Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 1. Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below. （P52） The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. Describe pictures of disasters Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 2) The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _____ were asleep. 3) The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything ____ they could find. 2. Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, or “/”. Then translate the sentences into Chinese. （P52） 1) Here are some of the people ______homes were destroyed by the typhoon. whose who that 这里一些人的房子被台风摧毁了。 剧烈震动的建筑物使所有熟睡的人都惊醒了。 第二天，人们在户外用他们能找到的任何东西搭起了庇护所。 5) The injured boy ________ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital. 4) Several days later, most of the buildings ____ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired. that 几天后，大部分被飓风毁坏的建筑物都修复了。 whose 那个受伤男孩的母亲在灾难中丧生，他被送去了医院。 6) The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by _____ she was rescued. whom 这名妇女给救助她的士兵写了一封感谢信。 7) Is this the young boy _____ saved several other students trapped under buildings? who 这就是把几个困在建筑物下面的学生解救出来的男孩吧？ 限定性定语从句句 二、引导定语从句的关联词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as 一、定义 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词。 关系副词：when, where, why 三、定语从句的位置 定语从句一般放在被修饰成分之后。 e.g. Football is a game that is liked by most boys. 先行词 定语从句 Do you know the man who spoke just now? Do you know the man? He spoke just now. １. 关系词 that I have read the newspaper which/that carries the important news. I showed him the letter (that/which) I received this morning. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. ２. I showed him the letter. I received it this morning. ３. Which baby is Jack? 穿红裤子的baby是Jack。 The baby is Jack. whose trousers are red Jack 房顶是棕色的房子是我的。 The house _________________ is mine. whose roof is brown My house Which house is mine? 1. Football is a game that is liked by most boys. 2. He is a teacher who/whom/that I like very much. 3. The building that/which stands near the river is our school. 4. Is this the book (that/which) she was looking for? that、which的基本用法 探究总结 （1）that既可指______也可指_____，which用来指_____。 （2）that、which在定语从句中都可作______、_____，作________ 时可省略。 人 物 物 主语 宾语 宾语 11 The person who lost the library book must pay for it. The actor (who/whom) you wanted to see didn't come. He is the doctor to whom your mother spoke. who、whom的基本用法 探究总结 （1）who用于指______，可作_______和_______，作宾语时可以省略。 （2）whom用于指____, 只作_______，在介词后指人时，只能用whom，且不能省略。 人 主语 宾语 宾语 人 12 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. we bought a house last week whose windows are made of wood. whose的基本用法 探究总结 whose可指____，也可指___，在定语从句中作_____。相当于先行词的所有格。 人 物 定语 13 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。 1.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. 3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the most delicious food (that) I have ever had. 5. 当先行词既包括人又包括物时。 6. 当主语是以who或者which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things that upset us. Who is the man that is reading over there. 宜用which不宜用that引导定语从句的情况 1. 非限制性定语从句只用which而不用that。 2. 当关系代词前有介词，只用which而不用that。 Football, which is an interesting game, is very popular all over the world. This is the house in which Lu Yao once lived. 宜用who不宜用that引导定语从句的情况 当先行词是指人的不定代词时，one，ones，anyone，none，all等。 2. 在there be结构中，先行词指人时。 3. 当先行词是people，he，those时。 All who heard the news were excited. There is a young lady who is in state of shock. Those who want to go sign your names here. 介词＋关系代词（which/whom) 在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，不可用that或who。先行词指物时用which,先行词指人时用whom。 2. 介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。 There comes the girl, for whom I have been waiting around an hour. I remember the day on which I settled in China. I remember the days during which I lived here. He handed me a pen with which I wrote down my name. I remember the month in which I stayed there. 2. 介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。 This is the book on which I spent 5 dollars. This is the book for which I paid 5 dollars. This is the book from which I learnt a lot. This is the book about which Tom often talks. 2. 介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。 My computer, without which I can't surf the Internet, crashed yesterday. The old man has two sons, both of whom are lawyers. 3. 介词可后移，此时关系代词可省略（省略时，介词必须后移）。 This is the man to whom you could turn for help. The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destroyed again in the big fire. This is the man (whom) you could turn to for help. She's the very person in whose bag I found my lost journal. 4. “名词／代词／数词＋of+关系代词”引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。 5. “介词＋whose”在定语从句中作定语，修饰其后的名词。 Practice time: fill in the blanks with who, which, that 1. This is the best film ______ I have seen. 2. She won the game, ________ made her excited. 3. The boy and the dog _______ are in the picture are very lovely. 4. He ______ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 5. The chair on ______ she sat is made of wood. that that which who which Practice 填入合适的关系词。 1.They planted some trees ________ didn’t need much water. 2.She is the girl _______________ lives next door. 3.That was the boy _______________ I met on the street yesterday. 4.This is the house ____________ window broke last night. 5.Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about? 6.I, Robot is the most exciting movie ___________ I’ve ever seen. that that/who that/who/whom whose that that 指代内容 所做成分 是否可省略 that which who whom whose 关系代词的用法 人；物 物 人 人 (人/物)的 主语,宾语 主语,宾语 主语,宾语 宾语 定语 作宾语可省 作宾语可省 作宾语可省 可省 不可省 关系代词 用法 1. 先行词为all， everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much等不定代词 2. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 3. 先行词既有人又有物 4. 先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the last，just，right等修饰 5. 先行词在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中 先行词是one，ones，anybody，anyone，all，none，those, people, he等 一般用that 而不用which 一般用who 不用that Comparison and appreciation A report about the typhoon: There was a typhoon in Huzhou. The typhoon was on Oct. 7th this year. It was a strong typhoon. It stayed in Zhejiang for a long time. It brought strong wind and heavy rain. It caused a lot of damage. There was a typhoon that/which attacked Huzhou on Oct. 7th this year. It was a strong typhoon which/that stayed in Zhejiang for a long time. It brought strong wind and heavy rain, which caused a lot of damage. homework $$