2025届高中英语一轮复习讲义：外研社版2019选择性必修第三册

选择性必修第三册Unit 1　Face Values 热考词汇： 1.pretend v.假装，装作 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①The boy pretended ___________________________________ (concentrate) on his lesson，but in fact his mind was wandering. ②The boy pretended ____________________________ (fall) asleep when his father came back. ③She opened a book, and pretended to read, with tears dropping on the open page.(动作描写) →She opened a book, ___________________________________________, with tears dropping on the open page.(分词短语作状语) 用法归纳 pretend to be＋n./adj. 假装是…… pretend to do sth 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装已做过某事 pretend (that)... 假装…… Honestly, I felt a huge sense of loss at that time.Yet I managed to force a weak smile and pretended to appreciate it.(情绪描写) 说实话，当时我有一种巨大的失落感。但我还是勉强地笑了笑，假装很欣赏。 2.bother v.(使)苦恼；费心，麻烦；打扰，烦扰 n.麻烦；困难 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Don’t bother ___________________________________________ (look) for my umbrella; it will turn up some day. ②I don’t want to bother her ________________________________________ my problems at the moment. ③_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ but my father told me not to lose heart.(心理描写) 让我烦恼的是，我们找不到回去的路了，但父亲告诉我不要失去信心。 用法归纳 bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事 bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人；使某人为某事烦恼 bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事 It bothers sb that/to do... 使某人苦恼的是……/做……使某人苦恼 I used to bother you to do many things for me，but you were never impatient with me.(感谢信)　我过去总是麻烦您为我做很多事情，但您从来没有对我不耐烦。 3.acknowledge v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在) (admit)；认可；告知收到；感谢，致谢→acknowledgement n.承认；感谢；收件复函；致谢 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Lu Xun，acknowledged ____________ one of the greatest modern writers in China，was born in Shaoxing，Zhejiang Province. ②_____________________________________________________________ people cannot succeed or achieve their targets without a strong will and persistence. 人们普遍认为，没有坚强的意志和毅力，人们就无法成功或实现目标。 ③Tom _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________， which made us quite depressed. 汤姆承认在比赛中失败了，这使我们很沮丧。 用法归纳 acknowledge sb/sth to be/as...认为或承认某人/某物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做过某事 It is universally/widely acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的。 Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷) 在公认的中国历史人物中，我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。 4.make efforts/an/every effort to do sth努力做某事 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She wrapped a handkerchief around her bleeding palm ____________ an effort to protect it. ②Eager and excited, she waved her yellow blouse and _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ so as to attract others’ attention.(情绪描写＋动作描写) 她又急又兴奋，挥舞着自己的黄色上衣，不遗余力地大叫，以吸引别人的注意。 用法归纳 in an effort to do sth 为了做某事 spare no effort(s) to do sth 不遗余力地做某事 with (an) effort 努力地，费力地 without effort 毫不费力地 If I am lucky enough to be elected，I will make efforts/every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our club.(申请信) 如果我有幸当选，我将尽最大努力为同学们和我们俱乐部的利益服务。 5.out of mercy出于怜悯 以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Some illegal hunters shot wild animals __________________________________ mercy so they were arrested. ②如果我们对自己的缺点视而不见，我们对别人就不会仁慈。(主旨升华) →If we are blind to our own faults，we _________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________.(merciful) →If we are blind to our own faults，we __________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________.(mercy) 用法归纳 ·mercy n. 仁慈，宽恕；恩惠 show mercy to 对……怜悯/宽恕 have mercy on/upon 对……怜悯/宽恕 without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情地 at the mercy of... 任由……摆布 ·merciful adj. 仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 At the mercy of the strong wind，the little trees on the top of the mountain couldn’t stand up straight.(环境描写) 在强风的摆布下，山顶上的小树都站不直了。 经典句式： 句型公式：as引导状语从句 【教材原句】　As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It’s a pretty person’s world”.　正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样，“这是一个看脸的世界”。 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①For in－person humor，quality isn’t as important ____________ you might think.Your attitude and effort count a lot. ②_____________________________________________________________， they managed to make it to the finish point. 尽管他们劳累而疲惫，但他们还是设法到达了终点。 ③随着科技和互联网的进步，几乎每个人都能使用手机。 →_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________，cell phones can be accessible to almost everyone.(with复合结构) →_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________，cell phones can be accessible to almost everyone.(as引导状语从句) 用法归纳 as作连词，有以下用法： ·“按照……的方式(方法)”，引导方式状语从句。 ·“当……时候；一边……一边……”，引导时间状语从句。 ·“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。 ·“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 ·引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。 [点拨]　当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。 The twins cheered up and did as they were told.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 双胞胎高兴起来，照吩咐做了。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①We crossed big rivers and vast plains, climbed high mountains, and overlooked deep valleys.____________ ②She asked for the woman’s name and address so that she could repay the money that the woman lent her.(2021·浙江6月卷改编)____________ 2.选出acknowledge的汉语意思 A.v.认可　B.v.感谢　C.v.承认 ①Acknowledge that you hurt her，and then apologize.______ ②Harry was acknowledged to be the cleverest boy in the class.______ ③I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses.______ 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.He spared no effort ____________ (carry) out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous.(2023·全国甲卷) 2.That includes huge ____________ (save) in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.(2022·全国乙卷) 3.To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial ____________ (express).(2021·浙江6月卷) 4.Lincolns ____________ (large)the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.(2021·浙江6月卷) 5.It upset him that nobody ____________ (bother) to tell him about it. 6.To tell the truth，I think his behaviour is completely beyond ____________ (comprehend). 7.Once, after a particularly long swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming ____________ (graceful) in the pool. 8.____________ (assume)that I am chosen to be a volunteer at Paris Olympic Games, I will serve the people heart and soul. 9.Driven by a burning desire ____________ adventure and travel，Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties. 10.Next time you are cornered by such a dog, pretend ____________ (pick) up a stone.It will be frightened away. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(议论文——如何看待美) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①人们普遍认为美在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。(acknowledge) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ②许多女孩认为外表不能被忽视。(assume, overlook) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ③为了追求理想的身材，她们试图尝试她们知道的每一种方法，这使她们很烦恼。(attempt to, bother) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ④一些女孩甚至用自己的积蓄购买减肥药片来减肥。(saving, pill) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ⑤在我看来，内在美是最重要的，也是增强我们自信的最好方法。(boost one’s confidence) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ⑥真正重要的不是从头到脚打扮，而是用知识和全面的能力武装自己。(from head to toe) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 练二　续写增分技巧15——描写“宽慰与温暖” 1.Alice felt relieved to see a car approaching. 看到一辆车靠近，爱丽丝松了一口气。 2.A mixture of warmth and relief flooded over her. 一种温暖和解脱交织的感觉涌上她的心头。 3.Tears of appreciation welled up in her eyes as she thanked the stranger for his help，but he just smiled warmly. 她感谢陌生人的帮助时，感激的泪水涌上了她的眼睛，但他只是暖暖地一笑。 4.Reaching the tall building where her office was，Alice breathed a sigh of relief. 爱丽丝到了她办公室所在的大楼，如释重负地松了口气。 5.She felt warm in the cold day，and believed there was kindness in every corner. 她在寒冷的天气里感到了温暖，相信处处都有善良。 [小试身手] Despite the cheering of my classmates，I was almost the last to cross the finish line.①________________，I was so tired that I knelt down on the track.②________________________.Immediately，my classmates rushed to me，③________________，and urged me to rise to my feet.I was surrounded，with towels and all kinds of drinks handed to me.④__________________.That sports meet is an unforgettable experience，which gives us a lot of confidence，both in my fellow students and in my own potential. 尽管同学们都在欢呼，但我几乎是最后一个冲过终点线的。如释重负，我累得跪在跑道上。我的汗水从脸上流下来。同学们立刻向我冲过来，抓住我的胳膊，敦促我站起来。我被围了起来，毛巾和各种各样的饮料递给我。我感到一种温暖。那次运动会是一次难忘的经历，它给了我们很多信心，无论是对我的同学还是对我自己的潜力。 选择性必修第三册　Unit 2　A life’s work 热考词汇： 1.fascination n.着迷，迷恋；魅力，极大的；吸引力→fascinate v.使着迷→fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinated adj.着迷的，被深深吸引的 以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①My hometown is a beautiful village, where you can feast your eyes on its ____________ (fascinate) scenery. ②既然你对鲜花如此着迷，我强烈建议你去城东公园参观一下。 →Since you ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________, I strongly recommend you to pay a visit to the Chengdong Park.(fascinate) →Since you _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________, I strongly recommend you to pay a visit to the Chengdong Park.(fascination) 用法归纳 ·in fascination 入迷地；着迷地 have a fascination for/with sb/sth 对某人/物着迷 hold a fascination for sb 对某人有吸引力 ·be fascinated by 对……入迷的；对……极感兴趣的 I looked out of the window, winding rivers, lofty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys holding me entirely in their fascination.(环境描写) 我望向窗外，蜿蜒的河流、高耸的山脉、阳光明媚的海滩和深深的山谷，让我完全沉浸在它们的魅力之中。 2.fashion n.时尚→fashionable adj.流行的；时尚的 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Students who are in favor of it are in the majority.35 percent of them hold the view that Internet slang is vivid and ____________ (fashion). ②Long skirts have _____________________________________ again.Faded jeans ____________________________________________________________，too. 长裙子又流行起来，褪色牛仔裤还很时髦。 用法归纳 in fashion 流行的 out of fashion 过时的 come into fashion 开始流行 As new words come into fashion, some old ones are disappearing.(语言学习) 随着新词的流行，一些老词正在消失。 3.ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有抱负的，有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n.追求，夙愿；志向，抱负，雄心 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is obvious that the combination of ______________ (ambitious) and faith serves as another source of beauty. ②What bothered her was that she never _____________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. 让她苦恼的是她一直未能实现成为著名作家的夙愿。 用法归纳 ·be ambitious for 渴望得到……；对……抱有期望 be ambitious to do sth 一心想做某事 ·ambition to do/of doing sth 做某事的雄心 achieve one’s ambition 实现某人的抱负 Every parent is very ambitious for their children. 每个父母都望子成龙心切。 4.by trial and error反复试验(以得出最佳结果)；经过不断摸索 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①These pilots must now face the consequences of their actions and be brought ____________ trial. ②You can _______________________________________________， and if you don’t like it you can give it back. 你可以试用这个设备，如果你不喜欢它，你可以把它退回去。 用法归纳 trial n. 试验，试用；审讯，审理，审判 on trial 在试用中；在受审 bring sb to trial 将某人送交法院审理 Failure is the mother of success, which means progress will be made only by trial and error.(主旨升华)　失败是成功之母，这意味着只有通过不断摸索才能取得进步。 经典句式： 句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句 【教材原句】　If it hadn’t been for a three－episode documentary，outsiders would never have known that the plainly－dressed people working here are masters of their craft，who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques. 若不是一部三集的纪录片，外面的人永远也不会知道在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师，他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If it ____________ (be) not for the atmosphere，the earth would be either very hot or very cold. ②_____________________________________________________________ your help，_____________________________________________________________ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 如果不是你的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。 用法归纳 if引导虚拟条件句时，需注意主从句谓语动词的不同形式。 ·表示与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)，主句的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。 ·表示与将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或“were to/should＋动词原形”，主句的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。 ·表示与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词为“had＋过去分词”，主句的谓语动词为“would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词”。 If I were a dustman，I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.(演讲稿) 如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①The statement was carefully polished and checked before release.____________ ②It’s one of the biggest buildings in this area, and it really dominates this whole place.____________ 2.选出pose的汉语意思 A.v.构成，造成　B.v.(使)摆好姿势 C.v.提问；质询　D.v.佯装，冒充 ①Before going into their meeting, the six foreign ministers posed for photographs.______ ②And the story poses an interesting question：why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before? ______ ③The police warned that kidnappers might pose as nurses in hospitals.______ ④The drought also posed a threat to the growth of crops and agricultural production.______ 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ____________ (ambition) sportsmen.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2._______________ (fascinate)by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy.(2021·天津3月卷) 3.How could I possibly take the time to pose ____________ a sculpture now？(天津7月卷) 4.The novelist reads all kinds of books，________________ (range) from poetry to science fiction. 5.The first task following the disaster was the ____________ (restore) of clean water supplies. 6.There is great public concern about some of the chemicals used in food __________________ (preserve). 7.The most important tradition associated ____________ Laba Festival is eating Laba porridge. 8.Famous people don’t have much free time because their time is taken ____________ by their work. 9.I hope you spend some time learning that these ideas are worth spreading, and then pass ____________ them to other people who can make a difference. 10.If I ____________ (be) you，I would recite some Tang poems. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——介绍著名摄影师Bill Cunningham) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①当我们在街上看到比尔·坎宁安时，我们中的大多数人都认为他没有什么了不起的地方。(状语从句的省略) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ②事实上，很多名人仅仅想对他摆姿势，请他拍照。(celebrity, nothing more than, pose) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ③比尔·坎宁安之所以伟大，是因为他对摄影的痴迷和奉献，以及他在工作中投入的时间和精力。(主语从句，fascination) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ④虽然有名，他的生活方式却并不复杂。(approach to, uncomplicated) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ⑤他的辛勤工作使他不仅仅是一名时尚摄影师，他还是一名“文化人类学家”。(more than, fashion, anthropologist) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 练二　续写增分技巧16——描写“感激与感动” 1.Touched/Moved deeply，the crowd clapped their hands even more loudly. 人群被深深地感动了，于是更大声地鼓掌。 2.It was very moving/touching to see how much strangers could care for each other. 看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。 3.Knowing what had happened，his mother shed tears of joy and gratitude.　了解事情的经过后，他的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。 4.With tears of gratitude rolling down his cheeks，Peter said thankfully，“You’ve saved me today.I couldn’t thank you enough.” 感激的泪水顺着彼得的脸颊流下，他感激地说：“今天你救了我。我对你感激不尽。” 5.He smiled with gratitude as he accepted the flowers given by a small boy. 当他接过一个小男孩给的鲜花时，他感激地微笑起来。 [小试身手] A poorly－dressed man marched toward me，took some change out of his pocket and put it in the donation box.①__________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ He turned to smile.The money he donated was not a lot，but it was clearly a lot to him.I continued to sing merrily.As more people gathered round and clapped，②_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. It was still chilly but ③_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. 一个衣衫褴褛的人向我走来，从口袋里掏出一些零钱，放入捐款箱。我忍不住说：“谢谢您，先生。”他转身微笑。他捐的钱不多，但对他来说显然很多。我继续愉快地唱歌。随着越来越多的人围过来鼓掌，我感到一股感激之情涌上心头，我的担忧也渐渐消失了。天气仍然很冷，但我沐浴在善行的阳光中。 选择性必修第三册Unit 3War and peace 热考词汇： 1.horror n.惊恐；令人惊恐的事；恐怖(fright)，恐惧→horrible adj.可怕的→horrify v.惊吓；使厌恶；恐吓 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My brain is blank.I just want to leave this ____________ (horror) place. ②His son ran to look at the seedlings.________________________________ _____________________________________________________ (令他恐惧的是), all of them had dried up and died. ③Shocked by my mean words, Karina __________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ (惊恐地盯着我) and failed to say a word. 用法归纳 in horror 惊恐地 to one’s horror 令某人感到恐惧的是 Jane felt a great sense of horror welling up in her heart and surging through her.(心理描写) 简感到一股强烈的恐惧在她心中升腾、奔涌。 2.condemn v.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地；谴责；宣判 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He seemed to be so sorry and condemned ____________ his wasting of water. ②If you don’t work hard，you are condemned ______________ (live) from hand to mouth. ③Their lack of qualifications ________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. 由于缺乏资格，他们不得不终身从事枯燥的、通常报酬很低的工作。 用法归纳 condemn sb for (doing) sth 因为(做)某事而谴责某人 condemn sb to (do) sth 迫使某人处于不幸的境地；迫使某人做不愿做的事 be condemned to sth 使某人被迫接受困境 be condemned to do sth 注定做某事；被迫做某事 be condemned to death 被判处死刑 His occupation condemned him to spend long periods of time away from his family. 他的职业迫使他长时间地离开家人。 3.sum n.金额，款项；总数，总和 v.总结，概括 以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①Let me sum ____________ last lesson; after that we take up a new lesson. ②In conclusion, let’s take action from this very moment to grow up healthy and sound. →_____________________________________________________________, let’s take action from this very moment to grow up healthy and sound. 用法归纳 ·a large sum of 大量的 ·sum up 总结；概括 in sum＝to sum up 总而言之 It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve.(建议信) 重要的是要记住，成功是每天付出的小小努力的总和，往往需要多年才能实现。 4.hold down保住；压(制)住；限制 以练促学　完成语段 Having been __________________________ by the traffic congestion for one hour，he couldn’t ______________ his anger any longer and gave up the job interview that day，which caused him to lose the opportunity.So remember when problems arise，be patient.Don’t leave things half done.__________________ your aim and you will make it. 被交通阻塞耽搁了一个小时，他再也无法抑制愤怒并放弃了当天的面试，结果导致他失去了机会。所以记住，当问题发生时，要有耐心，不要半途而废。坚持你的目标，你就会成功。 用法归纳 hold back 阻挡；抵制；克制；控制；退缩 hold out (食物等)维持；伸出；坚持抵抗；坚决顶住 hold up 举起；支撑；耽搁；抢劫 hold on to 抓住；坚持(信仰、信念、原则等)，不放弃 He took a dictionary to hold down the test papers for fear that they might be blown away by the wind. 他拿了本词典压住试卷，以防被风吹走。 5.free...from...把……从……中释放出来，使……摆脱…… 以练促学　完成句子/一句多译 ①It was several weeks before you ___________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. 过了几星期你的疼痛才完全消除。 ②此外，还免费提供专业教师的在线指导，使您能够及时解决问题。 →Additionally, on－line guidance from professional teachers ____________________， enabling you to solve the problems in time. →Additionally, on－line guidance from professional teachers ________________， enabling you to solve the problems in time. 用法归纳 for free 免费，无偿地 free of charge 免费 (be) free of/from... 不受……的影响；免于 At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me, so I hoped I could be free from them. 有一段时间，我甚至觉得我的父母不能理解我，所以我希望我能摆脱他们。 经典句式： 句型公式：not only...but (also)... 【教材原句】　...the nation’s intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. ……国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents ______________________________ (be) fond of watching football matches. ②Not only you but also he ____________ (be) tired of having one examination after another. ③The activity not only provided a chance for us to exercise，but also made us more cohesive.(新高考Ⅰ卷) →_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________， but it also made us more cohesive.(倒装) 用法归纳 ·not only A but also B＝B as well as A ·not only...but also...连接两个分句时，若not only位于句首，其所在的分句要用部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。 ·not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词的选择要遵循“就近一致”原则。 ·not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用，also也可省略。 [点拨]　(1)not only...but (also)...通常可以连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等。 (2)如果 not only...but (also)...连接两个并列主语时，不能使用倒装。 Reciting poems not only enriches my knowledge，but also makes my job less boring. 背诵诗歌不仅丰富了我的知识，也使我的工作不那么无聊。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①There is anxiety about the rising tide of crime.____________ ②Clapping drowned the speaker’s words for a moment.____________ ③It’s hard to give an objective opinion about your own children.____________ 2.选出rough的汉语意思 A.adj.艰难的　B.adj.崎岖不平的 C.adj.大概的，粗略的　D.adj.粗糙的 E.adj.汹涌的；风浪大的 ①The skin on her hands was hard and rough.______ ②They journeyed for several weeks over rough roads.______ ③We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required.______ ④The sea was rough and dangerous，and the ship went up and down.______ ⑤Friends are the best to turn to when you’re having a rough day.______ 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.The image of the horse ____________ (emerge) in my mind，encouraging me to continue writing.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues(刺激) ____________ behavioural responses that help meet the goal.(2023·北京卷) 3.One girl recalled ____________ (celebrate) Halloween with her brothers and sisters，and thanked us for “bringing her home”.(2021·浙江1月卷) 4.As is known to us, nothing can be achieved without ____________ (dedicate) and frustration. 5.In the opera，the ____________ (violent) of the heroine’s feelings impressed the audience deeply. 6.The library houses lots of unpublished documents that are relevant _____________ your topic. 7.It is suggested that we should hold _____________ prices until the new year for the sake of the stability of society. 8.They selected me as the ____________ (represent) of our school to deliver a report about the result of our analysis. 9.Bike sharing is a fun，easy，environmentally friendly way ____________ (explore) a new place. 10.The thought had ____________ (bare) come to me when it was gone again. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(人物介绍——我的爷爷) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①我祖父是一位杰出的部队指挥官。(outstanding, commander, troop) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ②他在与敌人的激烈战斗中牺牲了。(violent) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ③在战斗中，他们的目标是解放这座城市。(objective, liberate) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ④今天是清明节，我和家人神情肃穆地参加了祭奠仪式。(定语从句，memorial, solemn) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ⑤父亲噙着泪水回忆起和祖父一起度过的快乐时光。(recall，with复合结构) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 练二　续写增分技巧17——描写“惊恐与害怕” 1.Her heart was racing with fear. 她的心因恐惧而狂跳。 2.A wave of fear welled up in/swept over her.Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak. 一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。她喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。 3.Fear flooded over her，making her shaking all. 恐惧涌上心头，使她浑身发抖。 4.You cannot imagine how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear. 你无法想象北极熊向我们逼近时我们是多么的恐惧。 5.Extremely terrified，I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating. 极度惊恐之下，我觉得我双腿发抖，手心冒汗。 [小试身手] It was a wolf！①__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________. It then advanced. ②_____________________________________________________________， “Get away！” Thankfully，a passing car stopped and the driver pushed the door open.She dashed in just in time，gasping for breath.③________________ ______________________________________________. Referring to the wolf， she couldn’t stop saying to the driver，“Thank you.” Tears of appreciation rolled down her face. 一只狼！她吓得无法形容。她呆住了。狼逼近了。她挣扎着跑开，尖叫着哀求：“滚开！”谢天谢地，一辆路过的汽车停了下来，司机推开车门。她最终气喘吁吁地冲上了车。她的心怦怦直跳，无数个惊恐的念头涌入脑海。说到狼，她不停地对司机说：“谢谢你。”感激的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。 选择性必修第三册Unit 4A glimpse of the future 热考词汇： 1.bound adj.可能的；一定会；有义务的；准备前往(某地) 以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①I would be very thankful if you could reserve a ticket for the train bound _____________________________________________________________ Wuhan tomorrow morning. ②For any question, please e－mail Li Hua at 12369 @ qq.com.You are sure to benefit a lot from it. →For any question, please e－mail Li Hua at 12369@qq.com.You _____________________________________________________________ benefit a lot from it. 用法归纳 be bound to do sth 肯定会做某事，很可能做某事；有义务做某事 be bound for... 准备前往某地 I am writing to inform you of the Chinese Culture Festival bound to be held in Quanzhou next month.(邀请信) 我写信是想通知你中国文化节将于下个月在泉州举行。 2.demand n.需要，需求；要求 v.强烈要求；需要(request)→demanding adj.要求高的；费力的；苛求的 以练促学　单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①Like running，race walking is physically _______________________________ _____________________________________________________________ (demand)，she says. (全国Ⅰ卷) ②Apparently，science graduates are ____________________________________ greater demand than arts ones in China. ③The manager asked the workers to work extra hours to finish the task ahead of time. →The manager _________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ to complete the task ahead of schedule.(demand) 用法归纳 ·be in (great) demand (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one’s demand(s) for... 满足某人对……的需求 ·demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that...(should) do sth要求……做某事 She opened the door for me and threw herself in my arms, screaming joyously and demanding desirably for her Christmas gift.(动作描写) 她为我打开门，扑进我的怀里，高兴地尖叫着，急切地要求给她圣诞礼物。 3.desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的(hopeless)；极想，渴望→desperately adv.极其，非常；绝望地，不顾一切地，拼命地→desperation n.绝望 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ① A noise at a window caught my attention，so I entered it.It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟)，____________ (desperate) trying to escape.(2023·浙江1月卷) ②My hand was on the edge of the table and I cast my eyes downward in _____________________________________________________________ (desperate). ③I wanted to know what they were going through and I _____________________________________________________________ (非常想知道) what I could do for them.(心理描写，2022·浙江6月卷) 用法归纳 ·be desperate for... 渴望得到…… be desperate to do sth 很想做某事 ·in desperation 绝望 The girl was so desperate for warmth that she struck the matches.(心理描写＋动作描写) 女孩非常渴望温暖，于是划着了火柴。 4.hang out闲逛，逗留，常去某处 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①However，when she hung ____________，she regretted the way she had handled the call. ②It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on ____________ hope. ③There’s also an area on the rooftop for _____________________________ _____________________________________________________________ during the summer. 屋顶上还有一个区域，在夏天可以与其他游客去那里玩乐。 用法归纳 hang up 悬挂；挂断电话 hang on 抓紧，稍等；(在逆境中)坚持，不放弃 hang around (在某处)等待；经常和……在一起 hang on to 抓紧某物；保留；不卖掉；不放弃 I smiled at Karina, and invited her to hang out, after which our laughter soon lingered in the beautiful land again.(动作描写) 我对卡瑞娜微笑，邀请她一起出去玩，之后我们的笑声很快又在这片美丽的土地上徘徊。 经典句式： 句型公式：though引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】　Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn’t outrace Robutt，who didn’t need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel. 吉米虽然是个能手，却无法超越罗布，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Child ____________ he was，he had the capacity to tell what was the right thing to do. ②On the way，____________ some students fell behind，they kept running to the finish line. ③Although she was tired and exhausted，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse. →_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse.(倒装) 用法归纳 (1)though引导的让步状语从句可倒装可不倒装。 (2)as引导让步状语从句时，从句需倒装。其结构为： ·单数可数名词(无冠词)/形容词＋as＋主语＋be＋其他成分； ·动词原形＋as＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分； ·副词＋as＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分。 [点拨]　although引导的从句不能倒装；它们可以与yet，still连用，不能与but连用。 Daunting as/though the challenge was, I managed to slide myself onto a cross－country ski path and waited for another hour before the mountain rescue team came. 尽管挑战很艰巨，我还是设法滑上了一条越野滑雪道，又等了一个小时，山地救援队才来。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①But it was time to take the leap，however heartbreaking it would be.(2023·全国乙卷)____________ ②She wants to travel to broaden her horizons.____________ 2.选出go through的汉语意思 A.经历　B.通过　C.检查　D.用完 ①He went through all kinds of hardships in the old society.______ ②Our plan about how to spend our summer holidays didn’t go through.______ ③It didn’t take Albert very long to go through his money.______ ④She went through the company’s accounts，looking for the evidence of fraud(欺诈).______ 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.They could not afford to pay for transportation for their dog，Tiffy，and ____________ (desperate) wanted to take her with them.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) 2.These days，safety ____________ (regulate)—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities(容量) slightly lower.(2021·全国乙卷) 3.Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a _____________ (consist) basis.(新高考Ⅰ卷) 4.With your ____________ (assist), I will make full preparations for the meeting. 5.Some enjoy stable but ____________ (demand) jobs，such as lawyers，doctors and civil servants. 6.I hold the belief that the commander is bound __________ (achieve) his dream sooner or later. 7.Many fashionable young people go there to shop or just hang ____________. 8.The people in that country banked ______________ the joint efforts of everyone to fight against the invaders. 9.Discouraged ____________ you are now，I hold the belief that if you wear a smile，the reward will be amazing. 10.I am capable __________ perfectly organizing the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this city. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——科学技术对人类的影响) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①科学技术给人类带来了巨大的利益。(humanity) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ②我们有时也会成为它发展的受害者，因为一些潜在的罪犯可能会利用它做一些不道德的事情。(victim, potential, immoral) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ③我们急需一些解决问题的办法。(desperate) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ④我们需要一些规则来规范我们的行为，通过这些规则可以避免一些非法行为。(regulate, illegal) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 练二　续写增分技巧18——描写“沮丧与孤独” 1.An air of sorrow and loneliness settled over her. 悲伤和孤独的气氛笼罩着她。 2.She locked herself in her room，abandoning herself to great sadness. 她把自己锁在房间里，沉浸在巨大的悲痛之中。 3.Feeling left out，Jane was getting desperate with loneliness. 简感到被冷落，孤独使她感到绝望。 4.She wept quietly，feeling it was the saddest moment for her young life. 她静静地落泪，感觉这是她年轻的生命中最悲伤的时刻。 5.She felt so depressed that she found herself crying unconsciously，unable to hold back her tears. 她感到如此沮丧，发现自己不知不觉哭了，眼泪止不住。 [小试身手] As I recalled my new surroundings，①_______________________________ __________________________________________.My mother grasped my hand， comforting me，“Try everything three times，and everything will change for the better.” From then on，②_________________________________________________， I repeated to myself that I should try everything three times，and ③_____________________________________________________________. From behaving well to speaking up with confidence，all my fears had given way to one simple idea：Try everything three times. 当我回忆起我的新环境时，我沮丧不已。妈妈抓住我的手，安慰我说：“凡事试三次，一切都会好起来的。”从那时起，每当我遇到自己舒适区以外的事情时，我都会不断对自己说，凡事试三次，这激励着我前行。从表现良好到自信演讲，我所有的恐惧都变为一个简单的想法：凡事试三次。 选择性必修第三册Unit 5Learning from nature 热考词汇： 1.employ v.使用，运用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)；从事，忙于→employer n.雇用者，雇主→ employee n.雇员→employment n.雇用，就业→unemployment n.失业 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①For the past three years he has been employed ____________ a firefighter in the central district of the city. ②We have been employed ____________ (look) at ways of reducing waste and we have made great progress. ③He was employed in reading a work of fiction and he didn’t see his niece come in.(动作描写) →___________________________________________________ reading a work of fiction，he didn’t see his niece come in.(过去分词短语作状语) →___________________________________________________ reading a work of fiction，he didn’t see his niece come in.(现在分词短语作状语) 用法归纳 ·employ sb as... 雇用某人担任…… employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in (doing) sth＝be employed in (doing) sth 忙于(做)某事 ·out of employment 失业 Overwhelmed with excitement, David and I had fun camping while mom was employed in chatting happily with the family that also camped there.(情绪描写) 我和大卫兴奋不已，在露营时玩得很开心，而妈妈也和在那里露营的家人开心地聊天。 2.withdraw v.退出；撤离；提取(存款)；收回，撤销→withdrawal n.撤走；收回，取回；提款，取款；退出 以练促学　猜测词义/单句语法填空/完成句子 ①After withdrawing the money, he went straight to the local Wal－Mart.____________ ②The commander ordered an immediate ____________ (withdraw) of the troops from this area. ③She had to ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ because of her leg injury. 她因腿伤不得不退出比赛。 用法归纳 withdraw from 从……撤出/退出 withdraw...from... 从……提取/撤回……；使……退出…… The wolf might feel the threats from the people, starting to withdraw. 这匹狼可能感觉到了来自人们的威胁，开始撤退。 3.resign v.使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于；辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)→resignation n.辞职；辞呈 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Ten years ago, he resigned ____________ a company in Beijing and went to Shenzhen to do temporary work. ②In order to look after her sick mother, my friend decided to resign __________ manager. ③Her husband died in an accident, she had to _____________________________________________________________. 她丈夫在事故中去世了，她只好独自抚养她的孩子们。 用法归纳 resign from... 辞去……职务 resign as... 辞去当……的职务 resign oneself to (doing) sth 听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事 Although I was sweating all over and became very tired, I didn’t want to resign myself to giving up halfway. 虽然我浑身是汗并且很累，但我不想中途放弃。 4.ease n.舒适，悠闲 v.(使)宽慰；减轻，缓解 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①“Too slow, sister！” I heard my brother Sam yell as he jumped ____________ ease. ②His mind was ____________ ease knowing that his wife and children were safe and sound. ③Soon，his warm，bright smile ____________________________________ _____________________________________________________________， and we spent the next two hours talking casually. 很快，他温暖、灿烂的笑容使我放松下来。在接下来的两个小时里，我们随意地聊着。 用法归纳 ·at ease with 不拘束，放松 with ease＝easily 轻易地 be/feel at ease 感到轻松 put sb at ease 使某人放松/舒适/自在 ·ease one’s mind 使某人宽慰 Playing basketball is a good way to ease our great study pressure and bring some pleasure at the same time.(建议信) 打篮球是一个能缓解我们巨大学习压力同时也能带来一些乐趣的好方法。 5.convert...into...(使)……转变为…… 以练促学　猜测词义/单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I didn’t use to like opera but my husband has converted me.____________ ②The ____________ (convert) of the old classroom into a new library has greatly improved the school. ③On arrival，I found that the building ______________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ a primary school. 到达时，我发现那栋楼已经改成了一所小学。 用法归纳 ·convert v. 使转变；使转换；改变(观点、习惯等) convert...to... 把……转变为…… convert (...) from...to... (把……)从……转变为…… ·conversion n. 转变，转化 If people convert the wetlands to farmland，birds will not have enough space to live.(环境保护)　如果人们将湿地转化为农田，鸟类就没有足够的生存空间。 经典句式： 句型公式：while连接并列句 【教材原句】　While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to，Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.　陶渊明回归自然是对他所反对的生活方式的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人决定而改变自己的生活方式。 以练促学　完成句子 ①I had to take on the responsibility of cleaning the house and cooking meals _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ (我妈妈上班的时候). ②Max cried at this sight, throwing a fist in the air, _____________________________________________________________ (莉莉兴奋地尖叫起来).(动作描写＋情绪描写) 用法归纳 ·while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示对比关系。 ·while引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间；当……的时候”。 ·while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”。 While travel can broaden your mind，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.(建议信) 尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多时间和金钱不是一个好主意。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem.____________ ②A decent dressing at first meeting will get on one’s good side.____________ ③With that, I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital, doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort.____________ 2.选出withdraw的汉语意思 A.v.退出　B.v.撤销　C.v.提取　D.v.撤离 ①With no money left，I must withdraw some from the bank.______ ②We withdrew to the garden for a private talk.______ ③No, if we are going to withdraw from our planned marriage, it will be because of your wish, not mine.______ ④He wanted to withdraw his name from the guest list.______ 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.In more technical terms，the ____________ (wise) of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.The times listed on the schedules are _________________ (depart) times，not arrival times.(2023·浙江1月卷) 3.When I ____________ (reject) from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult.(2023·北京卷) 4.Through the Internet，we can obtain a large quantity of learning materials ____________ ease.(2021·全国乙卷) 5.“How much money have you earned？” Dad asked.I was surprised, reluctant ____________ (say) my income.(2021·浙江6月卷) 6.I felt bored.No energy, no motivation and zero ____________ (fulfil).(2021·天津3月卷) 7.He has recently made a significant discovery—loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to ____________ (depress) and even crimes, but it can be prevented in a clever way.(天津7月卷) 8.She was forced to withdraw ____________ the game because of a back injury. 9.Exciting artistic breakthroughs have recently occurred in the fields of painting，sculpture and ____________ (architect). 10.Nobody knows why Jack resigned ________________ office，for he did a good job in the company. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——介绍著名诗人陶渊明) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①陶渊明是一位著名的、有影响的诗人。 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ②他不愿屈从于腐败的官场生活，退出了安逸而熟悉的生活，决定回归自然。(形容词短语作状语，reluctant, resign, withdraw) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ③陶成功地在乡村找到了满足感，在那里他感到放松。(fulfilment，rural, ease) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ④他笔下平静祥和的生活与压抑的官场生活形成鲜明对比。(in contrast, depressive) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ⑤他在那里生活简单，却获得了个人的幸福和满足感。(attain, fulfilment) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 练二　续写增分技巧19——描写“担忧与绝望” 1.Tony stood there helplessly，frowning. 托尼无助地站在那里，皱着眉。 2.Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. 玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。 3.Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness，undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless and hopeless. 他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加无助和绝望。 4.Lost in the mountain，they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously. 他们在山里迷了路，做不了什么，只好焦急地等待救援。 5.As the evening wore on，they grew increasingly/more and more worried. 随着夜色渐深，他们越来越担忧。 [小试身手] It was foggy outside when he rode slowly home.Suddenly，without warning，his bike hit a rock，throwing him to the ground，face down.The fog around him grew thicker，①_____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. It didn’t take him long to come to himself and realize his left ankle was swollen and ②_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. He panicked.③__________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________， and ④__________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________.Thankfully，an elderly man passing by grabbed him tightly by the arm and he was helped to his feet.Without any delay，he was sent to the hospital. 外面起了雾，他慢慢地骑车回家。突然，毫无征兆地，他的自行车撞到了一块石头，他脸朝下摔在了地上。他周围的雾越来越浓，他瘫倒在地，一动不动地躺了一会儿。没过多久他就清醒过来，意识到自己的左脚踝肿了，脸上血流不止。他惊慌失措。他既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。只好焦急地等待救援。幸运的是，一位路过的老人紧紧抓住他的胳膊，扶他站了起来。他立即被送往医院。 选择性必修第三册Unit 6Nature in words 热考词汇： 1.insist v.坚称，坚决认为；坚决要求→insistence n.坚持 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The police officer insisted that he ________________________________ _______________________________________ (disobey) the traffic rules and ________________________ (fine). ②David _______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. 大卫坚持跑步，尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了，好像他已经忘记了他所有的弱点。 用法归纳 insist on/upon (doing) sth　坚持(做)某事 insist (that)...坚决要求……/坚持认为…… [点拨]　insist作“坚持要求；坚持主张”讲时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即动词用“(should＋) do”；作“坚持说；坚持认为”解时，其后的从句用陈述语气。 Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, her eyes twinkling with excitement.(情绪描写) 妈妈坚决要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中闪着兴奋的光芒。 2.ban v.禁止，取缔 n.禁止，禁令 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The Chinese government has decided to ban ____________ (smoke) in public places across the country. ②In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned ____________ medicine.(2023·全国乙卷) ③To create cleaner surroundings，__________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________. (环境保护) 为了创造更清洁的环境，我们应该禁止到处乱扔垃圾。 用法归纳 ·ban doing sth 禁止做某事 ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止某人(做)某事 ·a ban on... ……的禁令 put/place/impose a ban 颁布禁令 lift a ban 取消禁令 Some schools are very worried about the harm that mobile phones may bring to students and advocate a complete ban on students bringing mobile phones to school. 一些学校非常担心手机可能给学生带来的危害，主张全面禁止学生带手机上学。 3.puzzled adj.困惑的(confused)，无法理解的→puzzle v.迷惑，(使)困惑 n.智力游戏；不解之谜；疑问→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①His last paintings are perhaps the most ____________ (puzzle), which even puzzle all the artists. ②You ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ if you don’t learn about the background of these poems. 如果你不了解这些诗歌的背景，你可能会对它们的含义感到很困惑。 用法归纳 be puzzled at/about 对……迷惑不解 a puzzled look/expression 一脸迷惑 “What’s the matter with it？”She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face.(语言描写) “怎么了？”她困惑地皱着眉头问爷爷。 4.alert v.提醒(remind)，使(某人)意识到 adj.警觉的，警惕的；意识到 n.警戒，警惕；警报(alarm) 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Terrified of insects and always ____________ alert for a storm rolling in, he remained housebound. ②The deer are always __________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ which will happen at any time. 鹿总是对周围随时可能发生的危险保持警惕。 用法归纳 ·alert sb to sth 使某人注意/意识到某事物 ·be alert to sth 对……警觉 ·on the alert for 警惕；准备应对…… on alert 处于警戒状态；保持戒备 To live a healthy life, the government alerted the public to the environmental protection.(环境保护) 为了过健康的生活，政府提醒公众注意环境保护。 5.reputation n.名誉，名望 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Here was this challenging student who had a reputation ____________ single－mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me.(2022·浙江1月卷) ②She devoted herself entirely to her research and it _____________________________________________________________ in her field. 她全身心地投入到她的研究中，这为她在她的领域赢得了良好的声誉。 ③She delivered an outstanding performance and _____________________________________________________________ as a talented actor. 她的表演非常出色，作为一个天才演员名副其实。 用法归纳 have a reputation for 以……著称；有……的名声 enjoy/earn/win/gain/establish/build a reputation 享有/赢得/确立/树立声誉 damage/ruin one’s reputation 损害/毁坏某人的名声 live up to one’s reputation 名副其实 The TV I bought the other day from your company turned out to be a fake, which ruined your good reputation.(投诉信) 前几天我从贵公司买的电视原来是假货，这毁了你们的好名声。 经典句式： 句型公式：by the time引导时间状语从句 【教材原句】　Then the sun came out，and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks. 接着太阳出来了，等到我坐下来吃早餐时，太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目，给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I _____________ (finish)reading his third book by the time the new school year began. ②With any luck, we _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ by the end of the day. 运气好的话，我们会在一天结束前完成。 用法归纳 (1)by the time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时候为止”。 ·by the time＋从句(一般过去时)，主句时态为过去完成时。 ·by the time＋从句(一般现在时)，主句时态为一般将来时或将来完成时。 (2)by the end of的用法： ·by the end of＋过去时间，句子时态为过去完成时。 ·by the end of＋将来时间，句子时态为将来完成时。 Most of us had been in tears by the time he finished his story.(情绪描写) 他讲完故事时，我们大多数人都已经泪流满面。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①These sunglasses are designed to reduce glare.____________ ②A wave of tiredness swept over her.____________ 2.选出launch的汉语意思 A.v.推出，发布(新产品)　B.v.发射 C.v.发起，发动 ①We will launch the moon rocket next week.______ ②A traditional Chinese culture week campaign was launched last week in our school to enhance students’ confidence in our national culture.______ ③If a company launches a new product，it makes it available to the public.______ 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of ____________ (elegant).(2022·全国甲卷) 2.The more regularly they can be ____________ (inspect)，the more railway safety，reliability and on－time performance will be improved.(2022·全国乙卷) 3.Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney ____________ (sweep) aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings.(2022·全国甲卷) 4.Over the last seven years, most states __________________ (ban) texting by drivers.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) 5.The summer breeze ____________ (gentle) moved through the leaves with a sighing sound. 6.The moon was held up above the sky, shining her smooth and ____________ (charm) moonlight. 7.By the time this letter reaches you，I ______________ (leave) the country. 8.It was too cold outside and the girl stood in front of the cottage，__________ (tremble) with cold. 9.Though I preferred cycling to the company, he insisted on ____________ (drive) me there. 10.The school has a reputation ____________ high standards of discipline. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——介绍科学家Rachel Carson) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①Rachel Carson在1962年出版了她的书《寂静的春天》。 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ②她的目的是提醒人们注意人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响。(alert) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ③她的书产生了如此直接和深远的影响，以至于DDT被禁止使用。(ban) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ④她的书很快成为一些农药行业批评者的目标，他们试图损害Carson的声誉。(become a target for, reputation) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ⑤Carson决心坚持自己的研究，捍卫自己的主张。(stand by) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ⑥即使到今天，她的书仍然值得重读。(deserve) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 练二　续写增分技巧20——描写“吃惊与震惊” 1.Hearing the bad news，Mary froze with shock，as if rooted on the ground. 得知这个坏消息，玛丽僵住了，动弹不得。 2.When Anne placed her favorite toy in the box，a spark of surprise flashed across her brother’s face.He stared at her with wide eyes. 当安妮把她最喜欢的玩具放进盒子里时，她哥哥脸上闪过一丝惊奇。他瞪大眼睛盯着她。 3.Confused and astonished，he gaped at the wall. 他既困惑又惊讶，张口结舌地看着墙。 4.She was amazed/surprised/astonished that all the children were willing to donate something. 令她感到惊讶的是，所有的孩子都愿意捐赠一些东西。 5.He got surprised，with his eyes wide open. 他吃惊地睁大了眼睛。 [小试身手] After removing his coat，the boy bent down to give Poppy a big hug.①_____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________.“Oh，my gosh， who is this？” he exclaimed.②_______________________________________ _____________________________________________.“That’s Pee－wee！” What really concerned him was how upset she was when he was at university.Now，observing the two lovely dogs roaring around the house in a happy game of chase，③_____________________________________________________________. 男孩脱下外套后，弯腰给了波比一个大大的拥抱。但有一只金色的小狗也冲过来舔他的脸，他的脸上闪过一丝惊讶。“哦，天哪，这是谁？”他叫道。看到他脸上震惊的表情，他的父母笑了。“这是皮维！”真正让他担心的是他上大学时她有多难过。现在，男孩看着两只可爱的狗在房子周围快乐地追逐玩耍，激动得说不出话来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修第三册　Unit 1　Face Values 热考词汇： 1.pretend v.假装，装作 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①The boy pretended to be concentrating (concentrate) on his lesson，but in fact his mind was wandering. ②The boy pretended to have fallen (fall) asleep when his father came back. ③She opened a book, and pretended to read, with tears dropping on the open page.(动作描写) →She opened a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.(分词短语作状语) 用法归纳 pretend to be＋n./adj. 假装是…… pretend to do sth 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装已做过某事 pretend (that)... 假装…… Honestly, I felt a huge sense of loss at that time.Yet I managed to force a weak smile and pretended to appreciate it.(情绪描写) 说实话，当时我有一种巨大的失落感。但我还是勉强地笑了笑，假装很欣赏。2.bother v.(使)苦恼；费心，麻烦；打扰，烦扰 n.麻烦；困难 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Don’t bother to look/looking (look) for my umbrella; it will turn up some day. ②I don’t want to bother her with/about my problems at the moment. ③It bothered me that we couldn’t find our way back but my father told me not to lose heart.(心理描写) 让我烦恼的是，我们找不到回去的路了，但父亲告诉我不要失去信心。 用法归纳 bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事 bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某 人；使某人为某事烦恼 bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事 It bothers sb that/to do... 使某人苦恼的是……/ 做……使某人苦恼 佳句背诵　I used to bother you to do many things for me，but you were never impatient with me.(感谢信)　我过去总是麻烦您为我做很多事情，但您从来没有对我不耐烦。 3.acknowledge v.承认(某事属实或某情况存在) (admit)；认可；告知收到；感谢，致谢→acknowledgement n.承认；感谢；收件复函；致谢 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Lu Xun，acknowledged as one of the greatest modern writers in China，was born in Shaoxing，Zhejiang Province. ②It is widely acknowledged that people cannot succeed or achieve their targets without a strong will and persistence. 人们普遍认为，没有坚强的意志和毅力，人们就无法成功或实现目标。 ③Tom acknowledged being defeated in the competition, which made us quite depressed. 汤姆承认在比赛中失败了，这使我们很沮丧。 用法归纳 acknowledge sb/sth to be/as... 认为或承认某人/某物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做过某事 It is universally/widely acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的。 Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.(短文投稿，2023·全国甲卷) 在公认的中国历史人物中，我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。 4.make efforts/an/every effort to do sth努力做某事 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She wrapped a handkerchief around her bleeding palm in an effort to protect it. ②Eager and excited, she waved her yellow blouse and spared no effort(s) to yell so as to attract others’ attention.(情绪描写＋动作描写) 她又急又兴奋，挥舞着自己的黄色上衣，不遗余力地大叫，以吸引别人的注意。 用法归纳 in an effort to do sth 为了做某事 spare no effort(s) to do sth 不遗余力地做某事 with (an) effort 努力地，费力地 without effort 毫不费力地 If I am lucky enough to be elected，I will make efforts/every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our club.(申请信) 如果我有幸当选，我将尽最大努力为同学们和我们俱乐部的利益服务。 5.out of mercy出于怜悯 以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Some illegal hunters shot wild animals without mercy so they were arrested. ②如果我们对自己的缺点视而不见，我们对别人就不会仁慈。(主旨升华) →If we are blind to our own faults，we will not be merciful to others.(merciful) →If we are blind to our own faults，we will not have mercy on/show mercy to others.(mercy) 用法归纳 ·mercy n. 仁慈，宽恕；恩惠 show mercy to 对……怜悯/宽恕 have mercy on/upon 对……怜悯/宽恕 without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情地 at the mercy of... 任由……摆布 ·merciful adj. 仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 At the mercy of the strong wind，the little trees on the top of the mountain couldn’t stand up straight.(环境描写) 在强风的摆布下，山顶上的小树都站不直了。 经典句式： 句型公式：as引导状语从句 【教材原句】　As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It’s a pretty person’s world”. 正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样，“这是一个看脸的世界”。 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①For in－person humor，quality isn’t as important as you might think.Your attitude and effort count a lot. ②Tired and exhausted as they were，they managed to make it to the finish point. 尽管他们劳累而疲惫，但他们还是设法到达了终点。 ③随着科技和互联网的进步，几乎每个人都能使用手机。 →With technology and the Internet advancing，cell phones can be accessible to almost everyone.(with复合结构) →As technology and the Internet are advancing，cell phones can be accessible to almost everyone.(as引导状语从句) 用法归纳 as作连词，有以下用法： ·“按照……的方式(方法)”，引导方式状语从句。 ·“当……时候；一边……一边……”，引导时间状语从句。 ·“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。 ·“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 ·引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。 [点拨]　当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。 The twins cheered up and did as they were told.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 双胞胎高兴起来，照吩咐做了。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①We crossed big rivers and vast plains, climbed high mountains, and overlooked deep valleys.v.俯视 ②She asked for the woman’s name and address so that she could repay the money that the woman lent her.(2021·浙江6月卷改编)v.偿还 2.选出acknowledge的汉语意思 A.v.认可　B.v.感谢　C.v.承认 ①Acknowledge that you hurt her，and then apologize.C ②Harry was acknowledged to be the cleverest boy in the class.A ③I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses.B 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.He spared no effort to carry (carry) out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous.(2023·全国甲卷) 2.That includes huge savings (save) in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.(2022·全国乙卷) 3.To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions (express).(2021·浙江6月卷) 4.Lincolns enlarged (large)the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.(2021·浙江6月卷) 5.It upset him that nobody had bothered (bother) to tell him about it. 6.To tell the truth，I think his behaviour is completely beyond comprehension (comprehend). 7.Once, after a particularly long swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming gracefully (graceful) in the pool. 8.Assuming (assume)that I am chosen to be a volunteer at Paris Olympic Games, I will serve the people heart and soul. 9.Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel，Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties. 10.Next time you are cornered by such a dog, pretend to pick (pick) up a stone.It will be frightened away. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(议论文——如何看待美) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①人们普遍认为美在我们的生活中起着重要的作用。(acknowledge) It is widely/universally acknowledged that beauty plays an important part in our life. ②许多女孩认为外表不能被忽视。(assume, overlook) Many girls assume that external appearance can’t be overlooked. ③为了追求理想的身材，她们试图尝试她们知道的每一种方法，这使她们很烦恼。(attempt to, bother) To pursue their ideal figures, they attempt to try every method they know, which bothers them very much. ④一些女孩甚至用自己的积蓄购买减肥药片来减肥。(saving, pill) Some girls even spend their savings buying weight－loss pills to become slim. ⑤在我看来，内在美是最重要的，也是增强我们自信的最好方法。(boost one’s confidence) As far as I am concerned, inner beauty is the most important and the best way to boost our confidence. ⑥真正重要的不是从头到脚打扮，而是用知识和全面的能力武装自己。(from head to toe) What really matters is not to dress up from head to toe but to equip ourselves with knowledge and all－around abilities. 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 【参考范文】　 It is widely/universally acknowledged that beauty plays an important part in our life.Therefore, many girls assume that external appearance can’t be overlooked.To pursue their ideal figures, they attempt to try every method they know, which, however, bothers them very much.Some girls even spend their savings buying weight－loss pills to become slim.As far as I am concerned, inner beauty is the most important and the best way to boost our confidence. After all, what really matters is not to dress up from head to toe but to equip ourselves with knowledge and all－around abilities. 练二　续写增分技巧15——描写“宽慰与温暖” 1.Alice felt relieved to see a car approaching. 看到一辆车靠近，爱丽丝松了一口气。 2.A mixture of warmth and relief flooded over her. 一种温暖和解脱交织的感觉涌上她的心头。 3.Tears of appreciation welled up in her eyes as she thanked the stranger for his help，but he just smiled warmly. 她感谢陌生人的帮助时，感激的泪水涌上了她的眼睛，但他只是暖暖地一笑。 4.Reaching the tall building where her office was，Alice breathed a sigh of relief. 爱丽丝到了她办公室所在的大楼，如释重负地松了口气。 5.She felt warm in the cold day，and believed there was kindness in every corner. 她在寒冷的天气里感到了温暖，相信处处都有善良。 [小试身手] Despite the cheering of my classmates，I was almost the last to cross the finish line.①In relief，I was so tired that I knelt down on the track.②My sweat streamed down my face.Immediately，my classmates rushed to me，③held my arms，and urged me to rise to my feet.I was surrounded，with towels and all kinds of drinks handed to me.④I felt a kind of warmth.That sports meet is an unforgettable experience，which gives us a lot of confidence，both in my fellow students and in my own potential. 尽管同学们都在欢呼，但我几乎是最后一个冲过终点线的。如释重负，我累得跪在跑道上。我的汗水从脸上流下来。同学们立刻向我冲过来，抓住我的胳膊，敦促我站起来。我被围了起来，毛巾和各种各样的饮料递给我。我感到一种温暖。那次运动会是一次难忘的经历，它给了我们很多信心，无论是对我的同学还是对我自己的潜力。 选择性必修第三册　Unit 2　A life’s work 热考词汇： 1.fascination n.着迷，迷恋；魅力，极大的；吸引力→fascinate v.使着迷→fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinated adj.着迷的，被深深吸引的 以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①My hometown is a beautiful village, where you can feast your eyes on its fascinating (fascinate) scenery. ②既然你对鲜花如此着迷，我强烈建议你去城东公园参观一下。 →Since you are so fascinated by flowers, I strongly recommend you to pay a visit to the Chengdong Park.(fascinate) →Since you have a fascination for/with flowers, I strongly recommend you to pay a visit to the Chengdong Park.(fascination) 用法归纳 ·in fascination 入迷地；着迷地 have a fascination for/with sb/sth 对某人/物着迷 hold a fascination for sb 对某人有吸引力 ·be fascinated by 对……入迷的；对…… 极感兴趣的 I looked out of the window, winding rivers, lofty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys holding me entirely in their fascination.(环境描写) 我望向窗外，蜿蜒的河流、高耸的山脉、阳光明媚的海滩和深深的山谷，让我完全沉浸在它们的魅力之中。 2.fashion n.时尚→fashionable adj.流行的；时尚的 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Students who are in favor of it are in the majority.35 percent of them hold the view that Internet slang is vivid and fashionable (fashion). ②Long skirts have come into fashion again.Faded jeans are still in fashion，too. 长裙子又流行起来，褪色牛仔裤还很时髦。 用法归纳 in fashion 流行的 out of fashion 过时的 come into fashion 开始流行 As new words come into fashion, some old ones are disappearing.(语言学习) 随着新词的流行，一些老词正在消失。 3.ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有抱负的，有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n.追求，夙愿；志向，抱负，雄心 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is obvious that the combination of ambition (ambitious) and faith serves as another source of beauty. ②What bothered her was that she never achieved her ambition of becoming/to become a famous writer. 让她苦恼的是她一直未能实现成为著名作家的夙愿。 用法归纳 ·be ambitious for 渴望得到……； 对……抱有期望 be ambitious to do sth 一心想做某事 ·ambition to do/of doing sth 做某事的雄心 achieve one’s ambition 实现某人的抱负 Every parent is very ambitious for their children.　每个父母都望子成龙心切。 4.by trial and error反复试验(以得出最佳结果)；经过不断摸索 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①These pilots must now face the consequences of their actions and be brought to trial. ②You can have the equipment on trial, and if you don’t like it you can give it back. 你可以试用这个设备，如果你不喜欢它，你可以把它退回去。 用法归纳 trial n. 试验，试用；审讯，审理，审判 on trial 在试用中；在受审 bring sb to trial 将某人送交法院审理 Failure is the mother of success, which means progress will be made only by trial and error.(主旨升华)　失败是成功之母，这意味着只有通过不断摸索才能取得进步。 经典句式： 句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句 【教材原句】　If it hadn’t been for a three－episode documentary，outsiders would never have known that the plainly－dressed people working here are masters of their craft，who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques. 若不是一部三集的纪录片，外面的人永远也不会知道在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师，他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If it were (be) not for the atmosphere，the earth would be either very hot or very cold. ②If it hadn’t been for your help，I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 如果不是你的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。 用法归纳 if引导虚拟条件句时，需注意主从句谓语动词的不同形式。 ·表示与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)，主句的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。 ·表示与将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或“were to/should＋动词原形”，主句的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。 ·表示与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词为“had＋过去分词”，主句的谓语动词为“would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词”。 If I were a dustman，I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.(演讲稿) 如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①The statement was carefully polished and checked before release.v.修改，润色 ②It’s one of the biggest buildings in this area, and it really dominates this whole place.v.俯视，高耸于 2.选出pose的汉语意思 A.v.构成，造成　B.v.(使)摆好姿势 C.v.提问；质询　D.v.佯装，冒充 ①Before going into their meeting, the six foreign ministers posed for photographs.B ②And the story poses an interesting question：why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before? C ③The police warned that kidnappers might pose as nurses in hospitals.D ④The drought also posed a threat to the growth of crops and agricultural production.A 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious (ambition) sportsmen.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.Fascinated (fascinate)by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy.(2021·天津3月卷) 3.How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now？(天津7月卷) 4.The novelist reads all kinds of books，ranging (range) from poetry to science fiction. 5.The first task following the disaster was the restoration (restore) of clean water supplies. 6.There is great public concern about some of the chemicals used in food preservation (preserve). 7.The most important tradition associated with Laba Festival is eating Laba porridge. 8.Famous people don’t have much free time because their time is taken up by their work. 9.I hope you spend some time learning that these ideas are worth spreading, and then pass on them to other people who can make a difference. 10.If I were (be) you，I would recite some Tang poems. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——介绍著名摄影师Bill Cunningham) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①当我们在街上看到比尔·坎宁安时，我们中的大多数人都认为他没有什么了不起的地方。(状语从句的省略) When seeing Bill Cunningham in the street, most of us never thought there was anything remarkable about him. ②事实上，很多名人仅仅想对他摆姿势，请他拍照。(celebrity, nothing more than, pose) In fact, a large number of celebrities wanted nothing more than to pose for him. ③比尔·坎宁安之所以伟大，是因为他对摄影的痴迷和奉献，以及他在工作中投入的时间和精力。(主语从句，fascination) What made Bill Cunningham great was his fascination and devotion to photography, and the time and effort he put into his work. ④虽然有名，他的生活方式却并不复杂。(approach to, uncomplicated) Although famous, his approach to life was uncomplicated. ⑤他的辛勤工作使他不仅仅是一名时尚摄影师，他还是一名“文化人类学家”。(more than, fashion, anthropologist) His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer—he was a “cultural anthropologist”. 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 【参考范文】　 When seeing Bill Cunningham in the street, most of us never thought there was anything remarkable about him.But in fact, a large number of celebrities wanted nothing more than to pose for him.Besides, what made Bill Cunningham great was his fascination and devotion to photography, and the time and effort he put into his work.Although famous, his approach to life was uncomplicated.His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer—he was a “cultural anthropologist”. 练二　续写增分技巧16——描写“感激与感动” 1.Touched/Moved deeply，the crowd clapped their hands even more loudly. 人群被深深地感动了，于是更大声地鼓掌。 2.It was very moving/touching to see how much strangers could care for each other. 看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。 3.Knowing what had happened，his mother shed tears of joy and gratitude. 了解事情的经过后，他的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。 4.With tears of gratitude rolling down his cheeks，Peter said thankfully，“You’ve saved me today.I couldn’t thank you enough.” 感激的泪水顺着彼得的脸颊流下，他感激地说：“今天你救了我。我对你感激不尽。” 5.He smiled with gratitude as he accepted the flowers given by a small boy. 当他接过一个小男孩给的鲜花时，他感激地微笑起来。 [小试身手] A poorly－dressed man marched toward me，took some change out of his pocket and put it in the donation box.①I couldn’t help but say，“Thank you，sir.” He turned to smile.The money he donated was not a lot，but it was clearly a lot to him.I continued to sing merrily.As more people gathered round and clapped，②I felt a wave of gratitude welling up inside me and my worry gradually faded.It was still chilly but ③I was bathed in the sunshine of kindness. 一个衣衫褴褛的人向我走来，从口袋里掏出一些零钱，放入捐款箱。我忍不住说：“谢谢您，先生。”他转身微笑。他捐的钱不多，但对他来说显然很多。我继续愉快地唱歌。随着越来越多的人围过来鼓掌，我感到一股感激之情涌上心头，我的担忧也渐渐消失了。天气仍然很冷，但我沐浴在善行的阳光中。 选择性必修第三册Unit 3　War and peace 热考词汇： 1.horror n.惊恐；令人惊恐的事；恐怖(fright)，恐惧→horrible adj.可怕的→horrify v.惊吓；使厌恶；恐吓 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My brain is blank.I just want to leave this horrible (horror) place. ②His son ran to look at the seedlings.To his horror (令他恐惧的是), all of them had dried up and died. ③Shocked by my mean words, Karina stared at me in horror (惊恐地盯着我) and failed to say a word. 用法归纳 in horror 惊恐地 to one’s horror 令某人感到恐惧的是 Jane felt a great sense of horror welling up in her heart and surging through her.(心理描写) 简感到一股强烈的恐惧在她心中升腾、奔涌。 2.condemn v.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地；谴责；宣判 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He seemed to be so sorry and condemned for his wasting of water. ②If you don’t work hard，you are condemned to live (live) from hand to mouth. ③Their lack of qualifications condemned them to a lifetime of boring，usually poorly－paid work. 由于缺乏资格，他们不得不终身从事枯燥的、通常报酬很低的工作。 用法归纳 condemn sb for (doing) sth 因为(做)某事而谴责某人 condemn sb to (do) sth 迫使某人处于不幸的境地；迫使某人做不愿做的事 be condemned to sth 使某人被迫接受困境 be condemned to do sth 注定做某事；被迫做某事 be condemned to death 被判处死刑 His occupation condemned him to spend long periods of time away from his family. 他的职业迫使他长时间地离开家人。 3.sum n.金额，款项；总数，总和 v.总结，概括 以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①Let me sum up last lesson; after that we take up a new lesson. ②In conclusion, let’s take action from this very moment to grow up healthy and sound. →In sum/To sum up, let’s take action from this very moment to grow up healthy and sound. 用法归纳 ·a large sum of 大量的 ·sum up 总结；概括 in sum＝to sum up 总而言之 It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve.(建议信) 重要的是要记住，成功是每天付出的小小努力的总和，往往需要多年才能实现。 4.hold down保住；压(制)住；限制 以练促学　完成语段 Having been held up by the traffic congestion for one hour，he couldn’t hold back his anger any longer and gave up the job interview that day，which caused him to lose the opportunity.So remember when problems arise，be patient.Don’t leave things half done.Hold on to your aim and you will make it. 被交通阻塞耽搁了一个小时，他再也无法抑制愤怒并放弃了当天的面试，结果导致他失去了机会。所以记住，当问题发生时，要有耐心，不要半途而废。坚持你的目标，你就会成功。 用法归纳 hold back 阻挡；抵制；克制；控制；退缩 hold out (食物等)维持；伸出；坚持抵抗；坚决顶住 hold up 举起；支撑；耽搁；抢劫 hold on to 抓住；坚持(信仰、信念、原则等)，不放弃 He took a dictionary to hold down the test papers for fear that they might be blown away by the wind. 他拿了本词典压住试卷，以防被风吹走。 5.free...from...把……从……中释放出来，使……摆脱…… 以练促学　完成句子/一句多译 ①It was several weeks before you were completely free of/from pain. 过了几星期你的疼痛才完全消除。 ②此外，还免费提供专业教师的在线指导，使您能够及时解决问题。 →Additionally, on－line guidance from professional teachers is also provided free of charge, enabling you to solve the problems in time. →Additionally, on－line guidance from professional teachers is also provided for free, enabling you to solve the problems in time. 用法归纳 for free 免费，无偿地 free of charge 免费 (be) free of/from... 不受……的影响；免于 At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me, so I hoped I could be free from them. 有一段时间，我甚至觉得我的父母不能理解我，所以我希望我能摆脱他们。 经典句式： 句型公式：not only...but (also)... 【教材原句】　...the nation’s intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. ……国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents are (be) fond of watching football matches. ②Not only you but also he is (be) tired of having one examination after another. ③The activity not only provided a chance for us to exercise，but also made us more cohesive.(新高考Ⅰ卷) →Not only did the activity provide a chance for us to exercise，but it also made us more cohesive.(倒装句) 用法归纳 ·not only A but also B＝B as well as A ·not only...but also...连接两个分句时，若not only位于句首，其所在的分句要用部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。 ·not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词的选择要遵循“就近一致”原则。 ·not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用，also也可省略。 [点拨]　(1)not only...but (also)...通常可以连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等。 (2)如果 not only...but (also)...连接两个并列主语时，不能使用倒装。 Reciting poems not only enriches my knowledge，but also makes my job less boring. 背诵诗歌不仅丰富了我的知识，也使我的工作不那么无聊。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①There is anxiety about the rising tide of crime.n.趋势，潮流 ②Clapping drowned the speaker’s words for a moment.v.盖过，淹没(声音) ③It’s hard to give an objective opinion about your own children.adj.客观的 2.选出rough的汉语意思 A.adj.艰难的　B.adj.崎岖不平的 C.adj.大概的，粗略的　D.adj.粗糙的 E.adj.汹涌的；风浪大的 ①The skin on her hands was hard and rough.D ②They journeyed for several weeks over rough roads.B ③We were only able to make a rough estimate of how much fuel would be required.C ④The sea was rough and dangerous，and the ship went up and down.E ⑤Friends are the best to turn to when you’re having a rough day.A 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.The image of the horse emerged (emerge) in my mind，encouraging me to continue writing.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.A person is thought to develop a habit in the course of pursuing goals by beginning to associate certain cues(刺激) with behavioural responses that help meet the goal.(2023·北京卷) 3.One girl recalled celebrating (celebrate) Halloween with her brothers and sisters，and thanked us for “bringing her home”.(2021·浙江1月卷) 4.As is known to us, nothing can be achieved without dedication (dedicate) and frustration. 5.In the opera，the violence (violent) of the heroine’s feelings impressed the audience deeply. 6.The library houses lots of unpublished documents that are relevant to your topic. 7.It is suggested that we should hold down prices until the new year for the sake of the stability of society. 8.They selected me as the representative (represent) of our school to deliver a report about the result of our analysis. 9.Bike sharing is a fun，easy，environmentally friendly way to explore (explore) a new place. 10.The thought had barely (bare) come to me when it was gone again. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(人物介绍——我的爷爷) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①我祖父是一位杰出的部队指挥官。(outstanding, commander, troop) My grandfather was an outstanding commander of a troop. ②他在与敌人的激烈战斗中牺牲了。(violent) He lost his life in the violent fighting against the enemy. ③在战斗中，他们的目标是解放这座城市。(objective, liberate) In the battle，their objective was to liberate the city. ④今天是清明节，我和家人神情肃穆地参加了祭奠仪式。(定语从句，memorial, solemn) Today was Tomb－Sweeping Day when my family and I attended the memorial ceremony with solemn looks. ⑤父亲噙着泪水回忆起和祖父一起度过的快乐时光。(recall，with复合结构) My father recalled the happy time spent with my grandfather with tears in his eyes. 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 【参考范文】　 My grandfather was an outstanding commander of a troop.But he lost his life in the violent fighting against the enemy.In the battle，their objective was to liberate the city.Today was Tomb－Sweeping Day when my family and I attended the memorial ceremony with solemn looks.My father recalled the happy time spent with my grandfather with tears in his eyes. 练二　续写增分技巧17——描写“惊恐与害怕” 1.Her heart was racing with fear. 她的心因恐惧而狂跳。 2.A wave of fear welled up in/swept over her.Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak. 一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。她喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。 3.Fear flooded over her，making her shaking all. 恐惧涌上心头，使她浑身发抖。 4.You cannot imagine how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear. 你无法想象北极熊向我们逼近时我们是多么的恐惧。 5.Extremely terrified，I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating. 极度惊恐之下，我觉得我双腿发抖，手心冒汗。 [小试身手] It was a wolf！①She was frightened beyond description.She froze.It then advanced.②She struggled to run，screaming and begging, “Get away！” Thankfully，a passing car stopped and the driver pushed the door open.She dashed in just in time，gasping for breath.③Her heart pounded with a million frightened thoughts coming through her brain. Referring to the wolf，she couldn’t stop saying to the driver，“Thank you.” Tears of appreciation rolled down her face. 一只狼！她吓得无法形容。她呆住了。狼逼近了。她挣扎着跑开，尖叫着哀求：“滚开！”谢天谢地，一辆路过的汽车停了下来，司机推开车门。她最终气喘吁吁地冲上了车。她的心怦怦直跳，无数个惊恐的念头涌入脑海。说到狼，她不停地对司机说：“谢谢你。”感激的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。 选择性必修第三册Unit 4A glimpse of the future 热考词汇： 1.bound adj.可能的；一定会；有义务的；准备前往(某地) 以练促学　单句语法填空/词汇升级 ①I would be very thankful if you could reserve a ticket for the train bound for Wuhan tomorrow morning. ②For any question, please e－mail Li Hua at 12369@qq.com.You are sure to benefit a lot from it. →For any question, please e－mail Li Hua at 12369@qq.com.You are bound to benefit a lot from it. 用法归纳 be bound to do sth 肯定会做某事，很可能 做某事；有义务做某事 be bound for... 准备前往某地 I am writing to inform you of the Chinese Culture Festival bound to be held in Quanzhou next month.(邀请信) 我写信是想通知你中国文化节将于下个月在泉州举行。 2.demand n.需要，需求；要求 v.强烈要求；需要(request)→demanding adj.要求高的；费力的；苛求的 以练促学　单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①Like running，race walking is physically demanding (demand)，she says.(全国Ⅰ卷) ②Apparently，science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China. ③The manager asked the workers to work extra hours to finish the task ahead of time. →The manager demanded that the workers (should) work extra hours to complete the task ahead of schedule.(demand) 用法归纳 ·be in (great) demand (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one’s demand(s) for... 满足某人对……的需求 ·demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that...(should) do sth要求……做某事 She opened the door for me and threw herself in my arms, screaming joyously and demanding desirably for her Christmas gift.(动作描写) 她为我打开门，扑进我的怀里，高兴地尖叫着，急切地要求给她圣诞礼物。 3.desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的(hopeless)；极想，渴望→desperately adv.极其，非常；绝望地，不顾一切地，拼命地→desperation n.绝望 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ① A noise at a window caught my attention，so I entered it.It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟)，desperately (desperate) trying to escape.(2023·浙江1月卷) ②My hand was on the edge of the table and I cast my eyes downward in desperation (desperate). ③I wanted to know what they were going through and I was desperate to know (非常想知道) what I could do for them.(心理描写，2022·浙江6月卷) 用法归纳 ·be desperate for... 渴望得到…… be desperate to do sth 很想做某事 ·in desperation 绝望 The girl was so desperate for warmth that she struck the matches.(心理描写＋动作描写) 女孩非常渴望温暖，于是划着了火柴。 4.hang out闲逛，逗留，常去某处 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①However，when she hung up，she regretted the way she had handled the call. ②It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. ③There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer. 屋顶上还有一个区域，在夏天可以与其他游客去那里玩乐。 用法归纳 hang up 悬挂；挂断电话 hang on 抓紧，稍等；(在逆境中)坚持，不放弃 hang around (在某处)等待；经常和……在一起 hang on to 抓紧某物；保留；不卖掉；不放弃 I smiled at Karina, and invited her to hang out, after which our laughter soon lingered in the beautiful land again.(动作描写) 我对卡瑞娜微笑，邀请她一起出去玩，之后我们的笑声很快又在这片美丽的土地上徘徊。 经典句式： 句型公式：though引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】　Jimmy，expert though he was，couldn’t outrace Robutt，who didn’t need a spacesuit，and had four legs and tendons of steel. 吉米虽然是个能手，却无法超越罗布，因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱，还不用穿太空服。 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Child as/though he was，he had the capacity to tell what was the right thing to do. ②On the way，although/though some students fell behind，they kept running to the finish line. ③Although she was tired and exhausted，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse. →Tired and exhausted as/though she was，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse.(倒装) 用法归纳 (1)though引导的让步状语从句可倒装可不倒装。 (2)as引导让步状语从句时，从句需倒装。其结构为： ·单数可数名词(无冠词)/形容词＋as＋主语＋be＋其他成分； ·动词原形＋as＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分； ·副词＋as＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分。 [点拨]　although引导的从句不能倒装；它们可以与yet，still连用，不能与but连用。 Daunting as/though the challenge was, I managed to slide myself onto a cross－country ski path and waited for another hour before the mountain rescue team came. 尽管挑战很艰巨，我还是设法滑上了一条越野滑雪道，又等了一个小时，山地救援队才来。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①But it was time to take the leap，however heartbreaking it would be.(2023·全国乙卷)n.飞跃，跳跃 ②She wants to travel to broaden her horizons.n.眼界 2.选出go through的汉语意思 A.经历　B.通过　C.检查　D.用完 ①He went through all kinds of hardships in the old society.A ②Our plan about how to spend our summer holidays didn’t go through.B ③It didn’t take Albert very long to go through his money.D ④She went through the company’s accounts，looking for the evidence of fraud(欺诈).C 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.They could not afford to pay for transportation for their dog，Tiffy，and desperately (desperate) wanted to take her with them.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) 2.These days，safety regulations (regulate)—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities(容量) slightly lower.(2021·全国乙卷) 3.Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent (consist) basis.(新高考Ⅰ卷) 4.With your assistance (assist), I will make full preparations for the meeting. 5.Some enjoy stable but demanding (demand) jobs，such as lawyers，doctors and civil servants. 6.I hold the belief that the commander is bound to achieve (achieve) his dream sooner or later. 7.Many fashionable young people go there to shop or just hang out. 8.The people in that country banked on the joint efforts of everyone to fight against the invaders. 9.Discouraged though/as you are now，I hold the belief that if you wear a smile，the reward will be amazing. 10.I am capable of perfectly organizing the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this city. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——科学技术对人类的影响) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①科学技术给人类带来了巨大的利益。(humanity) Science and technology has brought humanity tremendous benefits. ②我们有时也会成为它发展的受害者，因为一些潜在的罪犯可能会利用它做一些不道德的事情。(victim, potential, immoral) We also become the victims of its development sometimes, as some potential criminals may use it to do something immoral. ③我们急需一些解决问题的办法。(desperate) We are in desperate need of some ways to solve the problems. ④我们需要一些规则来规范我们的行为，通过这些规则可以避免一些非法行为。(regulate, illegal) Some rules are needed to regulate our actions，through which some illegal actions can be avoided. 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 【参考范文】　 On the one hand, science and technology has brought humanity tremendous benefits.But on the other hand, we also become the victims of its development sometimes, as some potential criminals may use it to do something immoral.So we are in desperate need of some ways to solve the problems.Some rules are needed to regulate our actions，through which some illegal actions can be avoided. 练二　续写增分技巧18——描写“沮丧与孤独” 1.An air of sorrow and loneliness settled over her. 悲伤和孤独的气氛笼罩着她。 2.She locked herself in her room，abandoning herself to great sadness. 她把自己锁在房间里，沉浸在巨大的悲痛之中。 3.Feeling left out，Jane was getting desperate with loneliness. 简感到被冷落，孤独使她感到绝望。 4.She wept quietly，feeling it was the saddest moment for her young life. 她静静地落泪，感觉这是她年轻的生命中最悲伤的时刻。 5.She felt so depressed that she found herself crying unconsciously，unable to hold back her tears. 她感到如此沮丧，发现自己不知不觉哭了，眼泪止不住。 [小试身手] As I recalled my new surroundings，①I felt so depressed.My mother grasped my hand，comforting me，“Try everything three times，and everything will change for the better.” From then on，②whenever encountering something outside my comfort zone，I repeated to myself that I should try everything three times，and ③it motivated me to move ahead.From behaving well to speaking up with confidence，all my fears had given way to one simple idea：Try everything three times. 当我回忆起我的新环境时，我沮丧不已。妈妈抓住我的手，安慰我说：“凡事试三次，一切都会好起来的。”从那时起，每当我遇到自己舒适区以外的事情时，我都会不断对自己说，凡事试三次，这激励着我前行。从表现良好到自信演讲，我所有的恐惧都变为一个简单的想法：凡事试三次。 选择性必修第三册Unit 5Learning from nature 热考词汇： 1.employ v.使用，运用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)；从事，忙于→employer n.雇用者，雇主→ employee n.雇员→employment n.雇用，就业→unemployment n.失业 以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter in the central district of the city. ②We have been employed to look (look) at ways of reducing waste and we have made great progress. ③He was employed in reading a work of fiction and he didn’t see his niece come in.(动作描写) →Employed in reading a work of fiction，he didn’t see his niece come in.(过去分词短语作状语) →Employing himself in reading a work of fiction，he didn’t see his niece come in.(现在分词短语作状语) 用法归纳 ·employ sb as... 雇用某人担任…… employ sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in (doing) sth＝be employed in (doing) sth 忙于(做)某事 ·out of employment 失业 Overwhelmed with excitement, David and I had fun camping while mom was employed in chatting happily with the family that also camped there.(情绪描写) 我和大卫兴奋不已，在露营时玩得很开心，而妈妈也和在那里露营的家人开心地聊天。 2.withdraw v.退出；撤离；提取(存款)；收回，撤销→withdrawal n.撤走；收回，取回；提款，取款；退出 以练促学　猜测词义/单句语法填空/完成句子 ①After withdrawing the money, he went straight to the local Wal－Mart.v.提取(存款) ②The commander ordered an immediate withdrawal (withdraw) of the troops from this area. ③She had to withdraw from the competition because of her leg injury. 她因腿伤不得不退出比赛。 用法归纳 withdraw from 从……撤出/退出 withdraw...from... 从……提取/撤回……； 使……退出…… The wolf might feel the threats from the people, starting to withdraw. 这匹狼可能感觉到了来自人们的威胁，开始撤退。 3.resign v.使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于；辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)→resignation n.辞职；辞呈 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Ten years ago, he resigned from a company in Beijing and went to Shenzhen to do temporary work. ②In order to look after her sick mother, my friend decided to resign as manager. ③Her husband died in an accident, she had to resign herself to bringing up her children alone. 她丈夫在事故中去世了，她只好独自抚养她的孩子们。 用法归纳 resign from... 辞去……职务 resign as... 辞去当……的职务 resign oneself to (doing) sth 听任/顺从/只好接 受(做)某事 Although I was sweating all over and became very tired, I didn’t want to resign myself to giving up halfway. 虽然我浑身是汗并且很累，但我不想中途放弃。 4.ease n.舒适，悠闲 v.(使)宽慰；减轻，缓解 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①“Too slow, sister！” I heard my brother Sam yell as he jumped with ease. ②His mind was at ease knowing that his wife and children were safe and sound. ③Soon，his warm，bright smile put me at ease，and we spent the next two hours talking casually. 很快，他温暖、灿烂的笑容使我放松下来。在接下来的两个小时里，我们随意地聊着。 用法归纳 ·at ease with 不拘束，放松 with ease＝easily 轻易地 be/feel at ease 感到轻松 put sb at ease 使某人放松/舒适/自在 ·ease one’s mind 使某人宽慰 Playing basketball is a good way to ease our great study pressure and bring some pleasure at the same time.(建议信) 打篮球是一个能缓解我们巨大学习压力同时也能带来一些乐趣的好方法。5.convert...into...(使)……转变为…… 以练促学　猜测词义/单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I didn’t use to like opera but my husband has converted me.v.改变(观点、习惯等) ②The conversion (convert) of the old classroom into a new library has greatly improved the school. ③On arrival，I found that the building had been converted to/into a primary school. 到达时，我发现那栋楼已经改成了一所小学。 用法归纳 ·convert v. 使转变；使转换；改变(观点、 习惯等) convert...to... 把……转变为…… convert (...) from...to... (把……)从……转变为…… ·conversion n. 转变，转化 If people convert the wetlands to farmland，birds will not have enough space to live.(环境保护)　如果人们将湿地转化为农田，鸟类就没有足够的生存空间。 经典句式： 句型公式：while连接并列句 【教材原句】　While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to，Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.　陶渊明回归自然是对他所反对的生活方式的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人决定而改变自己的生活方式。 以练促学　完成句子 ①I had to take on the responsibility of cleaning the house and cooking meals while my mom was at work (我妈妈上班的时候). ②Max cried at this sight, throwing a fist in the air, while Lily screamed with excitement (莉莉兴奋地尖叫起来).(动作描写＋情绪描写) 用法归纳 ·while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示对比关系。 ·while引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间；当……的时候”。 ·while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”。 While travel can broaden your mind，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.(建议信) 尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多时间和金钱不是一个好主意。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem.v.运用，使用 ②A decent dressing at first meeting will get on one’s good side.adj.得体的 ③With that, I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital, doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort.v.减轻，缓解 2.选出withdraw的汉语意思 A.v.退出　B.v.撤销　C.v.提取　D.v.撤离 ①With no money left，I must withdraw some from the bank.C ②We withdrew to the garden for a private talk.D ③No, if we are going to withdraw from our planned marriage, it will be because of your wish, not mine.A ④He wanted to withdraw his name from the guest list.B 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.In more technical terms，the wisdom (wise) of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2.The times listed on the schedules are departure (depart) times，not arrival times.(2023·浙江1月卷) 3.When I was rejected (reject) from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult.(2023·北京卷) 4.Through the Internet，we can obtain a large quantity of learning materials with ease.(2021·全国乙卷) 5.“How much money have you earned？” Dad asked.I was surprised, reluctant to say (say) my income.(2021·浙江6月卷) 6.I felt bored.No energy, no motivation and zero fulfilment (fulfil).(2021·天津3月卷) 7.He has recently made a significant discovery—loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression (depress) and even crimes, but it can be prevented in a clever way.(天津7月卷) 8.She was forced to withdraw from the game because of a back injury. 9.Exciting artistic breakthroughs have recently occurred in the fields of painting，sculpture and architecture (architect). 10.Nobody knows why Jack resigned from office，for he did a good job in the company. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——介绍著名诗人陶渊明) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①陶渊明是一位著名的、有影响的诗人。 Tao Yuanming was a famous and influential poet. ②他不愿屈从于腐败的官场生活，退出了安逸而熟悉的生活，决定回归自然。(形容词短语作状语，reluctant, resign, withdraw) Reluctant to resign himself to the corrupt official life, he withdrew from his cozy and familiar life and decided to return to nature. ③陶成功地在乡村找到了满足感，在那里他感到放松。(fulfilment，rural, ease) Tao succeeded in finding fulfilment in a rural area, where he felt at ease. ④他笔下平静祥和的生活与压抑的官场生活形成鲜明对比。(in contrast, depressive) The calm and peaceful life he wrote about was in sharp contrast to the depressive official life. ⑤他在那里生活简单，却获得了个人的幸福和满足感。(attain, fulfilment) He lived simply there but attained personal well－being and fulfilment. 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 【参考范文】　 Tao Yuanming was a famous and influential poet.Reluctant to resign himself to the corrupt official life, he withdrew from his cozy and familiar life and decided to return to nature.As a result, Tao succeeded in finding fulfilment in a rural area, where he felt at ease.The calm and peaceful life he wrote about was in sharp contrast to the depressive official life.He lived simply there but attained personal well－being and fulfilment. 练二　续写增分技巧19——描写“担忧与绝望” 1.Tony stood there helplessly，frowning. 托尼无助地站在那里，皱着眉。 2.Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. 玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。 3.Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness，undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless and hopeless. 他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加无助和绝望。 4.Lost in the mountain，they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously.　他们在山里迷了路，做不了什么，只好焦急地等待救援。 5.As the evening wore on，they grew increasingly/more and more worried. 随着夜色渐深，他们越来越担忧。 [小试身手] It was foggy outside when he rode slowly home.Suddenly，without warning，his bike hit a rock， throwing him to the ground，face down.The fog around him grew thicker，①he collapsed and lay motionless for a while.It didn’t take him long to come to himself and realize his left ankle was swollen and ②his face was bleeding heavily.He panicked.③He was close to crying with anxiety and fear，and ④he had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously.Thankfully，an elderly man passing by grabbed him tightly by the arm and he was helped to his feet.Without any delay，he was sent to the hospital. 外面起了雾，他慢慢地骑车回家。突然，毫无征兆地，他的自行车撞到了一块石头，他脸朝下摔在了地上。他周围的雾越来越浓，他瘫倒在地，一动不动地躺了一会儿。没过多久他就清醒过来，意识到自己的左脚踝肿了，脸上血流不止。他惊慌失措。他既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。只好焦急地等待救援。幸运的是，一位路过的老人紧紧抓住他的胳膊，扶他站了起来。他立即被送往医院。 选择性必修第三册Unit 6Nature in words 热考词汇： 1.insist v.坚称，坚决认为；坚决要求→insistence n.坚持 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The police officer insisted that he had disobeyed (disobey) the traffic rules and (should) be fined (fine). ②David insisted on/upon running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. 大卫坚持跑步，尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了，好像他已经忘记了他所有的弱点。 用法归纳 insist on/upon (doing) sth　坚持(做)某事 insist (that)...坚决要求……/坚持认为…… [点拨]　insist作“坚持要求；坚持主张”讲时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即动词用“(should＋) do”；作“坚持说；坚持认为”解时，其后的从句用陈述语气。 Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, her eyes twinkling with excitement.(情绪描写) 妈妈坚决要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中闪着兴奋的光芒。 2.ban v.禁止，取缔 n.禁止，禁令 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The Chinese government has decided to ban smoking (smoke) in public places across the country. ②In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.(2023·全国乙卷) ③To create cleaner surroundings，we should put/place/impose a ban on littering everywhere.(环境保护) 为了创造更清洁的环境，我们应该禁止到处乱扔垃圾。 用法归纳 ·ban doing sth 禁止做某事 ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止某人(做)某事 ·a ban on... ……的禁令 put/place/impose a ban 颁布禁令 lift a ban 取消禁令 Some schools are very worried about the harm that mobile phones may bring to students and advocate a complete ban on students bringing mobile phones to school. 一些学校非常担心手机可能给学生带来的危害，主张全面禁止学生带手机上学。 3.puzzled adj.困惑的(confused)，无法理解的→puzzle v.迷惑，(使)困惑 n.智力游戏；不解之谜；疑问→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①His last paintings are perhaps the most puzzling (puzzle), which even puzzle all the artists. ②You will be puzzled at/about their meanings if you don’t learn about the background of these poems.　如果你不了解这些诗歌的背景，你可能会对它们的含义感到很困惑。 用法归纳 be puzzled at/about 对……迷惑不解 a puzzled look/expression 一脸迷惑 “What’s the matter with it？”She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face.(语言描写) “怎么了？”她困惑地皱着眉头问爷爷。 4.alert v.提醒(remind)，使(某人)意识到 adj.警觉的，警惕的；意识到 n.警戒，警惕；警报(alarm) 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Terrified of insects and always on alert for a storm rolling in, he remained housebound. ②The deer are always staying alert to the surrounding danger which will happen at any time. 鹿总是对周围随时可能发生的危险保持警惕。 用法归纳 ·alert sb to sth 使某人注意/意识到某事物 ·be alert to sth 对……警觉 ·on the alert for 警惕；准备应对…… on alert 处于警戒状态；保持戒备 To live a healthy life, the government alerted the public to the environmental protection.(环境保护) 为了过健康的生活，政府提醒公众注意环境保护。 5.reputation n.名誉，名望 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single－mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me.(2022·浙江1月卷) ②She devoted herself entirely to her research and it earned/won her a good reputation in her field. 她全身心地投入到她的研究中，这为她在她的领域赢得了良好的声誉。 ③She delivered an outstanding performance and lived up to her reputation as a talented actor. 她的表演非常出色，作为一个天才演员名副其实。 用法归纳 have a reputation for 以……著称；有……的名声 enjoy/earn/win/gain/establish/build a reputation 享有/赢得/确立/树立声誉 damage/ruin one’s reputation 损害/毁坏某人的名声 live up to one’s reputation 名副其实 The TV I bought the other day from your company turned out to be a fake, which ruined your good reputation.(投诉信) 前几天我从贵公司买的电视原来是假货，这毁了你们的好名声。 经典句式： 句型公式：by the time引导时间状语从句 【教材原句】　Then the sun came out，and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.　接着太阳出来了，等到我坐下来吃早餐时，太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目，给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。 以练促学　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I had finished (finish)reading his third book by the time the new school year began. ②With any luck, we will have finished this by the end of the day. 运气好的话，我们会在一天结束前完成。 用法归纳 (1)by the time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时候为止”。 ·by the time＋从句(一般过去时)，主句时态为过去完成时。 ·by the time＋从句(一般现在时)，主句时态为一般将来时或将来完成时。 (2)by the end of的用法： ·by the end of＋过去时间，句子时态为过去完成时。 ·by the end of＋将来时间，句子时态为将来完成时。 Most of us had been in tears by the time he finished his story.(情绪描写) 他讲完故事时，我们大多数人都已经泪流满面。 维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①These sunglasses are designed to reduce glare.n.刺眼的强光 ②A wave of tiredness swept over her.v.突然袭来 2.选出launch的汉语意思 A.v.推出，发布(新产品)　B.v.发射 C.v.发起，发动 ①We will launch the moon rocket next week.B ②A traditional Chinese culture week campaign was launched last week in our school to enhance students’ confidence in our national culture.C ③If a company launches a new product，it makes it available to the public.A 维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空 1.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance (elegant).(2022·全国甲卷) 2.The more regularly they can be inspected (inspect)，the more railway safety，reliability and on－time performance will be improved.(2022·全国乙卷) 3.Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept (sweep) aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings.(2022·全国甲卷) 4.Over the last seven years, most states have banned (ban) texting by drivers.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) 5.The summer breeze gently (gentle) moved through the leaves with a sighing sound. 6.The moon was held up above the sky, shining her smooth and charming (charm) moonlight. 7.By the time this letter reaches you，I will have left (leave) the country. 8.It was too cold outside and the girl stood in front of the cottage，trembling (tremble) with cold. 9.Though I preferred cycling to the company, he insisted on driving (drive) me there. 10.The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline. 双写培优练习： 练一　单元话题作文(短文投稿——介绍科学家Rachel Carson) 1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①Rachel Carson在1962年出版了她的书《寂静的春天》。 Rachel Carson published her book Silent Spring in 1962. ②她的目的是提醒人们注意人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响。(alert) She aimed to alert people to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems. ③她的书产生了如此直接和深远的影响，以至于DDT被禁止使用。(ban) Her book had such an immediate and far－reaching effect that DDT was banned from being used. ④她的书很快成为一些农药行业批评者的目标，他们试图损害Carson的声誉。(become a target for, reputation) Her book quickly became a target for some critics in the pesticide industry who attempted to damage Carson’s reputation. ⑤Carson决心坚持自己的研究，捍卫自己的主张。(stand by) Carson was determined to stand by her research and defend her claims. ⑥即使到今天，她的书仍然值得重读。(deserve) Even today her book still deserves rereading/to be reread. 2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 【参考范文】　 Rachel Carson published her book Silent Spring in 1962.She aimed to alert people to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems.Her book had such an immediate and far－reaching effect that DDT was banned from being used.However, her book quickly became a target for some critics in the pesticide industry who attempted to damage Carson’s reputation.But Carson was determined to stand by her research and defend her claims.Even today her book still deserves rereading/to be reread. 练二　续写增分技巧20——描写“吃惊与震惊” 1.Hearing the bad news，Mary froze with shock，as if rooted on the ground. 得知这个坏消息，玛丽僵住了，动弹不得。 2.When Anne placed her favorite toy in the box，a spark of surprise flashed across her brother’s face.He stared at her with wide eyes. 当安妮把她最喜欢的玩具放进盒子里时，她哥哥脸上闪过一丝惊奇。他瞪大眼睛盯着她。 3.Confused and astonished，he gaped at the wall. 他既困惑又惊讶，张口结舌地看着墙。 4.She was amazed/surprised/astonished that all the children were willing to donate something. 令她感到惊讶的是，所有的孩子都愿意捐赠一些东西。 5.He got surprised，with his eyes wide open. 他吃惊地睁大了眼睛。 [小试身手] After removing his coat，the boy bent down to give Poppy a big hug.①But a spark of surprise flashed across his face as a small golden dog came racing up to lick his face too.“Oh，my gosh，who is this？” he exclaimed.②His parents laughed，seeing the shock on his face.“That’s Pee－wee！” What really concerned him was how upset she was when he was at university.Now，observing the two lovely dogs roaring around the house in a happy game of chase，③the boy was too choked with emotion to speak. 男孩脱下外套后，弯腰给了波比一个大大的拥抱。但有一只金色的小狗也冲过来舔他的脸，他的脸上闪过一丝惊讶。“哦，天哪，这是谁？”他叫道。看到他脸上震惊的表情，他的父母笑了。“这是皮维！”真正让他担心的是他上大学时她有多难过。现在，男孩看着两只可爱的狗在房子周围快乐地追逐玩耍，激动得说不出话来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$