Unit 1 Laugh out loud! Using language 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 Laugh out loud! Using language Revision 1.看起来像 2.戴上/取下假发 3.浏览杂志 4.穿过一道道门进入候诊区 5.值班护士 6.将某人匆忙送往医院 7.从自行车上掉下来 8. 在痛苦中 9. 受过专门培训的小丑 10. 当...作为.. 11.去医院 12.为......而设 13.使...高兴起来 14.变魔术 15.讲故事 16.feel like doing 17.与...密切合作 18.keep us___(update)on... 19.do the trick 20.集中注意力在... 21.in turn 22.微笑 23.I___(注意到,看到)a small girl____ ankle is twice its normal size. 24.虽然医生和护士会治疗她的伤,但是让她感觉好一些是我的工作。 1.看起来像look like 2.戴上/取下假发put on/take off the wig 3.浏览杂志look through magazines 4.穿过一道道门进入候诊区 walk through the doors into the waiting area 5.值班护士the on-duty nurse 6.将某人匆忙送往医院rush/hurry sb to the hospital 7.从自行车上掉下来 fall off the bike 8. 在痛苦中 in pain 9. 受过专门培训的小丑specially trained clowns 10. 当...作为..work/act/serve as 11.去医院 go to hospital 12.为......而设be designed for 13.使...高兴起来cheer up 14.变魔术do magic tricks 15.讲故事 tell a story 16.feel like doing喜欢做某事 17.与...密切合作work closely with 18.keep us_updated__(update)on... 19.do the trick 奏效，起作用 20.集中注意力在...concentrate on 21.in turn 反过来 22.微笑 wear a smile 23.I_spot__(注意到,看到)a small girl_whose___ ankle is twice its normal size. 24.虽然医生和护士会治疗她的伤,但是让她感觉好一些是我的工作. Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it's my job to make her feel better. Grammar Non-defining attributive clauses(非限制性定语从句) Activity 1(on P5) a. I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. b. ... laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. c. I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened... 1.What do “where”, “which”,and “when” refer to in each sentence? 2.Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information ? If you take away the clauses, do the sentence still make sense? ___________________ ______________________________________________________________ _______ _________ 讲得通,有道理,有意义,合乎情理 非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句vs非限制性定语从句 1）形式和功能不同 限制性定语从句: 对先行词起修饰、限定作用， 如果把从句去掉，就会造成句意发生变化，甚至不能成立。 非限制性定语从句: 对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句往往用逗号隔开，相当于并列分句、状语从句等, 把从句省略掉, 对句意没有太大影响。 a. My sister who works in Shanghai sends me an email almost every day.（既然需要限定, 说明我的姐姐很多，除了在上海工作的姐姐，还有其他姐姐, 删去从句后表意不明。） b. My sister, who works in Shanghai, sends me an email almost every day.（既然不需要限定, 说明我只有一个姐姐, 删去从句后句意依然明确。) 2）翻译不同 翻译时，一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词前，而把非限制性定语从句与主句分开翻译。 我在上海工作的姐姐几乎每天都给我发电子邮件。 我姐姐在上海工作，几乎每天都给我发电子邮件。 3)先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词常常是名词、代词；非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或整个句子。 a. Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. b. They rely on themselves, which is much better. 句型转换 ①That is his father, and he works in Shanghai. That is his father, ______ works in Shanghai. ②I like the boy , who is very lovely. I like the boy , _______ he is very lovely. ③He told me a story yesterday, and I thought it was very intreresting. He told me a story yesterday, _______I thought was very intreresting. who and which 2.非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 1) 关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略。 2) who(主/宾语), whom(宾语) , which (主/宾语)不能用that代替， whose( 定语)。 I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. This is New York, which I have visited for several times. 3) which 引导非限时，先行词可以是一个词，也可以是个句子。 You have made rapid progress, which makes me happy. as引导非限，先行词为句子， 在从句中作主/宾语。 The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody. 4)非限制性定语从句中只用as不用 which的情况 ①当定语从句置于主句前面时，只用as不用which As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。 多种表达方法： a.As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. b.The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody. 用as, it, what填空 ①______ is known to us all is that China has the largest population in the world. ②_______ is known to us all that China has the largest population in the world. ③_______ is known to us all, China has the largest population in the world. What It As c.It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. d.What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 4)非限制性定语从句中只用as不用 which的情况 ①当定语从句置于主句前面时，只用as不用which As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. ②as引导非限制性定语从句时,常用于下列一些固定结构中: as we all know/as is known to (us)all (众所周知) as is reported (正如所报道的) as(it)often happens (正如经常发生的那样) as is expected /as we had expected (不出所料) as is often the case (这是常有的事,情况常常如此) as is mentioned above (正如上面所提到的) 5)一些表达数量或定位的数词或代词如all/some/one/both/ neither/none/any/either等可与of构成介词词组修饰关系词,此时关系词在定语从句中作介词的宾语,关系代词不可用 that ,且常用非限制性定语从句。 People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. The students of Class 1, some of whom came from Japan, went camping yesterday. 3.关系副词when, where 可用于非限制性定语从句中 Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years. We will put off the meeting until next week, when we won't be so busy. 1.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _______she opened with her late husband Les. 2.They were well trained by their masters_______had great experience with caring for these animals. 3. She and her family bicycle to work,________ helps them keep fit. 4.Kate,_______sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 5.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, _____the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. 6.We took them to the tea room in our school, ________I introduced the history of tea-making and different kinds of tea and so on. 7.Now I get to work with Dad a lot,_________I love. 8.These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), ____________reduced plant diversity in the park. Exercises 9.That is happening in the UK and Singapore,____government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched. 10.They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, _____ there were fewer humans around. 11.The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ranges from butterflies to elephants. 12.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______________purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. 13.My eldest son, ________work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 14. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of_______have never before been published. 15.He invited me to dinner, ______ made me very happy. 16. He is a great hero, _______is described in the report. 1.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 　which    she opened with her late husband Les. 考查非限制性定语从句。the pet shop是先行词,指物,设空处后面的句子中缺少宾语,故用which引导非限制性定语从句。 2.They were well trained by their masters who/that had great experience with caring for these animals.考查定语从句,分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,masters是先行词,指人,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who/that。 3. She and her family bicycle to work,　which     helps them keep fit. 句意:她和家人骑自行车上班,这有助于他们保持健康。分析句子结构可知,从句修饰的是前面的整句话,“她和家人骑自行车上班”这件事充当了定语从句中的主语成分,是非限制性定语从句,所以用which引导。 4.Kate,　whose     sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 解析　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:凯特去澳大利亚工作了,上大学期间我和她妹妹住同一房间。先行词为Kate,将先行词代入定语从句后为:I shared a room with Kate's sister when we were at college.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。 5.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. 考查非限制性定语从句,句意:一些语言专家认为,在一万年前,当时世界上只有五百万至一千万人口,他们之间可能要说12,000种语言。 6.We took them to the tea room in our school, where I introduced the history of tea-making and different kinds of tea and so on. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我们带他们到我们学校的茶室,在那里我介绍了制茶的历史和不同种类的茶等。先行词是the tea room,用where引导非限制性定语从句,where在从句中作地点状语。 7.Now I get to work with Dad a lot,　which     I love. 解析 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:现在我经常和爸爸一起工作,我喜欢这样。which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代整个主句的内容,在从句中作宾语。 8.These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), 　which  reduced plant diversity in the park. 解析 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这些动物消耗了大量的植被,从而降低了公园的植物多样性。which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代整个主句的内容,在从句中作主语。 9.That is happening in the UK and Singapore, wheregovernment-provided driverless vehicles are being launched. 解析 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:那在英国和新加坡正在发生,在那里政府提供的无人驾驶车辆正在被推出。 先行词是the UK and Singapore,故用where引导非限制性定语从句,where在从句中作地点状语。 10.They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where  there were fewer humans around.句意:他们向北深入到加拿大的森林深处,那里人烟稀少。先行词是表示地点的名词 the deep forests of Canada,故用where 引导非限制性定语从句,where在从句中作地点状语。 11.The national park has a large collection of wildlife, which  ranges from butterflies to elephants. 解析　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:国家公园有一大批的野生动物,这些野生动物从蝴蝶到大象(种类繁多)。此处which引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语。 12.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose_____purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. 解析　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:1963年,联合国成立了世界粮食计划署,其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。关系词在非限制性定语从句作定语,修饰名词purposes,故用关系代词whose引导。 13.My eldest son, 　whose     work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 句意:我的大儿子现在在纽约,他的工作让他走遍世界各地。先行词是My eldest son,定语从句中缺少定语,故填whose。 14. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which  have never before been published. 句意:Frank Hurley,一位自信、有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师,了解南极洲,被聘请来制作这些照片,其中大部分以前从未出版过。先行词是物,且位于介词of后面,故用which指代the images,most of which在从句中作主语。 15.He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy. 句意: 他邀请我吃晚饭，这使我很高兴。which引导非限制性定语从句, which指代整个主句的内容,在从句中作主语。 16. He is a great hero, as is described in the report. 解析 考查非限制性定语从句。句意: 正如报道中所描述的那样，他是个大英雄。as指代整个主句的内容,在从句中作主语。 Activity 2 Read the pasage and rewrite the tips using non-defining attributive clauses. Go for a walk in the countryside, where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere. Spend time with your family and fridends, which will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier. Try to accept your mistakes, where/ through which you can learn a lot. Close your eyes and picture the future, where you 've made your dreams come true. 积极的心态 激发，激活 在逆境中保持好心态 Can you add more tips to the list of Secrets to Happiness ? Listen to and tell jokes, which will make you and more people feel happier and more humorous. Activity 3 Complete the joke with the sentence parts using who/which and put commas in the correct position. , who has lost his patience by now , which he thinks will impress Holmes , who is lying next to him , which he finds annoying 1.去野营 2.搭帐篷 3.在半夜 4.醒来 5.抬头看 6.对满意 7.环顾四周 ———— ——————— — ———————— ———————— —————— ———————— ——————— ———— ——————— British Humor British Humor 1) 讽刺 2）双关语 3）出人意料 ear to ear head off smiles laughing a smile 咧嘴大笑 大笑不已，狂笑 满面笑容，眉开眼笑 __ ________ _________ 又一次，再一次 —————— ________ 笑料，笑柄 笑了起来 grin from ear to ear laugh one's head off be all smiles laughing stock crack a smile 笑料，笑柄 笑了起来 咧嘴大笑 大笑不已，狂笑 满面笑容，眉开眼笑 more expressions about laughter: 恶作剧 √ √ √ “the washing of the lions” 18th and 19 th centuries 1965 BBC News Channel smells to be carried 1957 a really good harvest Karen: Hi, I'm Karen and this is＂Fun Time”. I'm joined today by Mark Collin. Hi,Mark. Mark: Hello！ Karen: As you know, today is the 1st of April or,as we call it， April Fool's Day, and Mark's here to tell us about three of the best practical jokes in history. Mark: Indeed. Let's start with the oldest recorded April Fool's joke, which took place on the 1st of April 1698. Some people were told to go to the Tower of London to watch“the washing of the lions. Of course, there were no lions at the Tower of London. This was reported in a newsletter-similar to today's newspapers--on the second of April that year. Apparently, this practical joke worked so well that it was played on visitors throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. Karen: Well, I'd be pretty annoyed if someone did that to me. OK, let's hear the next one. 通讯,简讯 Mark: OK. This is a practical joke from 1965. The BBC News Channel invited a univer professor (大学教授)to talk about his invention called ＂Smellovision＂. Karen: Smell-o-what？ Mark: Smellovision！This was a type of machine that allowed smells to be carried over airwaves. During the interview， the BBC showed images of people actually smelling a TV screen! Karen: But I don't get it... How on earth did people actually believe that there was such a thing as ＂Smellovision＂？ Mark: The professor did a demonstration. He placed coffee beans and onions inside the Smellovision and asked people watching the programme at home to phone him if they could smell anything. And people did! Some really believed they could smell the coffee beans and onions. Some even said that the onions made their eyes water！ 通过无线电波 图像，画面 究竟 做示范 Karen: I see... I guess you can convince yourself of anything if you really want to. Mark: Indeed! Now, my favourite one. The “spaghetti tree”joke. Karen: Oh, I know it! It's a good one! Mark: It's another BBC joke and probably the most famous one. On the 1st of April 1957 a news programme told viewers that the spaghetti trees in Switzerland were having a really good harvest. The programme even showed people picking spaghetti off trees and laying it in the sun to dry. Karen: That's so funny！ Mark: Many people fell for the joke because spaghetti wasn't that common in England at the time. Karen: I can imagine! 意大利面 上当, 受骗 在那时 Homework 1.巩固本节课所学知识点 2. 6+1P107-108 $$