt. (使)弹起；上下晃动 n. 弹性；弹跳；活力 bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 bounce back 恢复(健康或信心等)；反弹 ❶The child bounced (up and down) on the bed. 那孩子在床上蹦蹦跳跳。 ❷The ball had completely lost its bounce. 这球已彻底失去弹性了。 ❸She's got a lot of bounce. 她很有活力。 ❹If you are a person of diverse interests, it's likely that you have several very different goals and ideas bouncing around in your head at any given time. 如果您是一个兴趣广泛的人，那么您可能随时都有几个非常不同的目标和想法在脑海中浮现。 美句欣赏 I love to sit in the sun enjoying my leisure time with two little puppies bouncing around begging for food. 我喜欢坐在阳光下享受我的休闲时光，两只小狗蹦蹦跳跳地乞讨食物。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①想象一下，工作就像一个橡皮球。如果你扔下，它还会弹回来。 Imagine that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will ________________. ②股票价格今晨回升了。 Share prices ________________ this morning. 2. insight n. 洞察力；洞悉；领悟 insight into. . . 对……的真知灼见 ❶He is a writer of great insight. 他是个有深刻洞察力的作家。 ❷The research provides new insights into the way we process language. 该研究对我们处理语言的方式提出了新的深刻见解。 美句欣赏 What is lacking is an insight into the particularity of our societal system. 缺乏的正是对我们社会制度特殊性的洞察。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The article gives us a real insight ____________ the causes of the present crisis in the world. ②While it wasn't the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh ____________ (insight), ones that could never have happened to me during the regular course of business. 3. suit vt. 适合；满足需要；(服装、颜色等)相配 n. 套装 (1)suit sb. (fine) (很)适合某人心意；对某人(很)合适 suit sth. to sth. /sb. 使某事物适合某事物/某人 (2)suitable adj. 合适的 be suitable for sth. /sb. 适合某事/某人 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 (3)unsuitable adj. 不合适的 ❶Blue suits you. You should wear it more often. 你适合穿蓝色。你该多穿蓝色衣服。 ❷When we accept progress and adapt it to suit our needs, a new “past” is created. 当我们为了满足需求而接受并适应进步的时候，一个新的“过去”就诞生了。 ❸He can suit his conversation to whoever he's with. 无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块儿。 ❹This programme is not suitable for children. ＝This programme is unsuitable for children. 这个节目不适合儿童。 ❺I don't have anything suitable to wear for the party. 我没有适合在聚会上穿的衣服。 辨析比较：suit, fit, match suit主要指服装款式、颜色或花样等适合，也可指合乎需要品味、性格、条件身份等。 Red and black are colours that suit me very well. 红色和黑色都是适合我的颜色。 fit多指大小、形状等合适，引申为“一致”“吻合” Her coat fits (her) exactly. 她的大衣很合适。 match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等相匹配，协调。 The curtains and the carpets match perfectly. 窗帘和地毯十分协调。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The six men survived because of the special rubber ________(suit) they were wearing. ②We are hoping to find a ________(suit) school for our son. ③These crayons are not suitable ____________ (use) in very hot weather. ④The child is too young. This book is ________(suit) for him, and you can change another one. 4. debt n. 债务；欠款 pay off one's debt 还清某人的债务 be in debt (to sb. ) 欠(某人的)债 be in sb. 's debt 受某人的恩惠 get/run/fall into debt 陷入债务之中 be/get out of debt 摆脱债务 ❶Three years later, he is still paying off his debts. 三年后，他仍在还他的债务。 ❷I'm in his debt for his help. 对于他的帮助，我欠他一份人情。 ❸He was already deeply in debt. 他已经负债累累。 ❹Getting out of debt must be placed before buying anything new. 必须先还清债务然后再置办新物品。 谚语助记 It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 负债容易还债难。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①After 10 years of hard work, they paid ________ their debts at last. ②The club is ￡4 million ________ debt. ③We were poor but we never got ________ debt. 5. be related to. . . 与……有关 (1)relate vt. 证明……有联系；叙述；讲述 vi. 有关；涉及(to) (2)related adj. 与……有关的；相联系的 (3)relation n. (人与人之间/国家之间的)关系(常用复 数)；联系；亲戚 in relation to. . . 相对……而言，与……相比；关于…… a close/near/distant relation 近亲/远亲 ❶Education levels are strongly related to income. 教育程度和收入有很大关系。 ❷The police are still trying to relate the two pieces of evidence. 警方还在尽力找出这两项证据之间的联系。 ❸He later related the whole story to me. 他后来给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉。 ❹This relates to something I mentioned earlier. 这与我早先提到的某件事有关。 ❺We have relations in Canada. 我们在加拿大有亲戚。 ❻Relations between workers and management have improved recently. 工人与管理层之间的关系最近有所改善。 ❼Women's earnings are still very low in relation to men's. 女性的收入和男性的相比仍然很低。 归纳拓展 同义短语：be connected with have something to do with be concerned with be involved in [即学即练]　用relate或其短语的正确形式填空。 ①People usually ____________ happiness to money, which is quite wrong of them. ②The mother­daughter ____________ are always the closest bonds among all human links. ③More and more people die from illnesses ________________ pollution. ④The theme of the reading passage ________________ the theme of the dialogue. ⑤Unemployment here is high in ________ to national levels. 6. spy n. 密探；间谍 vi. 从事间谍活动 vt. 突然看见；发现 spy on sb. /sth. 暗中监视，窥探某人/事物 ❶The spy was caught alive, but he died from wounds the next day. 特务被活捉了，但第二天因伤而亡。 ❷We spied three figures in the distance. 我们突然望见远处有三个人影。 ❸Managers feel it is their duty to spy on their staff to make sure what they are doing is related to their job. 管理者认为他们有责任监视他们的员工，以确保他们的所作所为与工作有关。 语境助记 The beautiful lady they were spying on turned out to be a spy. 他们一直监视的那位漂亮女士结果是一位间谍。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①As I arrived at the hotel's dock (码头), I ________ (spy) an elephant trunk just beyond the riverbank. ②She said that someone must ________________(spy) on us in the washroom, but I didn't believe her explanation. ③I'm sure my neighbours are spying ________ me. 7. (教材P50)You don't want to look back in years to come and say，“I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do. ” 你不会想在未来的日子里回首往事说：“我希望我能多想想自己真正想做的事情。” [句式分析]　wish表示“愿望”，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气。 I wish (that)＋宾语从句(虚拟语气) (1)表示愿望“与现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时； (2)表示愿望“与过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时； (3)表示将来愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用could/would＋动词原形。 ❶I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. 我希望我是只小鸟，能在天空自由飞翔。 ❷—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood? —Next to nothing. I wish I had worked harder at English. ——外国专家的演讲你懂多少？ ——几乎什么也不懂，要是我过去更刻苦学习英语就好了。 ❸I wish you wouldn't leave your clothes all over the floor. 我真希望你不把衣服丢得满地都是。 特别提示： wish和hope的区别 wish后面接不定式或“宾语＋不定式”都可以，其意义相当于“想要”，“希望”(＝would like或want)。wish接that从句时一般表示某种强烈而又难以实现的“愿望”，而hope表示的是可以实现或能达到的“希望”。 I wish him to make progress. 我希望他取得进步。 hope用作动词时，后面接不定式或that从句，但不能接“宾语＋不定式” 例如：I hope you can help me with my maths. 希望你能帮助我学数学。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①I wish ________________ so much. 我倒希望我没有吃这么多。 ②How I wish ________________ for an hour a day and ______________ for an hour in the morning. 我多么希望我每天听一个小时我最喜欢的音乐，早上打一个小时的乒乓球。 ③As a student, I have to take so many exams. How I wish I ________________！ 作为一名学生，我要参加很多考试。我多么希望我没有考试！ ④I wish I __________________ last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. 要是上周二我参加了我姐姐的婚礼就好了，可是那时我正在纽约出差。 8. (教材P50)Of course, while completing these sorts of tests, it is very important to be honest—and don't worry—there are no right or wrong answers. 当然，在完成这类测试时，诚实是非常重要的——不要担心——没有正确或错误的答案。 [句式分析]　while completing为状语从句的省略(while＋分词结构)。 当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构： 连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。 ❶What were you doing while (you were) staying at the hotel? 待在宾馆的这段时间你在干什么？ ❷If possible, they would stop him and ask him this question. 只要可能，他们会打断他并且问他这个问题。 ❸I'll go to Mary's birthday party if invited. 如果受到邀请的话，我就去参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ❹While walking the dog, he was careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 在遛狗的时候，他不小心松了手，结果狗被一辆汽车撞了。 ❺They think she may try to phone. If so, someone must stay here. 他们认为她可能尝试打来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。 特别提示： 当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。 [即学即练]　 (1)单句语法填空 ①While ________ (enjoy) the meal, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, making the elderly very happy. ②When ________ (ask) about the secret of his success, he said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children. ③If ________ (interest) in the Chinese folk art, you can e­mail me. (2)句式升级 ④If it is necessary, you should turn to your parents for help. →____________， you should turn to your parents for help. (省略) ⑤Once it is lost, the good chance may never come again. →____________， the good chance may never come again. (省略) 9. (教材P50)The participant is then given a chart showing their score for each type of work personality. 然后，研究人员会给参与者一张图表，显示他们对每种工作性格的评分。 [句式分析]　现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词chart，现在分词短语作定语表示动作的主动行为或正在进行中。 (1)现在分词短语除了作定语外，还可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步或自然而然的结果或伴随，且与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系； (2)现在分词短语除在句中作定语、状语外，还可以作表语、宾语补足语等。 ❶Last night，there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV. 昨天晚上，有几百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。 ❷Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help? 听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？ ❸The matter being discussed now is of great importance. 现在正在讨论的这件事很重要。 ❹Please describe a dog that is frightening. 请描述一只令人害怕的狗。 名师指津： (1)作定语的及物动词的现在分词形式为doing, being done。当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词之间为主谓关系时，用doing；当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词之间为动宾关系且表示动作正在进行时，用being done。 (2)作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为doing，表示正在进行。 (3)动名词也可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和功能。 (4)现在分词作表语，表示事物的特征或性质，如果表示人的内心感受，表语用过去分词。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①As is known to us, China is a country ____________ (belong) to the Third World. ②As a result, your parents feel it hard to get used to the new situation with___________ (increase) anxiety. ③With____________ (tremble) hands, he held the gloves to his face and wept. ④Two women came running out of the house,___________(scream) for help. ⑤Listening to music at home is one thing, but going to hear it ____________ (perform) live is quite another. 10. justice n. 公平；公正；合理 just adj. 公正的，公平的；正义的 justify vt. 证明……正当/有理； 为……辩护 ❶Justice has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。 ❷Your state of anxiety does not justify your being so rude to me. 你焦虑的状况不能成为你对我如此粗鲁的正当理由。 ❸Law is just. 法律是公平的。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①He demanded, with some ____________ (just), that he should be given an opportunity to express his views. ②They found it hard ____________ (justice) their son's giving up a secure well­paid job. [联想拓展]　just adv. “恰好”“反之”“此时”“眼下” ①That is just what I think. 我正是这样想的。 ②I came just to see you. 我来只是为看你。 ③He was just about to dive when he saw the shark. 他刚要跳水，突然看见了鲨鱼。 11. accuse vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控/指责某人(做)某事 accusation n. 指控；谴责；控告 ❶Are you accusing me of lying? 你在指责我说谎吗？ ❷Accusations of corruption have been made against him. (人们)已经提出对他贪污的控告。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①The ________ (accuse) man was asked to give his name. ②The________ (accuse) is wholly without foundation. ③The company was accused________ failing to safeguard the public. [归纳拓展]　表达“控告”“责备”的搭配有 accuse sb. of (doing) sth. charge sb. with (doing) sth. blame sb. for (doing) sth. 12. come to conclusion(＝reach/draw a conclusion)得出结论 in conclusion＝to conclude 总之，最后，结论是 conclude vi. 完成，结束； vt. 得出结论 conclude. . . . from. . . 从……得出……结论 conclude that. . . 得出……结论 It is concluded that. . . . 结论是…… conclude with/by doing. . . 以……结束 ❶So what can we conclude from this debate? 那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？ ❷The inquiry concluded that the accident had been caused by human error. 调查结果认为，事故是人为失误造成的。 ❸It was concluded that the level of change necessary would be low. 得出的结论是，必要的变更程度将很低。 ❹No scientific argument should begin or conclude with the words “Trust me”. 任何科学论述都不应以“相信我”开头或结束。 ❺I would like to conclude by saying that I do enjoy your magazine. 最后，我想说我的确很喜欢你们的杂志。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①What can you conclude ________ these observations? ②Perhaps I ought to conclude ________ a slightly more light­hearted question. ③I've come to the ________ (conclude) that he's not the right person for the job. ④________ conclusion, I'd like to thank you for all you've done for me. ⑤Some people jumped hurriedly to________(conclusion) that something must be wrong. 13. commit(committed, committed, committing) vt. 犯(错误或罪行)；做(错事等)；(使)保证，(使)承诺；花(时间、钱等); vi. 全心全意投入(工作等) commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/错 commit sb. /oneself to (doing) sth. 保证某人/某人自己(做) 某事 commit to sb. /sth. 忠于某人/全心全意投入 某事 commit. . . to. . . 把……投入…… ❶Smoking is committing suicide slowly. 吸烟等于慢性自杀。 ❷The government committed itself to reducing taxes. 政府承诺减税。 [即学即练]　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ①Usually the most awkward e­mail mistake ____________ (commit) in anger. ②But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed ________ practising it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well. ③________ (commit) to serving people in her neighbourhood, she was honoured one of the Top Ten Teenagers. [联想拓展] ①commitment n. 责任；义务；承诺；奉献；投入 make a commitment作出承诺 A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment. 干演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。 ②committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事 The world is committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund. 世界各国致力于设立气候变化适应基金。 14. attend to 关怀；照料；处理 (1)attend (to) sb. 照料/照顾某人 attend to sth. 处理某事；专心于某事 (2)attend v. 看护，照料；注意；出席，参加；经常去 (学校、教学等) attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听讲座/上学 (3)attendance n. 出席；到场；出席人数 (4)attendant n. 服务员；侍者 ❶I've got some unfinished business to attend to. 我还有一些未完成的事要处理。 ❷If you don't attend to your work, you won't succeed. 如果你不专心工作，你就不会成功。 ❸She had to stay at home to attend her sick mother. 她必须待在家里照顾她生病的母亲。 ❹They had a quiet wedding—only a few friends attended it. 他们低调地举行了婚礼——只有几个朋友参加。 ❺Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. 后来，汉娜上学的时候，她看见了另一个无家可归的人。 ❻Attendance at school is demanded by law. 法律规定必须上学。 特别提示： 表示参加、出席的几个易混词语，attend, join和take part in的区别 (1)attend表示“参加”“出席”意义时，通常指“参加或出席会议，听课”，是“be present at. . . ”之意。 (2)join通常指“加入某个团体或组织，参军”等。 (3)take part in指参加某项活动，并在活动中起积极作用。如：take part in the sports meeting. 参加这次运动会(可能是参加了具体运动项目) [即学即练]　完成句子 ①他又要再一次离开球队去照顾他的家人。 He is leaving the team once again ________________. ②他父亲刚刚去世，他不得不忙于他的事情。 His father passed away recently. He had to ________________. ③让我高兴的是，我从成百上千的申请者中被选中参加开幕式。 To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to ________________. 15. addition n. 增加物；添加；[数]加法 (1)in addition 另外 in addition to 除……之外 (2)add vt. 增加；补充；附带说明 add up 合计，加起来；合情理；说得通 add . . . to . . . 把……加到/进……里 add up to 加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态) add to 增加；增添 add that. . . 补充说…… ❶The slide should be an addition to, not a summary of, your ideas and concepts. 幻灯片应该是对你的想法和概念的延伸，而不是归纳概括。 ❷Add up all the expenses and you will find that you can't afford the trip. 把所有的费用加起来，你会发现旅游费用你负担不起。 ❸He added that the theater's location was also a reason. 他补充说，影院的位置也是一个原因。 ❹The heavy rain added to the difficulties in rescuing the buried people. 大雨增加了营救被掩埋人们的困难。 ❺In addition to his movie work, Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes. 除了电影事业，雷德福还是个知名的环保斗士。 高考助记 1. Rude words, name­calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional life. 粗话、辱骂和指责只会火上浇油。 2. Remember: Little steps add up to big dreams. 记住：小进步成就大梦想。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Eggs are great for breakfast or as ________ addition to a lunch salad. ②In addition ________ these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. ③I added ________ all the advantages and disadvantages and decided to take up the job. [名师指津]　attend to作“处理”讲时，与do (deal) with意义相近；作“照顾”讲时，与take care of，look after意义相近。attend侧重“参加”之意。 16. priority n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 priority over sb. /sth. 相较于某人或某物，……地位更重要/更有优先权 give priority to. . . 给予……优先权；优先考虑…… ❶There are so many things to do. You must decide what your priorities are. 这有很多事情要做。你必须分清轻重缓急。 ❷Japan has priority in the field of microelectronics. 日本在微电子学领域中具有优势。 ❸Vehicles coming from the right have priority. 从右边驶来的车辆享有优先通行权。 ❹The search for a new vaccine took priority over all other medical research. 研制新疫苗优先于其他一切医学研究之前。 ❺Give priority to your way of thinking prior to learning. 在学习之前，优先考虑一下你的思维方式。 高考助词 Nowadays the priority for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. 如今，人们旅游时优先考虑的事情从购物转移到美食和风景。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Education is ________ top priority. ②They insist that the right to live should take priority ________ all other considerations. ③We give priority_________projects affecting people's well­being in allocating public resources. 17. keen adj. 热切的；热情的；灵敏的，敏锐的：(指刀等的尖和刃)锋利的，快的；浓厚的，强烈的 be keen to do sth. 热切地想要做某事 be keen on sb. /sth. 喜爱某人/某事物 ❶I'm not keen to go again. 我不太想再去了。 ❷Dogs have a keen sense of smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏。 ❸He told Mike that he was keen to help. 他跟迈克说他很热切地想要帮忙。 ❹I'm not too keen on jazz. 我不太喜欢爵士乐。 归纳拓展　“渴望……做某事” be eager to do. . . be anxious to do. . . long to do. . . desire to do be dying to do. . . [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①They were keen ________ (find) the buried treasure. ②The little girl is very keen ________ dancing and she goes to dancing classes every Sunday. ③Susan, a biology student, has ________ keen interest in wildlife. 18. acquire vt. 获得；购得；学到；捕获 acquire sth. (from sb. ) (从某人那里)获得；买到；取得 acquire a knowledge of. . . 获得……知识 acquire the habit (of doing sth. ) 养成(做某事的)习惯 acquire a taste for. . . 开始喜欢上…… ❶It's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand. 继续教授书法并帮助孩子获得书写的技巧很重要。 ❷She acquired a good knowledge of English by careful study. 她通过认真学习精通了英语。 ❸This beer isn't bad, I'm beginning to acquire a taste for it. 这啤酒不错，我开始爱喝了。 obtain：较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。 gain：侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。 get：普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。 近义辨析：acquire, obtain, gain, get这些动词均含有“获得；取得；得到”之意 acquire：强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地逐渐地获得，书面语用词。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①我最近开始喜欢吃橄榄了。 I have recently ________________ olives. ②养成读书的习惯就给你自己建造了一座逃避人生几乎所有不幸的避难所。 ________________ is to construct for yourself a refuge from almost all the miseries of life. 19. (教材P55)Do you agree that there is no point studying something that you like but you are not very good at? 你同意学习一些你喜欢但你并不太擅长的事情是没有意义的吗？ [句式分析]　本句中第一个that引导宾语从句，从句中包含there is no point (in) doing sth. 这一句式 there's no point (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事是没有意义的”。在此句型中，point为不可数名词，意为“目的；意图”，in可以省略。 ❶There is no point (in) worrying about him. 担心他是没有用的。 ❷There is no point (in) asking for it, because you always don't care about anything. 问这个没有意义，因为你总是什么都不在乎。 特别提示： it is no use doing sth. 做某事是没有用的 it is no good doing sth. 做某事是没有用的/没好处的 there is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的 there is no need to do sth. 没必要做某事 ①It is no use regretting what you have done. 后悔你的所作所为是没有用的。 ②It is no good telling a lie. 撒谎没什么好处。 ③There is no sense (in) getting upset about it now. 现在为这事烦恼没有意义。 ④There is no need to apologise to her. 没必要向她道歉。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/翻译句子 ①Once he has made up his mind, there is no point in ________ (persuade) him. ②There is no need ________ (keep) an eye on him all day. He is not a child after all. ③There is no sense in learning a foreign language if you cannot use it. ________________________________________________________________________ ④It is no use arguing with him about it. ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤It is no good talking to them. ________________________________________________________________________ 20. (教材P56)I have been captain of my school table tennis team for two years, so I know how to lead and decide on priorities. 我曾担任学校乒乓球队队长两年，所以我知道如何领导和决定事情的轻重缓急。 [句式分析]　how to lead and decide on priorities属于“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作谓语动词know的宾语。 “疑问词＋不定式”结构 (1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，不定式必须用主动语态而不能用被动语态。 (2)whether后可接不定式，而if不能。 (3)动词tell, show, understand, know, explain, teach, learn, advise等常接“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。 ❶How to stop polluting rivers is a big issue. 如何停止对河流的污染是一个大问题。 ❷We must know what to say at the meeting. 我们必须知道在会议上说些什么。 ❸In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. 审判中，法官必须决定哪个目击证人的言论可靠，谁该相信谁不该相信。 特别提示： 疑问词＋不定式作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，例如： Where to go tomorrow has not been decided. 明天到什么地方去尚未决定。 [即学即练]　 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①When and where ____________ (hold) the meeting remains to be discussed further. ②With the Teachers' Day approaching, we've decided which classrooms ____________ (decorate). ③I really don't know whether I will accept her invitation or not. →I really don't know ____________ her invitation or not. 【答案】 1. ①bounce back　②bounced back 2. ①into　②insights 3. ①suits　②suitable　③to use　④unsuitable 4. ①off　②in　③into 5. ①relate　②relations　③related to　④is related to　⑤relation 6. ①spied　②have been spying/be spying　③on 7. ①I hadn't eaten　②I listened to my favorite music；played table tennis　③had no exam　④had been at my sister's wedding 8. ①enjoying　②asked　③interested　④If necessary　⑤Once lost 9. ①belonging　②increasing　③trembling　④screaming　⑤being performed 10. ①justice　②to justify 11. ①accused　②accusation　③of 12. ①from　②with　③conclusion　④In　⑤conclude 13. ①is committed　②to　③Committed 14. ①to attend to his family　②attend to his affairs　③attend the opening ceremony 15. ①an　②to　③up 16. ①a　②over　③to 17. ①to find　②on　③a 18. ①acquired a taste for　②To acquire the habit of reading 19. ①persuading　②to keep ③若不能使用外语，学外语则毫无意义。 ④就此事和他争论没有用。 ⑤和他们讨论是没好处的。 20. ①to hold　②to decorate　③whether to accept 第3节 应用与提升 语境实战 翻译提升 Ⅰ. 单词语境填空(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) 1. It is said that the murderer has employed a famous ________ (律师) to defend him. 2. She ________ (使弹起) the ball against the wall. 3. I barely passed algebra and ________ (几何), but here she's head of her class in both. 4. The doctor lapped a bandage around the wounded soldier's ________ (手腕). 5. He locked these papers up in the bottom ________ (抽屉). 6. I have not met him yet but I have read his ________ (简介) on the Internet. 7. Everyone came out well in the wedding photograph except the ________ (新郎). 8. ________ (资金) for education comes from taxpayers. 9. The validity period of the ________ (证书) should not be longer than 12 months. 10. The________ (委员会)discussed the proposed law on taxes. 11. They are very good ________ (雇主). 12. Tourists need a guide to pilot them through the ________(沙漠). 13. The Panama ________ (运河)joins two oceans. 14. Send her the ________ (收据)so she knows exactly what she's missing. 15. We should use slow fire to ________ (油炸) fish. 【答案】 1. lawyer　2. bounced　3. geometry　4. wrist　5. drawer　6. profile　7. bridegroom 8. Finance　9. certificate　10. council　11. employers　12. desert　13. Canal　14. receipt　15. fry Ⅱ. 词汇拓展单句填空。(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) 1. ①At that time, Nelson Mandela was a _____________ (law), who often offered black people legal advice and help. ②The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of _____________ (law) stopping our rights and progress. 2. He majors in finance and thus, he can skillfully deal with _____________ (finance) issues. 3. The _____________ of the firm _____________ 1，000 _____________ last year and created many _____________ opportunities. (employ) 4. All the _____________ have _____________ in at least two kinds of activities in the past two weeks. (participate) 【答案】 1． lawyer; laws 2． financial 3． employer; employed; employees; employment 4． participants; participated III. 词块语法单句填空 look back, bounce around, be passionate about, head start, come to a conclusion 1. A good education gives your child a _____________ in life. 2. When Nancy saw the advertisement in the newspaper, there were several ideas _____________. 3. I from my own experiences _____________ that where there is a will, there is a way. 4. We all need to _____________ something in life, and we must follow our heart. 5. I can _____________ on things with a clear conscience. I did everything I could. 【答案】 1． head start 2． bouncing around 3． came to a conclusion 4． be passionate about 5． look back IV. 重点句式仿写 1. 因此，我给您写信寻求如何处理我和父母之间分歧的建议。(疑问词＋动词不定式) So I am writing to you to ask for your suggestions on ____________________________________________. 2. 我真希望我的父母能够改变主意，我们能够好好相处。(wish后的虚拟语气) I do wish that my parents _________________________________________________________________. 3. 一旦他下定决心，说服他改变主意就没有意义了。(there is no point in doing sth) Once he has made up his mind, ______________________________________________________________. 4. 我第一次上这位年轻老师的课时，我就对他的课感兴趣。(the first time) _________________________________________________________________, I was interested in it 【答案】 1． how to handle the disagreements between me and my parents 2． could change their minds and we could get along well with each other 3． there is no point in persuading him to change his mind 4． The first time I attended the young teacher's lesson, V. 课文语法填空。(Reading and Thinking部分) To complete a “career aptitude test” is one of the most 1. ________ (effect) ways to get some insight on a possible career path. The results of the test will tell you about your strengths and 2. ________ (interest). There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests online, so give one 3. ________ try. Some focus more on 4. ________ (ask) you to rate different kinds of work scenarios, like working as a 5. _________ (library) or a lawyer. While 6. __________ (complete) these sorts of tests, 7. ________ is very important to be honest. The career suggestions 8. ___________ (base) on your education and experience level, but you can look at higher­level careers as well, 9. __________ is very useful for high school students. This is a great tool to help plan your career and let you know what targets you need to reach to get there. In conclusion, career aptitude tests are 10. ________(clear) a very useful tool. 【答案】 1. effective　2. interests　3. a　4. asking　5. librarian　 6. completing　7. it　8. are based　9. which　10. clearly 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$