2025年中考英语复习阅读理解专项集训：杰出人物

2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之杰出人物 一．阅读理解（共15小题） 1．（2024•乌兰浩特市模拟）Do you know Su Bingtian？He is a Chinese runner.He was born in Zhongshan City，Guangdong Province on August 20th，1989. Known as China's fastest man，Su Bingtian made history and brought an unforgettable moment to the world in the summer of 2021.On Aug 1，Su set a new record of 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics Men's 100 m semifinals（半决 赛），which made him the first Chinese runner to enter the event's final round. For a long time，some people thought that Asian people were not physically built for sprinting（短跑）.Su's success shows it's not true. However，it was not easy for Su to succeed.Because of being hurt，Su had to stop running for several years.Later，he came back to the track（ 跑道）and trained even harder than before. He realized that finishing the semifinal in less than 10 seconds would earn him a chance to enter the final competition.To encourage himself，Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds in 2012.He even made this number his password for his phone and computer.Luckily，his efforts paid off. On March 3rd，2022，he was honored （授予…荣誉） in annual Touching China awards. "I am so proud of my result.I can write my name into history now and I will work harder and run faster.I hope my performance today will encourage more people." Now let's congratulate to Su Bingtian!We hope Su Bingtian will have a better future and good luck to him! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （1）Why can we say Su Bingtian write his name into history？ 　 　 A．Because he won the gold medal of Tokyo Olympics. B．Because he was the first Chinese runner to enter the Men's 100 m final round of Olympics. C．Because he showed his success to the whole world. D．Because he is the fastest man in the world. （2）Which one is the correct order about Su Bingtian？ 　 　 ①He was honored in annual Touching China awards. ②He set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds. ③He was born in Zhongshan，Guangdong. ④He set a new record of 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics Men's 100 m semifinals. A．③②④① B．③①④② C．③④②① D．③②①④ （3）What's the meaning of the underlined phrase "paid off" in Para.5？ 　 　 A．付钱 B．还清 C．获得回报 D．盈利 （4）What can we learn from Su Bingtian's story？ 　 　 A．No pains，no gains. B．Failure is the mother of success. C．The early bird catches the worm. D．A good beginning is half done. （5）Where can we most probably find the passage？ 　 　 A．In a storybook. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a health report. D．In a P.E.magazine. 2．（2024•秦淮区三模）Characters﹣Editor，Doctor，Scientist，Journalist，Traveller Scene 9 The men sit down with drinks，and the time traveller tells his amazing story． Traveller：The time machine took me 150 years into the future．The word was…is …a very different place．There was two races（种类）of creatures：the Eloi and Morlocks．The Eloi are small，gentle creatures﹣people who lead peaceful lives．They do not work but play games，eat food，and sleep．They are afraid of dark． Scientist：And the Morlocks？ Traveller：These are ape﹣like（似猿的）creatures who live underground．They are afraid of the light．They have machines．They provide the Eloi with everything they need． Doctor：So the Morlocks are the Eloi's slaves（奴隶）？ Traveller：Sadly，that is not so．The Eloi are the Morlock's cattle（牲畜）．The Morlocks feed them and raise took them for food． Editor：That is awful．How did the Eloi allow this to happen． Traveller：They became lazy．At first，they allowed the Morlocks to provide them with everything they needed． Journalist：Then，they slowly lost all their skills． Traveller：Exactly．As the years passed，they became more and more dependent（依赖的） on the Morlocks．Finally，they could not take care of themselves．Then，the Morlocks took control them． Editor：There is a lesson for us in this． Scientist：Only if his strange story is true． （1）When may the traveller's story happen？ 　 　 A．In the past． B．At present． C．In the future． D．He didn't tell us． （2）Which of the following is TRUE？ 　 　 A．The Eloi are afraid of the light． B．The Morlocks raise the Eloi for food． C．The Eloi could take care of themselves． D．The Morlocks live a happy life without working． （3）What did the traveller think of the Eloi？ 　 　 A．Clever B．Hardworking C．Creative D．Lazy （4）Why did the scientist say"Only if his strange story is true．"？ 　 　 A．He felt sorry for Eloi． B．He was making a joke． C．He was afraid to hear the story． D．He didn't believe the story． 3．（2024•河口区模拟）Dreams are like stars，you may never catch them，but if you follow them，they will lead you to success.Yan Ning is such a dream follower. Yan is a rising star in the science world.When Yan Ning was only a little girl，she dreamed of being a great scientist.After years of hard work，in 1996，she went to Tsinghua University to study biology.After graduating from Tsinghua in 2000，she went to Princeton University and finished her study abroad in 2007.Then she returned to Tsinghua and set up her own lab.At the age of 30，she became the youngest professor（教授）at Tsinghua. Now Yan，42，has become a leading biology researcher at Princeton.On April 30，she was included among the 100 new members and 25 foreign associates （院士）into the US National Academy of Science（国家科学院）. However，it was a long and difficult road for her to make such achievements.She said that in order to realize her dream，she experienced a lot of failures and pains.But she never gave up her dream.Instead，she followed her dream and fought for it. She usually works at least 14 hours a day.Sometimes she even forgets to eat and rest and works until late at night.She never gets tired because she thinks doing research is the most "comfortable" job for her. In a TV interview，Yan encouraged young people to work hard for their dreams."All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them." （1）Yan Ning went to Tsinghua to study 　 　in 1996. A．chemistry B．science C．medicine D．biology （2）How old was Yan Ning when she became the youngest professor at Tsinghua？ 　 　 A．30. B．42. C．25. D．14. （3）It is 　 　for Yan to make great achievements. A．hard B．interesting C．easy D．comfortable （4）We can learn from the passage that 　 　. A．Yan wanted to give up when she had failures and pains in research B．Yan never gets tired because doing research is the easiest job C．Yan achieved her dream because she has the courage to follow it D．Yan made these achievements mainly by asking others for help （5）What is the best title for this passage？ 　 　 A．A Difficult Research B．A Dream Follower C．A Smooth Road D．A Famous University 4．（2024•济南模拟）Leon was a postman．Every day Leon would wake up and feed his 37 cats．Leon didn't really want 37 cats，but one by one they had appeared on his doorstep，and Leon had taken them in． Every day，after feeding the cats，Leon would collect the mail from the red postboxes in the village and take it home．"If only I had 37 helpers instead of 37 cats，my job would be so much easier，"Leon thought．Just then，the cats started meowing for their dinner．That gave Leon an idea．That night，Leon worked late making 37 cat﹣sized postal backpacks．Then，he went around to each postbox，putting up signs that read：postbox closed!Please use the postal cat service． The next day，Leon put a backpack on each cat and dropped off the cats around the village．Leon knew that the cats would be happy walking around all day．He also knew that they would always come home for dinner．Leon spent the day relaxing，waiting for his helpers to return．Leon was right．The cats did return，but they did not bring home many letters．Some got the letters wet．Some bit off the corners of the letters．Some even lost their backpacks．"Cats are just too unreliable（不可靠的），"Leon thought． Just then，a strange sound came from the outside of Leon's door．A dirty dog was waiting to be invited inside．That gave Leon an idea． （1）In Paragraph 2，Leon 　 　 that night． A．made postal backpacks B．put up a sign on each cat C．had dinner with the cats D．collected letters in the village （2）Which of the following is right？ 　 　 A．Leon's job was to raise cats and dogs． B．Leon asked the cats to collect the mail for him every morning． C．Some cats got the letters wet and some bit off the corners of the letters． D．37 cats came home and brought home many letters successfully． （3）According to the last paragraph，we can infer（推断） that Leon would 　 　． A．let the dog take a shower B．make the dog work for him C．invite the dog to dinner D．walk the dog around the village． 5．（2024•徐州模拟）Robin：Good evening!Welcome to our programme.This is Robin from Sunshine TV Station.Our guest today is the famous writer Helen Stevenson.Welcome! Helen：Thank you，Robin. Robin：Do you mind if I ask you a few personal questions？ Helen：Go ahead. Robin：How long have you been away from your hometown？ Helen：Well，I left Sunshine Town ten years ago.When I came back yesterday，I found it has changed a lot.Tall buildings，wide roads...I like the changes. Robin：Who influenced （影响） you most to become a writer？. Helen：Both my parents had a great influence on me.Instead of trying to pick out a job for me，they helped me learn those things that led me to it. Robin：How did they do that？ Helen：My father used to tell me that readers were leaders.He encouraged me to read a lot.I've always kept up with the newspapers，read news magazines and learned to enjoy books.They have been a great help to me in writing. Robin：Do you think it easy to make a living by writing？ Helen：Well，in some ways it is ... （1）What does Robin do？ 　 　 A．A writer. B．A secretary. C．A host. D．An athlete. （2）What does Helen think of the changes in Sunshine Town？ 　 　 A．She loves them. B．She finds them terrible. C．She hates them. D．She is angry about them. （3）What helps Helen most in her job？ 　 　 A．Her good manners. B．The changes at home. C．Her friends' help. D．Her wide reading. （4）What will Helen talk about next？ 　 　 A．Her mother. B．Her life as a writer. C．Her future plan. D．Her hobbies. 6．（2024•黑龙江模拟）I was excited as I was moving towards my new school．I wondered what questions the other students would ask me and practiced all the answers on the way．However，no one took any notice of me while I was entering the school．I stood in the center of the playground，expecting someone to say "hello"，but no one spoke to me． There were forty other boys in Ms．Miller's class，so I didn't stand out there，either，until the first lesson of that afternoon．Ms．Miller asked several boys if they knew who Isaac Newton is，but no one guessed right．A boy called Giant，the biggest in the class，said： "He is a cook in our school．" and Ms．Miller went red in the face．Then she turned to me．I said： "A great scientist in the world" and everyone stared at me because Ms．Miller said I was right．This didn't make me very popular，of course．I heard Giant say "She thinks he is clever．" After that，we went out to the playground to play soccer．I was in Giant's side，and he obviously had Newton in mind because he told me to go in goal．I was upset because no one wanted to be the goalkeeper．But I went and kept my place． "He's big enough and useless enough．" Giant said when someone asked him why he had chosen me． As the boy kicked the ball hard along the ground to my right，I threw myself down quickly and saved it．Loud cheers rang out and I was crowded round by my teammates．My knees were hurt and bleeding．Giant pulled me out of the ground and offered a towel to me． "Are you willing to join my team？" he asked． At that moment，I knew I was no longer a stranger． （1）Who greeted the writer on his first day to school？　 　 A．Ms．Miller． B．Giant． C．Newton． D．Nobody． （2）The underlined part "I didn't stand out" in paragraph 2 means that the writer was not　 　． A．clever B．noticeable C．easygoing D．surprised （3）Why was the writer offered a towel？　 　 A．Because he was no longer a newcomer． B．Because he was on Giant's team． C．Because he was beginning to be accepted． D．Because he won the soccer game． （4）What can we learn from the passage？　 　 A．Only the writer gave the right answer to Ms．Miller's question． B．Giant appreciated the writer's cleverness． C．The writer missed the goal because he fell down． D．The writer was glad to be a goalkeeper． 7．（2024•古冶区三模）Mildred Freeman was my English teacher in the ninth grade.She was humorous and kind，so I loved being around her.She was also a good listener.At the end of the year，she said that she was moving to Florida，and I was sad.We gave our addresses to each other and became pen pals.I could tell her anything，and she treated me with respect（尊重）even though I was a teenager.In Florida，Mrs Freeman' became a realtor（房地产经纪人）and was very busy，but she always found time to write letters to me.She wrote interesting stories and always took my worries and problems seriously. One summer holiday，Mrs Freeman invited me to visit her in a letter.I missed her very much，so I accepted her offer.I spent three weeks with her in Florida，excited to do anything from washing dishes to touring houses with her.Her love of music and creative writing encouraged me to go on with my endeavors（努力）. Two years later she surprised me by attending my high school graduation ceremony.Late that year，when I arrived at her house I had hoped to talk to her about my future plans，but instead she was in hospital.I went to the hospital and was shocked（震惊的）to find that she was seriously ill.A month later after I got back home，I got a call that Mrs Freeman had died. To this day，more than 50 years later，I still remember her smile and the advice she gave me From time to time I reread her letters，thinking of the wonderful time we spent together. （1）After Mrs Freeman moved to Florida，she　 　. A．lived a busy life B．worked as a teacher C．seldom wrote to the writer D．had a lot of worries and problems （2）What do we know about the writer's high school graduation ceremony？　 　 A．Mrs Freeman surprisingly attended it. B．Mrs Freeman was seriously ill that day. C．The writer met a new pen pal on the ceremony. D．The writer told her parents her future plans that day. （3）Where did the writer and Mrs Freeman last meet？　 　 A．At the writer's house. B．In a hospital. C．At Mrs Freeman's home. D．In the writer's school. （4）The writer wrote the passage　 　. A．to tell how to be a good teacher B．to ask Mrs Freeman for her help C．to share Mrs Freeman's interesting stories D．to show how she misses Mrs Freeman 8．（2024•杂多县三模）One day，there was a blind man called John sitting on the bench with a hat by his feet and a sign that read，"I am blind.Please help me." A creative publicist（广告员）named Tom was walking by the blind man and stopped to see that the man only had a few coins in his hat.He put a few of his own coins in the hat.Without asking for permission，he took the sign，turned it around and wrote a new message.Then he put the sign by the feet of the blind man，and left. Later that afternoon the publicist returned to the blind man and noticed that his hat was almost full of bills and coins.The blind man recognized（识别）his footsteps and asked if it was he who had changed his sign.He also wanted to know what the man wrote on it. The publicist said，"I just wrote the message a little differently." He smiled and went on his way. The new sign read，"Spring has come，but I can't see anything." （1）What's the blind man's name？ 　 　 A．Tom. B．John. C．Tony. D．Sorry，I don't know. （2）Who wrote a new message？ 　 　 A．The blind man. B．The teacher. C．The publicist. D．The farmer. （3）How did the blind man recognize the publicist？ 　 　 A．By his sign. B．By his footsteps. C．By his voice. D．By his coins. （4）When did the story happen？ 　 　 A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter. （5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　 A．Publicists are always friendly and helpful. B．We can get more money by changing a sign. C．The blind man is very stupid，so he has little money. D．The power（力量）of language is great. 9．（2024•南平一模） Evans Wadongo was from a village of Africa.He had to do homework by the light of a kerosene lamp （煤油灯）.Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult.It was common in his village.Many children left school for this reason，so they remained poor for the rest of their lives. Although studying was difficult，Evans was an excellent student and went to a university.He continued to worry about the kerosene lamp.By this time，he realized it was not just bad for schoolchildren but for the whole family.First，it can cause illnesses such as coughs.Also，the light can hurt people's eyes.Besides，it can lead to fires.Lastly，kerosene is expensive，so families have less money for food.It was difficult to come up with a different kind of lamp that was cheap and good for the environment.Yet Evans did not give up. One day，he had an idea.He could use a small solar light.Sunlight is free and solar power is good for the environment.Evans built his first solar lamp，and it worked.He began to build more lamps and sent them to local families.An organization heard about this and provided money for him to build more solar lamps. Each lamp only cost ＄20.However，this was a lot of money to many villagers，who only earned around ＄34 a week，so Evans made sure he kept the cost down.First，Evans used recycled materials.Next，volunteers built the lamps.Finally，people from many countries gave away money to his team，so the lamps were usually free. Thousands of people had safe light.Julia，a mother of three，said， "Thanks to Evans，my children have light to read，and I have my own light to cook." The solar lamps made a big difference. （1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refer to？ 　 　 A.Leaving school. B.Doing homework. C.Having eye problems. D.Having a bright idea. （2）How many problems about kerosene lamps are mentioned according to Paragraph 2？ 　 　 A.6. B.5. C.4. D.3. （3）Put the following information into correct order according to the passage. 　 　 a.Evans went to a university. b.Thousands of people had safe light. c.His first solar lamp was invented. d.Kerosene lamps hurt Evans' eyes. e.Recycled materials were used in the lamps. A.d﹣a﹣c﹣e﹣b B.d﹣b﹣a﹣e﹣c C.a﹣d﹣e﹣c﹣b D.a﹣e﹣c﹣d﹣b （4）Why does the writer give Julia' s example in Paragraph 5？ 　 　 A.To share Julia' s experience. B.To show Evans' influence. C.To describe Evans' feelings. D.To introduce Evans' invention. （5）What is Evans like according to the passage？ 　 　 A.Polite and humorous. B.Quiet and Smart. C.Humorous and friendly. D.Smart and friendly. 10．（2024•无锡模拟）My brother and I were driving home together and started talking.Because of this distraction （分心），my brother took a wrong turn. Unfortunately，the wrong turn took us toward a bridge，and we had no way of turning back.My brother had to pay to cross the bridge.He was clearly upset by the mistake. As we drove forward，my brother noticed a car pulled over to the side of the road.A young guy was standing nearby trying to phone someone.I was busy trying to find out which way we went next but my brother pulled over and asked the guy if he needed any help.And he did.He had a flat tire （轮胎）. My brother helped him change the flat.He said that this had been a bad week for him.Earlier he had gotten into a car accident，and now this flat on his way home from work.But he called us "a breath of fresh air" and kept thanking us.After we had finished the job，he thanked us again and pulled out ＄20 and tried to give it to us. "No，" my brother said."We were never supposed to even get on that bridge.We took a wrong turn.But now we know why we did.It was to help you.Thank you for turning our mistake into an opportunity to serve." What I loved most was watching my brother throughout this process.He was able to turn his bad mood （心情） over the mistake into positive （积极的） energy.He was able to see a chance to help （which I totally missed!） even in a bad situation. That was the bridge we were meant to cross. （1）How did the writer's brother feel when they took a wrong turn at first？ 　 　 A．Calm. B．Unhappy. C．Scared. D．Excited. （2）What's the right order according to the passage？ 　 　 ①The man tried to give us ＄20 to thank us. ②My brother helped the guy change the flat. ③My brother drove in the wrong direction. ④We saw a car pulled over on the road. A．④③①② B．②①④③ C．③①④② D．③④②① （3）What does the underlined word "that" in the last paragraph refer to？ 　 　 A．Turning strangers into good friends. B．Turning difficulties into happiness. C．Turning bad things into the good. D．Turning dangers into challenges. 11．（2024•河东区模拟）An artist （画家） went to a beautiful part of the country for a holiday and stayed with a farmer．Every day he went out with his paints and brushes （颜料和画笔） and painted till evening．When it got dark he went back to the farm and had a good dinner before he went to bed． At the end of his holiday he wanted to pay the farmer，but the farmer said， "No，I don't want money．But give me one of your pictures．What's money？In a week，it will all be finished，but your picture will still be here．" The artists was very pleased and thanked the farmer for saying such kind things about his pictures．The farmer smiled and answered， "It's not that．My son is a student in London．He wants to become an artist．When he comes home next month，I'll show him your picture，and he will not want to be an artist any more，I think．" （1）Where did the artist spend his holiday？ 　 　 A．On the beach． B．In the countryside． C．In the mountains． D．In a foreign country． （2）The underlined word "it" refer to （指的是） 　 　． A．money B．the picture C．the holiday D．time （3）What does the farmer's son do？ 　 　 A．A teacher． B．An artist． C．A worker． D．A student． （4）After hearing the farmer's words，perhaps the artist would be 　 　． A．very worried B．very happy C．very thankful D．very disappointed （失望的） （5）From the passage，we can learn that 　 　． A．the artist got up late every day during the holiday B．the artist went outside for a walk after having dinner C．the farmer's son wanted to be a farmer like his father D．the farmer thought the artist's pictures were not good 12．（2024•河西区二模）When Marion Sheppard began to go blind in her 40s，she cried，screamed，and felt sorry for herself.The doctor said she would never regain her vision（视力）.It would only get worse，"This isn't fair，"Sheppard said over and over again. Since she was a little girl，Sheppard had always been a dance lover.But now she was so scared that she would never leave her apartment.She was afraid that，unable to see a stranger，she would be hurt on the streets.But mostly，she worried about the way she would appear to the world.She continually wondered， "What if people look at me differently and treat me differently？" But after several months of sadness and fear，Sheppard started to tell herself， "You don't understand yet，but you've got to keep moving." As hard as it was，Sheppard forced herself to go out.She pushed herself to attend various social events.As a single mother of one daughter，Sheppard continued her library job at The New York Times until her vision further got worse in her 50s.She kept moving，and she kept dancing，following her passion. Sheppard was 61 when she attended a summer camp for the blind in 2008，where she taught her first dancing class.After that，she asked a Manhattan community center if she could teach there，but was refused because it would be too dangerous for the students.At last，she made the managers believe that she could teach very well as a volunteer. Right up until the COVID﹣19 closed things down，Sheppard was teaching over a dozen people to move to the music.But Sheppard taught her beloved students on far more than dance steps.With confidence﹣building words and encouragement，she also gave them dignity （自尊） and independence. In Sheppard's classes，each student would dance in the center of the group，making moves as the others cheer them on.As Sheppard says，"We may be blind，but we're doing our thing." （1）What was Sheppard mostly afraid of after going blind？ 　 　 A．The danger on the streets. B．Losing the self﹣care ability. C．The way people treated her. D．Being unable to dance anymore. （2）When did Sheppard's vision further get worse？ 　 　 A．In her 40s. B．In her 50s. C．When she was 61. D．In 2008. （3）Why did the community center refuse Sheppard's request？ 　 　 A．It needed a lot of space. B．It was Sheppard's first class. C．It required volunteers in class. D．It might cause danger to students. （4）Which of the following is correct about Sheppard's classes？ 　 　 A．They are only for the blind. B．They are cheaper than other classes. C．They are filled with lots of training. D．They are good for people's mental（精神的） health. （5）What can we learn from Sheppard？ 　 　 A．Willpower can fight off illness. B．Dancing makes people happier. C．Dreams break down difficulties. D．Good attitudes light up our lives. 13．（2024•大庆三模）Wu Lin，a college student，has found a good way to save money.Every week，she goes to a store selling near expired （临期的） food. "These goods are usually sold at 30% to 50% of the market price.I am really a big fan of them，" she said. Wu is not alone.Buying near expired food at much lower prices has become popular among many young Chinese people.China's near expired food market reached more than 30 billion（ 十亿）yuan in 2020 and 47.8% of the buyers are aged 26 to 35 according to a report.Around 2.1 million people buy such food online every year ，reported Xinhua. Some people worry whether near﹣expired food is safe to eat.Liu Shaowei，a researcher from East China University of Science and Technology ，said，"Near expired goods haven't expired yet.If they are stored well，there is no problem in their safety.People can feel safe eating them." Near﹣ expired goods that went uneaten and unsold play a big part in food waste，reported Guangming Daily."A great number of expired and near ﹣expired goods went to waste.It was a great loss，"said Li Yunjing，a shop worker in Anhui. China has started the anti﹣food waste law（反食品浪费法）.It shows the need to save food.More young people are learning that food waste can be harmful to the environment.Now many of them take pride in buying near expired food，reported CGTN. （1）What can we know about Wu Lin？ 　 　 A．She sells near expired food in college. B．She likes buying near expired food a lot. C．She worries if near expired food is safe. D．She seldom buys near expired food. （2）How does the writer show that near expired food is popular in Paragraph 2？ 　 　 A．By raising questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making comparisons. （3）What's the main idea of Paragraph 3？ 　 　 A．The safety of near﹣expired food. B．The law on near expired food. C．The popularity of near expired food. D．The price of near expired food. （4）How do many young people feel about buying near﹣expired food according to CGTN？ 　 　 A．Sad. B．Unsafe. C．Worried. D．Proud. 14．（2024•芜湖模拟）As I grow up，I gradually know that life plays a very important role in my education I really wanted to achieve．What I mean is that life can teach you things no one else can．Luckily for you，it's time to have lessons of life．Pay attention and you can know what I call the school of life． Use Your Head You have to be smart to survive （生存） in this world．Anytime you need to make a move， stop and think．Obviously there will be times when you need to take action first，but if you've been taking the time to plan，you'll always make the right choice．Fail to plan，plan to fail． Set Your Goals In my team，if you don't finish the job well，we will fire you．Your goals should be on building a basic of solid and complete work．Make certain a list of what you have to do and start with the biggest and most difficult task．The key here is goals． Respect Your Superiors （上级） Your boss is in his position for a reason，no matter what you think of him．If he's not the best one，be patient﹣he'll be out of there soon．In the meantime，you have to respect him as your superior．That means following orders and closing your mouth．If you don't respect your boss，how will you expect the people under you to do the same？ Keep Your Cool You should never let your emotions （情绪） control you．You should learn to keep calm．Never lose your cool when dealing in business，or it will ruin the whole thing． The school of life can be hard，but if you're smart and play your cards right，you can come out with an A+．Just treat every situation as a learning experience．I hope you've studied． （1）From the passage，we learn that the author is probably 　 　． A．a young student B．a regular customer C．a magazine editor D．an experienced manager （2）It can be learnt from the passage that 　 　． A．you will win your life if you fail to make your plan B．setting goals isn't important when you're doing a job C．it will ruin the whole thing if you lose your cool D．you can never get an A+if you keep working hard （3）The underlined phrase"make a move"in the passage means" 　 　"in Chinese． A．移动 B．行动 C．感动 D．搬家 （4）According to the passage，what should you do if your boss isn't the best one？ 　 　 A．Respect him as your superior． B．Don't follow his orders． C．Make him out of his position． D．Don't close your mouth． （5）Which would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　 A．The School of Life Can Be Hard B．Learning from the School of Life C．All of Your Favourite Education D．Hoping for a Chance to Be on Top． 15．（2024•芜湖模拟）Today let's meet China's excellent diplomats（外交官）. Liu Xiaoming is China's ambassador to the UK.An ambassador is a country's highest representative （代表） sent to another country.Liu speaks fluent English and knows British culture well.He has done so excellent work that he is respected by the British people. Hua Chunying is a Foreign Ministry Spokesperson （新闻发言人）.Spokespersons hold press conferences （记者会） from Monday to Friday，where they answer questions from both Chinese and foreign media（媒体）.Hua is good at answering harsh questions.China now has three spokespersons and Hua is the only woman. Wang Yi is the Minister of Foreign Affairs（外交部长）.He often visits foreign countries and represents China at international meetings.He also writes articles on newspapers explaining China's foreign policies （政策）.Wang learned Japanese in college and was once the ambassador to Japan. （1）The underlined word "ambassador" means 　 　. A．交换生 B．大使 C．观察员 D．记者 （2）How many spokespersons does China have according to the passage？ 　 　 A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. （3）Which of the following is TRUE？ 　 　 A．Hua Chunying represents China at international meetings. B．Wang Yi used to be the ambassador to Japan. C．Spokespersons hold press conferences （记者会） at the weekends. D．Liu Xiaoming is learning to answer harsh questions with Hua Chunying. 2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之杰出人物 参考答案与试题解析 一．阅读理解（共15小题） 1．（2024•乌兰浩特市模拟）Do you know Su Bingtian？He is a Chinese runner.He was born in Zhongshan City，Guangdong Province on August 20th，1989. Known as China's fastest man，Su Bingtian made history and brought an unforgettable moment to the world in the summer of 2021.On Aug 1，Su set a new record of 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics Men's 100 m semifinals（半决 赛），which made him the first Chinese runner to enter the event's final round. For a long time，some people thought that Asian people were not physically built for sprinting（短跑）.Su's success shows it's not true. However，it was not easy for Su to succeed.Because of being hurt，Su had to stop running for several years.Later，he came back to the track（ 跑道）and trained even harder than before. He realized that finishing the semifinal in less than 10 seconds would earn him a chance to enter the final competition.To encourage himself，Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds in 2012.He even made this number his password for his phone and computer.Luckily，his efforts paid off. On March 3rd，2022，he was honored （授予…荣誉） in annual Touching China awards. "I am so proud of my result.I can write my name into history now and I will work harder and run faster.I hope my performance today will encourage more people." Now let's congratulate to Su Bingtian!We hope Su Bingtian will have a better future and good luck to him! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （1）Why can we say Su Bingtian write his name into history？ 　C　 A．Because he won the gold medal of Tokyo Olympics. B．Because he was the first Chinese runner to enter the Men's 100 m final round of Olympics. C．Because he showed his success to the whole world. D．Because he is the fastest man in the world. （2）Which one is the correct order about Su Bingtian？ 　A　 ①He was honored in annual Touching China awards. ②He set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds. ③He was born in Zhongshan，Guangdong. ④He set a new record of 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics Men's 100 m semifinals. A．③②④① B．③①④② C．③④②① D．③②①④ （3）What's the meaning of the underlined phrase "paid off" in Para.5？ 　C　 A．付钱 B．还清 C．获得回报 D．盈利 （4）What can we learn from Su Bingtian's story？ 　A　 A．No pains，no gains. B．Failure is the mother of success. C．The early bird catches the worm. D．A good beginning is half done. （5）Where can we most probably find the passage？ 　D　 A．In a storybook. B．In a travel magazine. C．In a health report. D．In a P.E.magazine. 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；主旨大意；词句猜测．版权所有 【答案】CACAD 【分析】短文讲了一名中国运动员苏炳添，详细的介绍了他的出生年月，及其他对跑步爱好的追求和取得的成就。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据On March 3rd，2022，he was honored （授予…荣誉） in annual Touching China awards. "I am so proud of my result.I can write my name into history now and I will work harder and run faster.I hope my performance today will encourage more people."（2022年3月3日，他获得了年度感动中国奖。"我为我的成绩感到骄傲。我现在可以把我的名字写入历史，我会更加努力，跑得更快。我希望我今天的表现能鼓励更多的人。"）可知，是因为他向全世界展示了他的成功。故选C。 （2）顺序排列题。根据He was born in Zhongshan City，Guangdong Province on August 20th，1989.（他于1989年8月20日出生于广东省中山市。）以及Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds in 2012.（苏炳添在2012年设定了9秒89的个人目标。）以及Su Bingtian made history and brought an unforgettable moment to the world in the summer of 2021.On Aug 1，Su set a new record of 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympics Men's 100 m semifinals（半决 赛）.（2021年夏天，苏炳添创造了历史，给世界带来了一个难忘的时刻。8月1日，苏在东京奥运会男子100米半决赛中以9秒83的成绩创造了新的纪录。）以及On March 3rd，2022，he was honored （授予…荣誉） in annual Touching China awards.（2022年3月3日，他获得了年度感动中国奖。）可知，顺序是③②④①。故选A。 （3）词义猜测题。根据To encourage himself，Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds in 2012.He even made this number his password for his phone and computer.Luckily，his efforts paid off.（为了鼓励自己，苏炳添在2012年设定了9秒89的个人目标。他甚至把这个号码作为自己手机和电脑的密码。幸运的是，他的努力…。）可知， "paid off "意为" 获得回报 "。故选C。 （4）主旨大意题。根据However，it was not easy for Su to succeed.Because of being hurt，Su had to stop running for several years.Later，he came back to the track（ 跑道）and trained even harder than before.He realized that finishing the semifinal in less than 10 seconds would earn him a chance to enter the final competition.To encourage himself，Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds in 2012.He even made this number his password for his phone and computer.Luckily，his efforts paid off.（然而，苏的成功并不容易。因为受伤，苏不得不停止跑步好几年。后来，他回到了跑道，比以前更努力地训练。他意识到，在不到10秒的时间内完成半决赛将为他赢得进入决赛的机会。为了鼓励自己，苏炳添在2012年设定了9秒89的个人目标。他甚至把这个号码作为自己手机和电脑的密码。幸运的是，他的努力得到了回报。）可知，从苏炳添的故事中我们可以学到一分耕耘一分收获，不劳则无获。故选A。 （5）文章出处题。短文讲了一名中国运动员苏炳添，详细的介绍了他的出生年月，及其他对跑步爱好的追求和取得的成就。可知，我们可能在体育杂志上读到这篇文章。故选D。 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。 2．（2024•秦淮区三模）Characters﹣Editor，Doctor，Scientist，Journalist，Traveller Scene 9 The men sit down with drinks，and the time traveller tells his amazing story． Traveller：The time machine took me 150 years into the future．The word was…is …a very different place．There was two races（种类）of creatures：the Eloi and Morlocks．The Eloi are small，gentle creatures﹣people who lead peaceful lives．They do not work but play games，eat food，and sleep．They are afraid of dark． Scientist：And the Morlocks？ Traveller：These are ape﹣like（似猿的）creatures who live underground．They are afraid of the light．They have machines．They provide the Eloi with everything they need． Doctor：So the Morlocks are the Eloi's slaves（奴隶）？ Traveller：Sadly，that is not so．The Eloi are the Morlock's cattle（牲畜）．The Morlocks feed them and raise took them for food． Editor：That is awful．How did the Eloi allow this to happen． Traveller：They became lazy．At first，they allowed the Morlocks to provide them with everything they needed． Journalist：Then，they slowly lost all their skills． Traveller：Exactly．As the years passed，they became more and more dependent（依赖的） on the Morlocks．Finally，they could not take care of themselves．Then，the Morlocks took control them． Editor：There is a lesson for us in this． Scientist：Only if his strange story is true． （1）When may the traveller's story happen？ 　C　 A．In the past． B．At present． C．In the future． D．He didn't tell us． （2）Which of the following is TRUE？ 　B　 A．The Eloi are afraid of the light． B．The Morlocks raise the Eloi for food． C．The Eloi could take care of themselves． D．The Morlocks live a happy life without working． （3）What did the traveller think of the Eloi？ 　D　 A．Clever B．Hardworking C．Creative D．Lazy （4）Why did the scientist say"Only if his strange story is true．"？ 　D　 A．He felt sorry for Eloi． B．He was making a joke． C．He was afraid to hear the story． D．He didn't believe the story． 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解．版权所有 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】本文叙述了编辑、医生、科学家、记者、时间旅行者的谈话．其中时间旅行者讲述了自己去到150年后的未来，那里有两种生物，Eloi and Morlocks，前者不工作，渐渐被后者作为食物供养，编辑觉得对人类是个教训，科学家对故事得真假表示怀疑． 【解答】（1）C 细节理解题，根据The time machine took me 150 years into the future．时光机把我带到了150年后的未来，故选C． （2）B 细节理解题，根据The Morlocks feed them and raise took them for food．莫洛克人喂养他们，把他们当食物．故选B． （3）D 细节理解题，根据Traveller：They became lazy．旅行者：他们变得懒惰．故选D． （4）D 细节理解题，根据Editor：There is a lesson for us in this．Scientist：Only if his strange story is true．编辑：对我们来说是一个教训．科学家：除非这个奇怪的故事是真的．从科学家回答的语气可知，他并不相信这个故事是真的．故选D． 【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题． 3．（2024•河口区模拟）Dreams are like stars，you may never catch them，but if you follow them，they will lead you to success.Yan Ning is such a dream follower. Yan is a rising star in the science world.When Yan Ning was only a little girl，she dreamed of being a great scientist.After years of hard work，in 1996，she went to Tsinghua University to study biology.After graduating from Tsinghua in 2000，she went to Princeton University and finished her study abroad in 2007.Then she returned to Tsinghua and set up her own lab.At the age of 30，she became the youngest professor（教授）at Tsinghua. Now Yan，42，has become a leading biology researcher at Princeton.On April 30，she was included among the 100 new members and 25 foreign associates （院士）into the US National Academy of Science（国家科学院）. However，it was a long and difficult road for her to make such achievements.She said that in order to realize her dream，she experienced a lot of failures and pains.But she never gave up her dream.Instead，she followed her dream and fought for it. She usually works at least 14 hours a day.Sometimes she even forgets to eat and rest and works until late at night.She never gets tired because she thinks doing research is the most "comfortable" job for her. In a TV interview，Yan encouraged young people to work hard for their dreams."All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them." （1）Yan Ning went to Tsinghua to study 　D　in 1996. A．chemistry B．science C．medicine D．biology （2）How old was Yan Ning when she became the youngest professor at Tsinghua？ 　A　 A．30. B．42. C．25. D．14. （3）It is 　A　for Yan to make great achievements. A．hard B．interesting C．easy D．comfortable （4）We can learn from the passage that 　C　. A．Yan wanted to give up when she had failures and pains in research B．Yan never gets tired because doing research is the easiest job C．Yan achieved her dream because she has the courage to follow it D．Yan made these achievements mainly by asking others for help （5）What is the best title for this passage？ 　B　 A．A Difficult Research B．A Dream Follower C．A Smooth Road D．A Famous University 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】DAACB 【分析】本文主要介绍了科学界的新秀颜宁追求梦想并且获得成功的故事。 【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段After years of hard work，in 1996，she went to Tsinghua University to study biology.在几年的努力之后，1996年，她去清华大学学习生物，可知她在清华大学学生物，故选D。 （2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段At the age of 30，she became the youngest professor（教授）at Tsinghua可知在30岁的时候，她成为清华大学最年轻的教授，故选A. （3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段However，it was a long and difficult road for her to make such achievements.然而，对她来说达到如此的成就是一段长且艰难的路，可知她获得成功是艰难的，故选A。 （4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段"All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them.""如果我们有勇气追逐我们梦想都会实现，"据此推断颜宁成功的原因是她追逐梦想，因此获得了成功，故选C。 （5）B.文章标题题。根据第一段Yan Ning is such a dream follower.颜宁就是这样一个梦想的追逐者，可知本文主要讲了颜宁追逐梦想的故事，因此判断本文最好的标题为一个梦想追逐者，故选B。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 4．（2024•济南模拟）Leon was a postman．Every day Leon would wake up and feed his 37 cats．Leon didn't really want 37 cats，but one by one they had appeared on his doorstep，and Leon had taken them in． Every day，after feeding the cats，Leon would collect the mail from the red postboxes in the village and take it home．"If only I had 37 helpers instead of 37 cats，my job would be so much easier，"Leon thought．Just then，the cats started meowing for their dinner．That gave Leon an idea．That night，Leon worked late making 37 cat﹣sized postal backpacks．Then，he went around to each postbox，putting up signs that read：postbox closed!Please use the postal cat service． The next day，Leon put a backpack on each cat and dropped off the cats around the village．Leon knew that the cats would be happy walking around all day．He also knew that they would always come home for dinner．Leon spent the day relaxing，waiting for his helpers to return．Leon was right．The cats did return，but they did not bring home many letters．Some got the letters wet．Some bit off the corners of the letters．Some even lost their backpacks．"Cats are just too unreliable（不可靠的），"Leon thought． Just then，a strange sound came from the outside of Leon's door．A dirty dog was waiting to be invited inside．That gave Leon an idea． （1）In Paragraph 2，Leon 　A　 that night． A．made postal backpacks B．put up a sign on each cat C．had dinner with the cats D．collected letters in the village （2）Which of the following is right？ 　C　 A．Leon's job was to raise cats and dogs． B．Leon asked the cats to collect the mail for him every morning． C．Some cats got the letters wet and some bit off the corners of the letters． D．37 cats came home and brought home many letters successfully． （3）According to the last paragraph，we can infer（推断） that Leon would 　B　． A．let the dog take a shower B．make the dog work for him C．invite the dog to dinner D．walk the dog around the village． 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】Leon是个邮递员．每天醒来就给他的37只猫喂食．每天，喂完猫Leon要从村庄的红色邮箱里收集信件，把它们带回家．Leon想"要是我有37个帮手而不是37只猫多好，我的工作就容易的多了．"那天晚上，Leon工作到很晚制作了37个猫尺寸的邮政背包．然后他去每个邮箱贴了告示：邮箱关闭！请接受邮政猫的服务．第二天，Leon给每只猫挂上了邮政背包，送到了村庄各处．猫的确回来了，但是它们带回的信件不多．有的把信件弄湿了．有的咬掉了信的一角．有的甚至把邮政背包给弄丢了．"就在这时Leon的门外发出奇怪的声音．一只脏兮兮的狗在外面等着要进来．Leon又有了一个主意． 【解答】（1）A 细节理解题．根据第二段That night，Leon worked late making 37 cat﹣sized postal backpacks，可知那天晚上Leon工作到很晚制作了37个猫尺寸的邮政背包，故选A． （2）C 推理判断题．根据The cats did return，but they did not bring home many letters．Some got the letters wet．Some bit off the corners of the letters．Some even lost their backpacks猫的确回来了，但是它们带回的信件不多．有的把信件弄湿了．有的咬掉了信的一角．有的甚至把邮政背包给弄丢了．故选C． （3）B 推理判断题．根据第三段最后一句"Cats are just too unreliable（不可靠的），"Leon thought可知Leon认为猫不可靠，再根据最后一段Just then，a strange sound came from the outside of Leon's door．A dirty dog was waiting to be invited inside．That gave Leon an idea．可知一只脏兮兮的狗在外面等着要进来．Leon又有了一个主意．可推断由于之前的37只猫都不可靠，所以Leon可能会请狗进家门，做他的得力助手．故选B． 【点评】做题时要在理解好文意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对，进行选择或推理判断，找出符合文章内容的正确答案．做题注意灵活，有时可采用排除法或直选法确定出最终答案． 5．（2024•徐州模拟）Robin：Good evening!Welcome to our programme.This is Robin from Sunshine TV Station.Our guest today is the famous writer Helen Stevenson.Welcome! Helen：Thank you，Robin. Robin：Do you mind if I ask you a few personal questions？ Helen：Go ahead. Robin：How long have you been away from your hometown？ Helen：Well，I left Sunshine Town ten years ago.When I came back yesterday，I found it has changed a lot.Tall buildings，wide roads...I like the changes. Robin：Who influenced （影响） you most to become a writer？. Helen：Both my parents had a great influence on me.Instead of trying to pick out a job for me，they helped me learn those things that led me to it. Robin：How did they do that？ Helen：My father used to tell me that readers were leaders.He encouraged me to read a lot.I've always kept up with the newspapers，read news magazines and learned to enjoy books.They have been a great help to me in writing. Robin：Do you think it easy to make a living by writing？ Helen：Well，in some ways it is ... （1）What does Robin do？ 　C　 A．A writer. B．A secretary. C．A host. D．An athlete. （2）What does Helen think of the changes in Sunshine Town？ 　A　 A．She loves them. B．She finds them terrible. C．She hates them. D．She is angry about them. （3）What helps Helen most in her job？ 　D　 A．Her good manners. B．The changes at home. C．Her friends' help. D．Her wide reading. （4）What will Helen talk about next？ 　B　 A．Her mother. B．Her life as a writer. C．Her future plan. D．Her hobbies. 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】本文主要是一则访谈节目中主持人和嘉宾的对话。 【解答】（1）C.细节推理题。根据Robin：Good evening!Welcome to our programme.罗宾：晚上好，欢迎来到我们节目，据此推断罗宾是主持人，故选C。 （2）A.细节理解题。根据I like the changes.我喜欢这些改变，可知海伦喜欢这些改变，故选A。 （3）D.细节理解题。根据I've always kept up with the newspapers，read news magazines and learned to enjoy books.They have been a great help to me in writing.我一直在看报纸，阅读新闻杂志，并学会了享受书籍。它们在写作方面对我帮助很大。可知广泛的阅读最有助于她写作，故选D。 （4）B.推理判断题。根据Robin：Do you think it easy to make a living by writing？罗宾：你觉得用写作谋生容易吗，据此推断接下来海伦将会讲到自己作为作家的生活，故选B。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 6．（2024•黑龙江模拟）I was excited as I was moving towards my new school．I wondered what questions the other students would ask me and practiced all the answers on the way．However，no one took any notice of me while I was entering the school．I stood in the center of the playground，expecting someone to say "hello"，but no one spoke to me． There were forty other boys in Ms．Miller's class，so I didn't stand out there，either，until the first lesson of that afternoon．Ms．Miller asked several boys if they knew who Isaac Newton is，but no one guessed right．A boy called Giant，the biggest in the class，said： "He is a cook in our school．" and Ms．Miller went red in the face．Then she turned to me．I said： "A great scientist in the world" and everyone stared at me because Ms．Miller said I was right．This didn't make me very popular，of course．I heard Giant say "She thinks he is clever．" After that，we went out to the playground to play soccer．I was in Giant's side，and he obviously had Newton in mind because he told me to go in goal．I was upset because no one wanted to be the goalkeeper．But I went and kept my place． "He's big enough and useless enough．" Giant said when someone asked him why he had chosen me． As the boy kicked the ball hard along the ground to my right，I threw myself down quickly and saved it．Loud cheers rang out and I was crowded round by my teammates．My knees were hurt and bleeding．Giant pulled me out of the ground and offered a towel to me． "Are you willing to join my team？" he asked． At that moment，I knew I was no longer a stranger． （1）Who greeted the writer on his first day to school？　D　 A．Ms．Miller． B．Giant． C．Newton． D．Nobody． （2）The underlined part "I didn't stand out" in paragraph 2 means that the writer was not　B　． A．clever B．noticeable C．easygoing D．surprised （3）Why was the writer offered a towel？　A　 A．Because he was no longer a newcomer． B．Because he was on Giant's team． C．Because he was beginning to be accepted． D．Because he won the soccer game． （4）What can we learn from the passage？　A　 A．Only the writer gave the right answer to Ms．Miller's question． B．Giant appreciated the writer's cleverness． C．The writer missed the goal because he fell down． D．The writer was glad to be a goalkeeper． 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；推理判断；词句猜测．版权所有 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】这篇文章讲述了作者第一天上学的故事． 【解答】（1）D．细节理解题．根据However，no one took any notice of me while I was entering the school．可知在作者上学的路上，没有人问候他．故选：D． （2）B．词义猜测题．根据There were forty other boys in Ms．Miller's class．可知在Ms．Miller的班上孩子太多，所以作者不会引起人们的注意．故选：B． （3）A．推理判断题．根据"Are you willing to join my team？" he asked．At that moment，I knew I was no longer a stranger．可知作者开始被接受，不再是一位陌生人．故选：A． （4）A．推理判断题．根据Ms．Miller asked several boys if they knew who Isaac Newton is，but no one guessed right．和 Then she turned to me．I said： "A great scientist in the world" and everyone stared at me because Ms．Miller said I was right．可知只有作者回答出来老师的问题．故选：A． 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息． 7．（2024•古冶区三模）Mildred Freeman was my English teacher in the ninth grade.She was humorous and kind，so I loved being around her.She was also a good listener.At the end of the year，she said that she was moving to Florida，and I was sad.We gave our addresses to each other and became pen pals.I could tell her anything，and she treated me with respect（尊重）even though I was a teenager.In Florida，Mrs Freeman' became a realtor（房地产经纪人）and was very busy，but she always found time to write letters to me.She wrote interesting stories and always took my worries and problems seriously. One summer holiday，Mrs Freeman invited me to visit her in a letter.I missed her very much，so I accepted her offer.I spent three weeks with her in Florida，excited to do anything from washing dishes to touring houses with her.Her love of music and creative writing encouraged me to go on with my endeavors（努力）. Two years later she surprised me by attending my high school graduation ceremony.Late that year，when I arrived at her house I had hoped to talk to her about my future plans，but instead she was in hospital.I went to the hospital and was shocked（震惊的）to find that she was seriously ill.A month later after I got back home，I got a call that Mrs Freeman had died. To this day，more than 50 years later，I still remember her smile and the advice she gave me From time to time I reread her letters，thinking of the wonderful time we spent together. （1）After Mrs Freeman moved to Florida，she　A　. A．lived a busy life B．worked as a teacher C．seldom wrote to the writer D．had a lot of worries and problems （2）What do we know about the writer's high school graduation ceremony？　A.　 A．Mrs Freeman surprisingly attended it. B．Mrs Freeman was seriously ill that day. C．The writer met a new pen pal on the ceremony. D．The writer told her parents her future plans that day. （3）Where did the writer and Mrs Freeman last meet？　B.　 A．At the writer's house. B．In a hospital. C．At Mrs Freeman's home. D．In the writer's school. （4）The writer wrote the passage　D　. A．to tell how to be a good teacher B．to ask Mrs Freeman for her help C．to share Mrs Freeman's interesting stories D．to show how she misses Mrs Freeman 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；主旨大意．版权所有 【答案】AABD 【分析】作者写了这篇文章来表达她对弗里曼夫人的思念。米尔德雷德弗里曼是作者九年级的英语老师。 【解答】（1）A.段落大意题。根据 In Florida，Mrs Freeman' became a realtor（房地产经纪人）and was very busy.可知，在佛罗里达，弗里曼夫人成了一名房地产经纪人，她很忙。所以 弗里曼夫人搬到佛罗里达过着忙碌的生活。故选A。 （2）A.细节理解题。根据 Two years later she surprised me by attending my high school graduation ceremony.可知，两年后，她参加了我的高中毕业典礼，令我大吃一惊。所以我们对这位作者的高中毕业典礼了解到弗里曼夫人出人意料地参加了。故选A。 （3）B.细节理解题。根据Late that year，when I arrived at her house I had hoped to talk to her about my future plans，but instead she was in hospital.I went to the hospital and was shocked to find that she was seriously ill.A month later after I got back home，I got a call that Mrs Freeman had died.可知，那年晚些时候，当我到她家时，我本想和她谈谈我未来的计划，但她却在医院里。我去了医院，震惊地发现她病得很重。回家一个月后，我接到一个电话，说弗里曼太太死了。所以 作者和弗里曼夫人最后一次见面是在医院里。故选B。 （4）D.主旨大意题。根据 To this day，more than 50 years later，I still remember her smile and the advice she gave me From time to time I reread her letters，thinking of the wonderful time we spent together.可知，直到50多年后的今天，我仍然记得她的微笑和她不时给我的建议，我重读她的信，想起我们在一起度过的美好时光。所以作者写了这篇文章来表达她对弗里曼夫人的思念。故选D。 【点评】这篇阅读是人物故事类阅读。做题时可在抓住题干关键词的基础上，根据具体细节得出答案。 8．（2024•杂多县三模）One day，there was a blind man called John sitting on the bench with a hat by his feet and a sign that read，"I am blind.Please help me." A creative publicist（广告员）named Tom was walking by the blind man and stopped to see that the man only had a few coins in his hat.He put a few of his own coins in the hat.Without asking for permission，he took the sign，turned it around and wrote a new message.Then he put the sign by the feet of the blind man，and left. Later that afternoon the publicist returned to the blind man and noticed that his hat was almost full of bills and coins.The blind man recognized（识别）his footsteps and asked if it was he who had changed his sign.He also wanted to know what the man wrote on it. The publicist said，"I just wrote the message a little differently." He smiled and went on his way. The new sign read，"Spring has come，but I can't see anything." （1）What's the blind man's name？ 　B　 A．Tom. B．John. C．Tony. D．Sorry，I don't know. （2）Who wrote a new message？ 　C　 A．The blind man. B．The teacher. C．The publicist. D．The farmer. （3）How did the blind man recognize the publicist？ 　B　 A．By his sign. B．By his footsteps. C．By his voice. D．By his coins. （4）When did the story happen？ 　A　 A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter. （5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　D　 A．Publicists are always friendly and helpful. B．We can get more money by changing a sign. C．The blind man is very stupid，so he has little money. D．The power（力量）of language is great. 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】BCBAD 【分析】本文讲述了一个广告员通过改变盲人的牌子上的语言，让盲人获得了更多的钱，说明了语言的力量是巨大的。 【解答】（1）B。细节理解题。根据"One day，there was a blind man called John sitting on the bench with a hat by his feet and a sign that read，"I am blind.Please help me." "一天，有一个叫约翰的盲人坐在长椅上，脚边放着一顶帽子，一块牌子上写着："我是盲人。"请帮我。"。可知B符合题意。故选：B。 （2）C。细节理解题。根据" A creative publicist（广告员）named Tom was walking by the blind man and stopped to see that the man only had a few coins in his hat.He put a few of his own coins in the hat.Without asking for permission，he took the sign，turned it around and wrote a new message"一个有创意的广告员，名叫汤姆路过盲人，停下来看到他的帽子里只有几个硬币。他在帽子里放了几个他自己的硬币。没有经过允许，他就拿起牌子，把它翻过来，写了一条新的信息。可知C符合题意。故选：C。 （3）B。细节理解题。根据"The blind man recognized（识别）his footsteps and asked if it was he who had changed his sign"盲人识别出了他的脚步声，问他是不是他改变了招牌。可知B符合题意。故选：B。 （4）A。细节理解题。根据"The new sign read，"Spring has come，but I can't see anything." "新牌子上写着："春天来了，但我什么也看不到。"。可知A符合题意。故选：A。 （5）D。推理判断题。根据"，"I am blind.Please help me." ""我是盲人。"请帮我。"。"Later that afternoon the publicist returned to the blind man and noticed that his hat was almost full of bills and coins"那天下午晚些时候，广告员又回到盲人身边，发现他的帽子里几乎装满了钞票和硬币。"The new sign read，"Spring has come，but I can't see anything." "新牌子上写着："春天来了，但我什么也看不到。"。可知这个广告员通过帮助盲人改变语言获得了更多的钱。说明语言的力量是巨大的。可知D符合题意。故选：D。 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。 9．（2024•南平一模） Evans Wadongo was from a village of Africa.He had to do homework by the light of a kerosene lamp （煤油灯）.Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult.It was common in his village.Many children left school for this reason，so they remained poor for the rest of their lives. Although studying was difficult，Evans was an excellent student and went to a university.He continued to worry about the kerosene lamp.By this time，he realized it was not just bad for schoolchildren but for the whole family.First，it can cause illnesses such as coughs.Also，the light can hurt people's eyes.Besides，it can lead to fires.Lastly，kerosene is expensive，so families have less money for food.It was difficult to come up with a different kind of lamp that was cheap and good for the environment.Yet Evans did not give up. One day，he had an idea.He could use a small solar light.Sunlight is free and solar power is good for the environment.Evans built his first solar lamp，and it worked.He began to build more lamps and sent them to local families.An organization heard about this and provided money for him to build more solar lamps. Each lamp only cost ＄20.However，this was a lot of money to many villagers，who only earned around ＄34 a week，so Evans made sure he kept the cost down.First，Evans used recycled materials.Next，volunteers built the lamps.Finally，people from many countries gave away money to his team，so the lamps were usually free. Thousands of people had safe light.Julia，a mother of three，said， "Thanks to Evans，my children have light to read，and I have my own light to cook." The solar lamps made a big difference. （1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refer to？ 　C　 A.Leaving school. B.Doing homework. C.Having eye problems. D.Having a bright idea. （2）How many problems about kerosene lamps are mentioned according to Paragraph 2？ 　C　 A.6. B.5. C.4. D.3. （3）Put the following information into correct order according to the passage. 　A　 a.Evans went to a university. b.Thousands of people had safe light. c.His first solar lamp was invented. d.Kerosene lamps hurt Evans' eyes. e.Recycled materials were used in the lamps. A.d﹣a﹣c﹣e﹣b B.d﹣b﹣a﹣e﹣c C.a﹣d﹣e﹣c﹣b D.a﹣e﹣c﹣d﹣b （4）Why does the writer give Julia' s example in Paragraph 5？ 　B　 A.To share Julia' s experience. B.To show Evans' influence. C.To describe Evans' feelings. D.To introduce Evans' invention. （5）What is Evans like according to the passage？ 　D　 A.Polite and humorous. B.Quiet and Smart. C.Humorous and friendly. D.Smart and friendly. 【考点】杰出人物；记叙文．版权所有 【答案】CCABD 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个来自非洲村庄的男子埃文斯发明太阳能灯的故事。 【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据第一段Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult.（埃文斯的眼睛疼，这使学习变得困难。）可知，this指代埃文斯眼睛疼这件事情，所以C选项符合题意，故选：C。 （2）推理判断题。根据第二段First，it can cause illnesses such as coughs.Also，the light can hurt people's eyes.Besides，it can lead to fires.Lastly，kerosene is expensive，so families have less money for food.（首先，它会引起咳嗽等疾病。此外，光线会伤害人们的眼睛。此外，它可能导致火灾。最后，煤油很贵，所以家庭买食物的钱少了。）可知，第二段提到了4个关于煤油灯的问题，故选：C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第一段Evans' eyes hurt and this made studying difficult.（埃文斯的眼睛疼，这使学习变得困难。）第二段Although studying was difficult，Evans was an excellent student and went to a university.（虽然学习很困难，但埃文斯是个优秀的学生，上了大学。）第三段Evans built his first solar lamp，and it worked.（埃文斯制造了他的第一盏太阳能灯，并且成功了。）第四段First，Evans used recycled materials.（首先，埃文斯使用了回收材料。）第五段Thousands of people had safe light.（成千上万的人有了安全灯。）可知，正确的排列顺序应是d﹣a﹣c﹣e﹣b，故选：A。 （4）推理判断题。根据第五段Thousands of people had safe light.Julia，a mother of three，said， "Thanks to Evans，my children have light to read，and I have my own light to cook." The solar lamps made a big difference.（成千上万的人有了安全灯。茱莉亚是三个孩子的母亲，她说："多亏了埃文斯，我的孩子们有了读书的灯，我也有了做饭的灯。"太阳能灯带来了很大的改变。）可知，举茱莉亚的例子是为了说明埃文斯的发明创造给人们带来的影响，故选：B。 （5）推理判断题。根据Although studying was difficult，Evans was an excellent student and went to a university.（虽然学习很困难，但埃文斯是个优秀的学生，上了大学。）可知，埃文斯在艰苦的学习环境下还上了大学，说明他很聪明；根据Evans made sure he kept the cost down.（埃文斯确保降低成本。以及Thousands of people had safe light.（成千上万的人有了安全灯。）可知，埃文斯想方设法降低太阳能的制作成本，是为了让穷人也能用上太阳能，说明他是聪明友善的，故选：D。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 10．（2024•无锡模拟）My brother and I were driving home together and started talking.Because of this distraction （分心），my brother took a wrong turn. Unfortunately，the wrong turn took us toward a bridge，and we had no way of turning back.My brother had to pay to cross the bridge.He was clearly upset by the mistake. As we drove forward，my brother noticed a car pulled over to the side of the road.A young guy was standing nearby trying to phone someone.I was busy trying to find out which way we went next but my brother pulled over and asked the guy if he needed any help.And he did.He had a flat tire （轮胎）. My brother helped him change the flat.He said that this had been a bad week for him.Earlier he had gotten into a car accident，and now this flat on his way home from work.But he called us "a breath of fresh air" and kept thanking us.After we had finished the job，he thanked us again and pulled out ＄20 and tried to give it to us. "No，" my brother said."We were never supposed to even get on that bridge.We took a wrong turn.But now we know why we did.It was to help you.Thank you for turning our mistake into an opportunity to serve." What I loved most was watching my brother throughout this process.He was able to turn his bad mood （心情） over the mistake into positive （积极的） energy.He was able to see a chance to help （which I totally missed!） even in a bad situation. That was the bridge we were meant to cross. （1）How did the writer's brother feel when they took a wrong turn at first？ 　B　 A．Calm. B．Unhappy. C．Scared. D．Excited. （2）What's the right order according to the passage？ 　D　 ①The man tried to give us ＄20 to thank us. ②My brother helped the guy change the flat. ③My brother drove in the wrong direction. ④We saw a car pulled over on the road. A．④③①② B．②①④③ C．③①④② D．③④②① （3）What does the underlined word "that" in the last paragraph refer to？ 　C　 A．Turning strangers into good friends. B．Turning difficulties into happiness. C．Turning bad things into the good. D．Turning dangers into challenges. 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解．版权所有 【答案】BDC 【分析】本文讲述了我和弟弟开车回家途中怪错了方向，一开始弟弟很沮丧，但后来因为帮助了路人换轮胎，改变自己的坏心情的故事。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段He was clearly upset by the mistake.（他显然对这个错误感到不安。）可知当作者的兄弟一开始转错弯时，他们感觉不开心。故选B。 （2）语序排列题。根据第一段my brother took a wrong turn.（我弟弟拐错了方向。）第三段As we drove forward，my brother noticed a car pulled over to the side of the road.（当我们向前行驶时，我哥哥注意到一辆车停在路边。）第四段My brother helped him change the flat.（我哥哥帮他换了轮胎。）第四段he thanked us again and pulled out ＄20 and tried to give it to us.（他再次向我们表示感谢，拿出20美元，试图给我们。）可知正确语序为③④②①。故选D。 （3）词义理解题。根据最后一段That was the bridge we were meant to cross.（那是我们要穿过的桥。）可知that指"把坏事变成好事。"故选C。 【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 11．（2024•河东区模拟）An artist （画家） went to a beautiful part of the country for a holiday and stayed with a farmer．Every day he went out with his paints and brushes （颜料和画笔） and painted till evening．When it got dark he went back to the farm and had a good dinner before he went to bed． At the end of his holiday he wanted to pay the farmer，but the farmer said， "No，I don't want money．But give me one of your pictures．What's money？In a week，it will all be finished，but your picture will still be here．" The artists was very pleased and thanked the farmer for saying such kind things about his pictures．The farmer smiled and answered， "It's not that．My son is a student in London．He wants to become an artist．When he comes home next month，I'll show him your picture，and he will not want to be an artist any more，I think．" （1）Where did the artist spend his holiday？ 　B　 A．On the beach． B．In the countryside． C．In the mountains． D．In a foreign country． （2）The underlined word "it" refer to （指的是） 　A　． A．money B．the picture C．the holiday D．time （3）What does the farmer's son do？ 　D　 A．A teacher． B．An artist． C．A worker． D．A student． （4）After hearing the farmer's words，perhaps the artist would be 　D　． A．very worried B．very happy C．very thankful D．very disappointed （失望的） （5）From the passage，we can learn that 　D　． A．the artist got up late every day during the holiday B．the artist went outside for a walk after having dinner C．the farmer's son wanted to be a farmer like his father D．the farmer thought the artist's pictures were not good 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解．版权所有 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】这个故事说的是一个画家去农村度假，住在一个农民家里，他每天从早到晚的画画．临走的时候，他想给农民一些钱，但是农民不要，他想要画家的画，用这个画告诉自己的儿子不要再学画画了． 【解答】（1）B 细节理解题：根据An artist （画家） went to a beautiful part of the country for a holiday一位艺术家去乡村一个美丽的地方度假．故选B． （2）A 词义理解题：根据What's money？In a week，it will all be finished，but your picture will still be here．"钱是什么？一个星期后，钱就会被用完，但你的照片仍然会在这里．"即it指代的是钱，故选A． （3）D 细节理解题：根据My son is a student in London．我儿子是伦敦的一名学生．故选D． （4）D 细节理解题：根据He wants to become an artist．When he comes home next month，I'll show him your picture，and he will not want to be an artist any more，I think．他想成为一名艺术家．我想下个月他回家时，我会给他看你的照片，他不会再想当艺术家了．意思是农民不要画家的钱，而是想要他的一幅画，他想用画家的画告诉他的儿子不要再学画画了．由此我们可以看出，一定是农民觉得画家的画太差了．故艺术家可能会感到失望，故选D． （5）D 推测理解题：根据He wants to become an artist．When he comes home next month，I'll show him your picture，and he will not want to be an artist any more，I think．他想成为一名艺术家．我想下个月他回家时，我会给他看你的照片，他不会再想当艺术家了．意思是农民不要画家的钱，而是想要他的一幅画，他想用画家的画告诉他的儿子不要再学画画了．由此我们可以看出，一定是农民觉得画家的画太差了．故选D． 【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题． 12．（2024•河西区二模）When Marion Sheppard began to go blind in her 40s，she cried，screamed，and felt sorry for herself.The doctor said she would never regain her vision（视力）.It would only get worse，"This isn't fair，"Sheppard said over and over again. Since she was a little girl，Sheppard had always been a dance lover.But now she was so scared that she would never leave her apartment.She was afraid that，unable to see a stranger，she would be hurt on the streets.But mostly，she worried about the way she would appear to the world.She continually wondered， "What if people look at me differently and treat me differently？" But after several months of sadness and fear，Sheppard started to tell herself， "You don't understand yet，but you've got to keep moving." As hard as it was，Sheppard forced herself to go out.She pushed herself to attend various social events.As a single mother of one daughter，Sheppard continued her library job at The New York Times until her vision further got worse in her 50s.She kept moving，and she kept dancing，following her passion. Sheppard was 61 when she attended a summer camp for the blind in 2008，where she taught her first dancing class.After that，she asked a Manhattan community center if she could teach there，but was refused because it would be too dangerous for the students.At last，she made the managers believe that she could teach very well as a volunteer. Right up until the COVID﹣19 closed things down，Sheppard was teaching over a dozen people to move to the music.But Sheppard taught her beloved students on far more than dance steps.With confidence﹣building words and encouragement，she also gave them dignity （自尊） and independence. In Sheppard's classes，each student would dance in the center of the group，making moves as the others cheer them on.As Sheppard says，"We may be blind，but we're doing our thing." （1）What was Sheppard mostly afraid of after going blind？ 　C　 A．The danger on the streets. B．Losing the self﹣care ability. C．The way people treated her. D．Being unable to dance anymore. （2）When did Sheppard's vision further get worse？ 　B　 A．In her 40s. B．In her 50s. C．When she was 61. D．In 2008. （3）Why did the community center refuse Sheppard's request？ 　D　 A．It needed a lot of space. B．It was Sheppard's first class. C．It required volunteers in class. D．It might cause danger to students. （4）Which of the following is correct about Sheppard's classes？ 　A　 A．They are only for the blind. B．They are cheaper than other classes. C．They are filled with lots of training. D．They are good for people's mental（精神的） health. （5）What can we learn from Sheppard？ 　D　 A．Willpower can fight off illness. B．Dancing makes people happier. C．Dreams break down difficulties. D．Good attitudes light up our lives. 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】CBDAD 【分析】本文主要讲述了Sheppard即使变成了盲人仍然热爱舞蹈还去教学生的人生故事。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据She continually wondered， "What if people look at me differently and treat me differently？（她一直在想，"如果人们看待我的方式不同，对待我的方式也不同怎么办？）可知，Sheppard 失明后最害怕人们对待她的方式。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据until her vision further got worse in her 50s.（直到50多岁时视力进一步恶化。）可知，Sheppard 的视力在她50多岁进一步恶化。故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据but was refused because it would be too dangerous for the students.（但被拒绝了，因为这对学生来说太危险了。）可知，社区中心拒绝了Sheppard的请求，因为这可能会对学生造成危险。故选D。 （4）推理判断题。根据Sheppard was 61 when she attended a summer camp for the blind in 2008，where she taught her first dancing class.（2008年，谢泼德61岁时参加了一个盲人夏令营，在那里她教了她的第一节舞蹈课。）可知，关于Sheppard的课只有盲人上，是正确的。故选A。 （5）细节判断题。根据Right up until the COVID﹣19 closed things down，Sheppard was teaching over a dozen people to move to the music.But Sheppard taught her beloved students on far more than dance steps.With confidence﹣building words and encouragement，she also gave them dignity （自尊） and independence.（直到新冠肺炎疫情结束，Sheppard一直在教十几个人跟着音乐走。但Sheppard教她心爱的学生的不仅仅是舞步。通过建立信任的言辞和鼓励，她也给了他们尊严和独立。）以及In Sheppard's classes，each student would dance in the center of the group，making moves as the others cheer them on.As Sheppard says，"We may be blind，but we're doing our thing."（在谢泼德的课堂上，每个学生都会在小组的中心跳舞，在其他人为他们欢呼时做出动作。正如谢泼德所说，"我们可能是瞎子，但我们在做自己的事"。）可知，我们能从Sheppard身上学到好的态度照亮我们的生活。故选D。 【点评】认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义测，推理判断，选出正确的选项。 13．（2024•大庆三模）Wu Lin，a college student，has found a good way to save money.Every week，she goes to a store selling near expired （临期的） food. "These goods are usually sold at 30% to 50% of the market price.I am really a big fan of them，" she said. Wu is not alone.Buying near expired food at much lower prices has become popular among many young Chinese people.China's near expired food market reached more than 30 billion（ 十亿）yuan in 2020 and 47.8% of the buyers are aged 26 to 35 according to a report.Around 2.1 million people buy such food online every year ，reported Xinhua. Some people worry whether near﹣expired food is safe to eat.Liu Shaowei，a researcher from East China University of Science and Technology ，said，"Near expired goods haven't expired yet.If they are stored well，there is no problem in their safety.People can feel safe eating them." Near﹣ expired goods that went uneaten and unsold play a big part in food waste，reported Guangming Daily."A great number of expired and near ﹣expired goods went to waste.It was a great loss，"said Li Yunjing，a shop worker in Anhui. China has started the anti﹣food waste law（反食品浪费法）.It shows the need to save food.More young people are learning that food waste can be harmful to the environment.Now many of them take pride in buying near expired food，reported CGTN. （1）What can we know about Wu Lin？ 　B　 A．She sells near expired food in college. B．She likes buying near expired food a lot. C．She worries if near expired food is safe. D．She seldom buys near expired food. （2）How does the writer show that near expired food is popular in Paragraph 2？ 　C　 A．By raising questions. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By making comparisons. （3）What's the main idea of Paragraph 3？ 　A　 A．The safety of near﹣expired food. B．The law on near expired food. C．The popularity of near expired food. D．The price of near expired food. （4）How do many young people feel about buying near﹣expired food according to CGTN？ 　D　 A．Sad. B．Unsafe. C．Worried. D．Proud. 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解．版权所有 【答案】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 【分析】本文主要讲述了临期食品越来越受到年轻人的喜爱，它们不仅物美价廉，还有助干减少粮食的浪费，专家认为，临期食品不会给人们带来伤害，所以可以放心食用。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Wu Lin，a college student，has found a good way to save money.Every week，she goes to a store selling near expired （临期的） food.（大学生吴琳找到了一个省钱的好方法。每周，她都会去一家卖临期食品的商店。）可知吴琳很喜欢买临期的食物。故选B。 （2）细节判断题。根据China's near expired food market reached more than 30 billion（ 十亿）yuan in 2020 and 47.8% of the buyers are aged 26 to 35 according to a report.Around 2.1 million people buy such food online every year ，reported Xinhua.（据一份报告称，2020年，中国临期的食品市场规模超过300亿元，47.8%的买家年龄在26岁至35岁之间。据新华社报道，每年约有210万人在网上购买此类食品。）可推断出作者通过列出数字，说明临期的食品很受欢迎。故选C。 （3）段落大意题。根据Liu Shaowei，a researcher from East China University of Science and Technology ，said，"Near expired goods haven't expired yet.If they are stored well，there is no problem in their safety.People can feel safe eating them."（华东科技大学的研究员刘少伟说："临期的商品还没有过期。如果它们存放好，就不会有安全问题。人们可以放心食用。"可知第三段主要讲临期食品的安全问题。故选A。 （4）细节理解题。根据Now many of them take pride in buying near expired food，reported CGTN.中国国际电视台报道称，现在他们中的许多人以购买临期的食品为荣。）可知根据中国国际电视台报道，许多年轻人以购买临期的食品为荣。故选D。 BCAD 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。 14．（2024•芜湖模拟）As I grow up，I gradually know that life plays a very important role in my education I really wanted to achieve．What I mean is that life can teach you things no one else can．Luckily for you，it's time to have lessons of life．Pay attention and you can know what I call the school of life． Use Your Head You have to be smart to survive （生存） in this world．Anytime you need to make a move， stop and think．Obviously there will be times when you need to take action first，but if you've been taking the time to plan，you'll always make the right choice．Fail to plan，plan to fail． Set Your Goals In my team，if you don't finish the job well，we will fire you．Your goals should be on building a basic of solid and complete work．Make certain a list of what you have to do and start with the biggest and most difficult task．The key here is goals． Respect Your Superiors （上级） Your boss is in his position for a reason，no matter what you think of him．If he's not the best one，be patient﹣he'll be out of there soon．In the meantime，you have to respect him as your superior．That means following orders and closing your mouth．If you don't respect your boss，how will you expect the people under you to do the same？ Keep Your Cool You should never let your emotions （情绪） control you．You should learn to keep calm．Never lose your cool when dealing in business，or it will ruin the whole thing． The school of life can be hard，but if you're smart and play your cards right，you can come out with an A+．Just treat every situation as a learning experience．I hope you've studied． （1）From the passage，we learn that the author is probably 　D　． A．a young student B．a regular customer C．a magazine editor D．an experienced manager （2）It can be learnt from the passage that 　C　． A．you will win your life if you fail to make your plan B．setting goals isn't important when you're doing a job C．it will ruin the whole thing if you lose your cool D．you can never get an A+if you keep working hard （3）The underlined phrase"make a move"in the passage means" 　B　"in Chinese． A．移动 B．行动 C．感动 D．搬家 （4）According to the passage，what should you do if your boss isn't the best one？ 　A　 A．Respect him as your superior． B．Don't follow his orders． C．Make him out of his position． D．Don't close your mouth． （5）Which would be the best title for the passage？ 　B　 A．The School of Life Can Be Hard B．Learning from the School of Life C．All of Your Favourite Education D．Hoping for a Chance to Be on Top． 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解；推理判断；词句猜测；最佳标题．版权所有 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】本文主要讲述了长大后渐渐的知道了生活在教育当中扮演着一个非常重要的角色，可以教你一些没有人可以教你的东西，比如：动脑、设定你的目标、尊重你的上级和保持冷静等．应该学会对待学校生活像学习经验一样． 【解答】（1）D推理判断题．根据Just treat every situation as a learning experience．I hope you've studied．和对整篇文章内容的理解，可以猜测出作者是一名有经验的管理者．故选D． （2）C细节理解题．根据Never lose your cool when dealing in business，or it will ruin the whole thing．可知做生意时千万不要失去冷静，否则会毁了整件事．故选C． （3）B词义猜测题．根据下一句Obviously there will be times when you need to take action first显然，有些时候你会需要先采取行动，此处应该是：任何时候你需要采取行动，停下来想一想，故选B． （4）A细节理解题．根据If If he's not the best one，be patient﹣he'll be out of there soon．In the meantime，you have to respect him as your superior如果他不是最好的，要有耐心，你必须尊重他，他是你的上级．故选A． （5）B标题归纳题．根据．Luckily for you，it's time to have lessons of life．Pay attention and you can know what I call the school of life．可知本文讲述的是生活在教育当中扮演着一个非常重要的角色，故选B． 【点评】做题时要在理解好文意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对，进行选择或推理判断，找出符合文章内容的正确答案．做题注意灵活，有时可采用排除法或直选法确定出最终答案． 15．（2024•芜湖模拟）Today let's meet China's excellent diplomats（外交官）. Liu Xiaoming is China's ambassador to the UK.An ambassador is a country's highest representative （代表） sent to another country.Liu speaks fluent English and knows British culture well.He has done so excellent work that he is respected by the British people. Hua Chunying is a Foreign Ministry Spokesperson （新闻发言人）.Spokespersons hold press conferences （记者会） from Monday to Friday，where they answer questions from both Chinese and foreign media（媒体）.Hua is good at answering harsh questions.China now has three spokespersons and Hua is the only woman. Wang Yi is the Minister of Foreign Affairs（外交部长）.He often visits foreign countries and represents China at international meetings.He also writes articles on newspapers explaining China's foreign policies （政策）.Wang learned Japanese in college and was once the ambassador to Japan. （1）The underlined word "ambassador" means 　B　. A．交换生 B．大使 C．观察员 D．记者 （2）How many spokespersons does China have according to the passage？ 　C　 A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. （3）Which of the following is TRUE？ 　B　 A．Hua Chunying represents China at international meetings. B．Wang Yi used to be the ambassador to Japan. C．Spokespersons hold press conferences （记者会） at the weekends. D．Liu Xiaoming is learning to answer harsh questions with Hua Chunying. 【考点】杰出人物；细节理解．版权所有 【答案】BCB 【分析】本文向大家介绍了三位非常优秀的外交官。 【解答】（1）词意推断题。根据第一个方框Liu Xiaoming is China 's ambassador to the UK .An ambassador is a country ' s highest representative sent to another country .（刘晓明是中国驻英国ambassador. ）ambassador是一个国家的最高代表被派往另一个国家。可知是大使的意思。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二个方框China now has three spokespersons and Hua is the only woman．（中国现在有三位发言人，华是唯一的女性。）可知根据这篇文章，中国有3个发言人。故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第三个方框Wang learned Japanese in college and was once the ambassador to Japan．（王毅在日本学习日语，曾任日本大使。）可知B项王毅曾任驻日本大使，是正确的。故选B。 【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 考点卡片 1．杰出人物 【考点介绍】 杰出人物类文章主要涉及历史上或当代的杰出人物，包括科学家、政治家、企业家、艺术家等，以及他们的成就、经历和影响。这类文章可能以传记、访谈或新闻报道等形式出现，通常会涉及对人物的成长经历、成就和影响的分析。 【解题思路】 1.明确文章主题和目的：快速浏览文章以确定主题和目的。这有助于理解文章的主要内容，并帮助你把握文章的大致走向。 2.了解人物的生平和背景：仔细阅读文章，注意人物的生平和背景。例如，出生地、成长经历、家庭背景等。注意这些信息，以便更好地理解人物的成长环境和驱动力。 3.注意人物的成就和贡献：文章可能强调人物的成就和贡献。例如，科学发现、艺术作品、经济成就等。注意这些信息，以便更好地理解人物的重要性和影响。 4.了解人物的性格和价值观：文章可能介绍人物的性格和价值观。例如，坚韧不拔、创新思维、社会责任感等。注意这些内容，以便更好地理解人物的内在动力和精神风貌。 5.语法和拼写检查：在完成回答时，一定要花时间检查你的答案的语法和拼写，以确保你的答案在语法和拼写上都是正确的。 6.利用已知信息：如果在考试中遇到关于你对某种杰出人物的看法等问题，而文章中没有明确的信息，你可以利用你已经知道的信息来回答问题。 2．记叙文 【考点介绍】 在英语考试中，"记叙文"类文章主要涉及个人或他人的经历、事件、情感等方面，通常以第一人称或第三人称的角度进行叙述。这类文章可能包括故事、回忆录、游记、传记等不同形式，考查学生对语言表达和情感态度的理解能力。 【解题思路】 1.抓住主题和关键信息：阅读时要注意文章中的时间、地点、人物和事件等关键信息，并理解作者的情感态度和主题。 2.理解文章结构：记叙文通常有时间顺序、因果关系等结构特点，注意把握文章中的转折、承接等逻辑关系。 3.注意细节：阅读时要注重细节描写，这些细节可能直接或间接地反映出作者的情感和态度，也可能构成文章的线索。 4.完形填空：在完形填空题中，要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意人物性格和情感的变化以及情节的推进。 5.写作：如果要求写作记叙文，要明确人称和时态，注意事件的起承转合和人物性格的刻画。同时，运用适当的修辞手法可以增强文章的表现力。 3．细节理解 【考点介绍】 英语阅读中的"细节理解"考点主要考察考生对文章中特定细节的理解和把握能力。这类考点通常会以各种形式出现，例如直接细节题、间接细节题、细节转换题等。这类题目通常会涉及到文章中的一些具体事实、细节，如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等。 【解题思路】 1.抓住关键词：首先，考生需要先明确题目中询问的具体内容，一般来说，题目中的"细节"一词通常会与时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等关键词一起出现。 2.精准定位：在找到关键词后，考生需要快速浏览文章，找到与题目中询问的内容相关的段落。注意，题目中的细节可能会出现在不同的段落中，因此考生需要仔细阅读每个段落，尤其是包含关键词的句子及其周围的句子。 3.理解细节内容：在找到相关段落后，考生需要仔细阅读该段落的每一句话，理解其具体含义。对于其中的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等细节信息，考生需要特别注意。同时，考生还需要注意段落中的逻辑关系，这有助于理解细节信息的真正含义。 4.对比选项：一般来说，正确答案会在原文中直接给出或者根据原文中的细节信息进行推理得到。考生要注意选项中的细节是否与原文一致，尤其要注意那些在原文中被特别强调的信息。 5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会给出与原文相似但不完全一致的信息，或者给出一些原文中没有提到的信息。考生要学会识别这些干扰项，从而排除它们，找到正确答案。 4．主旨大意 【考点介绍】 主旨大意题是指考生需根据文章整体内容，概括出文章的主题、主旨或者核心观点。这类题目要求考生能够理解和把握文章的宏观结构，同时能够从文章中获取关键信息并对其进行归纳总结。主旨大意题在英语阅读考试中十分常见，且通常作为考试的最后一道题目出现。 【解题思路】 1.快速浏览全文：对文章的内容和结构有一个大致的了解。在阅读过程中，要注意抓住文章的关键段落和语句。 2.寻找主题句：主题句通常位于文章的开头或结尾，能够概括文章的主要内容。考生要学会识别主题句，它通常是具有概括性、总结性的句子，有时还可能包含文章的主题词。 3.归纳总结：如果文章没有明确的主题句，考生需要通过理解全文内容，归纳总结出文章的主旨大意。要特别注意那些反复出现的关键词和强调的内容。 4.比对选项：在确定主旨大意后，考生需要比对选项，找到最能概括文章主旨的那一个。注意选项中是否包含关键词、是否忠于原文、是否过于片面或绝对。 5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离文章主题，或者包含与文章无关的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章主旨的选项。 5．推理判断 【考点介绍】 推理判断题是英语阅读中的高级题型，它要求考生在理解文章的基础上，根据文章中的线索和提示，推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。推理判断题不仅要求考生对文章有深入的理解，还要求考生具备分析、推理和判断的能力。推理判断题通常会以两种形式出现：直接推理题和间接推理题。 【解题思路】 1.理解全文：首先，考生需要理解全文的大意和结构，了解作者的观点和态度。要特别注意那些表明作者观点或态度的关键词和语句，如形容词、副词、动词等。 2.抓住细节：要特别注意那些与文章主题相关的细节，如数据、事实、例子等。 3.分析推理：需要根据文章中的线索和提示，运用逻辑推理和分析判断的能力，推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。 4.比对选项：注意选项中是否与文章内容相符、是否符合逻辑、是否忠于原文。 5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离文章的主题或作者的意图，或者包含错误的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章内容和作者意图的选项。 6．词句猜测 【考点介绍】 词句猜测题是英语阅读中的常见题型之一，它要求考生在遇到生词或难以理解的句子时，能够通过上下文的信息进行推断和理解。这种能力对于阅读理解能力的提高非常有帮助，因为在实际的阅读过程中，我们经常会遇到一些不认识的单词或无法理解的句子。因此，考生需要学会利用上下文信息来猜测词句的意思。 1．词义猜测这种题经常是以以下的方式进行： The word in paragraph can best be replaced by… The underlined word most probably means..． By saying ，the author means… The expression is closest to… According to the passage，the phrase suggests… The underlined part （in Para． ） means … 2．词义猜测的方法 （1）利用构词法猜测词义 Failure at this later stage is unthinkable． 我们可以将 unthinkable 这个词拆成 un，think，able，其中 think 是词根，意为"想，认为"，un 是前缀，表示否定意义，able 是"能……的，可……的"，因此 unthinkable 的意思是"不可想象的"． （2）利用文中的定义猜测词义 A correspondent is a person with whom another person exchanges letters regularly．根据其定义不难猜出其意为"通信者"． （3）利用同义词或近义词猜测词义 The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house．Her neighbours all called her an eccentric lady．通过上下文可知 strange 为 eccentric 的同义词，由此我们可以猜出其意为 "怪的，古怪的"． （4）利用反义词猜测词义 Unlike her gregarious sister，Alice is a shy，unsociable person who does not like to go to parties or to make new friends．此句把 Alice 和她姐姐进行对比，说 Alice 性格腼腆、不爱交际，而她姐姐却与之相反，这样可知 gregarious 为 unsociable （不爱好交际的） 的反义词，意为爱好交际的． （5）利用文意来猜测词义 The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel．根据句意"门很矮，我的头撞在……"来看，头一定是撞在"横梁"上了． （6）利用举例或实例猜测词义 David is often voracious．One day he ate as much as three pounds of meat．通过实例，可猜出 voracious 为"狼吞虎咽的"． （7）利用常识或生活经历猜测词义 All the houses in this town collapsed during the strong earthquake．经验告诉我们，强烈的地震会使房屋倒塌，这样容易猜出 collapsed 意为"倒塌"． （8）利用词义重复猜测词义 My uncle was a nomad，an incurable wander who could never stay in one place．后半句其实是对前半句的重复表达，这样可以猜出 nomad 就是 wanderer（流浪者）的意思． （9）利用词义转折来猜测词义 This little girl is not stupid，on the contrary，no one could be more intelligent．根据 on the contrary 可以推出 intelligent 与 stupid 意思相反，意为"聪明的，有才能的"． （10）利用上下文逻辑关系猜测词义 She brought out a lot of things for us to eat﹣apples，pears，bananas，grapes， mangoes and some biscuits．依据上文"她拿出许多东西给我吃"以及 apples，pears，bananas 等词，很容易猜出这些词是食物． 【解题思路】 1.上下文阅读：尤其是与待猜测的单词或句子相关的内容。要特别注意那些能够提供线索的关键词和语句，如形容词、副词、动词等。 2.语境分析：即作者所描述的情境和情感等。 3.猜测推测：可以先根据上下文的逻辑关系，尝试理解单词或句子的意思；如果无法直接猜测，可以借助同义词、反义词等常见的语言现象进行推断。 4.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离正确的意思，或者包含错误的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章内容和上下文线索的选项。 5.选择正确答案：注意选项中是否与自己猜测的意思相符、是否符合逻辑、是否忠于原文。 7．最佳标题 【考点介绍】 最佳标题题是英语阅读中的常见题型之一，它要求考生在理解文章的基础上，选择一个最能概括文章主题的标题。这类题目不仅要求考生对文章的内容有深入的理解，还要求考生能够准确地把握文章的主旨大意。 【解题思路】 1.理解全文：首先，考生需要理解全文的大意和结构，了解作者的观点和态度。。 2.寻找主题句：主题句通常会出现在文章的开头或结尾，概括了文章的主要内容。注意那些反复出现的关键词和强调的内容。 3.概括主旨：注意关注文章的整体结构和逻辑关系，确保自己的概括能够准确地表达文章的主题。 4.分析选项：通常会有一个或两个干扰项，考生需要排除这些干扰项，选择一个最符合文章内容的标题。 5.自行概括：需要在概括主旨的基础上，用简练的语言表达出文章的主题。注意标题应该简短明了、具有概括性，并且不能太过于笼统或偏离主题。 6.检查选项：在确定答案后，考生需要对所选选项进行检查，确保答案与文章内容相符、忠于原文、表述准确。 第1页（共1页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$