精品解析：四川省达州市万源中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（含听力）

null 四川省万源中学高2026届期中试题（高二.上） 英 语 本试卷共8页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题 95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. At a bus stop. B. At home. C. At the airport. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A street. B. A park. C. A dog. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the boy go to the museum? A By foot. B. By underground. C. By bike. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean? A. The boy needs to have a rest. B. The boy has to go over lessons at weekends. C. The boy should have passed the exam last time. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman going to do next? A. Go to the restaurant. B. Type the document. C. See a dentist. 第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the man say about the first shirt? A. It is similar to one of his old shirts. B. Its color doesn’t suit him. C. Its price is too high. 7. Which shirt will the man buy? A. The white one. B. The green one. C. The black one. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. When will the grass be cut? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. In three weeks. 9. Why is Mrs. Johnson’s grass long? A. She is too busy. B. Jim hasn’t cut it. C. Her husband hasn’t cut it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What do storm hunters do? A. Follow tornadoes and study them. B. Save people in stormy weather. C. Collect pictures about tornadoes. 11. What does Dr. Roberts usually do to study tornadoes? A. Read magazines about tornadoes. B. Measure tornadoes closely in his car. C. Invent instruments to forecast tornadoes. 12. What’s Dr. Robert’s future plan? A. Publishing an article about tornadoes. B. Setting up a research project. C. Recording the inside of a tornado. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does Dr. Baker say in Tip two? A. Don’t do homework before bedtime. B. Only do easier homework before bedtime. C. Don’t get tired before bedtime. 14. What does Dr. Baker ask to turn off? A. Music, phone, TV and computer. B. Phone, TV and computer. C. Phone and TV. 15. Why does Dr. Baker disagree with video games before bedtime? A. It’s exciting. B. It’s time-wasting. C. It’s noisy. 16. What’s Dr. Baker’s advice on the phone? A. Turn it down. B. Put it beside the bed. C. Leave it out of bedroom. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What are the highest temperatures in Northern India now? A. About 35℃. B. Almost 40℃. C. Over 45℃. 18. How many Indian people died in 2016 due to heat-related illnesses? A. About 200. B. About 1000. C. About 2,000. 19. What will be done under extremely high temperatures? A. Government projects will be done at night. B. Bottles of water will be sold at low prices. C. School days will be reduced. 20. What will the weather be like late this month in India? A. Cooler. B. All the same. C. Hotter. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Interesting Science Museums Polytechnic Museum, Russia For many guests of the capital, some of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum. A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls-Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition (博览会) is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike. The interactive division “Technoplay” is open, where you not only can but also need touch most of the exhibits with your hands. In addition to self-experimentation, for personal requests the museum’s experts will show many entertaining experiments. Eureka, England The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and technology are becoming clear, even to kids. The main exhibition is devoted to the human body, the laws of physics and natural things. Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands. On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there. Deutsches Museum, Germany In this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills (风车) to medical equipment. All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes. Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children-there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three. NEMO, the Netherlands The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone. This immersion (沉浸) in the world of science and technology will not be dull. All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything. The museum is for children from 6 to 16, as well as for their parents-it will be interesting to all. 21 What can we learn from paragraph one? A. Visitors will show entertaining experiments. B. Kids have the chance to watch entertaining movies. C. If you are interested in the exhibits, you can touch all of them. D. Visitors can learn something about transportation. 22. Where should a kid go if he or she is interested in trees? A. Polytechnic Museum. B. Deutsches Museum. C. Eureka. D. NEMO. 23. What makes NEMO special? A. It is specially designed for children. B. It shows information of exhibits in games. C. Lots of enjoyable experiments are shown. D. Some exhibits can be touched or pressed. B When asked about her childhood in the documentary Alive Inside, a 90-year-old woman with dementia replies,“I’ve forgotten so much.” Film-maker Michael Rossato-Bennett then plays music from her past for her. “That’s Louis Armstrong,” she says. “He’s singing When the Saints Go Marching In and it takes me back to my school days.” She then recalls exact details from her life. Why does it happen? Music tends to accompany events that arouse emotions or otherwise make strong impressions on us—such as weddings and graduations. These kinds of experiences form strong memories, and the music and memories likely become intertwined(紧密相连) in our neural(神经的) networks, according to Julene Johnson, a professor at the University of California. Movements, such as dancing, also often pair with our experience of music, which can help form memories. Even many years later,hearing the music can bring back memories of these long-past events. As Alive Inside shows,music has this power even for many people with dementia. Researchers note that the brain areas that process and remember music are typically less damaged by dementia than other areas, and they think it may explain the phenomenon. They also pay attention to elderly people with dementia, especially those in nursing homes. “It’s possible those long-term memories are still there,” Johnson says,“but people just have a harder time accessing them because they’re in a strange place and there’re not a lot of circumstances in which someone could pull out those memories.” Johnson also notes that music is not universally useful for all people with dementia since there are some people with dementia whose brain area that recognizes music is damaged. Despite music’s apparent benefits, few studies have explored its influence on memory recall in people with dementia. “It’s really an untapped area,” Johnson says. Petr Janata is a researcher investigating the topic of music and memory. He says that scientists still do not have the answers to why and how music reawakens memories in people with dementia, but this phenomenon is real and it’s just a matter of time before it’s fully borne out by scientific research. 24. What helps the old woman in Alive Inside recall her childhood? A. The description of her school days B. A film she watched before. C. A song she listened to before. D. The voice of her childhood friend. 25. What benefit of music is discussed in paragraph 2? A. It helps make lasting memories. B. It helps cure patients of dementia. C. It helps arouse emotions in special events. D. It helps remember dance movements easily. 26. According to Johnson, what should we do for elderly people with dementia? A. Send them to nursing homes for good care. B. Provide familiar environments for them. C. Play lots of classical music to them. D. Talk to them about their past. 27. What do we know about the study into music and memory recall in people with dementia? A. It is criticized by Petr Janata. B. It is a ground-breaking study. C. It is supported by solid evidence. D. It applies to all people with dementia. C Some games fade into near irrelevance, while others pass the test of time and continue to be enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. Bingo is a hugely entertaining game played all over the world and it has been around for roughly five centuries. It’s impossible to tell the exact time the game was invented, but rough estimations place its birth around 1530. The first players to enjoy this game were those who often went to the II Gioco del Lotto d’ Italia(意大利彩票)and it quickly became available in France. Bingo is now available at online bingo sites listed at bingosites, net and people enjoy it on virtual and real currency. Back in the day, it wasn’t necessarily a game played for profit, but rather a pleasant pastime with multiple uses. Few people know that bingo was used as an educational tool in Germany at the turn of the 18th century. Children had more fun playing this game while learning about multiplication tables and spelling, and in this country, the name was called Tombola, Bingo was one of the last games to be added to the portfolios of online casinos (赌场), well after slots, table games, and video pokers. Players were reluctant to switch from brick — and — mortar locations to online bingo rooms. Bingo is a game that fosters social interactions and in the absence of this key ingredient, it is far less exciting to play on real or virtual currency. Internet bingo rooms were able to address this concern by developing chat features allowing gamers to talk to each other while playing. Online bingo rooms are now licensed and regulated, so players can sign up for an account, make a deposit and gamble securely. The license gives them peace of mind, as they know that they don’t break any laws by playing the game on real money. Another reason online bingo is so popular is that you can try the game for free using the virtual currency which is replenished indefinitely. Mobile devices are also ideal for playing the game, with all that is needed being an Internet connection. 28. What is intended to be stressed in the first paragraph? A. Bingo’s popularity. B. Bingo’s development. C. Bingo’s mystery. D. Bingo’s invention. 29. What’s the writer’s attitude toward Bingo? A. Critical. B. Skeptical. C. Positive. D. Unclear. 30. What do the underlined words “this concern” refer to? A. Boring online rooms. B. Lack of communication. C. Absence of real money. D. Popularity of physical bingo locations. 31. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A. Bingo — An educational tool B. Online bingo — A hit around the world C. Bingo — An everlasting game D. Online Bingo — A game of mobile devices D It is well known that rhinos (犀牛) have poor eyesight, so they mostly rely on their noses to understand the world around them. But there’s one interaction in which sound plays a key role. Southern white rhino males can either be dominant (支配地位的) or subordinate. And only the dominant males hold and defend territories. New search finds that they can distinguish the calls of other males to know who is who. “ We found that contact calls carry information about the dominance status of the males. It means that only by listening to the calls, you can say if the male is territorial or subordinate.” Ivana Cinkoval, a zoologist at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. She and her team spent almost two years in South Africa’s Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park recording the social contact calls of male rhinos. Then they played those calls back to dominant territorial males and watched the responses. The researchers asked that the rhino calls not be included in this program due to the concern that calls might be used for illegal hunting. Back to the reactions of the rhinos. “They started to search for the unexpected visitor the most quickly and spent the longest time searching around for the unwelcome visitor after the playback of the subordinate call, which was quite surprising.” Only territorial male rhinos hold breeding (交配繁育) opportunities with the female rhinos. Subordinate males could thus be interested in challenging the territorial male for dominance. But dominant males rarely lose their territories to subordinate males, at least while they’re in prime condition. 32. What do dominant males rely on to identify others? A. Sense of hearing. B. Sense of touch. C. Sense of sight. D. Sense of smell. 33. Why didn’t researchers allow recorded calls to be included in the program? A. To protect their intellectual property rights. B. To keep people from being frightened by them. C. To prevent them from being used for hunting rhinos. D. To cover up the fact of illegal hunting in rhinos. 34. How did dominant males react to the subordinate call? A. They started to search for a hiding place. B. They sought for the comer quickly and carefully. C. They ran away from the unexpected visitors. D. They looked around with great alarm. 35. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Territorial males’ dominance is generally stable. B. Dominance males’ position is challenging. C. Subordinate males are aggressive. D. Subordinate males have breeding opportunities. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. ____36____Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (认知偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake. To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. ____37____ In a quiz about US citizens, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did — even when their answers were wrong. So what is behind “jumping”? Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. ____38____ It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusion made at first sight without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning. ____39____ A method called cognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are faced with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to gradually get rid of participants’ overconfidence. In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead jump to a conclusion is a frequent and important one. ____40____ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice. A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers. B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence. C We plan to trace other problems introduced by jumping. D. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions. E. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision. F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers. G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Pete Eckert started going blind, he decided to channel his feelings of loss into art. In his 20s at the time, Eckert would spend whole days preparing drawings and woodcuts before asking his wife to ____41____ the results to him. But the process was driving his wife ____42____. So, in search of a more instant medium, he turned his hand to photography. “When I started out, digital cameras hadn’t ____43____ traditional photography shops yet,” Eckert said on the phone from his home in Sacramento, California. “I would go to those photography shops and buy two rolls of film and ask ten ____44____ questions. I went every day. And by asking questions and getting ____45____, I learned.” More than two decades after entirely losing his sight from an eye disease, Eckert has ____46____ a successful career as a self-taught photographer now. When he first ____47____ the world of photography, Eckert would go on short trips at night with his dog for ____48____. He began by photographing statues, though he soon ____49____ more interesting subject matter. “To take photos of sculptures isn’t really ____50____ because the art is already there,” he said. “What I was looking for was a way of showing what ____51____ is like.” This new focus resulted in a ____52____ kind of photographic beauty — images ____53____ of ghostly figures and artfully vague (模糊的) lines that no one had ever tried before. Eckert’s images aren’t ____54____ metaphors (暗喻) for blindness. Many of them have been shot to literally represent what his mind sees offering sighted people a clear ____55____ into his world. 41. A. predict B. describe C. question D. confirm 42. A. worried B. lonely C. crazy D. disappointed 43. A. run into B. given away C. put off D. wiped out 44. A. professional B. academic C. difficult D. important 45. A. belief B. expectation C. judgment D. instruction 46. A. established B. introduced C. spotted D. ruined 47. A. put up with B. stood up for C. took charge of D. set foot in 48. A. protection B. inspiration C. promotion D. attraction 49. A. accepted B. invented C. sought D. checked 50. A. new B. fair C. hard D. easy 51. A. blindness B. world C. space D. loneliness 52. A. popular B. traditional C. practical D. unique 53. A. accused B. composed C. rid D. cleared 54. A. hardly B. simply C. rarely D. seriously 55. A. reason B. target C. view D. message 第II卷（非选择题55分） 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sichuan hot pots, Nanjing salted duck and Cantonese dim sum are the ____56____(tradition)Chinese foods. Sichuan hot pots are believed ____57____(start)off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters. ____58____(gradual), it ranges from simple delicious dishes by boiling vegetables, chillies and Sichuan peppers in water ____59____multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes. When I tried it, the hot flavour ____60____ (quick) our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. Nanjing’ s most famous food export is salted duck, ____61____ is juicy and salty. ____62____takes several days to prepare each Nanjing salted duck. A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised it, ____63____(say)it was without equal. In Guangzhou, morning tea is ____64____essential part of the daily routine. Today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate _____65_____(customer)appetite with more than a thousand offerings, with each more delicate and delicious. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你在美国友好学校交流期间认识的朋友Smith因为家乡遭遇了飓风，心情低落。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，要点包括： 1.表示关心； 2.介绍同学们可以提供给灾区的帮助； 3.鼓励他振作起来重建家园。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分）读后续写 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My family moved from Taiwan to a smalltown in central Georgia, where my dad got a visa for his family and a job. I had just learned English, and from what little I could gather from my friends. Santa Claus would come down one’s chimney and put toys in one’s stocking on Christmas Eve! What a great country, I thought. After I looked up “stocking” in my Chinese-English dictionary, I knew what I had to do and always expected that day. Finally, the big day came. On that wonderful night, after everyone went to bed, I sneaked out of bed, took my longest, cleanest knee sock and attached it to a nail already on the mantel (壁炉). Obviously, the previous owners of this house were no strangers to this Santa character. Gazing at the sock and imagining the delicately-packed gift in it, I couldn’t help giggling (咯咯笑). For the first time, I found it hard to fall asleep. And for the first time, I woke up before everyone else in the early morning. Then I headed straight to the fireplace and was even ready for what to say after seeing the gift. However, what happened next was the least thing I wanted to mention. On the nail was the empty and lonely sock. I was hit with the reality of the empty sock and the biggest lie ever told. I tried my best to holdback my tears but failed. Bursting into tears, I quickly took down the sock and stuffed it in the back of a drawer. Every December since then, the topic of Christmas memories would unavoidably come up, and I would amuse my friends with my poor-little-me story. I had to make it as funny as possible, or else I would cry once again. I didn’t know whether any of my audience ever noticed the sparkling tears hidden in my eyes. How could I know that Santa was just late? Nine years ago, on Christmas Eve, I heard a knock on the door when I was watching TV. Unwillingly, I dragged my feet and opened the door. (1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； (2)如下格式作答。 Outside the door stood an old man with a white beard and a red cap, holding a well-packed box. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Through tear-blurred eyes, I recognized the handwriting on the card. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 四川省万源中学高2026届期中试题（高二.上） 英 语 本试卷共8页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题 95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers? A. At a bus stop. B. At home. C. At the airport. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: You have to go now, Judy, or you’ll miss your flight. It’s an hour’s drive to the airport. W: I’m leaving. Don’t forget to water my flowers. Just a minute, where’s my ticket, Dad? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers talking about? A. A street. B. A park. C. A dog. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Why are you walking your dog on a busy street like this? M: It’s actually not mine. I saw it wandering in a nearby park. It looks like the dog from the lost and found advertisement in school. I was going to contact the owner. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the boy go to the museum? A. By foot. B. By underground. C. By bike. 【答案】B 【解析】 原文】M: I don’t want to walk to the museum. Have you seen my bike? W: Oh, your cousin borrowed it this morning. I forgot to tell you. M: Never mind. I’ll take the subway then. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean? A. The boy needs to have a rest. B. The boy has to go over lessons at weekends. C. The boy should have passed the exam last time. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Mom, must I stay at home reviewing lessons even at weekends? I’ve studied for several days. I need to relax. W: Last time you did pass the exam unexpectedly, but don’t push your luck this time because it is much more difficult. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman going to do next? A. Go to the restaurant. B. Type the document. C. See a dentist. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hey, Emily. We’re going to Susie Q’s Restaurant for lunch. Do you want to come along? W: Sorry, I can’t. I have to type the document for Scott. He’s having a dentist appointment. 第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the man say about the first shirt? A. It is similar to one of his old shirts. B. Its color doesn’t suit him. C. Its price is too high. 7. Which shirt will the man buy? A. The white one. B. The green one. C. The black one. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, sir. May I help you? M: Yes, can I see that shirt on the left shelf please? W: Sure. Here you are. M: How much is it? W: 55 dollars. M: 55 dollars? That’s too expensive. W: How about the one next to the yellow sweater? It’s cheaper and very similar to this one. It comes in three colors: white, black and green. M: Well, white one gets dirty easily and black would make me look dull. W: Then I’ll pack the green one for you? M: OK. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. When will the grass be cut? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. In three weeks. 9. Why is Mrs. Johnson’s grass long? A. She is too busy. B. Jim hasn’t cut it. C. Her husband hasn’t cut it. 【答案】8. B 9. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me, Mrs. Johnson. I noticed today that your grass has been getting very long. Would you like me to cut it for you? I’m going to do mine tomorrow, anyway. W: Wonderful! You are a very kind neighbor, Jim. My husband has been out of town for three weeks, and he usually does it. M: What time would be convenient for you? W: What about after breakfast, before it gets too hot outside? M: OK! I’ll come over with my tools around 9:00 tomorrow morning. W: That sounds perfect! Thank you so much! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What do storm hunters do? A. Follow tornadoes and study them. B. Save people in stormy weather. C. Collect pictures about tornadoes. 11. What does Dr. Roberts usually do to study tornadoes? A. Read magazines about tornadoes. B. Measure tornadoes closely in his car. C. Invent instruments to forecast tornadoes. 12. What’s Dr. Robert’s future plan? A. Publishing an article about tornadoes. B. Setting up a research project. C. Recording the inside of a tornado. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello and welcome to Amazing Adventures. Today we have a scientist Dr. Ken Roberts, who studies storms with us. Now, Dr. Roberts, you’re what some people call a “storm hunter”. Can you tell us what that is? M: Yes. A storm hunter’s someone who follows storms like tornadoes to study them. W: Interesting. Can you tell us more about what sort of things you do? M: Certainly. Well, for example, if I want to study tornadoes, then I usually follow them in my car. That way, I can get close enough to get measurements with my instruments. W: Do you have any studies planned for the future? M: Well, if I get a chance, I’ll try to film the inside of a tornado and publish the pictures in a magazine so that people can know it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does Dr. Baker say in Tip two? A. Don’t do homework before bedtime. B. Only do easier homework before bedtime. C. Don’t get tired before bedtime. 14. What does Dr. Baker ask to turn off? A. Music, phone, TV and computer. B. Phone, TV and computer. C. Phone and TV. 15. Why does Dr. Baker disagree with video games before bedtime? A. It’s exciting. B. It’s time-wasting. C. It’s noisy. 16. What’s Dr. Baker’s advice on the phone? A. Turn it down. B. Put it beside the bed. C. Leave it out of bedroom. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: At exam time it is important to sleep well. Today we have Doctor Baker with us in the studio and he is going to give us five top tips for getting a good night’s sleep. Welcome to the show, Doctor Baker. M: Thank you. It’s great to be here. Let’s start with tip one. Don’t go to bed with the television on. Some people think they can sleep well with the TV on, but the noise and lights mean you don’t really sleep well, so turn it off! Tip two: Don’t think too much before bedtime. Do your hardest homework earlier in the evening. Do easier homework later. If your brain is too busy and full of ideas it takes longer to get to sleep. Tip three: Don’t play video games an hour before you go to sleep. You may get excited, they can make your brain too busy and active. Tip four: Turn off your cell phone when you go to bed. What is so important that it can’t wait until the morning? If possible, leave your phone in another room. Tip five: Play music if you like. But don’t play it too loud. Turn the sound down low. W: Thank you for the useful advice for our young listeners, Doctor. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What are the highest temperatures in Northern India now? A. About 35℃. B. Almost 40℃. C. Over 45℃. 18. How many Indian people died in 2016 due to heat-related illnesses? A. About 200. B. About 1,000. C. About 2,000. 19. What will be done under extremely high temperatures? A. Government projects will be done at night. B. Bottles of water will be sold at low prices. C. School days will be reduced. 20. What will the weather be like late this month in India? A. Cooler. B. All the same. C. Hotter. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【原文】Northern India is now suffering from a heat wave with temperatures reaching 47℃. A blanket of hot air has settled on India’s capital New Delhi, making the usually busy streets quiet and somewhat lonely. In the past two years, people dying from heat-related illnesses in India have fallen sharply, from about 2,000 in 2015 to half that number in the following year, and to a little over 200 in 2017. According to a law passed in India in 2013, when temperatures rise to some degree which may cause extreme damage to human body, school days will be reduced, government projects will stop, and free water will be given in busy areas. India is aiming to reduce the number of deaths from extreme heat to zero in the next few years. The government officials said that so far this year, the heat has killed 11 people. Temperatures will drop across India at the end of this month with the arrival of the rainy season. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Interesting Science Museums Polytechnic Museum, Russia For many guests of the capital, some of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum. A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls-Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition (博览会) is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike. The interactive division “Technoplay” is open, where you not only can but also need touch most of the exhibits with your hands. In addition to self-experimentation, for personal requests the museum’s experts will show many entertaining experiments. Eureka, England The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and technology are becoming clear, even to kids. The main exhibition is devoted to the human body, the laws of physics and natural things. Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands. On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there. Deutsches Museum, Germany In this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills (风车) to medical equipment. All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes. Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children-there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three. NEMO, the Netherlands The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone. This immersion (沉浸) in the world of science and technology will not be dull. All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything. The museum is for children from 6 to 16, as well as for their parents-it will be interesting to all. 21. What can we learn from paragraph one? A. Visitors will show entertaining experiments. B. Kids have the chance to watch entertaining movies. C. If you are interested in the exhibits, you can touch all of them. D. Visitors can learn something about transportation. 22. Where should a kid go if he or she is interested in trees? A. Polytechnic Museum. B. Deutsches Museum. C. Eureka. D. NEMO. 23. What makes NEMO special? A. It is specially designed for children. B. It shows information of exhibits in games. C. Lots of enjoyable experiments are shown. D. Some exhibits can be touched or pressed. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家有趣的科学博物馆。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Polytechnic Museum, Russia中“A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls-Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition (博览会) is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike.( 65个展厅展示了各种技术领域——采矿、空间、能源和交通等。这个博览会是俄罗斯唯一一个关于自行车历史的博物馆项目)”可知，游客可以学到一些关于交通的知识。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“On the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there.(在尤里卡教育公园的区域有一个植物园，收集了来自芬兰岩石类型的矿物)”可知，如果一个孩子对树感兴趣，他或她应该去Eureka。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything.(所有重要的信息都以令人兴奋的游戏形式呈现出来。所有展品都是互动的；参观者可以触摸、拉和按任何东西)”可知，让NEMO特别的是在游戏中展示展品信息。故选B。 B When asked about her childhood in the documentary Alive Inside, a 90-year-old woman with dementia replies,“I’ve forgotten so much.” Film-maker Michael Rossato-Bennett then plays music from her past for her. “That’s Louis Armstrong,” she says. “He’s singing When the Saints Go Marching In and it takes me back to my school days.” She then recalls exact details from her life. Why does it happen? Music tends to accompany events that arouse emotions or otherwise make strong impressions on us—such as weddings and graduations. These kinds of experiences form strong memories, and the music and memories likely become intertwined(紧密相连) in our neural(神经的) networks, according to Julene Johnson, a professor at the University of California. Movements, such as dancing, also often pair with our experience of music, which can help form memories. Even many years later,hearing the music can bring back memories of these long-past events. As Alive Inside shows,music has this power even for many people with dementia. Researchers note that the brain areas that process and remember music are typically less damaged by dementia than other areas, and they think it may explain the phenomenon. They also pay attention to elderly people with dementia, especially those in nursing homes. “It’s possible those long-term memories are still there,” Johnson says,“but people just have a harder time accessing them because they’re in a strange place and there’re not a lot of circumstances in which someone could pull out those memories.” Johnson also notes that music is not universally useful for all people with dementia since there are some people with dementia whose brain area that recognizes music is damaged. Despite music’s apparent benefits, few studies have explored its influence on memory recall in people with dementia. “It’s really an untapped area,” Johnson says. Petr Janata is a researcher investigating the topic of music and memory. He says that scientists still do not have the answers to why and how music reawakens memories in people with dementia, but this phenomenon is real and it’s just a matter of time before it’s fully borne out by scientific research. 24. What helps the old woman in Alive Inside recall her childhood? A. The description of her school days B. A film she watched before. C. A song she listened to before. D. The voice of her childhood friend. 25. What benefit of music is discussed in paragraph 2? A. It helps make lasting memories. B. It helps cure patients of dementia. C. It helps arouse emotions in special events. D. It helps remember dance movements easily. 26. According to Johnson, what should we do for elderly people with dementia? A. Send them to nursing homes for good care. B. Provide familiar environments for them. C. Play lots of classical music to them. D. Talk to them about their past. 27. What do we know about the study into music and memory recall in people with dementia? A. It is criticized by Petr Janata. B. It is a ground-breaking study. C. It is supported by solid evidence. D. It applies to all people with dementia. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，根据加州大学教授Johnson研究发现：人们从音乐中获得丰富的情感体验，音乐和记忆力通过神经紧密联系，从而达到记忆力恢复的效果。但是目前相关研究还比较少。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Film-maker Michael Rossato-Bennett then plays music from her past for her. ‘That’s Louis Armstrong,’ she says. ‘He’s singing When the Saints Go Marching In and it takes me back to my school days.’ She then recalls exact details from her life.(然后电影制作人Michael Rossato-Bennett为她播放了过去的音乐。‘那是Louis Armstrong，’她说。‘他在唱When the Saints Go Marching In，这首歌把我带回了学生时代。’然后她回忆起她生活中的确切细节)”得知，一首老人以前听过的歌帮助她回忆起了童年。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“These kinds of experiences form strong memories, and the music and memories likely become intertwined(紧密相连) in our neural(神经的) networks (这种经历形成了强烈的记忆，音乐和记忆很可能在我们的神经网络中紧密相连)”以及“Even many years later, hearing the music can bring back memories of these long-past events.(即使在许多年后，听到音乐也能勾起对这些很久以前的事情的回忆)”可知，本段讲述的是音乐有助于形成持久的记忆。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘It’s possible those long-term memories are still there,’ Johnson says, ‘but people just have a harder time accessing them because they’re in a strange place and there’re not a lot of circumstances in which someone could pull out those memories.’(‘有可能那些长期记忆仍然在那里，’Johnson说，‘但人们很难获取它们，因为他们在一个陌生的地方，没有很多情况下，人们可以提取这些记忆。’)”可知，Johnson认为患老年痴呆的人由于身处一个陌生的环境而无法获取记忆，由此可以推断出我们应该为患老年痴呆的人创造熟悉的环境。故选B。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Despite music’s apparent benefits, few studies have explored its influence on memory recall in people with dementia. ‘It’s really an untapped area,’ Johnson says.(尽管音乐有明显的好处，但很少有研究探讨它对痴呆症患者记忆回忆的影响。‘这真的是一个尚未开发的领域，’Johnson说)”可知，关于音乐和患老年痴呆的人的记忆力方面的研究是开拓性研究。故选B。 C Some games fade into near irrelevance, while others pass the test of time and continue to be enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. Bingo is a hugely entertaining game played all over the world and it has been around for roughly five centuries. It’s impossible to tell the exact time the game was invented, but rough estimations place its birth around 1530. The first players to enjoy this game were those who often went to the II Gioco del Lotto d’ Italia(意大利彩票)and it quickly became available in France. Bingo is now available at online bingo sites listed at bingosites, net and people enjoy it on virtual and real currency. Back in the day, it wasn’t necessarily a game played for profit, but rather a pleasant pastime with multiple uses. Few people know that bingo was used as an educational tool in Germany at the turn of the 18th century. Children had more fun playing this game while learning about multiplication tables and spelling, and in this country, the name was called Tombola, Bingo was one of the last games to be added to the portfolios of online casinos (赌场), well after slots, table games, and video pokers. Players were reluctant to switch from brick — and — mortar locations to online bingo rooms. Bingo is a game that fosters social interactions and in the absence of this key ingredient, it is far less exciting to play on real or virtual currency. Internet bingo rooms were able to address this concern by developing chat features allowing gamers to talk to each other while playing. Online bingo rooms are now licensed and regulated, so players can sign up for an account, make a deposit and gamble securely. The license gives them peace of mind, as they know that they don’t break any laws by playing the game on real money. Another reason online bingo is so popular is that you can try the game for free using the virtual currency which is replenished indefinitely. Mobile devices are also ideal for playing the game, with all that is needed being an Internet connection. 28. What is intended to be stressed in the first paragraph? A. Bingo’s popularity. B. Bingo’s development. C. Bingo’s mystery. D. Bingo’s invention. 29. What’s the writer’s attitude toward Bingo? A. Critical. B. Skeptical. C. Positive. D. Unclear. 30. What do the underlined words “this concern” refer to? A. Boring online rooms. B. Lack of communication. C. Absence of real money. D. Popularity of physical bingo locations. 31. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A. Bingo — An educational tool B. Online bingo — A hit around the world C. Bingo — An everlasting game D. Online Bingo — A game of mobile devices 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宾果游戏。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据本段第二句“Some games fade into near irrelevance, while others pass the test of time and continue to be enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. Bingo is a hugely entertaining game played all over the world and it has been around for roughly five centuries.(有些游戏逐渐变得无关紧要，而另一些则通过了时间的考验，继续为世界各地数百万人所喜爱。宾果是一种非常有趣的游戏，在世界各地都有玩，它已经存在了大约五个世纪)”结合本段其他内容，可知作者在本段想要重点论述的是宾果游戏的流行。其他三项均有提及，但都作为补充信息。故选A项。 29题详解】 推理判断题。第二段中“Back in the day, it wasn’t necessarily a game played for profit, but rather a pleasant pastime with multiple uses. Few people know that bingo was used as an educational tool in Germany at the turn of the 18th century. Children had more fun playing this game while learning about multiplication tables and spelling, and in this country, the name was called Tombola,(在当时，它并不一定是一种为了盈利而玩的游戏，而是一种具有多种用途的愉快消遣。很少有人知道，宾果游戏在18世纪初的德国被用作一种教育工具。孩子们在学习乘法表和拼写的同时，玩这个游戏更有趣，在这个国家，这个名字被称为Tombola)”，作者在介绍宾果游戏的时候用到了“pleasant”, “had more fun”等表达，可以推测出作者对于宾果游戏是正面的支持态度。故选C项。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Bingo is a game that fosters social interactions and in the absence of this key ingredient, it is far less exciting to play on real or virtual currency.(宾果是一款促进社交互动的游戏，如果缺少这一关键因素，那么用真实或虚拟货币玩游戏就不那么令人兴奋了)”可知，宾果游戏非常重视人与人的流，如果没有交流，那么游戏将会变得不那么有趣。而接下来的句子提到网上的宾果游戏室可以解决这一问题，可以推测这一问题指的是“缺乏交流”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some games fade into near irrelevance, while others pass the test of time and continue to be enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world.(有些游戏逐渐变得无关紧要，而另一些则通过了时间的考验，继续为世界各地数百万人所喜爱)”以及最后一段“Bingo was one of the last games to be added to the portfolios of online casinos, well after slots, table games, and video pokers. (宾果是继老虎机、桌上游戏和视频扑克之后，最后加入在线赌场组合的游戏之一)”可知，本文主要讲述的是宾果游戏从过去最开始的形式发展到现在的网络模式，经久不衰。故选C项。 D It is well known that rhinos (犀牛) have poor eyesight, so they mostly rely on their noses to understand the world around them. But there’s one interaction in which sound plays a key role. Southern white rhino males can either be dominant (支配地位的) or subordinate. And only the dominant males hold and defend territories. New search finds that they can distinguish the calls of other males to know who is who. “ We found that contact calls carry information about the dominance status of the males. It means that only by listening to the calls, you can say if the male is territorial or subordinate.” Ivana Cinkoval, a zoologist at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. She and her team spent almost two years in South Africa’s Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park recording the social contact calls of male rhinos. Then they played those calls back to dominant territorial males and watched the responses. The researchers asked that the rhino calls not be included in this program due to the concern that calls might be used for illegal hunting. Back to the reactions of the rhinos. “They started to search for the unexpected visitor the most quickly and spent the longest time searching around for the unwelcome visitor after the playback of the subordinate call, which was quite surprising.” Only territorial male rhinos hold breeding (交配繁育) opportunities with the female rhinos. Subordinate males could thus be interested in challenging the territorial male for dominance. But dominant males rarely lose their territories to subordinate males, at least while they’re in prime condition. 32. What do dominant males rely on to identify others? A. Sense of hearing. B. Sense of touch. C. Sense of sight. D. Sense of smell. 33. Why didn’t researchers allow recorded calls to be included in the program? A. To protect their intellectual property rights. B. To keep people from being frightened by them. C. To prevent them from being used for hunting rhinos. D. To cover up the fact of illegal hunting in rhinos. 34. How did dominant males react to the subordinate call? A. They started to search for a hiding place. B. They sought for the comer quickly and carefully. C. They ran away from the unexpected visitors. D. They looked around with great alarm. 35. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Territorial males’ dominance is generally stable. B. Dominance males’ position is challenging. C. Subordinate males are aggressive. D. Subordinate males have breeding opportunities. 【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了犀牛可以通过听觉来辨别其他的雄性。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“New search finds that they can distinguish the calls of other males to know who is who.(新的研究发现它们可以分辨出其他雄性的叫声来辨别谁是谁)”可知，处于支配地位的雄性犀牛通过听觉来辨别其他的雄性。故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The researchers asked that the rhino calls not be included in this program due to the concern that calls might be used for illegal hunting.(研究人员要求犀牛的叫声不要包括在这个程序中，因为担心这些叫声可能被用于非法狩猎)”可知，研究人员不允许把犀牛的叫声包括在这个程序中是为了防止这些叫声被用于非法狩猎。故选C。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They started to search for the unexpected visitor the most quickly and spent the longest time searching around for the unwelcome visitor after the playback of the subordinate call, which was quite surprising.(它们开始快速寻找意外的来访者并且在重新播放了处于从属地位的犀牛的叫声之后花了很长时间寻找不受欢迎的访客，这是一件非常令人惊讶的事)”可知，在听到处于从属地位的犀牛的叫声之后，处于支配地位的犀牛的反应是快速并仔细地寻找来访者。故选B。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But dominant males rarely lose their territories to subordinate males, at least while they’re in prime condition.(但是处于支配地位的雄性犀牛很少把领地让给从属的雄性，至少在它们状态良好的时候不会)”可知，领地雄性的统治地位一般是稳定的。故选A。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. ____36____Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (认知偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake. To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. ____37____ In a quiz about US citizens, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did — even when their answers were wrong. So what is behind “jumping”? Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. ____38____ It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusion made at first sight without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning. ____39____ A method called cognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are faced with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to gradually get rid of participants’ overconfidence. In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead jump to a conclusion is a frequent and important one. ____40____ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice. A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers. B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence. C. We plan to trace other problems introduced by jumping. D. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions. E. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision. F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers. G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake. 【答案】36 D 37. B 38. F 39. A 40. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。但一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。 【36题详解】 根据上文“How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice.(你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节)”结合下文提到了jumper“急于得出结论的人”可知，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人——急于得出结论的人。D项“但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论”符合题意，与上文内容形成对比。故选D。 【37题详解】 根据上文“We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.(我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多)”和下文“In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.(在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的)”推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且过于自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正确的几率。B项“此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题”符合题意，呈上启下。故选B。 【38题详解】 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. (自动系统，反映容易、自发且无需努力就能进入大脑的想法，以及控制系统，包括有意识和轻松的推理。急于得出结论的人和仔细思考者同样受到自动思维的影响)”可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响。但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同。F项“然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理”符合题意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处。故选F。 【39题详解】 空处位于段首，应开启下文。根据下文“A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.(一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。在这个培训中，参与者要面对自己的偏见。他们可以学习到错误的地方和思考问题的其他方法。它有助于消除参与者的过度自信)”可知，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，消除过度自信。A项“幸运的是，急于得出结论者可能还有一些希望”符合题意。故选A。 【40题详解】 根据上文“In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one.(在日常生活中，我们是应该深思熟虑，还是按照直觉行事，这是一个常见而重要的问题)”和下文“Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.(有时候，我们做出的最重要决定可能要做出选择之前多花些时间)”可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。G项“最近的研究表明，即使只收集了一点更多的证据，也可以帮助我们避免重大错误”符合题意。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Pete Eckert started going blind, he decided to channel his feelings of loss into art. In his 20s at the time, Eckert would spend whole days preparing drawings and woodcuts before asking his wife to ____41____ the results to him. But the process was driving his wife ____42____. So, in search of a more instant medium, he turned his hand to photography. “When I started out, digital cameras hadn’t ____43____ traditional photography shops yet,” Eckert said on the phone from his home in Sacramento, California. “I would go to those photography shops and buy two rolls of film and ask ten ____44____ questions. I went every day. And by asking questions and getting ____45____, I learned.” More than two decades after entirely losing his sight from an eye disease, Eckert has ____46____ a successful career as a self-taught photographer now. When he first ____47____ the world of photography, Eckert would go on short trips at night with his dog for ____48____. He began by photographing statues, though he soon ____49____ more interesting subject matter. “To take photos of sculptures isn’t really ____50____ because the art is already there,” he said. “What I was looking for was a way of showing what ____51____ is like.” This new focus resulted in a ____52____ kind of photographic beauty — images ____53____ of ghostly figures and artfully vague (模糊的) lines that no one had ever tried before. Eckert’s images aren’t ____54____ metaphors (暗喻) for blindness. Many of them have been shot to literally represent what his mind sees, offering sighted people a clear ____55____ into his world. 41. A. predict B. describe C. question D. confirm 42. A. worried B. lonely C. crazy D. disappointed 43. A. run into B. given away C. put off D. wiped out 44. A. professional B. academic C. difficult D. important 45. A. belief B. expectation C. judgment D. instruction 46. A. established B. introduced C. spotted D. ruined 47. A. put up with B. stood up for C. took charge of D. set foot in 48. A. protection B. inspiration C. promotion D. attraction 49. A. accepted B. invented C. sought D. checked 50. A. new B. fair C. hard D. easy 51. A. blindness B. world C. space D. loneliness 52. A. popular B. traditional C. practical D. unique 53. A. accused B. composed C. rid D. cleared 54. A. hardly B. simply C. rarely D. seriously 55. A. reason B. target C. view D. message 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. B 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一名盲人在每天去照相馆询问摄影专业问题后，自学成才，用自己独特的摄影风格，成为了一名非常知名的摄影师。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时20多岁的埃克特会在向妻子询要求描述结果之前花一整天准备图纸和木刻。A.predict预报，预言；B.describe描写，描述；C. question质问，询问；D. confirm确认，证实。根据常识，作者是盲人看不到，所以是请自己的妻子给自己描述绘画的结果。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这个过程正在驱使他的妻子变的疯狂。A.worried焦虑的，担忧的；B.lonely孤独的，寂寞的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.disappointed失望的。根据but表转折和常识可知，妻子总是给他描述绘画的结果快疯了。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：“当我刚开始时，数码相机还没有摧毁传统的摄影店,”埃克特在加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托的家中通过电话说。A.run into偶然遇见； B.given away赠送，分发；C.put off延期，欺诈；D.wiped out彻底摧毁。由下文“buy two rolls of film”可知，那时候还流行胶片，即那个时候数码相机还没有代替胶片，即还没有彻底摧毁传统摄影点。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我会去那些摄影店买两卷胶卷，问十个专业的问题，我每天都去。”A.professional职业的，专业的；B.academic学院的，学术的；C. difficult困难的；D.important重要的。根据后文的“I learned”可知，作者通过这些问题获得了摄影相关的知识，所以问的是专业的问题。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过提问和获取说明，我学到了。A.belief信念；B.expectation预料，期望；C.judgment判断；D.instruction命令，指示。结合上文，作者每天去问十个专业的问题，对方给出相应的指导，从而学会了摄影。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在因眼部疾病完全失明二十多年后，埃克特现在作为一名自学成才的摄影师建立了成功的职业生涯。A.established建立；B.introduced介绍，引见；C. spotted认出；D.ruined毁灭。 由后文的“a successful career as a self-taught photographer now”可知，是建立了成功的职业生涯。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：当他第一次进入摄影世界时，埃克特会带着他的狗保护自己在晚上去短途旅行。A.put up with忍受，容忍； B.stood up for支持，拥护；C.took charge of负责，担任；D.set foot in踏入，涉足于。由横线前的first和后面的“the world of photography”可知，他是第一次接触摄影，即第一次踏进摄影业。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他第一次进入摄影世界时，埃克特会带着他的狗保护自己在晚上去短途旅行。A.protection保护，保卫；B.inspiration灵感，鼓舞；C.promotion晋级，提升；D.attraction 吸引。结合常识，晚上出去旅行不是很安全，带上狗是为了保护自己。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从拍摄雕像开始，不过他很快就找到了更有趣的主题。A.accepted接受；B.invented发明，创造；C.sought寻找；D.checked检查。由后文的“more interesting subject matter”可知，是在拍摄雕像之后不会便找到了更加有趣的主题。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“拍摄雕塑照片并不是很公平，因为艺术已经存在，”他说。A.new新的；B.fair公平的；C.hard困难的；D.easy容易的。根据常识和后文“the art is already there”可知，雕像本身就是一种艺术形式，拍摄他们不能算是自己的艺术，所以拍摄雕像不是很公平。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我正在寻找一种展示失明是什么样子的方式。”A.blindness失明；B.world世界；C.space空间；D.loneliness孤独，寂寞。根据下文“ghostly figures and artfully vague lines”结合作者失明的事实可知，作者想要拍出属于自己风格的艺术，即想展示失明的世界是怎样的。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种新的焦点产生了一种独特的摄影之美——由幽灵般的人物和以前从未有人尝试过的巧妙模糊线条构成图像。A.popular流行的，受欢迎的；B.traditional传统的，惯例的；C.practical实际的，实践的；D.unique唯一的，独特的。根据后“no one had ever tried before”可知，之前从未有人尝试过这种风格，所以它是独一无二的。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种新的焦点产生了一种独特的摄影之美——由幽灵般的人物和以前从未有人尝试过的巧妙模糊线条构成图像。A.accused控告；B.composed组成；C.rid摆脱；D.cleared清除。结合常识，摄影的图像是由人物和线条构成的。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：埃克特图像不是失明的简单暗喻。A.hardly几乎不；B.simply简单地；C.rarely很少地；D.seriously严重地。根据“offering sighted people a clear 　　15　 into his world.”可知，他的作品是有深意的，希望别人也可以看到他眼中的世界，所以不仅仅是失明的一种暗喻。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们中的许多人拍的照片是从字面上代表他的思想所看到的，而他是让视力正常的人清楚地看到他的世界。A.reason原因；B. target目标；C.view视野；D.message信息。 由后面的“his world”可知，他的作品是希望其他视力正常的人也可以从他的视角去看世界。故选C。 第II卷（非选择题55分） 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sichuan hot pots, Nanjing salted duck and Cantonese dim sum are the ____56____(tradition)Chinese foods. Sichuan hot pots are believed ____57____(start)off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters. ____58____(gradual), it ranges from simple delicious dishes by boiling vegetables, chillies and Sichuan peppers in water ____59____multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes. When I tried it, the hot flavour ____60____ (quick) our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. Nanjing’ s most famous food export is salted duck, ____61____ is juicy and salty. ____62____takes several days to prepare each Nanjing salted duck. A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised it, ____63____(say)it was without equal. In Guangzhou, morning tea is ____64____essential part of the daily routine. Today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate _____65_____(customer)appetite with more than a thousand offerings, with each more delicate and delicious. 【答案】56. traditional 57. to have started 58. Gradually 59. to 60. quickened 61. which 62. It 63. saying 64. an 65. customers’ 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的传统美食——四川火锅、南京盐水鸭和广东点心。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：四川火锅、南京盐水鸭和广东点心是中国的传统美食。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词修饰名词，故填traditional。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：四川火锅被认为起源于晚清，当时长江上的船夫们在寒冷潮湿的冬天用它来取暖。设空处在句中作非谓语，sth be believed to do do表示“人们相信……”，且动词start的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，所以应用动词不定式的完成式。故填to have started。 【58题详解】 考查副词。句意：慢慢地，它从简单的蔬菜、辣椒和花椒在水里煮的美味菜肴发展到汤、蔬菜、肉和酱的多种选择，吸引了不同口味的人。设空处在句中作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词的形式。故填Gradually。 【59题详解】 考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定短语from…to…从……到……，故填to。 【60题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：当我试着吃的时候，辣味使我们的谈话在不知不觉中过去，而且笑声不断，使这顿饭成为和朋友们放松的完美方式。设空处在句中作谓语，根据本句“When I tried it,(当我试着吃的时候)”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处应用动词过去式的形式。故填quickened。 【61题详解】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：南京最著名的出口食品是咸水鸭，咸味多汁。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 salted duck，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。 【62题详解】 考查代词。句意：每只南京咸水鸭都需要几天的时间来准备。晚清的一本地方史书称赞它，说它是无与伦比的。固定句型 it takes some time to do sth.意为“花费一段时间做某事”，此处应用it作形式主语。故填It。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语book之间是主动关系，表示伴随。故填saying。 【64题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在广州，早茶是日常生活中必不可少的一部分。此处表示泛指，且essential是以元音音素开头的单词，所以其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【65题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：如今，广州的餐馆以一千多种菜肴刺激着顾客的食欲，每一种都更加精致美味。名词 appetite 前应用名词所有格修饰，且此处表示复数概念。故填customers’。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你在美国友好学校交流期间认识的朋友Smith因为家乡遭遇了飓风，心情低落。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，要点包括： 1.表示关心； 2.介绍同学们可以提供给灾区的帮助； 3.鼓励他振作起来重建家园。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, I was shocked at the news about the hurricane in your hometown. It’s understandable that you sink into sadness. Upon hearing the news, all the students in our school are willing to volunteer to lend a helping hand. We plan to raise some money, which will be put into your bank account. Besides, we intend to collect some basic necessities, such as clothes and tents for the victims. Great damage as the hurricane has caused, I firmly believe things will get better. Cheer up and pick up your courage to restore your family. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以书信的形式向遭受飓风影响的朋友表达关心，介绍同学们可以提供的帮助，并鼓励朋友振作起来重建家园。 【详解】1.词汇积累 震惊的：shocked→astonished 悲伤：sadness→sorrow 受害者：victim→sufferer 重建：restore→rebuild 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I was shocked at the news about the hurricane in your hometown. 拓展句：I was shocked at the news, which told about the hurricane in your hometown. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We plan to raise some money, which will be put into your bank account. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】It’s understandable that you sink into sadness. (运用了It作形式主语，that引导主语从句) 第二节（满分25分）读后续写 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My family moved from Taiwan to a smalltown in central Georgia, where my dad got a visa for his family and a job. I had just learned English, and from what little I could gather from my friends. Santa Claus would come down one’s chimney and put toys in one’s stocking on Christmas Eve! What a great country, I thought. After I looked up “stocking” in my Chinese-English dictionary, I knew what I had to do and always expected that day. Finally, the big day came. On that wonderful night, after everyone went to bed, I sneaked out of bed, took my longest, cleanest knee sock and attached it to a nail already on the mantel (壁炉). Obviously, the previous owners of this house were no strangers to this Santa character. Gazing at the sock and imagining the delicately-packed gift in it, I couldn’t help giggling (咯咯笑). For the first time, I found it hard to fall asleep. And for the first time, I woke up before everyone else in the early morning. Then I headed straight to the fireplace and was even ready for what to say after seeing the gift. However, what happened next was the least thing I wanted to mention. On the nail was the empty and lonely sock. I was hit with the reality of the empty sock and the biggest lie ever told. I tried my best to holdback my tears but failed. Bursting into tears, I quickly took down the sock and stuffed it in the back of a drawer. Every December since then, the topic of Christmas memories would unavoidably come up, and I would amuse my friends with my poor-little-me story. I had to make it as funny as possible, or else I would cry once again. I didn’t know whether any of my audience ever noticed the sparkling tears hidden in my eyes. How could I know that Santa was just late? Nine years ago, on Christmas Eve, I heard a knock on the door when I was watching TV. Unwillingly, I dragged my feet and opened the door. (1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右； (2)如下格式作答。 Outside the door stood an old man with a white beard and a red cap, holding a well-packed box. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Through tear-blurred eyes, I recognized the handwriting on the card. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Outside the door stood an old man with a white beard and a red cap, holding a well-packed box. Wearing a radiant smile, the man reached out his hands, passed the box to me and grinned “Christmas gift for you”. Shocked at the unexpected guest and gift, I was at a loss what to say. The moment he blended into the darkness, I untied the ribbon with heart thumping wildly. Inside the box lay a teddy bear I had longed for with an attached card. Once again, I couldn’t contain my tears. Through tear-blurred eyes, I recognized the handwriting on the card. It was a friend of mine and I later discovered that the man was her father. She was one of the audience of my sad story. The card read: “Sorry, I’m late. Merry Christmas.” I wiped away tears, held the box tightly and felt a surge of warmth. Christmas memories of this year wouldn’t be a bitter joke. Instead, it was a miracle which witnessed a healed heart. So now I believe Santa is real. This Santa doesn’t come down our chimneys, but lives inside good and thoughtful people who really listen to friends, and then plan deliberate acts of kindness. 【解析】 【导语】文章以圣诞节礼物为线索展开，讲述作者小时候希望圣诞老人送给自己礼物，但是没能如愿，所以作者一直处于伤心，失望的状态，并常常把自己没有得到圣诞节礼物的经历讲给朋友听，尽一切努力让这些经历看起来好笑。直到9年前的一个圣诞节，事情似乎有了转机。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①根据第一段首句“门外站着一位白胡子、戴着红色帽子的老人，手里拿着一个包装好的盒子”可知下文可描写作者得到圣诞节礼物的场景和作者的反应。 ②根据第二段首句“透过泪水模糊的眼睛，我认出了卡片上的笔迹”可知，下文可描写作者知道是朋友之一让自己的父亲扮作圣诞老人送来礼物，以及作者经过此事的感悟。 2.续写线索： 圣诞老人在门外——递给我礼物——得到礼物非常开心，不禁流泪——认出卡片上的笔记——得知事情原委——感悟 3.词类激活 行为类 ①伸出手：reach out his hands/extend his hands ②渴望：long for/be longing for/desire/be anxious for ③感到：feel/sense 情绪类 ①震惊的：shocked/astonished ②笑：grin/smile 【点睛】[高分句型1]The moment he blended into the darkness, I untied the ribbon with heart thumping wildly. （运用了the moment引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] Instead, it was a miracle which witnessed a healed heart.（运用了which引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$