2025年中考英语复习阅读理解专项集训：家庭、朋友与周围的人

2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之家庭、朋友与周围的人 一．阅读理解（共15小题） 1．（2024春•康平县期末） Never give up Jane was not very interested in animals when she was a child.Then，one day，her father gave her a toy chimpanzee.From that day on，she became really interested in animals. When she was a 16﹣year﹣old schoolgirl，Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa. Jane's mother said，"If you really want something，work hard and never give up.Then you'll find a way." Jane's mother was right.When she was 26，Jane travelled from Britain to the mountains of East Africa.She studied chimpanzees.She watched the animals for a long time and they became her friends.Jane discovered that these animals greet one another with a kiss or hug，and make and use tools﹣just like humans do. Jane Goodall is now well known all over the world.She made her dreams come true because she never gave up! （1）Who gave Jane a toy chimpanzee when she was a child？ 　 　 A.Her mum. B.Her dad. C.Her grandma. D.Her grandpa. （2）What was Jane's dream when she was 16 years old？ 　 　 A.Studying small animals in Asia. B.Studying big animals in Europe. C.Studying wild animals in America. D.Studying wild animals in Africa. （3）How did one chimpanzee greet another one？ 　 　 A.With a kiss. B.With a hug. C.With a kiss or hug. D.With some tools. （4）Why did Jane make her dream come true？ 　 　 A.Because she was a lovely student. B.Because she loved wild animals very much. C.Because she watched the wild animals for a long time and they became her friends. D.Because she never gave up. 2．（2024•邯郸二模） Hello，boys and girls.Let's talk about our parents' jobs in this class. My father is a football coach.He often teaches me how to play football in the playground.My mother is a doctor.She cares a lot about her patients. My father is a scientist.He works in a lab.I want to be a scientist like him.My mother is a middle school teacher.She loves her students very much. My father is a pilot.He takes people to different places.My mother is a TV reporter.They are very busy，so they have little time to be with me.But still，I love them. My parents are cleaners.No matter how bad the weather is，they get outside early in the morning and clean the streets.Sometimes I prepare breakfast for them. It doesn't matter what kind of jobs your parents have.They make our city a better place.They make great contributions to us，and everyone should take pride in them. （1）How many kinds of jobs are mentioned？ 　 　 A.Four. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Ten. （2）What does Daniel do for his parents？ 　 　 A.Make breakfast for them. B.Play football with them. C.Care a lot about them. D.Clean the street with them. （3）What does Ms.Gao want to tell the students？ 　 　 A.We should know our parents' jobs. B.We should help our parents. C.We should learn from our parents. D.We should be proud of our parents. 3．（2024•天桥区校级模拟）When he was a teenager ，Hunter Adams was very unhappy ，and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental（精神的） health problems. When he left hospital ，Adams decided to become a doctor ，so he went to Medical School in Virginia ，USA.But when he was there he did things in a different way.For example ，he didn't like the doctor's white coats.He preferred to wear shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients ，and he tried to make them laugh.The doctors at the medical school didn't like Adams very much because he was too different. But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine.He saw unhappy and lonely people ，and he tried to help them as patients ，but as people too.He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital ，and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh. When he finished medical school and became a doctor，Adams opened his own hospital ，called "the Gesundheit Institute" ，together with some other doctors.They wanted it to be a place in a different way of working with sick people . Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s ，and in 1998 ，Universal Pictures made a film about his life.It was very successful .In the film（called Patch Adams） ，Robin Williams played Adams.Williams said ，"Hunter is a really warm person ，who believes that patients need a doctor who's friend.I enjoyed playing him ." （1）What probably made Hunter decide to be a doctor ？ 　 　 A.His interest in medicine. B.His idea to open a hospital. C.His early experience as a teenager. D.His love for the lonely children around. （2）How was Hunter different from other doctors ？ 　 　 A.He was famous before working in hospital. B.He liked to wear shirts with flowers in them every day. C.He treated his patients as friends in every way possible. D.He was good at dealing with people who were mentally ill. （3）What does the underlined word "clown" in paragraph 3 probable mean ？ 　 　 A.木偶 B.小丑 C.外星人 D.蜘蛛侠 （4）In what order did the following things take place in Adams' life ？ 　 　 a.His life was made a film . b.He set up his own hospital. c.He had mental health problems. d.He studied in a medical school. e.He became a doctor. A.cabde B.cdeba C.beacd D.dcbae （5）What can we know from Robin Williams words ？ 　 　 A.He thought highly of Hunter. B.Every doctor needs a patient friend. C.He became a warm person ever after. D.A good actor makes a successful film. 4．（2024•安徽一模）Every Thursday morning，the 89﹣year﹣old grandma Wu Pinxian，plays beautiful piano music for people to relieve（缓解） their stress at the outpatient department（门诊大厅） of Panyu Central Hospital in Guangzhou，CCTV News reported. Wu has been a volunteer piano performer since the end of 2023.The hospital holds a piano performance every Thursday to create a relaxing environment and reduce patients' worries. Wu's music is effective：many patients and their relatives sing along with her piano and some have even become her fans.Until now，Wu has been performing there every Thursday for one and a half hours with just a short break for almost four months. Though Wu comforts others through her music，she herself is suffering from the pain of losing her husband，who passed away in December. ▲ Working as a volunteer in the hospital not only brings back the memories of youth，but also brings warmth to others and increase the value of life. Wu spends three to four hours practicing the piano every day.After picking up the piano as a hobby，she wants to realize her dream even if she is already 89. "I believe playing the piano allows the patients to listen to music，which provides them pleasure.Although I had not played the piano for a long time，it is good to play for others.I will do my best，"Wu wrote down in her diary. （1）Wu has been playing the piano in the hospital for 　 　. A.three to four hours B.almost four months C.a whole year D.89 years （2）Wu plays music in the hospital to 　 　. A.meet more fans B.make a living C.comfort patients D.practice the piano （3）Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ？ 　 　 A.She lives in a flat for the aged. B.And she always writes diaries. C.So that is a very positive event. D.She still says life has to go on. （4）Why are Wu's words from the diary quoted（引用）？ 　 　 A.To draw readers' interest in music. B.Because Wu calls on people to write diaries. C.To show Wu's quality more clearly. D.Because the patients want to see her diaries. 5．（2023秋•槐荫区期末）Today is Sunday.Bob is reading a book under a tree.Grandfather，an 80﹣year﹣old man，is sitting in the sun.Grandfather sees a model plane in the tree and asks him，"What's that in the tree，Bob？" "It's a model plane，"Bob answers. Then Grandfather asks him again，"What's that in the tree，Bob？""It's a model plane，"Bob tells him again. Later，Grandfather asks him that question again.Bob is annoyed and says loudly（大声地） to Grandfather，"It's a model plane!" Grandfather doesn't say a word.He goes into the house and then comes out with an old diary（日记） in his hand.Then he reads，"Wednesday，August 15.Today，my little Bob sees a thing in a tree and asks me what it is.I tell him that it's a model plane.He asks me many times（次数） and I tell him many times.I am really glad to see his happy face..." After hearing（听到） that，Bob's face turns red.He comes to Grandfather and hugs（拥抱） him.He knows he should be patient（耐心的） with his grandfather.He will be old one day. （1）Who is the old man？ 　 　 A.Bob's uncle. B.Bob's father. C.Bob's friend. D.Bob's grandfather. （2）How many times does Grandfather ask Bob？ 　 　 A.Twice. B.Three times. C.Four times. D.Five times. （3）What does the underlined word "annoyed" mean in Chinese？ 　 　 A.生气的 B.无聊的 C.高兴的 D.焦急的 （4）How does Bob feel after hearing Grandfather's diary？ 　 　 A.Cool. B.Great. C.Sorry. D.Happy. （5）What is the best title of the text？ 　 　 A.Keep a Diary Every Day B.Always Be Patient with the Old C.How to Find a Model Plane D.How to Ask Grandfather a Question 6．（2024•深圳模拟）Christina wanted to lead the way back to camp and went on talking cheerfully，asking different kinds of questions about plants and wildlife. As we walked about halfway down the hillside，she fell over a stone.I jogged up to where she tripped.Suddenly，I saw a lion about ten feet up on a huge rock watching me.It was making a long deep angry sound. I stood perfectly still，holding my breath，wondering what to do.Christina was crying down below.I couldn't shout to her to be quiet，or the lion might attack me. Then，remembering Dad's words，I slowly dropped my backpack and took off my T﹣shirt.With the pack on one arm and the T﹣shirt on the other，I spread my arms，trying to look as wide and big as I could.Carefully I moved away down the hillside toward Christina，keeping my eyes on the lion. "Christina，"I called."Stop crying.Get up slowly and catch my belt.We're going down the hill.There's a lion at the top." We moved quietly and slowly down the hill.Once back to the forest，with the lion out of view，I removed the sweat（汗水） from my face with my T﹣shirt before putting it on，and looked at Christina.Hatless，red eyes，a few small cuts but nothing major. I pulled out the map.The campground was on the other side of the hill.We had hike d for miles before we finally made our way back to our site. Dad saw me first. "Where have you been？"he shouted. "We were so worried，"Mother cried. "Mommy，you didn't have to worry.Sean is real smart."Christina said. I caught Dad's eye.He smiled.At that moment I realized I was a big brother. （1）How did Christina feel before she fell over a stone？ 　 　 A.Happy. B.Proud. C.Nervous. D.Worried. （2）What did Sean do when he first saw the lion？ 　 　 A.He started crying. B.He picked up a huge rock. C.He remained still. D.He jogged up to his sister. （3）Why did Sean try to look wide and big？ 　 　 A.To keep balance. B.To scare the lion. C.To show confidence. D.To prepare to fight. （4）What can we infer（推断） from Paragraph 6？ 　 　 A.Sean didn't care about Christina at all. B.Sean didn't relax until he reached the forest. C.Christina got badly hurt on the way back. D.Christina comforted Sean by cleaning his face. （5）What is the best title of this passage？ 　 　 A.Father's Smiling Eyes B.A Terrible Mountain Lion C.The Way to Becoming a Big Brother D.Christina's Exciting Wild Adventure 7．（2023秋•郑州期末）Two men were sharing a hospital room.One man was so sick that he could not even move his body or look around the room.The other man could move，but was also very ill.They shared lots of things together and even talked about what they hoped to do after they got better.Over time，the two men became good friends. But there was one thing about the room that was special for both of them.The man who could move would look out of the room's only window，describing the scenery outside for his friend.He told him about the people walking by，the weather﹣﹣anything that might interest a man who had not seen the world out of his bed for some time. One day，when a nurse came to check on the two men，she found that the man who often looked out of the window had died in his sleep.Sadly，she informed the other man that his friend had died and called for nurses to take the dead man away. The other man asked to be moved to the dead man's bed so that he could look out of the window himself.The nurses moved him to the other bed.However，the man found that there was no window at all﹣﹣just a blank wall.The nurses explained that the dead man had been blind.He had never actually seen anything outside the window at all﹣﹣but he described beautiful scenes to encourage his friend.Sometimes all we need in life is a little encouragement﹣﹣even if it comes from an unlikely place. （1）What was special for both of the men？ 　 　 A.They shared lots of things together. B.They talked about what they hoped to do after they got better. C.One man could not move his body but the other man could move. D.One of them would look out of the window and describe the scenery outside. （2）Which has the same meaning with "informed" in Paragraph 3？ 　 　 A.We need time to inform the problem. B.Science and technology informs our lives. C.Please inform us of any changes of your address. D.He informed on his own brother because of his crime. （3）The other man asked to move him to the dead man's bed because 　 　 A.he wanted to see the dead man himself. B.he could look out of the window himself. C.the two man often talked about who could look out of the window. D.he really wanted to know if his friend could see the scenery outside. （4）Which of the following can best describe the dead man？ 　 　 A.Kind and wise. B.Caring and humorous. C.Friendly and brave. D Patient and hard﹣working. （5）What does the writer try to tell us？ 　 　 A.Never give up our hope. B.Don't care too much about others. C.Try our best to make our dreams come true. D.When we are in trouble，we need to encourage each other. 8．（2023秋•娄星区期末）During my primary school years，I went to school with Tiffany every day.We spent many happy moments but I used to compare my mom with her mom. Tiffany's mom was nice and kind.She always gave her lots of money to buy the most fashionable clothes and favorite food.Her mom allowed her to do anything she liked.I really admired Tiffany. I always complained to my mom，"Tiffany's mom will give her that!I wish she were my mom."Every time，my mom would calmly say"Poor Tiffany".I couldn't understand her."She shouldn't be feeling sorry for Tiffany!"I thought. "She should be feeling sorry for me." One day，I couldn't help saying to Mom，"Poor Tiffany？Lucky Tiffany!She gets everything she wants!Why do you feel sorry for her？"I cried.My mom sat down next to me and said softly."Dear Anne，I do feel sorry for her.I have been teaching you a lesson that she will never be taught." She continued，"Anne，I have taught you useful lessons by not giving you everything you want.You'll know how to be yourself and save money，but she won't.You'll understand that you need to work hard to get the things that you want but she won't.Life lessons are more important than modern clothes and delicious food." It took some time，but I finally understood my mom's words.Now I am a happy and successful woman. （1）What did Anne use to do during the primary school years？ 　 　 A.Go to school happily. B.Compare her mom with Tiffany's. C.Make friends with Tiffany's mom. （2）Why did Anne admire Tiffany？ 　 　 A.Tiffany had a lot of money. B.Tiffany was good at schoolwork. C.Tiffany was popular among classmates. （3）What did she actually mean when Anne's mom said"Poor Tiffany"？ 　 　 A.Tiffany was not rich. B.She wanted Anne to help Tiffany. C.Tiffany's mother gave her too much. （4）How did Anne's mother teach her useful lessons？ 　 　 A.By explaining to her softly. B.By not giving her everything she wanted. C.By making her work hard day and night to get the things. （5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　 A.Anne is thankful to her mother. B.Anne is rich and successful now. C.Life lessons are as important as money. 9．（2023•钦州一模）One Sunday，I decided to tidy my bookshelf up.Suddenly，a white envelope（信封） fell to the floor.I was surprised!I couldn't remember putting the envelope on my shelf.It looks like it was years ago!Anyway，I opened the envelope carefully.Inside it，there was a piece of paper.It was a letter written by my mom.I read it. My dear children， I love you so much!This is not a letter to be posted.I have written this in the hope that one day you will find it.Yes，I wanted to let you know something that I thought was not suitable（合适的） to talk face to face. Life is too short and full of change.What I say is not new at all，but why I say it is important.If you are reading this，I am no longer with you.You are alone now.I'm not there to help you or give you any kind of advice.But I have confidence（自信） that the steps you take will be sound and wise. The world around you can be confusing（令人困惑的）.But if you look inside yourself，you can light your path and find out where to go.Remember the saying "you reap what you sow（播种）".The way you act will have an impact（影响） on your life.Be careful with every step.Be positive as much as possible.All of you are great children.I hope you can understand what I mean.Be kind to others and to yourself. Yours， Mom I was silent for a long time，holding that letter.I thought about how much I loved and missed my mother. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 （1）What made the writer surprised？ 　 　 A．A white envelope. B．A dirty bookshelf. C．A piece of paper. （2）What do we know about the letter？ 　 　 A．The writer wrote the letter at a young age. B．The letter was written to the writer's mother. C．The writer's mother put the letter on the shelf secretly. （3）According to the letter，which of the following is TRUE？ 　 　 A．The mother didn't have time to post the letter. B．The mother believed in her children's decisions. C．The mother was not good at talking face to face. （4）What does the underlined word "sound" mean in Chinese？ 　 　 A．正确的 B．值得的 C．合理的 （5）What did the mother wish her children to do？ 　 　 A．Be kind to people. B．Follow all her advice. C．Spend all their time studying. 10．（2023•遵化市二模）In an English class，students are talking about a problem in groups. Tom：Parents worry about their children when there is no one at home.Through home cameras，parents can not only keep their kids from the danger，but also encourage them to develop good study habits. John：When I was in middle school，my mom set up a camera.I wanted to play computer games now and then.But after playing games，I couldn't go back to my study immediately.So I think my mom helps me a lot in this special way. Lucy：Kids who are older shouldn't be monitored（监控），but parents can limit （限制） the time their children spend on apps.It would be much better to help students learn how to make full use of their time.At the same time，parents also need to trust their children and give them enough freedom（自由）. Mary：How to control themselves is one of the important skills kids will need in the future.But using cameras won't help kids get the skill，and they will always find ways to avoid the cameras.What's more，having a camera might also do bad for parents' work，too. （1）What are they talking about？ 　 　 A．Should parents monitor their kids？ B．How to deal with problems with parents？ C．Is it important to develop good study habits？ D．What are the skills students need in the future？ （2）Which is John's idea？ 　 　 A．Parents should trust their children. B．Parents help him a lot in a special way. C．Students should limit time on using apps. D．Students should learn to control themselves. （3）Who disagree on the parents' idea？ 　 　 A．Tom and John. B．John and Lucy. C．Tom and Mary. D．Lucy and Mary. 11．（2022•湖北）A famous person once said，"We live much happier lives when we are generous（慷慨的） in as many ways as possible." I love persimmons（柿子）.A few years ago，ready to fly from San Francisco to Boston，I packed two persimmons，one of which I ate in the waiting room.A lady asked me from which store in the airport the fruit was bought.She looked a bit disappointed hearing that it couldn't be bought from any store in this airport.I thought to myself， "I can give the second persimmon away." When I offered her the fruit，at first she refused，but when I insisted（坚持），she became glad and accepted.I felt happy to make someone else happy，and I thought it was the end of the story. Sometime during the flight，the lady met me in the aisle（过道） and thanked me again.She shared that she had grown up in Russia，where there was a persimmon tree in the yard of her childhood home.She now lived in Boston，where she hadn't been able to find the fruit.The taste of the persimmon was valuable to her，reconnecting her with memories of her family. Only then did the tiny act make a difference to me.As a famous saying goes， " ▲ " The taste of the persimmon that I offered to the lady gives me more joy than all the ones I have eaten. （1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　 A．The persimmons are very expensive. B．The persimmons can be bought everywhere. C．The lady can hardly find persimmons in Boston. D．The lady knew where to buy persimmons at the airport. （2）The lady thanked the writer twice because 　 　. A．the persimmon was very delicious B．she could eat a persimmon for free C．the persimmon reminded her of her childhood memories D．she wanted to have a talk with the writer about her family （3）Which of the following sayings can be the best choice for" ▲ "？ 　 　 A．Giving is receiving. B．Use it or lose it. C．One tree can't make a forest. D．It's a piece of cake. 12．（2021秋•长安区校级期末）My father died when I was five.It was hard on us all.My brother，who is eight years older than me，began to take care of my mother and me. I remember he made sure the rubbish was taken out，and the yard was cleaned.He did on his own，without being told to do so.Brother would get me up for school and make me breakfast.While I was eating，he would lay out my clothes，make my bed，and gather my school books up. Hand in hand，we would walk to the bus stop.As we waited，he would play games my father used to play with me.When we returned form school，we would alone for about half an hour，until mom was home from work.Before I did my homework，he would sit me down with three cookies and a glass of milk.Then he would prepare something for mom to cook dinner. Mom would greet us with a hug and kiss.This was our time to have some fun outside.This was my brother's time to be a kid. Several years later，one Saturday in June，my mother and I were at a store where the Father's Day cards were sold.I stared at the cards.Mom smiled. "Your brother has exactly been a father to you.Go ahead to choose a card for your brother，Cindy." Then I chose a card and on Father's Day I gave it to him. As he read it，I saw the tears in his eyes.Mom said， "Son，your father is proud of you，seeing that he raised a good man，and you do your best to fill his shoes.We love you and thank you." （1）What did the brother do for the whole family？ 　 　 ①He got Cindy up for school. ②He prepared for dinner. ③He did the dishes every day. ④He gathered up Cindy's books. ⑤He played games with Cindy. ⑥He helped Cindy with the homework. A． ①②③④ B． ①②④⑤ C． ①③④⑤ D． ②③⑤⑥ （2）The underlined words "fill his shoes" in the last paragraph refers to " 　 　". A．buy a pair of shoes for his family B．take the place of his father to raise the family C．do everything well for the family D．make more money to raise the family （3）What's the best title for the passage？ 　 　 A．My Second Father B．My Childhood C．A Valuable Card D．A Careful Brother 13．（2022春•桥西区期末）One afternoon，an old man took his cellphone to a repair shop.Frustrated （沮丧的），he walked up to the technician （技术员） and said， "I have only had this phone for a few months and it already does not receive calls.If you can't fix it，I would like to buy a new one." After checking the phone，the technician came back with good news. "Your phone works fine，Sir.I have tested it several times.It sends and receives calls perfectly.You have nothing to worry about.Is there anything else I can help you with？" Shocked and confused，the old man began to cry.With tears in his eyes，he quietly replied， "Are you sure？Then why aren't my children calling me？It's already been a few months since I got this phone." The technician was speechless.The old man looked up and asked， "Do you call your parents？" Again，the technician didn't know what to say. After listening to the old man，the technician began to feel guilty （愧疚的）.With long working hours and the responsibilities （责任） of raising a family，he did not call his parents as often as he should.He got tears in his eyes as he thought of his parents. "Well，then，you can help me with one thing，" said the old man. "Call your parents!Please，don't get so busy that they think you have forgotten them." Then，he walked out of the store with his head hanging. （1）What did the old man ask the technician to do？ 　 　 A．To teach him how to use his phone. B．To help him call his children. C．To help him buy a new cellphone. D．To repair his cellphone. （2）How did the old man feel after hearing the technician told him the news about his phone？ 　 　 A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Excited. D．Happy. （3）The technician was speechless again because 　 　. A．he made the old man sad B．he felt sorry for the old man C．he seldom called his parents D．he was actually not busy at all （4）What does the story tell us？ 　 　 A．We should be responsible for our actions. B．We should remember to care about our parents. C．We should forget about the unimportant things. D．We should get into the habit of making phone calls. 14．（2022春•容县期末）Last Saturday，I went to a coffee shop to meet a friend of mine.I got there ten minutes earlier.So I ordered a cup of coffee and sat by the window，watching people.There were some boys playing football on the street，and a small boy was running after the ball as it rolled across the road. Suddenly，there came a car.It was going very fast.When the driver saw the boy in his way，he braked（刹车） hard.But it was too late.The small boy was lying on the street without moving.To everyone's surprise，the car didn't stop.It drove away quickly. People ran to the boy.There was a cut on the boy's head and he lost a lot of blood.The coffee shop owner telephoned the police.Soon an ambulance（救护车） arrived and took the boy to the hospital.At 6：30 pm，the police arrived and started questioning people.About half an hour later，they asked me to go to the police station because I saw everything.I gave them all information I knew because I really wanted them to catch the driver.I didn't leave the police station until 8：00 pm.After that I went home because I didn't want to talk to anyone. The next day，the boy's parents called me to say thanks.They also told me their boy was fine and that the driver was at the police station now. （1）Why did the writer go to the coffee shop？ 　 　 A．To relax himself. B．To meet his friend. C．To help a boy. D．To watch people. （2）What happened to the boy while he was running after the football？ 　 　 A．He was taken away by someone. B．He fell down by accident. C．He knocked down a man in the street. D．He was hit by a car suddenly. （3）Who called the police？ 　 　 A．The writer. B．The owner of the coffee shop. C．The writer's friend. D．The waiter. （4）How might the writer feel at the end of the story？ 　 　 A．Happy. B．Sorry. C．Worried. D．Popular. 15．（2022•鞍山）Two months ago，my son Eric lost his trombone（长号）.We were very sad. We learned that telling friends about our sad things made us feel better and less worried.We received sweet messages from friends showing their care for us.Eric received the sweetest letter reminding us that although things in life can be sad and make us upset，we can still find kindness around us. And then，another student at a different school heard about the situation and decided to give his trombone to my son.It turned out that it was the same kind as the lost one. We met this young man who gave it to Eric.He hoped that Eric should never stop learning and making music. We were so thankful and happy.Eric had his first concert a couple of weeks ago.One thing about kindness is that to the receiver of kindness，it might not be necessary，but to the giver who wants to change things for the better，it becomes really necessary. We are really thankful for everyone's kindness.And we are thankful that the trombone got lost.It taught us so much about other people's healing（治愈的）power，even people we have never met before. （1）What happened to Eric two months ago？ 　 　 A．His trombone was lost. B．He gave away his trombone. C．His trombone was broken. D．He bought a trombone. （2）What did the writer do after her son lost the trombone？ 　 　 A．She kept it a secret. B．She didn't care about it. C．She bought a new trombone. D．She told other people about it. （3）From the text，we can know that 　 　. A．Eric was pleased to lose his trombone B．Eric's classmate lent his trombone to him C．Eric had his first concert a few weeks ago D．Eric's mother stopped him learning and making music （4）Why was the writer thankful that the trombone was lost？ 　 　 A．Because she could buy her son a new one. B．Because she got many people's care and kindness. C．Because she found the trombone at last. D．Because her son didn't need the trombone any more. （5）What can be the best title for the passage？ 　 　 A．Everyone is good in our life. B．Share your kindness and make others happy. C．A lost trombone and the necessary kindness. D．What happened when Eric got a new trombone？ 2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之家庭、朋友与周围的人 参考答案与试题解析 一．阅读理解（共15小题） 1．（2024春•康平县期末） Never give up Jane was not very interested in animals when she was a child.Then，one day，her father gave her a toy chimpanzee.From that day on，she became really interested in animals. When she was a 16﹣year﹣old schoolgirl，Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa. Jane's mother said，"If you really want something，work hard and never give up.Then you'll find a way." Jane's mother was right.When she was 26，Jane travelled from Britain to the mountains of East Africa.She studied chimpanzees.She watched the animals for a long time and they became her friends.Jane discovered that these animals greet one another with a kiss or hug，and make and use tools﹣just like humans do. Jane Goodall is now well known all over the world.She made her dreams come true because she never gave up! （1）Who gave Jane a toy chimpanzee when she was a child？ 　B　 A.Her mum. B.Her dad. C.Her grandma. D.Her grandpa. （2）What was Jane's dream when she was 16 years old？ 　D　 A.Studying small animals in Asia. B.Studying big animals in Europe. C.Studying wild animals in America. D.Studying wild animals in Africa. （3）How did one chimpanzee greet another one？ 　C　 A.With a kiss. B.With a hug. C.With a kiss or hug. D.With some tools. （4）Why did Jane make her dream come true？ 　D　 A.Because she was a lovely student. B.Because she loved wild animals very much. C.Because she watched the wild animals for a long time and they became her friends. D.Because she never gave up. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；记叙文．版权所有 【答案】BDCD 【分析】简在小时候对动物不太感兴趣，直到她父亲给了她一个玩具黑猩猩后，她开始对动物产生了浓厚的兴趣。后来从事了研究非洲野生动物的职业。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Then，one day，her father gave her a toy chimpanzee.（然后，有一天，她的父亲给了她一只玩具黑猩猩。）可知简小时候她爸爸给了她一只玩具黑猩猩。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二段When she was a 16﹣year﹣old schoolgirl，Jane dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.（当她还是一名16岁的女学生时，简梦想着在非洲研究野生动物。）可知简16岁时的梦想是研究非洲的野生动物。故选D。 （3）细节理解题。根据第四段Jane discovered that these animals greet one another with a kiss or hug，and make and use tools﹣just like humans do.（简发现这些动物用亲吻或拥抱来互相问候，并像人类一样制作和使用工具。）可知一只黑猩猩亲吻或拥抱问候另一只黑猩猩。故选C。 （4）细节理解题。根据最后一段Jane Goodall is now well known all over the world.She made her dreams come true because she never gave up!（珍•古道尔现在在世界各地都很出名。她实现了梦想，因为她从未放弃！）可知因为她从不放弃实现她的梦想。故选D。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 2．（2024•邯郸二模） Hello，boys and girls.Let's talk about our parents' jobs in this class. My father is a football coach.He often teaches me how to play football in the playground.My mother is a doctor.She cares a lot about her patients. My father is a scientist.He works in a lab.I want to be a scientist like him.My mother is a middle school teacher.She loves her students very much. My father is a pilot.He takes people to different places.My mother is a TV reporter.They are very busy，so they have little time to be with me.But still，I love them. My parents are cleaners.No matter how bad the weather is，they get outside early in the morning and clean the streets.Sometimes I prepare breakfast for them. It doesn't matter what kind of jobs your parents have.They make our city a better place.They make great contributions to us，and everyone should take pride in them. （1）How many kinds of jobs are mentioned？ 　C　 A.Four. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Ten. （2）What does Daniel do for his parents？ 　A　 A.Make breakfast for them. B.Play football with them. C.Care a lot about them. D.Clean the street with them. （3）What does Ms.Gao want to tell the students？ 　D　 A.We should know our parents' jobs. B.We should help our parents. C.We should learn from our parents. D.We should be proud of our parents. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；应用文．版权所有 【答案】CAD 【分析】文章是几名学生在讨论父母的职业。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二框My father is a football coach...My mother is a doctor.（我父亲是一名足球教练......我妈妈是一名医生。）第三框My father is a scientist...My mother is a middle school teacher.（我的父亲是一位科学家......我妈妈是一名中学老师。）第四框My father is a pilot...My mother is a TV reporter.（我父亲是一名飞行员......我妈妈是一名电视台记者。）第五框My parents are cleaners.（我的父母是清洁工。）可知共提到7种职业。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第五框Sometimes I prepare breakfast for them.（有时我为他们准备早餐。）可知他为父母准备早餐。故选A。 （3）细节理解题。根据最后一框They make great contributions to us，and everyone should take pride in them.（他们为我们做出了巨大的贡献，每个人都应该为他们感到骄傲。）可知我们应该为我们的父母感到骄傲。故选D。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 3．（2024•天桥区校级模拟）When he was a teenager ，Hunter Adams was very unhappy ，and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental（精神的） health problems. When he left hospital ，Adams decided to become a doctor ，so he went to Medical School in Virginia ，USA.But when he was there he did things in a different way.For example ，he didn't like the doctor's white coats.He preferred to wear shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients ，and he tried to make them laugh.The doctors at the medical school didn't like Adams very much because he was too different. But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine.He saw unhappy and lonely people ，and he tried to help them as patients ，but as people too.He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital ，and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh. When he finished medical school and became a doctor，Adams opened his own hospital ，called "the Gesundheit Institute" ，together with some other doctors.They wanted it to be a place in a different way of working with sick people . Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s ，and in 1998 ，Universal Pictures made a film about his life.It was very successful .In the film（called Patch Adams） ，Robin Williams played Adams.Williams said ，"Hunter is a really warm person ，who believes that patients need a doctor who's friend.I enjoyed playing him ." （1）What probably made Hunter decide to be a doctor ？ 　C　 A.His interest in medicine. B.His idea to open a hospital. C.His early experience as a teenager. D.His love for the lonely children around. （2）How was Hunter different from other doctors ？ 　C　 A.He was famous before working in hospital. B.He liked to wear shirts with flowers in them every day. C.He treated his patients as friends in every way possible. D.He was good at dealing with people who were mentally ill. （3）What does the underlined word "clown" in paragraph 3 probable mean ？ 　B　 A.木偶 B.小丑 C.外星人 D.蜘蛛侠 （4）In what order did the following things take place in Adams' life ？ 　B　 a.His life was made a film . b.He set up his own hospital. c.He had mental health problems. d.He studied in a medical school. e.He became a doctor. A.cabde B.cdeba C.beacd D.dcbae （5）What can we know from Robin Williams words ？ 　A　 A.He thought highly of Hunter. B.Every doctor needs a patient friend. C.He became a warm person ever after. D.A good actor makes a successful film. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；记叙文．版权所有 【答案】CCBBA 【分析】本文讲述了当亨特•亚当斯十几岁时，他非常不开心，他在20世纪60年代和70年代为有心理健康问题的人开设的医院度过了许多年，当他离开医院时，亚当斯决定成为一名医生，所以他去了美国弗吉尼亚州的医学院，但当他在那里时，他以不同的方式做事，当他从医学院毕业并成为一名医生后，他与其他一些医生一起开办了自己的医院，名为"Gesundheit研究所"。亨特•亚当斯在20世纪80年代成名，1998年，环球影业拍摄了一部关于他一生的电影， 【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段When he was a teenager ，Hunter Adams was very unhappy ，and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental（精神的） health problems .（当亨特•亚当斯十几岁时，他非常不开心，他在20世纪60年代和70年代为有心理健康问题的人开设的医院度过了许多年。）可知，少年时的早期经历让亨特决定成为一名医生。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二段For example ，he didn't like the doctor's white coats .He preferred to wear shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients ，and he tried to make them laugh .（例如，他不喜欢医生的白大褂。他在看望病人时更喜欢穿带花的衬衫，并试图逗病人笑。）和根据第三段He saw unhappy and lonely people ，and he tried to help them as patients ，but as people too .He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital ，and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh .（他看到了不快乐和孤独的人，他试图帮助他们作为病人，但作为人也是如此。他在医院里花了很多时间和孩子们在一起，经常在脸上戴一个特殊的红鼻子，看起来像小丑，逗孩子们笑。）可知，亨特和其他医生的不同是：他尽一切可能把病人当作朋友对待。故选C。 （3）词义猜测题。根据第三段He saw unhappy and lonely people ，and he tried to help them as patients ，but as people too .He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital ，and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh .（他看到了不快乐和孤独的人，他试图帮助他们作为病人，但作为人也是如此。他在医院里花了很多时间和孩子们在一起，经常在脸上戴一个特殊的红鼻子，看起来像小丑，逗孩子们笑。）可知，第三段中带下划线的单词"clown"的意思可能是：小丑。故选B。 （4）细节理解题。根据第一段When he was a teenager ，Hunter Adams was very unhappy ，and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s hospital for people with mental（精神的） health problems .（当亨特•亚当斯十几岁时，他非常不开心，他在20世纪60年代和70年代为有心理健康问题的人开设的医院度过了许多年。）；第二段When he left hospital ，Adams decided to become a doctor ，so he went to Medical School in Virginia ，USA ，But when he was there he did things in a different way .For example ，he didn't like the doctor's white coats .（当他离开医院时，亚当斯决定成为一名医生，所以他去了美国弗吉尼亚州的医学院，但当他在那里时，他以不同的方式做事。）；第四段When he finished medical school and became a doctor，Adams opened his own hospital ，called "the Gesundheit Institute" ，together with some other doctors .（当他从医学院毕业并成为一名医生后，他与其他一些医生一起开办了自己的医院，名为"Gesundheit研究所"。）和第五段Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s ，and in 1998 ，Universal Pictures made a film about his life .（亨特•亚当斯在20世纪80年代成名，1998年，环球影业拍摄了一部关于他一生的电影。）可知，在亚当斯的生活中，以下事情为正确的顺序是：c.他有精神健康问题；d.他在一所医学院学习；e.他成了一名医生；b.他建立了自己的医院；a.他的一生被拍成了电影。故选B。 （5）推理判断题。根据第五段Williams said ，"Hunter is a really warm person ，who believes that patients need a doctor who's friend .I enjoyed playing him ."（威廉姆斯说："亨特是一个非常热情的人，他相信病人需要一个医生的朋友。我很喜欢扮演他。"）可知，我们能从罗宾•威廉姆斯的话中知道：他对亨特评价很高。故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 4．（2024•安徽一模）Every Thursday morning，the 89﹣year﹣old grandma Wu Pinxian，plays beautiful piano music for people to relieve（缓解） their stress at the outpatient department（门诊大厅） of Panyu Central Hospital in Guangzhou，CCTV News reported. Wu has been a volunteer piano performer since the end of 2023.The hospital holds a piano performance every Thursday to create a relaxing environment and reduce patients' worries. Wu's music is effective：many patients and their relatives sing along with her piano and some have even become her fans.Until now，Wu has been performing there every Thursday for one and a half hours with just a short break for almost four months. Though Wu comforts others through her music，she herself is suffering from the pain of losing her husband，who passed away in December. ▲ Working as a volunteer in the hospital not only brings back the memories of youth，but also brings warmth to others and increase the value of life. Wu spends three to four hours practicing the piano every day.After picking up the piano as a hobby，she wants to realize her dream even if she is already 89. "I believe playing the piano allows the patients to listen to music，which provides them pleasure.Although I had not played the piano for a long time，it is good to play for others.I will do my best，"Wu wrote down in her diary. （1）Wu has been playing the piano in the hospital for 　B　. A.three to four hours B.almost four months C.a whole year D.89 years （2）Wu plays music in the hospital to 　C　. A.meet more fans B.make a living C.comfort patients D.practice the piano （3）Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ？ 　D　 A.She lives in a flat for the aged. B.And she always writes diaries. C.So that is a very positive event. D.She still says life has to go on. （4）Why are Wu's words from the diary quoted（引用）？ 　C　 A.To draw readers' interest in music. B.Because Wu calls on people to write diaries. C.To show Wu's quality more clearly. D.Because the patients want to see her diaries. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；记叙文．版权所有 【答案】BCDC 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位89高龄的老奶奶吴品仙每周四去医院弹奏钢琴，为病人缓解压力的故事。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第3段"Until now，Wu has been performing there every Thursday for one and a half hours with just a short break for almost four months."（到目前为止，吴每周四都会在那里表演一个半小时，只有近四个月的短暂休息。）可知吴奶奶已经在医院弹奏钢琴有四个月了。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第1段"Every Thursday morning，the 89﹣year﹣old grandma Wu Pinxian，plays beautiful piano music for people to relieve（缓解） their stress at the outpatient department（门诊大厅） of Panyu Central Hospital in Guangzhou，CCTV News reported."（据央视新闻报道，每周四上午，广州番禺中心医院门诊部，89岁的吴品贤老奶奶都会为人们演奏优美的钢琴曲，缓解压力。）可知吴奶奶在医院弹钢琴是为了缓解病人的压力，给人以宽慰。故选C。 （3）推理判断题。根据第4段"Though Wu comforts others through her music，she herself is suffering from the pain of losing her husband，who passed away in December. ▲ Working as a volunteer in the hospital not only brings back the memories of youth，but also brings warmth to others and increase the value of life."（虽然吴通过音乐来安慰别人，但她自己也在承受失去丈夫的痛苦，丈夫于12月去世。▲ 在医院做志愿者，不仅带回了青春的记忆，也给他人带来了温暖，增加了生命的价值。）可知吴奶奶虽然失去了丈夫，但她没有沉沦于悲痛，而是通过钢琴给他人带去温暖，选项D"她仍然说生活必须继续。"比较符合前后文。故选D。 （4）推理判断题。根据第5段"Wu spends three to four hours practicing the piano every day.After picking up the piano as a hobby，she wants to realize her dream even if she is already 89."（吴每天花三到四个小时练习钢琴。在把弹钢琴作为一种爱好之后，即使她已经89岁了，她也想实现自己的梦想。）可推断本周最后引用吴奶奶日记内容是展现吴奶奶乐观坚强的精神品质。故选C。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 5．（2023秋•槐荫区期末）Today is Sunday.Bob is reading a book under a tree.Grandfather，an 80﹣year﹣old man，is sitting in the sun.Grandfather sees a model plane in the tree and asks him，"What's that in the tree，Bob？" "It's a model plane，"Bob answers. Then Grandfather asks him again，"What's that in the tree，Bob？""It's a model plane，"Bob tells him again. Later，Grandfather asks him that question again.Bob is annoyed and says loudly（大声地） to Grandfather，"It's a model plane!" Grandfather doesn't say a word.He goes into the house and then comes out with an old diary（日记） in his hand.Then he reads，"Wednesday，August 15.Today，my little Bob sees a thing in a tree and asks me what it is.I tell him that it's a model plane.He asks me many times（次数） and I tell him many times.I am really glad to see his happy face..." After hearing（听到） that，Bob's face turns red.He comes to Grandfather and hugs（拥抱） him.He knows he should be patient（耐心的） with his grandfather.He will be old one day. （1）Who is the old man？ 　D　 A.Bob's uncle. B.Bob's father. C.Bob's friend. D.Bob's grandfather. （2）How many times does Grandfather ask Bob？ 　B　 A.Twice. B.Three times. C.Four times. D.Five times. （3）What does the underlined word "annoyed" mean in Chinese？ 　A　 A.生气的 B.无聊的 C.高兴的 D.焦急的 （4）How does Bob feel after hearing Grandfather's diary？ 　C　 A.Cool. B.Great. C.Sorry. D.Happy. （5）What is the best title of the text？ 　B　 A.Keep a Diary Every Day B.Always Be Patient with the Old C.How to Find a Model Plane D.How to Ask Grandfather a Question 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人．版权所有 【答案】DBACB 【分析】文章主要讲述了一个关于耐心和亲情的故事。文中描述了鲍勃和爷爷之间的互动，当爷爷多次询问树上模型飞机的问题时，鲍勃开始不耐烦，但后来在听到爷爷的日记后，他明白了爷爷的用意，并感到抱歉。文章强调了对待老人需要耐心，因为每个人都会变老。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Today is Sunday.Bob is reading a book under a tree.Grandfather，an 80﹣year﹣old man，is sitting in the sun.（今天是星期天。鲍勃正在树下看书。爷爷，一位80岁的老人，正坐在阳光下。）可知这个老人是鲍勃的爷爷，故选D。 （2）细节理解题。根据第一段What's that in the tree，Bob？（鲍勃，树上的那个是什么？）以及第三段Then Grandfather asks him again，"What's that in the tree，Bob？"（然后爷爷又问他："鲍勃，树上的那个是什么？"）以及第四段Later，Grandfather asks him that question again.（后来，爷爷又问他这个问题。）可知爷爷问鲍勃三次问题，故选B。 （3）词义猜测题。根据第四段Later，Grandfather asks him that question again.Bob is annoyed and says loudly（大声地） to Grandfather，"It's a model plane!"（后来，爷爷又问他这个问题。鲍勃......，大声对爷爷说："这是一个飞机模型!"）结合上文，爷爷已经问过两次了，可推知此处是指鲍勃很生气，故选A。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 After hearing（听到） that，Bob's face turns red.He comes to Grandfather and hugs（拥抱） him.He knows he should be patient（耐心的） with his grandfather.（听到这些，鲍勃的脸变红了。他走到爷爷身边，拥抱了他。他知道他应该对他的祖父有耐心。）可推知鲍勃听了爷爷的日记后应是感觉很抱歉，故选C。 （5）标题归纳题。根据最后一段After hearing（听到） that，Bob's face turns red.He comes to Grandfather and hugs（拥抱） him.He knows he should be patient（耐心的） with his grandfather.He will be old one day.（听到这些，鲍勃的脸变红了。他走到爷爷身边，拥抱了他。他知道他应该对他的祖父有耐心。他总有一天会老的。）结合文章，可知文章中提到鲍勃应该对爷爷有耐心，因为自己有一天也会变老。因此，最好的标题应该是"Always Be Patient with the Old"，即"永远对老人有耐心"，故选B。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 6．（2024•深圳模拟）Christina wanted to lead the way back to camp and went on talking cheerfully，asking different kinds of questions about plants and wildlife. As we walked about halfway down the hillside，she fell over a stone.I jogged up to where she tripped.Suddenly，I saw a lion about ten feet up on a huge rock watching me.It was making a long deep angry sound. I stood perfectly still，holding my breath，wondering what to do.Christina was crying down below.I couldn't shout to her to be quiet，or the lion might attack me. Then，remembering Dad's words，I slowly dropped my backpack and took off my T﹣shirt.With the pack on one arm and the T﹣shirt on the other，I spread my arms，trying to look as wide and big as I could.Carefully I moved away down the hillside toward Christina，keeping my eyes on the lion. "Christina，"I called."Stop crying.Get up slowly and catch my belt.We're going down the hill.There's a lion at the top." We moved quietly and slowly down the hill.Once back to the forest，with the lion out of view，I removed the sweat（汗水） from my face with my T﹣shirt before putting it on，and looked at Christina.Hatless，red eyes，a few small cuts but nothing major. I pulled out the map.The campground was on the other side of the hill.We had hike d for miles before we finally made our way back to our site. Dad saw me first. "Where have you been？"he shouted. "We were so worried，"Mother cried. "Mommy，you didn't have to worry.Sean is real smart."Christina said. I caught Dad's eye.He smiled.At that moment I realized I was a big brother. （1）How did Christina feel before she fell over a stone？ 　A　 A.Happy. B.Proud. C.Nervous. D.Worried. （2）What did Sean do when he first saw the lion？ 　C　 A.He started crying. B.He picked up a huge rock. C.He remained still. D.He jogged up to his sister. （3）Why did Sean try to look wide and big？ 　B　 A.To keep balance. B.To scare the lion. C.To show confidence. D.To prepare to fight. （4）What can we infer（推断） from Paragraph 6？ 　B　 A.Sean didn't care about Christina at all. B.Sean didn't relax until he reached the forest. C.Christina got badly hurt on the way back. D.Christina comforted Sean by cleaning his face. （5）What is the best title of this passage？ 　C　 A.Father's Smiling Eyes B.A Terrible Mountain Lion C.The Way to Becoming a Big Brother D.Christina's Exciting Wild Adventure 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人．版权所有 【答案】ACBBC 【分析】本文主要讲述了哥哥肖恩机智勇敢地救了自己妹妹的故事。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Christina wanted to lead the way back to camp and went on talking cheerfully，asking different kinds of questions about plants and wildlife.（克里斯蒂娜想带路回到营地，她继续愉快地交谈，问了各种关于植物和野生动物的问题。）可知，克里斯蒂娜摔倒在石头上之前，心情很愉悦，即很开心。故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据第三段I stood perfectly still，holding my breath，wondering what to do.（我一动不动地站着，屏住呼吸，不知道该怎么办。）可知，肖恩第一次看到狮子时，他一动不动。故选C。 （3）推理判断题。根据第四段With the pack on one arm and the T﹣shirt on the other，I spread my arms，trying to look as wide and big as I could.（我一只手挎着背包，另一只手挎着t恤，伸开双臂，尽量让自己看起来又宽又大。）可知，是为了吓走狮子。故选B。 （4）推理判断题。根据第六段We moved quietly and slowly down the hill.Once back to the forest，with the lion out of view，I removed the sweat（汗水） from my face with my T﹣shirt before putting it on，and looked at Christina.（我们悄悄地慢慢地往山下走。回到森林，看不见狮子了，我先用t恤抹去脸上的汗，再穿上，然后看着克里斯蒂娜。）可知，肖恩直到到达森林才放松下来。故选B。 （5）标题归纳题。根据最后一段At that moment I realized I was a big brother.（在那一刻，我意识到我是一个大哥哥。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了哥哥肖恩机智勇敢地救了自己妹妹的故事。所以本文的最佳标题是"成为一个大哥哥的方法"。故选C。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 7．（2023秋•郑州期末）Two men were sharing a hospital room.One man was so sick that he could not even move his body or look around the room.The other man could move，but was also very ill.They shared lots of things together and even talked about what they hoped to do after they got better.Over time，the two men became good friends. But there was one thing about the room that was special for both of them.The man who could move would look out of the room's only window，describing the scenery outside for his friend.He told him about the people walking by，the weather﹣﹣anything that might interest a man who had not seen the world out of his bed for some time. One day，when a nurse came to check on the two men，she found that the man who often looked out of the window had died in his sleep.Sadly，she informed the other man that his friend had died and called for nurses to take the dead man away. The other man asked to be moved to the dead man's bed so that he could look out of the window himself.The nurses moved him to the other bed.However，the man found that there was no window at all﹣﹣just a blank wall.The nurses explained that the dead man had been blind.He had never actually seen anything outside the window at all﹣﹣but he described beautiful scenes to encourage his friend.Sometimes all we need in life is a little encouragement﹣﹣even if it comes from an unlikely place. （1）What was special for both of the men？ 　D　 A.They shared lots of things together. B.They talked about what they hoped to do after they got better. C.One man could not move his body but the other man could move. D.One of them would look out of the window and describe the scenery outside. （2）Which has the same meaning with "informed" in Paragraph 3？ 　C　 A.We need time to inform the problem. B.Science and technology informs our lives. C.Please inform us of any changes of your address. D.He informed on his own brother because of his crime. （3）The other man asked to move him to the dead man's bed because 　B　 A.he wanted to see the dead man himself. B.he could look out of the window himself. C.the two man often talked about who could look out of the window. D.he really wanted to know if his friend could see the scenery outside. （4）Which of the following can best describe the dead man？ 　A　 A.Kind and wise. B.Caring and humorous. C.Friendly and brave. D Patient and hard﹣working. （5）What does the writer try to tell us？ 　D　 A.Never give up our hope. B.Don't care too much about others. C.Try our best to make our dreams come true. D.When we are in trouble，we need to encourage each other. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人．版权所有 【答案】DCBAD 【分析】两个男人在医院病房里分享了很多事情，他们成了好朋友。其中一个男人病得很重，连动都动不了；另一个男人能够移动，但也病得很严重。他们一起谈论着希望在康复后能做的事情。其中一个男人总是向窗外望去，描述窗外的景色给另一个听。后来护士告诉另一个男人，他的朋友已经去世了。他请求被移到朋友的床边，却发现那里根本没有窗户，只是一面空白的墙。护士解释说，他的朋友其实是个盲人，从来没有看到窗外的景色，但他却用美丽的景色来鼓励他的朋友。有时候，生活中我们只需要一点鼓励，即使它来自一个不太可能的地方。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段But there was one thing about the room that was special for both of them.The man who could move would look out of the room's only window，describing the scenery outside for his friend.（但有一件事情对于两个人来说很特别。可以动的那个人总是向窗外望去，描述窗外的景色给他的朋友听。）可知一个人向窗外望并描述景色。故选D。 （2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Sadly，she informed the other man that his friend had died and called for nurses to take the dead man away.（她通知另一个人，他的朋友已经去世并叫护士把去世的那个人带走。）可知划线词在此处表示"通知"。C选项Please inform us of any changes of your address.（如果你地址有变化请通知我们。）符合题意。故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第四段The other man asked to be moved to the dead man's bed so that he could look out of the window himself.（另一个人要求移到去世那个人的床上，以便他可以自己向窗外看。）可知他想自己向窗外看。故选B。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段The nurses explained that the dead man had been blind.He had never actually seen anything outside the window at all﹣﹣but he described beautiful scenes to encourage his friend.（护士解释到去世的男人是盲人。他从没有真正看过窗外的风景﹣﹣但他描述美丽的风景来鼓励他的朋友。）可知去世的男人既善良又聪明。故选A。 （5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段Sometimes all we need in life is a little encouragement﹣﹣even if it comes from an unlikely place.（有时候，生活中我们只需要一点鼓励，即使它来自一个不太可能的地方。）可知本文主要告诉我们，当我们有困难，我们需要互相帮助。故选D。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 8．（2023秋•娄星区期末）During my primary school years，I went to school with Tiffany every day.We spent many happy moments but I used to compare my mom with her mom. Tiffany's mom was nice and kind.She always gave her lots of money to buy the most fashionable clothes and favorite food.Her mom allowed her to do anything she liked.I really admired Tiffany. I always complained to my mom，"Tiffany's mom will give her that!I wish she were my mom."Every time，my mom would calmly say"Poor Tiffany".I couldn't understand her."She shouldn't be feeling sorry for Tiffany!"I thought. "She should be feeling sorry for me." One day，I couldn't help saying to Mom，"Poor Tiffany？Lucky Tiffany!She gets everything she wants!Why do you feel sorry for her？"I cried.My mom sat down next to me and said softly."Dear Anne，I do feel sorry for her.I have been teaching you a lesson that she will never be taught." She continued，"Anne，I have taught you useful lessons by not giving you everything you want.You'll know how to be yourself and save money，but she won't.You'll understand that you need to work hard to get the things that you want but she won't.Life lessons are more important than modern clothes and delicious food." It took some time，but I finally understood my mom's words.Now I am a happy and successful woman. （1）What did Anne use to do during the primary school years？ 　B　 A.Go to school happily. B.Compare her mom with Tiffany's. C.Make friends with Tiffany's mom. （2）Why did Anne admire Tiffany？ 　A　 A.Tiffany had a lot of money. B.Tiffany was good at schoolwork. C.Tiffany was popular among classmates. （3）What did she actually mean when Anne's mom said"Poor Tiffany"？ 　C　 A.Tiffany was not rich. B.She wanted Anne to help Tiffany. C.Tiffany's mother gave her too much. （4）How did Anne's mother teach her useful lessons？ 　B　 A.By explaining to her softly. B.By not giving her everything she wanted. C.By making her work hard day and night to get the things. （5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　A　 A.Anne is thankful to her mother. B.Anne is rich and successful now. C.Life lessons are as important as money. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人．版权所有 【答案】BACBA 【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一个小女孩在小学时期和朋友蒂芙尼一起上学的故事。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段During my primary school years，I went to school with Tiffany every day.We spent many happy moments but I used to compare my mom with her mom.（在我上小学的时候，我每天都和Tiffany一起去上学。我们度过了许多快乐的时刻，但我经常拿我妈妈和她妈妈做比较。）可知安妮在小学时经常把她的妈妈和蒂芙尼的妈妈比较一下，故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二段Tiffany's mom was nice and kind.She always gave her lots of money to buy the most fashionable clothes and favorite food.Her mom allowed her to do anything she liked.I really admired Tiffany.（蒂芙尼的妈妈很善良。她总是给她很多钱去买最时尚的衣服和最喜欢的食物。她妈妈允许她做任何她喜欢做的事。我真的很佩服蒂芙尼。）可知安妮羡慕蒂芙尼是因为蒂芙尼有很多钱，故选A。 （3）推理判断题。根据第四段My mom sat down next to me and said softly."Dear Anne，I do feel sorry for her.I have been teaching you a lesson that she will never be taught." She continued，"Anne，I have taught you useful lessons by not giving you everything you want.You'll know how to be yourself and save money，but she won't.You'll understand that you need to work hard to get the things that you want but she won't.（妈妈在我旁边坐下，轻声说："亲爱的安妮，我确实为她感到难过。我给你上了一课，这是她永远不会学到的。"她继续说："安妮，我没有给你想要的一切，这给了你有益的教训。你知道如何做自己，如何省钱，但她不会。你会明白你需要努力工作才能得到你想要的东西，但她不会。）可推知安妮的妈妈说"可怜的蒂凡尼"，是因为蒂芙尼的妈妈给她太多了，故选C。 （4）细节理解题。根据第四段My mom sat down next to me and said softly."Dear Anne，I do feel sorry for her.I have been teaching you a lesson that she will never be taught." She continued，"Anne，I have taught you useful lessons by not giving you everything you want.You'll know how to be yourself and save money，but she won't.You'll understand that you need to work hard to get the things that you want but she won't.Life lessons are more important than modern clothes and delicious food.（妈妈在我旁边坐下，轻声说："亲爱的安妮，我确实为她感到难过。我给你上了一课，这是她永远不会学到的。"她继续说："安妮，我没有给你想要的一切，这给了你有益的教训。你知道如何做自己，如何省钱，但她不会。你会明白你需要努力工作才能得到你想要的东西，但她不会。人生的教训比时髦的衣服和美味的食物更重要。）可推知安妮的母亲通过不给她想要的一切教她一个有用的一课，故选B。 （5）推理判断题。根据最后一段It took some time，but I finally understood my mom's words.Now I am a happy and successful woman.（花了一些时间，但我终于明白了妈妈的话。现在我是一个快乐成功的女人。）可推知安妮感谢她的母亲，故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 9．（2023•钦州一模）One Sunday，I decided to tidy my bookshelf up.Suddenly，a white envelope（信封） fell to the floor.I was surprised!I couldn't remember putting the envelope on my shelf.It looks like it was years ago!Anyway，I opened the envelope carefully.Inside it，there was a piece of paper.It was a letter written by my mom.I read it. My dear children， I love you so much!This is not a letter to be posted.I have written this in the hope that one day you will find it.Yes，I wanted to let you know something that I thought was not suitable（合适的） to talk face to face. Life is too short and full of change.What I say is not new at all，but why I say it is important.If you are reading this，I am no longer with you.You are alone now.I'm not there to help you or give you any kind of advice.But I have confidence（自信） that the steps you take will be sound and wise. The world around you can be confusing（令人困惑的）.But if you look inside yourself，you can light your path and find out where to go.Remember the saying "you reap what you sow（播种）".The way you act will have an impact（影响） on your life.Be careful with every step.Be positive as much as possible.All of you are great children.I hope you can understand what I mean.Be kind to others and to yourself. Yours， Mom I was silent for a long time，holding that letter.I thought about how much I loved and missed my mother. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 （1）What made the writer surprised？ 　A　 A．A white envelope. B．A dirty bookshelf. C．A piece of paper. （2）What do we know about the letter？ 　C　 A．The writer wrote the letter at a young age. B．The letter was written to the writer's mother. C．The writer's mother put the letter on the shelf secretly. （3）According to the letter，which of the following is TRUE？ 　B　 A．The mother didn't have time to post the letter. B．The mother believed in her children's decisions. C．The mother was not good at talking face to face. （4）What does the underlined word "sound" mean in Chinese？ 　C　 A．正确的 B．值得的 C．合理的 （5）What did the mother wish her children to do？ 　A　 A．Be kind to people. B．Follow all her advice. C．Spend all their time studying. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；记叙文．版权所有 【答案】ACBCA 【分析】本文主要讲述了作者在整理书架时偶然发现母亲生前留给自己的一封信，信上叙述了母亲对作者的爱以及母亲给予作者的人生建议及祝福。作者看完信后，深切地思念母亲。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Suddenly，a white envelope（信封） fell to the floor.I was surprised!"（突然，一个白色信封掉到了地板上。我很惊讶！）可知，作者在整理书架时发现了一个白色信封，所以感到惊讶，故选A。 （2）推理判断题。根据第一段"I couldn't remember putting the envelope on my shelf."（我不记得把信封放在架子上了。）可知，这封信是作者的母亲偷偷地放在书架上的，故选C。 （3）推理判断题。根据第四段"But I have confidence（自信） that the steps you take will be sound and wise."（但我相信你所采取的措施将是明智的。）可知，作者的母亲确定作者的每一步都将是合理的且明智的，可推断母亲相信作者的所有决定。故选B。 （4）词义猜测题。根据第四段"But I have confidence（自信） that the steps you take will be sound and wise."（但我相信你所采取的措施将是明智的。）可知，作者的母亲确定作者的每一步都将是合理的且明智的，所以单词"sound"指的是"合理的"，故选C。 （5）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Be kind to others and to yourself."（善待他人，善待自己。）可知，母亲希望她的孩子们善待他人，故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 10．（2023•遵化市二模）In an English class，students are talking about a problem in groups. Tom：Parents worry about their children when there is no one at home.Through home cameras，parents can not only keep their kids from the danger，but also encourage them to develop good study habits. John：When I was in middle school，my mom set up a camera.I wanted to play computer games now and then.But after playing games，I couldn't go back to my study immediately.So I think my mom helps me a lot in this special way. Lucy：Kids who are older shouldn't be monitored（监控），but parents can limit （限制） the time their children spend on apps.It would be much better to help students learn how to make full use of their time.At the same time，parents also need to trust their children and give them enough freedom（自由）. Mary：How to control themselves is one of the important skills kids will need in the future.But using cameras won't help kids get the skill，and they will always find ways to avoid the cameras.What's more，having a camera might also do bad for parents' work，too. （1）What are they talking about？ 　A　 A．Should parents monitor their kids？ B．How to deal with problems with parents？ C．Is it important to develop good study habits？ D．What are the skills students need in the future？ （2）Which is John's idea？ 　B　 A．Parents should trust their children. B．Parents help him a lot in a special way. C．Students should limit time on using apps. D．Students should learn to control themselves. （3）Who disagree on the parents' idea？ 　D　 A．Tom and John. B．John and Lucy. C．Tom and Mary. D．Lucy and Mary. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；议论文．版权所有 【答案】A B D 【分析】本文是关于家长是否需要监控孩子的讨论。 【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Through home cameras（通过家庭摄像头），第二段my mom set up a camera（我妈妈安了一个摄像头），第三段Kids who are older shouldn't be monitored（监控）（大点的孩子不应该被监控），第四段But using cameras won't help kids get the skill（但是使用摄像头不会帮助孩子拥有技能）可知，四个人在讨论是否需要摄像头监控孩子。故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据第二段So I think my mom helps me a lot in this special way.（所以我认为我妈妈以一种特殊的方式帮我很多。）可知，父母以一种特殊的方式帮助他。故选B。 （3）推理判断题。根据第三段Kids who are older shouldn't be monitored（监控）（大点的孩子不应该被监控），第四段But using cameras won't help kids get the skill（但是使用摄像头不会帮助孩子拥有技能）可知，Lucy和Mary并不赞同家长用摄像头监控孩子。故选D。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文找出对应的内容。仔细核对，找出符合原文意思的选项。 11．（2022•湖北）A famous person once said，"We live much happier lives when we are generous（慷慨的） in as many ways as possible." I love persimmons（柿子）.A few years ago，ready to fly from San Francisco to Boston，I packed two persimmons，one of which I ate in the waiting room.A lady asked me from which store in the airport the fruit was bought.She looked a bit disappointed hearing that it couldn't be bought from any store in this airport.I thought to myself， "I can give the second persimmon away." When I offered her the fruit，at first she refused，but when I insisted（坚持），she became glad and accepted.I felt happy to make someone else happy，and I thought it was the end of the story. Sometime during the flight，the lady met me in the aisle（过道） and thanked me again.She shared that she had grown up in Russia，where there was a persimmon tree in the yard of her childhood home.She now lived in Boston，where she hadn't been able to find the fruit.The taste of the persimmon was valuable to her，reconnecting her with memories of her family. Only then did the tiny act make a difference to me.As a famous saying goes， " ▲ " The taste of the persimmon that I offered to the lady gives me more joy than all the ones I have eaten. （1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　C　 A．The persimmons are very expensive. B．The persimmons can be bought everywhere. C．The lady can hardly find persimmons in Boston. D．The lady knew where to buy persimmons at the airport. （2）The lady thanked the writer twice because 　C　. A．the persimmon was very delicious B．she could eat a persimmon for free C．the persimmon reminded her of her childhood memories D．she wanted to have a talk with the writer about her family （3）Which of the following sayings can be the best choice for" ▲ "？ 　A　 A．Giving is receiving. B．Use it or lose it. C．One tree can't make a forest. D．It's a piece of cake. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】CCA 【分析】本文主要讲述作者在机场与人分享柿子的故事，让作者体会到分享带来的快乐。 【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第三段"She now lived in Boston，where she hadn't been able to find the fruit.（她现在住在波士顿，在那里她找不到这种水果。）"可知，这位女士在波士顿几乎找不到柿子。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第三段"The taste of the persimmon was valuable to her，reconnecting her with memories of her family.（柿子的味道对她来说很有价值，使她与家人的回忆重新联系起来。）"可知，柿子使她想起了童年的记忆。故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第四段"The taste of the persimmon that I offered to the lady gives me more joy than all the ones I have eaten.（我送给这位女士的柿子的味道比我吃过的所有柿子都更让我高兴。）"可知，"给予就是接受"符合题意。故选A。 【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。 12．（2021秋•长安区校级期末）My father died when I was five.It was hard on us all.My brother，who is eight years older than me，began to take care of my mother and me. I remember he made sure the rubbish was taken out，and the yard was cleaned.He did on his own，without being told to do so.Brother would get me up for school and make me breakfast.While I was eating，he would lay out my clothes，make my bed，and gather my school books up. Hand in hand，we would walk to the bus stop.As we waited，he would play games my father used to play with me.When we returned form school，we would alone for about half an hour，until mom was home from work.Before I did my homework，he would sit me down with three cookies and a glass of milk.Then he would prepare something for mom to cook dinner. Mom would greet us with a hug and kiss.This was our time to have some fun outside.This was my brother's time to be a kid. Several years later，one Saturday in June，my mother and I were at a store where the Father's Day cards were sold.I stared at the cards.Mom smiled. "Your brother has exactly been a father to you.Go ahead to choose a card for your brother，Cindy." Then I chose a card and on Father's Day I gave it to him. As he read it，I saw the tears in his eyes.Mom said， "Son，your father is proud of you，seeing that he raised a good man，and you do your best to fill his shoes.We love you and thank you." （1）What did the brother do for the whole family？ 　B　 ①He got Cindy up for school. ②He prepared for dinner. ③He did the dishes every day. ④He gathered up Cindy's books. ⑤He played games with Cindy. ⑥He helped Cindy with the homework. A． ①②③④ B． ①②④⑤ C． ①③④⑤ D． ②③⑤⑥ （2）The underlined words "fill his shoes" in the last paragraph refers to " 　B　". A．buy a pair of shoes for his family B．take the place of his father to raise the family C．do everything well for the family D．make more money to raise the family （3）What's the best title for the passage？ 　A　 A．My Second Father B．My Childhood C．A Valuable Card D．A Careful Brother 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人．版权所有 【答案】BBA 【分析】短文主要说的是父亲去世后，比作者大八岁的哥哥主动承担起了照顾家庭重任的故事，表现了哥哥的责任感，赞美了亲情，表达了对哥哥的爱和敬意。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文中：Brother would get me up for school and make me breakfast.While I was eating，he would lay out my clothes，make my bed，and gather my school books up.（哥哥会送我上学，给我做早餐。当我吃饭的时候，他会整理我的衣服，整理我的床，收拾我的课本。）和As we waited，he would play games my father used to play with me.（当我们等待的时候，他会和我父亲过去一样和我玩游戏。）可知，哥哥为全家做的有：他让辛迪起床上学。他准备吃饭。他收拾了辛迪的书。他和辛迪玩游戏。故选B。 （2）词义推测题。根据文中：Mom said， "Son，your father is proud of you，seeing that he raised a good man，and you do your best to fill his shoes.（妈妈说："儿子，你爸爸为你感到骄傲，看到他培养了一个好人，你尽你所能来接替他的位置。）可知，fill his shoes指的是代替他父亲抚养家庭。故选B。 （3）最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章哥哥在父亲去世后主动承担责任照顾全家的故事，结合妈妈的话Your brother has exactly been a father to you.Go ahead to choose a card for your brother，Cindy.（你哥哥对你来说就是一个父亲。去给你哥哥选一张卡片吧，辛迪。）可知，长兄如父，我的第二个父亲最符合文意。故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 13．（2022春•桥西区期末）One afternoon，an old man took his cellphone to a repair shop.Frustrated （沮丧的），he walked up to the technician （技术员） and said， "I have only had this phone for a few months and it already does not receive calls.If you can't fix it，I would like to buy a new one." After checking the phone，the technician came back with good news. "Your phone works fine，Sir.I have tested it several times.It sends and receives calls perfectly.You have nothing to worry about.Is there anything else I can help you with？" Shocked and confused，the old man began to cry.With tears in his eyes，he quietly replied， "Are you sure？Then why aren't my children calling me？It's already been a few months since I got this phone." The technician was speechless.The old man looked up and asked， "Do you call your parents？" Again，the technician didn't know what to say. After listening to the old man，the technician began to feel guilty （愧疚的）.With long working hours and the responsibilities （责任） of raising a family，he did not call his parents as often as he should.He got tears in his eyes as he thought of his parents. "Well，then，you can help me with one thing，" said the old man. "Call your parents!Please，don't get so busy that they think you have forgotten them." Then，he walked out of the store with his head hanging. （1）What did the old man ask the technician to do？ 　D　 A．To teach him how to use his phone. B．To help him call his children. C．To help him buy a new cellphone. D．To repair his cellphone. （2）How did the old man feel after hearing the technician told him the news about his phone？ 　A　 A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Excited. D．Happy. （3）The technician was speechless again because 　C　. A．he made the old man sad B．he felt sorry for the old man C．he seldom called his parents D．he was actually not busy at all （4）What does the story tell us？ 　B　 A．We should be responsible for our actions. B．We should remember to care about our parents. C．We should forget about the unimportant things. D．We should get into the habit of making phone calls. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；记叙文；细节理解；主旨大意；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】DACB 【分析】本文通过一个老人去修手机的故事，告诉我们：要记得经常联系父母，关心父母。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据"I have only had this phone for a few months and it already does not receive calls.If you can't fix it，I would like to buy a new one."（"这部手机我才用了几个月，它已经不能接电话了。如果你修不好，我想买一部新的。"）可知，老人让技术员修理他的手机。故选D。 （2）推理判断题。根据Shocked and confused，the old man began to cry.（老人既震惊又困惑，开始哭泣。）可推断出老人听到技术员的话后非常伤心。故选A。 （3）推理判断题。根据The old man looked up and asked， "Do you call your parents？" Again，the technician didn't know what to say.（老人抬起头问："你给你父母打电话了吗？"再次，技术员不知道该说什么。）以及With long working hours and the responsibilities （责任） of raising a family，he did not call his parents as often as he should.（由于工作时间长，要养家糊口，他没有像应该的那样经常给父母打电话。）可推断出技术员又哑口无言，因为他很少给父母打电话。故选C。 （4）主旨大意题。通读全文，根据"Call your parents!Please，don't get so busy that they think you have forgotten them." （"打电话给你的父母！请不要太忙，他们会认为你忘记了他们。"）可知这个故事告诉我们：要记得经常联系父母，关心父母。故选B。 【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案。最后再通读全文，核对答案。 14．（2022春•容县期末）Last Saturday，I went to a coffee shop to meet a friend of mine.I got there ten minutes earlier.So I ordered a cup of coffee and sat by the window，watching people.There were some boys playing football on the street，and a small boy was running after the ball as it rolled across the road. Suddenly，there came a car.It was going very fast.When the driver saw the boy in his way，he braked（刹车） hard.But it was too late.The small boy was lying on the street without moving.To everyone's surprise，the car didn't stop.It drove away quickly. People ran to the boy.There was a cut on the boy's head and he lost a lot of blood.The coffee shop owner telephoned the police.Soon an ambulance（救护车） arrived and took the boy to the hospital.At 6：30 pm，the police arrived and started questioning people.About half an hour later，they asked me to go to the police station because I saw everything.I gave them all information I knew because I really wanted them to catch the driver.I didn't leave the police station until 8：00 pm.After that I went home because I didn't want to talk to anyone. The next day，the boy's parents called me to say thanks.They also told me their boy was fine and that the driver was at the police station now. （1）Why did the writer go to the coffee shop？ 　B　 A．To relax himself. B．To meet his friend. C．To help a boy. D．To watch people. （2）What happened to the boy while he was running after the football？ 　D　 A．He was taken away by someone. B．He fell down by accident. C．He knocked down a man in the street. D．He was hit by a car suddenly. （3）Who called the police？ 　B　 A．The writer. B．The owner of the coffee shop. C．The writer's friend. D．The waiter. （4）How might the writer feel at the end of the story？ 　A　 A．Happy. B．Sorry. C．Worried. D．Popular. 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断．版权所有 【答案】BDBA 【分析】本文主要讲了作者在咖啡厅看着窗外目睹了一起交通事故，司机逃逸，作者在警察局描述了一切的故事。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Last Saturday，I went to a coffee shop to meet a friend of mine.（上周六，我去了一家咖啡馆去见我的一个朋友。）可知作者去咖啡馆见他的朋友。故选B。 （2）细节判断题。根据Suddenly，there came a car.It was going very fast.When the driver saw the boy in his way，he braked（刹车） hard.But it was too late.The small boy was lying on the street without moving.（突然，来了一辆车。车开的很快。当司机看到那个男孩在路上时，他使劲刹车。但为时已晚。小男孩躺在街上一动不动。）可推断出那个男孩在追足球时突然被一辆汽车撞了。故选D。 （3）细节理解题。根据The coffee shop owner telephoned the police.（咖啡店老板给警察打了电话。）可知咖啡店老板给警察打了电话。故选B。 （4）推理判断题。根据The next day，the boy's parents called me to say thanks.They also told me their boy was fine and that the driver was at the police station now.（第二天，男孩的父母打电话给我表示感谢。他们还告诉我他们的孩子没事，司机现在在警察局。）可推断出在故事的结尾作者应该感到很高兴。故选A。 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。 15．（2022•鞍山）Two months ago，my son Eric lost his trombone（长号）.We were very sad. We learned that telling friends about our sad things made us feel better and less worried.We received sweet messages from friends showing their care for us.Eric received the sweetest letter reminding us that although things in life can be sad and make us upset，we can still find kindness around us. And then，another student at a different school heard about the situation and decided to give his trombone to my son.It turned out that it was the same kind as the lost one. We met this young man who gave it to Eric.He hoped that Eric should never stop learning and making music. We were so thankful and happy.Eric had his first concert a couple of weeks ago.One thing about kindness is that to the receiver of kindness，it might not be necessary，but to the giver who wants to change things for the better，it becomes really necessary. We are really thankful for everyone's kindness.And we are thankful that the trombone got lost.It taught us so much about other people's healing（治愈的）power，even people we have never met before. （1）What happened to Eric two months ago？ 　A　 A．His trombone was lost. B．He gave away his trombone. C．His trombone was broken. D．He bought a trombone. （2）What did the writer do after her son lost the trombone？ 　D　 A．She kept it a secret. B．She didn't care about it. C．She bought a new trombone. D．She told other people about it. （3）From the text，we can know that 　C　. A．Eric was pleased to lose his trombone B．Eric's classmate lent his trombone to him C．Eric had his first concert a few weeks ago D．Eric's mother stopped him learning and making music （4）Why was the writer thankful that the trombone was lost？ 　B　 A．Because she could buy her son a new one. B．Because she got many people's care and kindness. C．Because she found the trombone at last. D．Because her son didn't need the trombone any more. （5）What can be the best title for the passage？ 　C　 A．Everyone is good in our life. B．Share your kindness and make others happy. C．A lost trombone and the necessary kindness. D．What happened when Eric got a new trombone？ 【考点】家庭、朋友与周围的人；细节理解．版权所有 【答案】ADCBC 【分析】本文讲述了作者的儿子埃里克的长号丢了，作者把这事告诉了其他人，并得到了很多人的关心和善良。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Two months ago，my son Eric lost his trombone（长号）.（两个月前，我儿子埃里克丢了长号。）可知两个月前埃里克的长号丢了。故选：A。 （2）细节推断题。根据We learned that telling friends about our sad things made us feel better and less worried.（我们了解到，告诉朋友我们悲伤的事情会让我们感觉更好，更少担心。）可知这位作家在儿子失去长号后，她把这事告诉了其他人。故选：D。 （3）细节理解题。根据Eric had his first concert a couple of weeks ago.（埃里克几周前举行了他的第一场音乐会。）可知从课文中我们可以知道"埃里克几周前举行了他的第一场音乐会"。故选：C。 （4）细节理解题。根据We are really thankful for everyone's kindness.And we are thankful that the trombone got lost.It taught us so much about other people's healing（治愈的）power，even people we have never met before.（我们真的很感谢大家的好意。我们很庆幸长号丢失了。它教会了我们很多关于其他人的治愈能力，甚至是我们从未见过的人。）可知作者庆幸长号丢了是因为她得到了很多人的关心和善良。故选：B。 （5）最佳标题题。文章讲述了作者的儿子埃里克的长号丢了，作者把这事告诉了其他人，并得到了很多人的关心和善良，可知这篇文章的最佳标题是"丢失的长号和必要的善意"。故选：C。 【点评】本题为阅读理解，需要根据文章和题干，选出正确答案。 考点卡片 1．家庭、朋友与周围的人 【考点介绍】 家庭、朋友和周围的人是英语考试中经常出现的主题。这类文章通常会涉及个人和家庭背景、朋友关系、社交圈子以及对我们周围人的看法等内容。形式上，这类文章可能以描述、叙述、说明或议论等形式出现。 【解题思路】 1.明确文章主题和目的：快速浏览文章以确定主题和目的。这有助于理解文章的主要内容，并帮助你把握文章的大致走向。 2.抓住主要信息：在阅读文章时，注意抓住与主题和问题相关的关键信息。这些信息通常会以细节或明确的语言呈现，例如日期、地点、人物等。 3.理解上下文：上下文对于理解文章非常重要。注意文章中的关键词和短语，这些通常会引导你找到答案。 4.注意情感色彩：文章中可能会涉及到你对家庭、朋友或周围人的看法和感受。注意这些情感色彩，它们可能会影响你的理解和回答问题的方式。 5.理解文章结构：分析文章的结构可以帮助你更好地理解作者的思路和组织方式。识别出引言、主体和结论部分，这有助于你定位信息。 6.语法和拼写检查：在完成回答后，花一些时间检查你的答案的语法和拼写，以确保你的答案在语法和拼写上都是正确的。 7.利用已知信息：如果在考试中遇到关于你的家庭、朋友或周围人的问题，而文章中没有明确的信息，你可以利用你已经知道的信息来回答问题。 2．记叙文 【考点介绍】 在英语考试中，"记叙文"类文章主要涉及个人或他人的经历、事件、情感等方面，通常以第一人称或第三人称的角度进行叙述。这类文章可能包括故事、回忆录、游记、传记等不同形式，考查学生对语言表达和情感态度的理解能力。 【解题思路】 1.抓住主题和关键信息：阅读时要注意文章中的时间、地点、人物和事件等关键信息，并理解作者的情感态度和主题。 2.理解文章结构：记叙文通常有时间顺序、因果关系等结构特点，注意把握文章中的转折、承接等逻辑关系。 3.注意细节：阅读时要注重细节描写，这些细节可能直接或间接地反映出作者的情感和态度，也可能构成文章的线索。 4.完形填空：在完形填空题中，要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意人物性格和情感的变化以及情节的推进。 5.写作：如果要求写作记叙文，要明确人称和时态，注意事件的起承转合和人物性格的刻画。同时，运用适当的修辞手法可以增强文章的表现力。 3．议论文 【考点介绍】 在英语考试中，"议论文"类文章主要涉及某个观点、论点、政策或现象的讨论和论证，通常包括引言、论点、论据和结论等部分。这类文章通常以第三人称的角度进行论述，要求考生对特定观点进行分析、评价和判断。 【解题思路】 1.抓住主题和论点：理解作者的观点和立场。注意文章中的主题句和关键信息，这些通常出现在文章的开头或结尾。 2.分析论点和论据：论点是文章的核心观点，论据则是支持论点的证据和理由。注意分辨论点和论据的逻辑关系，判断论据是否充分、合理。 3.评估论证过程：注意论点和论据之间的关联是否合理、逻辑是否严密。检查论据是否真实、可靠，论证过程是否存在漏洞或偏见。 4.完形填空：要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意论点和论据之间的关联以及论证过程的逻辑关系。 5.写作：要明确论点和论据，合理安排论述结构。考生需要在论证过程中使用适当的逻辑推理和证据支持自己的观点，同时注意文章的连贯性和表达方式。 4．应用文 【考点介绍】 英语中的"应用文"类语篇通常包括书信、电子邮件、备忘录、报告、申请书、新闻报道等，这些语篇通常遵循一定的格式和惯例，主要目的是为了传达信息、提出建议或请求、提供服务等。与说明文不同的是，应用文更加注重读者需求和目的，强调信息的准确性和实用性。应用文类语篇的考点主要涉及写作目的和格式的掌握，语言表达能力和语法的准确性，以及提供充分的证据来支持所述内容等方面。包含以下内容： 1.书信：书信通常包括信头、日期、收件人地址、称呼、信文、结束语和签名等部分。考点通常涉及信文的写作目的、信件格式、礼貌用语、语言表达能力和语法。 2.电子邮件：电子邮件通常包括主题、收件人地址、称呼、正文、结尾和签名等部分。考点通常涉及电子邮件的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，电子邮件通常使用简洁明了的语言，避免使用过于复杂或正式的语言。 3.备忘录：备忘录通常包括标题、收件人地址、称呼、正文、结尾和签名等部分。考点通常涉及备忘录的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。备忘录通常使用简洁明了的语言，避免使用过于复杂或正式的语言。 4.报告：报告通常包括标题、摘要、正文和结论等部分。考点通常涉及报告的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，报告中通常需要使用数据和事实支持结论，并使用合适的图表和图片来清晰地呈现信息。 5.申请书：申请书通常包括标题、个人资料、申请理由、证明文件和签名等部分。考点通常涉及申请书的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，申请书中需要提供充分的申请理由，并使用合适的证明文件来支持申请。 6.新闻报道：新闻报道通常包括标题、导语、主体和结尾等部分。考点通常涉及新闻报道的写作目的、格式、语言表达能力和语法。此外，新闻报道中需要提供准确的信息来源和事实，避免使用主观语言和情绪化表达。 【解题思路】 1.明确目的和读者：注意文章的标题、开头和结尾，这可以帮助你了解作者要传达的信息和读者需要知道的内容。 2.抓住关键信息：例如时间、地点、人物、事件、数据等。这些信息是构成文章主体的核心内容。 3.分析文章结构：通常来说，应用文会按照以下结构展开：引言（Introduction）、主体（Body）和结论（Conclusion）。 4.注意语言表达：应用文的用词和语气通常比较正式和客观。 5.完形填空：要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意选项之间的逻辑关系和语法搭配，同时要结合文章的目的和内容进行推理。 6.写作：要明确目的和读者对象，安排好文章结构。在写作过程中，使用适当的语言表达自己的观点和信息，同时要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性。可以使用表格、图表等辅助材料来支持你的观点。 5．细节理解 【考点介绍】 英语阅读中的"细节理解"考点主要考察考生对文章中特定细节的理解和把握能力。这类考点通常会以各种形式出现，例如直接细节题、间接细节题、细节转换题等。这类题目通常会涉及到文章中的一些具体事实、细节，如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等。 【解题思路】 1.抓住关键词：首先，考生需要先明确题目中询问的具体内容，一般来说，题目中的"细节"一词通常会与时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等关键词一起出现。 2.精准定位：在找到关键词后，考生需要快速浏览文章，找到与题目中询问的内容相关的段落。注意，题目中的细节可能会出现在不同的段落中，因此考生需要仔细阅读每个段落，尤其是包含关键词的句子及其周围的句子。 3.理解细节内容：在找到相关段落后，考生需要仔细阅读该段落的每一句话，理解其具体含义。对于其中的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等细节信息，考生需要特别注意。同时，考生还需要注意段落中的逻辑关系，这有助于理解细节信息的真正含义。 4.对比选项：一般来说，正确答案会在原文中直接给出或者根据原文中的细节信息进行推理得到。考生要注意选项中的细节是否与原文一致，尤其要注意那些在原文中被特别强调的信息。 5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会给出与原文相似但不完全一致的信息，或者给出一些原文中没有提到的信息。考生要学会识别这些干扰项，从而排除它们，找到正确答案。 6．主旨大意 【考点介绍】 主旨大意题是指考生需根据文章整体内容，概括出文章的主题、主旨或者核心观点。这类题目要求考生能够理解和把握文章的宏观结构，同时能够从文章中获取关键信息并对其进行归纳总结。主旨大意题在英语阅读考试中十分常见，且通常作为考试的最后一道题目出现。 【解题思路】 1.快速浏览全文：对文章的内容和结构有一个大致的了解。在阅读过程中，要注意抓住文章的关键段落和语句。 2.寻找主题句：主题句通常位于文章的开头或结尾，能够概括文章的主要内容。考生要学会识别主题句，它通常是具有概括性、总结性的句子，有时还可能包含文章的主题词。 3.归纳总结：如果文章没有明确的主题句，考生需要通过理解全文内容，归纳总结出文章的主旨大意。要特别注意那些反复出现的关键词和强调的内容。 4.比对选项：在确定主旨大意后，考生需要比对选项，找到最能概括文章主旨的那一个。注意选项中是否包含关键词、是否忠于原文、是否过于片面或绝对。 5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离文章主题，或者包含与文章无关的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章主旨的选项。 7．推理判断 【考点介绍】 推理判断题是英语阅读中的高级题型，它要求考生在理解文章的基础上，根据文章中的线索和提示，推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。推理判断题不仅要求考生对文章有深入的理解，还要求考生具备分析、推理和判断的能力。推理判断题通常会以两种形式出现：直接推理题和间接推理题。 【解题思路】 1.理解全文：首先，考生需要理解全文的大意和结构，了解作者的观点和态度。要特别注意那些表明作者观点或态度的关键词和语句，如形容词、副词、动词等。 2.抓住细节：要特别注意那些与文章主题相关的细节，如数据、事实、例子等。 3.分析推理：需要根据文章中的线索和提示，运用逻辑推理和分析判断的能力，推断出作者未明确表述的观点或态度。 4.比对选项：注意选项中是否与文章内容相符、是否符合逻辑、是否忠于原文。 5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会偏离文章的主题或作者的意图，或者包含错误的信息，考生要学会排除这些干扰项，找到最符合文章内容和作者意图的选项。 第1页（共1页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$