Unit 4 Everyday economics-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版2019）

Unit 4　Everyday economics 选择性必修第四册 (主题语境：人与社会——社会热点问题) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆重点单词 四级词汇 blank adj.无表情的，木然的；空白的；无图画(或标记、装饰)的 n. [C](表格等的)空白处，空格 　a blank expression/face/look 木然的表情/面孔/神色 　a blank cheque 空白支票 financial adj. 金融的，财政的；财务的(n. finance) 　financial crisis 金融危机 　financial difficulty 财务困难 hire vt. (短期的)租用，租借(AmE rent)；(临时)聘任，雇用 n. [U]租用，租借 　hire a bike/car/boat 租自行车/汽车/船 potential n. [U](事物的)潜力，可能性 adj. [只用于名词前]潜在的；可能的(adv. potentially；近possible) 　achieve/fulfil/reach one's (full) potential (充分)发挥潜能 　have the potential to do sth. 有潜力做某事 purchase vt. [正式用语]购买；(以努力等)换得 n. [U]&[C][正式用语]购买；[C]购买的东西 　purchase and sale 买卖 三级词汇 automatically adv. 自动地；无意识地(adj. automatic) expense n. [U]费用，价钱；[C][常用单数]花钱的东西；[复数]开支，花费 　at the expense of 以损害……为代价 　at sb.'s expense 由某人付费/承担费用 　living/household expenses 生活费用/家庭开支 guidance n. [U]指导，引导；咨询；导航(v. guide) 　under the guidance of sb./under sb.'s guidance 在某人的指导下 purse n. [C](女式)钱包(AmE wallet); (女用)手提包(BrE handbag) 二级词汇 abuse n. [U]滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 　drug abuse 滥用药物 　abuse alcohol/one's power 酗酒/滥用权力 *bug n. [单数][非正式用语]突然的兴趣，迷恋；[C]小虫子；小疾病；(计算机程序等的)故障 　be bitten by the...bug 迷上…… calorie n. [C]卡(路里) consultant n. [C]顾问；会诊医师(v. consult) estate n. [C]庄园，种植园；[正式用语]房地产 　(real)estate agent 房地产经纪人/中介 　a housing/an industrial estate 住宅区/工业园区 *freshman n. [C](高中或大学的)一年级学生 input n. [C]&[U]投入(物)；(计算机)输入 vt. 输入 *manufacturer n. [C]制造商；制造厂，制造公司(v. manufacture) mild adj. 不浓烈的，淡的(反hot)；(天气)温暖的，暖和的；轻微的，不严重的(slight)；温和的，和善的 　mild flavour 清淡的味道 sorrow n. [C]令人悲伤的事；[U]悲伤，悲痛 vi. 感到悲伤 　to one's deep/great sorrow 令某人万分悲痛的是 　joys and sorrows of life 人生的悲欢 *sunrise n. [C]&[U]日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓(反sunset) superior adj. [无比较级]质量上乘的，优质的；更好的；(职位、地位等)更高的；有优越感的 　superior to 比……更好 theft n. [C]偷窃，偷盗；[U]盗窃罪(n. thief) 一级词汇 *accumulate vt. 积累(collect)；积聚 vi. 堆积 bonus n. [C]奖金；红利；意外收获 chairwoman n. [C](pl. chairwomen)女董事长；女主席；女会长 conventional adj. 传统的，常规的；墨守成规的；普通平凡的(n. convention) distribution n. [U](商品的)分销，经销；分发，配送；[U]&[C]分配，分布(v. distribute) dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的；被弄糊涂的 equator n. [用单数，常用作the equator]赤道 *exceed vt. [正式用语]超过，超出；超越 forehead n. [C]额，前额 *frustration n. [U]懊丧，懊恼，沮丧；[C]令人懊丧/懊恼的事物(adj. frustrated) *interfere vi. 介入；干预，干涉 　interfere with 妨碍，阻止；干扰 phase n. [C]阶段，时期(stage) subjective adj. 主观的；个人的(反objective) *afloat adj. 经济上周转得开的，不欠债的；漂浮的 *cosmetics n. [复数]化妆品，美容品 discriminate vi. 不公正地区别对待，歧视 　discriminate against 不公正地对待……，歧视…… enterprising adj. 有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的(n. enterprise) *entrepreneurial adj. 创业的，具有创业精神的(n. entrepreneur) *obstacle n. [C]障碍，阻碍，妨碍；障碍物 *supervision n. [U]监督；管理 *thereby adv. [正式用语]因此，由此；从而 ◆背核心短语 1．as to关于；至于 2．a world away from...完全不同 3．row upon row鳞次栉比的 4．be bitten by the...bug爱上……；迷上…… 5．start out开始从事，着手进行；出发 6．make ends meet使收支仅能相抵 7．interfere with妨碍；阻止 8．go into debt陷入债务之中，负债 9．response to对……的回应 10．at rock-bottom prices以最低的价格 11．rent out出租(房屋、房间、土地等) 12．do a further favour for对……更有利 13．at the expense of以损害……为代价 14．be subject to受……支配；受……影响 ◆背单元语块 1．take a deep breath深呼吸 2．struggle to do sth.努力做某事 3．give sth. back to...将某物归还给…… 4．meet with rejection遭到拒绝 5．at the initial phase在初始阶段 6．the entrepreneurial spirit创业精神 7．rush into things仓促行事；匆忙行事 8．run one's own business经营某人自己的生意 9．access to...获得/使用……的机会 10．make money out of...利用……赚钱 11．sharing economy共享经济 12．at the click of a button按一下按钮 13．a win-win situation双赢局面 14．existing regulations现存法规 15．individual preferences个人喜好 ◆句式表达 1．句式：独立主格结构 They stared back, their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next. 他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人对他们接下来会说什么毫无头绪。 2．句式：the only＋名词＋to do She is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start-up bug. 她并不是唯一一个着迷于创业的年轻人。 3．句式：续写佳句之主旨升华(with复合结构) The road to their success is however still a long and difficult one, with many challenges along the way. 不过他们的成功之路仍然漫长而艰难，一路上会遇到许多挑战。 4．句式：advise that... (should) do Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit, she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things. 尽管希望看到新的创业精神，但她也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。 5．句式：As is often the case... As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. 正如世界各地经济活动的新领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度比现存法规和正在进行的监管更快。 6．句式：such＋a＋名词＋that... It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future. 它的扩张速度如此之快，以至于我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。 单元基础默写 第一组　核心单词 1．a high ____________ 高额头 2．go ____________ 一片空白 3．feel ____________ 感到眩晕 4．a ____________ source of conflict 潜在的冲突根源 5．a decisive ____________ 决定性阶段 forehead blank dizzy potential phase 6．____________ a ticket 购票 7．a ____________ climate 温和的气候 8．____________ a car 租车 9．alcohol ____________ 酗酒 10．investigate the ____________ of computers 调查计算机失窃案 purchase mild hire abuse theft 第二组　拓展词汇 1．input n．投入(物)→(反义词)____________ n．输出，输出量；产量 2．distribute vt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销→____________ n．(商品的)分销，经销→____________ n．经销商；分销商 3．guide n．指导，向导，导游vt.指引，指导→____________ n．指导，引导 output distribution distributor guidance 4．consult v．查阅；商量；向……请教→____________ n．顾问 5．convention n．大会；惯例；协定；习俗→____________ adj.传统的，常规的 6．discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视→____________ n．歧视；区别对待，辨别；识别力 7．subjective adj.主观的→(反义词)____________ adj.客观的 8．finance n．财政，财政学；金融→____________ adj.财政的，金融的；财务的 consultant conventional discrimination objective financial 9．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸→____________ adj.悲伤的，悲痛的 10．frustrate v．挫败；阻止；使沮丧→____________ n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧 11．expense n．费用，花费→____________ adj.昂贵的；花钱多的 sorrowful frustration expensive 第三组　重点短语 1．________________ 关于；至于 2．__________________ 完全不同 3．________________ 鳞次栉比 4．_____________________ 爱上……；喜欢上…… 5．________________ 开始从事，着手进行；出发 6．________________ 使收支仅能相抵 7．________________ 妨碍，阻止 as to a world away from... row upon row be bitten by the...bug start out make ends meet interfere with 8．________________ 陷入债务之中，负债 9．________________ 对……的回应 10．________________ 出租(房屋、房间、土地等) 11．_____________________ 以最低的价格 12．___________________ 对……更有利 13．________________ 以损害……为代价 14．________________ 受……支配；受……影响 go into debt response to rent out at rock-bottom prices do a further favour for at the expense of be subject to 第四组　课文佳句 1．They stared back, ________________________________________ ___________________.他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人对他们接下来会说什么毫无头绪。(独立主格) their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next 2．____________________________________________________________________________________ Zhang realised the potential.直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母时，才意识到这里的潜力。(强调句型) 3．She is not ____________________________________________ by the start-up bug.她并不是唯一一个着迷于创业的年轻人。(the only＋名词＋to do) It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that the only young person to have been bitten 4．Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit, she ________________________________________________________ expert consultants before rushing into things.尽管希望看到新的创业精神，但她也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。[advise that...(should) do] advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from 5．________________________ all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.正如世界各地经济活动的新领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度比现存法规和正在进行的监管更快。(as is often the case...) As is often the case 6．It is expanding at ____________________ we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future.它的扩张速度如此之快，以至于我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。(such＋a＋名词＋that...) such a rate that 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2023·全国乙卷)What's more，indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very ____________．(expense) 2．(2021·浙江卷)That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a ____________ (finance) success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. expensive financial 3．I got first prize with my teacher ____________ me.I will work harder in return for his patient __________．(guide) 4．As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again with ____________ mind, you begin to do it ____________.(automatic) 5．Everyone may have his or her ____________ in life. Sometimes the ____________ experiences make you ____________．(frustrate) guiding guidance automatic automatically frustration frustrating frustrated Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．The competitiveness of our price is made possible by our cost control but not ________________________ (以质量为代价). 2．It is easy to ____________________ (陷入债务之中) with a credit card in our daily life. 3．Up to now, officials have not ____________________________ (对这个事件做出任何回应) relevant to food safety. at the expense of quality go into debt made any response to this case 4．____________________ (关于我的性格), I cannot describe it well, but I know I am optimistic and confident. 5．Being out of work and having two children, they ________________ ______________________ (发现很难做到收支相抵). As to my character found it hard to make ends meet Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．不管父母同不同意，他都不会放弃这个计划。 __________________________________， he won't give up the plan. 2．专家建议，青少年每周锻炼5次，每次至少30分钟。 Experts advise that teenagers __________________________________ _____________， five times a week. Whether or not his parents agree with it (should) spend at least 30 minutes exercising 3．一些植物对温度如此敏感，以至于它们只能在凉爽的地方存活，这是自然界常有的事。 ____________________________， some plants are so sensitive to temperature that they can only survive in cool places. As is often the case in nature 核心考点 互动探究 1.potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的 ①(译林选必二U1)With great discrimination，every one of us has the potential____________ (be) a critical news reader. ②People who do not smoke have less potential ______________ suffering from lung cancer than those who smoke. ③(人教选必一U5)His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality，and ________________ (potential) opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production. to be for potentially ④作为一名优秀的老师，埃文斯老师使用不同的方法来鼓励她的学生发挥他们的全部潜力。(写人) As a good teacher, Miss Evans uses different ways to _______________ ______________________________________． encourage her students to realize/achieve their full potential (1)the potential for (doing) sth.(做)某事的可能性/潜在性 have the potential to do sth.有潜力做某事 realize/achieve one's (full) potential 发挥某人的(全部)潜力 (2)potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 2.sorrow n．[C]令人悲伤的事，不幸；[U] 悲伤，悲痛 ①Much ____________ his sorrow, his new house beside the lake was burnt to the ground by a terrible fire. ②Half hesitant，half ____________(sorrow), I murmured, “I owe you an apology.” to sorrowful ③悲伤的泪水顺着我的脸颊往下流，我紧紧地拥抱着父亲，说道：“我又失败了。”(情感描写) __________________________________________，I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed again.” With tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks (1)in sorrow 悲伤地 to one's sorrow 令某人伤心的是 express one's sorrow at 某人对……表示悲痛 share happiness and sorrows 同甘共苦 (2)sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的 3.expense n．[U]费用，价钱；[C]开销；[pl.]开支，花费 ①(人教选必二U2)Tuition fees and living ____________ are much more ____________ than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.(expense) ②This printer you purchased yesterday is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year，we would repair it ____________ our expense. expenses expensive at ③现在，越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境为代价来发展经济这一事实。 Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldn't develop economy ______________________________． at the expense of the environment (1)at the expense of 以损害……为代价 at sb.'s expense 由某人付钱；由某人负担费用 cut down on one's expenses 节省开支 spare no expense 不惜代价 (2)expensive adj.昂贵的 inexpensive adj.便宜的 4.start out 开始(生活、职业、重要阶段)；出发，启程；起初/最初是…… ①(2023·全国甲卷)Weiner starts each chapter ____________ a scene on a train ride between cities. ②(译林选必一U1)Sichuan hot pots are believed to have started ____________in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters. with off/out ③Many businesses started ____________ by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. ④(译林必修第二册U2)Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind—but what exactly are its health benefits? ____________ (首先), physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs. Moreover, exercise is good for your mental health. up To start with start off 出发；启程；起先(＝start out) start up 创立；组建；启动；发动 start with(＝begin with) 以……开始 to start with(＝to begin with) 首先，起初 5.whether...or...“无论是……还是……” ①[教材原句]　Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it's out there.无论是一家我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网上商店，还是一个我们可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已经出现。 ②[教材原句]　Whether we're a lender or a borrower, it's a win-win situation...无论我们是出租者还是租用者，这都是一个双赢的局面…… ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)，____________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. or ②她想知道她们是会及时赶上最后一趟公共汽车还是不得不步行回家。 She wonders _______________________________________________ ______________． ③不管成功与否，我们确实已尽了最大的努力。 ______________________________________， we can be sure that we did our best. whether they will be in time for the last bus or have to walk home Whether we are successful or not (1)whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……”， 即可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。 (2)whether还可用于“whether...or not/whether or not...”结构。 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．The technology has the potential ____________ (change) our transportation systems and our cities. 2．This is the very best offer we can make for you, which is considered ____________ rock-bottom prices indeed. to change at 3．You are to meet with ____________ (frustrate) in the pursuit of success, but through greater efforts your dream will definitely come true. 4．(2021·全国乙卷)Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles... Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 5．We planned to start ____________ at dawn, but the sudden rain ruined our plan. frustration financial out 6．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the ____________ (guide)of a trainer for four or more days a week. 7．Living ____________ (expense) in the city are high, but she manages to make ends meet by carefully budgeting her expenses. 8．At present, the world has about 6，800 languages. The ____________ (distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven. guidance expenses distribution 9．Unluckily, my pet was killed in this accident. You can imagine how ____________ (sorrow) I am now! 10．With the experience ____________ (accumulate) over the years, he ultimately got over the difficulties and attained his goal. sorrowful accumulated 维度2　熟词生义 1．(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. ________ A．奖金；津贴 B．额外的好处 C．(保险公司付给投保人的)红利，余利 B 2．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)As a result，these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space.________ A．无表情的，木然的 B．空白的，无字迹的 C．没有声音或图像的 B 维度3　完成句子/同义句转换 1．老师建议我们好好利用我们在这儿的每一分钟。(advise) The teacher ________________________________________________ every minute when we were here. 2．不管他赢还是输，你都应该赞扬他的努力。(whether...or...) You should praise his effort __________________________． advised that we (should) make good use of whether he wins or loses 3．通常是这样的，有梦想的人会努力克服任何困难去实现自己的梦想。(as引导非限制性定语从句) ______________________， a man who has a dream will try hard to overcome any difficulties to realize his dream. 4．流行音乐是社会如此重要的一部分，它甚至影响了我们的语言。(such...that...) Pop music is ________________________________it has even influenced our language. As is often the case such an important part of society that 5．Every time we get into trouble, he'll come and make every effort to help us. →Every time we get into trouble, he'll come and ________________________________________ help us. spare no expense to/spare no effort to 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 提能1　应用文写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 1．_________________________________ (在政府的指导下), the street stand is gaining its popularity again nationwide. Under the guidance of the government The advantages of street economy can be listed as follows. Firstly, it will fuel economic growth. Secondly, it also brings more job opportunities to people who make ends meet, 2.______________________ (避免陷入债务之中). Thirdly, people can purchase a range of products 3.__________________________ (以极低的价格). avoiding going into debt even at rock-bottom prices As for its healthy development, we'd better take the suggestions below into consideration. Firstly, more proper policies and laws should be made. Secondly, government 4._______________________________ __________________ (应该干预滥用竞争). I firmly believe, street economy will be an effective way to revive the economy with joint efforts (用强调句升级本句：5.______________________________________________________________________________________). should interfere with the abuse of competition it is with joint efforts that street economy will be an effective way to revive the economy 提能2　读后续写微练 Step 1　储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 情感描写 blank adj.无表情的，木然的 dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸 frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧 动作描写 purchase v．购买 discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视 interfere with妨碍，阻止 go into debt陷入债务之中，负债→be in debt欠债 accumulate v．积累，积聚 hire v．(短期的)租用，租借 rent out出租(房屋、房间、土地等) 人物描写 guidance n．指导，引导 consultant n．顾问 conventional adj.传统的，常规的 mild adj.不浓烈的，淡的 freshman n．(高中或大学的)一年级学生 enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的 theft n．偷窃，偷盗 Step 2　续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段) 请从以上词汇中选择合适的词汇，完成下面语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 这个小女孩特别贫穷，家庭负债累累。路过面包店时，她感到快要饿晕了。然而，她找不到去买一片面包的钱。她充满了沮丧和悲伤。她讨厌偷窃。她告诉自己，当有钱时，她会还的。她伸出手，抓起面包，正要转过身时，发现店主就站在她面前。她的大脑一片空白，她不知道该如何回应。然而，店主却告诉她，面包是放在那里供顾客品尝的，并要求她品尝并发表评论！多年以后，尽管她积累了大量财富，她还是保持着去面包店的习惯。 The little girl was very poor and her family 1. . Walking past the bakery，she felt so hungry and a little dizzy. However，she couldn't find money to purchase a piece of bread, 2._____________ _______________________. She hated theft. She told herself that when she had money，she would pay back. She held out her hand，grabbed the bread，and was about to turn around when she found the owner standing in front of her. 3. ，and she had no idea how to respond. However，the owner told her the bread was put there was heavily in debt full of frustration and sorrow Her mind went blank for customers to have a taste and requested her to taste and make a comment! Many years later, 4. ，she still kept the habit of visiting the bakery. although she accumulated great wealth 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·福建泉州质检)We all know your student loan will only go so far.So what can you do to save those pennies (便士) and eventually a pretty substantial amount in the long run？Here is some advice from L&S Editor Marianne Lampon. FOOD —Buy the supermarket's own-brand products：When it comes to items such as cheese，milk，and more，the own-brand products can be bought much cheaper but without lowering the quality. —Coupons(优惠券)，coupons，coupons：It's really worth hitting the Internet for some extra coupons，especially for meals out with a big group.Keep an eye on restaurants that offer a cheaper set menu or that do 2 for 1 deals on main courses. STUDENT-ONLY OFFERS —Freshers' Fair：Say hello to free pens，bottle-openers and a bunch of things you never knew you needed.Freshers get involved! —Student discount in stores and online：Showing your university ID card will save you at least 10% with a lot of online or offline business.As a result，you'll feel slightly less guilty about buying those new pairs of shoes. FASHION The shift from summer to autumn can be a sad time，but it needn't hurt your wallet! —Accessories(配饰)：Basically，wear your summer clothes with warm and comfortable accessories.How about those shorts？Just team them with a pair of tights and you're good to go. —Charity shops：Going there is the perfect way to stay on-trend and buy things at a super affordable price. So there it is！Sticking to some of these ideas will really help save some money in the long run，proving a little does go a long way. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了节约钱的方法。 2 3 1 1．What can you do to save money when eating out with classmates? A．Order own-brand products. B．Use online coupons. C．Search for the set menu. D．Choose student-only restaurants. 答案：B 2 3 1 细节理解题。根据FOOD部分第二段中的“It's really worth ...with a big group ...do 2 for 1 deals on main courses.”可知，上网找一些额外的优惠券很值得，尤其是和一大群人一起出去吃饭的时候，故选项B正确。 2 3 1 2．Where can you get free pens? A．In the supermarket. B．In freshers' Fair. C．In online stores. D．In charity shops. 答案：B 2 3 1 细节理解题。根据STUDENT-ONLY OFFERS部分第一段中的“Freshers' Fair：Say hello to free pens”可知，学生们可以通过新生展得到免费的钢笔，故选项B正确。 2 3 1 3．What is probably the major concern of the targeted readers? A．Taste.　　　　　　　 B．Security. C．Fashion. D．Price. 答案：D 2 3 1 推理判断题。文章第一段尤其是“So what can you do to save those ...in the long run？”揭示了文章的主题，下文的三个方面的做法都是围绕如何省钱展开的。故选项D正确，即目标读者主要关注的可能是商品的价格。 B (2023·山西太原一模)As thrift was introduced into mainstream pop culture, young people started going to thrift stores for cheaper, fashionable finds. Gen Z consumers state that sustainability is an important factor while making buying decisions. Many choose to shop for a second-hand or resale item of eco-friendly products. Thrift shopping may have once been on the to-do list of people in poverty. But now a rise in eco-conscious thinking has caused young people to pop to thrift stores. However, scientists recently have come to realize such trendy sustainable practices could actually be less rosy than expected. Actually, the root of this sustainability dilemma is not only assessing what you use in your life, but the overconsumption. “Buying piles of second-hand clothing doesn't help to build a sustainable future or challenge our addiction to shopping whenever we want them，” says Anna Fitzpatrick, a project coordinator at the Centre for Sustainable Fashion. In some cases, the very existence of second-hand stores can give us a false sense of guiltlessness. Fitzpatrick adds, “We can clear out our entire wardrobe by leaving what we don't want at a second-hand store with the hope that it'll be put into good use. Instead of buying less, we trick ourselves into thinking we can shop our way out of the problem by donating again and again.” While shopping second-hand may seem like fun, or even an adventurous activity for fashion lovers, it's absolutely essential for people of limited budget. With thrifting reaching new levels of popularity, a great many people are noticing a rise in prices at their local thrift stores. This can influence those who rely on the used market for everyday wear. “Actually, they aren't shopping in second-hand shops to be sustainable or cool—they're doing it out of necessity，” says Fitzpatrick. So, when you walk into a thrift shop or really any store, it's important to ask yourself whether it is necessary. While buying second-hand used to be economical and sustainable, it's now about consumption and staying on trend. Just remember, when it comes to your wardrobe, less is more helpful for society and the planet. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了节俭购物开始流行，许多人选择购买二手或转售的环保产品，但科学家指出这种购物方式其中也存在问题。 4 5 6 7 4．Who has become the mainstream thrift store shoppers recently? A．Fashion followers. B．Lower-income individuals. C．Young environmentalists. D．Green initiative scientists. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“As thrift was introduced into mainstream pop culture, young people started going to thrift stores for cheaper, fashionable finds.”和“Many choose to shop for a second-hand or resale item of eco-friendly products.”可知，最近，年轻的环保主义者成了二手店的主流消费者。故选C项。 4 5 6 7 5．What view do scientists hold toward thrift shopping? A．It is a virtue of thrift. B．It is sustainable action. C．It challenges addiction to shopping. D．It comes with worrying effects potentially. 答案：D 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段中“Actually, the root of this sustainability dilemma is not only assessing what you use in your life, but the overconsumption.”可知，科学家们认为，节俭购物带来了潜在的令人担忧的影响。故选D项。 4 5 6 7 6．Why do second-hand stores make us feel guiltless according to Fitzpatrick? A．They can cut down our living expenses. B．They give us good excuses for the waste. C．They are responsible for the environment. D．They provide affordable items for the poor. 答案：B 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Instead of buying less, we trick ourselves into thinking we can shop our way out of the problem by donating again and again.”可知，根据Fitzpatrick的观点，二手商店会让我们感到无愧于心是因为它们为我们的浪费找了很好的借口。故选B项。 4 5 6 7 7．Which is suggested about thrift shopping according to the text? A．Restricting the desire of overconsumption. B．Feeling free to purchase the things you like. C．Making contributions to society by donating. D．Keeping away from cheap and fashionable finds. 答案：A 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“it's important to ask yourself whether it is necessary”及“Just remember, when it comes to your wardrobe, less is more helpful for society and the planet.”可知，我们应限制过度消费的欲望。故选A项。 4 5 6 7 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章从旅游的最佳时间、旅行社的运作流程以及选择一个有专长的旅行代理商等方面针对家庭旅行提出了几点建议。 (2023·江苏南京六校调研) Planning a family trip? Let the professionals handle it. In the ever-evolving world of travel，using a travel professional to decode your family vacation options can really pay off. Here are several things to bear in mind： 1 2 3 4 5 Is it travel time? Planning a vacation takes time，knowledge，patience and perseverance. While the pace of change has slowed，keeping track of the global landscape can still be incredible. 1 He or she uses his or her experience and skills to make even the most complicated travel schedule a reality. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Choose a specialist. B．Choose a destination. C．This is where a travel agent can come into play. D．Travel agents can provide you with a rewarding holiday. E.Travel agents earn money by offering their service in various ways. F．Travel agents benefit a lot from their planning the travel route for you. G．Those professionals can select the brand that best matches your travel expectations. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前的“keeping track of the global landscape can still be incredible”和空后的“He or she uses ...schedule a reality.”可知，空处内容应承上启下，讲述旅行代理商在旅行当中所起的作用。C项“这正是旅行代理商发挥作用的地方”符合语境。故选C。下文的he or she指代C项中的a travel agent。 1 2 4 5 3 Know how it works. 2 Some get paid by travel suppliers such as a hotel or restaurant. Others charge consulting fees sometimes determined by the number of people traveling and the complexity of the trip. Still，others rely on a combination of both. Families also benefit from top agents' access to upgrades and value-added options. Should your trip take an unwelcome turn，a good agent will help with canceled flights，health challenges or the need for a last-minute shift in the travel schedule. 2 4 5 3 1 A．Choose a specialist. B．Choose a destination. C．This is where a travel agent can come into play. D．Travel agents can provide you with a rewarding holiday. E.Travel agents earn money by offering their service in various ways. F．Travel agents benefit a lot from their planning the travel route for you. G．Those professionals can select the brand that best matches your travel expectations. 答案：E 2 4 5 3 1 分析语境寻线索：根据本段小标题“Know how it works.”和空后的“Some get paid ...Others charge ...others rely on a combination of both.”可知，有些人的报酬来自旅馆或餐厅等旅游供应商，其他人通过收取咨询费获取报酬，还有一些人的报酬来源是这两者的结合→对比选项定答案：E项“旅行代理商通过以各种方式提供他们的服务来赚钱”符合语境。 3 4 5 2 1 3 If you are eager to visit a ski resort or explore a specific city，region or country，using an agent with that specialty can give you a bonus. 4 They'll know how to book the best cabins，sort through the meal and activity options and provide insight into how each member of the family might make the most of the sailing. 3 4 5 2 1 A．Choose a specialist. B．Choose a destination. C．This is where a travel agent can come into play. D．Travel agents can provide you with a rewarding holiday. E.Travel agents earn money by offering their service in various ways. F．Travel agents benefit a lot from their planning the travel route for you. G．Those professionals can select the brand that best matches your travel expectations. 答案：A 3 4 5 2 1 分析语境寻线索：根据空处所在位置可知，空处应为本段小标题；再结合本段内容尤其是“using an agent with that specialty can give you a bonus”可知，本段旨在建议选择一个有专长的旅行代理商→对比选项定答案：A项“选择一个专家”符合语境。 4 5 2 3 1 If you are eager to visit a ski resort or explore a specific city，region or country，using an agent with that specialty can give you a bonus. 4 They'll know how to book the best cabins，sort through the meal and activity options and provide insight into how each member of the family might make the most of the sailing. 4 5 2 3 1 A．Choose a specialist. B．Choose a destination. C．This is where a travel agent can come into play. D．Travel agents can provide you with a rewarding holiday. E.Travel agents earn money by offering their service in various ways. F．Travel agents benefit a lot from their planning the travel route for you. G．Those professionals can select the brand that best matches your travel expectations. 答案：G 4 5 2 3 1 根据空前的“using an agent with that specialty can give you a bonus”可知，找一个有这方面专长的旅行代理商会给你带来额外的好处；再结合空后的“They'll know how to book the best ...most of the sailing.”可知，空处内容应是对专业人士会带来什么样的好处的具体阐述，故G项正确。空后的they指代G项中的those professionals。 4 5 2 3 1 Spend your time well. Whether you're traveling with the kids or with the extended family for a milestone birthday or an anniversary celebration，you no doubt hope to return with treasured memories rather than tales of a trip going wrong. 5 With more families learning and working at home，a good agent can help zero in on destinations and lodging options that can maximize your current lifestyle. 4 5 2 3 1 A．Choose a specialist. B．Choose a destination. C．This is where a travel agent can come into play. D．Travel agents can provide you with a rewarding holiday. E.Travel agents earn money by offering their service in various ways. F．Travel agents benefit a lot from their planning the travel route for you. G．Those professionals can select the brand that best matches your travel expectations. 答案：D 4 5 2 3 1 根据空前内容可知，无论是和孩子们一起旅行，还是和大家庭一起庆祝里程碑式的生日或周年纪念，你都希望带着珍贵的回忆回来，由此可推知，D项“旅行代理商可以为你提供一个值得的假期”符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项考古发现：世界上最古老的硬币铸造厂。 (2023·安徽十校联考)Archaeologists in China have recently found the world's oldest known coin manufacturing site. The site 1. (use) to make metal money around 2，600 years ago. It is located in the ancient city of Guanzhuang, in 2. is now China's Henan Province. 1．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：大约2 600年前，这个地方被用来制造金属货币。设空处在句中作谓语，主语the site与use之间为被动关系，用被动语态；around 2，600 years ago是具体的过去时间，谓语动词用一般过去时；主谓the site为单数。故填was used。 答案：was used 2．考查名词性从句。句意：它位于现在中国河南省的官庄遗址。根据句意再结合空前的介词in可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“……的东西”，故填what。 答案：what Using radiocarbon (放射性碳) dating, the researchers came to the 3. (conclude) that the workshop began minting (铸造) operations between 640 BCE and 550 BCE. The discovery of the coin mint is 4. (true) exciting as it shows the existence of a very old coin workshop. 3．考查词性转换。句意：利用放射性碳定年法，研究人员得出结论，该作坊在公元前640年至公元前550年之间开始铸造。空前为定冠词，设空处应填名词，在句中作came to的宾语，故填conclusion。come to the conclusion为固定搭配，意为“得出结论”。 答案：conclusion 4．考查词性转换。句意：铸币厂的发现确实令人兴奋，因为它表明了一个非常古老的硬币作坊的存在。设空处修饰后面的形容词exciting，表示“确实”，应用副词truly。 答案：truly The coins 5. (make) at the workshop are “spade money”. They replaced 6._________ (shell) during the Spring and Autumn Period.The workshop was close to the city's administrative center, 7. suggests that it may have begun minting coins on government orders. 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：作坊里制造的硬币是“铲币”。are为本句的系动词，动词make与其之间无连接词，应用非谓语动词形式作后置定语，修饰the coins；二者在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填made。 答案：made 6．考查名词单复数。句意：在春秋时期，它们取代了贝壳。shell为可数名词，根据前面的the coins和they并结合句意可知，此处需用其复数形式。故填shells。 答案：shells 7．考查定语从句。句意：该作坊靠近城市的行政中心，这表明它可能是根据政府命令开始铸造硬币的。逗号前后无连词，由此可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句内容，应用关系代词which，并在从句中作主语。故填which。 答案：which The new study adds fuel 8. a long-standing debate about the origins of currency. Some scholars argue that money 9. (begin) as a way to help trade between merchants and customers. Others say governments created it 10. (allow) for the collection of taxes and debts. 8．考查介词。句意：这项新研究加剧了长期以来关于货币起源的争论。add...to...是固定搭配，意为“把……加到……上”。故填to。 答案：to 9．考查动词的时态。句意：一些学者认为，货币最初是帮助商人和顾客之间进行贸易的一种方式。分析句子结构可知，argue为主句的谓语动词，后面为that引导的宾语从句，从句的主语为money，设空处应填谓语动词形式作从句的谓语；由句意可知，这里说的是很久以前的事，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填began。 答案：began 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：其他人说，政府创建它是考虑到征税和收债。分析句子结构可知，say为主句谓语动词，后面为省略that的宾语从句，从句中created为谓语动词，动词allow与其之间无连词，应为非谓语动词；结合句意可知，征税和收债是政府创建它的目的，因此用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to allow。 答案：to allow $$