精品解析：陕西省咸阳市乾县晨光中学2024-2025学年高一上学期第二次月考英语试卷

2024-2025学年乾县晨光中学高一第二次月考 英语试卷 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1、答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the meeting be held? A. On the 21st. B. On the 22nd. C. On the 23rd. 2. What did the woman do last night? A. She watched a game. B She reviewed her lessons. C. She attended a party. 3. Why was the man’s letter returned? A. He didn’t pay enough postage. B. He wrote a wrong name. C. He put a wrong address. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man’s dad. B. A bike race. C. The man’s bike 5. What is the man’s purpose of talking to the woman? A. To invite her to a film. B. To talk about a film review. C. To express his interest in fashion. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman call the man? A. To give him a discount on his order. B. To apologize to him. C. To thank him. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He will be charged less. B. He is grateful to the woman. C. He is going to cancel his order. 听第7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。 8. What do the speakers say about the last candidate? A. Her university results were ordinary. B. She is willing to help others. C. She has rich experience. 9. What do the speakers care about most? A. Work experience. B. Educational background. C. Motivation for the work. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12 题。 10. Where does the woman have breakfast? A At her home. B. In the school canteen. C. At a food stand. 11. What is the woman’s opinion about the food in the school canteen? A. It’s her favorite. B. It isn’t to her taste. C. It isn’t sweet enough. 12. What do the speakers have in common? A. They like chocolate very much. B. They live with their parents. C. They have the same fruit. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至16 题。 13. Where is the man going? A. To the supermarket. B. To the recycling center. C. To the train station. 14. What color box does the man use for plastic? A. Black. B. Blue. C. Green. 15. What did the woman think of recycling at first? A. Unnecessary. B. Meaningful. C. Easy. 16. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man’s mother will start recycling. B. Most people still ignore the importance of recycling. C. The man thinks a small act can make a big difference. 听第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 题。 17. Who is the youngest person to sail non-stop around the world alone? A. Jessica Watson. B. Jesse Martin. C. Janet Gordon. 18. When did Jordan climb Mount Qomolangma? A. In 1993. B. In 1996. C. In 2010. 19. What led Jordan to make his attempt? A. His parents. B. A picture. C. A book. 20. What is people’s attitude to Jordan’s climb up Mount Qomolangma? A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Indifferent. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Get A Bird’s-Eye View Of The World’s Most Attractive Feathered Animals With These Books A World on the Wing Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, £35. Around the World in 80 Birds Inspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans-Himalayan journey at an extreme altitude. Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake Laurence King Publishing, £38 Flamingo Biologist and photographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet lands and forests of his native Mexico-and beyond-to feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty. teNeues, £28 Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross (信天翁) This is their clever and amusing account. Bradt Guides, £21. 1. Who illustrates the most expensive book? A. Claudio Contreras Koob. B. Ryuto Miyake. C. Mike Unwin. D. Weidensaul. 2. Which book best suits those who are interested in red-feathered birds? A. Flamingo. B. Around the World in 80 Birds. C. A World on the Wing. D. Galapagos Islands of Birds. 3. How is Galapagos Crusoes A Year Alone with the Birds different from three other books? A. It gives a description of birds. B. It was shortlisted for a prize. C. It was written by a biologist. D. It has updated the content. B The Sahara Desert is unsurprisingly seen as a wasteland. But actually there is a variety of life forms, according to André Vicente Liz, a doctoral candidate at the University of Porto in Portugal, who led a study exploring Saharan animal species. In the desert, cold-blooded creatures grow well because their body temperatures adjust to the temperature of their surroundings as they move from intense sunlight into cool underground holes. Liz has observed many small lizard (蜥蜴) species along with snakes, beetles, ants, and even frogs. Besides them, antelopes, camels, cheetahs and desert foxes are just some of the warm-blooded animals that can survive in the Sahara. But what leads to the vast biodiversity of the Sahara? One factor is the big changes in the desert’s climate. About 6,000 years ago, there was abundant rainfall in certain areas of the Sahara. Grasslands and lakes made ideal living places for animals and humans. Due to climate changes, the grasslands changed to a desert later, which made it impossible for humans to exist there. However, many animals still survived there. Another one is its diverse landscapes. There are some areas, such as rock pools known as “gueltas”, where biodiversity is especially high because they act as shelter for species that have to flee from their habitats due to a sudden, intolerable change in weather. In the face of climate change, Liz and his colleagues are studying “gueltas” closely to find out what makes them good spots for survival. “These areas are known as gathering places for biodiversity and are especially interesting for conservation planning in the current context of climate emergency, where they can play a key role in supporting various species,” Liz said. Deserts may seem lifeless, but in fact many species have developed special ways to survive in the tough environments. 4. What did Liz find about the Sahara Desert? A. It is home to diverse creatures. B. It has rows of underground holes. C. It is experiencing a great change in climate. D. It has a longer history than previously thought. 5. Why can “gueltas” act as shelter? A They are abundant in life forms. B. They are usually near animals’ habitats. C. They are less affected by climate change. D. They are rock pools with high biodiversity. 6. What does André Vicente Liz probably think of studying “gueltas”? A. Boring. B. Meaningful. C. Challenging. D. Creative. 7. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text? A. ①-②③-④⑤ B. ①②③-④⑤ C. ①-②-③④-⑤ D. ①②-③④⑤ C Engaging your brain actively at work can benefit you in more ways than just advancing your career — it may also safeguard your cognitive (认知的) abilities and help prevent dementia (痴呆症) as you get older, a new study found. The study, published in Neurology, analyzed health and occupational data on 7,000 Norwegians who were followed from their 30s until they retired in their 60s. “Many other studies on this topic have looked at the most recent jobs that people have,” said lead author Dr. Trine Edwin, a researcher at University of Oslo, “but due to the national database we have in Norway, we were able to follow people over much of their lifetimes.” To do the analysis, Edwin categorized the cognitive demands of 305 occupations in Norway. More cognitively demanding jobs were not based on routine tasks, even though repetition was required at times. “There were lawyers, doctors, accountants, and people in public service in this group, but the most common occupation was teaching,” Edwin said, “as effective communication outside of the classroom and school matters. It always depends on teachers’ understandings of students’ different situations and teachers’ empathy.” Having a routine job with little mental stimulation during your 30s, 40s, 50s and 60s is linked to a 66% higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (损伤) and a 37% greater risk of dementia after the age of 70, when compared with having an occupation — that requires more complex thinking. “The occupational environment is paramount in promoting cognitive well-being.” said Edwin. “Similarly, just like we can use physical exercise to grow and maintain our muscles, exercising our brain through more challenging work assignments seems to help fight dementia.” “While I’d guess that people at risk for dementia would be well served by taking advantage of professional advancement opportunities, learning new job tasks, and refining (改进) their skills at work over a period of time, further studies will need to clarify which specific activities have the most brain healthy benefits,” Edwin added. 8. Why is Edwin’s research remarkable? A. Because it focused on emerging industries. B. Because it tracked a long-term occupation impact. C. Because it only studied Norwegians of a certain age. D. Because it drew much inspiration from past studies. 9. What makes teaching a cognitively demanding job? A. The complete lack of repetitive tasks. B. The number of students and parents. C. The harmonious relationship it creates. D. The emotional labor it involves. 10. What does “paramount” underlined in paragraph 4 mean? A. Vital. B. Urgent. C. Realistic. D. Sufficient. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. activities that can refine people’s skills at work. B. A recommendation for future research directions. C. Tips for people who want professional advancement. D. Disadvantages of routine jobs that need further proof. D We live in an important time for language revitalization (复兴). More than half the world’s languages are in danger of being swallowed by dominant languages within this century. That’s why the United Nations declared 2022 - 2032 the International Decade of Indigenous (本土的) Languages. But turning the trend of language extinction is no easy task. We know that to keep languages alive, we have to create an immersive environment. A good example of the immersion method is “language nests”, where little kids and other beginners learn from fluent elders on a regular basis. One of the first language nests was started in New Zealand in 1982 by Maori elders who worried that their language, culture, and even pride were disappearing. The elders decided to teach children their native tongue through culturally relevant song and play. The language nest model was so successful that it migrated to Hawaii and then throughout the world. Language nests are typically physical spaces but can also be found online. While immersion programs can have excellent outcomes, they require significant funding and resources to remain sustainable over time. The lack of capacity makes it hard: not enough content, training, and teachers. People don’t realize the cost of revitalizing languages and what it would cost to run entire educational systems in these languages. To establish the institutions, to train the people, and to make sure the proper techniques are in place to write and read in the languages are huge challenges. Areas where one indigenous language has the most influence — such as Maori or Hawaiian may have an advantage because they begin with a fairly large speaker base and can focus funding, teacher training, and resources on that language. But countries with a high level of language diversity face a serious challenge. However, whatever it takes, it’s worthwhile for communities to preserve their ancestral tongues for generations to come. 12. What’s a language nest? A. It’s the cultural contents a language carries. B. It’s a place where diverse languages are spoken. C. It’s an immersive language learning environment D. It’s an area whose indigenous language is endangered. 13. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the immersion programs? A. Their popularity. B. Their significance. C. Their challenges. D. Their consequences. 14. As for language revitalization, which area is disadvantaged? A. An area where funding is evenly distributed. B. An area with a high level of language diversity. C. An area with a passion for multiple ancestral tongues. D. An area where one indigenous language has the greatest influence. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. Revitalizing Rare Languages B. Adopting Language Nests C. Swallowing Minor Languages D. Creating New Language Programs 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every day, whether we’re aware of it or not, our lives are governed by habits. ____16____ This has something to do with our brain activities. When we learn to do something for the first time, we have to consciously think about it. During this stage, a certain part of the brain makes a decision to perform and concentrate on this task. Then, another part of the brain responds to the decision, instructs our body to make the relevant movements, and memorizes the movement pattern. ____17____ As we repeat this process, the brain works less, which means we no longer have to consciously think about how to do it. Thus the task gradually becomes automatic — in other words, a habit. ____18____ The answer is triggers (诱因). The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior. ____19____ For example, when we wake up, we get up and start the day. In this case, the trigger is waking up. Bad habits are kicked off by triggers too. Procrastination (拖延) is one of the habitual responses to stress: when faced with a difficult task, some people simply start doing something else to avoid it. Habits, especially the bad ones, are usually hard to break. ____20____ Remember that habits take time to form, so patience and consistency are crucial. With dedication and understanding, you can unlock the potential for personal growth and positive change through the power of habits. A. But how are they developed? B. Habits are not developed in a day or two. C. Triggers play a very important part in our life. D. What drives us to perform habitual actions, then? E. There are thousands of such triggers in our lives. F. The brain enjoys a reward when the task is completed. G. But once we know the triggers, we can try to make a change. 第三部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Beong-Soo Kim and his wife have played hour-long porch(门廊)concerts every ___21___ since the stay-at-home order began on March 19. But rather than ___22___ at the same time every Saturday or Sunday, they've decided to go without a ___23___ schedule. “Frankly, we're kind of ___24___ to set a time because, you know, we don't want too many ___25___ to come for social distancing reasons,” Kim explained. But ___26___ they do decide to play, their neighbors from across the street pull out their chairs and ___27___ what is surely one of the only in-person live performances they've ___28___ in months. “Even though it's obviously a great neighborhood, there are still a lot of people who don't ___29___ each other here,” Laura Fleming, Kim's neighbor, said. Fleming attributes this broken community to the fact that many Pasadena kids go to different elementary and high schools, so families tend to build a community based on ___30___. “I think that through this period, something like this has made our community much ___31___,” Fleming said. When asked if the porch concerts will ___32___ when the pandemic(流行病)ends Kim said, “Honestly, probably not. It's just something that we're trying to do for people during this particularly difficult time.” But Fleming insists one thing will continue — a new sense of ___33___. “We don't know how we're going to resume(重新开始)some normal states. ___34___, we can have a try to find ways to come together more as a community,” Fleming said. “Something like concerts has given us ___35___ to know more of our neighbors.” 21 A. holiday B. evening C. weekend D. morning 22. A. practicing B. playing C. talking D. competing 23. A. regular B. tight C. flexible D. different 24. A. confused B. hesitant C. bored D. discouraged 25. A. kids B. relatives C. neighbors D. elders 26. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. Whichever 27. A. record B. give C. assess D. watch 28. A. experienced B. complained C. organized D. examined 29. A. help B. see C. know D. comfort 30. A. schools B. friendship C. nations D. hobbies 31. A. noisier B. wealthier C. tidier D. closer 32. A. stop B. continue C. succeed D. delay 33. A. love B. team C. responsibility D. community 34. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Finally 35. A. opportunities B. benefits C. abilities D. services 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个词（冠词，介词，代词或连词），或在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 With its landscape of plateaus (高原) bound by mountains, Shanxi province in North China is regarded as being associated with fields of wheat and iconic (标志性的) wheat products. Daoxiao noodles is one of the most popular ____36____(dish) there. This dish____37____ (date) back to China’s Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368), so this type of well-received noodles has a long history. ____38____ (make) Daoxiao noodles, hold the dough (面团) with one hand, and on the other hand, using a sharp knife that’s____39____ (specific) made, slice the noodles into a pot of boiling water. ____40____the locals put it, some of the most skilled chefs can slice up to 200 noodles a minute. At restaurants, customers often watch in amazement as____41____ (talent) chefs perform a dance while making lamian, which means pulled noodles. The chefs swing the noodles around with elegance as they stretch longer and longer, thinner and thinner before finally landing into the pot____42____ boiling. There is always thunderous (雷鸣般的) applause for____43____ routines. In the city of Taiyuan, capital of Shanxi province, any number of fine restaurants can____44____ (find) serving up delicacies (美食) from across the country such as from Sichuan and Hunan. But it is the Shanxi food _____45_____really gets most people to have a big appetite. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom即将来你校做交换生，他对中国文化感兴趣，想报名参加你校课后社团，寻求你的建议。请给他回信，内容包括： 1.推荐的社团和理由； 2.参加所推荐社团的准备工作和注意事项。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Summer I Learned to Really See It was a muggy(闷热)end-of-summer dog day in Missouri. I was preparing to go after the mail—about a mile's distance, through fields and forests, across a river, from our farmhouse, in which three generations of my family lived. “Take the bucket with you,” my grandmother said, handing me the very familiar bucket. “What for?” I asked, petulantly(使小性子). The berries had been picked, and it was too early for wild grapes, too late for roasting ears(穗). “You'll find something to fill it with,” she said, her blue eyes sparkling with anticipation. I didn't want to take the bucket. It would be a burden to me. Twice a day I'd carried a bucket for milking. With it I'd carried feed to the chickens, salt to the cows, sugar to the neighbors. I'd had enough with carrying with the bucket! Nevertheless, I took the bucket. Halfway to the mailbox, I set it down beneath a pokeberry bush(胡桃树). I needn't carry it the whole way, I reasoned. There was no mail. When I got back to the bucket, I saw that a few ripe pokeberries had fallen into it. With childish ill humor, I picked off enough clusters(花串) to fill the bucket, even though I thought they were good for nothing. “Aren't they just lovely!” Grandma exclaimed admiringly when I set them on the kitchen table. She squeezed out the juice of the berries and we used the lovely red ink to paint rings on our fingers and pen letters to distant cousins. When I went to mail the letters the next day, Grandma again told me to take the bucket along. This time I carried the bucket a little farther than the previous day before setting it down. There was only a sale catalogue in the mail. When I got back to the bucket, I dropped it in. But I felt vaguely uncomfortable, remembering the pokeberries. I caught sight of a bunch of peppermint(薄荷) growing close to the path. Funny, I had passed it every day and never noticed it before. Peppermint just doesn't spring up overnight. I picked a bucketful, its fragrance seeming to cool the day. Grandma was pleased with the peppermint. She liked to chew it and make tea with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 The daily routine to take the bucket along was repeated for weeks, and I began to see more. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day when I went home, I didn't have anything in the bucket. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-20BBACABAACCBABCACACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年乾县晨光中学高一第二次月考 英语试卷 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1、答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the meeting be held? A. On the 21st. B. On the 22nd. C. On the 23rd. 2. What did the woman do last night? A. She watched a game. B. She reviewed her lessons. C. She attended a party. 3. Why was the man’s letter returned? A. He didn’t pay enough postage. B. He wrote a wrong name. C. He put a wrong address. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man’s dad. B. A bike race. C. The man’s bike 5. What is the man’s purpose of talking to the woman? A. To invite her to a film. B. To talk about a film review. C. To express his interest in fashion. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman call the man? A. To give him a discount on his order. B. To apologize to him. C. To thank him. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He will be charged less. B. He is grateful to the woman. C. He is going to cancel his order. 听第7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。 8. What do the speakers say about the last candidate? A. Her university results were ordinary. B. She is willing to help others. C. She has rich experience. 9. What do the speakers care about most? A. Work experience. B. Educational background. C. Motivation for the work. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12 题。 10. Where does the woman have breakfast? A. At her home. B. In the school canteen. C. At a food stand. 11. What is the woman’s opinion about the food in the school canteen? A. It’s her favorite. B. It isn’t to her taste. C. It isn’t sweet enough. 12. What do the speakers have in common? A. They like chocolate very much. B. They live with their parents. C. They have the same fruit. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至16 题。 13. Where is the man going? A. To the supermarket. B. To the recycling center. C. To the train station. 14. What color box does the man use for plastic? A. Black. B. Blue. C. Green. 15. What did the woman think of recycling at first? A. Unnecessary. B. Meaningful. C. Easy. 16. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man’s mother will start recycling. B. Most people still ignore the importance of recycling. C. The man thinks a small act can make a big difference. 听第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 题。 17. Who is the youngest person to sail non-stop around the world alone? A. Jessica Watson. B. Jesse Martin. C. Janet Gordon. 18. When did Jordan climb Mount Qomolangma? A. In 1993. B. In 1996. C. In 2010. 19. What led Jordan to make his attempt? A. His parents. B. A picture. C. A book. 20. What is people’s attitude to Jordan’s climb up Mount Qomolangma? A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Indifferent. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Get A Bird’s-Eye View Of The World’s Most Attractive Feathered Animals With These Books A World on the Wing Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, £35. Around the World in 80 Birds Inspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans-Himalayan journey at an extreme altitude. Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake Laurence King Publishing, £38 Flamingo Biologist and photographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet lands and forests of his native Mexico-and beyond-to feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty. teNeues, £28 Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross (信天翁) This is their clever and amusing account. Bradt Guides, £21. 1. Who illustrates the most expensive book? A. Claudio Contreras Koob. B. Ryuto Miyake. C. Mike Unwin. D. Weidensaul. 2. Which book best suits those who are interested in red-feathered birds? A. Flamingo. B. Around the World in 80 Birds. C. A World on the Wing. D. Galapagos Islands of Birds. 3. How is Galapagos Crusoes A Year Alone with the Birds different from three other books? A. It gives a description of birds. B. It was shortlisted for a prize. C. It was written by a biologist. D. It has updated the content. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本与鸟类有关书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Around the World in 80 Birds部分中描述的“Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake. Laurence King Publishing, £38.”（Mike Unwin的旅行伴随着三宅龙的美丽插图。劳伦斯·金出版社，38英镑。）可知，由Ryuto Miyake插画的《八十只鸟环游世界》最贵。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Flamingo部分中描述的“This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty.”（这本书为了解红羽毛鸟类的行为和生活提供了一个独特的窗口，有120多张令人惊叹的照片展示了它们的美丽。）可知，《火烈鸟》这本书最适合那些对红色羽毛的鸟类感兴趣的人。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds部分中的描述“Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June.”（探索已故鸟类专家Bryan Nelson在1968年出版的《加拉帕戈斯群岛鸟类》的更新版本，以及他妻子June之前未发表的材料。）可知，该书的内容有更新过，这是与文中提到的另外三本书不同的地方。故选D项。 B The Sahara Desert is unsurprisingly seen as a wasteland. But actually there is a variety of life forms, according to André Vicente Liz, a doctoral candidate at the University of Porto in Portugal, who led a study exploring Saharan animal species. In the desert, cold-blooded creatures grow well because their body temperatures adjust to the temperature of their surroundings as they move from intense sunlight into cool underground holes. Liz has observed many small lizard (蜥蜴) species along with snakes, beetles, ants, and even frogs. Besides them, antelopes, camels, cheetahs and desert foxes are just some of the warm-blooded animals that can survive in the Sahara. But what leads to the vast biodiversity of the Sahara? One factor is the big changes in the desert’s climate. About 6,000 years ago, there was abundant rainfall in certain areas of the Sahara. Grasslands and lakes made ideal living places for animals and humans. Due to climate changes, the grasslands changed to a desert later, which made it impossible for humans to exist there. However, many animals still survived there. Another one is its diverse landscapes. There are some areas, such as rock pools known as “gueltas”, where biodiversity is especially high because they act as shelter for species that have to flee from their habitats due to a sudden, intolerable change in weather. In the face of climate change, Liz and his colleagues are studying “gueltas” closely to find out what makes them good spots for survival. “These areas are known as gathering places for biodiversity and are especially interesting for conservation planning in the current context of climate emergency, where they can play a key role in supporting various species,” Liz said. Deserts may seem lifeless, but in fact many species have developed special ways to survive in the tough environments. 4. What did Liz find about the Sahara Desert? A. It is home to diverse creatures. B. It has rows of underground holes. C. It is experiencing a great change in climate. D. It has a longer history than previously thought. 5. Why can “gueltas” act as shelter? A. They are abundant in life forms. B. They are usually near animals’ habitats. C. They are less affected by climate change. D. They are rock pools with high biodiversity. 6. What does André Vicente Liz probably think of studying “gueltas”? A. Boring. B. Meaningful. C. Challenging. D. Creative. 7. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text? A. ①-②③-④⑤ B. ①②③-④⑤ C. ①-②-③④-⑤ D. ①②-③④⑤ 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。沙漠虽然看起来是不适合生物生存的不毛之地，但实际上却生活着多种多样的动物，文章分析了其背后的原因。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But actually there is a variety of life forms, according to André Vicente Liz, a doctoral candidate at the University of Porto in Portugal, who led a study exploring Saharan animal species.(但葡萄牙波尔图大学的博士生André Vicente Liz表示，沙漠中实际上存在着多种生命形式，他领导了一项探索撒哈拉动物物种的研究)”可知，Liz在对撒哈拉沙漠的研究中发现这里生活着许多生物，与A选项描述相符。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“There are some areas, such as rock pools known as “gueltas”, where biodiversity is especially high because they act as shelter for species that have to flee from their habitats due to a sudden, intolerable change in weather.(在某些地区，比如被称为“gueltas”的岩池，生物多样性特别高，因为它们是许多物种的庇护所，这些物种由于天气突如其来、无法忍受的变化而不得不逃离栖息地)”和“These areas are known as gathering places for biodiversity and are especially interesting for conservation planning in the current context of climate emergency, where they can play a key role in supporting various species.(这些地区被称为生物多样性的聚集地，在当前气候变化的紧急情况下，对于保护规划来说尤其有趣，它们可以在支持物种多样性方面发挥关键作用)”可知，名为gueltas的岩池之所以能成为生物的庇护所，就在于它们相比其他地区更不容易受到气候变化的影响。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中引述Liz的原话“These areas are known as gathering places for biodiversity and are especially interesting for conservation planning in the current context of climate emergency, where they can play a key role in supporting various species(这些地区被称为生物多样性的聚集地，在当前气候变化的紧急情况下，对于保护规划来说尤其有趣，它们可以在支持物种多样性方面发挥关键作用)”可知，Liz和同事对所谓的gueltas地区进行研究，是因为这些地区对于保护生物多样性十分重要，显然他觉得这些研究是有意义的。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。浏览全文，文章在首段先以“But actually there is a variety of life forms(但事实上撒哈拉沙漠中有各种各样的生物形式)”给出了文章主题，即点明撒哈拉沙漠其实是许多物种的栖息地；第二段则列举出大量的物种作为事实，并在最后一句“But what leads to the vast biodiversity of the Sahara?(但是是什么使得撒哈拉沙漠中生物如此多样呢)”设问引出下文对原因的阐述；第三段“One factor is the big changes in the desert’s climate(一个因素是沙漠的气候发生了巨大改变)”和第四段“Another one is its diverse landscapes(另一个因素则是沙漠中多样化的环境)”分别就两方面因素做出了详细解释；最后一段“Deserts may seem lifeless, but in fact many species have developed special ways to survive in the tough environments.(沙漠可能看起来毫无生气，但实际上有许多物种都发展出了在这样艰难的环境下生存的特殊方法)”则做了总结，呼应首段点出的主题。文章结构与C选项相符。故选C。 C Engaging your brain actively at work can benefit you in more ways than just advancing your career — it may also safeguard your cognitive (认知的) abilities and help prevent dementia (痴呆症) as you get older, a new study found. The study, published in Neurology, analyzed health and occupational data on 7,000 Norwegians who were followed from their 30s until they retired in their 60s. “Many other studies on this topic have looked at the most recent jobs that people have,” said lead author Dr. Trine Edwin, a researcher at University of Oslo, “but due to the national database we have in Norway, we were able to follow people over much of their lifetimes.” To do the analysis, Edwin categorized the cognitive demands of 305 occupations in Norway. More cognitively demanding jobs were not based on routine tasks, even though repetition was required at times. “There were lawyers, doctors, accountants, and people in public service in this group, but the most common occupation was teaching,” Edwin said, “as effective communication outside of the classroom and school matters. It always depends on teachers’ understandings of students’ different situations and teachers’ empathy.” Having a routine job with little mental stimulation during your 30s, 40s, 50s and 60s is linked to a 66% higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (损伤) and a 37% greater risk of dementia after the age of 70, when compared with having an occupation — that requires more complex thinking. “The occupational environment is paramount in promoting cognitive well-being.” said Edwin. “Similarly, just like we can use physical exercise to grow and maintain our muscles, exercising our brain through more challenging work assignments seems to help fight dementia.” “While I’d guess that people at risk for dementia would be well served by taking advantage of professional advancement opportunities, learning new job tasks, and refining (改进) their skills at work over a period of time, further studies will need to clarify which specific activities have the most brain healthy benefits,” Edwin added. 8. Why is Edwin’s research remarkable? A. Because it focused on emerging industries. B. Because it tracked a long-term occupation impact. C. Because it only studied Norwegians of a certain age. D. Because it drew much inspiration from past studies. 9. What makes teaching a cognitively demanding job? A. The complete lack of repetitive tasks. B. The number of students and parents. C. The harmonious relationship it creates. D. The emotional labor it involves. 10. What does “paramount” underlined in paragraph 4 mean? A. Vital. B. Urgent. C. Realistic. D. Sufficient. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. activities that can refine people’s skills at work. B. A recommendation for future research directions. C. Tips for people who want professional advancement. D. Disadvantages of routine jobs that need further proof. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项新的研究发现，让大脑积极工作不仅能促进你的事业发展，还能随着年龄的增长，保护人们的认知能力，并有助于预防痴呆症。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The study, published in Neurology, analyzed health and occupational data on 7,000 Norwegians who were followed from their 30s until they retired in their 60s.(这项发表在《神经学》杂志上的研究分析了7000名挪威人的健康和职业数据，这些人从30多岁开始一直被跟踪到60多岁退休。)”可知，不同于大多数同类研究，这项研究分析了7000名挪威人的健康和职业数据，时间覆盖了这些人的30至60岁，由此可知，该研究追踪了职业的长期影响。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““There were lawyers, doctors, accountants, and people in public service in this group, but the most common occupation was teaching,” Edwin said, “as effective communication outside of the classroom and school matters. It always depends on teachers’ understandings of students’ different situations and teachers’ empathy.”(“这个群体中有律师、医生、会计和公共服务人员，但最常见的职业是教师，”埃德温说，“因为课堂和学校之外的有效沟通很重要。”这总是取决于教师对学生不同情况的理解和教师的同理心。”)”可知，老师需要经常与学生和家长交流，即教师这一职业需要对家长和学生产生共情，使其成为对认知要求较大的工作。故选D。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Having a routine job with little mental stimulation during your 30s, 40s, 50s and 60s is linked to a 66% higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (损伤) and a 37% greater risk of dementia after the age of 70, when compared with having an occupation — that requires more complex thinking.(与需要更复杂思维的职业相比，在30多岁、40多岁、50多岁和60多岁做一份没有什么精神刺激的常规工作，患轻度认知障碍的风险要高出66%，70岁后患痴呆症的风险要高出37%。)”可知，没有什么精神刺激的常规工作会提高患上轻度认知障碍和痴呆症的风险，即职业环境在促进认知健康方面是至关重要的，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“重要的”意义相近。故选 A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据尾段中的““While I’d guess that people at risk for dementia would be well served by taking advantage of professional advancement opportunities, learning new job tasks, and refining (改进) their skills at work over a period of time, further studies will need to clarify which specific activities have the most brain healthy benefits,” Edwin added.(Edwin补充说：“虽然我认为有痴呆症风险的人可以通过利用职业发展机会，学习新的工作任务，并在一段时间内提高他们的工作技能来得到很好的服务，但进一步的研究需要澄清哪些特定的活动对大脑健康最有好处。”)”可知，Edwin认为，虽然有痴呆症风险的人可以从一些行为中受益，但还需要进一步的研究来阐明哪些特定的活动对大脑健康最有好处，即指出了未来的研究方向。故选B。 D We live in an important time for language revitalization (复兴). More than half the world’s languages are in danger of being swallowed by dominant languages within this century. That’s why the United Nations declared 2022 - 2032 the International Decade of Indigenous (本土的) Languages. But turning the trend of language extinction is no easy task. We know that to keep languages alive, we have to create an immersive environment. A good example of the immersion method is “language nests”, where little kids and other beginners learn from fluent elders on a regular basis. One of the first language nests was started in New Zealand in 1982 by Maori elders who worried that their language, culture, and even pride were disappearing. The elders decided to teach children their native tongue through culturally relevant song and play. The language nest model was so successful that it migrated to Hawaii and then throughout the world. Language nests are typically physical spaces but can also be found online. While immersion programs can have excellent outcomes, they require significant funding and resources to remain sustainable over time. The lack of capacity makes it hard: not enough content, training, and teachers. People don’t realize the cost of revitalizing languages and what it would cost to run entire educational systems in these languages. To establish the institutions, to train the people, and to make sure the proper techniques are in place to write and read in the languages are huge challenges. Areas where one indigenous language has the most influence — such as Maori or Hawaiian may have an advantage because they begin with a fairly large speaker base and can focus funding, teacher training, and resources on that language. But countries with a high level of language diversity face a serious challenge. However, whatever it takes, it’s worthwhile for communities to preserve their ancestral tongues for generations to come. 12. What’s a language nest? A. It’s the cultural contents a language carries. B. It’s a place where diverse languages are spoken. C. It’s an immersive language learning environment D. It’s an area whose indigenous language is endangered. 13. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the immersion programs? A. Their popularity. B. Their significance. C. Their challenges. D. Their consequences. 14. As for language revitalization, which area is disadvantaged? A. An area where funding is evenly distributed. B. An area with a high level of language diversity. C. An area with a passion for multiple ancestral tongues. D. An area where one indigenous language has the greatest influence. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. Revitalizing Rare Languages B. Adopting Language Nests C. Swallowing Minor Languages D. Creating New Language Programs 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了语言复兴的重要性、挑战以及成功案例，如语言巢的推广。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“A good example of the immersion method is “language nests”, where little kids and other beginners learn from fluent elders on a regular basis.(沉浸式教学法的一个很好的例子是“语言巢”，小孩子和其他初学者定期从流利的长辈那里学习)”可知，语言巢是一个沉浸式的语言学习环境。故选C。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“While immersion programs can have excellent outcomes, they require significant funding and resources to remain sustainable over time. The lack of capacity makes it hard: not enough content, training, and teachers. People don’t realize the cost of revitalizing languages and what it would cost to run entire educational systems in these languages. To establish the institutions, to train the people, and to make sure the proper techniques are in place to write and read in the languages are huge challenges.(虽然沉浸式课程可以有很好的效果，但它们需要大量的资金和资源来保持可持续发展。能力的缺乏使其变得困难：没有足够的内容、培训和教师。人们没有意识到振兴语言的成本，也没有意识到用这些语言运行整个教育系统的成本。建立机构，培训人员，并确保适当的技术到位，用这些语言书写和阅读是巨大的挑战)”可知，第4段主要告诉我们关于沉浸式课程面临的挑战。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“But countries with a high level of language diversity face a serious challenge.(但是，语言高度多样化的国家面临着严峻的挑战)”可知，在语言振兴方面，语言多样性程度高的地区处于劣势。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“More than half the world’s languages are in danger of being swallowed by dominant languages within this century. That’s why the United Nations declared 2022 - 2032 the International Decade of Indigenous (本土的) Languages.(在本世纪内，世界上一半以上的语言有被主流语言吞噬的危险。这就是为什么联合国宣布2022-2032年为国际土著语言十年)”结合文章主要讲的是复兴稀有语言，可知，A选项“振兴稀有语言”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every day, whether we’re aware of it or not, our lives are governed by habits. ____16____ This has something to do with our brain activities. When we learn to do something for the first time, we have to consciously think about it. During this stage, a certain part of the brain makes a decision to perform and concentrate on this task. Then, another part of the brain responds to the decision, instructs our body to make the relevant movements, and memorizes the movement pattern. ____17____ As we repeat this process, the brain works less, which means we no longer have to consciously think about how to do it. Thus the task gradually becomes automatic — in other words, a habit. ____18____ The answer is triggers (诱因). The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior. ____19____ For example, when we wake up, we get up and start the day. In this case, the trigger is waking up. Bad habits are kicked off by triggers too. Procrastination (拖延) is one of the habitual responses to stress: when faced with a difficult task, some people simply start doing something else to avoid it. Habits, especially the bad ones, are usually hard to break. ____20____ Remember that habits take time to form, so patience and consistency are crucial. With dedication and understanding, you can unlock the potential for personal growth and positive change through the power of habits. A. But how are they developed? B. Habits are not developed in a day or two. C. Triggers play a very important part in our life. D. What drives us to perform habitual actions, then? E. There are thousands of such triggers in our lives. F. The brain enjoys a reward when the task is completed. G. But once we know the triggers, we can try to make a change. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了习惯形成过程及如何改变不良习惯。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Every day, whether we’re aware of it or not, our lives are governed by habits. (每天，无论我们是否意识到，我们的生活都在被习惯所支配)”以及下文“This has something to do with our brain activities. (这与我们的大脑活动有关)”可知，说明习惯支配我们的生活并且这与大脑活动有关，空处承上启下，引出下文对习惯形成过程的解释。所以A项“但它们是如何形成的呢？”符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据上文“When we learn to do something for the first time, we have to consciously think about it. During this stage, a certain part of the brain makes a decision to perform and concentrate on this task. Then, another part of the brain responds to the decision, instructs our body to make the relevant movements, and memorizes the movement pattern. (当我们第一次学习做某件事时，我们必须有意识地去思考它。在这个阶段，大脑的某个部分会做出执行并专注于这项任务的决定。随后，大脑的另一部分会对这个决定作出反应，指挥我们的身体进行相应的动作，并记住这些动作模式)”以及下文“As we repeat this process, the brain works less, which means we no longer have to consciously think about how to do it.Thus the task gradually becomes automatic — in other words, a habit. (随着我们不断重复这一过程，大脑的工作量逐渐减少，这意味着我们不再需要有意识地思考如何去做这件事。因此，任务逐渐变得自动化—换句话说，成为了一种习惯)”说明的是大脑对任务的处理过程，当大脑不再需要有意识地思考如何去做这件事时，就形成了习惯，所以空处应填当任务完成时，大脑是如何处理的。所以F项“当任务完成时，大脑会获得奖励”符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据下文“The answer is triggers. The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior. (答案是触发因素。大脑可以在几百毫秒内对触发因素作出反应，并启动一种习惯性行为)”可知，空处应是问句，是引出问题，是对下文答案的提问。所以D项“那么，是什么驱使我们执行习惯性的行为呢？”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The brain can respond to triggers within a few hundred milliseconds and kick off a habitual behavior (大脑可以在几百毫秒内对触发因素作出反应，并启动一种习惯性行为)”以及下文“For example, when we wake up, we get up and start the day. In this case, the trigger is waking up. Bad habits are kicked off by triggers too. (例如，当我们醒来时，我们会起床开始新的一天。在这种情况下，触发因素就是醒来。不良习惯也是由触发因素引发的)”可知，空处承上启下，与上文描绘的高频反应形成递进关系，并且引出下文的例子，说明生活中有许多诱因。所以E项“在我们的生活中存在着成千上万这样的触发因素”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The answer is triggers. (答案是触发因素)”“Habits, especially the bad ones, are usually hard to break. (习惯，特别是坏习惯，通常很难改掉)”以及下文“Remember that habits take time to form, so patience and consistency are crucial. With dedication and understanding, you can unlock the potential for personal growth and positive change through the power of habits. (请记住，习惯的形成需要时间，因此耐心和坚持至关重要。通过投入和理解，你可以通过习惯的力量解锁个人成长和积极变化的潜力)”可知，诱发不良习惯的因素有很多，当我们知道诱因的时候，可以通过自己去改变。所以G项“但是一旦我们知道触发因素是什么，我们就可以尝试做出改变”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Beong-Soo Kim and his wife have played hour-long porch(门廊)concerts every ___21___ since the stay-at-home order began on March 19. But rather than ___22___ at the same time every Saturday or Sunday, they've decided to go without a ___23___ schedule. “Frankly, we're kind of ___24___ to set a time because, you know, we don't want too many ___25___ to come for social distancing reasons,” Kim explained. But ___26___ they do decide to play, their neighbors from across the street pull out their chairs and ___27___ what is surely one of the only in-person live performances they've ___28___ in months. “Even though it's obviously a great neighborhood, there are still a lot of people who don't ___29___ each other here,” Laura Fleming, Kim's neighbor, said. Fleming attributes this broken community to the fact that many Pasadena kids go to different elementary and high schools, so families tend to build a community based on ___30___. “I think that through this period, something like this has made our community much ___31___,” Fleming said. When asked if the porch concerts will ___32___ when the pandemic(流行病)ends, Kim said, “Honestly, probably not. It's just something that we're trying to do for people during this particularly difficult time.” But Fleming insists one thing will continue — a new sense of ___33___. “We don't know how we're going to resume(重新开始)some normal states. ___34___, we can have a try to find ways to come together more as a community,” Fleming said. “Something like concerts has given us ___35___ to know more of our neighbors.” 21. A. holiday B. evening C. weekend D. morning 22. A. practicing B. playing C. talking D. competing 23. A. regular B. tight C. flexible D. different 24. A. confused B. hesitant C. bored D. discouraged 25. A. kids B. relatives C. neighbors D. elders 26. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. Whichever 27. A. record B. give C. assess D. watch 28. A. experienced B. complained C. organized D. examined 29. A. help B. see C. know D. comfort 30. A. schools B. friendship C. nations D. hobbies 31. A. noisier B. wealthier C. tidier D. closer 32. A. stop B. continue C. succeed D. delay 33. A. love B. team C. responsibility D. community 34. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Finally 35. A. opportunities B. benefits C. abilities D. services 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了自3月19日起，Beong-Soo Kim夫妇每个周末都要进行长达一小时的“门廊音乐会”。介绍了人们对这一举动的看法以及音乐会的意义。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自3月19日起，Beong-Soo Kim夫妇每个周末都要进行长达一小时的“门廊音乐会”。A. holiday假日；B. evening夜晚；C. weekend周末；D. morning早晨。根据后文“every Saturday or Sunday”可知音乐会是周末举行的。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是他们决定不定期演奏，而不是在每周六或周日的同一时间演奏。A. practicing练习；B. playing演奏，玩耍；C. talking谈话；D. competing竞争。根据上文“hour-long porch concerts”可知是指演奏音乐会，应用play。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们决定不定期演奏，而不是在每周六或周日的同一时间演奏。A. regular规律的；B. tight紧的；C. flexible灵活的；D. different不同的。根据后文“to set a time”可知此处指他们决定不定期演奏，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“坦白地说，我们有点犹豫要不要定一个时间，因为你知道，我们不想有太多邻居因为社交距离的原因来这里，”金解释说。A. confused困惑的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. bored无聊的；D. discouraged沮丧的。根据后文“to set a time because, you know, we don't want too many”可知他们对于要不要定期演奏还在犹豫之中。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“坦白地说，我们有点犹豫要不要定一个时间，因为你知道，我们不想有太多邻居因为社交距离的原因来这里，”金解释说。A. kids孩子；B. relatives亲戚；C. neighbors邻居；D. elders老人。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但每当他们决定表演时，街对面的邻居就会拉出椅子观看，这肯定是他们几个月来唯一一次亲身体验的现场表演。A. whatever无论什么；B. whenever无论何时，每当；C. wherever无论在哪里；D. whichever无论哪个。引导时间状语从句，表示“每当”应用whenever。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但每当他们决定表演时，街对面的邻居就会拉出椅子观看，这肯定是他们几个月来唯一一次亲身体验的现场表演。A. record记录；B. give给予；C. assess评定；D. watch观看。根据后文“what is surely one of the only in-person live performances”可知指观看演出，应用watch，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但每当他们决定表演时，街对面的邻居就会拉出椅子观看，这肯定是他们几个月来唯一一次亲身体验的现场表演。A. experienced经历；B. complained投诉；C. organized组织；D. examined检查。根据上文“in-person live performances they've”指亲身体验现场表演。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管它显然是一个很棒的社区，但仍然有很多人彼此不认识。A. help帮助；B. see看见；C. know知道，认识；D. comfort安慰。根据上文中“Even though it's obviously a great neighborhood, there are still a lot of people who don't”even though表示让步，可知很多人彼此不认识。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Fleming认为，帕萨迪纳市的许多孩子上的是不同的小学和高中，所以很多家庭倾向于建立以学校为基础的社区。A. schools学校；B. friendship友谊；C. nations国家；D. hobbies爱好。呼应上文“Pasadena kids go to different elementary and high schools”指很多家庭倾向于建立以学校为基础的社区。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Fleming说：“我认为，在这段时期，类似这样事情让我们的社区更加紧密。”A. noisier更嘈杂的；B. wealthier更富有的；C. tidier更整洁的；D. closer更靠近的。根据上文社区很多彼此不认识的人也来听音乐会，可知类似这样的事情让他们的社区更加紧密。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及疫情结束后门廊音乐会是否还会继续时，Kim表示：“老实说，可能不会。这只是我们在这个特别困难的时期试图为人们做的事情。”A. stop停止；B. continue继续；C. succeed成功；D. delay延迟。根据后文“when the pandemic ends”可知指被问及疫情结束后门廊音乐会是否还会继续，应用continue。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但弗莱明坚持认为，有一件事将继续下去——一种新的社区意识。A. love爱；B. team队伍；C. responsibility责任；D. community社区。呼应后文“we can have a try to find ways to come together more as a community”指新的社区意识将会继续下去。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们可以试着找到更多的方式来团结起来。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. However然而；D. Finally终于。上文提到不知道如何恢复一些正常状态，后文则说可以试着找到更多的方式来团结起来，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐会之类的活动让我们有机会更多地了解我们的邻居。A. opportunities机会；B. benefits利益；C. abilities能力；D. services服务。根据后文“to know more of our neighbors”可知指有机会了解邻居。故选A。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个词（冠词，介词，代词或连词），或在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 With its landscape of plateaus (高原) bound by mountains, Shanxi province in North China is regarded as being associated with fields of wheat and iconic (标志性的) wheat products. Daoxiao noodles is one of the most popular ____36____(dish) there. This dish____37____ (date) back to China’s Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368), so this type of well-received noodles has a long history. ____38____ (make) Daoxiao noodles, hold the dough (面团) with one hand, and on the other hand, using a sharp knife that’s____39____ (specific) made, slice the noodles into a pot of boiling water. ____40____the locals put it, some of the most skilled chefs can slice up to 200 noodles a minute. At restaurants, customers often watch in amazement as____41____ (talent) chefs perform a dance while making lamian, which means pulled noodles. The chefs swing the noodles around with elegance as they stretch longer and longer, thinner and thinner before finally landing into the pot____42____ boiling. There is always thunderous (雷鸣般的) applause for____43____ routines. In the city of Taiyuan, capital of Shanxi province, any number of fine restaurants can____44____ (find) serving up delicacies (美食) from across the country such as from Sichuan and Hunan. But it is the Shanxi food _____45_____really gets most people to have a big appetite. 【答案】36. dishes 37. dates 38. To make 39. specifically 40. As 41. talented 42. for 43. the 44. be found 45. that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山西刀削面的历史和做法。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：刀削面是那里最受欢迎的菜肴之一。分析句子可知，形容词“popular”后应用名词，作宾语，“dish”意为“菜肴”，为可数名词，“one of”后接可数名词复数“dishes”。故填dishes。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这道菜可以追溯到中国元朝（1271-1368），所以这种广受欢迎的面条有着悠久的历史。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“dish”后接动词三单形式“dates”。故填dates。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：要做刀削面，一只手拿着面团，另一只手用一把特制的锋利的刀，把面条削到一锅沸水里。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“hold”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，拿刀和面团是为了制作刀削面，故应用不定式“To make”作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To make。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：要做刀削面，一只手拿着面团，另一只手用一把特制的锋利的刀，把面条削到一锅沸水里。分析句子可知，“made”为动词，空格处应用副词，作状语，“specifically”意为“特意，专门地”，副词词性。故填specifically。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：正如当地人所说，一些最熟练厨师每分钟可以切200个面条。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“一些最熟练的厨师每分钟可以切200个面条”这件事，结合句意“正如”可知，应用关系代词“As”引导从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填As。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在餐馆里，顾客们经常惊讶地看着才华横溢的厨师在做拉面的同时跳舞。拉面的意思是拉扯面条。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“talented”意为“才华横溢的”，形容词词性。故填talented。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：厨师们优雅地摆动着面条，面条越来越长，越来越薄，最后落入锅中煮沸。根据句意可知，把面条放入锅里是为了煮沸，空格处应用介词“for”，意为“为了”。故填for。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这一套动作总是赢得雷鸣般的掌声。分析句子可知，句中特指上文提到的一套做面条的动作，故空格处应用定冠词“the”，表特指。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：在山西省省会太原市，可以找到许多高档餐厅，供应来自四川和湖南等全国各地的美食。根据句意可知，“restaurants”和“find”为被动关系，句子为情态动词的被动语态，空格处应用“be found”。故填be found。 【45题详解】 考查强调句。句意：但真正让大多数人胃口大开的是山西菜。分析句子可知，句子为强调句，“the Shanxi food”为被强调部分，指物，空格处应用“that”。故填that。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom即将来你校做交换生，他对中国文化感兴趣，想报名参加你校课后社团，寻求你的建议。请给他回信，内容包括： 1.推荐的社团和理由； 2.参加所推荐社团的准备工作和注意事项。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, Knowing that you will study in my school as an exchange student and are eager to sign up for one of our school’s after-school clubs I would like to recommend the Paper-cutting Club to you. The reasons for my recommendation are as follows. Firstly, by learning Chinese paper-cutting, not only can you appreciate a wide range of paper cuts, but also you can gain insights into Chinese culture. Besides, there is no doubt that you can experience the delight which cutting out paper cuts on your own brings. As for the preparation for the club, you are supposed to bring a pair of scissors and arrive on time as required. Hope you will like my recommendation and look forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Tom回信，对于他想报名参加学校课后社团一事提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 欣赏：appreciate→admire 此外：besides→what’s more 高兴：delight→happiness 喜欢：like→ enjoy 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The reasons for my recommendation are as follows. 拓展句：The reasons why I recommend it are as follows. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing that you will study in my school as an exchange student and are eager to sign up for one of our school’s after-school clubs, I would like to recommend the Paper-cutting Club to you.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]Besides, there is no doubt that you can experience the delight which cutting out paper cuts on your own brings.（运用了that引导的同位语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Summer I Learned to Really See It was a muggy(闷热)end-of-summer dog day in Missouri. I was preparing to go after the mail—about a mile's distance, through fields and forests, across a river, from our farmhouse, in which three generations of my family lived. “Take the bucket with you,” my grandmother said, handing me the very familiar bucket. “What for?” I asked, petulantly(使小性子). The berries had been picked, and it was too early for wild grapes, too late for roasting ears(穗). “You'll find something to fill it with,” she said, her blue eyes sparkling with anticipation. I didn't want to take the bucket. It would be a burden to me. Twice a day I'd carried a bucket for milking. With it I'd carried feed to the chickens, salt to the cows, sugar to the neighbors. I'd had enough with carrying with the bucket! Nevertheless, I took the bucket. Halfway to the mailbox, I set it down beneath a pokeberry bush(胡桃树). I needn't carry it the whole way, I reasoned. There was no mail. When I got back to the bucket, I saw that a few ripe pokeberries had fallen into it. With childish ill humor, I picked off enough clusters(花串) to fill the bucket, even though I thought they were good for nothing. “Aren't they just lovely!” Grandma exclaimed admiringly when I set them on the kitchen table. She squeezed out the juice of the berries and we used the lovely red ink to paint rings on our fingers and pen letters to distant cousins. When I went to mail the letters the next day, Grandma again told me to take the bucket along. This time I carried the bucket a little farther than the previous day before setting it down. There was only a sale catalogue in the mail. When I got back to the bucket, I dropped it in. But I felt vaguely uncomfortable, remembering the pokeberries. I caught sight of a bunch of peppermint(薄荷) growing close to the path. Funny, I had passed it every day and never noticed it before. Peppermint just doesn't spring up overnight. I picked a bucketful, its fragrance seeming to cool the day. Grandma was pleased with the peppermint. She liked to chew it and make tea with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。 The daily routine to take the bucket along was repeated for weeks, and I began to see more. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day when I went home, I didn't have anything in the bucket. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version: The daily routine to take the bucket along was repeated for weeks, and I began to see more. I saw the blue mist that gathered on our hillsides in late summer. I saw brilliantly red blossoms on a tree, shaped like a big, open umbrella waiting for autumn rain. I even saw the newly-hatched chicks snuggling tight with the mother bird. The father I went, the more I saw. Each day found a happy girl going back home with a bucket, either full with wild flowers or berries. Whatever I brought home with the bucket, I was greeted with Grandma’s chuckles and great admiration. One day when I went home, I didn’t have anything in the bucket. “I forgot about it when I saw the monarch butterfly migration.” Then I described to Grandma the amazing scene of thousands of beautiful butterflies drifting over to get where they wanted to go. My face radiated with joy and eyes glittered with excitement. Then I said sadly, “Sorry, Grandma, I didn’t bring you anything.” To my surprise, Grandma hugged me and said in a soft tone. “Sweetheart, you don’t need to fill in the bucket anymore when you learn to really see with your eyes.” 【解析】 【分析】本文以每次外出，奶奶都要求我带上桶为线索展开，讲述了作者最初不理解奶奶为什么要她外出时带上桶。刚开始，她只是随手捡一些花串，但奶奶很高兴，并且将她用桶带回的东西都能有效利用。后来，她看到好的东西就能随手放到桶里。即使有时什么也没有带回，因为她忙于观察路边的美景。其实奶奶的目的就是让她用眼睛去发现生活中的美。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“连续几周，我出去的时候都带着桶，我开始看的更多。”可知，第一段可描写作者慢慢地学会了观察沿路的风景。 ②由第二段首句内容“有一天，我回家的时候，桶里什么也没有装。”可知，第二段可描写作者向家人解说桶里没有东西的原因。 2.续写线索：带桶外出——学会观察——将装满东西的桶带回家——有效利用——将空桶带回家——解说原因——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①装满：be full of/ be filled with ②.欢迎：welcome / be greeted with ③.描绘：describe / account 情绪类 ①.高兴：with joy /with excitement ②.惊喜： to my surprise/feel surprised 【点睛】【[高分句型1]. Whatever I brought home with the bucket, I was greeted with Grandma’s chuckles and great admiration.（由Whatever引导的让步状语从句） [高分句型2]. I saw the blue mist that gathered on our hillsides in late summer. （由that引导定语从句） 听力答案：1-20BBACABAACCBABCACACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$