Unit4 语法填空精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 4 语法填空练习 目录 精练篇 1 passage 1 1 单句语法填空 5 短文语法填空 7 Passage 1 7 Passage 2 8 Passage 3 8 Passage 4 9 Passage 5 10 Passage 6 10 Passage 7 11 Passage 8 12 精练篇 passage 1 Rescuers brave chill, race against time to save lives 难度⭐⭐⭐ A bowl of hot beef noodles and a cup of drinking water at a relief camp on Tuesday offered Ma Mengke the warmth he 1 (desperate) needed after a magnitude 6.2 earthquake jolted him and his family members out of sleep around midnight on Monday in Northwest China’s Gansu province. The makeshift camp, 2 (locate) at the town square, has 102 tents, each of 3 can accommodate eight to nine people. Ma and 1,000 other residents of the county, whose houses 4 (destroy) or damaged in the quake, spent the night in the tents. They received meal boxes provided by local authorities and beef noodles cooked by volunteers from a private company. Meanwhile, rescue teams 5 (brave) the winter chill to continue their search for 6 (survivor) The substantial difference between day and night temperatures in Jishishan made the search and rescue operation 7 (challenge). Wang Duo, a team leader from the Gansu Houtian Disaster Rescue Center, said the minimum temperature is around -10 C, and those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are 8 great risk. Liu Xuefeng, deputy head of Gansu’s Forest Firefighting Department, said his 200-member team was among 9 first responders. The team arrived in Jishishan county as early as 2 am on Tuesday. At the local hospitals, doctors also raced against time to save lives. Currently, there are six medical teams comprising over 40 personnel 10 (provide) support at the People’s Hospital of Linxia, while nurses have been mobilized from other hospitals. 词汇积累 1. a bowl of 释义：“一碗……”，表示数量为一碗的某物。 示例：a bowl of noodles（一碗面条）。 2. relief 释义：n. 减轻；解除；轻松；救济。 示例：The news brought great relief.（这消息带来了极大的宽慰。）；relief efforts（救济工作）。 3. desperate 释义：adj. 绝望的；不顾一切的；极度渴望的。 示例：be desperate for help（极度渴望帮助）；a desperate attempt（孤注一掷的尝试）。 4. jolt 释义：n. 颠簸；震动；摇晃；vt. 使震动；使颠簸；使摇动。 示例：The car hit a pothole and gave a jolt.（汽车撞上了一个坑，猛地一震。）；The news jolted her out of her complacency.（这消息使她从自满中惊醒。） 5. out of sleep 释义：从睡眠中醒来。 示例：She was jolted out of sleep by a loud noise.（她被一声巨响从睡梦中惊醒。） 6. accommodate 释义：vt. 容纳；为…… 提供住宿；适应；考虑到。 示例：The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.（这家酒店可容纳多达 500 位客人。）；accommodate oneself to new circumstances（使自己适应新环境）。 7. destroy 释义：vt. 破坏；摧毁；毁灭。 示例：The fire destroyed the building.（大火摧毁了那座建筑物。） 8. damage 释义：n. 损害；损失；vt. 损害；损坏。 示例：The storm caused extensive damage.（暴风雨造成了巨大的损失。）；damage one's reputation（损害某人的声誉）。 9. private 释义：adj. 私人的；私有的；私下的。 示例：private property（私有财产）；a private conversation（私下的谈话）。 10. chill 释义：n. 寒冷；寒意；vt. 使变冷；使感到寒冷；vi. 变冷；感到寒冷。 示例：There was a chill in the air.（空气中有一丝寒意。）；The wind chilled me to the bone.（风使我感到寒冷刺骨。） 11. substantial 释义：adj. 大量的；实质的；重大的；可观的。 用法示例：substantial progress（重大进展）；a substantial sum of money（一大笔钱）。 12. trapped 释义：adj. 被困住的；陷入困境的。 示例：be trapped in a burning building（被困在燃烧的大楼里）。 13. rubble 释义：n. 碎石；瓦砾。 示例：The earthquake left piles of rubble.（地震留下了一堆堆瓦砾。） 14. collapse 释义：n. 倒塌；崩溃；vi. 倒塌；崩溃；vt. 使倒塌；使崩溃。 示例：The building collapsed in the earthquake.（那座建筑物在地震中倒塌了。）；His health collapsed under the strain.（他的身体在压力下垮了。） 15. currently 释义：adv. 当前；目前；眼下。 示例：He is currently working on a new project.（他目前正在从事一个新项目。） 16. comprise 释义：vt. 包含；由…… 组成。 示例：The committee comprises seven members.（委员会由七名成员组成。） 17. be mobilized from 释义：从……被动员起来。 示例：Troops were mobilized from various locations.（部队从各个地方被动员起来。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】A bowl of hot beef noodles and a cup of drinking water at a relief camp on Tuesday offered Ma Mengke the warmth he desperately needed after a magnitude 6.2 earthquake jolted him and his family members out of sleep around midnight on Monday in Northwest China’s Gansu province. 译文 周二，在中国西北部甘肃省，一场 6.2 级地震在周一午夜左右把马梦柯和他的家人从睡梦中惊醒。在一个救灾营地，一碗热牛肉面和一杯饮用水给了他极度需要的温暖。 分析 “A bowl of hot beef noodles and a cup of drinking water at a relief camp on Tuesday” 是句子的主语，“offered” 是谓语动词，“Ma Mengke” 是宾语，“the warmth” 是宾语补足语。“he desperately needed” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 “the warmth”。“after a magnitude 6.2 earthquake jolted him and his family members out of sleep around midnight on Monday in Northwest China’s Gansu province” 是时间状语从句，描述事情发生的背景。 【2】Wang Duo, a team leader from the Gansu Houtian Disaster Rescue Center, said the minimum temperature is around -10 C, and those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are at great risk. 译文 甘肃厚天灾害救援中心的队长王铎表示，最低气温在零下 10 摄氏度左右，那些被困在倒塌建筑物废墟下的人面临着巨大的危险。 分析 “Wang Duo” 是句子的主语，“a team leader from the Gansu Houtian Disaster Rescue Center” 是同位语，对 “Wang Duo” 的身份进行补充说明。“said” 是谓语动词。“the minimum temperature is around -10 C, and those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are at great risk” 是宾语从句，其中 “the minimum temperature is around -10 C” 和 “those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are at great risk” 是由 “and” 连接的两个并列分句。在第二个分句中，“trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “those” 。 【3】Currently, there are six medical teams comprising over 40 personnel providing support at the People’s Hospital of Linxia, while nurses have been mobilized from other hospitals. 译文 目前，有六支由 40 多人组成的医疗队伍在临夏人民医院提供支援，同时也从其他医院调动了护士。 分析 “there are six medical teams” 是句子的主干部分，表示 “有六支医疗队伍”。“comprising over 40 personnel” 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “medical teams”，表示 “由 40 多人组成的”。“providing support at the People’s Hospital of Linxia” 是现在分词短语作状语，表示动作的目的或伴随情况。“while nurses have been mobilized from other hospitals” 是一个并列句，“have been mobilized” 是现在完成时的被动语态，表示 “护士已被调动”。 翻译练习 1. 许多失业者对找到工作感到绝望，甚至失去了生活的希望。(desperate) 2. 他在半夜突然醒来，完全是出于睡眠不好。(out of sleep) 3. 这家酒店能够容纳一千名客人，服务也非常周到。(accommodate) 4. 那场可怕的火灾摧毁了许多古老的建筑，造成了巨大的损失。(destroy) 5. 这个班级由三十名学生组成，他们来自不同的地方。(comprise) 6. 这项研究取得了实质性的进展，为后续工作奠定了基础。(substantial) 7. 地震发生后，一些人被困在了废墟下面，等待着救援。(trapped) 答案解析 【答案】 1．desperately 2．located 3．which 4．were destroyed 5．braved 6．survivors 7．more challenging 8．at 9．the 10．providing 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。北京时间12月18日23时59分，甘肃临夏州积石山县发生6.2级地震。多方救援力量连夜快速集结搜救幸存者，为灾民提供保障。 1．考查副词。句意：周二，在中国西北部甘肃省的一个救援营地，一碗热牛肉面和一杯饮用水给了马梦克迫切需要的温暖。结合语境这里应用副词作状语修饰动词，故填desperately。 2．考查过去分词。句意：这个临时营地位于城镇广场，有102个帐篷，每个帐篷可以容纳8到9人。结合语境这里应用过去分词短语作定语，be located in..。表示“坐落在……”。故填located。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这个临时营地位于城镇广场，有102个帐篷，每个帐篷可以容纳8到9人。结合语境这里先行词为tents，指物，且作介词of的宾语，应用which。故填which。 4．考查时态语态。句意：马和该县其他1000名居民的房屋在地震中被摧毁或损坏，他们在帐篷里过夜。结合语境这里描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，houses与destroy为被动关系。故填were destroyed。 5．考查时态。句意：与此同时，救援队冒着严寒继续搜寻幸存者。结合语境应用一般过去时。brave这里用作动词，表示“勇敢面对;冒(风险)”描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填braved。 6．考查名词复数。句意：与此同时，救援队冒着严寒继续搜寻幸存者。结合语境此处应用名词复数形式。survivor表示“幸存者”。故填survivors。 7．考查形容词。句意：积石山昼夜温差巨大，加大了搜救工作的难度。结合语境这里应用形容词比较级作宾语补足语。故填more challenging。 8．考查介词。句意：来自甘肃后田灾害救援中心的队长王铎表示，最低气温约为零下10摄氏度，被困在倒塌建筑废墟下的人处于极大的危险之中。at risk表示“有风险”。故填at。 9．考查冠词。句意：甘肃省森林消防局副局长刘雪峰说，他的200名队员是首批救援人员之一。 序数词前常用定冠词the。故填the。 10．考查非谓语。句意：目前，临夏人民医院有6支医疗队，共40多人在提供支持，同时从其他医院调集了护士。空处为非谓语动词，40 personnel与provide为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填providing。 单句语法填空 1．Shadow play, a conventional form of theatrical entertainment, (survive) for centuries. The origins of shadow play (believe) to date back to ancient China where it was later spread to other parts of the world. 2．After each cycle of trading, companies have leftover carbon allowances (限额) can sell them to others. 3．By the time of the Ming Dynasty, people could use the abacus in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, were widely used for calculating the weight, amount, space and volume. 4．It is just one example of ancient works of art that not only tells the (wise) of our ancestors, but also is a witness to the pursuit of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries. 5．Nowadays, it is mainly in those minor ethnic groups that this life passage is still celebrated. In some parts of China, this ceremony is experiencing a (revive). 6．Looking at the house which lay in ruins shock, he called 911 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped. 7．Described as the worst disaster in the region in a century, the quakes have affected more than 13 million people in the city and (destruction) over 214,000 buildings. 8．A Y-20 strategic transport plane of the People’s Liberation Army has transported 14 tons of rescue , vehicles and rescuers to the earthquake-hit area after a 6.2-magnitude earthquake occurred in Northwest China’s Gansu province. (supply) 9．During the earthquake, volunteers helped to many necessary things such us clean water and food to those trapped or buried. The volunteers made the with great difficulty. (deliver) 10．The teenager died in a traffic accident. His shocked his mother. Upon seeing her son lying on the road, she lost control. (die) 11．At Hey Cat Cafe in Wuhan, the “employees” are all stray (流浪的) black cats, most of whom (rescue) by caring people several months ago. 12．Those houses were damaged in typhoon can fill in this form and apply for financial aid. 13．Chinese Teacher’s Day is the very festival celebrates the 2, 300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. 14．Some experts even argue that teens would be less likely to take risks or suffer anxiety if they could just get enough sleep. 15．With the rise of social media in recent years, young people around the globe have easy access to (shock)information about how we’re currently failing to look after the earth. 16．With no rain for over a year, the city is suffering unusually hot weather. 17．Some people intention is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income, believing that is where their happiness lies. 18．Temperature and the (long) of day are traditionally accepted as the main factors in affecting when leaves change colour and fall. 19．His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius (erupt). 20．This technology may (apply) to some treatments, such as (restore) a blind person’s vision or giving someone was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing. Most importantly, it might make possible to prevent diseases from developing. 21．Arriving at the mountaintop, I was already out of . And a moment later, the fresh air made me refreshed. deeply, I began to shout, my voice echoing (回响) in the mountains. (breathe) 22．Qingming is such an important occasion that some Chinese people travel huge distances, even from abroad, in order (sweep) their ancestor’s tombs. 23．Nearly all the countries globally (strike) by the coronavirus up to now, with over 600 million people infected worldwide. 24．Gig workers, often referred to as independent contractors (承包人) or temporary workers, are those such as delivery drivers and online sales hosts often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services for their clients. 25．Last year, Cambridge University Library announced that two of Charles Darwin’s notebooks had been missing from their collection, one of contains Darwin’s “Tree of Life” sketch. 短文语法填空 Passage 1 Wildfires have always been a 1 (nature) part of life in the western United States and Canada. However, as this region grows 2 (hot) and drier, wildfires are growing in size, violence and speed. The dangerous air 3 (pollute) created by wildfire smoke can spread far beyond the burned region. In summer 2023, smoke from nearly 900 wildfires 4 (tear) through Canada and caused air quality warnings 5 affected as many as 70 million people across the eastern United States. Then there’s the destruction on the ground. In recent years, 6 the weather becoming severe across California, seasonal high winds have caused wildfires 7 (grow) and spread at an alarming rate. California wildfires burned more than 4 million acres in 2020, 8 (make) 2020 the biggest fire season in state history. The Camp Fire in 2018 destroyed 9 average of one football field worth of land every three seconds and killed 68 people. And it’s not just California. Oregon, Washington and Colorado have also seen explosive fires destroy homes, take away 10 (life), and force thousands to leave. Passage 2 In early 2022, the Ministry of Water Resources in China planned to invest 800 billion yuan building water management projects during the year. But the country 1 (see) the funds reach 823 billion yuan by the end of September. Last year, the large-scale development played a significant role in ensuring stable home fund 2 promoting employment. Over 2. 5 million workers 3 (employ) in the development, including almost 2.1 million people from rural China. People also noted the 4 (remark) growth in funds it raised for water management projects. Almost 1. 16 trillion yuan was collected across the country last year, 44 percent more than 2021. Over 203.6 billion yuan was raised 5 government bonds, roughly 1.5 times that of the previous year. Over 37.9 billion yuan was invested 6 (expand) and renovate (翻新) 529 medium and large-scale irrigated areas in 2022. Thanks to the 7 (invest), over 10,000 kilometers of irrigation channels were built or renovated. During the rare drought in the Yangtze River Basin last year, the complete systems in many of those irrigated areas functioned 8 (efficient) in reducing the impacts of the drought and reducing losses. Such irrigated areas guaranteed water supply to 11.3 million hectares of farmland in 9 (strike) regions. Despite the drought, the basin saw 10 good harvest of grain. Passage 3 A strong earthquake made Joseph Cadeau wake up from sleep on Saturday. Cadeau, a teenage boy, 1 (immediate) got up and ran out of his home in Les Cayes, a city in Haiti. On the way out, Cadeau was knocked out by rubble (碎石). Moments later, Cadeau moved out of the house with great 2 (difficult). Unable to walk, Cadeau lay down in the street. Cadeau was one of at least 12,268 people 3 were injured during the earthquake. It struck Haiti’s southwest region around 8:30 am on Saturday, 4 (claim) at least 2,207 lives, according to Haiti’s Civil Protection agency. Cadeau managed to get out of the rubble 5 his own. He was not sure how long he had lain in the street until he 6 (rush) to a health facility eventually by 7 stranger. When Cadeau reached the health facility, he had to wait since there were not 8 (sufficiency) health workers to take care of so many injured people. While he was waiting, Cadeau’s foot began swelling (肿胀). “I received treatment too late, which is why my foot is swollen like that,” said the teenager, pointing at 9 (he) swollen foot. “Fortunately, I survived and have a chance 10 (rebuild) my hometown and give back to the society.” Passage 4 Scientists are utilizing (利用) new technology that allows them 1 (study) millions of small earthquakes in the hope 2 being able to predict (预测) the next big one. The study comes out of the Los Alamous National Laboratory. It shows how advancing computer technology is now able to read 10 times the number of earthquakes previously   3 (record), as local experts of geology, Patrick Abbott explained. “We 4 (know) since the 1800s that earthquakes come in swarms (群) — you get smaller ones, and a lot of aftershocks as well; but we have never been able to tell the difference between a foreshock 5 a big shock until afterwards, you look back over it,” explained Abbott. “you start with: here is the shaking from one earthquake, here is the shaking from another one, and try to sort 6 (they) all out and it turns out there is almost 7 (exact) 10 times as many earthquakes as we had thought.” The new technology showed some small earthquakes 8 had never been picked up before; like a magnitude (震级) of negative 2.0. Those earthquakes are considered invisible (看不见的) but by 9 (see) them collectively now, scientists can see where those happened before a 4.0 magnitude quake. He said the study does not solve the problem of predicting earthquakes, but seeing when smaller ones are shaking gives 10 (researcher) a better shot at predicting a bigger one. Passage 5 The main structure of the Datengxia water resources management facility in Southwest China has been completed four months ahead 1 schedule, the Ministry of Water Resources said on Saturday. The project, 2 is located in the Xijiang River, has eight power generation 3 (unit), each with an installed capacity of 200,000 kilowatts (千瓦). It can 4 (annual) generate more than 6 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. In cooperation with other reservoirs (水库), the project can help Wuzhou, a city with 5 population of over 2.8 million in Guangxi, deal with once-in-a-hundred-year floods. Previously, the city was only able to hold floods that occur once every 50 years. The project also enables some cities in the Pearl River Delta 6 (resist) floods that happen once every two centuries. The ministry said the Datengxia facility will also provide strong support for rural development, offering irrigation (灌溉) water to 80,000 hectares of farmland and 7 (address) drinking water shortage for almost 1.4 million people in Guangxi. The project has already played 8 (significance) roles in the past three years when it was put into trial operation. For example, in June last year, it helped prevent 9 store about 700 million cubic meters of floodwater when the Xijiang River 10 (hit) by a flood. In the peak, it reduced water flow by 3,500 cubic meters per second. Passage 6 In the grip of a cold wave, with temperatures plummeting below minus 10 degrees Celsius, the plateau county of Jishishan in Northwest China’s Gansu province was jolted from its slumber midnight Monday by a 6.2-mngnitude earthquake, causing death, 1 (destroy) and panic. According to a local villager Ding Xiaolong, he was asleep at home when the quake struck. He felt 2 (fortune) for being able to escape, but he also conveyed deep sadness for his friend who was currently working in the coastal city of Xiamen, 3 (locate) more than 2,000 kilometers away. “I received a call from him after the quake, asking me to check on the situation of his family,” Ding said, adding that he rushed to their house, only to discover that it 4 (level), to the ground, with four people buried underneath. 5 Ding’s efforts to gather over 20 people for help, it proved futile(徒劳的) as it was already too late. All four members of his friend’s family bad lost their lives. As of 10 am Tuesday, a total of 105 were confirmed 6 (die) in Gansu and 11 in the neighboring Qinghai province, with hundreds injured. Members of the Gansu branch of the Blue Sky Rescue Team, 7 Chinese civil relief Group(小组), have set up dozens of tents in the public square of Date village. Local officials have provided warm water for the affected residents 8 (consume) and use for preparing instant noodles. In Dahejia township, 9 the temperature plummeted(速降) to 16 degrees Celsius below zero, over 140 medical staff at a local hospital word occupied treating the injured people. According to first person 10 (account), the loved ones of many of these patients were untraceable in the aftermath of the earthquake. Passage 7 A 7.5 magnitude earthquake struck western Japan on Monday afternoon, leading to a warning for residents to escape affected coastal 1 (area) of Japan as soon as possible. The 2 (power) earthquake struck at 4:10 p. m. local time at a depth of 10 kilometers, around 42 kilometers northeast of Anamizu in Ishikawa. The Japan Meteorological Agency 3 (immediate) issued a tsunami warning along coastal regions of western Japan, and the first waves were reported hitting 4 coast just over 10 minutes later. Some of the first reports came from the city of Wajima in Ishikawa, 5 saw tsunami waves of around 1. 2 meters around 4: 21 p. m., according to Japanese public broadcaster NHK. Suzu city officials Inlshikawa told reporters that buildings have been damaged, 6 there were reports of injuries. Police in the city said some people were trapped in 7 (damage) houses, according to NHK. No deaths 8 (report) so far. More than 32, 500 homes in Ishikawa were left 9 power following the quake, according to the Hokuriku Electric Power Company. “ 10 (put) human lives as priority, we are making every effort to assess damages — making every effort in disaster response,” Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida wrote on X, formerly Twitter, Monday. Passage 8 Earthquake in northwestern China kills at least 118 people An overnight earthquake killed at least 118 people in a cold and mountainous region in northwestern China, 1 the country’s state media reported on Tuesday. Search and rescue 2 (operate) were underway in Gansu and neighboring Qinghai provinces. The earthquake left more than 500 people injured, 3 (severe) damaged houses and roads, and knocked out power and communication lines. The magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck in Gansu at a relatively shallow 4 (deep) of 10kilometers just before midnight on Monday, according to the China Earthquake Networks Center. By mid-morning, 105 people had been confirmed dead in Gansu and another 397 injured, including sixteen people 5 critical condition. Thirteen others were killed and 182 injured in Qinghai in an area north of the epicenter (震中), according to state media. Another 20 were missing in Qinghai after 6 (bury) in a landslide, according to the China News Service. The earthquake 7 (feel) in much of the surrounding area, including Lanzhou, the Gansu provincial capital, about 100 kilometers northeast of the epicenter. The rescue work was proceeding in 8 orderly manner. Tents, folding beds 9 quilts were being sent to the disaster area. At least 4,000 firefighters, soldiers and police officers were dispatched (派遣) in the rescue effort, and the People’s Liberation Army Western Theatre set up a command post 10 (direct) its work. $$ Unit 4 语法填空练习 目录 精练篇 1 passage 1 1 单句语法填空 5 短文语法填空 11 Passage 1 11 Passage 2 13 Passage 3 15 Passage 4 16 Passage 5 18 Passage 6 20 Passage 7 22 Passage 8 24 精练篇 passage 1 Rescuers brave chill, race against time to save lives 难度⭐⭐⭐ A bowl of hot beef noodles and a cup of drinking water at a relief camp on Tuesday offered Ma Mengke the warmth he 1 (desperate) needed after a magnitude 6.2 earthquake jolted him and his family members out of sleep around midnight on Monday in Northwest China’s Gansu province. The makeshift camp, 2 (locate) at the town square, has 102 tents, each of 3 can accommodate eight to nine people. Ma and 1,000 other residents of the county, whose houses 4 (destroy) or damaged in the quake, spent the night in the tents. They received meal boxes provided by local authorities and beef noodles cooked by volunteers from a private company. Meanwhile, rescue teams 5 (brave) the winter chill to continue their search for 6 (survivor) The substantial difference between day and night temperatures in Jishishan made the search and rescue operation 7 (challenge). Wang Duo, a team leader from the Gansu Houtian Disaster Rescue Center, said the minimum temperature is around -10 C, and those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are 8 great risk. Liu Xuefeng, deputy head of Gansu’s Forest Firefighting Department, said his 200-member team was among 9 first responders. The team arrived in Jishishan county as early as 2 am on Tuesday. At the local hospitals, doctors also raced against time to save lives. Currently, there are six medical teams comprising over 40 personnel 10 (provide) support at the People’s Hospital of Linxia, while nurses have been mobilized from other hospitals. 词汇积累 1. a bowl of 释义：“一碗……”，表示数量为一碗的某物。 示例：a bowl of noodles（一碗面条）。 2. relief 释义：n. 减轻；解除；轻松；救济。 示例：The news brought great relief.（这消息带来了极大的宽慰。）；relief efforts（救济工作）。 3. desperate 释义：adj. 绝望的；不顾一切的；极度渴望的。 示例：be desperate for help（极度渴望帮助）；a desperate attempt（孤注一掷的尝试）。 4. jolt 释义：n. 颠簸；震动；摇晃；vt. 使震动；使颠簸；使摇动。 示例：The car hit a pothole and gave a jolt.（汽车撞上了一个坑，猛地一震。）；The news jolted her out of her complacency.（这消息使她从自满中惊醒。） 5. out of sleep 释义：从睡眠中醒来。 示例：She was jolted out of sleep by a loud noise.（她被一声巨响从睡梦中惊醒。） 6. accommodate 释义：vt. 容纳；为…… 提供住宿；适应；考虑到。 示例：The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.（这家酒店可容纳多达 500 位客人。）；accommodate oneself to new circumstances（使自己适应新环境）。 7. destroy 释义：vt. 破坏；摧毁；毁灭。 示例：The fire destroyed the building.（大火摧毁了那座建筑物。） 8. damage 释义：n. 损害；损失；vt. 损害；损坏。 示例：The storm caused extensive damage.（暴风雨造成了巨大的损失。）；damage one's reputation（损害某人的声誉）。 9. private 释义：adj. 私人的；私有的；私下的。 示例：private property（私有财产）；a private conversation（私下的谈话）。 10. chill 释义：n. 寒冷；寒意；vt. 使变冷；使感到寒冷；vi. 变冷；感到寒冷。 示例：There was a chill in the air.（空气中有一丝寒意。）；The wind chilled me to the bone.（风使我感到寒冷刺骨。） 11. substantial 释义：adj. 大量的；实质的；重大的；可观的。 用法示例：substantial progress（重大进展）；a substantial sum of money（一大笔钱）。 12. trapped 释义：adj. 被困住的；陷入困境的。 示例：be trapped in a burning building（被困在燃烧的大楼里）。 13. rubble 释义：n. 碎石；瓦砾。 示例：The earthquake left piles of rubble.（地震留下了一堆堆瓦砾。） 14. collapse 释义：n. 倒塌；崩溃；vi. 倒塌；崩溃；vt. 使倒塌；使崩溃。 示例：The building collapsed in the earthquake.（那座建筑物在地震中倒塌了。）；His health collapsed under the strain.（他的身体在压力下垮了。） 15. currently 释义：adv. 当前；目前；眼下。 示例：He is currently working on a new project.（他目前正在从事一个新项目。） 16. comprise 释义：vt. 包含；由…… 组成。 示例：The committee comprises seven members.（委员会由七名成员组成。） 17. be mobilized from 释义：从……被动员起来。 示例：Troops were mobilized from various locations.（部队从各个地方被动员起来。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】A bowl of hot beef noodles and a cup of drinking water at a relief camp on Tuesday offered Ma Mengke the warmth he desperately needed after a magnitude 6.2 earthquake jolted him and his family members out of sleep around midnight on Monday in Northwest China’s Gansu province. 译文 周二，在中国西北部甘肃省，一场 6.2 级地震在周一午夜左右把马梦柯和他的家人从睡梦中惊醒。在一个救灾营地，一碗热牛肉面和一杯饮用水给了他极度需要的温暖。 分析 “A bowl of hot beef noodles and a cup of drinking water at a relief camp on Tuesday” 是句子的主语，“offered” 是谓语动词，“Ma Mengke” 是宾语，“the warmth” 是宾语补足语。“he desperately needed” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 “the warmth”。“after a magnitude 6.2 earthquake jolted him and his family members out of sleep around midnight on Monday in Northwest China’s Gansu province” 是时间状语从句，描述事情发生的背景。 【2】Wang Duo, a team leader from the Gansu Houtian Disaster Rescue Center, said the minimum temperature is around -10 C, and those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are at great risk. 译文 甘肃厚天灾害救援中心的队长王铎表示，最低气温在零下 10 摄氏度左右，那些被困在倒塌建筑物废墟下的人面临着巨大的危险。 分析 “Wang Duo” 是句子的主语，“a team leader from the Gansu Houtian Disaster Rescue Center” 是同位语，对 “Wang Duo” 的身份进行补充说明。“said” 是谓语动词。“the minimum temperature is around -10 C, and those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are at great risk” 是宾语从句，其中 “the minimum temperature is around -10 C” 和 “those trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings are at great risk” 是由 “and” 连接的两个并列分句。在第二个分句中，“trapped under the rubble of collapsed buildings” 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “those” 。 【3】Currently, there are six medical teams comprising over 40 personnel providing support at the People’s Hospital of Linxia, while nurses have been mobilized from other hospitals. 译文 目前，有六支由 40 多人组成的医疗队伍在临夏人民医院提供支援，同时也从其他医院调动了护士。 分析 “there are six medical teams” 是句子的主干部分，表示 “有六支医疗队伍”。“comprising over 40 personnel” 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 “medical teams”，表示 “由 40 多人组成的”。“providing support at the People’s Hospital of Linxia” 是现在分词短语作状语，表示动作的目的或伴随情况。“while nurses have been mobilized from other hospitals” 是一个并列句，“have been mobilized” 是现在完成时的被动语态，表示 “护士已被调动”。 翻译练习 1. 许多失业者对找到工作感到绝望，甚至失去了生活的希望。(desperate) Many unemployed people are desperate to find jobs and even lose the hope of life. 2. 他在半夜突然醒来，完全是出于睡眠不好。(out of sleep) He woke up suddenly in the middle of the night out of sleep. 3. 这家酒店能够容纳一千名客人，服务也非常周到。(accommodate) This hotel can accommodate one thousand guests and the service is very considerate. 4. 那场可怕的火灾摧毁了许多古老的建筑，造成了巨大的损失。(destroy) That terrifying fire destroyed many ancient buildings, causing substantial losses. 5. 这个班级由三十名学生组成，他们来自不同的地方。(comprise) This class comprises thirty students and they come from different places. 6. 这项研究取得了实质性的进展，为后续工作奠定了基础。(substantial) This research has made substantial progress, laying a foundation for the subsequent work. 7. 地震发生后，一些人被困在了废墟下面，等待着救援。(trapped) After the earthquake, some people were trapped under the ruins, waiting for rescue. 答案解析 【答案】 1．desperately 2．located 3．which 4．were destroyed 5．braved 6．survivors 7．more challenging 8．at 9．the 10．providing 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。北京时间12月18日23时59分，甘肃临夏州积石山县发生6.2级地震。多方救援力量连夜快速集结搜救幸存者，为灾民提供保障。 1．考查副词。句意：周二，在中国西北部甘肃省的一个救援营地，一碗热牛肉面和一杯饮用水给了马梦克迫切需要的温暖。结合语境这里应用副词作状语修饰动词，故填desperately。 2．考查过去分词。句意：这个临时营地位于城镇广场，有102个帐篷，每个帐篷可以容纳8到9人。结合语境这里应用过去分词短语作定语，be located in..。表示“坐落在……”。故填located。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这个临时营地位于城镇广场，有102个帐篷，每个帐篷可以容纳8到9人。结合语境这里先行词为tents，指物，且作介词of的宾语，应用which。故填which。 4．考查时态语态。句意：马和该县其他1000名居民的房屋在地震中被摧毁或损坏，他们在帐篷里过夜。结合语境这里描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，houses与destroy为被动关系。故填were destroyed。 5．考查时态。句意：与此同时，救援队冒着严寒继续搜寻幸存者。结合语境应用一般过去时。brave这里用作动词，表示“勇敢面对;冒(风险)”描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填braved。 6．考查名词复数。句意：与此同时，救援队冒着严寒继续搜寻幸存者。结合语境此处应用名词复数形式。survivor表示“幸存者”。故填survivors。 7．考查形容词。句意：积石山昼夜温差巨大，加大了搜救工作的难度。结合语境这里应用形容词比较级作宾语补足语。故填more challenging。 8．考查介词。句意：来自甘肃后田灾害救援中心的队长王铎表示，最低气温约为零下10摄氏度，被困在倒塌建筑废墟下的人处于极大的危险之中。at risk表示“有风险”。故填at。 9．考查冠词。句意：甘肃省森林消防局副局长刘雪峰说，他的200名队员是首批救援人员之一。 序数词前常用定冠词the。故填the。 10．考查非谓语。句意：目前，临夏人民医院有6支医疗队，共40多人在提供支持，同时从其他医院调集了护士。空处为非谓语动词，40 personnel与provide为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填providing。 单句语法填空 1．Shadow play, a conventional form of theatrical entertainment, (survive) for centuries. The origins of shadow play (believe) to date back to ancient China where it was later spread to other parts of the world. 【答案】 has survived are believed 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：皮影戏是一种传统的戏剧娱乐形式，已经存在了几个世纪。皮影戏的起源被认为可以追溯到古代中国，后来传播到世界其他地方。第一空，根据for centuries可知，本句应用现在完成时，主语Shadow play是单数，谓语使用第三人称单数形式；第二空，主语The origins of shadow play与谓语believe为被动关系，所以为一般现在的被动语态，且主语The origins是复数，be动词应用are。故填①has survived；②are believed。 2．After each cycle of trading, companies have leftover carbon allowances (限额) can sell them to others. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在每个交易周期结束后，有剩余碳配额的公司可以将其出售给其他公司。根据空后谓语动词have和can sell可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词companies，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 3．By the time of the Ming Dynasty, people could use the abacus in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, were widely used for calculating the weight, amount, space and volume. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：到了明朝时期，人们已经可以使用算盘进行加减乘除运算，这些运算被广泛应用于计算重量、数量、空间和体积。根据空前谓语动词could use和空后谓语动词were used，且句子不能构成并列句可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词addition, subtraction, multiplication and division，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 4．It is just one example of ancient works of art that not only tells the (wise) of our ancestors, but also is a witness to the pursuit of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】考查名词。句意：它只是古代艺术作品的一个例子，它不仅讲述了我们祖先的智慧，也见证了几个世纪以来中国工匠对美的追求。根据空前定冠词the可知，空处应用名词在句中作宾语，wise的名词是wisdom意为“智慧”，是不可数名词。故填wisdom。 5．Nowadays, it is mainly in those minor ethnic groups that this life passage is still celebrated. In some parts of China, this ceremony is experiencing a (revive). 【答案】revival 【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，主要是在那些少数民族，仍然庆祝这一生命的历程。在中国的一些地区，这个仪式正在复兴。根据不定冠词a可知，应用单数名词revival作动词的宾语。故填revival。 6．Looking at the house which lay in ruins shock, he called 911 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：看到这所房子已成废墟，他震惊之下立即拨打了911来营救被困的受伤人员。此处是固定搭配：in shock意为“震惊地”。故填in。 7．Described as the worst disaster in the region in a century, the quakes have affected more than 13 million people in the city and (destruction) over 214,000 buildings. 【答案】destroyed 【详解】考查动词。句意：这次地震被称为该地区一个世纪以来最严重的灾难，影响了该市1300多万人，摧毁了21.4万多座建筑。根据空前的and可知，空处和前文的affected并列做谓语，所以空处应填动词的过去分词形式，destruction的动词形式是destroy。故填destroyed。 8．A Y-20 strategic transport plane of the People’s Liberation Army has transported 14 tons of rescue , vehicles and rescuers to the earthquake-hit area after a 6.2-magnitude earthquake occurred in Northwest China’s Gansu province. (supply) 【答案】supplies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：中国西北部甘肃省发生6.2级地震后，解放军一架运-20战略运输机向地震灾区运送了14吨救援物资、车辆和救援人员。结合提示词可知句中用名词supply“供应品”作宾语。根据并列名词vehicles and rescuers可知，用可数名词的复数形式。故填supplies。 9．During the earthquake, volunteers helped to many necessary things such us clean water and food to those trapped or buried. The volunteers made the with great difficulty. (deliver) 【答案】 deliver delivery 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：在地震期间，志愿者帮助运送了许多必要的东西，如干净的水和食物给那些被困或被埋的人。志愿者们费了很大的劲才送完货。help to do sth“帮助做某事”，故第一空用动词原形deliver；第二空应填名词形式作动词made的宾语，delivery“递送，投递”为不可数名词，故填①deliver②delivery。 10．The teenager died in a traffic accident. His shocked his mother. Upon seeing her son lying on the road, she lost control. (die) 【答案】 death dead 【详解】考查名词以及形容词。句意：这名少年死于一场交通事故。他的死震惊了他的母亲。看到儿子死在路上，她失去了控制。根据第一个空前的his可知，空处需要名词作句子的主语。die为动词，其名词形式为death“死亡”，其形容词形式为dead“死的”。第二个空处需要形容词作状语。故填①death②dead。 11．At Hey Cat Cafe in Wuhan, the “employees” are all stray (流浪的) black cats, most of whom (rescue) by caring people several months ago. 【答案】were rescued 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在武汉的嘿Cat咖啡馆，“员工”都是流浪黑猫，大多数是几个月前被爱心人士救出来的。根据句中的时间状语several months ago可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语most of whom表示复数，whom指代前面的stray black cats，所以谓语应用复数形式；且主语和rescue之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态。故填were rescued。 12．Those houses were damaged in typhoon can fill in this form and apply for financial aid. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些房屋在台风中受损的人可以填写此表格并申请经济援助。分析句子可知，“______houses were damaged in typhoon”为定语从句，空处引导定语从句，先行词those，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 13．Chinese Teacher’s Day is the very festival celebrates the 2, 300-year tradition of respecting teachers and education in China. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国教师节正是一个庆祝中国2300年尊师重教传统的节日。空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词festival指物并且前面有the very 修饰，此时使用that不使用which引导定语从句，故填that。 14．Some experts even argue that teens would be less likely to take risks or suffer anxiety if they could just get enough sleep. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：一些专家甚至认为，如果青少年能得到足够的睡眠，他们就不太可能冒险或遭受焦虑的折磨。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语suffer from意为“遭受……的痛苦”符合句意。故填from。 15．With the rise of social media in recent years, young people around the globe have easy access to (shock)information about how we’re currently failing to look after the earth. 【答案】shocking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着近年来社交媒体的兴起, 世界各地的年轻人很容易了解到与我们目前如何未能照顾地球有关的令人震惊的消息。设空处在句中作定语，应用其形容词形式修饰名词information，修饰information，应用其-ing的形式。故填shocking。 16．With no rain for over a year, the city is suffering unusually hot weather. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：由于一年多没有下雨，这座城市正遭受着异常炎热的天气。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语suffer from意为“遭受”符合句意。故填from。 17．Some people intention is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income, believing that is where their happiness lies. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些意图赚大钱的人很感激有机会增加收入，认为这就是他们的幸福所在。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为Some people，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰intention，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 18．Temperature and the (long) of day are traditionally accepted as the main factors in affecting when leaves change colour and fall. 【答案】length 【详解】考查名词。句意：温度和白天的时长素来被认为是影响树叶何时变色和凋落的主要因素。空处与Temperature并列，在句中作主语，故应填名词length“长度”，the length of“……的长度”。故填length。 19．His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius (erupt). 【答案】erupted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他的经典小说《庞贝城的末日》想象了公元79年维苏威火山爆发时古罗马城市庞贝的生活。分析句子可知，when引导非限制性定语从句对先行词year 79进行补充说明，是过去发生的事，从句时态为一般过去时，erupt应用过去式erupted。故填erupted。 20．This technology may (apply) to some treatments, such as (restore) a blind person’s vision or giving someone was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing. Most importantly, it might make possible to prevent diseases from developing. 【答案】 apply restoring who it 【详解】考查非谓语动词、定语从句。句意：这项技术可能适用于一些治疗，例如恢复盲人的视力或给天生失聪的人提供良好的听觉。最重要的是，它可能使预防疾病发展成为可能。根据答题空1前面的情态动词可知，空白处应填动词原形；答题空2前面有介词as，且答题空2表示一个抽象的动作，应填动名词restoring；分析答题空3，因答题空3所在的句子为包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是代词someone，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，使用who引导定语从句；分析答题空4，根据下文“to prevent diseases from developing(预防疾病发展)”可知，此处为动词不定式作宾语，空白处为形式宾语，应使用代词it。故填①apply；②restoring；③who；④it。 21．Arriving at the mountaintop, I was already out of . And a moment later, the fresh air made me refreshed. deeply, I began to shout, my voice echoing (回响) in the mountains. (breathe) 【答案】 breath Breathing 【详解】考查名词和现在分词。句意：到达山顶时，我已经上气不接下气了。过了一会儿，新鲜的空气让我神清气爽。我深深地呼吸着，开始呼喊，我的声音在群山中回荡。第一个空作介词of的宾语，故填名词breath，构成短语out of breath，表示“喘不上气”；第二个空作状语，非谓语动词breathe与主语I是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词表主动，首字母大写。故填①breath ②Breathing。 22．Qingming is such an important occasion that some Chinese people travel huge distances, even from abroad, in order (sweep) their ancestor’s tombs. 【答案】to sweep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：清明是一个如此重要的时刻，以至于一些中国人为了给他们的祖先扫墓，长途跋涉，甚至从国外（回来）。固定搭配in order to do sth.“为了做某事”。故填to sweep。 23．Nearly all the countries globally (strike) by the coronavirus up to now, with over 600 million people infected worldwide. 【答案】have been stricken/have been struck 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，全球几乎所有国家都受到冠状病毒的袭击，全球有超过6亿人被感染。分析句子可知，此处应填谓语动词，根据时间状语up to now可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，与主语之间为被动关系，且主语是名词复数，strike的过去分词为stricken和struck。故填have been stricken/have been struck。 24．Gig workers, often referred to as independent contractors (承包人) or temporary workers, are those such as delivery drivers and online sales hosts often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services for their clients. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：零工经济工作者，常被称为独立承包人或临时工，比如快递司机和在线销售主播，他们经常与按需服务公司签订合同，为客户提供服务。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词those。先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 25．Last year, Cambridge University Library announced that two of Charles Darwin’s notebooks had been missing from their collection, one of contains Darwin’s “Tree of Life” sketch. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年，剑桥大学图书馆宣布，查尔斯·达尔文的两本笔记本从他们的收藏中丢失了，其中一本里有达尔文的“生命之树”草图。空处位于that引导的宾语从句中，根据空前谓语动词had been missing和空后谓语动词contains，且句子不能构成并列句可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词two of Charles Darwin’s notebooks，构成“不定代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 短文语法填空 Passage 1 Wildfires have always been a 1 (nature) part of life in the western United States and Canada. However, as this region grows 2 (hot) and drier, wildfires are growing in size, violence and speed. The dangerous air 3 (pollute) created by wildfire smoke can spread far beyond the burned region. In summer 2023, smoke from nearly 900 wildfires 4 (tear) through Canada and caused air quality warnings 5 affected as many as 70 million people across the eastern United States. Then there’s the destruction on the ground. In recent years, 6 the weather becoming severe across California, seasonal high winds have caused wildfires 7 (grow) and spread at an alarming rate. California wildfires burned more than 4 million acres in 2020, 8 (make) 2020 the biggest fire season in state history. The Camp Fire in 2018 destroyed 9 average of one football field worth of land every three seconds and killed 68 people. And it’s not just California. Oregon, Washington and Colorado have also seen explosive fires destroy homes, take away 10 (life), and force thousands to leave. 【答案】1．natural 2．hotter 3．pollution 4．tore 5．that/which 6．with 7．to grow 8．making 9．an 10．lives 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国西部和加拿大的野火问题。 1．考查形容词。句意：野火一直是美国西部和加拿大生活中很自然的一部分。修饰名词part用形容词natural，作定语，故填natural。 2．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，随着该地区变得越来越炎热和干燥，野火的规模、暴力和速度都在增长。根据后文and后并列成分为drier，可知应用比较级作表语，故填hotter。 3．考查名词。句意：野火烟雾造成的危险空气污染可以远远蔓延到燃烧地区之外。作主语，应用名词pollution，不可数。故填pollution。 4．考查动词时态。句意：2023年夏天，近900场野火产生的烟雾席卷了加拿大，并引发了空气质量警告，影响了美国东部多达7000万人。tear和cause为并列谓语，且由句中的时间状语“In summer 2023”可知句子时态是一般过去时，空格处填入过去式，故填tore。 5．考查定语从句。句意：2023年夏天，近900场野火产生的烟雾席卷了加拿大，并引发了空气质量警告，影响了美国东部多达7000万人。定语从句修饰先行词warnings，从句中缺主语，先行词为物，故填which/that。 6．考查with复合结构。句意：近年来，随着加州各地天气变得恶劣，季节性大风导致野火以惊人的速度增长和蔓延。此处为with复合结构：with sb/sth doing…表“随着……”，故填with。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，随着加州各地天气变得恶劣，季节性大风导致野火以惊人的速度增长和蔓延。cause sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“导致……”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to grow。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：加州野火在2020年烧毁了超过400万英亩的土地，使2020年成为该州历史上最大的火灾季节。空格处表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语，故填making。 9．考查冠词。句意：2018年的山火平均每三秒烧毁一个足球场大小的土地，造成68人死亡。an/the average of固定短语，表示“平均”，average 以元音音素开头。故填an。 10．考查名词的数。句意：俄勒冈州、华盛顿州和科罗拉多州也发生了爆炸性火灾，房屋被毁，生命被夺去，数千人被迫离开。take away后接宾语，意为“夺走生命”，life表生命时为可数名词，此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填lives。 Passage 2 In early 2022, the Ministry of Water Resources in China planned to invest 800 billion yuan building water management projects during the year. But the country 1 (see) the funds reach 823 billion yuan by the end of September. Last year, the large-scale development played a significant role in ensuring stable home fund 2 promoting employment. Over 2. 5 million workers 3 (employ) in the development, including almost 2.1 million people from rural China. People also noted the 4 (remark) growth in funds it raised for water management projects. Almost 1. 16 trillion yuan was collected across the country last year, 44 percent more than 2021. Over 203.6 billion yuan was raised 5 government bonds, roughly 1.5 times that of the previous year. Over 37.9 billion yuan was invested 6 (expand) and renovate (翻新) 529 medium and large-scale irrigated areas in 2022. Thanks to the 7 (invest), over 10,000 kilometers of irrigation channels were built or renovated. During the rare drought in the Yangtze River Basin last year, the complete systems in many of those irrigated areas functioned 8 (efficient) in reducing the impacts of the drought and reducing losses. Such irrigated areas guaranteed water supply to 11.3 million hectares of farmland in 9 (strike) regions. Despite the drought, the basin saw 10 good harvest of grain. 【答案】1．had seen 2．and 3．were employed 4．remarkable 5．through 6．to expand 7．investment 8．efficiently 9．stricken 10．a 【导语】本文是新闻报道。这篇文章报道了中国水利部在2022年初计划投入8000亿元建设水利工程项目，并提到了去年大规模开发在确保稳定家庭基金和促进就业方面发挥的重要作用。 1．考查动词时态。句意：但截至9月底，该国的资金已达到8230亿元。see作本句谓语，根据时间状语by the end of September可知用完成时，根据上文In early 2022可知，用过去完成时。故填had seen。 2．考查连词。句意：去年，大规模开发对稳定住房资金、促进就业发挥了重要作用。根据句意可知，ensuring stable home fund和promoting employment是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：该项目雇佣了250多万工人，其中近210万人来自中国农村。employ作本句谓语，和主语workers之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，主语为复数。故填were employed。 4．考查形容词。句意：人们还注意到它为水管理项目筹集的资金显著增长。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，remark的形容词形式是remarkable。故填remarkable。 5．考查介词。句意：通过发行国债筹集资金2036多亿元，约为上年的1.5倍。根据句意，此处表达“通过发行国债筹集资金”之意，应用介词through意为“通过”符合语境。故填through。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年，投资379亿元以上，扩大改造大中型灌区529个。本句已有谓语动词was invested，所以expand用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to expand。 7．考查名词。句意：通过投资，新建和改造了1万多公里的灌溉渠道。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，invest的名词形式是investment。 8．考查副词。句意：在去年长江流域罕见的干旱中，许多灌区的完整系统有效地减轻了干旱的影响，减少了损失。空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填efficiently。 9．考查形容词。句意：这些灌溉区保证了受灾地区1130万公顷农田的供水。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，strike的形容词形式是stricken意为“遭受挫折的”。故填stricken。 10．考查冠词。句意：尽管干旱，这个盆地的粮食还是大丰收。此处是固定搭配：a good harvest意为“一个好收成”。故填a。 Passage 3 A strong earthquake made Joseph Cadeau wake up from sleep on Saturday. Cadeau, a teenage boy, 1 (immediate) got up and ran out of his home in Les Cayes, a city in Haiti. On the way out, Cadeau was knocked out by rubble (碎石). Moments later, Cadeau moved out of the house with great 2 (difficult). Unable to walk, Cadeau lay down in the street. Cadeau was one of at least 12,268 people 3 were injured during the earthquake. It struck Haiti’s southwest region around 8:30 am on Saturday, 4 (claim) at least 2,207 lives, according to Haiti’s Civil Protection agency. Cadeau managed to get out of the rubble 5 his own. He was not sure how long he had lain in the street until he 6 (rush) to a health facility eventually by 7 stranger. When Cadeau reached the health facility, he had to wait since there were not 8 (sufficiency) health workers to take care of so many injured people. While he was waiting, Cadeau’s foot began swelling (肿胀). “I received treatment too late, which is why my foot is swollen like that,” said the teenager, pointing at 9 (he) swollen foot. “Fortunately, I survived and have a chance 10 (rebuild) my hometown and give back to the society.” 【答案】1．immediately 2．difficulty 3．who/that 4．claiming 5．on 6．was rushed 7．a 8．sufficient 9．his 10．to rebuild 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个十几岁的男孩Joseph Cadeau在海地周六强烈的地震中的经历。 1．考查副词。句意：Cadeau是一个十几岁的男孩，他立即站起来，跑出了他在海地城市莱凯的家。修饰动词got应用副词。故填immediately。 2．考查名词。句意：过了一会儿，Cadeau费了很大的劲才搬出了房子。介词with后应用其名词difficulty(不可数)作宾语。故填difficulty。 3．考查定语从句。句意：Cadeau是地震中受伤的至少12268人之一。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为people，指代人，在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。故填who/that。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：据海地民防机构称，周六上午8点30分左右，它袭击了海地西南部地区，造成至少2207人死亡。此处为非谓语，动词claim和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语。故填claiming。 5．考查介词。句意：Cadeau自己从废墟中爬了出来。on one’s own“独自”是固定搭配。故填on。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：他不知道自己在街上躺了多久，直到一个陌生人把他送到了一家医疗机构。动词rush“速送”和主语之间是被动关系，根据上文时态可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was rushed。 7．考查冠词。句意：同上。单数可数名词stranger是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。strange首字母的发音为辅音因素，故填a。 8．考查形容词。句意：当Cadeau到达医疗机构时，他不得不等待，因为没有足够的医护人员来照顾这么多受伤的人。修饰名词短语health workers应用形容词。故填sufficient。 9．考查代词。句意：“我接受治疗太迟了，这就是为什么我的脚肿成这样，”这位少年指着自己肿起来的脚说。限定名词swollen foot应用其形容词性物主代词。故填his。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，我活了下来，有机会重建家乡，回馈社会。a chance to do sth“做某事的机会”是固定用法，不定式作后置定语。故填to rebuild。 Passage 4 Scientists are utilizing (利用) new technology that allows them 1 (study) millions of small earthquakes in the hope 2 being able to predict (预测) the next big one. The study comes out of the Los Alamous National Laboratory. It shows how advancing computer technology is now able to read 10 times the number of earthquakes previously   3 (record), as local experts of geology, Patrick Abbott explained. “We 4 (know) since the 1800s that earthquakes come in swarms (群) — you get smaller ones, and a lot of aftershocks as well; but we have never been able to tell the difference between a foreshock 5 a big shock until afterwards, you look back over it,” explained Abbott. “you start with: here is the shaking from one earthquake, here is the shaking from another one, and try to sort 6 (they) all out and it turns out there is almost 7 (exact) 10 times as many earthquakes as we had thought.” The new technology showed some small earthquakes 8 had never been picked up before; like a magnitude (震级) of negative 2.0. Those earthquakes are considered invisible (看不见的) but by 9 (see) them collectively now, scientists can see where those happened before a 4.0 magnitude quake. He said the study does not solve the problem of predicting earthquakes, but seeing when smaller ones are shaking gives 10 (researcher) a better shot at predicting a bigger one. 【答案】1．to study 2．of 3．recorded 4．have known 5．and 6．them 7．exactly 8．which/that 9．seeing 10．researchers 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章叙述了科学家们正在利用新的科学研究数以百万计的小地震，希望能够预测下一次的大地震。 1．考查动词不定式。句意：科学家们正在利用新技术，使他们能够研究数以百万计的小地震，希望能够预测下一次大地震。根据谓语动词“allows”可知，空处应用非谓语动词；动词短语allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，符合句意，故应用动词不定式。故填to study。 2．考查介词。句意：科学家们正在利用新技术，使他们能够研究数以百万计的小地震，希望能够预测下一次大地震。介词短语in the hope of表示“抱着……的希望”，后可接动名词作宾语，符合句子和句意。故填of。 3．考查过去分词。句意：当地地质专家Patrick Abbott解释说，这表明先进的计算机技术现在能够读取以前记录的地震次数的10倍。根据谓语动词“is”可知，空处应用非谓语动词，修饰名词“earthquakes”，作定语，并与其形成被动关系，表示“被记录的地震”，故应用过去分词。故填recorded。 4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自19世纪以来，我们就知道地震是成群发生的。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语“since the 1800s”可知，应用现在完成时，表示自19世纪以来已经完成的动作；主语是“We”，谓语为复数。故填have known。 5．考查并列连词。句意：但直到地震发生后，我们才能够区分前震和大震。介词短语between...and...表示“在……和……之间”，符合句子和句意。故填and。 6．考查人称代词。句意：你可以这样开始：这是一次地震的震动，这是另一次地震的震动，然后试着把它们都分类。分析句子可知，空处作宾语成分，故应用宾格形式，指代前面提到的各次地震的震动。故填them。 7．考查副词。句意：事实证明，地震的次数几乎是我们想象的10倍。分析句子可知，空处应用副词，修饰动词“is”，作状语。故填exactly。 8．考查定语从句关系词。句意：新技术显示了一些以前从未被捕捉到的小地震。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“small earthquakes”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。 9．考查动名词。句意：这些地震被认为是看不见的，但通过现在的集体观测，科学家们可以看到这些地震发生在4.0级地震之前的地方。根据介词“by”可知，空处应用动名词，作宾语，表示“通过做某事的方式”。故填seeing。 10．考查名词复数。句意：他说，这项研究并不能解决预测地震的问题，但是观察小地震的发生时间可以让研究人员更好地预测更大的地震。分析句子可知，空处应用名词，作宾语；researcher表示“研究人员”，为可数名词，符合句意，应用复数形式，表示泛指。故填researchers。 Passage 5 The main structure of the Datengxia water resources management facility in Southwest China has been completed four months ahead 1 schedule, the Ministry of Water Resources said on Saturday. The project, 2 is located in the Xijiang River, has eight power generation 3 (unit), each with an installed capacity of 200,000 kilowatts (千瓦). It can 4 (annual) generate more than 6 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. In cooperation with other reservoirs (水库), the project can help Wuzhou, a city with 5 population of over 2.8 million in Guangxi, deal with once-in-a-hundred-year floods. Previously, the city was only able to hold floods that occur once every 50 years. The project also enables some cities in the Pearl River Delta 6 (resist) floods that happen once every two centuries. The ministry said the Datengxia facility will also provide strong support for rural development, offering irrigation (灌溉) water to 80,000 hectares of farmland and 7 (address) drinking water shortage for almost 1.4 million people in Guangxi. The project has already played 8 (significance) roles in the past three years when it was put into trial operation. For example, in June last year, it helped prevent 9 store about 700 million cubic meters of floodwater when the Xijiang River 10 (hit) by a flood. In the peak, it reduced water flow by 3,500 cubic meters per second. 【答案】1．of 2．which 3．units 4．annually 5．a 6．to resist 7．addressing 8．significant 9．and 10．was hit 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，报道了大藤峡水资源管理项目的竣工及它对广西水利枢纽的影响。 1．考查介词。句意：水利部周六表示，中国西南部大藤峡水资源管理设施的主体结构已提前四个月完工。ahead of schedule意思为：提前，为固定短语。故填of。 2．考查定语从句。句意：该项目位于西江流域，共有8台发电机组，每台装机容量为20万千瓦。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为project，作从句的主语，表示事物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3．考查名词。句意同上。unit意思为：单元，此处为与eight搭配，用名词复数形式units。故填units。 4．考查副词。句意：它每年可以产生超过60亿千瓦时的电力。空处修饰动词generate，用副词作状语。故填annually。 5．考查冠词。句意：与其他水库合作，该项目可以帮助广西梧州这个拥有280多万人口的城市应对百年一遇的洪水。a population of意思为：人口数量为，其后搭配人口数，符合题意。故填a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目还使珠江三角洲的一些城市能够抵御每两个世纪发生一次的洪水。enable sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意思为：让某人做某事，空处缺少不定式作宾补。故填to resist。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：该部表示，大藤峡设施还将为农村发展提供强有力的支持，为8万公顷农田提供灌溉用水，并解决广西近140万人的饮用水短缺问题。分析句子结构可知，空处与offering并列，为非谓语动词，作结果状语，表示自然的结果，用现在分词表示主动。此处address意思为“解决”。故填addressing。 8．考查形容词。句意：该项目在试运行的三年中已经发挥了重要作用。空处缺少形容词作定语修饰roles，用significant。故填significant。 9．考查连词。句意：例如，去年6月，当西江遭遇洪水时，它帮助防止和储存了大约7亿立方米的洪水。prevent与store为动词的并列，为顺承关系，此处用and连接。故填and。 10．考查动词时态和语态。句意同上。when引导时间状语从句，空处缺少谓语，结合句子意思可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语西江和hit构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填was hit。 Passage 6 In the grip of a cold wave, with temperatures plummeting below minus 10 degrees Celsius, the plateau county of Jishishan in Northwest China’s Gansu province was jolted from its slumber midnight Monday by a 6.2-mngnitude earthquake, causing death, 1 (destroy) and panic. According to a local villager Ding Xiaolong, he was asleep at home when the quake struck. He felt 2 (fortune) for being able to escape, but he also conveyed deep sadness for his friend who was currently working in the coastal city of Xiamen, 3 (locate) more than 2,000 kilometers away. “I received a call from him after the quake, asking me to check on the situation of his family,” Ding said, adding that he rushed to their house, only to discover that it 4 (level), to the ground, with four people buried underneath. 5 Ding’s efforts to gather over 20 people for help, it proved futile(徒劳的) as it was already too late. All four members of his friend’s family bad lost their lives. As of 10 am Tuesday, a total of 105 were confirmed 6 (die) in Gansu and 11 in the neighboring Qinghai province, with hundreds injured. Members of the Gansu branch of the Blue Sky Rescue Team, 7 Chinese civil relief Group(小组), have set up dozens of tents in the public square of Date village. Local officials have provided warm water for the affected residents 8 (consume) and use for preparing instant noodles. In Dahejia township, 9 the temperature plummeted(速降) to 16 degrees Celsius below zero, over 140 medical staff at a local hospital word occupied treating the injured people. According to first person 10 (account), the loved ones of many of these patients were untraceable in the aftermath of the earthquake. 【答案】1．destruction 2．fortunate 3．located 4．had been leveled 5．Despite 6．dead 7．a 8．to consume 8．where 10．accounts 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国西北部甘肃省高原积石山县发生的6.2级地震受灾情况。 1．考查名词。句意：在寒潮的笼罩下，气温骤降至零下10摄氏度以下，周一午夜，中国西北部甘肃省高原积石山县发生6.2级地震，从沉睡中惊醒，造成人员死亡、破坏和恐慌。根据前文causing death和后文panic可知，此处应用其名词destruction(不可数) 和前后文并列作宾语。故填destruction。 2．考查形容词。句意：他为能够逃脱而感到幸运，但他也为目前在2000多公里外的沿海城市厦门工作的朋友表达了深深的悲伤。系动词felt后应用其形容词作表语。故填fortunate。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。动词locate“使坐落于”和名词the coastal city of Xiamen之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填located。 4．考查时态和语态。句意：“地震后我接到了他的电话，让我去看看他家人的情况，”丁说，他赶到他们的房子，却发现房子已经被夷为平地，有四个人被埋在下面。动词level“夷平(建筑物或树林)”和主语之间是被动关系，此处描述的动作发生在过去动作said之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been leveled。 5．考查介词。句意：尽管小丁努力召集了20多人寻求帮助，但一切都是徒劳的，因为已经太迟了。根据句意可知，后文语义发生转折，应用介词despite“尽管”和名词构成介词短语，作状语。句首字母大写，故填Despite。 6．考查形容词。句意：截至周二上午10点，甘肃省共确认105人死亡，邻省青海省11人，数百人受伤。根据前文a total of 105 were confirmed可知，此处应用其形容词dead作主语补足语。故填dead。 7．考查冠词。句意：中国民间救援组织蓝天救援队甘肃支队队员在Date村广场搭起了数十顶帐篷。名词短语Chinese civil relief Group是单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定，作同位语。连接辅音，故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：当地官员已经为受影响的居民提供了热水，供他们饮用和做方便面。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词water，表示“供饮用和做方便面的水”。故填to consume。 9．考查定语从句。句意：在大河家镇，气温骤降至零下16摄氏度，当地一家医院的140多名医务人员正在忙着治疗伤员。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Dahejia township，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 10．考查名词复数。句意：根据第一人称的叙述，在地震之后，许多病人的亲人都无法找到。根据句意可知，此处可数名词account应用复数，表示“多个叙述”，作宾语。故填accounts。 Passage 7 A 7.5 magnitude earthquake struck western Japan on Monday afternoon, leading to a warning for residents to escape affected coastal 1 (area) of Japan as soon as possible. The 2 (power) earthquake struck at 4:10 p. m. local time at a depth of 10 kilometers, around 42 kilometers northeast of Anamizu in Ishikawa. The Japan Meteorological Agency 3 (immediate) issued a tsunami warning along coastal regions of western Japan, and the first waves were reported hitting 4 coast just over 10 minutes later. Some of the first reports came from the city of Wajima in Ishikawa, 5 saw tsunami waves of around 1. 2 meters around 4: 21 p. m., according to Japanese public broadcaster NHK. Suzu city officials Inlshikawa told reporters that buildings have been damaged, 6 there were reports of injuries. Police in the city said some people were trapped in 7 (damage) houses, according to NHK. No deaths 8 (report) so far. More than 32, 500 homes in Ishikawa were left 9 power following the quake, according to the Hokuriku Electric Power Company. “ 10 (put) human lives as priority, we are making every effort to assess damages — making every effort in disaster response,” Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida wrote on X, formerly Twitter, Monday. 【答案】1．areas 2．powerful 3．immediately 4．the 5．which 6．and 7．damaged 8．have been reported 9．without 10．Putting 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了周一下午，日本西部发生7.5级地震的相关情况。 1．考查名词。句意：周一下午，日本西部发生7.5级地震，警告居民尽快逃离受影响的日本沿海地区。根据句意，此处表示不止一个地区，用可数名词area的复数形式作宾语。故填areas。 2．考查形容词。句意：强烈地震发生在当地时间下午4点10分，震源深度为10公里，位于石川Anamizu东北约42公里处。形容词powerful (强大的)作定语，修饰名词earthquake。故填powerful。 3．考查副词。句意：日本气象厅立即在日本西部沿海地区发布海啸警报，据报道，10多分钟后，第一波海啸袭击了该海岸。副词immediately (立即)作状语，修饰动词issued。故填immediately。 4．考查定冠词。句意：日本气象厅立即在日本西部沿海地区发布海啸警报，据报道，10多分钟后，第一波海啸袭击了该海岸。用定冠词the表特指，指日本西部海岸。故填the。 5．考查定语从句关系词。句意：据日本公共广播公司NHK报道，最早的一些报道来自石川和岛市，该市在下午4点21分左右出现了约1.2米的海啸。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the city of Wajima in Ishikawa，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 6．考查并列连词。句意：Suzu市官员Inlshikawa告诉记者，建筑物已经遭到破坏，并有人员受伤的报道。buildings have been damaged和there were reports of injuries是并列关系，用表并列关系的并列连词and。故填and。 7．考查过去分词。句意：据日本放送协会报道，该市警方表示，一些人被困在受损的房屋中。damage作定语，修饰house，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填damaged。 8．考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止还没有死亡报告。结合时间状语so far，主语No deaths和谓语动词report是被动关系，report用现在完成时的被动语态，主语No deaths复数，谓语复数形式。故填have been reported。 9．考查介词。句意：据北陆电力公司称，地震发生后，石川有32500多户家庭断电。介词without (没有)符合句意。故填without。 10．考查现在分词。句意：日本首相岸田文雄周一在X（前身为推特）上写道：“我们把人的生命放在首位，正在尽一切努力评估损失——尽一切努力应对灾害。”分析句子可知，put用非谓语动词形式作状语，逻辑主语we和非谓语动词put是主动关系，put用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Putting。 Passage 8 Earthquake in northwestern China kills at least 118 people An overnight earthquake killed at least 118 people in a cold and mountainous region in northwestern China, 1 the country’s state media reported on Tuesday. Search and rescue 2 (operate) were underway in Gansu and neighboring Qinghai provinces. The earthquake left more than 500 people injured, 3 (severe) damaged houses and roads, and knocked out power and communication lines. The magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck in Gansu at a relatively shallow 4 (deep) of 10kilometers just before midnight on Monday, according to the China Earthquake Networks Center. By mid-morning, 105 people had been confirmed dead in Gansu and another 397 injured, including sixteen people 5 critical condition. Thirteen others were killed and 182 injured in Qinghai in an area north of the epicenter (震中), according to state media. Another 20 were missing in Qinghai after 6 (bury) in a landslide, according to the China News Service. The earthquake 7 (feel) in much of the surrounding area, including Lanzhou, the Gansu provincial capital, about 100 kilometers northeast of the epicenter. The rescue work was proceeding in 8 orderly manner. Tents, folding beds 9 quilts were being sent to the disaster area. At least 4,000 firefighters, soldiers and police officers were dispatched (派遣) in the rescue effort, and the People’s Liberation Army Western Theatre set up a command post 10 (direct) its work. 【答案】1．as 2．operations 3．severely 4．depth 5．in 6．being buried/having been buried 7．was felt 8．an 9．and 10．to direct 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了甘肃省发生的6.2级地震的情况。 1．考查定语从句。句意：据中国官方媒体周二报道，中国西北部一个寒冷山区发生夜间地震，造成至少118人死亡。此处是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前文整句话的内容，意为“正如”，应用关系代词as引导。故填as 2．考查名词复数。句意：甘肃和邻近的青海省正在进行搜救工作。此处作主语，应用名词operation“（有组织的）活动”，可数名词，作主语，由空后were可知，应用名词复数形式。故填operations。 3．考查副词。句意：地震造成500多人受伤，房屋和道路严重受损，电力和通讯线路中断。此处修饰动词damaged，应用副词“严重地”，作状语。故填severely。 4．考查名词。句意：据中国地震台网中心报道，周一午夜前，甘肃发生6.2级地震，震源相对较浅，震源深度为10公里。根据空后of可知，此处使用名词depth“深度”，表示“10公里的深度”。故填depth。 5．考查介词。句意：截至上午10点左右，甘肃已确认有105人死亡，另有397人受伤，其中16人伤势严重。固定搭配in critical condition“伤情严重”。故填in。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：据中国新闻社报道，青海还有20人在山体滑坡中被掩埋后失踪。介词after之后，使用动名词作宾语，bury和主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用动名词的被动语态being done，或使用having been done，强调动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。故填being buried或having been buried。 7．考查动词语态。句意：周边大部分地区都有震感，包括位于震中东北约100公里的甘肃省省会兰州。feel与主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，即一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was felt。 8．考查冠词。句意：救援工作正在有序地进行。固定搭配in an orderly manner“有序地：以有条不紊的方式进行，按照规定的顺序进行”。故填an。 9．考查连词。句意：帐篷、折叠床和棉被被送往灾区。此处连接并列主语，应用连词and“和”。故填and。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：至少有4000名消防员、士兵和警察被派往救援行动，中国人民解放军西部战区设立了一个指挥所来指挥救援工作。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to direct。 $$