Unit 1 Food matters-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版2020）

Unit 1　Food matters 选择性必修第一册 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 (主题语境：人与社会——饮食) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识　自测落实 核心考点　互动探究 跟踪检测　运用提升 课时作业　巩固提升 基础知识　自测落实 单元词句背诵 一、阅读词汇——知其意 1. creamy adj. 含奶油的；像奶油的，光滑细腻的；淡黄色的 2. vinegar n. 醋 3.calorie n. 卡，卡路里；千卡 4. buffet n. 自助餐 5. bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店 6. layer n. 层，表层；层次 7. cream n. 奶油，乳脂；护肤霜 8. ingredient n. 材料，成分；因素，要素 9. chilli (AmE chili) n. 辣椒 10. Sichuan pepper n. 花椒 11. spring onion n. 小葱，香葱 12. sauce n. 调味汁，酱 13. slice n. 薄片，片；部分，份额 vt. 把……切成片；切开，割破 14. dim sum n. 点心 15. cabbage n. 甘蓝，卷心菜 16.wrapper n. (食品等的)包装材料，包装纸 二、核心词汇——明其形 1.mood n. 情绪，心情；气氛，氛围 2. flavour (AmE flavor) n. 味，味道；特点，特色 vt. 给……调味，加味于 3. dessert n. (饭后)甜点，甜食 4. link vt. 联系，相关联；把……连接起来 n. 联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接 5. emotion n. 情感，强烈的感情，激情，情绪 6. native n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人 adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的 7. salty adj. 咸的，含盐的 8. sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的；馊的 vi.& vt. (使)变坏；变味，酸腐 9. bond n. 纽带，联系；连接，结合 10. generate vt. 产生，引起 11. digest vt.& vi. 消化；领会，理解 n. 摘要，文摘 12. lower vt. 降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下 adj. 下面的；在底部的；低洼的 13. cycle n. 循环；自行车，摩托车 vi. 骑自行车 14. enhance vt. 提高，增强 15. boil vt.& vi. 用沸水煮；(使)沸腾 16. fry vt.& vi. 油炸，油煎 17. steak n. 牛排；肉排，肉块 18. pan n. 平锅，平底锅 19. bay n. (海或湖的)湾 20. scenery n. 风景，景色；舞台布景 21. bet n. 打赌，赌注；预计，估计 vi.& vt.(bet，bet) 下赌注，打赌；敢说 22. atmosphere n. 气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气 23. version n. 变体，变种；说法；版本 24. elderly adj. 年纪较大的，上了年纪的 25.bake vt.& vi. 烘烤；烤硬 26. mild adj. 不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的 27.cheese n. 干酪，奶酪 28. bitter adj. 味苦的；激烈的；令人难过的；严寒的 29. loose adj. 不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 30. damp adj. 潮湿的，湿气重的 31. dynasty n. 朝，代；王朝 32. multiple adj. 数量多的，多样的 33. plain adj. 朴素的，简单的；清楚的 n. 平原 34. chef n. 主厨，厨师 35. property n. 性质，特性；所有物，财产；不动产 36. estimate vt. 估计，估价 n. 估计；估计的成本 37. essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的，基本的 38. concept n. 概念，观念 39. stimulate vt. 促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋 40. appetite n. 食欲，胃口；强烈的欲望 41. delicate adj. 精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的 42. emphasis n.(pl.emphases) 强调，重视；重读 43. steam vt.& vi. 蒸；散发蒸汽 n. 水蒸气；蒸汽动力；水汽 44.edge n. 边，边缘；刀口 三、拓展词汇——通其变 1. combination n.结合体，联合体；联合，混合→combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做，合并 2. greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→greedy adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望 的→greed n.贪婪 3. gently adv.轻柔地，温和地→gentle adj.温和的；文雅的 4. association n.联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→associate v. 联想，联系；(使)关联；交往 5. vary vi.相异，不同；(根据情况)变化，变更vt.变更，改变 →various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→variety n.多样；种类； 多样化 6. relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→relief n.救济；减轻，解除； 安慰 7. security n.安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→secure adj. 安全的 vt.获得；保护；使安全 8. impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到 →impression n.印象；效果→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的 9. adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱； 极喜欢 10. foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→fog n.雾 11. expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 →expansion n.扩大；扩张；扩充 12. appropriate adj.合适的→appropriately adv.适当地；合适地 13. consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时 间)→consumer n.消费者；顾客→consumption n.消费，消耗量； 吃，喝 14. innovation n.创造，创新；新思想，新方法→innovate vi.创新； 改革；革新 15. mixture n.混合物；混合，结合→mix v.(使)混合，(使)结合 →mixed adj.复杂的；混合的 1.do the trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的 2. cry out for 迫切需要 3. throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于 4. out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 5. let sth.loose 释放；放任 6. hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要 7. fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃 8. not to mention 更不用说…… 9. refer to 参考；涉及；指的是 10. make up for 弥补 11. vary from...to... 从……到……不等 12. be covered with 被……盖满；充满着…… 13. all year round 全年；一整年 14.take off 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行 常见结构 1. “no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句 2. whose引导定语从句 3. when引导定语从句 4. as...as...和……一样…… 5. 现在分词短语作结果状语 6. what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.词汇默写 一、核心词汇 1. (AmE flavor)n.味，味道；特点，特色vt.给……调味， 加味于 2. n.情绪，心情；气氛，氛围 3. adj.合适的 4. adj.不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的 flavour　 mood　 appropriate　 mild　 5. n.打赌，赌注；预计，估计vi.& vt.(bet，bet)下赌注，打 赌；敢说 6. n.变体，变种；说法；版本 7. vt.提高，增强 8. adj.潮湿的，湿气重的 9. vt.& vi.消化；领会，理解n.摘要，文摘 10. vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来n.联系，连接；关 系，纽带；链接 bet　 version　 enhance　 damp　 digest　 link　 二、拓展词汇 1. adv.贪婪地，贪心地→ n.贪婪，贪心 → adj.贪心的，贪婪的 2. adv.轻柔地，温和地→ adj.温柔的；温和 的；柔和的 3. n.联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往 → vt.& vi.联想，联系；交往→ adj.有联 系的；有关联的 greedily　 greed　 greedy　 gently　 gentle　 association　 associate　 associated　 4. vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同 vt.变更，改变 → adj.各种不同的，各种各样的→ n.不同种 类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→ n.变奏，变奏曲； 变化，变更；变体，变种 5. n.情感，强烈的感情，激情，情绪→ ⁠ adj.情感的，感情的，情绪的 6. adj.咸的，含盐的→ n.盐 vt.用盐腌；在……中 放盐→ n.腌制者；制盐者 vary　 various　 variety　 variation　 emotion　 emotional　 salty　 salt　 salter　 7. vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→ n.宽慰，轻 松；减轻，消除；救济 8. n.安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证 → adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的→ adv.安心 地；牢固地 9. vt.产生，引起→ n.一代人；代，一 代；产生→ adj.一代的，代与代之间的 10. vt.& vi.消化；领会，理解 n.摘要，文摘 → n.消化；消化能力 relieve　 relief　 security　 secure　 securely　 generate　 generation　 generational　 digest　 digestion　 11. vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到 → adj.令人敬佩的；给人以深刻印象的 → n.印象，感想；影响，效果→ ⁠ n.印象派，印象主义 12. n.风景，景色；舞台布景→ n.景象，风 光；(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场 13. adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→ vi.& vt.喜 爱；爱慕 14. n.层，表层；层次→ v.放置 impress　 impressive　 impression　 impressionism　 scenery　 scene　 adorable　 adore　 layer　 lay　 15. n.奶油，乳脂；护肤霜→ adj.含奶油的； 像奶油的，光滑细腻的；淡黄色的 16. adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→ n.雾 17. vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详 述→ n.扩展，扩大，膨胀→ adj.广阔 的；广泛的 18. adj.数量多的，多样的→ vi.& vt.迅速 增加；乘 cream　 creamy　 foggy　 fog　 expand　 expansion　 expansive　 multiple　 multiply　 19. adj.合适的→ adv.合适地；适当 地→ adj.不合适的 20. vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时 间)→ n.消耗，消耗量；消费→ n.消 费者 21. adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的→ n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油→ adv.本质上，基本上， 根本上 appropriate　 appropriately　 inappropriate　 consume　 consumption　 consumer　 essential　 essence　 essentially　 22. n.创造，创新；新思想，新方法→ ⁠ vi.创新，改革→ adj.创新的，革新的 23. n.(pl. ) 强调，重视；重读 → vt.强调，重视；重读 24. n.混合物；混合，结合→ v.混合 innovation　 innovate　 innovative　 emphasis　 emphases　 emphasize　 mixture　 mix　 Ⅱ.语块默写 1. 奏效，起作用，达到目的 2. 情绪低落 3. 好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 4. 无与伦比，无敌 5. 使……与……有关系 6. 投身于，热衷于 7. 使人满意，正合需要 8. 迫切需要 9. 释放；放任 10. 破碎，破裂；崩溃 do the trick　 in low spirits　 out of this world　 be without equal　 tie sth.up with　 throw oneself into　 hit the spot　 cry out for　 let sth.loose　 fall apart　 Ⅲ.课文佳句 1. “no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句 ，that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。 No matter how bad my mood is　 2. whose引导定语从句 In this article，we will talk about a particular type of comfort food ⁠. 在本文里，我们将讨论一种特别的治愈系食物，它的力量主要在于 它所唤起的联想。 whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind　 3. when引导定语从句 When we eat it again，we unlock memories of a time ⁠ ，and this cheers us up. 当再次喝到(鸡汤)时，我们解锁记忆，回想起受到疼爱与关怀的时 光，这就会让我们的情绪变好。 4. as...as...和……一样…… The mouth-watering hot pots of Sichuan are ⁠ ，and... 令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，在国外和在中国一样的出名…… when we were loved and looked after　 as famous overseas as they are in China　 5. 现在分词短语作结果状语 The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation， ⁠ ⁠. 热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有兴致，使这顿饭成为与朋友放松的 完美方式。 making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends　 6. what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句 ⁠ they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours. 我最喜欢四川火锅的一点在于，它们为朋友间的交往提供了很棒的 机会，因为一顿饭能吃上好几个小时。 What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that　 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.词性转换 1. (2023·全国乙卷)Somehow these two very different worlds make a good (combine). 2. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them，one steamer is rarely enough，yet two seems (greed)，so I am always left wanting more next time. combination　 greedy　 3. (2023·浙江1月卷)Over the past few years，many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for (vary) kinds of pollinators，resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. 4. (2023·北京卷)I had put so much time and (emotion) energy into applying，and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. various　 emotional　 5. (外研B2U4)Movies of course need (impress) images，so why has Alice in Wonderland only resulted in movies best described as “interesting”？ 6. (人教B7U4)The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the (mix) was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！ impressive　 mixture　 7. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling (wrap)，encasing hot，tasty soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 8. (2023·北京卷)This is the capacity for a system to create (essential) endless complexity，to be a sort of “novelty generator”. wrappers　 essentially　 9. (2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s (consume) would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. consumers　 Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. These pills should (奏效).You’ll feel much better in no time. 2. The people in flood-stricken area are ⁠ (迫切需要食物和庇护所). 3. Our teachers (全 身心投入他们的工作) of bringing up a new generation. 4. I was (崩溃) because I couldn’t get any sleep at night. do the trick　 crying out for food and shelters　 throw themselves heart and soul into their work　 falling apart　 5. Her performance (使人满意) and the audience gave her thunderous applause. 6. Seen from the hill，the view from the top is ⁠ (美得不得了). 7. While walking dogs，people should not (放任它 们).Otherwise they may be dangerous to others. 8. In my opinion，the value will ⁠ (取决于房子的大小和地理位置). hit the spot　 out of this world　 let them loose　 depend on the size of house and its geographical location　 Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. 这里的生活和我想象的一样有趣。(as...as...) Life here is ⁠. 2. 即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么方言，他们仍然可以 通过书写文字交流。(no matter＋疑问词) Even today， Chinese people live or ⁠ ，they can still communicate in writing. as interesting as I thought it would be　 no matter where　 what dialect they speak　 3. 他在会议期间一直看表，因为他要赶火车。(动词不定式作后置 定语) He was watching the clock all through the meeting，as he ⁠ ⁠. 4. 令她非常欣喜的是，她第一次在竞赛中获得一等奖。(for the first time) What delighted her was that ⁠ ⁠. 5. 大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。(现在分词作状语) The fire lasted a whole night， ⁠. had a train to catch　 she won first prize for the first time in the competition　 causing great damage　 核心考点　互动探究 1. mood n.情绪，心情；气氛，氛围；语气；心境(spirit) ①Having been punished by her boss，the poor girl was ⁠ a very bad mood when she got home. ②Don’t bother me！I’m not in the mood (talk) about the matter any more. in　 to talk　 ③整个镇子沉浸在节日的氛围之中。但眼下玛丽却怅然若失，她们 明天就要搬家了。 The whole town .But Mary，whose family would move to another place tomorrow，was at a loss for the time being. (1)in a good/bad mood心情好/心情不好 (2)be/feel in the/no mood for sth.有/没有心情…… be/feel in the/no mood to do sth.有/没有心情做…… was in a festival mood　 2. combination n.结合体，联合体；联合，混合 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)With the right (combine) of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. ②(2023·全国甲卷)The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine (combine)with modern cooking methods. ③The new modern hotel combines comfort ⁠ convenience. combination　 combined　 and/with　 ④An ideal job should be one that combines what you are good at ⁠ what you are interested in. ⑤均衡的饮食与定期锻炼相结合会更有利于我们的健康。 with/and　 A balanced diet can be better for our health ⁠ ⁠. when combined with regular exercise　 (1)a combination of A and B　A与B的结合 (2)in combination with与……结合；与……联合 (3)combine...with/and...把……和……结合 (4)combine to do sth.联合做某事 3. vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同vt.变更，改变 ①Ocean colour (vary) from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton (浮游植物). ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Yellowstone National Park offers a ⁠ (vary) of ranger programs throughout the park，and throughout the year. ③No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in (vary) activities on Earth Day. varies　 variety　 various　 ④在这种技术的帮助下，提供各种关于合适的锻炼方式的建议变得 容易多了。 With the help of this technique，providing ⁠ ⁠ suggestions on appropriate ways of exercise becomes much easier. various/a variety of/varieties of　 [误区释疑]　a variety of，varieties of后接可数名词复数作主语时， 谓语动词用复数形式；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 形式。the variety of＋复数名词，意为“……的品种”，作主语 时，谓语动词用单数形式。 (1)vary in...在……方面不同 vary from...to...从……变化到…… vary from person to person因人而异 vary with...随……而变化 vary between...and...从……到……不等 (2)various adj.各种不同的，多种多样的 in various ways 以不同的方式 (3)variety n.(同一事物的)不同种类，多种式样 a variety of/varieties of各种各样的 4. link vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来(connect) n.联系，连接 (connection)；关系，纽带；链接 ①When a predator (捕食者) always eats huge numbers of a single prey，the two species are strongly (link). ②Researchers have found that there is ⁠ direct link between salty foods and high blood pressure. ③It’s said that a subway line will link the airport ⁠ the city center. linked　 a　 to/with　 ④在中国文化中，红色一般与高兴和喜庆联系在一起。 In Chinese culture，red ⁠. (1)link...to/with...把……连接/联系起来 (2)the close link between teachers and students师生之间的密切关系 (3)rail/road/telephone link铁路/公路/电话线 is usually linked with joy and celebration　 5. cry out for迫切需要 ①The company is crying out ⁠ fresh new talent. ②She cried ⁠ in pain when her tooth was pulled out. ③It’s no use (cry) over spilt milk. ④农学家很受农民的欢迎，因为他们很需要农业科技。 for　 out　 crying　 Agriculturists are very popular with the farmers as they are ⁠ ⁠ agricultural science and technology. in great need of　 (1)cry out大声呼喊；大声抱怨 cry off打退堂鼓 cry over spilt milk覆水难收 (2)be pressed for迫切需要 crying needs迫切的需要 in need of需要 6. relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解 ①The UN set up the World Food Program，one of whose purposes is (relieve) worldwide starvation. ②She (relieve) after she heard that her daughter was safe. ③When we were finally rescued，we felt such (relieve) and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. to relieve　 was relieved　 relief　 ④使我欣慰的是，良好的睡眠可以减轻我的焦虑，也减轻了我工作 的负担。 ，a good sleep can relieve my anxiety and also relieve myself of working. ⑤上个月，我们学校邀请了一位专家，给学生们作如何在考试前缓 解压力的演讲。 Last month，an expert was invited to our school to address the students on the topic of ⁠. To my relief　 how to relieve stress before exams　 [名师点津]　to one’s relief意为“使某人欣慰的是”，为了表示强 调，可在to前面加much或者在relief前加great，意为“使某人非常欣 慰的是”。相同用法的词还有surprise、joy、regret等。如much to one’s surprise＝to one’s great surprise。 (1)relieve one’s anxiety减轻某人的焦虑 relieve sb.of sth.帮助某人减轻…… (2)relief n.宽慰 to one’s relief使某人欣慰的是 in relief如释重负；松了口气 What a relief！可松口气了！ (3)relieved adj.宽心的；宽慰的 7. digest vt.& vi.消化；领会，理解；领悟(understand) n.摘要，文 摘(a periodical that summarizes the news) ①There’s ⁠ digest of all the papers presented at the annual medical convention. ②All this has upset me.I need time (digest) it all. ③This kind of food does digest (easy)，especially for the patients. ④在领悟了书中的大部分要点之后，我去和玛丽进行了热烈的 讨论。 in the book，I headed to Mary to have a heated debate. a　 to digest　 easily　 After I had digested most of the important points　 8. impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到；铭记 (fix sth.in one’s mind)；引人注目 ①What (impress) us most are your art skills，in which you show your outstanding talent. ②Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress would be highly (impress). impresses　 impressive　 ③我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。 →I hold the firm belief that this year’s music festival will ⁠ .(impress) →I am firmly convinced that you will ⁠ this year’s music festival.(impressed) →I do believe that this year’s music festival will surely ⁠ .(impression) impress you deeply　 be deeply impressed with　 leave a deep impression on you　 (1)impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人意识到某事 impress sb.with sth.以……给某人留下深刻的印象 be impressed by/at/with对……印象深刻 (2)impression n.印象；感想 leave/make a(n)...impression on/upon sb.给某人留下……的印象 (3)impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人钦佩的 9. expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大(make larger)；扩展(extend in one or other directions)；发展(业务)；详谈，详述 ①Compared with the past，our foreign trade ⁠ during recent years.Compared with other countries，the trade is a great this year.(expand) ②(2023·全国甲卷)As grizzly bears expand their range ⁠ places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more，they’re increasingly being sighted by humans. has (been) expanded　 expansion　 into　 ③(2021·全国甲卷) It was at the class meeting that our teacher expanded ⁠ the details of the activity. ④我写信是为了申请成为你们队的志愿者，我认为这可以开阔我的 视野。 on/upon　 I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team， ⁠ ⁠. which I think can expand my horizons　 (1)expand knowledge of...增加对……的了解 (2)expansion n.扩大；扩张；扩充 market expansion市场扩展(阶段) (3)expansive adj.扩张的；广阔的；全面的 10. estimate vt.估计，估价 n.估计；估计的成本 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of (estimate) he conducted showed that in some cases，the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. ②The number of the foggy days in our city last year was estimated ⁠ (be) over 35. ③据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2 000多万辆共享单车投入 运营。 ⁠ more than 20 million shared bikes will have been put into operation nationwide by 2025. estimation　 to be　 It is estimated that　 (1)estimate for...对……估价 give/make an estimate做估计 exceed an estimate超出预算 a rough estimate粗略估算/估计 (2)estimate sth.at估计某物有 (3)be estimated to...据估计 it is estimated that据估计 (4)estimation of ……的估计量 11. mixture n.混合物；混合，结合；结合体 ①As is known to us，oil cannot mix ⁠ water. ②We listened to the news with a (mix) of surprise and horror. ③With (mix) feelings on mind，she didn’t know what to do next. ④如果你能把工作和娱乐结合起来就更好了。 with　 mixture　 mixed　 It’s much better if you can ⁠. mix business with pleasure　 (1)mix v.(使)混合；掺和；调配 mix with sth.与某物融合 mix up弄乱；混淆；搅匀；拌和 (2)mixed adj.复杂的；混合的 12. essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的 ①Sun and water are essential ⁠ the growth of crops. ② essence，a firm belief is the key to success of revolution. ③It is essential that every student ⁠ (guarantee) adequate amount of sleep despite their academic burdens. ④There are three (essential) different ways of solving the touchy problem. ⑤辣椒是川菜必不可少的原料之一。 to/for　 In　 (should) be guaranteed　 essentially　 Chillies is ⁠ ingredients in Sichuan cuisine. one of the essential　 (1)be essential to/for对……是极其重要/必不可少的 It is essential to do sth./that从句 ……是极其重要的[that从句的谓语 要用“(should)＋do”] (2)essentially adv.本质上；根本上；基本上 (3)essence n.本质；实质；精髓 in essence从本质上讲 13. appetite n.食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 ①Kids living in remote mountains have a strong appetite ⁠ knowledge and outside world. ②It was his cancer that made him (没有食欲). ③The smell in the restaurant immediately (影 响了我的胃口)，and I pushed the dish away. for　 have no appetite　 spoiled my appetite　 spoil one’s appetite影响某人的胃口 have an appetite for对……有强烈欲望 have no appetite没有胃口/食欲 loss of appetite缺乏食欲 14. [教材原句]　Whenever I feel lonely，I have a secret recipe that never fails： rice，milk and sugar，cooked low and slow.每当我感 到孤独时，我都会有一个永远不会失败的秘方：大米，牛奶和糖用 小火慢煮。 ①As many as five English courses for beginners are provided and you are free to choose ⁠ can enhance your English level. ②To show our respect，we usually have to take our gloves off， (不管是谁)we are to shake hands with. whichever　 whoever/no matter who　 ③ (不管你去哪里)，you should not leave behind any trash here and there. ④无论什么时候你有困难，朋友总是在那儿向你提供帮助。 Wherever/No matter where you go　 　　 ⁠ 　　 ⁠  　Whenever you have difficulties，friends are always there lending you their hands.　 (1)whenever引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；一…… 就……”，比when语气更强。 (2)whenever引导让步状语从句，表示“无论何时”，相当于no matter when。 (3)whenever引导状语从句时，从句主语和谓语(be动词)有时可 以省略。 跟踪检测　运用提升 层级一 核心知识精准练 过基础 维度1　单句语法填空 1. (2023·全国乙卷)It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make ⁠ link between home and nature. 2. (人教B5U3)If you want to be healthy，you have to cut down on (dessert)，and cut out sweet drinks altogether. 3. (外研B6U1) It can be an expression of our personalities，helping us make a good and positive impression ⁠ others. the desserts on 4. (人教B4U3)Travelling through space，visiting a pirate ship，or meeting an (adore) fairytale or cartoon character are all possible at Disneyland. 5. (北师B6U8)What’s more，a cold rain was falling， (mix) with snow. 6. (外研B5U5)Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice.Unfortunately，the cats subsequently developed an appetite the birds，too. adorable mixed for 7. (外研B6U2)This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills；the (innovate) they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time. 8. (2022· 浙江1月卷)“However，this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia，it only shows an (associate)，” said Hörder. 9. (2022·全国乙卷)Engineers are now working on ⁠ new concept： the rail drones of the future. 10. (2022·全国乙卷)Maybe it is because of the ⁠ (combine) of fresh air，smooth movement and exercise. innovation association a combination 维度2　熟词生义 1. delicate (1)He was of a delicate mind and body，and he died at an early age. ⁠ (2)His wife，Lucy，had prepared a delicate meal including his favorite dishes. ⁠ (3)Be careful with the delicate vase.Don’t drop it. ⁠ ⁠ adj.容易生病的；娇弱的 adj.可口的 adj.脆弱的；易 碎的 (4)It’s a delicate time—if not every parent’s worst nightmare—when a child enters adolescence. ⁠ (5)This article tries to analyze those questions so as to clear up the delicate relationship between them. ⁠ adj.棘手的 adj.微妙的 2. association A. n.协会；联盟；社团　B. n.联系；联想 C. n.关联，联合 (1)We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless. ⁠ (2)I’m writing this letter in the hope of getting the chance to be a volunteer of our School English Association. ⁠ (3)The square had all sorts of pleasant associations with childhood holidays for me. ⁠ C A B 3. mild A. adj.温和的；温柔的 B. adj.温暖的，暖和的 C. adj.轻微的；不严重的 D. adj.味淡的；不浓的 (1)Different from me，my twin sister prefers mild cheese. ⁠ (2)Good figure and mild temper make her loved by all. ⁠ (3)That he suffered from a mild heart attack surprised all of us. ⁠ (4)With its mild climate，the place usually attracts visitors from home and abroad. ⁠ D A C B 4. Somehow，the mood of the meeting was distinctively pessimistic. ⁠ 5. We’re surprised that the monthly news digest attracts the little girl so much. ⁠ 6. If the structure of your speech is loose and confusing，chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confusing. ⁠ n.气氛，氛围 n.摘要 adj.不严谨的 维度3　完成句子/一句多译/句式升级 1. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Class activities will ⁠ (每天都有所不同)，but students must be ready to complete short in- class writings or tests. 2. 如果他确实决定要来，请让我知道。 If he ，please let me know. vary from day to day does decide to come 3. 据估计，在英国80％的谈话是闲聊。 ① 80％ of all conversation in English is small talk. ② 80％ of all conversation in English is small talk.(it作形式主语) People estimate that It is estimated that 4. I studied English in England for three years as an exchange student.It allowed me to speak English fluently. →I studied English in England for three years as an exchange student， .(定语从句) →I studied English in England for three years as an exchange student， .(现在分词短语作 状语) which allowed me to speak English fluently　 allowing me to speak English fluently 5. There are many serious health problems that are associated with smoking. →There are many serious health problems ⁠ .(过去分词短语作定语) →There are many serious health problems ⁠ .(association) associated with　 smoking in association with smoking 层级二 必备素养提升练 提能力 提能1　应用文写作 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确 形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear William， Welcome to our school to act/serve as our new foreign teacher！ ① (随着端午节的 来临)，I intended to send you the typical food，zongzi，to let you have a taste of the festival culture.② ⁠ (碰巧你外出了).So I put the box in the entrance of your community， ③ (你的名字写在上面；with复合结 构). With the Dragon Boat Festival approaching　 It happened that you were out　 with your name written on it　 The Dragon Boat Festival falls on May 5th of the lunar calendar ④ (纪念一位伟大的爱国主义诗 人) Qu Yuan.That day，some unique activities will be held，among which boat racing stands out.Of course，eating zongzi is also something you can’t miss.⑤ [那就是我 送你一些(粽子)的原因]. Do remember to bring the box home in time.Hopefully you’ll enjoy them. Yours， Li Hua in honor of a great patriotic poet　 That’s why I sent you some　 情感描写 mood n.情绪，心情；气氛，氛围 greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地 gently adv.轻柔地，温和地 emotion n.情感，强烈的感情，激情，情绪 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 动作描写 do the trick奏效，起作用，达到目的 relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→relief n.安慰，宽 慰 cycle vi.骑自行车 stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋 环境描写 bay n.(海或湖的)湾 scenery n.风景，景色；舞台布景 atmosphere n.气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气 mild adj.不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的 [续写语料运用] 　　请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答 案并背诵该语段。 在一个明媚、和煦的下午，高中生John正沿着一条小路骑行。 微风轻轻地吹着。他沐浴在阳光下，心情很好。突然，他听到了急 促而响亮的呼吸声。他转过身来，看见一只狼正贪婪地看着他。他 吓得僵住了。他在身上发现了一罐辣椒喷雾。他把喷雾朝狼喷去。 让他松了一口气的是，这个方法奏效了，狼向后退去。幸运的是， 当时，在附近有猎人。他们开了一枪，把狼吓跑了。 ，John，a senior high school student， .The wind ⁠ .Bathed in the sunshine，he .Suddenly， he heard quick and loud breathing.Turning around， ⁠ ⁠.He was frozen with fear.He found out a can of pepper spray on him.He fired the spray at the wolf. ⁠ ， .The wolf fell back.Fortunately，at that time，there were hunters in the near place.They fired a shot， ⁠ ⁠. On a bright，mild afternoon　 was cycling along a small path　 blew gently　 was in a good mood　 he saw a wolf looking at him greedily　 To his relief　 it did the trick　 scaring the wolf away　 课时作业　巩固提升 主题语篇素养强化 40分钟 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023∙全国甲卷)Where to Eat in Bangkok Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure. 40分钟 Nahm Offering Thai fine dining， Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences.It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list.Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name，opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. Issaya Siamese Club Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant.The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods. Bo.lan Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009.Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere，the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots，yet still manages to add a special twist.This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.For those extremely hungry， there’s a large set menu. Gaggan Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list，progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years.The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen， where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.Culinary theater at its best. 体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——旅游——曼谷美食之旅 的建议 　　【语篇解读】　文章介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食 之旅的建议。 1. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common？ A. They adopt modern cooking methods. B. They have branches in London. C. They have top-class chefs. D. They are based in hotels. 1 2 3 答案：C 细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson，...in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.”可知，主厨David Thompson在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于2010年 在大都会酒店开设了这家分店。以及小标题Issaya Siamese Club下 的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club...first flagship Bangkok restaurant.” 可知，Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师Ian Kittichai的第 一家曼谷旗舰餐厅。由此可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同 之处是他们都有一流的厨师。 1 2 3 2. Which restaurant offers a large set menu？ A. Gaggan. B. Bo.lan. C. Issaya Siamese Club. D. Nahm. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据小标题Bo.lan下的段落中“For those extremely hungry， there’s a large set menu.”可知，Bo.lan提供大型套餐。 1 2 3 3. What is special about Gaggan？ A. It hires staff from India. B. It puts on a play every day. C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D. It shows the cooking process to guests. 答案：D 1 2 3 细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table...his staff in action.”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客 人展示了烹饪过程。 1 2 3 B (2023·全国乙卷) What comes into your mind when you think of British food？ Probably fish and chips，or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables.But is British food really so uninteresting？ Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine，it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way.There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges.It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking. According to a new study from market analysts，1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to，and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills，and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV，it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——旅游——英国人对烹饪的看法 　　【语篇解读】　文章介绍英国人在英国烹饪节目的影响下改变 对烹饪的看法，并尝试新的烹饪习惯。 4. What do people usually think of British food？ A. It is simple and plain. B. It is rich in nutrition. C. It lacks authentic tastes. D. It deserves a high reputation. 答案：A 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第一段的“What comes into...really so uninteresting？”可知，提及英国食物，大家往往只是想到炸鱼、 薯条和周日烤肉，所以人们通常会觉得英国食物平平无奇。 4 5 6 7 5. Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV？ A. Authoritative. B. Creative. C. Profitable. D. Influential. 答案：D 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据第二段的“It’s thanks to...more adventurous in their cooking habits.”和“It seems that TV. ..think about cooking.”可 知，英国的烹饪节目能够改变英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试从传统的 英式饮食走出来，尝试新的烹饪习惯，由此推知，英国的烹饪节目 具有很大的影响力。 4 5 6 7 6. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now？ A. 20％. B. 24％. C. 25％. D. 33％. 答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almost one third...ingredients than before.”可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33％左右的人，使用的 配料比以前更多。 4 5 6 7 7. What might the author continue talking about？ A. The art of cooking in other countries. B. Male chefs on TV programmes. C. Table manners in the UK. D. Studies of big eaters. 答案：B 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number of...to like cooking.”可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男 性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。 4 5 6 7 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 体裁： 说明文 主题语境：人与社会——人际关系——独自用餐 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自己独自用餐 也是很好的体验，建议尝试。 (2023·江苏盐城中学校考模拟)Should you eat to live or live to eat？ It’s a question posed by French playwright Moliere in his work The Miser.While eating is functional，and our bodies need the fuel that food provides，dining with friends or loved ones can be a wonderful experience.However，some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant. 　1　 Maybe not. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Is dining alone really that bad？ B. We all have foods we like and dislike. C. Try it sometime—you might just like it！ D. It helps those who want to lose weight most. E. That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off. F. Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there？ G. Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文提出独自一人吃饭的主题以及下文“Maybe not.”可知， 该空应该是一个一般疑问句，并且接下来二至四段在阐释独自吃饭 的益处。A项承接上文讨论一人独自吃饭话题，问出了“一个人吃 饭真的那么糟糕吗？”并且与最后一段中“So，is eating alone bad？”首尾呼应。下文答案“可能没那么糟”也呼应A项。 1 2 3 4 5 Have you ever spent too long debating with people which restaurant to eat in or when to meet？ If dining solo，you can make the choice depending on your desires at exactly the time you’re hungry！ And why does it have to be a restaurant？ You could eat in a park， garden or even your bed—the point is，the choice is yours！  　2　2　 According to psychologist Sherrie Bourg Carter，a bit of loneliness can help your brain to relax and may help you concentrate more. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Is dining alone really that bad？ B. We all have foods we like and dislike. C. Try it sometime—you might just like it！ D. It helps those who want to lose weight most. E. That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off. F. Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there？ G. Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable. 答案：E 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文说到与别人一起用餐会有很多意见分歧，很麻烦，有时不 能使自己如意。而自己独自用餐，时间地点吃什么一切自己做主。 E项表示这段独处的时间就不用担心那些事了，下文继续说可以脑 子放空专注吃饭。E项承上启下。 1 2 3 4 5  　3　 Maybe it’s a pungent (辛辣的) cheese or fish.We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others.When dining alone，we can consume whatever we like，with the added bonus that we might be able to eat more healthily.Often，if you want a salad and your partner wants some less healthy dish，you end up ordering the same.And if you don’t get the same，you might end up with food envy as you watch someone enjoy a pizza. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Is dining alone really that bad？ B. We all have foods we like and dislike. C. Try it sometime—you might just like it！ D. It helps those who want to lose weight most. E. That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off. F. Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there？ G. Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 根据下文“可能是辛辣的奶酪或鱼。我们有时会忍住那些可能会冒 犯别人鼻子的事情”，B项表示我们每个人都有自己喜欢或不喜欢 的食物，和别人一起用餐，或许会因为别人不喜欢奶酪或鱼的气 味，而自己喜欢也控制住不吃，而独自用餐就不用顾忌这些。B项 作为本段首句，引领下文。 1 2 3 4 5 　　Finally，for some，dining alone can be a necessity. 　4　 Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smack their lips (咂嘴)！So，is eating alone bad？ Well，it may not be for everyone，but there certainly are some benefits to it. 　5　2　 1 2 3 4 5 A. Is dining alone really that bad？ B. We all have foods we like and dislike. C. Try it sometime—you might just like it！ D. It helps those who want to lose weight most. E. That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off. F. Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there？ G. Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 根据下文可知，和别人吃饭，有可能会因别人吃饭咂嘴而让你产生 焦虑。G项与下文契合，我们有些人不能忍受别人吃饭有咂嘴等声 音，独自吃饭可以解救自己，这时独自吃饭成了必须。 1 2 3 4 5 　　Finally，for some，dining alone can be a necessity. 　4　 Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smack their lips (咂嘴)！So，is eating alone bad？ Well，it may not be for everyone，but there certainly are some benefits to it. 　5　2　 1 2 3 4 5 A. Is dining alone really that bad？ B. We all have foods we like and dislike. C. Try it sometime—you might just like it！ D. It helps those who want to lose weight most. E. That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off. F. Does the restaurant really appreciate you dining alone there？ G. Those of us find the noise of others chewing food unbearable. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文独自吃饭有很多好处，接下来建议大家尝试一下，或许会 喜欢上独自用餐，这么多益处，何不试试。C项是表示建议的，符 合语境，契合上文。 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2023·广东六校联考)Volunteering has been a way of life for me for the past five years since I was fifteen. 　　In 2020，I  　1　 with a newly founded social enterprise，which conducted cooking lessons for visually impaired (受损的) trainee  　2　 .I absolutely loved it as it involved meaningful  　3　2　 with people and I was fully  　4　 throughout the entire time I was there. This was unlike some other types of volunteering，which may involve mostly behind-the-scenes work that can get  　5　 after a while. 　　We called ourselves “sighted assistants”and each of us was  　6　 with a visually impaired trainee chef. As a volunteer，I would walk with the trainee to the Enabling Village  　7　 ，and then ensure their  　8　 as they learned to cook a new dish.This included helping them  　9　 the position of the sink，ensuring proper use of electrical appliances，  　10　 boiling and hot objects，as well as being careful with knives among other things. 　　Being there with them made me truly  　11　 how difficult life can be when you are  　12　 or completely blind. Every tiny task  　13　2　 massive effort. There are so many people with  　14　 ，I realised. While medicine still does not have the power to cure all of these conditions，we are never short of ways to empower these individuals by making life  　15　 and more meaningful for them. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己一次 帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师学习烹饪课程的经历，这次经历使作者 领悟到了一些道理。 1. A. met B. cooperated C. started D. volunteered 答案：D 根据第一段“Volunteering has been a way of life for me for the past five years since I was fifteen.”可知，在2020年，作者自愿 (volunteered)加入一家新成立的社会企业，该企业为有视觉障碍的 见习厨师提供烹饪课程。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. A. managers B. volunteers C. chefs D. doctors 答案：C 考查词汇复现。根据下文中的a visually impaired trainee chef可知， 此处应选C项。chef“厨师”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. A. interaction B. appointment C. greeting D. conflict 答案：A 根据下文中的with people可知，此处表示的是和人们之间的互动 (interaction)。appointment“约会”；greeting“问候”； conflict“冲突”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4. A. confused B. engaged C. surprised D. disturbed 答案：B 根据语境可知，作者全程应是忙着的(engaged)。confused“困惑 的”；surprised“惊讶的”；disturbed“不安的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. A. promising B. frightening C. challenging D. boring 答案：D 结合常识可知，幕后工作应是很快就变得无聊(boring)了。 promising“有前途的”；frightening“令人恐惧的”； challenging“挑战性的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. A. faced B. compared C. paired D. equipped 答案：C 根据上文“We called ourselves‘sighted assistants’”可知，作者作 为助手应是为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供帮助，即每个人都匹配了 一名厨师。face“面对”；compare“比较”；equip“装备”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. A. lesson B. enterprise C. room D. kitchen 答案：D 根据常识可知，作者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪，此处应该表 示去厨房。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8. A. satisfaction B. safety C. pleasure D. success 答案：B 根据下文“This included helping ...among other things.”可知，当有 视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪时，他们会遇到很多问题，而志愿者在身 边会确保他们的安全(safety)。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. A. leave out B. miss out C. figure out D. point out 答案：C 根据空后的the position of the sink可知，此处表示弄清楚(figure out) 洗碗槽的位置。leave out“不包括”；miss out“遗漏”；point out“指出”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. A. avoiding B. touching C. approaching D. feeling 答案：A 根据空后的boiling and hot objects及常识可知，应是避免(avoiding) 接触沸腾和热的物体。touch“触摸”；approach“接近”； feel“感到”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. A. appreciate B. imagine C. predict D. think 答案：A 根据下文中的“how difficult life can be when you are  　12　 or completely blind”可知，作者通过此次志愿者的经历理解了视觉障 碍者的生活的艰难。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12. A. temporarily B. partly C. accidentally D. originally 答案：B 根据下文中表示选择关系的or可知，和他们在一起让作者真正体会 到当部分(partly)或完全失明时，生活会多么艰难。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. A. simplifies B. causes C. takes D. offers 答案：C 根据上文“how difficult life can be when you are  　12　 or completely blind”可知，失明使生活不容易，因此生活中的每一个 小任务都需要巨大的努力。simplify“使简化”；offer“提供”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. A. disabilities B. difficulties C. determination D. power 答案：A 根据文章内容可知，作者意识到有很多残疾人。disability“缺陷， 障碍”；difficulty“困难”；determination“决心”；power“力 量”。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. A. luckier B. tougher C. happier D. easier 答案：D 此处与上文的“how difficult life can be”相呼应，作者认为我们不 缺少方法让这些人的生活变得更容易(easier)。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅳ.语法填空 体裁：夹叙夹议文 主题语境：人与自我——体育比赛——感悟 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了一场篮球比赛 让作者明白了一个人生的道理。 (2023·重庆渝北中学月考)Last week，our school 1. 　　　　 (hold) a basketball match against another school. Near the end of the match，they only had an advantage over us. When our captain got the ball，one of them pretended 2. 　　　　 (knock) into by him. Upon seeing that，our captain tried to help him up，but the match was over and they won. We lost the game.3. 　　　　，we were all satisfied with the result because we went all out. 1. 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“Last week”可知，应用一般过 去时。 答案：held 2. 考查非谓语动词。pretend to do表示“假装做某事”，one of them 与knock into之间是被动关系。 答案：to be knocked 3. 考查副词。前后是转折关系，空后有逗号。 答案：However From this match，I learn that being 4. 　　　　 winner doesn’t mean gaining while a loser doesn’t mean 5. 　　　　 (lose) everything.What really counts 6. 　　　　 (be) the spirit，not the result.As long as we try 7. 　　　　 (we) best，there is no need in regretting.In reality，a true loser is even more precious than a false winner.Without that match，I 8. 　　　　 have learned the importance of spirit. 4. 考查冠词。winner是可数名词，此处用不定冠词表示泛指。 答案：a 5. 考查非谓语动词。mean表示“意味着”时，后面接动名词作 宾语。 答案：losing 6. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述的是客观事实，应该用一 般现在时，“the spirit”表明谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 答案：is 7. 考查代词。try one’s best表示“尽力”。 答案：our 8. 考查情态动词或虚拟语气。根据句意可知，此处表示“不可 能”，也可把without引导的短语理解成一个虚拟条件句，表示对过 去的虚拟用could/would (not)＋have done。 答案：couldn’t/can’t/wouldn’t To sum up，a true winner is to a match what water is to a fish.It is not the result but the process 9. 　　　　 matters.Life without spirit is like sailing without a compass，so be a true winner and you will find its 10. 　　　　 (important). 9. 考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型，其基本结 构为：it is＋被强调部分＋that＋其余部分，本句强调的是主语。 答案：that 10. 考查词性转换。作动词find的宾语应用名词。 答案：importance 阅读语篇专练提升 30分钟 (2023·广西跨市检测) A Every year， Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year.Here， Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones. Ember Mug It’s hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature， especially in winter.It’s too hot to drink at first， but before we know it， it gets too cold and loses all its taste.The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds， which makes the Ember Mug a great invention.It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature， anywhere between 45 ℃ and 62 ℃， once you set it through a smartphone app. Tasty One Top TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy， but it’s almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook.However， the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help.Developed by BuzzFeed， the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app， which has more than 1，700 recipes and videos.You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do.For example， it’ll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients. Jibo Smart speakers from some companies have added a lot of fun to our lives， but they’re still just faceless speakers.However， Jibo， developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal， has brought smart technology to life.Said to be “the world’s first social robot for the home”， Jibo looks like a cartoon character.Inside its “head”， there are various sensors and cameras， which allow it to recognize faces and speech.It can also set alarms， remind you of important things， tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三项 发明。 1. How can Tasty One Top help people？ A. By teaching people how to cook. B. By offering people different recipes. C. By saving energy while cooking. D. By offering different kinds of cooking apps. 答案：A 1 2 3 细节理解题。根据第三段中“TV cooking shows make cooking look so easy， but it’s almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook. However， the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help.”以及“For example， it’ll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients.”可知， Tasty One Top通过教人们如何烹饪来帮助人们。 1 2 3 2. What can Jibo probably be？ A. A cartoon character. B. A faceless robot. C. A family assistant. D. A smart alarm. 答案：C 1 2 3 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Said to be ‘the world’s first social robot for the home’， Jibo looks like a cartoon character.”以及“It can also set alarms， remind you of important things， tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family.”可 知，Jibo可能是家庭助手。 1 2 3 3. What is the purpose of the text？ A. To advertise hightech products. B. To introduce some new inventions. C. To encourage subscription to Time. D. To tell about some “tasty” products. 答案：B 1 2 3 写作意图题。根据第一段“Every year， Time magazine picks out what it calls ‘The 25 Best Inventions’ of the year. Here， Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones.”并结合文章内容可知，文 章主要介绍了三项发明。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一些 新发明。 1 2 3 B Larry and I have always had our basic values in common， but our interests are as far apart as opera and basketball. I love art， and he is a huge sports fan. His big passion is seeing basketball games. He has been sharing season tickets with his friends for years. I must admit I’ve been always invited to see the games together. This morning， I called my brother， Larry， and said， “I have a piece of good news and a piece of bad news. Which do you want to hear first？” “Good news first，” Larry answered.“You can go to sleep early tonight，” I said.“Okay. What’s the bad one？” he asked.“We’re going to the opera！” I answered， laughing loudly. There was a reason for the joke.The last time I invited him to go to the opera， he fell asleep in the theater. I had to admit it was always boring for him， but when I gave him a ticket for my favorite opera， I really thought he might enjoy it. I woke him up， but soon he fell asleep again. When Larry found I was joking， he breathed a sigh of relief on the other end.He said， “But I want you to go to see the last basketball game this autumn with me.” I promised and complained， “Not again！” Actually， most of the time， when the game was on， I’d be texting or daydreaming.Sometimes， my telephone messages would be interrupted when the home team scored. I knew they scored because everyone jumped up and exchanged high-fives and fist bumps. However， today， as I looked around at thousands of people cheering and getting increasingly excited， I decided to at least give it a try—for my brother’s sake， if not for my own. The game was intense， and I was hooked soon. When the other team scored， I eventually felt a bit disappointed with the rest of my crowd.My brother was surprised to see me getting involved. I was astonished myself！ I didn’t keep glancing at the clock， counting the minutes until we got out. Time flew. The game was over before I knew it. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从喜欢戏 剧到喜欢篮球的经历。 4. Why does the author quote his conversation with Larry in paragraph 2？ A. To show their common values. B. To show their sense of humour. C. To show the trust between them. D. To show the difference in their interests. 答案：D 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知，作者引用他和Larry 的一 次电话交谈是为了呈现他们兴趣的不同之处。 4 5 6 7 5. What was the author’s initial reaction to basketball games？ A. Casual. B. Curious. C. Puzzled. D. Pleased. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者最初在看篮球比赛时经常玩手 机，表现得很随意。 4 5 6 7 6. What does the underlined word “hooked” in the last paragraph mean？ A. Bored. B. Disappointed. C. Addicted. D. Satisfied. 答案：C 词义推测题。根据语境可知，比赛很激烈，作者很快就着迷了。由 此可知，画线词意为“着迷的”。 4 5 6 7 7. What can be the best title for the text？ A. Art and Sport B. From Opera to Basketball C. Cheering for the Home Team D. Developing a Passion for Opera 答案：B 标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了作者从喜欢戏剧到喜欢篮球的经历。 4 5 6 7 C Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today， thousands of years later. Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures， and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies. A growing number of scientists have been studying materials since a long time ago. They are breaking apart pieces of buildings and reading historical texts hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years. The research has turned up a surprising list of materials that were mixed into old buildings. They include tree bark， volcanic ash， rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability to get stronger over time. Figuring out how to copy these features can have real impacts today. While some of our modern concrete has the strength to hold up very tall buildings and heavy structures， it cannot compete with the durability of these ancient materials. Many scientists have turned to the Romans. Starting around 200 BCE， the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages， you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2， 000 years ago. They think they have found an important reason why some Roman concrete has held up structures for thousands of years. That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they form is the most shocking for them. Exactly how is not yet clear， but scientists are starting to find the reasons. Today’s builders cannot just copy the ancient processes. Even though Roman concrete lasted a long time， it couldn’t hold up heavy buildings. Instead， researchers are trying to take some of the ancient materials and add them into modern mixes. People don’t need to make things last quite as long as the Romans did.If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete’s lifespan， we’ll surely require less pulling down， less maintenance and less material in the long run. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上一些古代建 筑至今屹立不倒的原因。 8. What were the mentioned Roman and Chinese buildings both used for？ A. Defence. B. Travel. C. Soldier training. D. Seawater control. 答案：A 细节理解题。第一段提到的古代罗马的海堤和古代中国的城墙分别 是用来抵御海浪和外敌的。 8 9 10 11 9. Which word can best describe the ancient buildings？ A. Energy-efficient. B. Long-lasting. C. Delicate. D. Flexible. 答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第五句可知，这些古代建筑很结 实并且耐久性强，可以支撑数千年。 8 9 10 11 10. What surprises the scientists most about the ancient building materials？ A. Their large cracks. B. Their clear concrete. C. Their internal structures. D. Their self-repairing ability. 答案：D 8 9 10 11 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，让科学家们最震惊的是 这些古老的建筑材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在出现裂缝时自 我修复。 8 9 10 11 11. What is the author’s attitude to the future concrete？ A. Tolerant. B. Expectant. C. Suspicious. D. Indifferent. 答案：B 观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，如果我们将混凝土 的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定会需要更少的 拆除、维护工作和更少的材料。由此可知，作者对未来的混凝 土充满期待。 8 9 10 11 D One third of adults over 65 in America have never used the Internet， and half don’t even have Internet access at home.In San Francisco， “the center of tech”， 40％ of older adults do not have basic digital literacy skills. This situation is becoming appalling as over 10，000 Americans turn 65 every single day.By 2050，22％ of Americans will be 65 or older.Meanwhile， technology is developing very fast.This means that a large number of people will be unable to proficiently use emergent technology. Many people believe that seniors aren’t required to participate in our tech future because they’ll be retired and relaxed soon.But this is the farthest thing from the truth.Baby boomers are currently experiencing a different boom：With more people getting older than ever before， their life expediencies are also increasing dramatically.With medical advancements， the number of American people projected to live into their 90’s has doubled since 1965. However， they don’t have strong financial or educational support.This is not a problem； it’s a crisis.More than half of employees over 50 have been laid off in what’s being called “forced retirement”.And few organizations are actively helping older employees make the transition from full-time jobs to part-time ones.For those fortunate enough to be employed， 3 out of 5 older workers experience prejudice. The easiest solution is to teach digital literacy. If baby boomers want to survive the forthcoming retirement crisis， they should get enough digital knowledge and skills to operate today’s tools and tomorrow’s platforms. With every crisis comes an opportunity. Tutoring， customer service， editing， research， book-keeping， and other virtual assistance-based work open the doors. But again， digital knowledge is first required to live in our high-tech society and gig economy. So try to get more online and navigate the growing number of sites and apps. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在美国，65岁以上的成年 人中有三分之一从未使用过互联网，一半人甚至在家里也没有互联 网接入。在“科技中心”旧金山，40％的老年人不具备基本的数字 读写能力。这种情况正变得令人震惊，因为每天都有1万多名美国 人年满65岁。 12. What does the underlined word “appalling” probably mean in paragraph 2？ A. Confusing. B. Terrible. C. Controllable. D. Inspiring. 答案：B 12 13 14 15 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“By 2050，22％ of Americans will be 65 or older. Meanwhile， technology is developing very fast. This means that a large number of people will be unable to proficiently use emergent technology.”以及画线词下文“as over 10，000 Americans turn 65 every single day”可知，大量的人将无法熟练地使用新兴的 技术，而每天都有1万多名美国人年满65岁，可见这种情况正变得 糟糕。故画线词意思是“糟糕的”。 12 13 14 15 13. What problem may baby boomers face？ A. A crisis after retirement. B. Being knocked out in the future. C. Failing to receive good healthcare. D. Tending to double their life expediencies. 答案：A 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第四段“However， they don’t have strong financial or educational support. This is not a problem； it’s a crisis. More than half of employees over 50 have been laid off in what’s being called ‘forced retirement’. And few organizations are actively helping older employees make the transition from full-time jobs to part- time ones. For those fortunate enough to be employed， 3 out of 5 older workers experience prejudice.”可知，婴儿潮一代可能会面临退休后 危机。 12 13 14 15 14. What is the last paragraph mainly about？ A. The features of high-tech jobs. B. The way out for baby boomers. C. Potential industries in the future. D. The importance of developing technology. 答案：B 12 13 14 15 段落大意题。根据最后一段“The easiest solution is to teach digital literacy. If baby boomers want to survive the forthcoming retirement crisis， they should get enough digital knowledge and skills to operate today’s tools and tomorrow’s platforms. With every crisis comes an opportunity. Tutoring， customer service， editing， research， book- keeping， and other virtual assistance-based work open the doors. But again， digital knowledge is first required to live in our high-tech society and gig economy. So try to get more online and navigate the growing number of sites and apps.”可知，最后一段主要讲的是婴儿潮一代的出路。 12 13 14 15 15. What does the author advise baby boomers to do？ A. Have a good sense of crisis. B. Avoid retiring at an early age. C. Look for many part-time jobs. D. Improve digital literacy actively. 答案：D 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The easiest solution is to teach digital literacy. If baby boomers want to survive the forthcoming retirement crisis， they should get enough digital knowledge and skills to operate today’s tools and tomorrow’s platforms.”可知，作者建议婴儿潮一代 积极提高数字素养。 12 13 14 15 $$