第三讲 名词性从句-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版2020）

第三讲　名词性从句 专项提能 语法突破 朗读下面短文，体会、领悟加黑部分的意思和用法。 What worried my classmate，Mary，a lot these days① was that she put on too much weight and was frequently ill②.She had some doubts whether she ate too much fast food high in fat or sugar③.Also，with the College Entrance Examination approaching，she became so stressed that she couldn't sleep well.Maybe this also led to the case that she became fatter④，she thought.How she could become slimmer and healthier⑤ had been her main task.So she wanted to consult some experts and gain some instructions.But where she could get better suggestions and who would give her better advice⑥ also puzzled her.Her parents gave a suggestion that she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital⑦.Professor Wang suggested that she keep a balanced diet first⑧.She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber，vitamin and protein.What's more，if she wanted to lose weight，she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang when she should take exercise⑨.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o'clock in the afternoon when she would have more time to do sports.Thanks to Professor Wang，Mary has become much healthier now. [用法体悟] ①处为what引导的______从句，what(＝the thing that)在从句中作主语；②处为that引导的____从句，从句内容完整，不缺少任何句子成分；③处为whether引导的________从句，补充说明doubts的具体内容；④处为that引导的________从句，补充说明the case的具体内容；⑤处为how引导的_____从句，how在从句中作方式状语，表示“如何”；⑥处为where和who引导的_____从句，表示去“哪里”咨询和向“谁”咨询；⑦处为that引导的__________从句，补充说 主语 表语 同位语 同位语 主语 主语 同位语 明suggestion的具体内容；⑧处为that引导的__________从句，从句内容完整，不缺少任何句子成分；⑨处为when引导的________从句，when在从句中作时间状语。 宾语 宾语 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 真题试做 技能点拨 核心知识 考点突破 核心考点 针对训练 真题试做 技能点拨 [高考真题练] 主语从句 1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)__________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 宾语从句 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb，for her part，started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____________she could do so remotely... What if/whether 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you_______ tiny we humans are. 表语从句和同位语从句 4．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is_________ they need an English trainer. 5．(2018·北京卷)Without his support，we wouldn't be _______we are now. how why where [微技能点拨] 1．根据主句与从句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。 2．一旦判定是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词(如第1题)；若缺少状语就用连接副词(如第3题)；若缺少表语，有时也可能用连接副词(如第4题、第5题)。 3．如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if (如第2题)；如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。 核心知识 考点突破 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫作名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 从属连词：that，whether，if (不充当从句的任何成分) 连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whomever，whose，which，whichever 连接副词：when，whenever，where，wherever，how，why 考点一 主语从句 在复合句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。 That you don't like him is none of my business.你不喜欢他不关我的事。 Where we can look up his address is still a problem.我们在哪儿可以查到他的地址还是个问题。 有时为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用于以下句式： (1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/ certain/wonderful等)＋that从句 It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow.明天很可能有一场暴风雪。 (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder/the case等)＋that从句 It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.通常情况下，对于那些怀揣希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。 (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided/suggested等)＋that从句 It is suggested that the lab building (should) be built next year.人们建议明年修建实验楼。 (4)It＋不及物动词(seems/appears/happens/matters等)＋that从句 It appears that they have made the same mistake.他们好像犯了同样的错误。 1．It doesn't matter ___________she will come or not. 2．It's possible_____ without journalists this incident would never have been exposed. whether that 考点二 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。 He doesn't know where the post office is.他不知道邮局在哪里。 动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。 He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.他已清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。 3．The scientists can set the fibers' arrangement and spacing，which determines ________the man-made meat ends up more like a burger or a steak. whether 考点三 表语从句 在复合句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。 The question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题仍然是他们是否会帮助我们。 That is because he failed to pass the exam.那是因为他没通过考试。 My suggestion is that you go there on foot.我的建议是你步行去那儿。 [特别提醒]　当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不用because。 The reason why we didn't go was that we were notified too late.我们之所以没有去，是因为我们接到通知太晚了。 4．The reason why she was absent was________ she was ill then. that 考点四 同位语从句 同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，解释说明该名词的具体内容。常见的接同位语的名词有belief (信念)，possibility (可能性)，fact (事实)，idea (想法)，hope (希望)，doubt (怀疑)，news (新闻)，conclusion (结论)，suggestion (建议)，problem (问题)，question (问题)，order (命令)，answer (答案)，decision (决定)，discovery (发现)，explanation (解释)，information (信息)，knowledge (知识)，opinion (观点)，truth (事实)，promise (诺言)，report (报道)，thought (想法)，word (消息)等；引导同位语从句的词有that，what，whether，how，when，where等。 He has made a promise to his boss that he'll return in three days as long as he can get to the destination in time.他向老板允诺，只要他能及时到达目的地，他就会在三天后回来。 The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't been answered.我们到什么地方去开会这个问题还没有人回答。 5．The story goes _______ William Tell killed the king with an arrow. that 考点五 名词性从句中that与what的区别 连接词 句法功能 省略情况 that 不作句子任何成分 引导宾语从句 有时可以省略 what 作主语、宾语、表语、定语 不能省略 I truly believe that beauty comes from within.我确信美丽源自内在。 Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what you're afraid to do.振作起来。勇敢就是做你害怕做的事情。 考点六 名词性从句中只用whether不用if的情况 1．在主语从句(主语从句放于句首)、表语从句、介词之后的宾语从句及同位语从句中； 2．后面直接跟动词不定式； 3．与or not直接连用。 Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.这次会议是否要举行仍然是一个问题。 考点七 “疑问词＋-ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”引导的从句的区别 1．“疑问词＋-ever”可以引导名词性从句，并在从句中充当成分； 2．“疑问词＋-ever”还可以引导让步状语从句； 3．“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。 Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.一些人认为，无论以前发生过的事情还是现在正在发生的事情都会在将来重复出现。(名词性从句) Whatever (＝No matter what) you do，you must do it well.无论你做什么，都必须做好。(让步状语从句) 核心考点 针对训练 Ⅰ.语法填空 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了故宫博物院的情况，包括其历史以及建筑特点。 Countless visitors to the Forbidden City are quickly attracted by its architectural splendor. Covering some 720，000 square meters and 1. (official) known as the Palace Museum, it was home 2. royal families of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Many legends and stories lie behind its red walls and under the golden 3. (roof). 1．考查词性转换。修饰known应用副词officially，作状语。 答案：officially 2．考查介词。结合句意，表示“是……的家”，短语为be home to。 答案：to 3．考查名词的单复数。roof为可数名词，此处表示数量大于一，应用复数形式。 答案：roofs In 2020, when the 600th anniversary of the venue's 4. (complete) was marked with an exhibition, an archaeological project 5. (launch) in October in the western part of the palace compound. The work has been relatively low profile, but discoveries may reveal that the Forbidden City was once even more magnificent 6. it is today. 4．考查词性转换。作宾语，表示“完成”，应用名词completion，为不可数名词。 答案：completion 5．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系；结合上文in 2020可知，用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为project，谓语用单数。 答案：was launched 6．考查比较级。根据上文even more magnificent可知，表示“比……”，应用than。 答案：than 7． (stand) in front of the archaeological site, visitors can easily form a picture of one of the palaces in the compound based on the bricks and stones. Archaeologists have unearthed four square underground foundations made from bricks in the early Ming Dynasty. The foundations were used 8. (support) columns.   7．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，stand在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语visitors构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 答案：Standing 8．考查非谓语动词。结合句意，表示“被用来做某事”，短语为be used to do sth.。 答案：to support Wu Wei, an archaeologist working at the site, said the 1.6-m-high foundations are about 4.4 meters wide, making them the biggest brick-made column footings 9. (find) in archaeological excavations (挖掘) in China. If a foundation is so huge, just imagine 10. grand and tall the column above would be. They may uncover a splendid construction from the early Ming Dynasty that was much bigger than the existing ones in the Forbidden City. 9．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，the biggest brick-made column footings与find构成被动关系，故用过去分词。 答案：found 10．考查宾语从句。宾语从句为感叹句，感叹形容词grand and tall，应用how。 答案：how Ⅱ.写作运用 根据汉语提示补全作文，并注意其中名词性从句的使用。 The Moment I Take Pride in Where there is a will，there is a way.When I began to learn to cook three years ago，I failed many times.But in the end，1. ____________ ______________________________(我所做的饭菜很可口)，because I carried on with it. what was cooked by me was very delicious The first dish was fried eggs.At first，2.______________________ _________________________________(我控制不好油的温度).In order to learn it well，I wasted a great number of eggs.I never gave up until I fried eggs better. it was difficult for me to control the temperature of the oil 3．____________________________________________________________________________ (我学做饭的原因是这使我妈妈完成工作后可以休息).When I saw the smile on my mother's face，I was very happy.I will keep the moment in my heart. The reason why I learned to cook was that my mother could rest after she finished her work $$