精品解析：广东省广州市荔湾区2024-2025学年高三10月区调研测试英语试卷

试卷类型： A 2024 学年高三年级调研测试 英语 2024.10 本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必在答题卡第1面和第3面上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、 班级、姓名、试室号和座位号，将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡的“条形码粘贴处”。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点 涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 A Scientific Creation Exhibition Our annual Science Fair will beheld on the 10th week from Nov 5 to 8 on school campus. If you are prepared to shine at our School Project Exhibition, the highlight of our exciting science event, please sign up for a presentation now. Participation Details Open to all high school students. Work individually or in teams ofup to three members. Select a scientific topic that interests you. It could be from any field such as physics, chemistry, biology, environmental science, or even one covering 2 to 4 subjects. Guidelines Conduct thorough research on your chosen topic. Design and conduct experiments to explore your question. Prepare a display board that clearly presents your project. Be ready to explain your project to visitors engagingly and informatively. Visual aids such as charts and photos are welcome to enhance your presentation. Judging Criteria Judges would examine everything the participants prepare, and students who enter the finals are encouraged to design their posters in a clear and informative manner to allow pre-interview evaluation and to enable the interview to become an in-depth discussion. Considerable emphasis is placed on two areas: creativity and presentation, especially in the interview section. Creativity: Judges would place emphasis on how imaginative and inventive your project is. Presentation/Interview: The interview provides the opportunity to interact with the finalists and evaluate their understanding of the project’s basic science, interpretation and limitation of the results and conclusions. Prize Judges will choose the top 10 honorable science stars, who will each receive a T-shirt of the Science Fair. 1. How many team members can you have for a project? A 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 10. 2. What must the students do in the presentation? A. Use pictures to explain. B. Conduct experiments on stage. C. Write on the blackboard to display. D. Demonstrate research outcomes. 3. Who is likely to be awarded science stars? A. Participants who create the best posters. B. Participants presenting projects with limitations. C. Participants with thorough knowledge of science. D. Participants showing imagination in a group discussion. B For many, the term “orienteering” might bring back images of school trips. The reality of it can be very different, though, and it’s a sport with strong links to athletics. Kris Jones, a British international on the track, was also a silver medalist at the 2022 World Orienteering Championships. This July, I decided to explore the sport by joining in the Edinburgh “sprint orienteering” running through the famous city streets. The aim of the sport is to navigate (导航) between checkpoints marked on a special orienteering map. There is no set route so the skill and fun come from trying to find the best way to go, with the ultimate goal being to complete the course in the quickest time. As someone who is used to the convenience of using my phone for navigation, the idea of relying on a traditional map-and-compass approach felt daunting. However, once I got into the swing of things — and learned to hold a map the correct way – the excitement of navigating from one checkpoint to the next quickly got me moving. The unpredictable nature of the race and not knowing the whereabouts of other competitors, really does keep the rush of excitement flowing. You have no idea where you are going or what you are going to see until you pick up the map. I think the sport taking place in an open field of play is really exciting for people to watch. People can stand and watch athletes running across their doorstep. Different athletes will be following different routes. It’s never like a marathon where you might see one athlete a minute ahead in front and you know they are going to win. For orienteering to grow as a sport, it needs greater visibility in top class events. A distant past argument is that it is not an audience-friendly sport, but modern technology now shakes that belief. With the use of mobile phones, drones and body cameras, orienteering can be enjoyed by a much wider audience. 4. Why does the author mention Kris Jones in paragraph 1? A. To prove orienteering is very popular. B. To show the sport is physically demanding. C To introduce the achievement of the athlete. D. To emphasize the benefits of taking up orienteering. 5. What does the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Challenging. B. Familiar. C. Exciting. D. Convenient. 6. What makes orienteering different from a marathon to the audience? A. The phone for navigation. B. The uncertainty of the result. C. The set routine through a city. D. The visibility of runners’ positions. 7. What does the last paragraph imply? A. The running routes should be designed to vary. B. Orienteering is bound to be a world-class event. C. Orienteering is actually an audience-friendly sport. D Technology can be adopted to popularize the game. C Many cities around the world get more rain than their surroundings. “Just like the way you have an urban heat island, you have an urban rainfall effect,” says Dev Niyogi at the University of Texas at Austin. Niyogi and his colleagues looked at satellite data on rainfall between 2001 and 2020 in 1056 cities and nearby rural areas across different climate regions. They found that more than 60 percent of cities were “wet islands”, while some other cities were “dry islands”. For example, Ho Chi Minh City and Sydney were among the wettest anomalies (反常), each with over 100 millimetres more rainfall than their surroundings per year. Seattle and Rio de Janeiro were among the 10 driest. Cities can boost or reduce rainfall in several ways. Heat absorbed by asphalt (沥青黄沙混合物) and buildings can cause updrafts that help rain clouds to form. The “roughness” of buildings can slow weather systems so they rain over urban areas for longer. Air pollution can seed clouds, although it can also reduce rainfall by cooling the air. Paved surfaces with little vegetation can reduce evaporation, leading to less damp in the air. The influence of these factors varies based on the size and location of cities. The team found larger, more populous cities were more likely to be wet islands. Cities in temperate, tropical and coastal regions tended to have the largest anomalies, while those in mountainous areas generally saw smaller differences. They also found the average difference between wet islands and their surroundings almost doubled over the study period, from 37 to 62 millimetres more rainfall per year. Dry anomalies didn’t change. Niyogi says this is because of rapid urbanization combined with warming temperatures due to climate change, which increases the amount of water vapour in the air. Current weather and climate models don’t fully account for the influence of cities on rain. But Niyogi says it may eventually be possible for city planners to consider how their decisions affect rainfall. 8. What is “wet island” in the study? A. Rural areas that flood frequently with rains. B. Climate regions along the tropical and coastal areas. C. Cities flooded because of rains in their surroundings. D. Urban areas that saw more rains than their surroundings. 9. Which of the following is related to rainfall reduction? A. Asphalt and rough buildings. B. Strong updrafts. C. Paved surface with little vegetation. D. Heated air flow. 10. What can be inferred from the research findings? A. Dry anomalies are not easy to change. B. Urban rainfall effects are increasingly serious. C. Mountainous areas do not have rainfall problems. D. Climate change is the main concern in urban rainfall control. 11. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Cities are Becoming Victims of Global Warming B. Development Turns Most Cities into “Wet Islands” C. Country Life Downplays the Harm of Urban Rainfall D. More Rain or Less Rain: It Depends on How Green our Life Is D Who are your best friends on campus? Are they the ones you encountered most often in class? Are they your fellows in drama club or debate society? Something that has to influence whether people become friends is simple physical proximity. And, in fact, the most lasting friendships are developed between people whose paths cross frequently. A number of studies have demonstrated the effects of proximity on who become friends. One was conducted at MIT in the 1940s. The incoming students were randomly assigned to 17 ten-unit apartment buildings that were isolated from other residential areas, and few of them knew one another beforehand. The investigators asked each resident to name the three people in the student housing project with whom they socialized most often. The effect of proximity was striking: two-thirds of those listed as friends lived in the same building as the respondent, even though those in the same building represented only 5 percent of the target residents. More striking still was the pattern of friendships within each building. Even though the physical distance between apartments was quite small — 19 feet between the doorways of neighboring apartments and 89 feet between those at the ends of each hallway — 41 percent of those living in neighboring apartments listed each other as friends, compared with only 10 percent of those living at opposite ends of the hallway. Proximity leads to friendship because it facilitates chance encounters. If so, then pure physical distance should matter less than functional distance — the influence of an architectural layout to encourage or discourage contact between people. The MIT study shows just how important functional distance is. As the following Figure indicates, the stairs are positioned such that upstairs residents will encounter the occupants of apartments at the turn of the stairs much more often than the occupants of the middle apartments. And in fact, the residents of the two stair-end apartment formed twice as many friendships with their upstairs neighbors as those living in the middle apartments. Figure of the MIT Study Thus it’s functional distance more than physical distance that is decisive. Proximity promotes friendship because it brings people together. Actually, in later studies involving more diverse populations, the largest effects of proximity on friendship formation have been found between people of different races, ages, or social classes. 12. What can be concluded from the MIT study? A. Friends play an important role in one’s daily life. B. Frequency of encounters decides the living distance. C. People with shared interests are more likely to befriends. D. The more often two people meet, the closer their relationship is. 13. What method did the MIT researchers employ in their study? A. Case study. B. Recording analysis. C. In-lab observation. D. Online questionnaire. 14. Which apartment’s residents in the Figure above may make most friends in the building? A. Apartment 1. B. Apartment 2. C. Apartment 6. D. Apartment 7. 15. Why did researchers carry out later studies? A. Previous study results are contradictory. B. Previous study methods lack scientific support. C. The sample in the previous study is not representative. D. The data in the previous study are not up-to-date enough. 第二节 七选五（共5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分。） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Every year at this harvest time, you are likely to read articles about the promise that the average family can save money by growing their own fruit and vegetables. ___16___ So can your average home gardener really compete on price against the economies of scale of industrial agriculture? ___17___ Say you want to start with potatoes in a household container. In the UK, these cost around £75. Given potatoes in my supermarket are £0.90 per kilogram, you would have to produce at least 83 kg to break even. Assuming you get similar output as the professionals, a 60×60 cm container would only give you around 2 to 3 kg per year. So at best, you would only get your money back after around 27 years. ___18___ Well, given that everything goes well, you will still need to start by buying seed potatoes. In my garden centre these don’t come cheap. For easy-to-transport produce with long shelf lives, like potatoes, carrots and onions, it really is almost impossible to get the maths to work in your favour on a domestic scale, as efficiencies resulting from agricultural mechanisation make these so inexpensive to buy. However, when it comes to more delicate offerings, the opposite is often true. The plants harvested only by hand can be costly to buy. ___19___ Many herbs like mint, dill and fennel are so tough that much of the gardening advice is how to prevent them from taking over your pot. This is also true for pricey salad crops like wild rocket, or arugula, which live a secret double life as a common garden weed. ___20___ A. Let’s look at the numbers. B. So why bother to grow your own plants? C. These turn out to be the exception to the general economic reality. D. But the writers never really reference how they arrived at the conclusion. E. What if you abandon the container and just grow some potatoes in garden soil? F. The three most expensive items in my supermarket happen to be the easiest to grow. G. We should consider the cost of the potatoes, the growing medium, fertiliser, and water. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分。） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分。） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Art lessons in high school continued to draw me more deeply into art, like still life and botanical drawings. Generally our teacher ___21___ our ideas in Art, thus I found Art Classes more and more ___22___. The result came in our Matriculation Exam; I achieved a(n) ___23___ high mark. While my mother was highly delighted by the result, she was ___24___ at the thought that I might try to become an artist. A tense period followed. I did not become a professional artist, but I ___25___ continued art studies because of my working in a large ___26___ office. Later, I took up a(n) ___27___ in Zimbabwe by the office, and found much that held my interest artistically. First was the wildlife. The long ___28___ in the bush brought about many sketches and oil paintings. However the real surprise was the Zimbabwe ruins, seven or eight centuries old, and I was fascinated and it ___29___ a painting. There was also the Victoria Falls; you just could not go past without trying to capture the ___30___ from various angles. Most of my ___31___ were brought back home. On my ___32___ to Britain, although much pressure was put on to me while studying Theology, I did have vacations between terms and it did allow me time to paint and draw. A few years later I received a very good job offer in Western Australia, when it was known that I had ___33___ learning. Life was busy but I still put a half hour or hour ___34___ every week, when I could paint or draw and truly relax. I did gain ___35___ from the time I had spent with pen, pencil or paint brush. 21. A. enriched B. assessed C. cleared D. limited 22. A. boring B. innovative C. fascinating D. demanding 23. A. outstandingly B. strangely C. accidentally D. steadily 24. A. excited B. horrified C. disappointed D. proud 25. A. thus B. nevertheless C. moreover D. finally 26. A. printing B. business C. school D. drawing 27. A. responsibility B. course C. appointment D. hobby 28. A. stay B. sleep C. wait D. talk 29. A. looked like B. resulted in C. referred to D. reflected on 30. A. life B. chance C. views D. feelings 31. A. works B. memories C. belongings D. souvenirs 32. A. journey B. approach C. adventure D. return 33. A. theoretic B. language C. biological D. artistic 34 A. aside B. off C. on D. out 35. A. achievement B. reputation C. pleasure D. wealth 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分。） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Walking into a textile cooperative (纺织合作社) in Konglang Village, Xigaze, the sound of weaving could be heard ___36___ the workshop inside. On display in the exhibition room are all kinds of Tibetan wool clothes and blankets, ___37___ traditional style and unique charm are very impressive. Sonam, the 43-year-old head of the cooperative, is a skilled weaver and award ___38___ (win) at the first National Farmers Skills Competition, which was held in Liaocheng, Shandong Province in July, 2023. “I competed with more than 300 players ___39___ (select) from more than 3000 registered participants across the country. It was ___40___ eye-opening experience for me. After a full day of competitions, my ___41___ (careful) woven blanket won third prize in the hand-knitting finals,” said Sonam. Now Sonam trains women in the skill of weaving. After completing the training, each trainee _____42_____ (provide) with a set of weaving equipment and tools by the cooperative free of charge. This helps locals find employment and increase their income through weaving contracting. So far, Sonam ___43___ (train) more than 130 women in five towns. The last year witnessed the cooperative ___44___ (sale) reached RMB 450,000 with a net profit of RMB 300,000. The cooperative takes out part of its annual profits to support the livelihood undertakings in the village, _____45_____ (contribute) to rural revitalization. 第三部分 写作（共三节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（共 1 题，满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tom对你的未来学习规划很感兴趣，发来邮件询问你的高考志愿。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你的理想大学与专业； 2. 选择理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（共 1 题，满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The screeching north wind brought freezing weather that chilled all the villagers to the bone, even though it had yet to snow. At this time of year, the old people liked to gather and bask in the sun under the big tree at the village entrance. The old and large tree, which took two people to reach around, had lost some leaves in the cold wind. The location faced the highway that bustled with people and cars. The lively scene became more pronounced as the New Year approached. The old people, who were standing or sitting in groups of three to five, gossiped with each other in small talk. Their eager eyes, however, were all drawn to the road. They hoped a car would suddenly pull up or roll into the village. Instead, they were repeatedly disappointed. Loneliness and helplessness blinded their cloudy eyes. “Long, your son Jianguo is still not coming home this year?” someone asked. “He says he’s tied up with the business. He promised to take me to the city in the New Year!” “He is really somebody in the city now. Why not join him?” Unexpectedly, Long became angry and shouted, “I don’t want to go there! Where there are the elders, there is the family!” The other old people momentarily turned grim and silent, with their faces turning to the highway again, filled with longing and expectation. At this moment, a bus pulled up to the village entrance and a man got out. As the man drew closer, Long’s heart pounded with anticipation. But as the figure became clearer, disappointment washed over him. It wasn’t his son. The old people’s faces fell once again, and a heavy silence descended upon them. The hope that had briefly flared up died out, and they were left with only loneliness and longing. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, another vehicle appeared on the horizon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At the sight of this scene, tears welled up in Long’s eyes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 试卷类型： A 2024 学年高三年级调研测试 英语 2024.10 本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必在答题卡第1面和第3面上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、 班级、姓名、试室号和座位号，将自己的条形码粘贴在答题卡的“条形码粘贴处”。 2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点 涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 A Scientific Creation Exhibition Our annual Science Fair will beheld on the 10th week from Nov 5 to 8 on school campus. If you are prepared to shine at our School Project Exhibition, the highlight of our exciting science event, please sign up for a presentation now. Participation Details Open to all high school students. Work individually or in teams ofup to three members. Select a scientific topic that interests you. It could be from any field such as physics, chemistry, biology, environmental science, or even one covering 2 to 4 subjects. Guidelines Conduct thorough research on your chosen topic. Design and conduct experiments to explore your question. Prepare a display board that clearly presents your project. Be ready to explain your project to visitors engagingly and informatively. Visual aids such as charts and photos are welcome to enhance your presentation. Judging Criteria Judges would examine everything the participants prepare, and students who enter the finals are encouraged to design their posters in a clear and informative manner to allow pre-interview evaluation and to enable the interview to become an in-depth discussion. Considerable emphasis is placed on two areas: creativity and presentation, especially in the interview section. Creativity: Judges would place emphasis on how imaginative and inventive your project is. Presentation/Interview: The interview provides the opportunity to interact with the finalists and evaluate their understanding of the project’s basic science, interpretation and limitation of the results and conclusions. Prize Judges will choose the top 10 honorable science stars, who will each receive a T-shirt of the Science Fair. 1. How many team members can you have for a project? A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 10. 2. What must the students do in the presentation? A. Use pictures to explain. B. Conduct experiments on stage. C. Write on the blackboard to display. D. Demonstrate research outcomes. 3. Who is likely to be awarded science stars? A. Participants who create the best posters. B. Participants presenting projects with limitations. C. Participants with thorough knowledge of science. D. Participants showing imagination in a group discussion. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了一年一度的科学博览会活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Participation Details部分中“Work individually or in teams of up to three members.(独立工作或三人以内的团队工作)”可知，团队成员要在三人以内，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Judging Criteria部分中“Presentation/Interview: The interview provides the opportunity to interact with the finalists and evaluate their understanding of the project’s basic science, interpretation and limitation of the results and conclusions.(展示/面试：面试提供了与入围者互动的机会，并评估他们对项目基础科学的理解，对结果和结论的解释和限制)”可知，学生在展示时要说明研究结果，故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Participation Details 部分中“Select a scientific topic that interests you.(选择一个你感兴趣的科学话题)”和Judging Criteria部分中“evaluate their understanding of the project’s basic science, interpretation and limitation of the results and conclusions.(评估他们对项目基础科学的理解，对结果和结论的解释和限制)”可知，该活动是关于科学，故具有全面科学知识的参与者可能会被授予科学之星，故选C。 B For many the term “orienteering” might bring back images of school trips. The reality of it can be very different, though, and it’s a sport with strong links to athletics. Kris Jones, a British international on the track, was also a silver medalist at the 2022 World Orienteering Championships. This July, I decided to explore the sport by joining in the Edinburgh “sprint orienteering” running through the famous city streets. The aim of the sport is to navigate (导航) between checkpoints marked on a special orienteering map. There is no set route so the skill and fun come from trying to find the best way to go, with the ultimate goal being to complete the course in the quickest time. As someone who is used to the convenience of using my phone for navigation, the idea of relying on a traditional map-and-compass approach felt daunting. However, once I got into the swing of things — and learned to hold a map the correct way – the excitement of navigating from one checkpoint to the next quickly got me moving. The unpredictable nature of the race and not knowing the whereabouts of other competitors, really does keep the rush of excitement flowing. You have no idea where you are going or what you are going to see until you pick up the map. I think the sport taking place in an open field of play is really exciting for people to watch. People can stand and watch athletes running across their doorstep. Different athletes will be following different routes. It’s never like a marathon where you might see one athlete a minute ahead in front and you know they are going to win. For orienteering to grow as a sport, it needs greater visibility in top class events. A distant past argument is that it is not an audience-friendly sport, but modern technology now shakes that belief. With the use of mobile phones, drones and body cameras, orienteering can be enjoyed by a much wider audience. 4. Why does the author mention Kris Jones in paragraph 1? A. To prove orienteering is very popular. B. To show the sport is physically demanding. C. To introduce the achievement of the athlete. D. To emphasize the benefits of taking up orienteering. 5. What does the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Challenging. B. Familiar. C. Exciting. D. Convenient. 6. What makes orienteering different from a marathon to the audience? A. The phone for navigation. B. The uncertainty of the result. C. The set routine through a city. D. The visibility of runners’ positions. 7. What does the last paragraph imply? A. The running routes should be designed to vary. B. Orienteering is bound to be a world-class event. C. Orienteering is actually an audience-friendly sport. D. Technology can be adopted to popularize the game. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了定向越野运动的基本规则、参与体验、观赏性以及如何通过现代技术提高其知名度和观赏性。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“For many, the term “orienteering” might bring back images of school trips. The reality of it can be very different, though, and it’s a sport with strong links to athletics. Kris Jones, a British international on the track, was also a silver medalist at the 2022 World Orienteering Championships. (对于许多人来说，“定向越野”这个词可能会让人回想起学校郊游的场景。然而，它的实际情况可能大不相同，这是一项与田径运动有着紧密联系的运动。Kris Jones是一名英国田径国际选手，同时还在2022年世界定向越野锦标赛上获得了银牌。)”可知，作者提到Kris Jones是为了展示这项运动对体力的要求。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“As someone who is used to the convenience of using my phone for navigation, the idea of relying on a traditional map-and-compass approach felt (作为一个习惯了用手机方便导航的人，依靠传统的地图和指南针方法的想法让人感觉)”可知，作者习惯了用手机方便导航，依靠传统的地图和指南针方法的想法让作者觉得具有挑战性。daunting在此处的意思是“具有挑战性的”。A. Challenging具有挑战性的；B. Familiar熟悉的；C. Exciting令人兴奋的；D. Convenient方便的。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第五段“I think the sport taking place in an open field of play is really exciting for people to watch. People can stand and watch athletes running across their doorstep. Different athletes will be following different routes. It’s never like a marathon where you might see one athlete a minute ahead in front and you know they are going to win. (我认为在开阔的场地上进行这项运动对人们来说是非常令人兴奋的。人们可以站着观看运动员从家门口跑过。不同的运动员将遵循不同的路线。它从来不像马拉松那样，你可能会看到一个运动员领先一分钟，你就知道他们会赢。)”可知，定向越野与马拉松不同之处在于，观众无法预测比赛的结果，因为运动员选择的路线不同，增加了比赛的不确定性。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“With the use of mobile phones, drones and body cameras, orienteering can be enjoyed by a much wider audience. (随着手机、无人机和随身相机的使用，定向运动可以被更多的观众喜爱。)”可知，可以采用技术来推广这项运动。故选D。 C Many cities around the world get more rain than their surroundings. “Just like the way you have an urban heat island, you have an urban rainfall effect,” says Dev Niyogi at the University of Texas at Austin. Niyogi and his colleagues looked at satellite data on rainfall between 2001 and 2020 in 1056 cities and nearby rural areas across different climate regions. They found that more than 60 percent of cities were “wet islands”, while some other cities were “dry islands”. For example, Ho Chi Minh City and Sydney were among the wettest anomalies (反常), each with over 100 millimetres more rainfall than their surroundings per year. Seattle and Rio de Janeiro were among the 10 driest. Cities can boost or reduce rainfall in several ways. Heat absorbed by asphalt (沥青黄沙混合物) and buildings can cause updrafts that help rain clouds to form. The “roughness” of buildings can slow weather systems so they rain over urban areas for longer. Air pollution can seed clouds, although it can also reduce rainfall by cooling the air. Paved surfaces with little vegetation can reduce evaporation, leading to less damp in the air. The influence of these factors varies based on the size and location of cities. The team found larger, more populous cities were more likely to be wet islands. Cities in temperate, tropical and coastal regions tended to have the largest anomalies, while those in mountainous areas generally saw smaller differences. They also found the average difference between wet islands and their surroundings almost doubled over the study period, from 37 to 62 millimetres more rainfall per year. Dry anomalies didn’t change. Niyogi says this is because of rapid urbanization combined with warming temperatures due to climate change, which increases the amount of water vapour in the air. Current weather and climate models don’t fully account for the influence of cities on rain. But Niyogi says it may eventually be possible for city planners to consider how their decisions affect rainfall. 8. What is “wet island” in the study? A Rural areas that flood frequently with rains. B. Climate regions along the tropical and coastal areas. C. Cities flooded because of rains in their surroundings. D. Urban areas that saw more rains than their surroundings. 9. Which of the following is related to rainfall reduction? A. Asphalt and rough buildings. B. Strong updrafts. C. Paved surface with little vegetation. D. Heated air flow. 10. What can be inferred from the research findings? A. Dry anomalies are not easy to change. B. Urban rainfall effects are increasingly serious. C. Mountainous areas do not have rainfall problems. D. Climate change is the main concern in urban rainfall control. 11. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Cities are Becoming Victims of Global Warming B. Development Turns Most Cities into “Wet Islands” C. Country Life Downplays the Harm of Urban Rainfall D. More Rain or Less Rain: It Depends on How Green our Life Is 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。文章主要介绍了城市发展如何导致大多数城市显著增加降雨的现象，即“湿岛”现象。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Niyogi and his colleagues looked at satellite data on rainfall between 2001 and 2020 in 1056 cities and nearby rural areas across different climate regions. They found that more than 60 percent of cities were “wet islands”, while some other cities were “dry islands”. For example, Ho Chi Minh City and Sydney were among the wettest anomalies (反常), each with over 100 millimetres more rainfall than their surroundings per year. (Niyogi和他的同事们研究了2001年至2020年间1056个城市和附近农村地区不同气候区域的降雨卫星数据。他们发现，超过60%的城市是“湿岛”，而其他一些城市是“干岛”。例如，胡志明市和悉尼是最潮湿的异常城市之一，每年的降雨量都比周围地区多100毫米以上。)”可知，wet island指的是降雨量比周边地区多的城市地区。故选D。 9题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Paved surfaces with little vegetation can reduce evaporation, leading to less damp in the air. (植被稀少的铺面可以减少蒸发，从而减少空气中的湿度，从而减少空气中的湿度。)”可知，植被稀少的铺面可以减少蒸发，导致空气中的湿度降低，这与降雨量的减少有关。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段中“They also found the average difference between wet islands and their surroundings almost doubled over the study period, from 37 to 62 millimetres more rainfall per year. Dry anomalies didn’t change. Niyogi says this is because of rapid urbanization combined with warming temperatures due to climate change, which increases the amount of water vapour in the air. (他们还发现，在研究期间，湿岛与其周边地区的平均降雨量差异几乎翻了一番，从每年多37毫米增加到62毫米。而干燥异常的情况没有变化。Niyogi说，这是因为快速的城市化加上气候变化导致的温度升高，增加了空气中的水汽含量。)”可知，城市降雨效应正在变得越来越严重。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Many cities around the world get more rain than their surroundings. “Just like the way you have an urban heat island, you have an urban rainfall effect,” says Dev Niyogi at the University of Texas at Austin. (世界上许多城市的降雨量都比周边地区多。德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的Dev Niyogi说：“就像城市热岛一样，城市降雨也会产生影响。”)”和第三段中“Cities can boost or reduce rainfall in several ways. Heat absorbed by asphalt (沥青黄沙混合物) and buildings can cause updrafts that help rain clouds to form. The “roughness” of buildings can slow weather systems so they rain over urban areas for longer. Air pollution can seed clouds, although it can also reduce rainfall by cooling the air. Paved surfaces with little vegetation can reduce evaporation, leading to less damp in the air.”. (城市可以通过几种方式增加或减少降雨。沥青和建筑物吸收的热量会导致上升气流，从而帮助形成雨云。建筑物的“粗糙度”可以减缓天气系统，因此它们在城市地区降雨的时间更长。空气污染可以形成云，尽管它也可以通过冷却空气来减少降雨。几乎没有植被的铺砌表面可以减少蒸发。)”可知，主要介绍了城市发展如何导致大多数城市显著增加降雨的现象，即“湿岛”现象。因此，B选项“Development Turns Most Cities into “Wet Islands” (发展使大多数城市变成“湿岛”)”最符合文章主旨。故选B。 D Who are your best friends on campus? Are they the ones you encountered most often in class? Are they your fellows in drama club or debate society? Something that has to influence whether people become friends is simple physical proximity. And, in fact, the most lasting friendships are developed between people whose paths cross frequently. A number of studies have demonstrated the effects of proximity on who become friends. One was conducted at MIT in the 1940s. The incoming students were randomly assigned to 17 ten-unit apartment buildings that were isolated from other residential areas, and few of them knew one another beforehand. The investigators asked each resident to name the three people in the student housing project with whom they socialized most often. The effect of proximity was striking: two-thirds of those listed as friends lived in the same building as the respondent, even though those in the same building represented only 5 percent of the target residents. More striking still was the pattern of friendships within each building. Even though the physical distance between apartments was quite small — 19 feet between the doorways of neighboring apartments and 89 feet between those at the ends of each hallway — 41 percent of those living in neighboring apartments listed each other as friends, compared with only 10 percent of those living at opposite ends of the hallway. Proximity leads to friendship because it facilitates chance encounters. If so, then pure physical distance should matter less than functional distance — the influence of an architectural layout to encourage or discourage contact between people. The MIT study shows just how important functional distance is. As the following Figure indicates, the stairs are positioned such that upstairs residents will encounter the occupants of apartments at the turn of the stairs much more often than the occupants of the middle apartments. And in fact, the residents of the two stair-end apartment formed twice as many friendships with their upstairs neighbors as those living in the middle apartments. Figure of the MIT Study Thus, it’s functional distance more than physical distance that is decisive. Proximity promotes friendship because it brings people together. Actually, in later studies involving more diverse populations, the largest effects of proximity on friendship formation have been found between people of different races, ages, or social classes. 12. What can be concluded from the MIT study? A. Friends play an important role in one’s daily life. B. Frequency of encounters decides the living distance. C. People with shared interests are more likely to befriends. D. The more often two people meet, the closer their relationship is. 13. What method did the MIT researchers employ in their study? A. Case study. B. Recording analysis. C. In-lab observation. D. Online questionnaire. 14. Which apartment’s residents in the Figure above may make most friends in the building? A. Apartment 1. B. Apartment 2. C. Apartment 6. D. Apartment 7. 15. Why did researchers carry out later studies? A. Previous study results are contradictory. B. Previous study methods lack scientific support. C. The sample in the previous study is not representative. D. The data in the previous study are not up-to-date enough. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章详细介绍了麻省理工学院在1940年代进行的一项关于物理距离如何影响人际关系形成的研究，特别是对友谊发展的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Something that has to influence whether people become friends is simple physical proximity. And, in fact, the most lasting friendships are developed between people whose paths cross frequently. (影响人们是否成为朋友的因素很简单，那就是身体距离。事实上，最持久的友谊是在道路经常交叉的人们之间建立起来的。)”可知，两个人见面的次数越多，他们的关系就越亲密。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段中“One was conducted at MIT in the 1940s. The incoming students were randomly assigned to 17 ten-unit apartment buildings that were isolated from other residential areas, and few of them knew one another beforehand. (其中一项是20世纪40年代在麻省理工学院进行的。新入学的学生被随机分配到17栋10单元的公寓楼里，这些公寓楼与其他居民区隔离开来，他们中很少有人事先认识彼此。)”和第三段中“The effect of proximity was striking: two-thirds of those listed as friends lived in the same building as the respondent, even though those in the same building represented only 5 percent of the target residents. More striking still was the pattern of friendships within each building. Even though the physical distance between apartments was quite small —19 feet between the doorways of neighboring apartments and 89 feet between those at the ends of each hallway — 41 percent of those living in neighboring apartments listed each other as friends, compared with only 10 percent of those living at opposite ends of the hallway. (距离的影响是惊人的：被列为朋友的人中有三分之二与被调查者住在同一栋楼里，尽管住在同一栋楼里的人只占目标居民的5%。更引人注目的是每栋楼里的友谊模式。尽管公寓之间的物理距离很小——相邻公寓的门道之间只有19英尺，走廊两端的门道之间只有89英尺——但住在相邻公寓的人中有41%的人把彼此列为朋友，而住在走廊两端的人中只有10%的人这样做。)”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员通过对这些学生的案例研究进行的。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段中“As the following Figure indicates, the stairs are positioned such that upstairs residents will encounter the occupants of apartments at the turn of the stairs much more often than the occupants of the middle apartments. And in fact, the residents of the two stair-end apartment formed twice as many friendships with their upstairs neighbors as those living in the middle apartments. (如下图所示，楼梯的位置使得楼上的住户在楼梯拐弯处遇到公寓住户的次数要比中间公寓的住户多得多。事实上，住在两层楼上公寓的人与楼上邻居的友谊是住在中间公寓的人的两倍。)”可以推断出，住在1号公寓的居民可能在公寓里交到最多的朋友，因为他们在楼梯转弯处更容易遇到其他公寓的居民。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Actually, in later studies involving more diverse populations, the largest effects of proximity on friendship formation have been found between people of different races, ages, or social classes. (事实上，在后来涉及更多不同人群的研究中，发现距离对友谊形成的最大影响发生在不同种族、年龄或社会阶层的人之间。)”可知，之前的研究样本可能不具有代表性，因此需要进行更深入的研究。故选C。 第二节 七选五（共5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分。） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Every year at this harvest time, you are likely to read articles about the promise that the average family can save money by growing their own fruit and vegetables. ___16___ So can your average home gardener really compete on price against the economies of scale of industrial agriculture? ___17___ Say you want to start with potatoes in a household container. In the UK, these cost around £75. Given potatoes in my supermarket are £0.90 per kilogram, you would have to produce at least 83 kg to break even. Assuming you get similar output as the professionals, a 60×60 cm container would only give you around 2 to 3 kg per year. So at best, you would only get your money back after around 27 years. ___18___ Well, given that everything goes well, you will still need to start by buying seed potatoes. In my garden centre these don’t come cheap. For easy-to-transport produce with long shelf lives, like potatoes, carrots and onions, it really is almost impossible to get the maths to work in your favour on a domestic scale, as efficiencies resulting from agricultural mechanisation make these so inexpensive to buy. However, when it comes to more delicate offerings, the opposite is often true. The plants harvested only by hand can be costly to buy. ___19___ Many herbs like mint, dill and fennel are so tough that much of the gardening advice is how to prevent them from taking over your pot. This is also true for pricey salad crops like wild rocket, or arugula, which live a secret double life as a common garden weed. ___20___ A. Let’s look at the numbers. B. So why bother to grow your own plants? C. These turn out to be the exception to the general economic reality. D. But the writers never really reference how they arrived at the conclusion. E. What if you abandon the container and just grow some potatoes in garden soil? F. The three most expensive items in my supermarket happen to be the easiest to grow. G. We should consider the cost of the potatoes, the growing medium, fertiliser, and water. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了家庭园艺是否能节省开支，通过具体例子（如种植土豆）表明，对于一些作物，家庭种植难以与工业化生产低成本竞争；但对某些草本植物和沙拉菜来说，家庭种植则更为经济实惠。 【16题详解】 由上文“Every year at this harvest time, you are likely to read articles about the promise that the average family can save money by growing their own fruit and vegetables. (每年在这个收获季节，你可能会读到这样的文章，即普通家庭可以通过种植自己的水果和蔬菜来省钱。)”可知，本空要承接上文，继续讨论关于“省钱”这一话题，再由后文“So can your average home gardener really compete on price against the economies of scale of industrial agriculture? (那么，普通家庭园丁真的能在价格上与工业化农业的规模经济竞争吗？)”可知，后文是在讨论“省钱”这一承诺是否能够实现，D选项中“conclusion”指代上文提到的“省钱”这一结论，D选项“But the writers never really reference how they arrived at the conclusion. (但作者们从未真正引用他们是如何得出这一结论的。)”符合题意，能够承上启下。故选D。 【17题详解】 由上文“So can your average home gardener really compete on price against the economies of scale of industrial agriculture? (那么，普通的家庭园艺爱好者真的能在价格上与工业农业的规模化经济竞争吗？)”可知，本空要承接上文，引出下文对能否在价格上竞争的讨论，A选项“Let’s look at the numbers. (让我们看看这些数字。)”，引出下文通过列举数字进行说明，符合题意。故选A。 【18题详解】 由上文“Assuming you get similar output as the professionals, a 60×60 cm container would only give you around 2 to 3 kg per year. So at best, you would only get your money back after around 27 years. (假设你的产量与专业人士相似，一个60×60厘米的容器每年只能给你2到3公斤左右。所以，你最多只能在27年后拿回你的钱。)”可知，上文讨论了使用容器种植土豆可能需要很长时间才能回本，再由后文“Well, given that everything goes well, you will still need to start by buying seed potatoes. In my garden centre these don’t come cheap. (好吧，既然一切顺利，你仍然需要从购买种薯开始。在我的花园中心，这些并不便宜。)”可知，后文是在讨论在花园土壤中种植土豆，E选项中“the container”和上文相呼应，“in garden soil”引出下文种植方式，所以，E选项“What if you abandon the container and just grow some potatoes in garden soil? (如果你放弃容器，在花园的土壤里种一些土豆呢？)”提出了种植土豆的替代方案，自然地延续了关于如何更有效地种植土豆的话题。故选E。 19题详解】 由上文“However, when it comes to more delicate offerings, the opposite is often true. The plants harvested only by hand can be costly to buy. (然而，当涉及到更精致的产品时，情况往往恰恰相反。只能手工收割的植物可能很贵。)”和下文“Many herbs like mint, dill and fennel are so tough that much of the gardening advice is how to prevent them from taking over your pot. (许多草药，如薄荷、莳萝和茴香，都非常坚硬，因此园艺建议大多是如何防止它们占据你的花盆。)”可知，这里主要讨论了某些植物的价格与其种植难易程度之间的反差，故本空需要引出一个与这种反差相关的观点。 F选项“The three most expensive items in my supermarket happen to be the easiest to grow. (我超市里最贵的三种商品恰好是最容易种植的。)”既是对上文内容的承接，也为下文进一步讨论这些植物的种植提供了铺垫。故选F。 【20题详解】 由上文“However, when it comes to more delicate offerings, the opposite is often true. The plants harvested only by hand can be costly to buy. (然而，当涉及到更精致的产品时，情况往往恰恰相反。只能手工收割的植物可能很贵。)”和“Many herbs like mint, dill and fennel are so tough that much of the gardening advice is how to prevent them from taking over your pot. This is also true for pricey salad crops like wild rocket, or arugula, which live a secret double life as a common garden weed. (许多草药，如薄荷、莳萝和茴香，都非常坚硬，因此园艺建议大多是如何防止它们占据你的花盆。对于野生火箭草或芝麻菜等昂贵的沙拉作物来说也是如此，它们作为一种常见的花园杂草，过着秘密的双重生活。)”可知，此处讨论的是一些植物虽然种植容易但价格却很高，这与一般的经济规律（即成本越低，价格应该越低）相悖。这些植物成为了经济规律中的一个例外。C选项中“These”指代的是前文提到的那些种植容易但价格昂贵的植物。故C选项“These turn out to be the exception to the general economic reality. (事实证明，这些都是一般经济现实的例外。)”总结上文，正好指出了上文所描述的植物是经济规律中的一个例外。故选C。 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分。） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分。） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Art lessons in high school continued to draw me more deeply into art, like still life and botanical drawings. Generally our teacher ___21___ our ideas in Art, thus I found Art Classes more and more ___22___. The result came in our Matriculation Exam; I achieved a(n) ___23___ high mark. While my mother was highly delighted by the result, she was ___24___ at the thought that I might try to become an artist. A tense period followed. I did not become a professional artist, but I ___25___ continued art studies because of my working in a large ___26___ office. Later, I took up a(n) ___27___ in Zimbabwe by the office, and found much that held my interest artistically. First was the wildlife. The long ___28___ in the bush brought about many sketches and oil paintings. However the real surprise was the Zimbabwe ruins, seven or eight centuries old, and I was fascinated and it ___29___ a painting. There was also the Victoria Falls; you just could not go past without trying to capture the ___30___ from various angles. Most of my ___31___ were brought back home. On my ___32___ to Britain, although much pressure was put on to me while studying Theology, I did have vacations between terms and it did allow me time to paint and draw. A few years later I received a very good job offer in Western Australia, when it was known that I had ___33___ learning. Life was busy but I still put a half hour or hour ___34___ every week, when I could paint or draw and truly relax. I did gain ___35___ from the time I had spent with pen, pencil or paint brush. 21. A. enriched B. assessed C. cleared D. limited 22. A. boring B. innovative C. fascinating D. demanding 23. A. outstandingly B. strangely C. accidentally D. steadily 24. A. excited B. horrified C. disappointed D. proud 25. A. thus B. nevertheless C. moreover D. finally 26. A. printing B. business C. school D. drawing 27. A. responsibility B. course C. appointment D. hobby 28. A. stay B. sleep C. wait D. talk 29. A. looked like B. resulted in C. referred to D. reflected on 30. A. life B. chance C. views D. feelings 31. A. works B. memories C. belongings D. souvenirs 32. A. journey B. approach C. adventure D. return 33. A. theoretic B. language C. biological D. artistic 34. A. aside B. off C. on D. out 35. A. achievement B. reputation C. pleasure D. wealth 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为记叙文。文章通过第一人称视角，回忆并叙述了作者从高中时期开始对艺术的兴趣，以及在家庭、工作和个人兴趣之间的平衡过程。文中详细描述了作者在不同阶段的生活经历和艺术探索，展现了个人成长和发展的心路历程。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常我们的老师丰富我们的艺术想法，因此我发现艺术课越来越吸引人。A. enriched丰富；B. assessed评估；C. cleared清除；D. limited限制。根据上文“Art lessons in high school continued to draw me more deeply into art”、“our teacher”和下文“our ideas in Art”可知，老师应该是丰富学生的想法。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常我们的老师丰富我们的艺术想法，因此我发现艺术课越来越吸引人。A. boring无聊的；B. innovative创新的；C. fascinating吸引人的；D. demanding要求高的。根据上文“Art lessons in high school continued to draw me more deeply into art”和下文“Generally our teacher 1 our ideas in Art, thus I found Art Classes more and more”可知，高中的艺术课继续把作者深深地吸引到艺术中，老师是丰富学生的想法，因此作者发现艺术课越来越吸引人。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果在我们的升学考试中，我取得了极好的高成绩。A. outstandingly极其，极好地；B. strangely奇怪地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. steadily稳定地。根据上文“Art lessons in high school continued to draw me more deeply into art”和下文“high mark”可知，作者很喜欢艺术课，考试中取得了极好的高成绩。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管妈妈对这个结果非常高兴，但一想到我可能会尝试成为艺术家她就感到害怕。A. excited兴奋的；B. horrified惊骇的，害怕的；C. disappointed失望的；D. proud自豪的。根据上文“While my mother was highly delighted by the result, she was”可知是转折含义，并结合后文“at the thought that I might try to become an artist. A tense period followed. I did not become a professional artist”可知，后文描述作者没有成为艺术家，可见妈妈不赞同作者成为艺术家，所以一想到作者可能会尝试成为艺术家妈妈就感到害怕。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我没有成为一名专业的艺术家，但由于我在一个很大的画室工作，我继续学习艺术。A. thus因此；B. nevertheless然而；C. moreover此外；D. finally最终。根据上文“I did not become a professional artist”和下文“continued art studies”可知，前后句子之间存在转折关系，即作者没有成为专业艺术家，但仍然继续学习艺术，因此选择表转折的nevertheless。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有成为一名专业的艺术家，但由于我在一个很大的画室工作，我继续学习艺术。A. printing印刷；B. business商业；C. school学校；D. drawing绘画。根据上文“continued art studies because of my working in a large”可知，作者能继续学习艺术，是因为从事与艺术相关工作，所以应该是在一个很大的画室工作。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我接受了办公室派我去津巴布韦的任命，并在那里发现了许多让我在艺术上感兴趣的事物。A. responsibility责任；B. course课程；C. appointment任命，职位；D. hobby爱好。根据下文“in Zimbabwe by the office”可知，作者接受了办公室去津巴布韦的任命。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在丛林中长时间的逗留带来了许多素描和油画。A. stay逗留；B. sleep睡觉；C. wait等待；D. talk谈话。根据下文“in the bush brought about many sketches and oil paintings”可知，在丛林中长时间的逗留让作者有了很多创作。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，真正的惊喜是七八个世纪前的津巴布韦遗迹，我被迷住了，它促成了一幅画。A. looked like看起来像；B. resulted in导致，促成；C. referred to提到；D. reflected on反思。根据下文“a painting”可知，津巴布韦遗迹促成作者画了一幅画。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有维多利亚瀑布；你不能不尝试从不同角度捕捉景色。A. life生活；B. chance机会；C. views景色；D. feelings感觉。根据上文“There was also the Victoria Falls; you just could not go past without trying to capture the”和下文“from various angles”可知，维多利亚瀑布的美景促使作者捕捉不同角度的景色。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的大部分作品都带回了家。A. works作品；B. memories记忆；C. belongings物品；D. souvenirs纪念品。根据上文“The long 8 in the bush brought about many sketches and oil paintings.”、“I was fascinated and it 9 a painting. There was also the Victoria Falls; you just could not go past without trying to capture the 10 from various angles.”可知，作者画了很多画，带回家的应是作者的作品。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我返回英国时，虽然在学习神学的过程中压力很大，但我在学期之间有假期，这确实让我有时间画画和素描。A. journey旅行；B. approach方法；C. adventure冒险；D. return返回。根据上文“I took up a(n) 7 in Zimbabwe by the office”和下文“to Britain”可知，作者从津巴布韦返回英国。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年后，当人们知道我有艺术造诣时，我在西澳大利亚收到了非常好的工作机会。A. theoretic理论的；B. language语言；C. biological生物的；D. artistic艺术的。根据上文“I 5 continued art studies”和“I did have vacations between terms and it did allow me time to paint and draw”提到的作者的艺术学习经历可知，当人们知道作者有艺术造诣时，作者收到了非常好的工作机会。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：生活忙碌但我每周仍留出半小时或一小时进行绘画或绘图。A. (put) aside留出，抽出；B. (put) off推迟；C. (put) on穿上；D. (put) out扑灭。根据上文“Life was busy but I still put a half hour or hour”可知，此处指作者留出时间进行绘画或绘图。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从花在钢笔、铅笔或画笔上的时间中获得了乐趣。A. achievement成就；B. reputation声望；C. pleasure乐趣；D. wealth财富。根据上文“I could paint or draw and truly relax. I did gain”可以推测，绘画给作者带来乐趣。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分。） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Walking into a textile cooperative (纺织合作社) in Konglang Village, Xigaze, the sound of weaving could be heard ___36___ the workshop inside. On display in the exhibition room are all kinds of Tibetan wool clothes and blankets, ___37___ traditional style and unique charm are very impressive. Sonam, the 43-year-old head of the cooperative, is a skilled weaver and award ___38___ (win) at the first National Farmers Skills Competition, which was held in Liaocheng, Shandong Province in July, 2023. “I competed with more than 300 players ___39___ (select) from more than 3000 registered participants across the country. It was ___40___ eye-opening experience for me. After a full day of competitions, my ___41___ (careful) woven blanket won third prize in the hand-knitting finals,” said Sonam. Now Sonam trains women in the skill of weaving. After completing the training, each trainee _____42_____ (provide) with a set of weaving equipment and tools by the cooperative free of charge. This helps locals find employment and increase their income through weaving contracting. So far, Sonam ___43___ (train) more than 130 women in five towns. The last year witnessed the cooperative ___44___ (sale) reached RMB 450,000 with a net profit of RMB 300,000. The cooperative takes out part of its annual profits to support the livelihood undertakings in the village, _____45_____ (contribute) to rural revitalization. 【答案】36. from 37. whose 38. winner 39. selected 40. an 41. carefully 42. is provided##will be provided 43. has trained 44. sales 45. contributing 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为记叙文。文章主要讲述了西藏日喀则市孔朗村纺织合作社的故事，包括合作社的运作情况、负责人索南的织造技艺和他在全国农民技能大赛上的获奖经历，以及他如何培训当地妇女掌握织造技能，帮助她们就业增收。 【36题详解】 考查介词。 句意：走进日喀则的孔朗村纺织合作社，可以听到车间内的织布声。本空用介词from，表示“来自”。故填from。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：展览室里展示着各种藏族羊毛衣物和毯子，传统的风格和独特的魅力非常引人注目。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tibetan wool clothes and blankets，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰名词style和charm，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：43岁的合作社负责人索南是一位熟练的织工，并在2023年7月在山东省聊城市举行的首届全国农民技能大赛上获奖。空格处与weaver并列，位于is后，作表语，应用名词winner“获胜者”，根据空前的不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填winner。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我与来自全国各地3000多名注册参赛者中选出的300多名选手进行了比赛。本句谓语为competed，此处为非谓语动词，且players与select“选择”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填selected。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对我来说，这是一次大开眼界的经历。此处泛指“一次经历”，应用不定冠词，且eye-opening为元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰。故填an。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：索南说：“我与来自全国各地3000多名注册参赛者中选出的300多名选手进行了比赛。对我来说，这是一次大开眼界的经历。经过一整天的比赛，我精心编织的毯子在手工艺决赛中获得三等奖。”空格处修饰动词woven，应用副词carefully“仔细地”，作状语。故填carefully。 【42题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：完成培训后，每位学员将由合作社免费提供一套织布设备和工具。本句陈述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语each trainee与谓语provide“提供”构成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。也可以理解为“提供一套织布设备和工具”这件事发生在将来，句子时态用一般将来时的被动语态。故填is provided或will be provided。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，索南已在五个乡镇培训了130多名妇女。根据时间状语So far可知，train“培训”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，又因主语Sonam是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has trained。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：去年，合作社的销售额达到45万元，净利润30万元。本空用名词sale，表示“销售量”通常用复数形式，作主语。故填sales。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：合作社拿出部分年利润支持村里的民生事业，为乡村振兴做出贡献。本句谓语为takes out，此处为非谓语动词，且主语The cooperative与contribute to“贡献，有助于”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填contributing。 第三部分 写作（共三节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（共 1 题，满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tom对你的未来学习规划很感兴趣，发来邮件询问你的高考志愿。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你的理想大学与专业； 2. 选择理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m thrilled to share my plans for university with you! My dream is to attend Peking University, where I aim to study Computer Science. This choice stems from my fascination with technology and my desire to create innovative software and could make a differencet o people’s lives. I believe that Peking University, with its strong academic reputation and resources, will provide me with the best foundation to achieve my goals. Looking forward to hearing your thoughts on this! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇介绍信，要求考生介绍自己理想的大学和专业，并说明理由，考生尤其要注意介绍大学的同时，还要介绍自己的理想专业，可以补充合适细节使得行文自然。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 梦想：dream→aspiration, ambition 着迷：fascination→obsession, captivation 创新：innovation→creativity, originality 资源：resources→assets, capital 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This choice stems from my fascination with technology and my desire to create innovative software and could make a difference to people’s lives. 拓展句：This choice stems from my fascination with technology and my desire to create innovative software that could make a difference to people’s lives. 【点睛】【高分句型1】My dream is to attend Peking University, where I aim to study Computer Science.（where引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I believe that Peking University, with its strong academic reputation and resources, will provide me with the best foundation to achieve my goals.（that引导的宾语从句，with作插入语） 第二节 读后续写（共 1 题，满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The screeching north wind brought freezing weather that chilled all the villagers to the bone, even though it had yet to snow. At this time of year, the old people liked to gather and bask in the sun under the big tree at the village entrance. The old and large tree, which took two people to reach around, had lost some leaves in the cold wind. The location faced the highway that bustled with people and cars. The lively scene became more pronounced as the New Year approached. The old people, who were standing or sitting in groups of three to five, gossiped with each other in small talk. Their eager eyes, however, were all drawn to the road. They hoped a car would suddenly pull up or roll into the village. Instead, they were repeatedly disappointed. Loneliness and helplessness blinded their cloudy eyes. “Long, your son Jianguo is still not coming home this year?” someone asked. “He says he’s tied up with the business. He promised to take me to the city in the New Year!” “He is really somebody in the city now. Why not join him?” Unexpectedly, Long became angry and shouted, “I don’t want to go there! Where there are the elders, there is the family!” The other old people momentarily turned grim and silent, with their faces turning to the highway again, filled with longing and expectation. At this moment, a bus pulled up to the village entrance and a man got out. As the man drew closer, Long’s heart pounded with anticipation. But as the figure became clearer, disappointment washed over him. It wasn’t his son. The old people’s faces fell once again, and a heavy silence descended upon them. The hope that had briefly flared up died out, and they were left with only loneliness and longing. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, another vehicle appeared on the horizon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At the sight of this scene, tears welled up in Long’s eyes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Just then, another vehicle appeared on the horizon. As it approached, the villagers strained their eyes to make out the figure stepping out. A wave of excitement rustled through the crowd when they realized it was Jianguo. Long’s heart skipped a beat, and he shuffled forward with a hopeful gaze. Jianguo, carrying a heavy suitcase, called out affectionately to his father as he hurried toward him. The old faces around Long glowed with smiles and soft chatter erupted once again. Long’s heart fluttered with joy as the loneliness melted away like snow under the sun.   At the sight of this scene, tears welled up in Long’s eyes. He embraced Jianguo tightly, the warmth of his son’s presence easing the cold that had gripped his heart for so long. “I’m here to celebrate the New Year with you, Father,” Jianguo said, his voice full of warmth and sincerity. Long nodded, happiness dancing in his eyes. He realized that family was not about the place, but about being together with loved ones. The other villagers watched on, and their hearts filled with renewed hope for reunions of their own.   【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。寒风凛冽，村民们都冻透了。老人们聚在村口大树下晒太阳，盼望着新年到来时孩子们能回家。他们的眼神充满了期待，但一次次失望。有人问龙，他的儿子今年是否回家，龙回答儿子忙于生意。一辆巴士停在村口，龙满怀希望，但下车的不是他的儿子，老人们的希望再次破灭，只剩下孤独和期盼。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“就在这时，另一辆车出现在地平线上。”可知，第一段可以描写老人在期待中失落和再次燃起希望的心情，以及儿子建国下车后走近的场景。 ②由第二段句首内容“看到这一幕，龙的眼睛里涌满了泪水。”可知，第二段可以描写龙与儿子的重聚，以及礼物的象征意义，升华故事中的情感主题。 2.续写线索：另一辆车出现—看到建国走来—眼睛里涌满了泪水—拥抱着建国—幸福 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①靠近：approach/ get close to ②看清：make out/ see clearly ③出现：erupt/ appear 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitement/ thrill ②深情地： affectionately/ fondly 【点睛】【高分句型1】As it approached, the villagers strained their eyes to make out the figure stepping out. ( 运用了As引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Jianguo, carrying a heavy suitcase, called out affectionately to his father as he hurried toward him. ( 运用了非谓语动词carrying作状语、as引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$