Unit4 词汇+课文 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语上册

八上Unit 4词汇及课文 精讲 一、词汇精讲 Unit4 序号 英文 音标 词性，释义及拓展 1 advertisement /əd'vɜːtɪzm(ə)nt/ n.广告 【变】advertise v. 为…做广告 advertising n. 广告业 2 funny /'fʌnɪ/ adj.滑稽的，好笑的 【同】 amusing/interesting 【变】 n. 乐趣 adj. 有趣的 【搭】 have great fun 过得愉快，开心 make fun of 3 create /kriː'eɪt/ v.创造，创作 【变】creation n. 创作，作品 creative adj. creator n. 创造者 4 telephone /'telɪfəʊn/ n.电话，电话机 5 wheel /wiːl/ n.车轮，轮子 6 comfortable /'kʌmf(ə)təb(ə)l/ adj.使人舒服的，舒适的 【变】 n. 舒适 v.安慰 comfort sb. uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 7 carriage /'kærɪdʒ/ n.四轮马车 8 century /'sentʃʊrɪ/ n.世纪 9 passenger /'pæsɪndʒə/ n.乘客，旅客 10 invent /ɪn'vent/ v.发明，创造 【变】invention n. 发明（物） inventor n.发明家/者 11 practical /'præktɪk(ə)l/ adj.有用的，适用的 【同】useful 【变】practice v.练习 practice sth.练习做某事 12 since /sɪns/ prep.从…以后，自…以来 【搭】since then= 自那以来 13 distance /'dɪst(ə)ns/ n.距离，间距 【变】distant adj. 14 mobile /'məʊbaɪl/ n.移动电话，手机 15 anytime /'enɪtaɪm/ adv.在任何时候 16 develop /dɪ'veləp/ v.开发，研制 【变】developing adj.发展中的 developed adj. development n.发展 17 lamp /læmp/ n.灯 18 candle /'kænd(ə)l/ n.蜡烛 19 daytime /'deɪtaɪm/ n.白天，日间 【搭】 in the daytime 20 dust /dʌst/ n.灰尘，尘土 【变】 dustbin 垃圾箱 21 special /'speʃ(ə)l/ adj.特殊的，特别的 【变】 specially 特别地，专门地 specialist n. 专家； 22 wing /wɪŋ/ n.翅膀，机翼 23 introduction /ɪntrə'dʌkʃ(ə)n/ n.引言 【变】 v. 介绍 【搭】introduce sth. to sb. 把某物介绍给某人 24 petrol /'petr(ə)l/ n.汽油 25 instead of 代替 【同】 in place of 【辨】 instead of +代替的人或事 instead 一般接句子，可放置在句首和句末 26 petrol 自那以来 27 since then 与…保持联系 28 keep in touch with 在白天 29 keep… off 使…不接近 30 at the same time 同时 【同】meanwhile 【拓】all the time 一直 on time 准时 in time 及时 二、课文梳理 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处填写1个适当单词，再给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Unit 4 Great 1. (invent) change the world. They help people live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history. The wheel The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its invention, travelling became faster and 2. (comfort). A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In 3. early 19th century, the first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. 4._________ the wheel, we would not have these inventions. The telephone Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first 5. (practice) telephones in 1876. Since then, people have been able 6. (speak) to each other over long distances. Today 7. (million) of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people 8. (keep) in touch with each other anytime, anywhere. The light bulb Thomas Edison 9. (develop) the first practical light bulb in 1879. Before the invention of the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. Can you imagine10. (live) without them? 短语归纳: 1. 过更好的生活 2.在19世纪早期 2. 变得流行 4.能够做某事 5. 彼此 6.与某人保持联系 6. 想象做某事 8.尽可能的 练习巩固 I. 根据要求写出相应的单词。 1. fun(形容词) 2. create(形容词) 2. invent(名词) 4. century(复数) 5. practice(形容词) 6. develop(名词) 7. special(副词) 8. introduce(名词) II. 根据句子意思，用所给提示词的适当形式填空。 1. You can see a lot of _______________(advertise)on the street. 2. The music sounds so _______________(comfort). 3. What is the _______________(distant)between your home and the school? 4. Could you please read the _______________(introduce)for me? 5. How many _______________(passenger)are there in the waiting room. 6. She went shopping instead of _______________(watch)TV. 7. Will you mother allow you _______________(buy)a telephone? 8. He is a _______________(create)boy. 9. Many _______________(invent)were full of strange ideas. 10. Mobile phones are very _________(practice). 11. America is a ________(develop)country, but our country is a ______(develop) country. 12. People began to live on the island many _______________(century)ago. III.单选题。 (　　)1. —This grammar book is practical. It can help you with your English. —You’re so sweet to buy it for me. A. helpless B. useful C. special (　　)2. —When will Uncle Wang get to our home, Dad? —Anytime between 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. A. At the same time B. At that time C. At any moment (　　)3. —John developed a new kind of clock last month. —Yeah. I heard it would be put on the market next year. A. produced B. found C. operated (　　)4. An _____ means the part that comes at the beginning and tells you what the rest of the book is about. A. Introduction B. interview C. invention (　　)5. —How beautiful the city is! —You couldn’t imagine that it was a small village a century ago. A. one hundred years B. a long time C. a few years (　　)6. —Why are people interested in your invention? —With my invention, they can look behind and in front of themselves at the same time. A. all the time B. in the meanwhile C. a long time ago (　　)7. Our parents live a long distance away from us. A. quite far away from us B. close to us C. near us (　　)8. —We teenagers should stay away from net bars so that we can focus on study. —I can’t agree with you more. A. keep in touch with B. keep off C. instead of (　　)9. —When did you break your leg? —Last winter holiday. And I haven’t done any exercise since then. A. from then on B. in fact C. in the future (　　)10. This kind of car will be very special because It can fly in the sky. A. unusual B. skillful C. natural (　　)11. To ________ means to design or create something that has never been made before. A. invent B. depend C. find (　　)12.We went to the Biology class ________ attending the English lesson. A. instead of B. because of C.in order to (　　)13. An ________ is a notice in the paper, or on a poster or TV about a job or things for sale. A. announcement B. achievement C. advertisement (　　)14. —Don’t be nervous. Sit down and make yourself ________. —Thank you. I’ll try to take it easy. A. popular B. comfortable C. beautiful (　　)15. —If you don’t know how to operate the new machine, why not read the ________ first. —That’s a good idea. A. advertisement B. article C. instruction (　　)16. —What do you think of the new invention? —It's not very ________. I don't think we can use it in daily life. A. practical B. comfortable C. expensive (　　)17. —What is ________ about your invention? —It’s a flying car. It can ________ a plane in 15 seconds. A. special; turn into B. great; fly C. great; turn on (　　)18. —How many ________ were there on the bus when it caught fire? —About forty. And half of them were badly hurt. A. passengers B. inventors C. dinosaurs (　　)19. One of the best ways for people to keep healthy is to ________ good eating habits. A. grow B. develop C. increase (　　)20. —Will you ________ me if you go to London? —Certainly. I will call you or write to you. A. look forward to B. keep in touch with C. give a hand to ( 第 2 页 共 6 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八上Unit 4词汇及课文 精讲 一、词汇精讲 Unit4 序号 英文 音标 词性，释义及拓展 1 advertisement /əd'vɜːtɪzm(ə)nt/ n.广告 【变】advertise v. 为…做广告 advertising n. 广告业 2 funny /'fʌnɪ/ adj.滑稽的，好笑的 【同】 amusing/interesting 【变】 fun n. 乐趣 adj. 有趣的 【搭】 have great fun 过得愉快，开心 make fun of 取笑 3 create /kriː'eɪt/ v.创造，创作 【变】creation n. 创作，作品 creative adj. 有创造力的 creator n. 创造者 4 telephone /'telɪfəʊn/ n.电话，电话机 5 wheel /wiːl/ n.车轮，轮子 6 comfortable /'kʌmf(ə)təb(ə)l/ adj.使人舒服的，舒适的 【变】 comfort n. 舒适 v.安慰 comfort sb. uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 7 carriage /'kærɪdʒ/ n.四轮马车 8 century /'sentʃʊrɪ/ n.世纪 9 passenger /'pæsɪndʒə/ n.乘客，旅客 10 invent /ɪn'vent/ v.发明，创造 【变】invention n. 发明（物） inventor n.发明家/者 11 practical /'præktɪk(ə)l/ adj.有用的，适用的 【同】useful 【变】practice v.练习 practice doing sth.练习做某事 12 since /sɪns/ prep.从…以后，自…以来 【搭】since then= from then on 自那以来 13 distance /'dɪst(ə)ns/ n.距离，间距 【变】distant adj. 遥远的 14 mobile /'məʊbaɪl/ n.移动电话，手机 15 anytime /'enɪtaɪm/ adv.在任何时候 16 develop /dɪ'veləp/ v.开发，研制 【变】developing adj.发展中的 developed adj. 发达的 development n.发展 17 lamp /læmp/ n.灯 18 candle /'kænd(ə)l/ n.蜡烛 19 daytime /'deɪtaɪm/ n.白天，日间 【搭】 in the daytime 在白天 20 dust /dʌst/ n.灰尘，尘土 【变】 dustbin 垃圾箱 21 special /'speʃ(ə)l/ adj.特殊的，特别的 【变】 specially adv. 特别地，专门地 specialist n. 专家； 22 wing /wɪŋ/ n.翅膀，机翼 23 introduction /ɪntrə'dʌkʃ(ə)n/ n.引言 【变】 introduce v. 介绍 【搭】introduce sth. to sb. 把某物介绍给某人 24 petrol /'petr(ə)l/ n.汽油 25 instead of 代替 【同】 in place of 【辨】 instead of +代替的人或事 instead 一般接句子，可放置在句首和句末 26 petrol 自那以来 27 since then 与…保持联系 28 keep in touch with 在白天 29 keep… off 使…不接近 30 at the same time 同时 【同】meanwhile 【拓】all the time 一直 on time 准时 in time 及时 二、课文梳理 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处填写1个适当单词，再给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Unit 4 Great 1. inventions (invent) change the world. They help people live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history. The wheel The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its invention, travelling became faster and 2. comfortable (comfort). A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In 3. the early 19th century, the first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. 4.Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions. The telephone Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first 5. practical (practice) telephones in 1876. Since then, people have been able 6. to speak (speak) to each other over long distances. Today 7. millions (million) of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people 8. to keep (keep) in touch with each other anytime, anywhere. The light bulb Thomas Edison 9. developed (develop) the first practical light bulb in 1879. Before the invention of the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. Can you imagine10. living (live) without them? 短语归纳: 1. 过更好的生活 2.在19世纪早期 2. 变得流行 4.能够做某事 5. 彼此 6.与某人保持联系 6. 想象做某事 8.尽可能的 练习巩固 I. 根据要求写出相应的单词。 1. fun(形容词) funny 2. create(形容词)creative 2. invent(名词)invention 4. century(复数)centuries 5. practice(形容词)practical 6. develop(名词)development 7. special(副词)specially 8. introduce(名词)introduction II. 根据句子意思，用所给提示词的适当形式填空。 1. You can see a lot of ___advertisements____________(advertise)on the street. 2. The music sounds so __comfortable_____________(comfort). 3. What is the _____distance__________(distant)between your home and the school? 4. Could you please read the ____introduction___________(introduce)for me? 5. How many ___passengers____________(passenger)are there in the waiting room. 6. She went shopping instead of ____watching___________(watch)TV. 7. Will you mother allow you ___to buy____________(buy)a telephone? 8. He is a ___creative____________(create)boy. 9. Many _____inventions__________(invent)were full of strange ideas. 10. Mobile phones are very __practical_______(practice). 11. America is a __developed______(develop)country, but our country is a _developing_____(develop) country. 12. People began to live on the island many ______centuries_________(century)ago. III.单选题。 (　B　)1. —This grammar book is practical. It can help you with your English. —You’re so sweet to buy it for me. A. helpless B. useful C. special (　C　)2. —When will Uncle Wang get to our home, Dad? —Anytime between 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. A. At the same time B. At that time C. At any moment (　A　)3. —John developed a new kind of clock last month. —Yeah. I heard it would be put on the market next year. A. produced B. found C. operated (　A　)4. An _____ means the part that comes at the beginning and tells you what the rest of the book is about. A. Introduction B. interview C. invention (　A　)5. —How beautiful the city is! —You couldn’t imagine that it was a small village a century ago. A. one hundred years B. a long time C. a few years (　B　)6. —Why are people interested in your invention? —With my invention, they can look behind and in front of themselves at the same time. A. all the time B. in the meanwhile C. a long time ago (　A　)7. Our parents live a long distance away from us. A. quite far away from us B. close to us C. near us (　B　)8. —We teenagers should stay away from net bars so that we can focus on study. —I can’t agree with you more. A. keep in touch with B. keep off C. instead of (　A　)9. —When did you break your leg? —Last winter holiday. And I haven’t done any exercise since then. A. from then on B. in fact C. in the future (　A　)10. This kind of car will be very special because It can fly in the sky. A. unusual B. skillful C. natural (　A　)11. To ________ means to design or create something that has never been made before. A. invent B. depend C. find (　A　)12.We went to the Biology class ________ attending the English lesson. A. instead of B. because of C.in order to (　B　)13. An ________ is a notice in the paper, or on a poster or TV about a job or things for sale. A. announcement B. achievement C. advertisement (　B　)14. —Don’t be nervous. Sit down and make yourself ________. —Thank you. I’ll try to take it easy. A. popular B. comfortable C. beautiful (　C　)15. —If you don’t know how to operate the new machine, why not read the ________ first. —That’s a good idea. A. advertisement B. article C. instruction (　A　)16. —What do you think of the new invention? —It's not very ________. I don't think we can use it in daily life. A. practical B. comfortable C. expensive (　A　)17. —What is ________ about your invention? —It’s a flying car. It can ________ a plane in 15 seconds. A. special; turn into B. great; fly C. great; turn on (　A　)18. —How many ________ were there on the bus when it caught fire? —About forty. And half of them were badly hurt. A. passengers B. inventors C. dinosaurs (　B　)19. One of the best ways for people to keep healthy is to ________ good eating habits. A. grow B. develop C. increase (　B　)20. —Will you ________ me if you go to London? —Certainly. I will call you or write to you. A. look forward to B. keep in touch with C. give a hand to ( 第 2 页 共 6 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$