精品解析：江苏省常州市第一中学2024-2025学年高一10月测试英语试题

2024-2025江苏省常州市第一中学高一10月测试 一、听力(30分) 略 二、阅读理解(37.5分) A Calling All High School Students Apply to The Daily’s Summer 2023 Journalism Workshop!! Click here for an application form The application deadline has been extended to June 2 at 11:59 pm. Join us for our annual summer eight-week journalism workshop! The program runs from June26 to August 18, 2023. In our program, we’ll teach high schoolers the fundamentals through real-world reporting tasks. Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons. Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills! We have all-new content and guest speakers with fresh and exciting perspectives to bring to the table. It is open to participants of all skill levels — our editors will work with you at whatever pace you’re comfortable with and get you up to speed regardless of your level of experience. Over the course of the eight-week journalism workshop, participants will get hands-on experience in the end-to-end process of news reporting, including:  How to find stories and assess (评估) their newsworthiness  How to identify and interview sources  How to create well-structured, interesting news pieces  How to write breaking news In addition to writing, students will have the opportunity to learn multimedia and digital skills, ultimately gaining exposure to the complete, real, end-to-end experience of working in journalism. 1. What is the purpose of the journalism workshop? A. To expose high schoolers to the real world. B. To bring The Stanford Daily to a larger audience. C. To select potential writers for The Stanford Daily. D. To equip high schoolers with skills of news reporting. 2. What can participants do in the workshop? A. Start up a news writing website. B. Chair weekly meetings of Daily’s editors. C. Assess the work of Daily’s journalists. D. Get personalized guidance from professionals. 3. What is the text? A. An activity schedule. B. An online advertisement. C. A course review. D. An academic article. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是《每日新闻》2023年夏季新闻工作坊的招募广告。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills!(即使你以前和我们一起做过一个项目，你一定会学到新的技能，遇到新的挑战，并提高你的新闻技能！)”可知，新闻研讨会的目的是培养中学生新闻报道技能。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons.(一些作者甚至有机会在《斯坦福日报》的网站上发表他们的作品，因为他们在每周的签到会议和课程中得到《日报》编辑的一对一指导)”可知，参加者可以在工作坊中获得专业人士的个性化指导。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Click here for an application form(按此索取申请表格)”可推知，本文是一篇网上的广告。故选B。 B When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents (口音), most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/ Chinese/ etc." But this kind of response makes me fail to understand the true meaning of accents. Usually, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide deep understandings into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is definitely a part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 4. What does the author think of his/ her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A. It reflects their self-confidence. B. It reflects their language levels. C. It misses the point of communication. D. It misses the real meaning of accents. 5. Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A. To support the use of dialects. B. To show the diversity of dialects. C. To correct a grammatical mistake. D. To highlight a traditional approach. 6. What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A. Learn to speak with your local dialect. B. Seek for an official definition of accents. C. Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D. Distinguish our local languages from others’. 7. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. Everyone Has an Accent B. Accents Weaken Our Uniqueness C. Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D. Standard English Is at Risk 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/ Chinese/ etc." But this kind of response makes me fail to understand the true meaning of accents.(当我跟一些朋友提到我们每个人说话都有口音时，他们中的大多数人都自豪地回答：“哦，我说的是标准的英语或汉语等等。” 但这种回应让我无法理解口音的真正含义。)”可知，作者认为他或她的朋友的回应忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Every person speaks a dialect, too. (每个人也会说一种方言。)”及本段后文“American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different?(以美式英语为母语的人会停顿，这并不意味着新加坡英语口语是 “错误的” 或 “不合语法的”。按照新加坡英语母语者自成体系的语法规则，这个句子结构规范，表意清晰。仅仅因为它与众不同，就该被视为错误吗？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是为了证明使用方言是可以接受的。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide deep understandings into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is definitely a part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.(诸如此类的语言差异能让我们深入了解人们的文化经历和背景。在全球化时代，一个人的说话方式无疑是其身份认同的一部分。大多数人会很乐意谈论自己语言背后的文化。这样一来，我们会更多地了解我们所生活的世界，还能在这个过程中交到朋友。)”可知， 作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! (从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都有！)”以及第三段“Every person speaks a dialect, too. (每个人也会说一种方言。)”可知，作者认为每个人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指出不同的口音可以让我们更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。故A项“Everyone Has an Accent (每个人都有口音)”最能概括本文主旨。故选A。 C We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough: living a hard life, working part time, being a couch potato before getting that major role. Shelby, the star of “A Dog’s Way Home,” has a hard-luck tale that could top them all. Before her big break, she was living in a landfill, rooting through garbage for her next meal. Shelby’s big break came in April 2017, when animal-control officer Megan Buhler was driving in Cheatham County. Tennessee. Out on an unrelated call, Buhler spotted and approached what she recalled was a noticeably scared puppy emerging from the dump. “I knelt down and just said, ‘Oh, come here, baby,’” said Buhler. “She was so scared, but she came right up to me, and I was able to put her in my truck.” The pair headed to the county animal shelter, where the staff began calling the new resident Baby Girl. Buhler and others didn’t know that 3,200 kilometers away, Hollywood was looking for a dog to play Bella in a film written by Cathryn Michon. The find-a-Bella job went to freelance trainer Teresa Ann Miler. Her mission was to search shelters nationwide for a dog that could play Bella. One day, Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo. “Honestly, it was a really good picture, and she was flat-out smiling,” Miller said. Then she met Baby Girl, and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands. After assessment, she adopted Baby Girl from the shelter, renamed her Shelby and took her to California for training. Miller and Shelby trained for just over three months before filming began. Then they were together each day on the set. Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance. Variety made the comments “an amazing dog, perfect performance!” Shelby has come a long way from the dump. But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash. “She’s exactly the same,” Buhler said. 8. Why does the author mention an actor’s struggle before a career breakthrough at the very beginning? A. To make a sharp contrast between an actor’s struggle and a dog’s struggle. B. To introduce a dog’s similar but even more striking experiences. C. To attract reader’s attention by giving dramatic examples. D. To clearly point out the main idea of the passage. 9. What finally helped Baby Girl get the big role in the film? A. Her adoption picture. B. Her flat-out smiling. C. her personality and ability. D. Her miserable experiences. 10. By saying “She is exactly the same” in the last paragraph, Buhler probably means _______. A. the dog returned to the piles of trash where she found it B. it took quite a lot of trouble for the dog to change her own fate. C. she’s really excited to see the dog she helped live such a happy life D. the dramatic change of the dog’s life hasn’t changed her inner quality 11. What do you think may serve as the best title of the passage? A. The Success of “A Dog’s Way Home” B. From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star C. The Trainer and Her Star Dog D. Shelby’s Hard-luck Story 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一只垃圾小狗到成为一名电影明星的引人注目的经历。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough: living a hard life, working part time, being a couch potato before getting that major role. Shelby, the star of “A Dog’s Way Home,” has a hard-luck tale that could top them all. Before her big break, she was living in a landfill, rooting through garbage for her next meal. 我们都听过演员在事业上取得突破之前的挣扎故事：过着艰苦的生活，兼职工作，在得到那个主要角色之前成为一个电视迷。《一条狗的回家之路》中的明星谢尔比有一个倒霉的故事，可能会超过所有人。在她的重大突破之前，她住在垃圾堆里，翻着垃圾寻找下一顿饭。由此可知，作者在一开始就提到了一个演员在事业取得突破之前的挣扎，并介绍了一只狗的类似但更引人注目的经历。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中One day, Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo. “Honestly, it was a really good picture, and she was flat-out smiling,” Miller said. Then she met Baby Girl, and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands.一天，米勒发现了Baby Girl的收养照片。米勒说：“说实话，这张照片拍得很好，她笑得很灿烂。”然后她遇到了Baby Girl，并对她的性格和对简单命令的反应能力进行了评估。由此可知，她的性格和能力最终帮助Baby Girl在电影中获得了重要角色。故选C。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance. Variety made the comments “an amazing dog, perfect performance!”大多数影评都赞扬了谢尔比的表演。Variety评论道：“一只神奇的狗，完美的表演！”和最后一段Shelby has come a long way from the dump. But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash. “She’s exactly the same,”谢尔比从垃圾场一路走来。但布勒说，她最近看到谢尔比只用了一秒钟就把这位电影明星和她在垃圾堆里找到的那条狗做了比较。“她完全一样”。由此可知，通过在最后一段中说“她完全一样”，布勒可能是指狗狗生活的巨大变化并没有改变她的内在品质。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章介绍了一只垃圾小狗到成为一名电影明星的引人注目的经历。所以B项From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star.(从垃圾小狗到电影明星)为最佳标题。故选B。 D Women were less likely than men to support the Vietnam war, the Gulf war, or the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They commit far fewer murders. They are less likely to favor strikes. For some scholars, these are grounds for thinking that a world run by women would be more peaceful. But European history suggests otherwise, according to political scientists Oeindrila Dube and S. P. Harish. They studied how often European rulers went to war between 1480 and 1913, and found that states ruled by queens were 27% more likely to get involved in wars than those ruled by kings. This was not all the queens’ fault: men, seeing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. Frederick the Great of Prussia once declared: ”No woman should ever be allowed to govern anything.“ Shortly after becoming king, he attacked the newly crowned Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, and seized Silesia province. Despite years of war, she never recovered it. But perceived weakness is not the whole story. Queens, the researchers found, were more likely to gain new territory. Catherine the Great expanded her empire by some 200,000 square miles. And married queens were more aggressive than single queens or kings, whether single or married. The authors suggest several reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often served in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives’ states. Second, unlike most kings, queens often gave their husbands a lot of power,putting them in charge of foreign policy or the economy. During the 1740s, Maria Theresa’s husband, Francis I, reformed the Austrian economy and raised money for the armed forces while his wife ruled much of central Europe. Prince Albert was Queen Victoria’s most trusted adviser, shaping her foreign policy until his death in1861. This division of labor, the authors suggest, freed up time for queens to pursue more aggressive policies. The modern era, too, has witnessed female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. The number of countries led by women has more than doubled since 2000, but there is plenty of room for improvement: the current level of 15 represents less than 10 % of the total. A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question. 12. The underlined “perceived weakness” in paragraph 4 means that________. A. women were less likely to support wars B. women could not recover lost territory C. women commit far fewer crimes D. women were soft targets 13. Why were married queens more likely to gain new territory? A. Because their military alliances picked fights for them. B. Because they were ambitious and aggressive by nature. C. Because their husbands were supportive in state governing. D. Because they centralized all power into their own hands. 14. What is the purpose of mentioning the two female leaders in the last paragraph? A. To imply there is room for improvement in gender equality. B. To indicate more females become leaders in modern times. C. To illustrate female leaders cannot prevent wars in modern times. D. To suggest female leaders have their share of wars in modern times. 15. According to the passage, we can safely conclude that________. A. married women are not fit to govern their states on their own B. female leaders should be responsible for all wars throughout history C. the world wouldn’t be more peaceful even if more women took power D. the division of labor allows queens to survive economic crisis 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由女性执政的国家历史上并不比男性执政的国家和平，已婚女王带领的国家其实经历了更多的战争。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“This was not all the queens’ fault: men, seeing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. (这不全是女王的错：男人们把他们视为软目标，倾向于攻击他们)”以及下文可知，男人们将女人看作软柿子，倾向于攻击她们，然后举例证明男人攻击女性执政的国家，而第四段却表示这不是完整的故事，说明划线词应该指代上文男性对女性的轻视，因此画线的句子应该理解为“认为女人是软柿子”。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The authors suggest several reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often served in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives’ states.(作者提出了几个原因。首先，已婚皇后可能已经能够形成更多的军事联盟，使他们有足够的信心挑起战争。他们的丈夫在结婚前经常在军队服役，他们处于有利地位，可以加强祖国和妻子所在州之间的军事联系)”可知，他们的丈夫会帮助其管理国家。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“The modern era, too, has witnessed female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. (现代也见证了战争中的女性领导人：戈尔达·梅尔和赎罪日战争，或者玛格丽特·撒切尔和福克兰群岛)”可知，这里举例是想表明当代的女性领导者也在战争中有参与。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句话“A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question.(一个有更多女性掌权的世界可能会更加平等。是否会更和平是另一个问题)”可知，越来越多女性执政可能世界会更平等，但是是否更和平就是另一回事了，且前面一直介绍历史上和现代女性执政者都参与战争，所以我们可以总结出就算更多女性执政，世界也不会变得更加和平。故选C。 三、七选五(12.5分) When I started my career, I observed people in leadership roles and thought, “They’re so lucky. They have so much control. So imagine my surprise when I took a course in business school on leadership and was told that as you get more senior, you are more dependent on other people. ___16___ They were right. I am dependent on my sales team, not the other way around. ___17___. As a leader, what I can accomplish is not just what I can do myself but what everyone on my team does. Companies in every country operate in ways that are right for their own cultures. ___18___ One of those is that it is better to inspire than to direct. Yes, people will do what their bosses tell them to do in most organizations. But great leaders do not just want to secure compliance (顺从). They want to elicit genuine enthusiasm, complete trust, and real dedication. ___19___. If they believe in your organization’s mission and they believe in you, they will not only do their daily tasks well, but they will do them with true passion.. No one won more hearts than my beloved husband Dave Goldberg who passed away suddenly two months ago. Dave was an inspiring leader. He was kind. He was generous. He was thoughtful. ___20___. He did it as CEO of SurveyMonkey, an amazing company that he helped build. He did it for me and for our children. Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence. Like Dave, you can do this for others over the course of your career. A. If they fall short, it is my mistake. B. At the time, I thought my professors were wrong. C. He raised the level of performance of everyone around him. D. They don’t just win the minds of their teams, they win their hearts. E. But I believe there are some principles of leadership that are universal. F. And different cultures shape different company principles to boost production. G. Our friend Bill Gurley wrote a post where he urged others to “Be Like Dave.” 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是领导者的领导才能。 【16题详解】 空前说“So imagine my surprise when I took a course in business school on leadership and was told that as you get more senior, you are more dependent on other people.(所以，想象一下，当我在商学院上了一门领导力课程，被告知职位越高，就越依赖他人时，我有多惊讶。)”，空后说“They were right.(他们是对的。)”，这说明作者怀疑过教授的说法，B选项“At the time, I thought my professors were wrong.(当时，我认为我的教授们错了。)”表达了作者对教授们的怀疑，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 【17题详解】 空前说“I am dependent on my sales team, not the other way around.(我依赖我的销售团队，而不是销售团队依赖我。)”，空后说“As a leader, what I can accomplish is not just what I can do myself but what everyone on my team does.(作为一名领导者，我能做到的不仅仅是我自己能做到的，还有我的团队中的每个人都能做到的。)”，说明作者对团队的依赖关系，A选项“If they fall short, it is my mistake.(如果他们达不到要求，那是我的错。)”说明了作者对团队负责，阐明了和团队的关系，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 空前说“Companies in every country operate in ways that are right for their own cultures.(每个国家的公司都有适合自己文化的经营方式。)”，空后说“One of those is that it is better to inspire than to direct.(其中之一是，激励比指挥更好。)”，说明虽然每个公司的经营方式可能不同，但是有的经营方式是一样的，E选项“But I believe there are some principles of leadership that are universal.(但我相信有些领导原则是普遍适用的。)”说明了有的原则是一样的，和后文举的其中一个例子相一致，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 空前说“But great leaders do not just want to secure compliance (顺从). They want to elicit genuine enthusiasm, complete trust, and real dedication.(伟大的领导者不只是想确保服从。他们想要的是真正的热情，完全的信任和真正的奉献。)”，说明的是伟大的领导者的做法，空后说“If they believe in your organization’s mission and they believe in you, they will not only do their daily tasks well, but they will do them with true passion.(如果他们相信你的组织的使命，他们相信你，他们不仅会做好他们的日常工作，而且会带着真正的激情去做。)”，说明的也是伟大的领导者的做法，因此空格处也应该是关于这些领导者的做法的，D选项“They don’t just win the minds of their teams, they win their hearts.(他们不仅赢得了球队的思想，还赢得了他们的心。)”中的They和空前空后的they相一致，也说明的是伟大的领导者的做法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 空前说“Dave was an inspiring leader. He was kind. He was generous. He was thoughtful.(戴夫是一位鼓舞人心的领导者。他很善良。他很慷慨。他是深思熟虑的。)”，是对Dave的描述，空后“He did it as CEO of SurveyMonkey, an amazing company that he helped build.(他是作为SurveyMonkey的首席执行官成功的，这是他帮助创建的一家了不起的公司。)”也是对Dave的描述，因此空格处也应该描述Dave，C选项“He raised the level of performance of everyone around him.(他提高了周围每个人的表现水平。)”中的he和空前空后的he相一致，也是对Dave的描述，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 四、完型(30分) There have been times over the years when I have tried to leave Hailsham behind, when I have told myself I shouldn’t look back so much. But then there came a point when I just stopped resisting (反抗). It had to do with this particular donor (器官捐献者) I had once, in my third year as a carer, it was his ___21___ when I mentioned I was from Hailsham. He had just ___22___ his third donation, it hadn’t gone well, and he must have known that he wasn’t going to ___23___. He could hardly breathe (呼吸), but he looked towards me and said: “Hailsham. I bet that was a (an) ___24___ place.” Then the next morning, when I was making conversation to keep his ___25___ off it all, and I asked ___26___ he had grown up, he mentioned some place in Dorset and his face went into a completely new kind of grimace (痛苦的表情). And I realized then how ___27___ he didn’t want to be reminded. ___28___, he wanted to hear about, Hailsham. So over the next five or six days, I told him whatever he wanted to know, and he’d lie there, all ___29___, a gentile smile breaking through. He’d ask me about the big things and the little things. About our guardians (看护人), about the football, the little path, the duck pond, the food, the view from the Art room over the fields on a foggy morning. Sometimes he’d make me say things ____30____; things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d ____31____ told him. “Did you have a pond?” “Which guardian (守门员) was your special favorite?” At first I thought this was just the drugs, but then I realized his mind was ____32____ enough. What he wanted was not just to ____33____ Hailsham, but to remember Hailsham, just like it had been his own childhood. He knew he was ____34____ to death and so that’s what he was doing: getting me to describe things to him, so they’d really sink in, so that maybe during those sleepless nights, with the drugs and the pain, the line would blur (变得模糊) between what were my ____35____ and what were his. 21. A. impression B. suggestion C. reaction D. recommendation 22. A. gone through B. come up with C. come across D. come down 23. A. get it B. mean it C. take it D. make it 24. A. unbearable B. ordinary C. beautiful D. orderly 25. A. hands B. mind C. eyes D. control 26. A. when B. where C. how D. whether 27. A. slightly B. hesitantly C. admittedly D. desperately 28. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. Therefore 29. A. interested B. shocked C. confused D. depressed 30. A. once and for all B. up and down C. over and over D. in no time 31. A. always B. never C. ever D. usually 32. A. clear B. simple C. peaceful D. absent 33. A. refer to B. hear about C. live in D. think of 34. A. far B. shocked C. close D. bored 35. A. descriptions B. imaginations C. ideas D. memories 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并不愿意提到自己的家乡，但为了安慰一位病人，反复向他讲述家乡的故事，给对方带来了情感上的安慰。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与我作为护理人员的第三年有过一次特别的器官捐献者有关，当我提到我来自黑尔舍姆时，他的反应就是这样。A. impression印象；B. suggestion建议；C. reaction反应；D. recommendation推荐。根据下文“Hailsham. I bet that was a (an) ___4__ place.”可知，当我提到我来自黑尔舍姆时，他认为那是一个美丽的地方，由此可知，句中指他对我的话做出了反应。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他刚刚经历了第三次捐献，但进展并不顺利，他一定知道自己不会成功。A. gone through经历；B. come up with提出；C. come across偶然遇见；D. come down下降。根据句中“it hadn’t gone well”可知，器官捐献并不顺利，由此可知，他刚刚经历了第三次捐献，但进展并不顺利。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他刚刚经历了第三次捐献，但进展并不顺利，他一定知道自己不会成功。A. get it明白了；B. mean it言出必行；C. take it相信，接受它；D. make it成功。根据句中“it hadn’t gone well”可知，器官捐献并不顺利，由此可知，他知道自己不会成功。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他几乎无法呼吸，但他看着我说：“黑尔舍姆。我打赌那是一个美丽的地方。”A. unbearable难以忍受的；B. ordinary普通的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. orderly有秩序的。根据下文“he wanted to hear about, Hailsham.”可知，他想了解黑尔舍姆，由此可知，他喜欢黑尔舍姆，认为那是一个美丽的地方。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后第二天早上，当我和他谈话时，想让他的心思远离捐献失败的事，我问他在哪里长大，他提到了多塞特郡的某个地方，他的脸上露出了一种全新的痛苦的表情。A. hands手；B. mind心思；C. eyes眼睛；D. control控制。根据句中“I was making conversation”可知，我和他谈话的目的是分散他的注意力，让他的心思远离捐献失败的事，由此可知，我想让他的心思远离捐献失败的事。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：然后第二天早上，当我和他谈话时，想让他的心思远离捐献失败的事，我问他在哪里长大，他提到了多塞特郡的某个地方，他的脸上露出了一种全新的痛苦的表情。A. when何时；B. where在哪里；C. how怎样；D. whether是否。根据句中“he mentioned some place in Dorset”可知，他提到了多塞特郡的某个地方，由此可知，我问的是他在哪里长大，应用连接词“where”引导宾语从句。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到他多么不想被提醒。A. slightly轻微地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. admittedly诚然；D. desperately极度地。根据上文“his face went into a completely new kind of grimace”可知，当我问及他在哪里长大时，他很痛苦，由此可知，他极度不想被提醒出生地。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他想听听黑尔舍姆的事。A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. Moreover此外；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“his face went into a completely new kind of grimace”和句中“he wanted to hear about, Hailsham”可知，上下文形成对比，提到出生地他很痛苦，相反，他想听听黑尔舍姆的事。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以在接下来的五六天里，我告诉了他想知道的一切，他躺在那里，都很感兴趣，露出了温柔的笑容。A. interested感兴趣的；B. shocked震惊的；C. confused困惑的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据句中“a gentile smile breaking through”可知，听我讲述黑尔舍姆的事，他露出了温柔的笑容，由此可知，他对我说的事都很感兴趣。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：有时他会让我反反复复地说；我前一天告诉他的事情，他会像我从未告诉过他一样问。A. once and for all彻底地；B. up and down上上下下；C. over and over反反复复；D. in no time立刻。根据句中“things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d __11___ told him”可知，我告诉过他的事情，他还会再问我一遍，由此可知，他会让我反反复复地说。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时他会让我反反复复地说；我前一天告诉他的事情，他会像我从未告诉过他一样问。A. always总是；B. never从未；C. ever曾经；D. usually通常。根据句中“Sometimes he’d make me say things ___10__”可知，他会让我反反复复地说一件事，由此可知，我前一天告诉他的事情，他会像我从未告诉过他一样问。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初我以为这只是药物作用，但后来我意识到他的头脑已经足够清醒了。A. clear头脑清醒的；B. simple简单的；C. peaceful和平的；D. absent缺席的。根据句中转折连词“but”可知，上下文为转折关系，他问这些问题是因为他的头脑已经足够清醒了，而不是药物作用。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他想要的不仅仅是听黑尔舍姆的故事，而是记住黑尔舍姆，就像他自己的童年一样。A. refer to提到，查阅；B. hear about听到关于；C. live in住在（某地）；D. think of思考，想起。根据上文“He’d ask me about the big things and the little things.”可知，他会问我黑尔舍姆地大事和小事，由此可知，他想要的听到关于黑尔舍姆的故事。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道自己快要死了，所以这就是他所做的：让我向他描述事情，这样事情就会真正被理解，这样也许在那些无眠的夜晚，在药物和痛苦的陪伴下，我的记忆和他的记忆之间的界限会模糊。A. far远的；B. shocked震惊的；C. close接近的；D. bored无聊的。根据上文“He had just ___2__ his third donation, it hadn’t gone well”可知，器官捐献手术失败了，由此可知，他知道自己快要死了，离死亡很接近。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道自己快要死了，所以这就是他所做的：让我向他描述事情，这样事情就会真正被理解，这样也许在那些无眠的夜晚，在药物和痛苦的陪伴下，我的记忆和他的记忆之间的界限会模糊。A. descriptions描述；B. imaginations想象；C. ideas想法；D. memories记忆。根据句中“getting me to describe things to him”可知，他让我向他描述我家乡的事情，是为了模糊我的记忆和他的记忆，以此获得情感上的安慰。故选D项。 五、语法填空(15分) 语法填空 As a child, I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others. I still remember it was an early autumn. Some _____36_____ (leaf) started to tum yellow and the weather become cool. One day, as I was getting ready for school, my mother carefully handed me my father’s vest (背心) instead of mine. At that time, I was getting to have a _____37_____ (large) size than my father, so when I put on the vest, I felt as if I wasn’t able to breathe! I realized that it was a small mistake which _____38_____ (make) by my mother, but somehow the ____39____ (breath) feeling was so strong ____40____ it made me very angry. My mother said sorry with a smile, but I shouted _____41_____ her without thinking much. I got it of my body wildly so that I made a hole in it. I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house ____42____ my mother could stop me. Later, my mother shared her bad feelings with my father, “See what your son has done.” Instead of saying he would scold (责备) or beat me, my father quietly asked my mother to mend the vest. Later when my mother told me about my father’s _____43_____ (respond), I felt ashamed (惭愧的) of my bad behavior. My father’s gentle kindness taught me a lesson _____44_____ I would never forget. On that day, I decided not to let anger control me any longer. Of course, there are times when I am angry. However, whenever that happens, I will try to remember my father’s vest. It always reminds me _____45_____ (think) about others’ feelings when I get angry. 【答案】36. leaves 37. larger 38. was made 39. breathless 40. that 41. at 42. before 43. response 44. which##that 45. to think 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的经历，表明情绪管理的重要性及父亲言行对作者的教育和启发。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：一些树叶开始变黄，天气变得凉爽。此处为名词作主语，leaf意为“树叶”为可数名词，空前有some修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填leaves。 【37题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：那个时候，我的尺寸比我爸爸的大了，所以当我穿上背心的时候，我觉得好像不能呼吸了！此处为形容词作定语修饰名词size，结合空后的than可知，此处使用large的比较级。故填larger。 【38题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：我意识到这是我母亲犯的一个小错误，但不知何故，这种令人窒息的感觉是如此强烈，以至于使我非常生气。此处为定语从句中的谓语动词，根据句意以及主句的谓语动词was可知，此处应为一般过去时态，make与主语which指代的先行词mistake之间为被动关系，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was made。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我意识到这是我母亲犯的一个小错误，但不知何故，这种令人窒息的感觉是如此强烈，以至于使我非常生气。此处为形容词作定语修饰feeling，结合句意，breath的形容词breathless意为“令人窒息的”符合句意。故填breathless。 【40题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：我意识到这是我母亲犯的一个小错误，但不知何故，这种令人窒息的感觉是如此强烈，以致于使我非常生气。此处为固定句型“so…that…”结构，意为“如此……以致于……”其中that引导的结果状语从句。故填that。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：妈妈笑着说对不起，我却不假思索地对她大喊大叫。此处为固定短语shout at意为“对……大喊”符合句意，所以此处使用介词at。故填at。 【42题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：穿上自己的背心，在妈妈阻止我之前冲出了房子。此处为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“在……之前”符合句意，所以此处为before引导的时间状语从句。故填before。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：后来，当母亲告诉我父亲的反应时，我为自己的不良行为感到羞愧。此处为名词作宾语，respond的名词为response意为“反应”符合句意。故填response。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：父亲的温柔慈祥给了我一个我永远不会忘记的教训。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，从句中缺少forget的宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词lesson指的是事情，所以使用which或者that。故填which/that。 【45题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：当我生气的时候，它总是提醒我想想别人的感受。此处为非谓语动词作宾补，根据remind sb. to do sth.意为“提醒某人做某事”可知，此处应为动词不定式形式作宾补。故填to think。 六、用单词的正确形式填空(10分) 46. _____________ (争吵) are unavoidable when different opinions are exchanged. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Arguments##Quarrels 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当交换不同意见时，争论是不可避免的。此处为名词作主语，根据提示的汉语，表示“争吵”应为argument/quarrel，结合谓语动词are可知，此处应为名词复数，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Arguments/Quarrels。 47. She was taken to a hospital suffering from an ________(不规律) heartbeat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】irregular 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她因心律不齐被送往医院。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用形容词irregular作定语，意为“不规律的”；irregular heartbeat“心律不齐”。故填irregular。 48. We will make greater ___________ (贡献) to world peace through our own development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contributions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们将通过自身发展为世界和平做出更大贡献。本空用名词contribution“贡献”，make contributions to“对……有贡献”，是固定短语，故本空应用复数形式，作will make的宾语。故填contributions。 49. Do you believe in __________ (平等) between men and women? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】equality 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你相信男女之间的平等吗？本空用名词equality“平等”，作believe in的宾语，故填equality。 50. A___________________ (平衡) diet contains lots of fruit and green vegetables. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】balanced 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：平衡的饮食包括大量的水果和绿色蔬菜。句中diet意为“日常饮食”，名词词性，前面应用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示“平衡”可知，空格处应用balanced，意为“平衡的”，形容词词性，作定语修饰diet。故填balanced。 51. Some patients in hospital experience high levels of ___________ (焦虑). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】anxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一些住院病人会经历高度焦虑。此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“焦虑”应为anxiety，且为不可数名词。故填anxiety。 52. For most of us, college is a golden time for the ___________ (获取) of knowledge and skills. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】acquisition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对我们大多数人来说，大学是获得知识和技能的黄金时期。此处为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“获取”为acquisition，且为不可数名词。故填acquisition。 53. ___________ (灵活性) is a big advantage of this kind of work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Flexibility 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：灵活性是这类工作的一大优势。此处为名词作主语，根据提示的汉语，表示“灵活性”应为flexibility，且为不可数名词，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Flexibility。 54. Our Middle school students has been ___________ (被动地) accepting knowledge for a long time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】passively 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：长期以来，我国中学生被动接受知识。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为副词passively“被动地”作状语修饰动词has been accepting，满足句意要求。故填passively。 55. We see the power of perseverance from the successful people who have ________(坚持) to their dreams for a long time. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】stuck 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：我们从那些长期坚持梦想的成功人士身上看到了毅力的力量。由to their dreams可知，空格处的“坚持”是固定短语stick to，由前面的have可知，句子时态是现在完成时，即have done，因此空格处是过去分词stuck，故填stuck。 七、写作(15分) 56. 假如你是校英文报Problem & Advice栏目的编辑，收到一个学生的求助信，信中他说近期学习效率低，与父母关系很紧张，请你回信给予建议。内容包括： 1. 表示理解和安慰； 2. 给出建议； 3. 表达祝愿； 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头结尾已给出。 Dear Worried Friend, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Loving Editor 【答案】Dear Worried Friend, I understand that you are going through a tough time. It’s normal to face some challenges in both studies and family relationships. Here are some tips that may help you. Firstly, create a study plan and stick to it. Organize your time and prioritize your tasks. Secondly, communicate more with your parents. Try to understand their perspective and listen to their concerns. Finally, take care of yourself. Get enough sleep, eat healthy foods and exercise. I hope these suggestions are helpful and wish you the best of luck in overcoming your challenges. Remember, seeking help is never a sign of weakness but rather a step towards positive change. Best regards, Loving Editor 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是校英文报Problem & Advice栏目的编辑，收到一个学生的求助信，信中他说近期学习效率低，与父母关系很紧张，请你回信给予建议，表示理解和安慰，并给出建议和表达祝愿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 困难的：tough → difficult/hard 建议：tip → proposal/suggestion 任务：task → assignment 担心：concern → worry 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Secondly, communicate more with your parents. Try to understand their perspective and listen to their concerns. 拓展句：Secondly, communicate more with your parents so that you can understand their perspective and listen to their concerns. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Here are some tips that may help you. (运用了关系代词that引导的定语从句和倒装句型) [高分句型2] I hope these suggestions are helpful and wish you the best of luck in overcoming your challenges. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025江苏省常州市第一中学高一10月测试 一、听力(30分) 略 二、阅读理解(37.5分) A Calling All High School Students Apply to The Daily’s Summer 2023 Journalism Workshop!! Click here for an application form The application deadline has been extended to June 2 at 11:59 pm. Join us for our annual summer eight-week journalism workshop! The program runs from June26 to August 18, 2023. In our program, we’ll teach high schoolers the fundamentals through real-world reporting tasks. Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons. Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills! We have all-new content and guest speakers with fresh and exciting perspectives to bring to the table. It is open to participants of all skill levels — our editors will work with you at whatever pace you’re comfortable with and get you up to speed regardless of your level of experience. Over the course of the eight-week journalism workshop, participants will get hands-on experience in the end-to-end process of news reporting, including:  How to find stories and assess (评估) their newsworthiness  How to identify and interview sources  How to create well-structured, interesting news pieces  How to write breaking news In addition to writing, students will have the opportunity to learn multimedia and digital skills, ultimately gaining exposure to the complete, real, end-to-end experience of working in journalism. 1. What is the purpose of the journalism workshop? A. To expose high schoolers to the real world. B. To bring The Stanford Daily to a larger audience. C. To select potential writers for The Stanford Daily. D. To equip high schoolers with skills of news reporting. 2. What can participants do in the workshop? A. Start up a news writing website. B. Chair weekly meetings of Daily’s editors. C. Assess the work of Daily’s journalists. D. Get personalized guidance from professionals. 3. What is the text? A. An activity schedule. B. An online advertisement. C. A course review. D. An academic article. B When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents (口音), most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/ Chinese/ etc." But this kind of response makes me fail to understand the true meaning of accents. Usually, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide deep understandings into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is definitely a part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 4. What does the author think of his/ her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A. It reflects their self-confidence. B. It reflects their language levels. C. It misses the point of communication. D. It misses the real meaning of accents. 5. Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A. To support the use of dialects. B. To show the diversity of dialects. C. To correct a grammatical mistake. D. To highlight a traditional approach. 6. What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A. Learn to speak with your local dialect. B. Seek for an official definition of accents. C. Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D. Distinguish our local languages from others’. 7. What can be a suitable title for this passage? A. Everyone Has an Accent B. Accents Weaken Our Uniqueness C. Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D. Standard English Is at Risk C We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough: living a hard life, working part time, being a couch potato before getting that major role. Shelby, the star of “A Dog’s Way Home,” has a hard-luck tale that could top them all. Before her big break, she was living in a landfill, rooting through garbage for her next meal. Shelby’s big break came in April 2017, when animal-control officer Megan Buhler was driving in Cheatham County. Tennessee. Out on an unrelated call, Buhler spotted and approached what she recalled was a noticeably scared puppy emerging from the dump. “I knelt down and just said, ‘Oh, come here, baby,’” said Buhler. “She was so scared, but she came right up to me, and I was able to put her in my truck.” The pair headed to the county animal shelter, where the staff began calling the new resident Baby Girl. Buhler and others didn’t know that 3,200 kilometers away, Hollywood was looking for a dog to play Bella in a film written by Cathryn Michon. The find-a-Bella job went to freelance trainer Teresa Ann Miler. Her mission was to search shelters nationwide for a dog that could play Bella. One day, Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo. “Honestly, it was a really good picture, and she was flat-out smiling,” Miller said. Then she met Baby Girl, and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands. After assessment, she adopted Baby Girl from the shelter, renamed her Shelby and took her to California for training. Miller and Shelby trained for just over three months before filming began. Then they were together each day on the set. Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance. Variety made the comments “an amazing dog, perfect performance!” Shelby has come a long way from the dump. But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash. “She’s exactly the same,” Buhler said. 8. Why does the author mention an actor’s struggle before a career breakthrough at the very beginning? A. To make a sharp contrast between an actor’s struggle and a dog’s struggle. B. To introduce a dog’s similar but even more striking experiences. C. To attract reader’s attention by giving dramatic examples. D. To clearly point out the main idea of the passage. 9. What finally helped Baby Girl get the big role in the film? A. Her adoption picture. B. Her flat-out smiling. C. her personality and ability. D. Her miserable experiences. 10. By saying “She is exactly the same” in the last paragraph, Buhler probably means _______. A. the dog returned to the piles of trash where she found it B. it took quite a lot of trouble for the dog to change her own fate. C. she’s really excited to see the dog she helped live such a happy life D. the dramatic change of the dog’s life hasn’t changed her inner quality 11. What do you think may serve as the best title of the passage? A. The Success of “A Dog’s Way Home” B. From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star C. The Trainer and Her Star Dog D. Shelby’s Hard-luck Story D Women were less likely than men to support the Vietnam war, the Gulf war, or the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They commit far fewer murders. They are less likely to favor strikes. For some scholars, these are grounds for thinking that a world run by women would be more peaceful. But European history suggests otherwise, according to political scientists Oeindrila Dube and S. P. Harish. They studied how often European rulers went to war between 1480 and 1913, and found that states ruled by queens were 27% more likely to get involved in wars than those ruled by kings. This was not all the queens’ fault: men, seeing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. Frederick the Great of Prussia once declared: ”No woman should ever be allowed to govern anything.“ Shortly after becoming king, he attacked the newly crowned Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, and seized Silesia province. Despite years of war, she never recovered it. But perceived weakness is not the whole story. Queens, the researchers found, were more likely to gain new territory. Catherine the Great expanded her empire by some 200,000 square miles. And married queens were more aggressive than single queens or kings, whether single or married. The authors suggest several reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often served in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives’ states. Second, unlike most kings, queens often gave their husbands a lot of power,putting them in charge of foreign policy or the economy. During the 1740s, Maria Theresa’s husband, Francis I, reformed the Austrian economy and raised money for the armed forces while his wife ruled much of central Europe. Prince Albert was Queen Victoria’s most trusted adviser, shaping her foreign policy until his death in1861. This division of labor, the authors suggest, freed up time for queens to pursue more aggressive policies. The modern era, too, has witnessed female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. The number of countries led by women has more than doubled since 2000, but there is plenty of room for improvement: the current level of 15 represents less than 10 % of the total. A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question. 12. The underlined “perceived weakness” in paragraph 4 means that________. A. women were less likely to support wars B. women could not recover lost territory C. women commit far fewer crimes D. women were soft targets 13. Why were married queens more likely to gain new territory? A. Because their military alliances picked fights for them. B. Because they were ambitious and aggressive by nature. C. Because their husbands were supportive in state governing. D. Because they centralized all power into their own hands. 14. What is the purpose of mentioning the two female leaders in the last paragraph? A. To imply there is room for improvement in gender equality. B. To indicate more females become leaders in modern times. C. To illustrate female leaders cannot prevent wars in modern times. D. To suggest female leaders have their share of wars in modern times. 15. According to the passage, we can safely conclude that________. A. married women are not fit to govern their states on their own B. female leaders should be responsible for all wars throughout history C. the world wouldn’t be more peaceful even if more women took power D. the division of labor allows queens to survive economic crisis 三、七选五(12.5分) When I started my career, I observed people in leadership roles and thought, “They’re so lucky. They have so much control. So imagine my surprise when I took a course in business school on leadership and was told that as you get more senior, you are more dependent on other people. ___16___ They were right. I am dependent on my sales team, not the other way around. ___17___. As a leader, what I can accomplish is not just what I can do myself but what everyone on my team does. Companies in every country operate in ways that are right for their own cultures. ___18___ One of those is that it is better to inspire than to direct. Yes, people will do what their bosses tell them to do in most organizations. But great leaders do not just want to secure compliance (顺从). They want to elicit genuine enthusiasm, complete trust, and real dedication. ___19___. If they believe in your organization’s mission and they believe in you, they will not only do their daily tasks well, but they will do them with true passion.. No one won more hearts than my beloved husband Dave Goldberg who passed away suddenly two months ago. Dave was an inspiring leader. He was kind. He was generous. He was thoughtful. ___20___. He did it as CEO of SurveyMonkey, an amazing company that he helped build. He did it for me and for our children. Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence. Like Dave, you can do this for others over the course of your career. A. If they fall short, it is my mistake. B. At the time, I thought my professors were wrong. C. He raised the level of performance of everyone around him. D. They don’t just win the minds of their teams, they win their hearts. E. But I believe there are some principles of leadership that are universal. F. And different cultures shape different company principles to boost production. G. Our friend Bill Gurley wrote a post where he urged others to “Be Like Dave.” 四、完型(30分) There have been times over the years when I have tried to leave Hailsham behind, when I have told myself I shouldn’t look back so much. But then there came a point when I just stopped resisting (反抗). It had to do with this particular donor (器官捐献者) I had once, in my third year as a carer, it was his ___21___ when I mentioned I was from Hailsham. He had just ___22___ his third donation, it hadn’t gone well, and he must have known that he wasn’t going to ___23___. He could hardly breathe (呼吸), but he looked towards me and said: “Hailsham. I bet that was a (an) ___24___ place.” Then the next morning, when I was making conversation to keep his ___25___ off it all, and I asked ___26___ he had grown up, he mentioned some place in Dorset and his face went into a completely new kind of grimace (痛苦的表情). And I realized then how ___27___ he didn’t want to be reminded. ___28___, he wanted to hear about, Hailsham. So over the next five or six days, I told him whatever he wanted to know, and he’d lie there, all ___29___, a gentile smile breaking through. He’d ask me about the big things and the little things. About our guardians (看护人), about the football, the little path, the duck pond, the food, the view from the Art room over the fields on a foggy morning. Sometimes he’d make me say things ____30____; things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d ____31____ told him. “Did you have a pond?” “Which guardian (守门员) was your special favorite?” At first I thought this was just the drugs, but then I realized his mind was ____32____ enough. What he wanted was not just to ____33____ Hailsham, but to remember Hailsham, just like it had been his own childhood. He knew he was ____34____ to death and so that’s what he was doing: getting me to describe things to him, so they’d really sink in, so that maybe during those sleepless nights, with the drugs and the pain, the line would blur (变得模糊) between what were my ____35____ and what were his. 21. A. impression B. suggestion C. reaction D. recommendation 22. A. gone through B. come up with C. come across D. come down 23. A. get it B. mean it C. take it D. make it 24. A. unbearable B. ordinary C. beautiful D. orderly 25. A. hands B. mind C. eyes D. control 26. A. when B. where C. how D. whether 27. A. slightly B. hesitantly C. admittedly D. desperately 28. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. Therefore 29. A. interested B. shocked C. confused D. depressed 30. A. once and for all B. up and down C. over and over D. in no time 31. A. always B. never C. ever D. usually 32. A. clear B. simple C. peaceful D. absent 33. A. refer to B. hear about C. live in D. think of 34. A. far B. shocked C. close D. bored 35. A. descriptions B. imaginations C. ideas D. memories 五、语法填空(15分) 语法填空 As a child, I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others. I still remember it was an early autumn. Some _____36_____ (leaf) started to tum yellow and the weather become cool. One day, as I was getting ready for school, my mother carefully handed me my father’s vest (背心) instead of mine. At that time, I was getting to have a _____37_____ (large) size than my father, so when I put on the vest, I felt as if I wasn’t able to breathe! I realized that it was a small mistake which _____38_____ (make) by my mother, but somehow the ____39____ (breath) feeling was so strong ____40____ it made me very angry. My mother said sorry with a smile, but I shouted _____41_____ her without thinking much. I got it of my body wildly so that I made a hole in it. I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house ____42____ my mother could stop me. Later, my mother shared her bad feelings with my father, “See what your son has done.” Instead of saying he would scold (责备) or beat me, my father quietly asked my mother to mend the vest. Later when my mother told me about my father’s _____43_____ (respond), I felt ashamed (惭愧的) of my bad behavior. My father’s gentle kindness taught me a lesson _____44_____ I would never forget. On that day, I decided not to let anger control me any longer. Of course, there are times when I am angry. However, whenever that happens, I will try to remember my father’s vest. It always reminds me _____45_____ (think) about others’ feelings when I get angry. 六、用单词的正确形式填空(10分) 46. _____________ (争吵) are unavoidable when different opinions are exchanged. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. She was taken to a hospital suffering from an ________(不规律) heartbeat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. We will make greater ___________ (贡献) to world peace through our own development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Do you believe in __________ (平等) between men and women? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. A___________________ (平衡) diet contains lots of fruit and green vegetables. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. Some patients in hospital experience high levels of ___________ (焦虑). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. For most of us, college is a golden time for the ___________ (获取) of knowledge and skills. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. ___________ (灵活性) is a big advantage of this kind of work. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Our Middle school students has been ___________ (被动地) accepting knowledge for a long time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. We see the power of perseverance from the successful people who have ________(坚持) to their dreams for a long time. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 七、写作(15分) 56. 假如你是校英文报Problem & Advice栏目的编辑，收到一个学生的求助信，信中他说近期学习效率低，与父母关系很紧张，请你回信给予建议。内容包括： 1. 表示理解和安慰； 2. 给出建议； 3. 表达祝愿； 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头结尾已给出。 Dear Worried Friend, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Loving Editor 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $