Word and Expression 词汇讲义 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 人教版2019高中英语 2024-2025学年高二同步一线课堂 教师版 +学生版 7-2-1

Word and Expression词汇讲义 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 人教版高中英语2024-2025学年高二同步一线课堂 英语24字整体教学 超前集中 教师版 7-2-1 目 录 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 · 默写词汇 英译汉 · 默写词汇 汉译英 · 发音规则——辅音连缀 第二节 透析与拓展 · 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词 · 核心词块 第三节 应用与提升 · 分类默写 精准记忆 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 · 词汇拓展 · 核心词块匹配 · 重点句型 · 语境实战 翻译提升 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 （“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆） · 单元词汇 iconic /aɪˈkɒnɪk/ adj. 符号的；图标的 foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ n. 创建；基础；地基 political /pəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj. 政治的 didgeridoo /ˌdɪdʒəriˈduː/ n. 迪吉里杜管 located /ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/ adj. 位于 equator /ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/ n. 赤道 koala /kəʊˈɑːlə/ n. 考拉；树袋熊 barbecue /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/ n. (abbr. BBQ）户外烧烤；烤架 bakery /ˈbeɪkəri/ n. 面包（糕饼）店；面包厂 joint /dʒɔɪnt/n. 公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）；关节adj. 联合的；共同的 butcher /ˈbʊtʃə(r)/ n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 premier /ˈpremiə(r)；NAmE prɪ'mɪr/ adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相 herb /hɜːb/ n. 药草；香草；草本 dim sim /ˌdɪm 'sɪm/ （特指澳大利亚的）点心 hollow /ˈhɒləʊ/ adj. 中空的；空心的 vibrate /vaɪ'breɪt/vt. & vi. （使）振动 horn /hɔːn/ n. （乐器）号 pitch /pɪtʃ/n. 音高 straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ adj. 坦率的；简单的 slogan /ˈsləʊɡən/ n. 标语；口号 minister /ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ n. 部长；大臣；外交使节 prime minister 首相；总理 frog /frɒɡ/ n. 蛙；青蛙 arrow /ˈærəʊ/ n. 箭；箭头 entitle /ɪnˈtaɪtl/vt. 给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利 getaway /ˈɡetəweɪ/ n. 适合度假的地方 dive /daɪv/ vi. & n. ( dived/dove, dived ) 潜水；跳水；俯冲 kayaking /ˈkaɪækɪŋ/ n. 划皮艇 peak season高峰季节 freedom /ˈfriːdəm/ n. 自由；不受……影响的状态 domain /dəˈmeɪn； dəʊˈmeɪn/ n. 领域；领土；范围 sponsor /ˈspɒnsə(r)； NAmE 'spɑːnsər/vt. 倡议；赞助；主办n. （法案等的）倡议者；赞助者 liberty /ˈlɪbəti/ n. 自由 golf /ɡɒlf/ n. 高尔夫球运动 strait /streɪt/ n. 海峡 sample /ˈsɑːmpl/ n. 样本；样品 monument /ˈmɒnjumənt/ n. 纪念碑（或馆、堂、像等）；历史遗迹 kiwi /ˈkiːwiː/ n. 几维（新西兰鸟） geyser /ˈɡiːzə(r)；ˈɡaɪzər/ n. 间歇泉 sulphuric /sʌl'fjʊərɪk/ pool 硫黄池 manuka /mə'nuːkə/ honey 麦卢卡蜂蜜 bungee /ˈbʌndʒi/ jumping 蹦极跳 a flock /flɒk/ of —群（羊或鸟） geothermal /ˌdʒiːəʊˈθɜːml/ park 地热公园 distribution /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 分布；分配；分发 pouch /paʊtʃ/ n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包 temporary /ˈtemprəri/ adj. 暂时的；短暂的 phase /feɪz/ n. 阶段；时期 trunk /trʌŋk/ n. 树干 licensed /laɪsnst/ adj. 得到正式许可的 license /ˈlaɪsns/ vt. 批准；许可n. (=licence）许可证；执照 session /ˈseʃn/ n. —场；一段时间；会议 frequency /ˈfriːkwənsi/ n. 发生率；重复率；（声波或电磁波振动的）频率 violent /ˈvaɪələnt/ adj. 暴力的；猛烈的 violence /ˈvaɪələns/n. 暴力；暴行 nest /nest/ n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 mammal /ˈmæml/ n. 哺乳动物 biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生理；生物学 hatch /hætʃ/ vi. 孵出；破壳vt. 使孵出；策划；（尤指）密谋 capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n. 能力；容量 a handful of 少数人（或物）；一把（的量） fence /fens/ n. 栅栏；围栏 prison /'prɪzn/ n. 监狱；监禁 grand /ɡrænd/ adj. 大；宏大的 Aborigine /æbə'ridʒəni/ 澳大利亚土著 Sydney /'sɪdni/ 悉尼（澳大利亚城市） Bondi /bɒndai/ Beach 邦迪海滩 Chiang Mai /tʃi, æŋ'mai/ 清迈（泰国城市 the Bay of Islands 岛屿湾 the haka /haːkə/ 哈卡舞（传统毛利伴歌战舞） Edmonds /edməndz/ 埃德蒙兹 Felicity/ fə'lisəti/ 费莉西著 Tasmanian /tæz'meiniən/ devil塔斯马尼亚恶魔；袋獾 Tasmania /tæz'meiniə/ 塔斯马尼亚（澳大利亚州名） duck-billed platypus /plætipəs/ 鸭嘴兽 · 写词汇 英译汉 英文 汉义 1. iconic adj. 2. foundation n. 3. political adj. 4. didgeridoo n. 5. located adj. 6. equator n. 7. koala n. 8. barbecue n. (abbr. BBQ) 9. bakery n. 10. joint n. adj. 11. butcher n. 12. premier adj. n. 13. herb n. 14. dim sim 15. hollow adj. 16. vibrate vt. & vi. 17. horn n. 18. pitch n. 19. straightforward adj. 20. slogan n. 21. minister n. 22. prime minister 23. frog n. 24. arrow n. 25. entitle vt. 26. getaway n. 27. dive vi. & n. ( dived/dove, dived ) 28. kayaking n. 29. peak season 30. freedom n. 31. domain n. 32. sponsor vt. n. 33. liberty n. 34. golf n. 35. strait n. 36. sample n. 37. monument n. (、、) 38. kiwi n. 39. geyser n. 40. sulphuric pool 41. manukahoney 42. bungee 43. a flock 44. geothermal 45. distribution n. 46. pouch n. 47. temporary adj. 48. phase n. 49. trunk n. 50. licensed adj. 51. license vt. n. ( = licence ) 52. session n. 53. frequency n. 54. violent adj. 55. violence n. 56. nest n. 57. mammal n. 58. biology n. 59. hatch vi. vt. 60. capacity n. 61. a handful of 62. fence n. 63. prison n. 64. grand adj. · 默写词汇 汉译英 英文 汉义 1. adj. 符号的；图标的 2. n. 创建；基础；地基 3. adj. 政治的 4. n. 迪吉里杜管 5. adj. 位于 6. n. 赤道 7. n. 考拉；树袋熊 8. n. (abbr. BBQ) 户外烧烤；烤架 9. n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 10. n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的 11. n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 12. adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相 13. n. 药草；香草；草本 14. (特指澳大利亚的)点心 15. adj. 中空的；空心的 16. vt. & vi. (使)振动 17. n. (乐器)号 18. n. 音高 19. adj. 坦率的；简单的 20. n. 标语；口号 21. n. 部长；大臣；外交使节 22. 首相；总理 23. n. 蛙；青蛙 24. n. 箭；箭头 25. vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利 26. n. 适合度假的地方 27. vi. & n. ( dived/dove, dived ) 潜水；跳水；俯冲 28. n. 划皮艇 29. 高峰季节 30. n. 自由；不受……影响的状态 31. n. 领域；领土；范围 32. vt. 倡议；赞助；主办 n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者 33. n. 自由 34. n. 高尔夫球运动 35. n. 海峡 36. n. 样本；样品 37. n. 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹 38. n. 几维(新西兰鸟) 39. n. 间歇泉 40. 硫黄池 41. 麦卢卡蜂蜜 42. jumping 蹦极跳 43. of —群(羊或鸟) 44. park 地热公园 45. n. 分布；分配；分发 46. n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包 47. adj. 暂时的；短暂的 48. n. 阶段；时期 49. n. 树干 50. adj. 得到正式许可的 51. vt. 批准；许可n. ( = licence )许可证；执照 52. n. —场；一段时间；会议 53. n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 54. adj. 暴力的；猛烈的 55. n. 暴力；暴行 56. n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 57. n. 哺乳动物 58. n. 生理；生物学 59. vi. 孵出；破壳vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋 60. n. 能力；容量 61. 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 62. n. 栅栏；围栏 63. n. 监狱；监禁 64. adj. 大；宏大的 第二节 透析与拓展 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词+核心句型+核心词块 1. foundation n. 创建；基础；地基；根据 (1)lay the foundation(s) for sth. 为某事打下基础 (2)found vt. (founded, founded) 创立；建立 founder n. 创办者；发起人 ❶The foundation of every state is its education of its youth. 对青年人的教育是每个国家的根本。 ❷How long will it take to finish digging the foundations? 挖好地基需要多久？ ❸Careful planning laid the foundations for the nation's economic miracle. 精心的规划为国家的经济奇迹奠定了基础。 ❹Founded in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. 这所创办于20世纪初的学校坚持不懈地激发儿童对于艺术的热爱。 特别提示： found (建立)与find(找到)的过去式与过去分词found­founded­founded; find­found­found [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①He was a family doctor and the ________ (found) of the worldwide Laughter Yoga movement. ②The good relation between human and nature is the ________ (found) of a harmonious society. 2. located adj. 位于 be located in/on 位于 locate vt. 位于；查找……的地点 location n. 位置；地点；外景拍摄场地 ❶On the one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city. 一方面，到达坐落于市中心的上海博物馆对人们来说更加方便了。 ❷Also, if it takes time and effort to locate the information, people won't access it regularly. 同样，如果花费时间和精力定位信息，那么人们就不会定期访问这些信息。 ❸They switched the location of the movie to Hawaii. 他们把这部电影的拍摄地改为夏威夷了。 联想拓展： “位于……；坐落在……”的表达方法 ①be located＋表方位的介词＋. . . ②be situated＋表方位的介词＋. . . ③lie＋表方位的介词＋. . . ④be＋表方位的介词＋. . . The supermarket is located/is situated/lies/is in a business centre. 那家超市位于一个商业中心。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Mr. Smith was quite satisfied with his new flat which ________ (locate) beside the West Lake Park and decided to settle down there. ②The attractive city Qingdao is located ________ the eastern coast of China. ③This corner would make a good ________ (locate) for a gas station. 3. refer to. . . as. . . 称……为…… (1)refer to 指的是；提到，说到，涉及；查阅，参考 refer. . . to. . . 把……委托/交付给…… (2)reference n. 参考，查阅；谈到，提及 in/with reference to 关于 ❶In China, women who remain single in their late twenties are referred to as “leftover women” by relatives and the media. 在中国，女性快30岁时仍单身会被亲戚和媒体称为“剩女”。 ❷Unless necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 除非有必要，否则你最好不要查词典。 ❸With/In reference to your recent advertisement, I am writing to request further details. 关于贵方最近的广告，现特函查询详情。 名师点津： look up 宾语是“要查找的具体内容” refer to 宾语是“查阅使用的工具、资料等” You can refer to a dictionary if necessary. 假如必要的话，你可以查词典。 You can look up the word in your electronic dictionary. 你可以在电子词典中查阅这个单词。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't ________ to you. ②It is suggested that one ________ to the ________ book to ensure the reliability of the news. ③You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________. ④If you are a traveller without a guide leading the way, you need to ________________ (查阅) a guide­book for details of your journey. ⑤________________ (被称为) the “Chinese Valentine's Day”， Qixi, as a traditional Chinese festival, is more similar to a Western festival since fewer people than ever will gaze at the heavens to pick out the two stars shining brightly on either side of the Milky Way. 4. impression n. 印象，感想 (1)leave/make a(n)＋adj. ＋impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象 (2)impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使铭记；使(某人)了解(某事的重要性) impress sb. with/by sth. 某事给某人留下深刻印象 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事；使某人了解某事的重要性 be impressed by/with. . . 对……印象深刻 (3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；令人赞叹的 ❶His behaviour left a bad impression on her. 他的行为给她留下了坏印象。 ❷The professor impressed us with/by his knowledge. 那位教授的学识给我们留下了深刻的印象。 ❸Father impressed on me the value of hard work. 父亲向我强调努力工作的重要意义。 ❹We were very impressed by the standard of work. 工作水准之高给我们留下了深刻的印象。 ❺His collection of paintings is the most impressive. 他的绘画收藏是最令人印象深刻的。 美句欣赏： He unfortunately passed away last year due to cancer, but he left a deep impression on me and gave me the inspiration to pick up my pen again. 去年他因癌症不幸去世了，但是他给我留下了深刻的印象，并给了我重新开始提笔写作的灵感。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①I raced here for the first time last year, and that challenging race left a deep ________ (impress) on me. ②The dancers are really ________ (impress), particularly the younger ones who have a strong passion for street dancing. ③He was impressed ________ the rural architectural work designed by the new generation of young Chinese architects. ④The book made a deep impression ________ me. ⑤I impress ________ him the importance of this work. ⑥What's your first ________ (impress) of Frank as a boss? 5. on the other hand另一方面 on (the) one hand. . . ; on the other hand. . . 一方面……；另一方面(却)…… first(ly). . . ; second(ly). . . 第一……；第二…… for one thing. . . ; for another. . . 一则……；二则…… ❶On the one hand, they want the good mark, but on the other hand, they don't want to work hard. 一方面，他们想要好成绩，但另一方面，他们又不想努力学习。 ❷To improve your English, first(ly), you should listen more; second(ly), you should read more. 为了提高你的英语水平，第一，你应该多听；第二，你应该多读。 ❸I'm not going to buy it: for one thing I don't like the color, and for another it's far too expensive. 我不想买这件东西：一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是它太贵了。 名师点津： on the other hand意为“另一方面”，往往与on the one hand(一方面)连用，表示“适用于两点的情况”。有时也可以不与on the one hand连用，意为“但是/另一方面”，表示意思的转折。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①一方面，我能通过做这件事赚些钱来帮助父母，另一方面，我能从中获得一些经验，这会对我将来的生活有益。 ______________， I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents, and ____________， I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life. ②——你为什么不买辆车呢？ ——一方面，车太贵；另一方面，我不会开。 —Why don't you buy a car? —Well, ________________， it's too expensive for me; ________________， I can't drive. 6. lead vi. & vt. (led, led)领导；带领；过(某种生活)；导致；造成　n. [sing]领先地位；榜样 [U]铅 lead a. . . life 过着一种……的生活 lead to 导致(to为介词)；通往 lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 take the lead 领先 follow the lead 效仿 ❶The people living in big cities prefer to lead a relaxing life. 住在大城市的人更想过轻松的生活。 ❷Smoking may lead to many health problems. 吸烟会导致很多健康问题。 ❸The knowledge we gain will lead us to broaden our horizons. 我们所学到的知识使我们能够开阔眼界。 ❹The score is 64 to 56 in our favour. We are taking the lead. 比分是64比56，我们占优势。现在我们领先。 高考助记： ①Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite. 好习惯总是会带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。 ②Near the end of the race, he took the lead. 比赛快结束时，他领先了。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Just as the old saying goes, diligence leads ________ success while laziness results ________ failure. ②All roads lead ________ Rome. ③He was elected as ________ (lead) of the committee. ④The fascination with the new has led people ________ (believe) that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”. ⑤There is a winding path ________ (lead) to the top of the mountain. ⑥Frequent haze weather ________ (lead) us to think about what we should do to reduce pollution. 7. convinced adj. 确信的；信服的 (1)be convinced of sth. 相信/确信某事物 be convinced that. . . 确信/相信…… (2)convince vt. 使确信；说服 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. that 使某人相信…… convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convincing adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 ❶They were convinced of his honesty. 他们相信他的诚实。 ❷I am convinced that the medicine will work. 我相信这药会起作用。 ❸We finally convinced them of our innocence. 我们终于使他们相信我们是清白的。 ❹What she said convinced me that I had made a mistake. 她的一番话使我确信自己弄错了。 ❺We convinced him to go there by car. 我们说服他乘车去那儿。 ❻The data you have collected is not convincing. 你们收集的资料说服力不足。 语境助记： I'm convinced that he can give us a convincing result after his efforts. 我确信经过他的努力以后他能够给我们一个令人信服的结果。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①I think you will help me convince my father ________ (quit) smoking. ②________ (convince) of the truth of the reports, Bill told his colleagues about it. ③He'll cook up a ________ (convince) explanation for his failure. ④I'm ________ (convince) that he is not telling the truth. ⑤You'll need to convince them ________ your enthusiasm for the job. 7. (教材P14)Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first open­air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food！自从我到了这里，我朋友就带我体验了露天烧烤，我以前从未体验过；朋友还带我品尝了各种美味的饭菜，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物的！ [句式分析]　本句中since引导时间状语从句 since和ever since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”。从句一般表示动作的起点，用一般过去时。 ❶The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to its lowest level since records began in 1971. 死于乳腺癌的女性人数已经降到了从1971年有相关记录以来的最低值。 ❷He has been working here ever since he left university. 自从大学毕业以后，他就一直在这里工作。 特别提示： since从句中的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。另有固定句型“It be＋时间段＋since. . . ”，表示“自从过去某个时间以来，已经有……时间了”。 It's years since I painted a picture as beautiful as this one. 我已经很多年没有画出和这幅画一样美的画了。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①自从我们上次见面已经有六年了。 It has been 6 years ____________________________. ②自从大学毕业，他就梦想着出国旅游。 Ever since he graduated from college, __________________________. 8. (教材P15)It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. 据说现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民不是在海外出生，就是他们的父母在海外出生。 [句式分析]　(1)It is said that. . . 表示“据说……”，在该句型中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 (2)英语中，在不便或不必指明某看法、说法或消息的来源时，往往使用“It is＋过去分词＋that从句”句型进行转述。 It's said that. . . 据说…… It's thought that. . . 人们认为…… It's suggested that. . . 人们建议…… It's believed that. . . 人们相信…… It's hoped that. . . 人们希望…… It's expected that. . . 预计……/人们认为 It's predicted that. . . 据预言…… ❶It was predicted that inflation would continue to fall. 据预报，通货膨胀率将继续下降。 ❷It is thought that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. ＝Mr. Green is thought to have arrived in Beijing. 我们认为格林先生已经到北京了。 ❸It is generally believed that people with high EQ are open to new ideas. ＝People with high EQ are generally believed to be open to new ideas. 大家普遍认为情商高的人容易接受新观念。 特别提示： It is said/thought/believed/hoped that. . . 可转化为 ①sb. /sth. be said/thought/believed/hoped/. . . to do/to be doing/to have done. . . ②People say/think/believe/hope. . . that. . . [即学即练]　句型转换/完成句子 ①People hope that the new coach will be able to pull the football team together. →________________ the new coach will be able to pull the football team together. ②It is said that the old coins had been buried under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered. →The old coins ________________________ under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered. ③据预测，明年将是一个丰收年。 ________________ next year we will have a good harvest. ④人们期望明天天会转晴。 ________________ it will turn fine tomorrow. 9. freedom n. 自由；不受……影响的状态 free adj. 免费的；自由的；不受限制的 vt. 解放；解救；使摆脱 adv. 免费地 keep. . . free from/of 使……免受(影响；伤害等)；使……不含(有害物) be free of 不含……的；没有……的；不受……伤害/影响的 free of charge/for free 免费 set. . . free 释放/放走…… free. . . from/of. . . 解放；使摆脱 ❶After 10 years in prison, he was given his freedom. 他入狱10年以后又得到了自由。 ❷We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我们应该远离毒品。 ❸It was several weeks before he was completely free of pain. 过了几个星期他的疼痛才完全消除。 ❹Set your imagination free when you think about the future. 展望未来时要尽情想象。 ❺The department store delivers goods free of charge. 这家百货商店免费送货。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/翻译句子 ①Young parents are advised to choose natural food that is free ________ chemicals for their children to make sure ________ their health. ②My suggestion is ________ free. ③It's a pity that we can't arrange for our agenda; otherwise we would enjoy more ________ (free) during the whole journey. ④今年我们要设法让花园不长杂草。 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ ⑤放松练习可以使你的身体免于紧张。 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ [特别提示]　be free of作“不受……伤害/影响的”时，相当于be free from。 10. sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办；资助；促成；举办　n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者 ❶The race organisers are trying to attract sponsors. 比赛的组织者在想方设法吸引赞助者。 ❷She found a company to sponsor her through college. 她找到了一家公司资助她读完大学。 ❸The government sponsored an activity to raise money for homeless children. 政府举办了一项活动来为无家可归的孩子们筹钱。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The exhibition ________ (sponsor) by his father was a great success. ②The activity ________ (sponsor) by the young man, ________ father would sponsor him to carry it out. ③My aunt is ________ sponsor who ________ (sponsor) an activity to donate money to people in need when the earthquake happened. [语境串记]　The sponsor sponsored an activity to sponsor the poor students. 那位赞助者主办了一场活动来赞助那些贫困生。 11. distribution n. 分布；分配；分发 (1)distribute vt. 分发；分配 distribute. . . to. . . 向……分发…… distribute. . . between/among. . . 在……之间分配…… (2)distributor n. 经销商；分销商 联想拓展： distribute vt. →distribution n. contribute vt. & vi. 捐助，捐献→contribution n. ❶The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security started to distribute the third­generation social security cards on Friday. 人力资源和社会保障部于周五开始发放第三代社会保障卡。 ❷Insurance agencies will then distribute donations to those in need. 保险机构随后将向有需要的人分发捐款。 ❸The central government has been making efforts to more fairly distribute education resources among different provinces and regions. 中央政府一直在努力使不同省份和地区之间的教育资源分配更加公平。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①On the first day of the new term, our teachers will distribute textbooks ________ the students. ②The organisation ________ (distribute) food and blankets ________ the people who survived the earthquake. ③The ________ (distribute) of passports has been a slow process. ④This company is one of Spain's largest ________ (distribute) of petroleum products. 12. express vt. 表达；表示　n. 邮件快递；特快列车 (1)express sth. to sb. 向某人表达(情感、看法等) express oneself 表达自己的想法 by express 通过快递寄送 (2)expression n. [C]词语；措辞 n. [C]表情；神色 n. [C]表示；表达；表露 facial expressions 面部表情 without expression 面无表情 beyond expression 难以用语言表达 wear a(n). . . expression 脸上露出……的神色 ❶The guests expressed their thanks to the host before leaving. 客人们临走前向主人表达了谢意。 ❷He is still unable to express himself in English. 他仍然不能用英语表达自己的想法。 ❸Her writing is full of old­fashioned expressions. 她的文章中满是过时的词汇。 ❹There was a worried expression on her face. 她脸上流露出担忧的神色。 ❺“I don't understand，” he said, with an expression of complete surprise (on his face). “我不明白，”他说，(脸上)露出十分惊讶的神色。 ❻The poet's anger finds expression in the last line of the poem. 诗人的愤怒在诗的最后一行表露了出来。 ❼The scenery was so beautiful that it was beyond expression. 景色美到无法形容。 语境助记： Words can't express how excited I was when I received his parcel by express. 当我收到他用快递寄的包裹的时候，激动的心情难以言表。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The ________ (express) on his face told us that he was quite disappointed. ②—Oh, you sounded just like a native. —Well, not quite, I still have trouble ________ (express) myself. ③He and Mr. Johnson come from the other side of the Earth, so our joy tonight is beyond ________ (express). ④You can learn interesting words and ________ (express) by reading poems. ⑤Can I deliver the file ________ express? ⑥Did anyone come up to support her after she had expressed ________ (she) on the subject? 13. approach vt. & vi. 靠近，接近　n. 方法(同means)；接近；通路；路径(同path, road)；接洽；建议 an approach to doing sth. /someplace　　　　 做某事的方法/途径；通往某处的路 ❶Winter is approaching. 冬天就要来临。 ❷As you approach the town, you'll see the college on the left. 快到市镇时，你就可以看见左边的学院。 ❸Let's take a new approach to (dealing with) the problem. 让我们用一个新方法来处理这个问题。 ❹The path serves as an approach to the boathouse. 这条小路通往船库。 联想拓展：“临近”的其他表达 (just) around/round the corner(时间上)临近；马上，快要；(距离上)紧邻，就在附近 Her house is just around the corner. 她的房子就在附近。 There are good times around the corner (＝coming soon). 好时光很快就会来临。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The job market has changed and our approach to ________ (find) work must change as well. ②With the time for graduation ________ (approach) we are busy with our papers. 14. pick up拾起，拿起，捡起；(开车)接人；(偶然或无意间)学会；重新开始；继续；好转，恢复健康 ❶He drew on his gloves, picked up his umbrella and went out. 他戴上他的手套，拿起他的雨伞，出去了。 ❷I'll pick you up at the gate tomorrow morning. 我明天早晨在门口开车接你。 ❸I picked up some Spanish when I was living in Mexico. 我住在墨西哥时，偶然学会一些西班牙语。 ❹They won't let him out of hospital until his health has picked up quite a lot. 直到他的健康有很大好转，他们才会让他出院。 ❺We were able to pick up the BBC World Service. 我们能收到英国广播公司国际广播节目。 语境助记： The driver wanted to pick up the man picking up an English programme now but he picked up the book on the floor and went home on foot. 现在，这位司机想让那个正在收听英语节目的人上车，但是那个人拾起地上的一本书，步行回家了。 [即学即练]　写出下列句子中的pick up的汉语意思/完成句子 ①I've got to pick up my daughter from school at four o'clock. ________________ ②Here's a tip I picked up from my mother. ________________ ③We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction. ________________ ④Will you pick up all your toys？________________ ⑤Industrial production is beginning to pick up. ________________ ⑥今年销售额增长了14%。 Sales ________________ 14% this year. 15. frequency n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 (1)frequent adj. 经常发生的，频繁的 a frequent visitor 常客；熟客 (2)frequently adv. 经常地；频繁地 ❶Accidents have decreased in frequency over recent years. 近年来事故发生的频率已经下降。 ❷Her calls became less frequent. 她打电话的次数减少了。 ❸There are frequent contacts between the people of the two countries. 两国人民之间交往频繁。 ❹She asked for sick leave frequently during pregnancy. 怀孕期间她频繁地请病假。 特别提示： 表示频率从低到高的词分别是：never (从不)→seldom/rarely (几乎不)→occasionally (偶尔)→sometimes (有时候)→often/frequently (常常)→usually (通常)→always (总是) [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Only those people who use a kitchen ________ (frequent) understand the best way to lay it out. ②The tanks broke down with increasing ________ (frequent). ③妈妈时不时的鼓励让我下定决心勇敢地面对挑战。 Mum's ________________ made me determined to face the challenges bravely. 16. (教材P20)They sleep and drink milk in that temporary, protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old. 它们在这个暂时的安全港湾里睡觉和喝奶，直到长到七八个月大。 [句式分析]　本句中until引导时间状语从句 ①until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是肯定句时，其谓语动词通常是延续性动词，如stand, stay, talk, wait, last等，until从句表示主句动作终止的时间，until一般可译为“直到……时(为止)”。until作介词后跟名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在肯定句中时，用法与之相同。 ❶I waited until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 ❷To prepare for the mid­term exam，I went over the lessons until I couldn't keep my eyes open last night. 为了准备期中考试，我昨晚复习功课复习到睁不开眼睛。 ❸The rain lasted until yesterday. 这场雨一直持续到昨天。 ②until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是否定句时，其谓语动词通常是非延续性动词，如open, start, leave, arrive, finish, stop等，until从句强调主句动作开始的时间，一般可译为“直到……才……”或“直到……之前(还不……)”。until作介词后接名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在否定句中时，用法与之相同。 ❹I didn't leave the boy until his mother showed up. 直到这个男孩的母亲出现，我才离开。 ❺Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 ❻I didn't manage to do it until you had explained the steps. 直到你解释这些步骤后，我才会做。 ③当Not until位于句首时，主句/句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until＋从句/时间名词(短语)＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋(主句)主语＋谓语＋其他成分。 ❼Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking. 直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。 ❽Not until next month will the sports meet be held. 运动会要下个月才开。 特别提示： till与until 在肯定句中指某个延续性动作或某种状态“持续到……时间为止，既可用till，也可用until”。 如①He kept studying English till/until the age of 35. 他学英语直到35岁(才结束)。 ②但在not . . . until句型中，习惯上只用until而不用till。 He didn't stop studying English until the age of 35. 直到35岁他才停止学英语。 [即学即练]　用until/till/not. . . until. . . 补全下列句子(可加入必要的助动词)/用倒装结构改写句子 ①Will the fish keep fresh ________ tomorrow? ②She ________ go to bed ________ 11：00 pm last night. ③You can wait here ________ help comes. ④I ________ notice it ________ he told me. ⑤I had not realised he was my teacher until he took off his sunglasses. ________________________________________________________________________ 17. (教材P21)While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology. 虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特征。 [句式分析]　本句中while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……但是……”，多放于句首。 while作连词时的主要用法： (1)“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句 (2)“但是；可是”，表示对比 (3)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折 ❶While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside. 玛丽写信时，孩子们在外面玩耍。 ❷While they were just children, they made contributions to the environmental protection. 尽管只是些小孩，但他们为环境保护作出了贡献。 ❸Some people live in plenty, while others haven't enough to eat. 一些人过着丰衣足食的生活，而另一些人却吃不饱。 知识拓展： while与when及as之间的区别 1. 当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时，我们可以用while, when或as。 2. 当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时，不可用while。 3. 当如果谈论两个长动作，最常用的是while。 18. 如果表示两个短动作或事情同时发生，最常用的是as，也可用when。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①她虽然是个可爱的女孩，但有时却极难与其共事。 ________________________， she can be extremely difficult to work with. ②我在做饭时，孩子们都在做作业。 ________________________， the children were doing their homework. ③他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。 He likes playing basketball, ________________________. 第3节 应用与提升 语境实战 翻译提升 Ⅰ. 单词语境填空(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) 1. Bamboo is light because it is ________ (空心的). 2. As we know, best friends are the ________ (基础) of our life. 3. All other ________ (政治的) parties there have been completely banned. 4. I think that he's one of the most popular sculptors because he's such an ________ (标志性的) figure. 5. Before we discuss the ________ (联合的) practices, let me be clear about what the practices are. 6. Some ________ (屠夫) also kill animals for meat and to make foods such as sausages and meat pies. 7. If you describe a person or their behaviour as ________ (坦率的), you approve of them because they are honest and direct and do not try to hide their feelings. 8. They could campaign on the ________ (广告语) “We'll take less of your money. ” Ⅱ. 词汇拓展单句填空。(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) 1. I am keen on politics，so I have a good knowledge of __________________ terms. In the future，I desire to be a __________________. (politics) 2. The unfair __________________ (distribute) of wealth has become a serious problem in some countries. 3. ①The headmaster declared that they would solve the problem of school __________________ (violent) as soon as possible. ②He seemed much fiercer this time and __________________ (violent) pushed the fence like mad. 4. ①To improve the study efficiency，we must reflect on what we have learnt __________________ (frequency). ②The __________________ (frequent) of Tom's visits to the licensed restaurant increased rapidly. III. 词块语法单句填空 pick up, feel at home, say goodbye to, be native to, a handful of 1. Most of the plants _________________________________ Brazil. 2. Robert dived into his pocket and took out _________________________________pennies. 3. They go out of their way to make me _________________________________. 4. I left in such a hurry that I didn't have time to _________________________________ you. 5. I am wondering whether you can ___________________ him ___________________ at the airport at your convenience. IV. 重点句式仿写 1. 这个公园于2018年向公众开放，每年都会吸引很多游客。(动词­ed形式短语作状语) _________________________________the park attracts a lot of visitors each year. 2. 我最想说的是，我们应该尽力保护环境。(what引导主语从句) _________________________________ is that we should try our best to protect the environment. 3. 为了节约课堂时间，我们的老师要求我们学生在课堂上做一半练习。(动词不定式短语作目的状语) _________________________________our teacher asked us students to do half of the exercises in class. V. 课文语法填空。(Reading and Thinking部分) I had done some research before 1. ________ (travel) to Australia. Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to 2. ________ “down under”. On Oct. 1, I arrived in Sydney. My first 3. ________ (impress) of Australia were all about food. The influence of Asian cultures led 4. ________ the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese­inspired dim sim. On Oct. 3, my friend and I arrived in a town in Australia's Northern Territory. We were there 5. ________ (learn) about the life and customs of the Aborigines. To survive in this vast land on the ocean, the Aborigines had to be in close contact with 6. ________ (natural). Most of their musical instruments are 7. ________ (real) just sticks 8. ________ (find) on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. After being there for a while, my 9. ________ (big) impression of Australia is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures 10. ________ make up the nation. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Word and Expression词汇讲义 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 人教版高中英语2024-2025学年高二同步一线课堂 英语24字整体教学 超前集中 教师版 7-2-1 目 录 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 · 默写词汇 英译汉 · 默写词汇 汉译英 · 发音规则——辅音连缀 第二节 透析与拓展 · 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词 · 核心词块 第三节 应用与提升 · 分类默写 精准记忆 · 识单词英汉相互匹配 · 词汇拓展 · 核心词块匹配 · 重点句型 · 语境实战 翻译提升 第一节 认识与记忆 · 逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读 （“逐词认读，一目四项，疯狂诵读”是一种有效的高中英语词汇记忆策略。在词汇学习过程中，我们提出“一目四项”的策略，即每次学习一个单词时，我们专注于四个方面：单词拼写、音标、基本词义及词性。这种方法能帮助学习者全面地把握一个单词的各个方面，提高词汇记忆的效率和准确性。通过疯狂诵读，强化记忆） · 单元词汇 iconic /aɪˈkɒnɪk/ adj. 符号的；图标的 foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ n. 创建；基础；地基 political /pəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj. 政治的 didgeridoo /ˌdɪdʒəriˈduː/ n. 迪吉里杜管 located /ləʊˈkeɪtɪd/ adj. 位于 equator /ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/ n. 赤道 koala /kəʊˈɑːlə/ n. 考拉；树袋熊 barbecue /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/ n. (abbr. BBQ）户外烧烤；烤架 bakery /ˈbeɪkəri/ n. 面包（糕饼）店；面包厂 joint /dʒɔɪnt/n. 公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）；关节adj. 联合的；共同的 butcher /ˈbʊtʃə(r)/ n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 premier /ˈpremiə(r)；NAmE prɪ'mɪr/ adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相 herb /hɜːb/ n. 药草；香草；草本 dim sim /ˌdɪm 'sɪm/ （特指澳大利亚的）点心 hollow /ˈhɒləʊ/ adj. 中空的；空心的 vibrate /vaɪ'breɪt/vt. & vi. （使）振动 horn /hɔːn/ n. （乐器）号 pitch /pɪtʃ/n. 音高 straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ adj. 坦率的；简单的 slogan /ˈsləʊɡən/ n. 标语；口号 minister /ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ n. 部长；大臣；外交使节 prime minister 首相；总理 frog /frɒɡ/ n. 蛙；青蛙 arrow /ˈærəʊ/ n. 箭；箭头 entitle /ɪnˈtaɪtl/vt. 给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利 getaway /ˈɡetəweɪ/ n. 适合度假的地方 dive /daɪv/ vi. & n. ( dived/dove, dived ) 潜水；跳水；俯冲 kayaking /ˈkaɪækɪŋ/ n. 划皮艇 peak season高峰季节 freedom /ˈfriːdəm/ n. 自由；不受……影响的状态 domain /dəˈmeɪn； dəʊˈmeɪn/ n. 领域；领土；范围 sponsor /ˈspɒnsə(r)； NAmE 'spɑːnsər/vt. 倡议；赞助；主办n. （法案等的）倡议者；赞助者 liberty /ˈlɪbəti/ n. 自由 golf /ɡɒlf/ n. 高尔夫球运动 strait /streɪt/ n. 海峡 sample /ˈsɑːmpl/ n. 样本；样品 monument /ˈmɒnjumənt/ n. 纪念碑（或馆、堂、像等）；历史遗迹 kiwi /ˈkiːwiː/ n. 几维（新西兰鸟） geyser /ˈɡiːzə(r)；ˈɡaɪzər/ n. 间歇泉 sulphuric /sʌl'fjʊərɪk/ pool 硫黄池 manuka /mə'nuːkə/ honey 麦卢卡蜂蜜 bungee /ˈbʌndʒi/ jumping 蹦极跳 a flock /flɒk/ of —群（羊或鸟） geothermal /ˌdʒiːəʊˈθɜːml/ park 地热公园 distribution /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn/ n. 分布；分配；分发 pouch /paʊtʃ/ n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包 temporary /ˈtemprəri/ adj. 暂时的；短暂的 phase /feɪz/ n. 阶段；时期 trunk /trʌŋk/ n. 树干 licensed /laɪsnst/ adj. 得到正式许可的 license /ˈlaɪsns/ vt. 批准；许可n. (=licence）许可证；执照 session /ˈseʃn/ n. —场；一段时间；会议 frequency /ˈfriːkwənsi/ n. 发生率；重复率；（声波或电磁波振动的）频率 violent /ˈvaɪələnt/ adj. 暴力的；猛烈的 violence /ˈvaɪələns/n. 暴力；暴行 nest /nest/ n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 mammal /ˈmæml/ n. 哺乳动物 biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ n. 生理；生物学 hatch /hætʃ/ vi. 孵出；破壳vt. 使孵出；策划；（尤指）密谋 capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n. 能力；容量 a handful of 少数人（或物）；一把（的量） fence /fens/ n. 栅栏；围栏 prison /'prɪzn/ n. 监狱；监禁 grand /ɡrænd/ adj. 大；宏大的 Aborigine /æbə'ridʒəni/ 澳大利亚土著 Sydney /'sɪdni/ 悉尼（澳大利亚城市） Bondi /bɒndai/ Beach 邦迪海滩 Chiang Mai /tʃi, æŋ'mai/ 清迈（泰国城市 the Bay of Islands 岛屿湾 the haka /haːkə/ 哈卡舞（传统毛利伴歌战舞） Edmonds /edməndz/ 埃德蒙兹 Felicity/ fə'lisəti/ 费莉西著 Tasmanian /tæz'meiniən/ devil塔斯马尼亚恶魔；袋獾 Tasmania /tæz'meiniə/ 塔斯马尼亚（澳大利亚州名） duck-billed platypus /plætipəs/ 鸭嘴兽 · 写词汇 英译汉 英文 汉义 1. iconic adj. 2. foundation n. 3. political adj. 4. didgeridoo n. 5. located adj. 6. equator n. 7. koala n. 8. barbecue n. (abbr. BBQ) 9. bakery n. 10. joint n. adj. 11. butcher n. 12. premier adj. n. 13. herb n. 14. dim sim 15. hollow adj. 16. vibrate vt. & vi. 17. horn n. 18. pitch n. 19. straightforward adj. 20. slogan n. 21. minister n. 22. prime minister 23. frog n. 24. arrow n. 25. entitle vt. 26. getaway n. 27. dive vi. & n. ( dived/dove, dived ) 28. kayaking n. 29. peak season 30. freedom n. 31. domain n. 32. sponsor vt. n. 33. liberty n. 34. golf n. 35. strait n. 36. sample n. 37. monument n. (、、) 38. kiwi n. 39. geyser n. 40. sulphuric pool 41. manukahoney 42. bungee 43. a flock 44. geothermal 45. distribution n. 46. pouch n. 47. temporary adj. 48. phase n. 49. trunk n. 50. licensed adj. 51. license vt. n. ( = licence ) 52. session n. 53. frequency n. 54. violent adj. 55. violence n. 56. nest n. 57. mammal n. 58. biology n. 59. hatch vi. vt. 60. capacity n. 61. a handful of 62. fence n. 63. prison n. 64. grand adj. · 默写词汇 汉译英 英文 汉义 1. adj. 符号的；图标的 2. n. 创建；基础；地基 3. adj. 政治的 4. n. 迪吉里杜管 5. adj. 位于 6. n. 赤道 7. n. 考拉；树袋熊 8. n. (abbr. BBQ) 户外烧烤；烤架 9. n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 10. n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的 11. n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 12. adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的 n. 总理；首相 13. n. 药草；香草；草本 14. (特指澳大利亚的)点心 15. adj. 中空的；空心的 16. vt. & vi. (使)振动 17. n. (乐器)号 18. n. 音高 19. adj. 坦率的；简单的 20. n. 标语；口号 21. n. 部长；大臣；外交使节 22. 首相；总理 23. n. 蛙；青蛙 24. n. 箭；箭头 25. vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利 26. n. 适合度假的地方 27. vi. & n. ( dived/dove, dived ) 潜水；跳水；俯冲 28. n. 划皮艇 29. 高峰季节 30. n. 自由；不受……影响的状态 31. n. 领域；领土；范围 32. vt. 倡议；赞助；主办 n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者 33. n. 自由 34. n. 高尔夫球运动 35. n. 海峡 36. n. 样本；样品 37. n. 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹 38. n. 几维(新西兰鸟) 39. n. 间歇泉 40. 硫黄池 41. 麦卢卡蜂蜜 42. jumping 蹦极跳 43. of —群(羊或鸟) 44. park 地热公园 45. n. 分布；分配；分发 46. n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包 47. adj. 暂时的；短暂的 48. n. 阶段；时期 49. n. 树干 50. adj. 得到正式许可的 51. vt. 批准；许可n. ( = licence )许可证；执照 52. n. —场；一段时间；会议 53. n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 54. adj. 暴力的；猛烈的 55. n. 暴力；暴行 56. n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 57. n. 哺乳动物 58. n. 生理；生物学 59. vi. 孵出；破壳vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋 60. n. 能力；容量 61. 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 62. n. 栅栏；围栏 63. n. 监狱；监禁 64. adj. 大；宏大的 第二节 透析与拓展 重点精讲 例析拓展 · 核心单词+核心句型+核心词块 1. foundation n. 创建；基础；地基；根据 (1)lay the foundation(s) for sth. 为某事打下基础 (2)found vt. (founded, founded) 创立；建立 founder n. 创办者；发起人 ❶The foundation of every state is its education of its youth. 对青年人的教育是每个国家的根本。 ❷How long will it take to finish digging the foundations? 挖好地基需要多久？ ❸Careful planning laid the foundations for the nation's economic miracle. 精心的规划为国家的经济奇迹奠定了基础。 ❹Founded in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. 这所创办于20世纪初的学校坚持不懈地激发儿童对于艺术的热爱。 特别提示： found (建立)与find(找到)的过去式与过去分词found­founded­founded; find­found­found [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①He was a family doctor and the ________ (found) of the worldwide Laughter Yoga movement. ②The good relation between human and nature is the ________ (found) of a harmonious society. 2. located adj. 位于 be located in/on 位于 locate vt. 位于；查找……的地点 location n. 位置；地点；外景拍摄场地 ❶On the one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city. 一方面，到达坐落于市中心的上海博物馆对人们来说更加方便了。 ❷Also, if it takes time and effort to locate the information, people won't access it regularly. 同样，如果花费时间和精力定位信息，那么人们就不会定期访问这些信息。 ❸They switched the location of the movie to Hawaii. 他们把这部电影的拍摄地改为夏威夷了。 联想拓展： “位于……；坐落在……”的表达方法 ①be located＋表方位的介词＋. . . ②be situated＋表方位的介词＋. . . ③lie＋表方位的介词＋. . . ④be＋表方位的介词＋. . . The supermarket is located/is situated/lies/is in a business centre. 那家超市位于一个商业中心。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Mr. Smith was quite satisfied with his new flat which ________ (locate) beside the West Lake Park and decided to settle down there. ②The attractive city Qingdao is located ________ the eastern coast of China. ③This corner would make a good ________ (locate) for a gas station. 3. refer to. . . as. . . 称……为…… (1)refer to 指的是；提到，说到，涉及；查阅，参考 refer. . . to. . . 把……委托/交付给…… (2)reference n. 参考，查阅；谈到，提及 in/with reference to 关于 ❶In China, women who remain single in their late twenties are referred to as “leftover women” by relatives and the media. 在中国，女性快30岁时仍单身会被亲戚和媒体称为“剩女”。 ❷Unless necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 除非有必要，否则你最好不要查词典。 ❸With/In reference to your recent advertisement, I am writing to request further details. 关于贵方最近的广告，现特函查询详情。 名师点津： look up 宾语是“要查找的具体内容” refer to 宾语是“查阅使用的工具、资料等” You can refer to a dictionary if necessary. 假如必要的话，你可以查词典。 You can look up the word in your electronic dictionary. 你可以在电子词典中查阅这个单词。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't ________ to you. ②It is suggested that one ________ to the ________ book to ensure the reliability of the news. ③You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________. ④If you are a traveller without a guide leading the way, you need to ________________ (查阅) a guide­book for details of your journey. ⑤________________ (被称为) the “Chinese Valentine's Day”， Qixi, as a traditional Chinese festival, is more similar to a Western festival since fewer people than ever will gaze at the heavens to pick out the two stars shining brightly on either side of the Milky Way. 4. impression n. 印象，感想 (1)leave/make a(n)＋adj. ＋impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象 (2)impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使铭记；使(某人)了解(某事的重要性) impress sb. with/by sth. 某事给某人留下深刻印象 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事；使某人了解某事的重要性 be impressed by/with. . . 对……印象深刻 (3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；令人赞叹的 ❶His behaviour left a bad impression on her. 他的行为给她留下了坏印象。 ❷The professor impressed us with/by his knowledge. 那位教授的学识给我们留下了深刻的印象。 ❸Father impressed on me the value of hard work. 父亲向我强调努力工作的重要意义。 ❹We were very impressed by the standard of work. 工作水准之高给我们留下了深刻的印象。 ❺His collection of paintings is the most impressive. 他的绘画收藏是最令人印象深刻的。 美句欣赏： He unfortunately passed away last year due to cancer, but he left a deep impression on me and gave me the inspiration to pick up my pen again. 去年他因癌症不幸去世了，但是他给我留下了深刻的印象，并给了我重新开始提笔写作的灵感。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①I raced here for the first time last year, and that challenging race left a deep ________ (impress) on me. ②The dancers are really ________ (impress), particularly the younger ones who have a strong passion for street dancing. ③He was impressed ________ the rural architectural work designed by the new generation of young Chinese architects. ④The book made a deep impression ________ me. ⑤I impress ________ him the importance of this work. ⑥What's your first ________ (impress) of Frank as a boss? 5. on the other hand另一方面 on (the) one hand. . . ; on the other hand. . . 一方面……；另一方面(却)…… first(ly). . . ; second(ly). . . 第一……；第二…… for one thing. . . ; for another. . . 一则……；二则…… ❶On the one hand, they want the good mark, but on the other hand, they don't want to work hard. 一方面，他们想要好成绩，但另一方面，他们又不想努力学习。 ❷To improve your English, first(ly), you should listen more; second(ly), you should read more. 为了提高你的英语水平，第一，你应该多听；第二，你应该多读。 ❸I'm not going to buy it: for one thing I don't like the color, and for another it's far too expensive. 我不想买这件东西：一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是它太贵了。 名师点津： on the other hand意为“另一方面”，往往与on the one hand(一方面)连用，表示“适用于两点的情况”。有时也可以不与on the one hand连用，意为“但是/另一方面”，表示意思的转折。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①一方面，我能通过做这件事赚些钱来帮助父母，另一方面，我能从中获得一些经验，这会对我将来的生活有益。 ______________， I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents, and ____________， I can gain some experience from it, which will do good to my future life. ②——你为什么不买辆车呢？ ——一方面，车太贵；另一方面，我不会开。 —Why don't you buy a car? —Well, ________________， it's too expensive for me; ________________， I can't drive. 6. lead vi. & vt. (led, led)领导；带领；过(某种生活)；导致；造成　n. [sing]领先地位；榜样 [U]铅 lead a. . . life 过着一种……的生活 lead to 导致(to为介词)；通往 lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 take the lead 领先 follow the lead 效仿 ❶The people living in big cities prefer to lead a relaxing life. 住在大城市的人更想过轻松的生活。 ❷Smoking may lead to many health problems. 吸烟会导致很多健康问题。 ❸The knowledge we gain will lead us to broaden our horizons. 我们所学到的知识使我们能够开阔眼界。 ❹The score is 64 to 56 in our favour. We are taking the lead. 比分是64比56，我们占优势。现在我们领先。 高考助记： ①Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite. 好习惯总是会带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。 ②Near the end of the race, he took the lead. 比赛快结束时，他领先了。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Just as the old saying goes, diligence leads ________ success while laziness results ________ failure. ②All roads lead ________ Rome. ③He was elected as ________ (lead) of the committee. ④The fascination with the new has led people ________ (believe) that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”. ⑤There is a winding path ________ (lead) to the top of the mountain. ⑥Frequent haze weather ________ (lead) us to think about what we should do to reduce pollution. 7. convinced adj. 确信的；信服的 (1)be convinced of sth. 相信/确信某事物 be convinced that. . . 确信/相信…… (2)convince vt. 使确信；说服 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. that 使某人相信…… convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convincing adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 ❶They were convinced of his honesty. 他们相信他的诚实。 ❷I am convinced that the medicine will work. 我相信这药会起作用。 ❸We finally convinced them of our innocence. 我们终于使他们相信我们是清白的。 ❹What she said convinced me that I had made a mistake. 她的一番话使我确信自己弄错了。 ❺We convinced him to go there by car. 我们说服他乘车去那儿。 ❻The data you have collected is not convincing. 你们收集的资料说服力不足。 语境助记： I'm convinced that he can give us a convincing result after his efforts. 我确信经过他的努力以后他能够给我们一个令人信服的结果。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①I think you will help me convince my father ________ (quit) smoking. ②________ (convince) of the truth of the reports, Bill told his colleagues about it. ③He'll cook up a ________ (convince) explanation for his failure. ④I'm ________ (convince) that he is not telling the truth. ⑤You'll need to convince them ________ your enthusiasm for the job. 7. (教材P14)Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first open­air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food！自从我到了这里，我朋友就带我体验了露天烧烤，我以前从未体验过；朋友还带我品尝了各种美味的饭菜，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物的！ [句式分析]　本句中since引导时间状语从句 since和ever since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”。从句一般表示动作的起点，用一般过去时。 ❶The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to its lowest level since records began in 1971. 死于乳腺癌的女性人数已经降到了从1971年有相关记录以来的最低值。 ❷He has been working here ever since he left university. 自从大学毕业以后，他就一直在这里工作。 特别提示： since从句中的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。另有固定句型“It be＋时间段＋since. . . ”，表示“自从过去某个时间以来，已经有……时间了”。 It's years since I painted a picture as beautiful as this one. 我已经很多年没有画出和这幅画一样美的画了。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①自从我们上次见面已经有六年了。 It has been 6 years ____________________________. ②自从大学毕业，他就梦想着出国旅游。 Ever since he graduated from college, __________________________. 8. (教材P15)It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. 据说现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民不是在海外出生，就是他们的父母在海外出生。 [句式分析]　(1)It is said that. . . 表示“据说……”，在该句型中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 (2)英语中，在不便或不必指明某看法、说法或消息的来源时，往往使用“It is＋过去分词＋that从句”句型进行转述。 It's said that. . . 据说…… It's thought that. . . 人们认为…… It's suggested that. . . 人们建议…… It's believed that. . . 人们相信…… It's hoped that. . . 人们希望…… It's expected that. . . 预计……/人们认为 It's predicted that. . . 据预言…… ❶It was predicted that inflation would continue to fall. 据预报，通货膨胀率将继续下降。 ❷It is thought that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. ＝Mr. Green is thought to have arrived in Beijing. 我们认为格林先生已经到北京了。 ❸It is generally believed that people with high EQ are open to new ideas. ＝People with high EQ are generally believed to be open to new ideas. 大家普遍认为情商高的人容易接受新观念。 特别提示： It is said/thought/believed/hoped that. . . 可转化为 ①sb. /sth. be said/thought/believed/hoped/. . . to do/to be doing/to have done. . . ②People say/think/believe/hope. . . that. . . [即学即练]　句型转换/完成句子 ①People hope that the new coach will be able to pull the football team together. →________________ the new coach will be able to pull the football team together. ②It is said that the old coins had been buried under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered. →The old coins ________________________ under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered. ③据预测，明年将是一个丰收年。 ________________ next year we will have a good harvest. ④人们期望明天天会转晴。 ________________ it will turn fine tomorrow. 9. freedom n. 自由；不受……影响的状态 free adj. 免费的；自由的；不受限制的 vt. 解放；解救；使摆脱 adv. 免费地 keep. . . free from/of 使……免受(影响；伤害等)；使……不含(有害物) be free of 不含……的；没有……的；不受……伤害/影响的 free of charge/for free 免费 set. . . free 释放/放走…… free. . . from/of. . . 解放；使摆脱 ❶After 10 years in prison, he was given his freedom. 他入狱10年以后又得到了自由。 ❷We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我们应该远离毒品。 ❸It was several weeks before he was completely free of pain. 过了几个星期他的疼痛才完全消除。 ❹Set your imagination free when you think about the future. 展望未来时要尽情想象。 ❺The department store delivers goods free of charge. 这家百货商店免费送货。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/翻译句子 ①Young parents are advised to choose natural food that is free ________ chemicals for their children to make sure ________ their health. ②My suggestion is ________ free. ③It's a pity that we can't arrange for our agenda; otherwise we would enjoy more ________ (free) during the whole journey. ④今年我们要设法让花园不长杂草。 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ ⑤放松练习可以使你的身体免于紧张。 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ [特别提示]　be free of作“不受……伤害/影响的”时，相当于be free from。 10. sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办；资助；促成；举办　n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者 ❶The race organisers are trying to attract sponsors. 比赛的组织者在想方设法吸引赞助者。 ❷She found a company to sponsor her through college. 她找到了一家公司资助她读完大学。 ❸The government sponsored an activity to raise money for homeless children. 政府举办了一项活动来为无家可归的孩子们筹钱。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The exhibition ________ (sponsor) by his father was a great success. ②The activity ________ (sponsor) by the young man, ________ father would sponsor him to carry it out. ③My aunt is ________ sponsor who ________ (sponsor) an activity to donate money to people in need when the earthquake happened. [语境串记]　The sponsor sponsored an activity to sponsor the poor students. 那位赞助者主办了一场活动来赞助那些贫困生。 11. distribution n. 分布；分配；分发 (1)distribute vt. 分发；分配 distribute. . . to. . . 向……分发…… distribute. . . between/among. . . 在……之间分配…… (2)distributor n. 经销商；分销商 联想拓展： distribute vt. →distribution n. contribute vt. & vi. 捐助，捐献→contribution n. ❶The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security started to distribute the third­generation social security cards on Friday. 人力资源和社会保障部于周五开始发放第三代社会保障卡。 ❷Insurance agencies will then distribute donations to those in need. 保险机构随后将向有需要的人分发捐款。 ❸The central government has been making efforts to more fairly distribute education resources among different provinces and regions. 中央政府一直在努力使不同省份和地区之间的教育资源分配更加公平。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①On the first day of the new term, our teachers will distribute textbooks ________ the students. ②The organisation ________ (distribute) food and blankets ________ the people who survived the earthquake. ③The ________ (distribute) of passports has been a slow process. ④This company is one of Spain's largest ________ (distribute) of petroleum products. 12. express vt. 表达；表示　n. 邮件快递；特快列车 (1)express sth. to sb. 向某人表达(情感、看法等) express oneself 表达自己的想法 by express 通过快递寄送 (2)expression n. [C]词语；措辞 n. [C]表情；神色 n. [C]表示；表达；表露 facial expressions 面部表情 without expression 面无表情 beyond expression 难以用语言表达 wear a(n). . . expression 脸上露出……的神色 ❶The guests expressed their thanks to the host before leaving. 客人们临走前向主人表达了谢意。 ❷He is still unable to express himself in English. 他仍然不能用英语表达自己的想法。 ❸Her writing is full of old­fashioned expressions. 她的文章中满是过时的词汇。 ❹There was a worried expression on her face. 她脸上流露出担忧的神色。 ❺“I don't understand，” he said, with an expression of complete surprise (on his face). “我不明白，”他说，(脸上)露出十分惊讶的神色。 ❻The poet's anger finds expression in the last line of the poem. 诗人的愤怒在诗的最后一行表露了出来。 ❼The scenery was so beautiful that it was beyond expression. 景色美到无法形容。 语境助记： Words can't express how excited I was when I received his parcel by express. 当我收到他用快递寄的包裹的时候，激动的心情难以言表。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The ________ (express) on his face told us that he was quite disappointed. ②—Oh, you sounded just like a native. —Well, not quite, I still have trouble ________ (express) myself. ③He and Mr. Johnson come from the other side of the Earth, so our joy tonight is beyond ________ (express). ④You can learn interesting words and ________ (express) by reading poems. ⑤Can I deliver the file ________ express? ⑥Did anyone come up to support her after she had expressed ________ (she) on the subject? 13. approach vt. & vi. 靠近，接近　n. 方法(同means)；接近；通路；路径(同path, road)；接洽；建议 an approach to doing sth. /someplace　　　　 做某事的方法/途径；通往某处的路 ❶Winter is approaching. 冬天就要来临。 ❷As you approach the town, you'll see the college on the left. 快到市镇时，你就可以看见左边的学院。 ❸Let's take a new approach to (dealing with) the problem. 让我们用一个新方法来处理这个问题。 ❹The path serves as an approach to the boathouse. 这条小路通往船库。 联想拓展：“临近”的其他表达 (just) around/round the corner(时间上)临近；马上，快要；(距离上)紧邻，就在附近 Her house is just around the corner. 她的房子就在附近。 There are good times around the corner (＝coming soon). 好时光很快就会来临。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The job market has changed and our approach to ________ (find) work must change as well. ②With the time for graduation ________ (approach) we are busy with our papers. 14. pick up拾起，拿起，捡起；(开车)接人；(偶然或无意间)学会；重新开始；继续；好转，恢复健康 ❶He drew on his gloves, picked up his umbrella and went out. 他戴上他的手套，拿起他的雨伞，出去了。 ❷I'll pick you up at the gate tomorrow morning. 我明天早晨在门口开车接你。 ❸I picked up some Spanish when I was living in Mexico. 我住在墨西哥时，偶然学会一些西班牙语。 ❹They won't let him out of hospital until his health has picked up quite a lot. 直到他的健康有很大好转，他们才会让他出院。 ❺We were able to pick up the BBC World Service. 我们能收到英国广播公司国际广播节目。 语境助记： The driver wanted to pick up the man picking up an English programme now but he picked up the book on the floor and went home on foot. 现在，这位司机想让那个正在收听英语节目的人上车，但是那个人拾起地上的一本书，步行回家了。 [即学即练]　写出下列句子中的pick up的汉语意思/完成句子 ①I've got to pick up my daughter from school at four o'clock. ________________ ②Here's a tip I picked up from my mother. ________________ ③We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction. ________________ ④Will you pick up all your toys？________________ ⑤Industrial production is beginning to pick up. ________________ ⑥今年销售额增长了14%。 Sales ________________ 14% this year. 15. frequency n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 (1)frequent adj. 经常发生的，频繁的 a frequent visitor 常客；熟客 (2)frequently adv. 经常地；频繁地 ❶Accidents have decreased in frequency over recent years. 近年来事故发生的频率已经下降。 ❷Her calls became less frequent. 她打电话的次数减少了。 ❸There are frequent contacts between the people of the two countries. 两国人民之间交往频繁。 ❹She asked for sick leave frequently during pregnancy. 怀孕期间她频繁地请病假。 特别提示： 表示频率从低到高的词分别是：never (从不)→seldom/rarely (几乎不)→occasionally (偶尔)→sometimes (有时候)→often/frequently (常常)→usually (通常)→always (总是) [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Only those people who use a kitchen ________ (frequent) understand the best way to lay it out. ②The tanks broke down with increasing ________ (frequent). ③妈妈时不时的鼓励让我下定决心勇敢地面对挑战。 Mum's ________________ made me determined to face the challenges bravely. 16. (教材P20)They sleep and drink milk in that temporary, protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old. 它们在这个暂时的安全港湾里睡觉和喝奶，直到长到七八个月大。 [句式分析]　本句中until引导时间状语从句 ①until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是肯定句时，其谓语动词通常是延续性动词，如stand, stay, talk, wait, last等，until从句表示主句动作终止的时间，until一般可译为“直到……时(为止)”。until作介词后跟名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在肯定句中时，用法与之相同。 ❶I waited until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 ❷To prepare for the mid­term exam，I went over the lessons until I couldn't keep my eyes open last night. 为了准备期中考试，我昨晚复习功课复习到睁不开眼睛。 ❸The rain lasted until yesterday. 这场雨一直持续到昨天。 ②until作连词引导时间状语从句，当主句是否定句时，其谓语动词通常是非延续性动词，如open, start, leave, arrive, finish, stop等，until从句强调主句动作开始的时间，一般可译为“直到……才……”或“直到……之前(还不……)”。until作介词后接名词(短语)构成时间状语，用在否定句中时，用法与之相同。 ❹I didn't leave the boy until his mother showed up. 直到这个男孩的母亲出现，我才离开。 ❺Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 ❻I didn't manage to do it until you had explained the steps. 直到你解释这些步骤后，我才会做。 ③当Not until位于句首时，主句/句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until＋从句/时间名词(短语)＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋(主句)主语＋谓语＋其他成分。 ❼Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking. 直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。 ❽Not until next month will the sports meet be held. 运动会要下个月才开。 特别提示： till与until 在肯定句中指某个延续性动作或某种状态“持续到……时间为止，既可用till，也可用until”。 如①He kept studying English till/until the age of 35. 他学英语直到35岁(才结束)。 ②但在not . . . until句型中，习惯上只用until而不用till。 He didn't stop studying English until the age of 35. 直到35岁他才停止学英语。 [即学即练]　用until/till/not. . . until. . . 补全下列句子(可加入必要的助动词)/用倒装结构改写句子 ①Will the fish keep fresh ________ tomorrow? ②She ________ go to bed ________ 11：00 pm last night. ③You can wait here ________ help comes. ④I ________ notice it ________ he told me. ⑤I had not realised he was my teacher until he took off his sunglasses. ________________________________________________________________________ 17. (教材P21)While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology. 虽然它可能像鸟一样在巢里下蛋，但它确实是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特征。 [句式分析]　本句中while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……但是……”，多放于句首。 while作连词时的主要用法： (1)“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句 (2)“但是；可是”，表示对比 (3)“虽然；尽管”，表示转折 ❶While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside. 玛丽写信时，孩子们在外面玩耍。 ❷While they were just children, they made contributions to the environmental protection. 尽管只是些小孩，但他们为环境保护作出了贡献。 ❸Some people live in plenty, while others haven't enough to eat. 一些人过着丰衣足食的生活，而另一些人却吃不饱。 知识拓展： while与when及as之间的区别 1. 当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时，我们可以用while, when或as。 2. 当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时，不可用while。 3. 当如果谈论两个长动作，最常用的是while。 18. 如果表示两个短动作或事情同时发生，最常用的是as，也可用when。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①她虽然是个可爱的女孩，但有时却极难与其共事。 ________________________， she can be extremely difficult to work with. ②我在做饭时，孩子们都在做作业。 ________________________， the children were doing their homework. ③他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。 He likes playing basketball, ________________________. 【答案】 1. ①founder　②foundation 2. ①was located　②on　③location 3. ①referring　②refer　reference　③reference　④refer to　⑤Referred to as 4. ①impression　②impressive　③by/with　④on　⑤on/upon　⑥impression 5. ①On (the) one hand　on the other hand　②for one thing　for another 6. ①to; in　②to　③leader　④to believe　⑤leading　⑥leads 7. ①to quit　②Convinced　③convincing　④convinced　⑤of 8. ①since we last saw each other/we met last time　②he has dreamed/has been dreaming of travelling abroad 9. ①It is hoped that　②are said to have been buried　③It is predicted that　④It is expected 10. ①of/from；of　②for　③freedom　④We will try/take measures to keep the garden free of/from weeds this year. 　⑤Relaxation exercises can keep your body free of/from tension. 11. ①sponsored　②was sponsored；whose　③the/a；sponsored 12. ①to/among　②distributed　to/among　③distribution　④distributors 13. ①expression　②expressing　③expression　④expressions　⑤by　⑥herself 14. ①finding　②approaching 15. ①(开车)接人　②学会　③(便宜地)买到　④拾起　⑤好转　⑥have picked up 16. ①frequently　②frequently　③frequent encouragement 17. ①until/till　②didn't　until/till　③until/till　④didn't　until/till　⑤Not until he took off his sunglasses had I realised he was my teacher. 18. ①While she is a lovely girl　②While I was cooking　③while I like listening to music 第3节 应用与提升 语境实战 翻译提升 Ⅰ. 单词语境填空(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) 1. Bamboo is light because it is ________ (空心的). 2. As we know, best friends are the ________ (基础) of our life. 3. All other ________ (政治的) parties there have been completely banned. 4. I think that he's one of the most popular sculptors because he's such an ________ (标志性的) figure. 5. Before we discuss the ________ (联合的) practices, let me be clear about what the practices are. 6. Some ________ (屠夫) also kill animals for meat and to make foods such as sausages and meat pies. 7. If you describe a person or their behaviour as ________ (坦率的), you approve of them because they are honest and direct and do not try to hide their feelings. 8. They could campaign on the ________ (广告语) “We'll take less of your money. ” 【答案】 1. hollow　2. foundation　3. political　4. iconic　5. joint　6. butchers　7. straightforward　8. slogan Ⅱ. 词汇拓展单句填空。(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) 1. I am keen on politics，so I have a good knowledge of __________________ terms. In the future，I desire to be a __________________. (politics) 2. The unfair __________________ (distribute) of wealth has become a serious problem in some countries. 3. ①The headmaster declared that they would solve the problem of school __________________ (violent) as soon as possible. ②He seemed much fiercer this time and __________________ (violent) pushed the fence like mad. 4. ①To improve the study efficiency，we must reflect on what we have learnt __________________ (frequency). ②The __________________ (frequent) of Tom's visits to the licensed restaurant increased rapidly. 【答案】 1． political 2． politician 3． distribution 4． violence 5． violently 6． frequently 7． frequency III. 词块语法单句填空 pick up, feel at home, say goodbye to, be native to, a handful of 1. Most of the plants _________________________________ Brazil. 2. Robert dived into his pocket and took out _________________________________pennies. 3. They go out of their way to make me _________________________________. 4. I left in such a hurry that I didn't have time to _________________________________ you. 5. I am wondering whether you can ___________________ him ___________________ at the airport at your convenience. 【答案】 1． are native to 2． a handful of 3． feel at home 4． say goodbye to 5． pick 6． up IV. 重点句式仿写 1. 这个公园于2018年向公众开放，每年都会吸引很多游客。(动词­ed形式短语作状语) _________________________________the park attracts a lot of visitors each year. 2. 我最想说的是，我们应该尽力保护环境。(what引导主语从句) _________________________________ is that we should try our best to protect the environment. 3. 为了节约课堂时间，我们的老师要求我们学生在课堂上做一半练习。(动词不定式短语作目的状语) _________________________________our teacher asked us students to do half of the exercises in class. 【答案】 1． Opened to the public in 2018, 2． What I want to say most 3． To save class time, V. 课文语法填空。(Reading and Thinking部分) I had done some research before 1. ________ (travel) to Australia. Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to 2. ________ “down under”. On Oct. 1, I arrived in Sydney. My first 3. ________ (impress) of Australia were all about food. The influence of Asian cultures led 4. ________ the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese­inspired dim sim. On Oct. 3, my friend and I arrived in a town in Australia's Northern Territory. We were there 5. ________ (learn) about the life and customs of the Aborigines. To survive in this vast land on the ocean, the Aborigines had to be in close contact with 6. ________ (natural). Most of their musical instruments are 7. ________ (real) just sticks 8. ________ (find) on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. After being there for a while, my 9. ________ (big) impression of Australia is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures 10. ________ make up the nation. 【答案】 1. traveling　2. as　3. impressions　4. to　5. to learn　 6. nature　7. really　8. found　9. biggest　10. that 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$