Unit 1 People of Achievement-【重难点手册】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT Section I Reading and Thinking 测试时间：25分钟 基础过关练 答案参见第163页 competitive for previously unavailable jobs. 一、单词拼写 8.(2022·全国新高考I阅读理解D·改 1.The article examines how the special 编) (分析)of a language (特征)of plastic can cause database also confirmed that there was a environmental problems. global change in the sound of world 2.Knowledge has become a (关 languages after the Neolithic age. 键性的)factor in the progress of a 9.(2021·全国新高考I·改编)They country. decided to (煮)the porridge 3.It is necessary for every one of us to first. have an (客观的)attitude 10.(2022·浙江高考语法填空·改编)For towards life. example,roughly 200 (学 4.(2022·全国乙卷阅读理解C·改编) )-many of them climate scientists They could do precisely the same thing to have promised to fly as little as possible inspect railway lines and other v since the effort started two years ago. aspects of rail infrastructure such as the 二、单句语法填空 correct position of railway tracks and 1.(2021·天津高考·改编)But such switching points. (commit)can also weaken a 5.It is widely (承认)that sense of freedom. students should be evaluated in terms 2.(2021·全国新高考I·改编)We hope of overall quality. that such attention will excite a greater 6.There's absolutely no regulation of interest in the (science)and cigarettes to make sure that they don't scholarly study of emotion. include poisonous s 3.(经典题·全国高考I·改编)A build- 7.After o a specific college it-yourself solar still is one of the best degree,a job applicant can be ways (obtain)drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily 10.(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ阅读理解C·改 available. 编)So to try to change a 4.(经典题·北京高考·改编)Making (distinct)modern behavior,lawmakers good choices about your own health and public health experts are reaching requires reasonable (evaluate). back to an old approach. 5.(2018·天津高考·改编)Being the 三、短语填空 coach of the new team,I was excited by chance,insist on,lead to,test on, because I knew we were going to win. draw out,make a discovery,get stuck, but to my disappointment we be acknowledged as,commit ..to ... (defeat). with the objective of 6.(2022·浙江高考读后续写·改编) 1.In science,it is important to be the first Above all,I hoped he wouldn't assign person to me to work with the fiercely 2.The new system may be more economic competitive,extremely serious fellow but will a decline in program who always wore dark clothes and quality. apparent)had a personality 3.Although we have met I can to match. 7.(2022·全国乙卷完形填空·改编) see you are a very good girl with a clear They simply insist mutual(相 purpose in life. 互的)recognition and regard, 4.If you doing something,do it 8.(经典题·浙江高考·改编)The idea is every day and you can make it. that white coats are associated with 5.I haven't any cash with me and I'd like scientists,who are in turn thought to some money from the have close attention to ATM nearby. detail. 6.The study's participants were 9.(2019·天津高考·改编) science,maths,English and mechanical graduating from high school,I designed abilities. a website,www.cuddlebuddies.net,to 7.I was eating a turkey sandwich and the promote the project. food just in my throat. 2 8.They themselves 测试时间：8分钟 乃综合提能练 答案参见第163页 studying harder than before. 五、阅读理解 9.The fund was formed in 1966, (2021·浙江6月高考)Leslie offering more loan to students. Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one, 10.The fierce lion king of all the but he had one particular shining star in collected beasts. 四、单句写作 his life-his uncle,who was a well-known 1.你的肢体语言是沟通的关键，所以正确 actor.The admiration and respect his 的手势和姿势在我们的日常生活中起着 uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a 至关重要的作用。 career(职业)in acting.Even though he Your body language often felt he would be discovered to be a communication,so no-talent,he moved forward,gaining a proper gestures and postures scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse our daily life. and making his first television appearance a (key;vital/crucial) few years later in 1948.However,becoming 2.据报道，这本书已被翻译成多种语言。 a full-time,successful actor would still be an The book uphill battle for another eight years until he into many languages.(report) landed a number of film roles that finally got 3.乔被公认为是今年的最佳篮球运动员。 him noticed. Joe But even then,what he had wasn't the best basketball player of the year. quite what he wanted.Nielsen always felt (acknowledge) he should be doing comedy but his good 4.一接到电话，他就从床上跳了起来，匆忙 looks and distinguished voice kept him 出去了。 busy in dramatic roles.It wasn't until ,he 1980-32 years into his career-that he jumped out of the bed and hurried out. landed the role it would seem he was made (“upon/on.”的用法) for in Airplane!That movie led him into 5.我很荣幸被邀请在这次会议上发言。 the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a to speak at the meeting.(honour) movie a financial success even when movie 3 reviewers would not rate it highly. 1.Why did Nielsen want to be an actor? Did Nielsen then feel content in his A.He enjoyed watching movies. career?Yes and no.He was thrilled to be B.He was eager to earn money. doing the comedy that he always felt he C.He wanted to be like his uncle. should do,but even during his last few D.He felt he was good at acting. years,he always had a sense of curiosity, 2.What do we know about Nielsen in the wondering what new role or challenge second half of his career? might be just around the corner.He never A.He directed some high quality movies. stopped working,never retired. B.He avoided taking on new challenges. Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is C.He focused on playing dramatic roles. wonderfully inspiring.He built a hugely D.He became a successful comedy actor. successful career with little more than 3.What does Nielsen's career story tell us? plain old hard work and determination. A.Art is long;life is short. He showed us that even a single desire, B.He who laughs last laughs longest. never given up on,can make for a C.It's never too late to learn. remarkable life. D.Where there's a will,there's a way. Section II Learning About Language 测试时间：25分钟 基础过关练 答案参见第164页 desires. 4.(2022·浙江高考阅读理解B·改编) 一、单词拼写 Klein,a noted historian of technology, 1.They came to the (结论)that spins a narrative so lively that at times not all things can be done by a it reads like a (小说). computer. 2.The criminals can not escape the net of 5.(2021·北京高考·玫编)We've justice even if they (逃跑)to programmed it to match an atomic clock the remotest corners of the earth. if the waterways continue to 3.Whatever our (状况)are,we (流动)at their present rate. generally still have dreams,hopes and 6.Be sure to review everything in the section,including tables,graphs,and novel),I've found a new (图表). relationship with libraries. 二、单句语法填空 三、语法专练（用适当的关系代词或关系副词 l.(2o19·全国高考Ⅱ)Remember that 填空) goals are flexible.They can change 1.(2020·全国高考Ⅱ·玫编)Thank you according to (circumstance). for your letter, really made 2.(20l9·全国高考I)They rose in the me happy. ranks not by being friendly by 2.(2020·天津高考·改编)Dr.Rowan, smoking cigarettes,breaking rules and secretary resigned two weeks playing jokes on others,among whom I ago,has had to do all his own typing. soon found myself. 3.(2020·天津高考·改编)Mr.Smith 3.(2021·江苏常州高二期中) owned this oil painting until the early no circumstances should we seek 1990s. he gave it to his temporary economic development at the grandson. expense of the environment and natural 4.(2022·北京高考语法填空·玫编)That resources. includes cups,bottles,and bags,most 4.When Linda got home, of are only good for one use. suddenly struck her that she had left 5.(2022·全国甲卷语法填空·改编)The her schoolbag in the bus. man Cao Shengkang, lost his 5.This kind of cloth washes well,irons eyesight at the age of eight in a car easily and (wear)long. accident,crossed 40 cities and counties 6.My fence (tear)down in the in three province. storm,so I need to put up a new one. 6.(2021·全国新高考I·改编)Rome can 7.(2019·天津高考·改编)What be pricey for travelers, is why (conclude)can be drawn from many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). the examples in paragraph 4? 7.(2019·全国高考Ⅲ·改编)Productions 8.(2020·天津高考·改编)Embarrassed, and the Great Griffon present the play as usual,I (flee)the scene. by Rajiv Joseph,in an origami 9.(2020·全国高考Ⅱ·改编)Asa artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio 8.(2020·天津高考·改编)Mathematical (not…but.) models have also revealed that food webs 5.我绝对不会接受你的无理要求。 may be unstable, small changes of top predators can lead to big effects your unreasonable request.(circumstance) 测试时间：15分钟 throughout entire ecosystems. B综合提能练 答案参见第165页 9.(2019·江苏高考·改编)Melissa,.his 五、语法填空 daughter,felt it more than worthwhile (2021·浙江6月高考)It doesn't to save his music,to she fell impress like George Washington's plantation asleep each night when she was young. on the Potomac,but Lincoln's home in 10.(2019·浙江高考·改编) downtown Springfield,Illinois, 1 you can imagine,the trip is no piece of (prove)irresistible to visitors since it opened cake. to the public.Beautifully restored(修复)to 四、单句写作 its 1860 appearance,the house was Abraham 1.我认为这条廉价的地毯经不起太多次的 and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years.In 磨损。 1844 they bought it 2 $1,200 and I don't think this cheap carpet will some land from Charles Dresser,who (stand) performed their 3 (marry)ceremony 2.从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些 in1842. 结论。 When the house was built,it was We can safely much 4 small)than it is today. from our discussion. Mary's niece wrote,"The little home (conclusion) 5 (paint)white.It was sweet and 3.我突然想到我可以把书捐给慈善机构 fresh.Mary loved it.She was extremely (charity)。 pretty,and her house was a reflection of 6 (she),everything in good taste and (It strikes sb.that ... in perfect order. 4.贫困国家最需要的不是钱而是先进的 Although Mary loved flowers,7 技术。 she nor her husband was known as a 6 gardener.A long-time neighbor said they together so they are parallel with the edge never planted trees and only kept a garden of the table in front of you.2. for one year.Mary's sister,Frances Todd Hands or Utensils(餐具) Wallace,often came over 8 (plant) In India and the Middle East,it's flowers in the front yard. considered very rude to eat with your left 9 Lincolns enlarged the house to hand.People in France expect you to eat a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs with a utensil in each hand.3, of their growing family.Three of the four instead preferring to use their hands.In Lincoln sons were born here.After Chile,you may never touch any food with Lincoln was elected President of the US in your fingers.People in Thailand generally 1861,they rented the house and 10 use their forks only to push food onto (sell)most of their furniture. their spoons. 1. 2. 3. Making Requests 4. 5. 6. 4 In Portugal,this would be a 7. 8. 9. serious mistake,because it shows the chef 10. that you don't like their seasoning skills. 六、阅读理解七选五 Similarly,in Italy,never ask for extra (2022·全国甲卷) cheese to add to your food. Important Things to Know Some of these cultural dining When Dining Out etiquette rules may seem random and Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) strange,but they are important in various might surprise you with some of its countries. important rules.1.Knowing some 5,the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family-no practices. matter where you are in the world. A.The more friends you make in your Chopstick Rules lifetime The way you handle chopsticks is B. The more time you spend in any given important to avoid annoying your country companions.When you put them down C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to between bites,always put them down eat with utensils D.Don't get caught making an or cross them as you use them embarrassing mistake at a restaurant G.It may seem like a simple request to E.It's a good sign for the chef if you ask for salt and pepper at a meal make a mess around your plate 2. 3. F.Never stick them upright in your food 5. SectionⅢ Using Language Assessing Your Progress 测试时问：25分钟 基础过关练 答案参见第166页 gradual from 800 people to 8 million. 一、单词拼写 6.(2022·浙江高考语法填空·改编)Kim 1.(2020·江苏高考·改编)Then,on Cobb,a (教授)at the two separate morning visits to the scientists'lab,each man walked for an Georgia Institute of Technology in hour at an average speed that,in Atlanta,is one of a small but growing (理论)should allow his body minority of academics who are cutting to rely mainly on fat for fuel. back on their air travel because of 2.(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ阅读理解C·玫 climate change. )An idea from lawmakers in New 7.(2021·天津3月高考·改编)Things are York is to give police officers a new connected.Let your expertise in one field (设备)called the Textalyzer. fuel your (热情)in all related 3.(2021·上海宝山区模考)Entrepreneurs areas. (企业家)need to be creative people who 8.(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ七选五·改编) are able to find solutions to problems they The next technique is to write your e (大量的)personal (草案)rapidly without 4.I've read development books and this one by far worrying about being perfect. has had the greatest impact on my life. 9.I'm going to apply for a (专 5.(2018·全国高考Ⅲ·改编)(Over300 利)，butI'm not sure how to prepare years its population grew the application. 8 10.(2022·全国甲卷阅读理解C·改编) 6.(经典题·天津高考·改编)1 These (温柔的)，lovely encounter many hikers who were gatekeepers welcomed her and kick- headed to a distant camp-ground with started what was to be a trip Ginni just enough time to get there before would never forget. dark. 二、单句语法填空 7.(经典题·湖南高考·改编)1tis 1.(2019·北京高考·改编)Although she important to remember that success is (found)her company early on sum of small efforts made in life,she wasn't driven primarily by each day and often takes years to profit. achieve. 2.(2019·天津高考·改编)The captain of 8.(经典题·浙江高考·改编)This isn'tas the ship was advised to turn back due hard as it sounds,and it is far better than a sudden heavy storm. any other method because you improve 3.(经典题·全国高考I·改编)Since your vocabulary while (read)an 1962,Pacific Science Center has been interesting piece of literature. inspiring a passion discovery 9.(2022·浙江高考完形填空·改编)He and lifelong learning in science,math throws his arms and legs out as if he and technology. (be)flying. 4.(经典题·福建高考·改编)Against 10.(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ阅读理解D· this background,the fact that there is 改编)After two years,the second an argument within the government group saw remark over whether to publish an official improvements in heart health. report on wind farms'impact on the 三、短语填空（有两项多余） countryside becomes even come to power, take up a position, (extraordinary). mistake for,in power,as a consequence, 5.(2019·江苏高考·改编)This led to an pass away,sum up,as a result of unexpected consequent ) 1.After the Nazis in Germany, though she had a wonderful time there. many scientists left the country. 2.She worked hard at her lessons and 4.当他苏醒过来时，他发现自己被一群 got high marks. 孩包围了。 3.I don't want this gesture to an When he came to himself,he indication that I'm impolite to you. a group of boys. 4.He left the career in teaching to 5.我成功地在众多候选人中脱颖而出，成 为唯一一个通过测试的人。 in an export company. 5.On hearing the news that the king among the candidates and survive the the whole country was in deep test alone.(stand) sorrow. 刚试时网：12分钟 乃综合提能练 答案参见第167页 6.The teacher told us to the story in one or two sentences 五、完形填空 四、单句写作 (2023·山东淄博高二月考)A1 ittle 1.你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率。 boy almost considered himself as the most It is necessary for you unfortunate child in the world because a constantly and terrible illness made his leg lame () played with his classmates; improve the efficiency of your work. He 1 when the teacher asked him to answer (sum) questions,he always 2 his head 2.由于努力学习，他在昨天的英语竞赛中 without a word. 得了满分。 One spring,the boy's father got some he saplings(树苗)and told his3to got full marks in the English contest plant one each person.The father also yesterday.(consequence) 4 to buy a favourite gift for whoever 3.杰克什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好 grew best.The boy also wanted to get his 像他做了件很聪明的事情一样。 father's 5.But seeing his brothers Jack didn't say anything,but the teacher and sisters carry water actively,he lost smiled at him 6.So after watering it once or twice, very clever.(as though) he never 7 it. 10参考答案与解析 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 6. apparently 句意;最重要的是,我希望他不要把 我分配给那个争强好胜、极其严肃的家伙,他总 是穿着深色衣服,显然有与之相配的个性。 Section I Reading and Thinking 7. on 句意:他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。 一、单词拼写 insiston为固定搭配,意为“坚决要求;坚持”。 1. properties 2. crucial 3. objective 8. tohave 句意:这种观点认为,白大与科学家 4. vital 句意:他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查 有关,反过来科学家又被认为对细节非常关注。 铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面,如铁 be thought to do sth.意为“被认为做某事” 路轨道和换乘点的正确位置 9. Upon/On 句意;高中一毕业,我就设计了一个 1 6. substances 5. acknowledged 7. obtaining 网站(uuu,cuddlebuddies.net)来推广这个项目 8. Analyses 句意:对语言数据库的分析也证实 upon/on在此处意为.....就...”。 新石器时代之后,世界语言的声音发生了全球性 10. distinctly 句意:因此,为了试图改变一种明显 的变化。 的现代行为,立法者和公共卫生专家正在回到 9. boil 旧的方法。此处为副词修饰形容词。 10. academics 句意:例如,大约200名学者其 三、短语填空 1. make a discovery 中许多是气候科学家承诺自两年前开始这项工 2. lead to 作以来,尽可能少地乘坐飞机 3. by chance 4. insist on 二、单句语法填空 5. draw out 6. tested on 1. commitment 句意:但这种承诺也会削弱自由感。 7. got stuck 8. committed; to 2. scientific 句意:我们希望这种关注将激发人们 9. with the objective of 对情感科学和学术研究更大的兴趣。 10. is acknowledged as 3. toobtain 句意:在不易获得水的地区自行建造 四、单句写作 太阳能蒸器仍是获得饮用水的最佳途径之一 1. is the key to; play a vital crucial role/part in the waytodosth.意为“做.....的方式”,不定式 2. is reported to have been translated 作定语。 3. is generally/widely acknowledged as'to be 4. evaluation 句意:对自己的健康做出正确的选 4. Upon/On receiving the phone call 择需要合理的评估。 5. It is a great honour for me to be invited 5. weredefeated 句意:作为新球队的教练,我很 五、阅读理解 【语篇导读】 兴奋,因为我知道我们会赢,但令我失望的是,我 1 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述 们输了。主语we与defeat之间为被动关系,且 了演员LeslieNielsen通过自己不懈的努力和坚定 根据前文wasexcited以及knew可知,该句讲述 的信念,成就了自己的演艺之路。 的是过去的事情,故应使用一般过去时的被动 1. C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The 语态。 admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired 163 Nielsen to make a career in acting.”可知,叔叔是 在此处为不及物动词,意为“磨损”,与long连用, Nielsen的榜样,激励着他也想从事演艺事业,故 表示主语自身的属性,用主动形式表示被动关 选C项。 系。根据句中其他谓语动词washes、irons可知 2. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Tha 时态应为一般现在时。 movie led him into the second half of his career 6. wastorn 句意:我的篱色在暴风雨中被拆毁了 where his comedic presence alone could make a 所以我需要搭建个新的。teardown意为“拆毁”. movie highly.”可知,在Nielsen的演艺生涯后 与主语之间为被动关系,由语境可知应用一般过 半段,他的喜剧天赋得到了充分的展示,并获得 去时,故填was torn。 了认可,故选D项。 7. conclusion 句意:从第4段中的例子可以得出 3. D 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段可知,通过 什么结论? 自己不懈地努力和坚定的信念,Nielsen的演艺 8. fled 句意:我感到尴尬,像往常一样逃离了 事业获得了成功。这正应了那句老话“有志者, 现场。 事竟成”,故选D项。A项表示“人生短暂,艺术 9. novelist 句意;作为一个小说家,我已经发现了 长存”:B项表示“笑到最后的人笑得最好”:C项 与图书馆的新关系。 表示“活到老,学到老”,均不符合题意。 三、语法专练 Section II Learning About Language 1. which 在非限制性定语从句中,指代前面的事 一、单词拼写 物,且在从句中作主语,关系代词只能用which 2. flee 2. whose secretary与Dr.Rowan之间有所属关 1. conclusion 3. circumstances 系,所以应该填whose,引导非限制性定语从句. 4. novel 句意:克莱因是一位著名的科技历史学 家,他的叙述非常生动,有时读起来就像一本 在从句中作定语。 3. when 小说。 句意:史密斯先生拥有这幅油画,直到 5. flow 6. charts 20世纪90年代初,他把它给了他的孙子。这是 二、单句语法填空 一个含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句,从句 句意:记住:目标是灵活的。它 1. circumstances 缺少时间状语,因此用when引导定语从句,修饰 们可以根据情况改变。circumstance是可数名 先行词the early 1990s. 4. which 句意:这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子,其中大 词,根据该句语境可确定应使用复数形式 2. but 句意:他们的地位提高不是靠友好,而是靠抽 多数(东西)只有一种用途。先行词为cups 烟、破坏规矩和嘲笑别人,我很快就发现自已是他 bottles:andbags:在从句中作介词of的宾语,此 们中的一员了。“not...but...”意为“不是...... 处用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。 而是....”. 5. who 句意:曹生康,他8岁因车祸失明,但游历 3. Under/In 句意;我们决不应该为了获得暂时的 了3个省的40个市县。 经济发展而以牺牲环境和自然资源为代价 6. which句意;对于游客来说,罗马的旅行开销可 4. it 句意;当琳达回到家里,她突然想起她把书 能很大,这就是许多人选择住旅行社的原因。 包落在公共汽车上了。 which引导非限制性定语从句,whymanychoose 5. wears 句意:这种布料耐洗、易熨烫、耐磨。wear to stay inahostel是why引导的表语从句。 164 7. which句意;《制作和伟大的格里芬》呈现的是 价格买下了这座房子”,故空处填介词for。 拉直夫·约瑟夫的戏剧,在剧中,一个折纸艺术 3. marriage 考查名词。此处考查常用表达 家邀请一个天才少年和他的老师到她的工作室。 marriageceremony,意为“结婚典礼”,故空处需 在非限制性定语从句中,介词in后接宾语。从 要填marriage。 句的先行词为theplay,关系词在从句中充当介 4. smaller 考查形容词的比较级。根据空后面的 词in的宾语,指物。 than可知,空处需要用到形容词的比较级,目空 8. where 句意:数学模型也揭示了食物网可能是 前的much亦可修饰比较级,故空处应该填 不稳定的,在食物网中,顶部捕食者的微小变化 smaller。 都可能对整个生态系统造成巨大影响。定语从 5. waspainted 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析 句的先行词为foodwebs,关系词在从句中作地 句子结构可知,空处在本句中作谓语,结合语境 点状语。 可知,此处是林肯夫人的外甥女的回忆,时态需 9. which 句意:他的女儿梅丽莎觉得挽救他的音 要用到一般过去时;“房子被粉刷成白色”表明此 乐是非常值得的,(因为)她小时候每天晚上都是 处应用被动语态;主语The littlehome为第三人 伴着他的音乐入睡的。非限制性定语从句的先 称单数,故空处需要填waspainted 行词为music,关系词在从句中作介词to的 6. herself 考查代词。结合语意“她很漂亮,她的 宾语。 房子就是她本人的写照”可知,此处需要用到反 10. As 句意:正如你可以想象的那样,这次旅行 身代词,故空处需要填herself 不是一件简单的事。设空处意为“正如”,应用 7. neither 考查固定搭配。此处考查固定搭配 as引导非限制性定语从句。 “neither...nor....意为“既不......也不......”.故空 四、单句写作 处需要填neither. 1. stand up to much wear and tear 8. toplant 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“玛丽的 2. come to/ arrive at reach'draw some conclusions 姐姐FrancesToddWallace经常来访,在前院种 3. It struck me that I could donate the books to 花”,故此处为目的状语,故空处需要填toplant。 charities. 9. The 考查冠词。“The十姓氏复数”表示某某夫 4. What poor countries need most is not money but 妇或某某一家,此处表示“为了满足日益增大的 advanced technology. 家庭的需要,林肯夫妇在1856年将房子扩建成 5. Under/In no cireumstances will I accep 了两层”,故空处需要填The。 五、语法填空 10. sold 考查时态。分析句子结构可知,空处与 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述 and前面的动词rented构成并列关系,同作本 了林肯故居初建时的概况及其之后的发展过程。 句的谓语,且都讲述1861年林肯当选总统之后 1. has proved./has proven 考查时态、语态和主谓 的事情,因此空处需要填sold 一致。分析句子结构可知,空处在本句中作谓 六、阅读理解七选五 语,结合空后的时间状语从句可知,本句时态需 【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了在不同国家就餐时 要用到现在完成时;prove在此处为系动词,不用 需要注意的一些事情,如餐具的使用、如何发出请 被动语态;主语Lincoln'shome为第三人称单 求等。 数,故空处应该填has proved/hasproven。 1. D 空前一句讲到了“与文化有关的用餐礼仪中 2. for 考查介词。此处表示“他们以1200美元的 的一些重要规则可能会让你大为惊讶”,空后一 165 句则讲到了“知道一些跨门儿有助于确保你用餐 心是否完美. 愉快”。因此,空处讲到的应该是不要让人发现你 9. patent 10. gentle 在餐馆犯下令人难堪的错误,故D项符合语境 句意:这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎她的 2. F 结合常识可以判断,F项“Never stick them 到来,开启了金婉永远不会忘记的旅行 upright in your food or cross them as you use 二、单句语法填空 them”中的三个“them”指的都是chopsticks,且F项 1. founded 句意:虽然她很早就创立了自己的公 讲到的是筷子礼仪,符合本段主题 司,但她的主要动力不是利润。根据主句的一般 3. C 结合空前的"In India and the Middle East ... 过去时可知从句讲述的是过去的事情。 in France... hand”和空后的“InChile ... their 2. to 句意;由于突如其来的暴风雨,船长被建议 spoons”可知,空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的 掉头返航。dueto意为“由于;因为” 风俗,选项中符合语境的只有C项,且C项与空 3. for 句意;自1962年以来,太平洋科学中心一直 后的"instead preferring to use their hands”形成 致力于科学、数学和技术领域的发现和终身学 对比,故C项符合语境。 习。“apassionfor...”意为“对......的激情” 4. G 结合小标题“MakingRequests”可知,本段主 4. more extraordinary 句意:在这种背景下,政府 要讲到了在就餐时发出请求,G项的“asimple 内部就是否发布一份关于风力发电场对农村影 request”符合语境,且是空后一句中的“this”指 代的内容,故选G项。 响的官方报告存在争议,这一事实甚至变得更加 5. B 根据空后的“the more comfortable ... 不同寻常。空格前的even是程度副词,用来修 饰比较级。 practices”可知,此处是固定句型“the十比较级, 5. consequence the十比较级”,由此锁定选项A和B。结合语境 句意:尽管她在那里过得很愉快,但 可知,你在特定的国家待的时间越长,你就会对 还是导致了意想不到的结果。形容词unexpected 它的文化习俗越感到自在,故B项符合语境。 修饰名词consequence. 6. encountered 句意:我遇到了许多徒步旅行者, Section II Using Language & Assessing 他们正前往一个遥远的营地,且刚好有足够的时 Your Progress 间在天黑之前到达那里。由句中的wereheaded 可知encounter发生在过去。 一、单词拼写 1. theory 7. a 句意:重要的是,要记住成功是每天做出的小 句意:纽约立法者的一个想法是给警察 2. device 努力的总和,往往需要几年才能实现。 8. reading 句意:这并不像听起来那么难,它比其 一种名为文本分析仪的新设备。 5. gradually 3. encounter 4. numerous 他任何方法都要好得多,因为你可以在阅读有趣 6. professor;句意:亚特兰大佐治亚理工学院的教 的文学作品的同时增加你的词汇量。while后接 授金·科布是因气候变化而减少航空旅行的少 时间状语,状语中动作read与句子主语you之 数学者之一,这一群体人数不多,但正在不断 间是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作状语。 增加。 9. were 句意:他伸出胳膊和腿,好像在飞。 7. passions 10. remarkable句意:两年后,第二组的心脏健康 8. draft 句意:下一个技巧是快速写草案,不要担 状况有了显著改善。 166 三、短语填空 姐姐们那么积极地抬水,而他的脚却不方便,于 1. came to power 2. as a consequence 是他就失去信心了。loseheart意为“失去信 4. take up a position 3. be mistaken for 心”。故选C项。 6. sum up 5. passed away 7. A 根据"he lost . So after watering it once 四、单句写作 ortwice”可知,在浇了一两次水之后(浇水的目 1. to sum up your experience 的是照顾树苗),他便不再照顾它了。故选 2. As a consequence of hard work A项。 3. as though he had done something 8. D 根据空后的“itappearedgreener and 4. found himself surrounded by stronger than his sisters'and brothers'”可知,他 5. I managed to stand out 很少照料的树看起来比姐姐和哥哥们的树还要 五、完形填空 绿和强壮,因此他感到很惊讶。故选D项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述 9. C 根据语境可知,他的父亲遵守了诺言。keep 了种树的经历让罗斯福改变了面对生活的态度,最 one'spromise意为“遵守诺言”。故选C项。 终成为美国总统。文章告诉我们:爱是生命最好的 10. A 根据下文的“Decades passed. The little boy 营养。 didn't becomeabotanist.”可知,父亲告诉孩子当 1. B 根据上句“A little boy almost considered 他长大的时候他一定会成为一名出色的植物学 himself as the most unfortunate child in the 家。故选A项。 world because a terrible illness made his leg 11. B 根据上文的"when the teacher asked him to lame.”可知,一个小孩因为腿痪而认为自己是世 answer questions, he always his head 界上最不幸的孩子,这使他自卑,很少和同学一 withoutaword.”可知,男孩自从得到鼓励后,慢 起玩。故选B项。 慢变得乐观起来,这与开头悲观的情绪形成对 2. A 根据上文可知小男孩很自卑,再由空后的 比。故选B项。 “his headwithouta word"可知,当老师向他提问 12. D 根据空后的“Plants generally grow at 的时候,他总是低着头一言不发。故选A项。 night”可知,植物通常在晚上生长,这是关于生 3. C 根据空后的"to plant one each person”和后 物的知识,所以应该是生物老师说的。故选 文的“But seeing his brothers and sisters”可知. D项。 13.A 这位父亲告诉他的孩子们每人种一棵。故选 根据空后的“under his tree witha big C项。 spoon”和下句的“his father had been secretly 4. B 根据下文的“His father his promise”可 wateringhissmalltree”可知,当他来到院子里 知,这位父亲还做出了承诺,给种得最好的那个 时,他看到父亲正在树下用大勺子干活。故选 孩子买礼物。故选B项。 A项。 5. A 根据上句“The father also to buy a 14. B 根据全文可知是父亲对罗斯福的爱帮助他 favourite gift for whoever grewbest."可知,父亲 成长。故选B项。 答应给种得最好的孩子买礼物,这个男孩也想要 15. D 根据上文的“his father had been secretly 礼物。故选A项。 wateringhissmalltree”可知,此处与上文相照 6. C 根据空前的“But seeing his brothers and 应,表示即使只是一勺水,它也能让生命之树充 sisters carrywater actively”可知,当看到哥哥和 满活力。故选D项。 167