Unit 1 The mass media Grammar and usage 学案-2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

B5U1 Grammar and Usage 学案 Past perfect tense 学案 Activity 1: Read and complete the following timeline. The first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded (8)_________ (7) He offered ... (6) He offered ... (4) He founded ... (5) He used the same business strategy he ___________at the St Louis Post-Dispatch on The New York World. (3) By the age of 25,he _________ ______________ (2) He moved to_________. By then, he______________ _________________ Joseph Pulitzer was born in(1)___________ 1911 1892 1883 1878 1872 1860s On April 10,1847 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Activity 2: Exploring the rules (2)(3)(5)三个句子都用了____________时态，该时态的基本结构为_______________; 被动语态结构为,被动语态结构为__________________. Activity 3: Working out the rules (Analyze the following sentences and draw a timeline.) · 过去完成时基本用法1： 过去完成时用来描述过去某一时间之___发生的动作或存在的状态。即_______________ 1.When we got to the cinema, the film had already begun. (在下面方框中画出时间轴） 2.He told me that he had visited the Great Wall before. · 过去完成时的基本用法2: 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态，在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间或动作,常有_______ , by the end of, _________等引导词作为标语。 1. I had finished reading the novel by the end of the last week.（画时间轴） 2. He ____________ (learn) English for 9 years when he graduated from high school. · 过去完成时3个特殊句型： 1. 过去完成时有时用来表示___________的愿望，主要用于 want、hope, intend打算,想要, think, hope, plan, mean打算 等词。 ①I had wanted to help you, but I was too busy then. ②They had planned to come to see me but there was no flight. 2. 过去完成时可以用于 hardly/scarcely ... when ... ; no sooner ... than ... ; It/This was the first (second...)time that -从句 等结构。 ①I had hardly entered the classroom ______ the bell rang. ②No sooner had he got to the station ______ the bus arrived. ③It ____ the first third time that she had been to Xiangtan county. 3. 由于after和before本身就能明确地表示时间的先后关系，故有时主从句均使用一般过去时。 ①John (had) left before I came home. ②He began to write a review after he (had) watched the film before. Activity 3: Applying the rules 1. 我们刚一到学校，铃就响了. (hardly/scarcely...when...) _________________________________________________________ 2. It was the first time that she ________(come) to this mountain village to see the children. 3. We _________ (hope) to catch the 9:30 train, but found it was gone. 4. By about 6000 BC, people ____________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.（2020浙江卷) 5. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ______________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. (2018北京卷) 6. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ____________ (carry out) in the past two years. (2018江苏卷) Activity 4: Make a comparison · 现在完成时和过去完成时的区别 (画出时间轴) 1. They have discussed the financial problems of the company for 2 hours. 2. The machine has already been repaired. 3. By 9:45 p.m. last night the fire _____________(spread) to the 15th floor. 现在完成时的用法： 1. 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与already,yet, just,never, recently, lately等连用； 2. 表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在,有可能持续下去。常与 for +时间段, since+时间点, in recent years, so far, by now, up to now, in/during/over the past/last few years 等时间状语连用; · 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别： 1. 过去完成时在时间上强调“____________”; 2. 一般过去时只强调___________________。常见标志词: yesterday; the day before yesterday; last month...; just now; ... ago; in 2018... Eg: 1) They ______________(arrive) at the station by ten yesterday. 2) They ___________(arrive) at the station at ten yesterday. 3) --- Nancy is not coming tonight. --- But she ___________(promise). 4) Helen ___________(leave) her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ___________(come) home. Practice makes perfect 1. By now, 4 people ____________________(confirm) dead. 2. By 9:45 p.m. last night the fire _____________(spread) to the 15th floor. 3. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _________(eat)everything! 4. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). (2024年浙江卷1月语法填空） 5. In the last five years, Cao __________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents. （2022年全国甲卷语法填空） 6.On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists _______________(promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. （2022年浙江卷1月语法填空） 7. They _____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. （2024年全国甲卷语法填空） 8. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ______ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. (2022年新高考II卷语法填空) Activity 5: Writing and presenting Draw a timeline about a person that you admire and describe his/her life story using the past perfect tense,present perfect tense and simple past tense you have learned in this class. The example has been done for you. (A timeline about Zou Taofen.) Writing: Zou Taofen _____born in 1895, in Fujian. He __________ (graduate) from university at the age of twenty-six, in 1921. The next year, he __________ (become) an editor. By the time he was 31, Zou _________________ (become) the chief editor of Life Weekly. In 1931, he __________ (start) campaigning against 开展反对...的运动 the Japanese invasion 侵略. By the time he was forty, he _______________ (start） a new journal called Life of the Masses. Zou _______________________（establish） himself as a famous journalist and publisher before he died in Shanghai in 1944. A timeline about ____________ Your writing: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$