UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版2019）

UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING 必修第三册 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 (主题语境：人与社会——绿色生活) 【单元话题词汇记忆】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识　自测落实 核心考点　互动探究 跟踪检测　运用提升 课时作业　巩固提升 基础知识　自测落实 单元词句背诵 一、阅读词汇——知其意 1. tap n.龙头；阀门 2. tissue n.纸巾 3. smog n.雾霾 4. battery n.电池 5. carbon n.碳 6. just-me-ism n.以自我为中心，自我中心主义 7. gallon n.加仑 8. institute n.机构；研究院 9. chimpanzee n.黑猩猩 10. brick n.砖，砖块 11. wag vi.& vt.(狗)摇(尾巴) 12. quote n.引文，引用(的话) 13. headstone n.墓碑 14. county n.县 15. pedal vi.& vt.骑n.踏板 16. diagram n.图解，示意图 17. disposable adj.一次性的，用完即丢弃的 18. packaging n.包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料 19. honey n.蜂蜜 20. butter n.黄油，牛油 21. yoghurt n.酸奶 22. air conditioning n.空调系统 23. landfill n.废弃物填埋场 24. clean-burning adj.清洁焚烧的 25. waste-to-energy adj.以垃圾作为能源的 26. footwear n.鞋类 27. near-surface adj.近地表的 28. build-up n.增长；加强 二、核心词汇——明其形 1. ocean n.海洋，大海 2. desert n.沙漠 3. recycle vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用 4. flat n.一套公寓房，一套住房adj.平坦的 5. root n.树根 6. shoot n.芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击 7. firm adj.坚实的；稳固的 8. poster n.海报 9. profit n.盈利，利润 10. pm n.下午 11. union n.联合会 12. contented adj.满意的；满足的 13. region n.地区，区域 14. slim adj.微小的；苗条的；薄的 15. rate n.比率，率 16. overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情) 17. former adj.以前的，从前的 18. current adj.当前的，现时的 19. ordinary adj.普通的；平常的 20. therefore adv.因此；由此 21. path n.小径，小道 22. destination n.目的地；终点 23. resident n.居民 24. attitude n.看法；态度 25. plastic adj.塑料制的 26. sum vt.概括，总结 27. overflow vi.& vt.满是，有许多；泛滥 三、拓展词汇——通其变 1. global adj.全球的，全世界的→globe n.球体；地球→globally adv. 全球地，全世界地 2. industrial adj.工业的→industry n.工业 3. extinction n.灭绝→extinct adj.灭绝的 4. solution n.解决，解决办法→solve v.解决 5. electricity n.电→electric adj.电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的 →electronic adj.电子的 6. transport n.交通运输系统，运输方式 vt.运输；传播 →transportation n.运输；交通工具 7. balance n.平衡→balanced adj.平衡的 8. bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的 9. involve vt.参与；包含→involved adj.卷入的；有关的 →involvement n.牵连，参与 10. founder n.创办人，创始者→found v.创办；成立→foundation n. 基础；地基 11. organiser n.组织者，安排者→organise vt.组织，筹备 →organisation n.组织；团体；机构 12. occur vi.发生→occurrence n.出现；发生；事件 13. agriculture n.农业→agricultural adj.农业的 14. proposal n.建议，提议→propose v.建议，提议 15. survival n.继续生存，幸存→survive vi.& vt.幸存(于)；比……活 得长→survivor n.幸存者 16. determination n.决心；毅力→determine v.决定→determined adj. 坚定的；坚决的 17. parking n.(车辆等的)停放→park v.停车 18. disappear vi.消失，不见→disappearance n.消失，不见→appear vi. 出现；似乎，显得 19. tracking n.跟踪→track v.跟踪 n.踪迹 20. official n.官员，高级职员 adj.公务的；官方的→officially adv.官 方地→office n.办公室 21. percentage n.百分比，百分率→percent n.百分数 22. container n.容器→contain v.容纳 23. majority n.大多数→major adj.主要的；重要的n.主修科目；主修 (某科目的)学生 24. indicate vt.表明；显示→indication n.迹象；表示；标示 25. annually adv.每年；一年一度地→annual adj.每年的；一年 一度的 26. pollutant n.污染物→pollute v.污染→pollution n.污染 27. flooding n.水灾，洪水泛滥→flood v.泛滥；(使)淹没n.洪水 1. do my part for sth.尽自己所能做某事 2. not be bothered to do sth.懒得做某事 3. take action采取行动 4. all around the world全世界 5. make sb.’s dream come true (使)某人梦想成真 6. make a difference有影响；有作用 7. suffer from遭受 8. be committed to尽心尽力于，致力于 9. thanks to幸亏；由于 10. work through调整(情绪) 11. come up with想出，想到 12. take part (in)参加 13. cut back on削减，缩减 14. to sum up总之 15. a matter of关乎……的事情 16. come up上来；走近；被提出 1. leave...doing...使……一直…… [教材原句]　Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流…… 2. if引导的虚拟条件句 [教材原句]　Of course，it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.当然，如果世界上只有几个人这样，那 就无所谓了。 3. not...but...不是……而是…… [教材原句]　The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours.新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而 是用鲜艳的颜色粉刷的。 4. with复合结构 In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！ 1999年，“白 色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录 它们的“一举一动”！ 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.词汇默写 一、核心词汇 1. n.海洋，大海 2. n.沙漠 3. vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用 4. n.一套公寓房，一套住房adj.平坦的 5. n.芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击 6. adj.坚实的；稳固的 ocean　 desert　 recycle　 flat　 shoot　 firm　 7. n.盈利，利润 8. adj.满意的；满足的 9. adj.微小的；苗条的；薄的 10. n.比率，率 11. vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情) 12. adj.以前的，从前的 13. adj.当前的，现时的 14. adj.普通的；平常的 15. adv.因此；由此 profit　 contented　 slim　 rate　 overcome　 former　 current　 ordinary　 therefore　 16. n.目的地；终点 17. n.居民 18. n.看法；态度 19. vt.概括，总结 20. vi.& vt.满是，有许多；泛滥 destination　 resident　 attitude　 sum　 overflow　 二、拓展词汇 1. electricity n.电→ adj.电动的→ adj.与电 有关的→ adj.电子的 2. transport n.交通运输系统，运输方式 vt.运输；传播 → n.运输；交通工具 3. balance n.平衡→ adj.平衡的 4. bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→ adj.担心的；烦恼的 5. involve vt.参与；包含→ adj.卷入的；有关的 → n.牵连，参与 electric　 electrical　 electronic　 transportation　 balanced　 bothered　 involved　 involvement　 6. founder n.创办人，创始者→ v.创办；成立 → n.基础；地基 7. occur vi.发生→ n.出现；发生；事件 8. agriculture n.农业→ adj.农业的 9. proposal n.建议，提议→ v.建议，提议 10. determination n.决心；毅力→ v.决定 → adj.坚定的；坚决的 11. disappear vi.消失，不见→ n.消失，不见 → vi.出现；似乎，显得 found　 foundation　 occurrence　 agricultural　 propose determine　 determined　 disappearance　 appear　 12. official n.官员，高级职员 adj.公务的；官方的→ ⁠ adv.官方地→ n.办公室 13. majority n.大多数→ adj.主要的；重要的n.主修科目； 主修(某科目的)学生 14. indicate vt.表明；显示→ n.迹象；表示；标示 15. pollutant n.污染物→ v.污染→ n.污染 officially　 office　 major　 indication　 pollute　 pollution　 Ⅱ.语块默写 1. ⁠尽自己所能做某事 2. ⁠懒得做某事 3. ⁠采取行动 4. ⁠全世界 5. (使)某人梦想成真 6. 调整(情绪) 7. ⁠想出，想到 8. ⁠参加 9. ⁠削减，缩减 10. ⁠总之 do my part for sth.　 not be bothered to do sth.　 take action　 all around the world　 make sb.’s dream come true　 work through　 come up with　 take part (in)　 cut back on　 to sum up　 Ⅲ.课文佳句 1. Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes because bike- sharing is a cheap and easy way ⁠ ⁠. 当地人和游客都喜欢使用共享单车，因为共享单车是一种既便宜又 简单的方式，可以节省能源，减少空气和噪音污染，并享受城市锻 炼的好处。 to save energy，reduce air and noise pollution，and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities　 2. Last August，city officials interviewed about 500 residents ⁠ ⁠ ⁠. 去年8月，城市官员采访了大约500名市民，调查了解人们对环境保 护的态度以及他们采取了什么行动。 3. They’re also setting a great example for others about ⁠ ⁠. 他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样，告诉他们如何在糟糕的情 况下做到最好。 to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken　 how to make the best of a bad situation　 4. They believe that，although recycling waste is effective，the most effective way of solving the problem of overflowing landfills is ⁠ ⁠ ⁠. 他们认为，虽然回收垃圾是有效的，但解决垃圾填埋场泛滥问题最 有效的方法是鼓励人们承担起减少自己产生的垃圾的责任。 to encourage people to take responsibility for reducing the waste they produce themselves　 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. (2023·北京卷)In recent years，researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in ⁠ (industrial) societies. 2. (2023·浙江1月卷)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the ⁠ (agriculture) economy. industrialised　 agricultural　 3. (2022·浙江1月卷)“I’m trying to get more and more people to understand that there are (solve)，” said Ms. Burdeyney. 4. The program counts the number of ⁠ (occur) of any word，within the text. 5. (2023·北京卷)I think you can carry out this activity in an interactive and experiential manner，which means students can participate and have a better understanding of “Green Beijing” through getting ⁠ (involve) in different activities by themselves. solutions　 occurrences　 involved　 Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. (总之)，the majority of people ⁠ (懒得回收塑料制品). 2. (2022·全国甲卷)Ocean pollution is not a rare occurrence ⁠ (全世界)，so ⁠ (我们必须采取行动，保持人 类与海洋之间的平衡). 3. (母亲很难 克服悲伤) after her daughter got drowned. To sum up　 can’t be bothered to recycle plastic products　 all around the world　 we must take action to keep a balance between mankind and oceans　 It is hard for the mother to work through her sadness　 4. (2022·浙江1月卷)Kim Cobb，a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta，is one of a small but growing minority of academics who are ⁠ (因气候变化而减少航空旅行). 5. What you can do now is (为你的梦 想而尽你所能). cutting back on their air travel because of climate change　 do your part for your dream　 Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. 他说的话让我纳闷他真正的意思是什么。(leave＋宾语＋宾语补 足语) What he said just ⁠. 2. 如果万一明天下雨的话，我们将把这次运动会推迟到下周末。 If it tomorrow，we ⁠ until next weekend. left me wondering what his real meaning was　 should rain　 would put off the sports meet　 3. 至于班级活动，在我看来，重要的不是我们组织的活动，而是我 们同学的参与度。 As for class activities，from my point of view， ⁠ our classmates’ involvement that counts. 4. 她把头靠在丈夫的肩膀上，脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。(with复 合结构) She rested her head on her husband’s shoulder， ⁠ ⁠. it is not the activities we organize but　 with a smile of happiness spreading across her face　 核心考点　互动探究 1. balance n.平衡；天平；余额 v.平衡；权衡 ①You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city ⁠ the disadvantages. ②People have learnt the importance of keeping a ⁠ (balance) diet to satisfy their nutritional needs. ③你工作太辛苦了，你最好保持工作和休息平衡。(建议信) against　 balanced　 　You are working too hard.You’d better ⁠ ⁠. keep a balance between work and relaxation/balance work with/and relaxation　 ④小男孩追他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。 When he was running after his brother，the boy ⁠ and had a bad fall. lost his balance　 (1)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B balance A with/and B 使A和B平衡 (2)keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡 (3)balanced adj.均衡的 2. bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦n.麻烦；困难 ①Don’t bother (look) for my umbrella，and it will turn up some day. ②I’m sorry to bother you ⁠ so many questions on such an occasion. ③ really bothers me that they haven’t replied to our letters. ④My older brother couldn’t be bothered ⁠ (play) with me. ⑤We had a lot of bother ⁠ (find) our way to his house. ⑥此刻我不想让她为我的事操心。 I don’t want to ⁠ at the moment. to look/looking　 with/about　 It　 to play　 finding　 bother her with/about my problems　 (1)can’t/couldn’t be bothered to do sth.懒得做某事；嫌麻烦而 不做某事 (2)bother to do/doing sth.费心做某事 bother sb. with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人 It bothers/bothered sb. that...使某人苦恼的是……，使某人生气的 是…… (3)have bother (in) doing sth.做某事费力 3. involve v.包含，需要；涉及；(使)参与 ①(2022·全国甲卷)The more people (involve)，the better the ocean environment is. ②Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves ⁠ (spend) quite a lot of time with students. ③A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses ⁠ (involve). are involved　 spending　 involved　 ④He is busy preparing for the coming College Entrance Examination， and he has little time for relaxation. → ⁠ the coming College Entrance Examination，he has little time for relaxation.(过去分词短语作状语) ⑤得知你们欢迎来自不同国家的学生，我想参加夏令营。(申请信) Learning that you welcome students from different countries，I’d like to ⁠. Involved in preparing for　 be involved in the summer camp　 [特别提醒]　involved (adj.) 作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后 置定语时，意为“涉及的”，如an involved sentence“一个复杂的 句子”，the people involved“所涉及的人”。 (1)involve sb./oneself in (doing) sth.使某人参与(做)某事，使某人牵 扯到某事中 involve doing sth.包括做某事；参与做某事 (2)involved adj.复杂的；有牵连的，有关的 get/be involved in 被卷入……之中；热衷于……，专心于…… be/get involved with 与……混在一起，和……有密切联系 (3)involvement n.参与；卷入；牵连 4. occur vi.发生；出现 ①We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that ⁠ (occur) billions of years ago. ②It never occurred to her ⁠ (ask) anyone for help when she was in trouble. ③他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。(一句多译) a. ⁠ he had left his keys in the office.(occur) b. ⁠ he had left his keys in the office.(hit) c. ⁠ he had left his keys in the office.(strike) occurred　 to ask　 It occurred to him that　 It hit him that　 It struck him that　 (1)sth.occurs to sb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到某事 It occurs to sb.that...某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人突然想起做某事 (2)occurrence n.发生的事；事件；发生；出现 5. proposal n.建议，提议 ①She proposed that the book ⁠ (ban). ②Where do you propose ⁠ (build) such a huge thing？ ③I would like to propose a vote of thanks ⁠ our host. ④他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。 His proposal ⁠ was rejected. (should) be banned　 building/to build　 to　 that the system should be changed　 (1)proposal for sth.关于某事的提议/建议 (2)propose vt.提议，建议；打算；提名 propose (doing) sth.建议(做)某事 propose to do sth./doing sth.打算做某事 propose sth.to sb.向某人提议某事/求婚 propose that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事 propose sb.for/as...推荐某人担任…… 6. determination n.决心；决定；毅力 ①He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ⁠ (determine) our lives—it’s what we make of what happens. ②Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines ⁠ (write) a book. ③Where he once felt like giving up，he now has the ⁠ (determine) to push further and keep on going. ④ ⁠ (determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. determines　 to write　 determination　 Determining　 ⑤(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)他的教练听到了大卫的话，看了我一眼— —那种比任何人都坚定的眼神。(神态描写) His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind ⁠ ⁠. that was more determined than anyone else’s　 (1)determine v.(使)下决心，(使)做出决定；决定；测定；确 定；查明 determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事 determine to do sth.决定做某事 (动作) determine that...决心/决定…… (2)determined adj.有决心的；坚决的；坚定的 be determined to do sth.决心做某事 7. majority n.大部分；大多数 ①One-third of the country ⁠ (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ⁠ (be) Chinese. ②Only a ⁠ (minor) of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking the subway to work are ⁠ a majority. ③In fact，he inspires me to major English in college，to be a bridge between China and the world. is　 are　 minority　 in　 in　 ④When it comes to education，most people believe that it is a lifetime study.(同义句改写) 　→When it comes to education， ⁠ people believe that it is a lifetime study. [特别提醒]　“the/a majority of＋名词”表示“大多数”，谓语动 词的数与of后面的名词相一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动 词用单复数均可。 the/a majority of　 (1)a/the majority of...大多数…… in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 (2)major n.& v.主修；专业 adj.较大的；主要的 major in...主修……；以……为专业 (3)minority n.少数 (4)minor adj. 小的；次要的；轻微的 8. cut back/down on削减，缩减 ①My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking，but at least he has cut ⁠. ②I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson cut ⁠. ③当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老年人就感觉是与世隔绝了。 When their children lived far away from them，these old people ⁠ ⁠. down　 in　 felt cut off from the world　 cut down 削减；删节；砍倒；减少 cut in 插嘴，打断 cut off 切断，阻断，隔绝 cut up 切碎 9. leave sb./sth.doing...“让某人/某物处于(某种状态)” [教材原句]　Well，say you ⁠ while you brush your teeth...比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流…… ①(2022·全国乙卷)They often cover only their eyes with their hands， leaving the rest of their bodies ⁠ (expose). ②(2021·全国甲卷)Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ⁠ (ring). leave the tap running　 exposed　 ringing　 ③What disappoints me is that she leaves me ⁠ (finish) the work by myself. ④So I often think about what exists in their painting works. →So what exists in their painting works often ⁠ .(“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构) to finish　 leaves me lost in thought　 leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 10. if引导的虚拟条件句 [教材原句]　Of course，it there ⁠ just a few people in the world.当然，如果世界上只有几个人这样，那就 无所谓了。 ①You wouldn’t have been so angry if he ⁠ (make) an apology for it，but I guess he didn’t mean to. ②If I (be) you，I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases. wouldn’t matter if　 were　 had made　 were　 ③If it (be) not for the atmosphere，the earth would be either very hot or very cold. ④如果不是您的帮助，我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。 If it ，I ⁠ ⁠ in the English Writing Competition. were　 hadn’t been for your help　 would not have won the first prize　 虚拟语气在if 引导的虚拟条件句中的用法： (1)若陈述的情况与现在事实相反，则虚拟条件句用过去时(be动词 应用were)，主句动词用would/should/could/might＋do的形式。 (2)若陈述的情况与过去事实相反，则虚拟条件句用过去完成时， 主句动词用would/should/could/might have done的形式。 (3)若陈述的情况与将来事实相反，则虚拟条件句用过去时(be动词 应用were)或were to do/should do，主句动词用 would/should/could/might＋do的形式。 跟踪检测　运用提升 层级一 核心知识精准练 过基础 维度1　单句语法填空 1. (2022·北京卷)Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories，sugar，fat and the ⁠ (occur) of common diseases. 2. (2022·北京卷)But using machine learning and artificial intelligence，some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26，000 biochemicals—and that the vast ⁠ (major) are not known. occurrence　 majority　 3. (2021·全国乙卷)Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution，but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot ⁠ (recycle). 4. (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)David determined ⁠ taking part in the cross-country run，his eyes twinkling with great ⁠ (determine). 5. What made us wild with joy was that the majority of our work ⁠ (be) finished at 5 p.m. yesterday. be recycled　 on/upon　 determination　 was　 6. (2022·全国甲卷)We’ve got a ⁠ (found) built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. 7. (2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was (official) unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony，opening its first exhibition：The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 8. After the plane crash，what the ⁠ (survive) could do was wait for rescue on this desert island. foundation　 officially　 survivors　 9. All of us applauded the proposal that every cent ⁠ (use) where it is needed most. 10. We must take our country’s destiny of development and progress ⁠ (firm) in our own hands. (should) be used　 firmly　 维度2　一词多义 1. ①(2023·北京卷)Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures，which lead to lower success rates. ⁠ ②(2021·浙江6月卷)That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. ⁠ A. vt.对……评价　B. n.比率 B　 A　 2. ①(2023·浙江1月卷)I rushed back to the deserted house.It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. ⁠ ②(2023·北京卷)I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. ⁠ A. n.沙漠；荒原 B. vt.背离；使失望 C. vt.遗弃；舍弃 C　 A　 3. ①(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. ⁠ ②Two weeks after we’d planted the seeds，little green shoots started to appear. ⁠ A. n.芽，苗 B. vt.拍摄 C. v.射击 B　 A　 维度3　完成句子/一句多译/同义句改写 1. 尊老爱幼的传统深深植根于中国人的心中。 The tradition of respecting the old and taking care of the young ⁠ ⁠. 2. (2021·全国甲卷)我决定很好地组织这次主题班会，所以我写信征 求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人的建议。 ，I am writing to ask you for advice on which Chinese traditional cultures attract foreigners most.(过去分词短语作状语) is deeply rooted in hearts of the Chinese　 Determined to organise the theme class meeting wonderfully　 3. 我们不应该使自己满足于从课本中学到的知识。 ①We ⁠ learned from the textbooks.(content adj.) ②We ⁠ learned from the textbooks.(content v.) shouldn’t be content with the knowledge　 shouldn’t content ourselves with the knowledge　 4. 我提议我们循环利用塑料制品来降低白色污染。(倡议信) ① ⁠ to reduce white pollution.(proposal作主语) ② ⁠ to reduce white pollution.(propose＋宾语从句) ③ ⁠ to reduce white pollution.(propose doing) My proposal is that we (should) recycle plastic products　 I propose that we (should) recycle plastic products　 I propose recycling plastic products　 5. Most Africans here find it quite hard to live on the amount of money they earn. → ⁠ here find it quite hard to live on the amount of money they earn. A/The majority of Africans　 层级二 必备素养提升练 提能力 提能1　应用文写作 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确 形式完成下面的语篇。 With an increasing number of people living a greener life ① ⁠ (全世界)，our world is more and more beautiful.As a student，I advocate we students should also ② (尽自 己所能) for an environmentally friendly world.Firstly，we’re supposed to change the habit that we ③ (懒得做) pick up the waste.Second，it’s a must that we try to ④ (参 与) the struggle for the environmental protection，refusing to use ⑤ (一次性用品)，such as ⑥ (塑 料袋).Try to walk or take public transportation to ⑦ ⁠ (缩减) the carbon emission.⑧ ⁠ (只有每个人都采取行动，我们才能产生 巨大的影响； 倒装句). all around the world　 do our part　 are not bothered to　 get involved in　 disposable stuffs　 plastic bags　 cut down on　 Only when everyone takes action can we make a big difference　 提能2　读后续写微练 Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 情感描写 bothered adj.担心的，烦恼的 contented adj.满意的，满足的 work through调整(情绪) determination n.决心；毅力 overcome v.克服(困难)；控制(感情)；受到……的极大 影响 动作描写 wag vt.& vi.(狗)摇(尾巴)，摇摆 involve v.包含，涉及；参与 occur vi.发生 come up with想出，想到 take part in参加 cut back on削减，缩减 shoot vt.射击；射中 disappear vi.消失 overflow v.满是，泛滥 环境描写 ocean n.海洋，大海 smog n.雾霾 desert n.沙漠 packaging n.包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料 plastic adj.塑料制的 path n.小径，小道 pollutant n.污染物 flooding n.水灾，洪水泛滥 Step 2.续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段) 　　请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇完成以下语段， 然后核对答 案并背诵该语段。 史密斯先生曾过着满足的生活。他生活在海边，当太阳落山 时，他总是观赏飞翔的海鸟，他的狗在他身边摇着尾巴。然而，一 些可怕的事情发生了，美丽的风景消失了。曾经干净清澈的海水现 在满是各种污染物，如塑料包装和一次性容器。看到空气中弥漫着 雾霾，他心中充满了悲伤。他感到烦恼，但是他调整自己的沮丧并 坚定地参加了呼吁人们减少一次性包装的活动。 Mr. Smith used to . ⁠ ，he would watch sea birds flying when the sun set with his dog .However，something terrible and the beautiful scenery ；the once clean and clear sea water ⁠ such as ⁠ and disposable containers.Seeing ，he was ⁠ .He but he ⁠ ⁠ to call on people to ⁠ disposable packaging. live a contented life　 Living near the ocean　 wagging its tail beside him　 occurred　 disappeared　 is now overflowed with various pollutants　 plastic packaging　 smog floating in the air　 overcome with sadness　 feels bothered　 works through his frustration and takes part in activities with determination　 cut back on　 精读真题提素养/在语篇集训中拓展单元主题 •阅读七选五（ 2021·全国甲卷） Swap， Don’t Shop！ You keep hearing about recycling， right？ But it doesn’t end with bottles， cans， and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make， and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little- sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？ 　36　. It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes， score clothes from your friends， and have a party all at the same time. A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes， the organization of the event， and， obviously， how much fun is had. It’s really easy to do！ Here are a few pointers. ·Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 　37　， and there may not be enough things to choose from； more than that， and it becomes uncontrollable. · 　38　. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home. ·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.  　39　. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. ·Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go，” or turn on a certain song， or whatever.  　40　. And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember， it’s a party！ 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换 来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。 You keep hearing about recycling， right？ But it doesn’t end with bottles， cans， and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make， and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of- them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？ 　36　. It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes， score clothes from your friends， and have a party all at the same time. A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes， the organization of the event， and， obviously， how much fun is had. It’s really easy to do！ Here are a few pointers. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 答案：B 上文“So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a- little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor？(那么，该如 何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的看起来完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服 呢？)”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes， score clothes from your friends， and have a party all at the same time.(这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣 服、同时开派对的最好方法)”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。B项 “Hold a clothing swap (进行衣物交换)”给出了一种处理旧衣物的 方法，承上启下，符合语境。 ·Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 　37　， and there may not be enough things to choose from； more than that， and it becomes uncontrollable. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 答案：A 上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.(邀请5到10个 人，这样你就有一个很好的选择)”说明了应该邀请的人数。下文 “and there may not be enough things to choose from； more than that， and it becomes uncontrollable (可能没有足够的东西可供选 择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制)”说明多于或少于一定数 量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。A项“Less people than that (少于这些 人)”提出一种假设，和下文中more than that相对，说明人数不宜太 多，也不能太少，符合语境。 · 　38　. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 答案：G 下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their ‘new’ clothes home.(他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把 他们的‘新’衣服带回家)”说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣 服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition (告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服)”说明去参加衣物交换 的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中bring和下文中的carry相对，都是 为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中they 指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。 ·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.  　39　. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 答案：F 上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.(把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方)”指出衣服应该 归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.(在房间 周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子)”提到 了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具 体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots (让每个 人的衣服都放在相应的位置上)”说明每个人都应该按照不同类 型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。 ·Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go，” or turn on a certain song， or whatever.  　40　. And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember， it’s a party！ A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 答案：D 上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say ‘go，’ or turn on a certain song， or whatever.(设置开始时间。也许你说‘开始’，或者打开一首 歌，或者无论什么)”讲到打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开 始。下文“And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember， it’s a party！(别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这 是个派对！)”讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。D项 “Just keep music playing throughout (要始终播放音乐)”承上启下， 说明在派对上要有音乐，与上文形成意义上的一致，符合题意。 【词汇识记】 1. amount n.数量 2. pile v.堆积，积累 3. organization n.组织，机构 4. select vt.挑选；选择→selection n.选择 【难句分析】 One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. [译文选择] A. 交换的一个基本规则是，每个人在拿走衣服前都必须试穿一 下——衣服在穿上时总会看上去不一样。 B. 交换的一个基本规则是，每个人在拿走衣服前都必须试穿一 下——衣服在穿上时和不穿时看起来的样子一样。(A) A [结构分析] 句子的主语是One of the ground rules of the swap，谓语结构是should be，后面的that引导表语从句，从句中的主干部分是everyone must try on the clothes，后面是before引导的时间状语从句，破折号后是 解释说明的内容，解释为什么要拿走之前试穿这些衣服。 课时作业　巩固提升 主题语篇素养强化 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·河南检测)FitzGerald is a 16-year-old long-distance runner from Devon，England，who has set a national record in the under-17s 3，000 meters，but now she’s getting noticed for her commitment to saving the planet. FitzGerald finished fourth in the under-20s race at the European Cross Country Championships in Italy last December，but her journey to get there made it even more impressive.To reach Turin in Italy， FitzGerald could have taken a quick flight.However，flying releases carbon dioxide.Instead，she took an overnight coach to Lille in France，then trains to first Paris，then Turin，cycling between stations.Despite her tiring journey，she beat athletes three years older than her. FitzGerald turned down the chance to compete at the World Athletics Cross Country Championships in Bathurst，Australia.She told Athletics Weekly magazine that the decision wasn’t easy but that travelling fills her “with deep concern”.“To have the opportunity to compete for Great Britain in Australia is a privilege，” FitzGerald said.“However，I would never be comfortable flying in the knowledge that people could be losing their livelihoods，homes and loved ones as a result.The least I can do is voice my solidarity (团结一 致) with those suffering on the front line of climate breakdown.” FitzGerald’s refusal to fly has led people to compare her to the climate activist Thunberg，who once travelled to New York by boat.FitzGerald could travel by ship to Australia，but it would take her more than a month to get there.FitzGerald knows her choice to put the needs of the Earth first could affect her athletics career，but she has to act as if it’s an emergency. Champions for Earth，an organization for environmentally friendly athletes，said：“She is looking for sponsors and supporters who can help her with the more expensive public transport， accommodation and eco-friendly kit that she requires.It is clear that FitzGerald has the steely determination and focus，combined with the courage and clarity to face a reality quite different to athletes of previous generations.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了16岁的越野长 跑运动员FitzGerald是位环保主义者。为了减少碳排放，她不乘坐 飞机，并因此放弃了在澳大利亚举行的越野长跑比赛。 1. Why did FitzGerald make headlines？ A. Because she chose green transport instead of a flight to Italy. B. Because she made a national record in 3，000 meters in England. C. Because she devoted all her time to eco-environment in England. D. Because she won the champion in the cross country race in Italy. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，FitzGerald成为头条新闻是因为她 选择了绿色交通，而不是坐飞机去意大利。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2. What caused FitzGerald to refuse the competition in Australia？ A. Ungreen travelling. B. Tiring competing in Italy. C. Changeable climate on the way. D. Affected athletics career. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第三段“However，I would never be comfortable flying in the knowledge that people could be losing their livelihoods， homes and loved ones as a result.(然而，如果我知道人们可能因此失 去生计、家园和亲人，我就永远不会安心飞行)”可知，FitzGerald 拒绝参加澳大利亚的比赛，是因为去往澳大利亚需要乘坐飞机，此 交通方式不环保。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3. What do FitzGerald and Thunberg have in common？ A. Acting immediately if there is an emergency. B. Preferring taking the ship instead of the flight. C. Spending all their life in protecting the environment. D. Choosing the eco-friendly means of transportation. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第四段“FitzGerald’s refusal to fly has led people to compare her to the climate activist Thunberg，who once travelled to New York by boat.(FitzGerald拒绝坐飞机让人们将她与气候活动家 Thunberg相提并论，Thunberg曾乘船前往纽约)”可知，FitzGerald 和Thunberg的共同之处是她们都选择环保的交通工具。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4. Which can best describe FitzGerald according to Champions for Earth？ A. Honest and outgoing. B. Determined and concentrated. C. Attractive and modest. D. Courageous and humorous. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is clear that FitzGerald has the steely determination and focus，combined with the courage and clarity to face a reality quite different to athletes of previous generations.(很明显， FitzGerald有着钢铁般的决心和专注力，再加上勇气和清晰，能够 面对与前几代运动员截然不同的现实)”可知，FitzGerald是有决心 并专注的，可用determined和concentrated描述她，故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B (2023·福建福州测试)How does an ecosystem (生态系统) work？ What makes the populations of different species the way they are？ Why are there so many flies and so few wolves？ To find an answer， scientists have built mathematical models of food webs，noting who eats whom and how much each one eats. With such models，scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.Most food webs，for instance，consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.When a predator (掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey (猎物)，the two species are strongly linked； when a predator lives on various species，they are weakly linked.Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.If a predator can eat several species，it can survive the extinction (灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare，the switch allows the original prey to recover.The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable，where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems.In the 1960s，scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true.In the ocean，we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale，while on land，we killed off large predators such as wolves.These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models.Ideally，the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.Prevention is key，scientists say，because once ecosystems pass their tipping point (临界点)，it is remarkably difficult for them to return. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了借助食物网的 数学模型，科学家们发现了一些食物网运行的关键原则。科学家们 说一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们就很难再回来。科学家们 已经建立了一个基于数学模型的预警系统，该系统将会发出信号告 诉我们人类活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，允许我们采取措施将生态 系统从边缘拉回来。 5. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs？ A. The living habits of species in food webs. B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems. C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems. D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With such models，scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.”可 知，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了食物网中的一些 关键原则。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6. A strong link is found between two species when a predator  　　　　. A. has a wide food choice B. can easily find new prey C. sticks to one prey species D. can quickly move to another place 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When a predator always eats huge numbers of a single prey，the two species are strongly linked； when a predator lives on various species，they are weakly linked.”可知，当捕食者总是吃大量的单一猎物时，这两个物 种是紧密相连的。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline？ A. The prey species they directly attack will die out. B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators. C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged. D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，如果食物链顶级食肉动物的数量大 大下降，其他物种的种群将经历意想不到的变化。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in paragraph 4？ A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems. B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats. C. Species of commercial value dominate other species. D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，无计划的人类活动极大地影响了生 态平衡。由此可推断出，不受控制的人类活动会极大地破坏生态系 统。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历 介绍了独自旅行的好处。 (2024·福建福州检测)Traveling itself is an experience hard to be described in words. 　1　 Especially the solo (独自) traveling experience is so transforming that it lives with you forever.Here I am sharing some lessons. 1 2 3 4 5 A. I want to experience more. B. But all this changed with my first solo trip. C. I never thought I would travel alone in my life. D. I was so scared when I went to school first time. E. Every journey prepares you for the journey of life. F. The farther you travel，the more independent you become. G. After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times. 答案：E 1 2 3 4 5 根据上下文可知，本段陈述了旅行对人的好处。由此可知，空处内 容应与上下文一致，讲旅行的好处。E项“Every journey prepares you for the journey of life.(每一次旅行都会让你为人生的旅程做好准 备)”符合语境。故选E。 1 2 3 4 5  　2　 Thinking how I would manage my entire day among strangers on campus，I pretended to be sick.Then I had the same feeling when I was planning to travel alone.Exploring a city on my own was a big fear for me but I successfully managed it all and now，I seek out new opportunities and experiences.I love to push myself. 　3　 1 2 3 4 5 A. I want to experience more. B. But all this changed with my first solo trip. C. I never thought I would travel alone in my life. D. I was so scared when I went to school first time. E. Every journey prepares you for the journey of life. F. The farther you travel，the more independent you become. G. After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 2. 根据下文“Thinking how I would manage my entire day among strangers on campus，I pretended to be sick.(想着如何在校园里与陌 生人相处一整天，我假装生病了)”推知，作者上学第一天非常害 怕。D项“I was so scared when I went to school first time.(我第一次 上学的时候非常害怕)”符合语境。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5  　2　 Thinking how I would manage my entire day among strangers on campus，I pretended to be sick.Then I had the same feeling when I was planning to travel alone.Exploring a city on my own was a big fear for me but I successfully managed it all and now，I seek out new opportunities and experiences.I love to push myself. 　3　 1 2 3 4 5 A. I want to experience more. B. But all this changed with my first solo trip. C. I never thought I would travel alone in my life. D. I was so scared when I went to school first time. E. Every journey prepares you for the journey of life. F. The farther you travel，the more independent you become. G. After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 3. 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“...now，I seek out new opportunities and experiences.I love to push myself.(……现在，我寻 求新的机会和经验。我喜欢鞭策自己)”可知，经历挑战后，作者 寻求新的机会和体验。由此推知，A项“I want to experience more.(我想体验更多)”符合语境。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 Having grown up and lived all my life in a single place，I had a small set of friends since my school days which continued till my college days. 　4　 I met a few very interesting people with whom I could feel an instant connection and got some new friends for life. 1 2 3 4 5 A. I want to experience more. B. But all this changed with my first solo trip. C. I never thought I would travel alone in my life. D. I was so scared when I went to school first time. E. Every journey prepares you for the journey of life. F. The farther you travel，the more independent you become. G. After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 根据上下文可知，作者从前只有一小群固定的朋友，没有走出自己 出生和长大的地方，但后来他遇到了一些有趣的人，并和他们成为 朋友。结合本文讲述独自旅行的好处推知，空处应陈述一次独自旅 行改变了作者。B项“But all this changed with my first solo trip.(但 这一切随着我第一次独自旅行而改变)”符合语境，承上启下。故 选B。 1 2 3 4 5 I totally agree that traveling with family and friends is fun and enjoying.But traveling alone is satisfying too.It’s among those few things that you do for yourself and nobody else. 　5　 During my solo travels I have explored my inner self and have expanded my boundaries which people around me have acknowledged at times. 1 2 3 4 5 A. I want to experience more. B. But all this changed with my first solo trip. C. I never thought I would travel alone in my life. D. I was so scared when I went to school first time. E. Every journey prepares you for the journey of life. F. The farther you travel，the more independent you become. G. After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文“I totally agree that traveling with family and friends is fun and enjoying.But traveling alone is satisfying too.It’s among those few things that you do for yourself and nobody else.(我完全同意与家人和朋友一起旅行是有趣和享受的。但独 自旅行也令人满意。这是你为自己而不是为别人做的少数几件 事之一)”可知，相较于和家人朋友一起旅行，独自旅行是为自 己做的事情。由此推知，空处应陈述独自旅行的好处。G项 “After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times.(毕竟你有时也需要照顾好自己)”符合语境。故选G。 1 2 3 4 5 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国在城乡 绿色发展方面取得的成就以及未来的举措。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　 (2023·东北师范大学附属中学检测)The total floor area of China’s green buildings has been over 6.6 billion square meters with the country’s efforts to promote high-quality development in urban and rural areas. 1.  　　　　　　 (note) China’s achievements of green development in urban and rural areas，the vice minister of housing and urban-rural development 2. 　　　　　　 (stress) the difficult task of saving energy and reducing carbon emissions in urban and rural construction at a press conference on Monday. 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：住房和城乡建设部副部长在周一的新闻 发布会上提到了中国在城乡绿色发展方面取得的成就，强调了在城 乡建设中节能减排的艰巨任务。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动 词，设空处在句中只能用非谓语动词形式，其主语与动词note之间 为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，整个分词短语作状语，设空 处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Noting。 答案：Noting 2. 考查时态。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓 语，应用动词；主语与动词stress之间为主动关系，结合时间状语 on Monday可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填 stressed。 答案：stressed The ministry will make continuous efforts 3.______________ (increase) the proportion of green buildings，raise building energy efficiency standards and popularize buildings with extra-low energy 4. 　　　　　　 (consume) in regions with suitable climate conditions.It will also promote green renovation of existing buildings to improve energy efficiency and make 5. 　　　　　　 (low) carbon emissions. 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：生态环境部(原环保部)将继续努力提高 绿色建筑的比例，提高建筑能效标准，并在气候条件适宜的地区推 广超低能耗建筑。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能 填非谓语动词形式；结合句意可知，设空处在句中表示目的，应用 to do不定式。故填to increase。 答案：to increase 4. 考查词性转换。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，设空处受前面 extra-low energy的修饰，应用名词，energy consumption表示“能 耗”，设空处应填consumption。 答案：consumption 5. 考查比较级。句意：它还将推动现有建筑的绿色改造，以提高能 源效率，降低碳排放。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的 carbon emissions，结合句意可知，此处表示“降低碳排放”，与过 去存在对比，应用形容词的比较级。故填lower。 答案：lower China issued a guideline 6. 　　　　　　 supports green development in urban and rural areas recently.Institutional mechanisms and policy systems for green development in urban and rural areas will be 7. 　　　　　　 (basic) established by 2025，while green development will cover urban and rural areas 8. 　　　　　　 a comprehensive way by 2035，with 9. 　　　　　　 increased cut in carbon emissions. 6. 考查定语从句。句意：近日，中国发布了支持城乡绿色发展的指 导意见。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个限制性定语从句， 修饰前面的guideline，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，先行词 表示物，应用that或which引导。故填that/which。 答案：that/which 7. 考查词性转换。句意：到2025年，城乡绿色发展体制机制和政策 体系基本建立，到2035年，绿色发展全面覆盖城乡，碳减排力度进 一步加大。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作状语，修饰动词，应用 副词；basic的副词形式为basically，表示“基本上，大体上”。故 填basically。 答案：basically 8. 考查介词。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，设空处在句中连接 两个名词性短语，应用介词；结合句意可知，此处指“以一种全面 的方式”，应用介词in，表示方式方法。故填in。 答案：in 9. 考查冠词。句意见第7题解析。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限 定后面的increased cut，cut表示“削减”，为可数名词，此处为单 数形式，故设空处应用不定冠词，表示泛指，increased为发音以元 音音素开头的词，应用an。故填an。 答案：an The ministry will state a 14th five-year plan on urban and rural living environment planning and take 10. 　　　　　　 (measure) to bring eco-environment，construction and social and cultural environment into line while promoting green development of regions and cities. 10. 考查名词的数。句意：生态环境部(原环保部)将制定“十四 五”城乡人居环境规划，并采取措施，在促进区域和城市绿色发展 的同时，将生态环境、建筑和社会文化环境相结合。分析句子可 知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；measure为可数名词，表示 “措施”，设空处前面没有冠词，故此处应用复数形式。故填 measures。 答案：measures 语言运用综合提升 Ⅰ.完形填空 (2023·云南昆明模拟)Kristin Schell is the founder of the Turquoise Table.It is a movement of ordinary people who want to create a  　1　 right in their own front yards. Ten years ago，the Schells moved to a new home.One day，Kristin  　2　 some furniture for a party in the backyard，so she bought a few picnic tables from a market.The delivery driver set one table down in her front yard  　3　，and Kristin couldn’t get the  　4　 out of her head.“After the party，I painted the  　5　 turquoise—my favorite color—and left it in the front yard，just a few feet from the sidewalk，” she says. That turquoise table became the place Kristin and her kids  　6　. They used to do activities at the kitchen table，but they now did them out front at the picnic table.They played games，did crafts and ate snacks.New neighbors began to stop by to  　7　 themselves and sit down for a  　8　.Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea.“It was a simple way to slow down and  　9　 with others，” she says.The turquoise table was  　10　 and had a shared feel. She likes how the table enables her to take a small step to  　11　 the loneliness，meanwhile building  　12　 relationships in her community.“People’s  　13　 need is to know that they are  　14　 and a sense of belonging，” she adds. Nowadays，thousands of turquoise tables  　15　 in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了绿松石餐 桌的创始人克里斯汀·谢尔发明绿松石餐桌的过程和感想。 1. A. fence B. post C. stage D. community 答案：D 句意：这是一场普通人的运动，他们想在自己的前院建立一个社 区。A. fence栅栏；B. post邮政；C. stage阶段；D. community社 区。根据下文的front yards可知，此处是指在前院创建“社区”。 且文章倒数第二段的relationships in her community也是提示。故选 D项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 2. A. needed B. repaired C. painted D. decorated 答案：A 句意：一天，克里斯汀需要为后院的聚会准备一些家具，所以她从 市场上买了几张野餐桌。A. needed需要；B. repaired修理；C. painted涂，画；D. decorated装饰。根据下文“so she bought a few picnic tables from a market (于是她从市场上买了几张野餐桌)”可 知，此处是指她“需要”一些家具。故选A项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 3. A. by design B. by mistake C. in anger D. in excitement 答案：B 句意：送货司机不小心错把一张桌子放在了她的前院，克里斯汀无 法将这一幕从她的脑海中抹去。A. by design故意地；B. by mistake 错误地；C. in anger生气地；D. in excitement兴奋地。根据上文 “some furniture for a party in the backyard”可知，聚餐是在后院举 行，因此此处是指送货员“错放”了一张桌子在前院。故选B项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 4. A. person B. name C. image D. address 答案：C 句意见上题解析。A. person人；B. name名字；C. image图像；D. address地址。分析句意再根据下文的out of her head可知，此处指脑 海中的“图像”。故选C项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 5. A. door B. wall C. table D. chair 答案：C 句意：聚会结束后，我把桌子刷上了我最喜欢的绿松石色的油漆， 然后把它放在前院，离人行道只有几英尺远。A. door门；B. wall 墙；C. table桌子；D. chair椅子。根据下文that turquoise table可知， 此处指把“桌子”涂成绿松石色。故选C项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 6. A. complained about B. worried about C. looked for D. cared for 答案：D 句意：那张绿松石色的桌子成了克里斯汀和她的孩子们喜欢的地 方。A. complained about抱怨；B. worried about担忧；C. looked for 寻找；D. cared for喜欢，关心。根据下文“They used to do activities at the kitchen table...and ate snakes.”可知，绿松石色的桌子所在处 是他们“喜欢”的地方。故选D项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 7. A. inspire B. introduce C. reward D. remind 答案：B 句意：新邻居开始过来做自我介绍，坐下来聊天。A. inspire激发； B. introduce介绍；C. reward回报；D. remind提醒。分析句意再根据 new neighbors和themselves可知，此处指新邻居们进行自我“介 绍”。故选B项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 8. A. meal B. chat C. conference D. match 答案：B 句意见上题解析。A. meal一餐；B. chat聊天；C. conference会议； D. match比赛。分析句意再根据空格前的sit down可知，此处指坐下 来“聊天”。故选B项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 9. A. connect B. compare C. consult D. compete 答案：A 句意：她说：“这是一种简单的方式，可以让你放慢脚步，与他人 交流。”A. connect联系，交流；B. compare比较；C. consult咨询； D. compete竞争。根据上文第7题可知，新邻居过来自我介绍，所以 此处指的是与他人“交流”。故选A项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 10. A. rough B. smooth C. frightening D. inviting 答案：D 句意：这张绿松石色的桌子很诱人，有一种分享的感觉。A. rough 粗糙的；B. smooth光滑的；C. frightening可怕的；D. inviting诱人 的。根据上文“They used to do activities at the kitchen table...and ate snacks.”可知，这张绿松石色的张桌子是吸引人的。故选D项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 11. A. suffer B. describe C. ease D. research 答案：C 句意：她喜欢这张桌子能让她迈出一小步来缓解孤独，同时在她的 社区里建立和谐的关系。A. suffer遭受；B. describe描述；C. ease缓 解；D. research研究。分析句意再根据空格后的the loneliness可知， 此处指“缓解”压力。故选C项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 12. A. tense B. brief C. ordinary D. harmonious 答案：D 句意见上题解析。A. tense紧张的；B. brief简短的；C. ordinary普通 的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据下文的“New neighbors began to stop by to  　7　themselves and sit down for a  　8　.Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea.”可知，此处指建 立“和谐的”关系。故选D项。 句意见上题解析。A. tense紧张的；B. brief简短的；C. ordinary普通 的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据下文的“New neighbors began to stop by to  　7　themselves and sit down for a  　8　.Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea.”可知，此处指建 立“和谐的”关系。故选D项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 13. A. emotional B. physical C. educational D. medical 答案：A 句意：“人们的情感需求是知道他们被爱着，并有归属感，”她补 充道。A. emotional情感的；B. physical身体的；C. educational教育 的；D. medical医学的。根据下文的“a sense of belonging”可知， 此处指“情感”需求。故选A项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 14. A. evaluated B. loved C. praised D. mentioned 答案：B 句意见上题解析。A. evaluated评价；B. loved喜爱；C. praised赞 扬；D. mentioned提到。根据第13题的分析可知，此处的情感需求 是指知道他们“被爱着”。故选B项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 15. A. sink B. involve C. exist D. differ 答案：C 句意：如今，在50个州和全球13个国家，都有成千上万的绿松石 桌。A. sink下沉；B. involve涉及；C. exist存在；D. differ不同于。 根据语境推知，此处是指“存在”。故选C项。 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 186 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述“预制菜进校 园”引发公众关注和热议。 Ⅱ.语法填空 　　 (2023·郑州外国语学校调研)At the beginning of the school year， the introduction of pre-made meals into campuses has attracted public attention.Some parents express concerns about the quality and 1. 　　　　　　 (safe) of pre-made meals. 1. 考查词性转换。句意：一些家长对预制菜的质量和安全表示担 忧。设空处和quality并列作宾语，应用名词safety，不可数名词， 故填safety。 答案：safety Pre-cooked food，also known 2. 　　　　　　 meal kits，involve the preprocessing of edible ingredients to produce semi-finished or finished products.These products can 3. 　　　　　　 (tailor) with various condiments (调味品) as needed and may include 4. 　　　　　　 use of food additives.They are characterized by their extended shelf life and convenience for 5. 　　　　　　 (consume).In an ideal scenario，pre-cooked food offers improved control over ingredient quality.With technological advancements，most businesses are adopting 6. _________ (innovate) techniques such as rapid freezing and cold chain distribution 7. 　　　　　　 (preserve) freshness. 2. 考查固定短语。句意：预制菜也叫料理包，就是将可食用原料经 过预加工制成半成品或成品产品。短语be known as，意为“被称 为”，符合句意，故填as。 答案：as 3. 考查语态。句意：这些产品可以根据需要添加各种调味品，并可 能包括使用食品添加剂。设空处为谓语动词，接在情态动词can 后，应用动词原形，主语these products和谓语之间是被动关系，应 用被动语态，故填be tailored。 答案：be tailored 4. 考查冠词。句意见上题解析。设空处修饰名词，表特指，应用定 冠词，故填the。 答案：the 5. 考查词性转换。句意：它们的特点是保质期长，食用方便。设空 处接在介词for后作宾语，应用名词consumption，表示“消耗”， 不可数名词，故填consumption。 答案：consumption 6. 考查词性转换。句意：随着技术的进步，大多数企业正在采用快 速冷冻和冷链配送等创新技术来保持新鲜度。设空处修饰名词 techniques，作定语，应用形容词，表示“创新的”，故填 innovative。 答案：innovative 7. 考查不定式。句意见上题解析。设空处为非谓语动词，表示目 的，应用不定式，故填to preserve。 答案：to preserve “When it involves the long-term health of children，schools must prioritize transparency (透明度) and openness，allowing everyone to make 8. 　　　　　　 (inform) decisions and actively participate in oversight (监督)，” said one parent 9. 　　　　　　 surname is Hu. 8. 考查词性转换。句意：一位姓胡的家长表示： “当涉及孩子们 的长期健康时，学校必须优先考虑透明度和开放性，让每个人都能 做出明智的决定，并积极参与监督。”设空处修饰名词decisions， 作定语，应用形容词，表示“明智的”，故填informed。 答案：informed 9. 考查定语从句。句意见上题解析。分析可知，设空处引导限制性 定语从句，修饰先行词one parent，关系词在从句中作定语，故填 whose。 答案：whose Food on campus must meet security and nutritional standards with strict entry procedures.Moreover，parents should have full information and choice rights，with parent committees overseeing meal selection 10. 　　　　　　 ordering collaboratively，said Xiong Bingqi， director of the 21st Century Education Research Institute. 10. 考查并列连词。句意：21世纪教育研究院院长熊丙奇表示，此 外，家长应该有充分的知情权和选择权，家长委员会应该共同监督 孩子的选餐和点餐。分析可知，overseeing meal selection 和ordering 之间是并列关系，故填and。 答案：and Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2023·山东潍坊二模)学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征 求学生的建议。假定你是李华，请给校英语报Colorful Campus的编 辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 绿化布局； 2. 设计理由。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Dear Martin， ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文]  　Dear Martin，　 Hearing our school is to green the empty space in front of the new library，I would like to share my suggestions. Colorful flowers can be planted in the east part where students will enjoy the beauty of nature.Trees and benches can be arranged in the west section to provide students with a place to study and relax.Besides，the central part can be covered with grass with a sculpture standing there，reflecting the culture of our school. Thank you for considering my opinion.I hope our school will become more beautiful.  　Yours，　 　Li Hua　 Ⅳ.读后续写 (2023·安徽马鞍山检测)One morning，Jack woke up with an aching arm.He touched it carefully with one finger.Ow！ That really hurt！ He climbed out of bed and put on his dressing gown (睡袍)， very，very carefully.Then he went downstairs. Mum was in the kitchen，searching for cornflakes (玉米片) in the cupboard. “We’re out of cornflakes again，” she said，not looking round. “Mum，” Jack began，“I think there’s something wrong with my...” But at that moment，Lucy，Jack’s twin sister，came into the kitchen. “Mum，” she cried，“I’m very，very ill！ Very ill indeed！ My stomach hurts really，really bad！ I am far too sick to go to school！” Mum was worried.She felt Lucy’s forehead.“You do feel hot.But you were fine yesterday.” “I’m not fine now，” said Lucy.“Please，Mum.Can I go back to bed？” Lucy didn’t even want breakfast.Jack tried to tell Mum about his arm.But Mum was too worried about Lucy. “Please just get dressed，Jack，or you will be late for school！” Mum stayed home to look after Lucy.Dad gave Jack a lift to school，and Jack tried to explain about his arm.“I was playing football yesterday and I hit my arm and it still hurts，” he said. “Probably just a bruise (瘀伤)，” said Dad.“I hope Lucy is better soon.She looked a bit feverish to me.” It’s always about Lucy，thought Jack crossly. At school，Jack had to be very careful of his arm.He had to keep it really still.Luckily he could still write with his other hand.At home， Mum was looking after Lucy.She put her back to bed and brought her a glass of warm water.She read her a story. “How do you feel now？” she asked.“Would you like to try a little breakfast？” “I can’t eat a thing，” said Lucy. Mum was worried.It wasn’t like Lucy not to eat anything.She bent down to pick Lucy’s teddy bear off the floor.As she did so，she caught sight of something under the bed. 注意：续写词数应为 150左右。 A huge pile of candy wrappers (包装纸)！ And an empty box！ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Mrs. Smailes，the headteacher，came running to meet her.“I think you need to go straight to hospital.Jack is there！” ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Jack一觉醒来，发现自己 的手臂很痛，想告诉妈妈自己的情况。结果双胞胎妹妹Lucy突然跑 过来说自己的肚子非常非常不舒服，不能上学。妈妈听到后非常担 心，没有给Jack说话的机会就让他赶紧吃完早餐去上学。Jack把自 己的情况告诉爸爸，爸爸也没有重视，话语间还是在关心Lucy，因 为她看起来很严重。 [写作指导] 　　 [思路导引] 1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“一大堆糖果包装纸。还有一个空盒 子！”可知，第一段可描写妈妈发现Lucy是吃了一大盒糖果才肚子 痛后发生的事。 ②由第二段首句内容“校长Mrs.Smailes跑过来迎接她，‘我觉 得你应该直接去医院。Jack在那儿！’”可知，第二段可描写父母听 到Jack在医院后发生的事。 2. 续写线索：发现糖纸——逼问真相——去学校——去医 院——了解Jack情况——后悔 [参考范文]  　A huge pile of candy wrappers (包装纸)！ And an empty box！　Then Mom knew the reason why Lucy didn’t want to eat anything.She pretended not to find these candy wrappers and asked Lucy if she had eaten something strange.Lucy nodded her head and said “of course not” in an affirmative tone.“Well，I think we have to go to hospital because you look not good，” Mom said.Hearing that，Lucy felt scared and guilty because she was afraid of going to hospital most. To avoid being taken to hospital，Lucy told the truth that she had eaten a box of candy.Knowing the truth，Mom punished Lucy to clean her room and sent Lucy to the school.  　Mrs.Smailes，the headteacher，came running to meet her.“I think you need to go straight to hospital.Jack is there！”　Mom heard this news the moment she arrived at the school gate.“What happened to him？” Mom said with a rather worried tone.“Jack’s arm was broken，” Mrs.Smailes replied.When they got to the hospital，they saw Jack was sitting on the chair alone with his arm bound to bandages.Mom burst into tears，asking “How？ You didn’t tell me？” “I was going to tell you but you didn’t give me a chance，” Jack said. Jack’s words reminded Mom of what she had said and done earlier that morning.“I am sorry.My dear baby.I swear I won’t ignore you，” Mom held Jack with her arms. $$