Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版2020）

必修第二册 Unit 2　Be sporty,be healthy 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 (主题语境：人与社会——体育运动) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识　自测落实 核心考点　互动探究 跟踪检测　运用提升 课时作业　巩固提升 基础知识　自测落实 单元词句背诵 一、阅读词汇——知其意 1. bat n. 蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt.& vi. 用球棒(板)击球 2. immune adj. 有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 3. aerobic adj. 有氧的；需氧的 4. tai chi n. 太极拳，太极 5. carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物，糖类 6. crane n. 鹤 7. rooster n. 雄鸡 8. imitate vt. 模仿；仿效 9. philosophy n. 哲学 10. unity n. 统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一 二、核心词汇——明其形 1. soccer n. ＜美＞足球运动 2. skydiving n. 跳伞运动 3. lung n. 肺 4. disease n. 病，疾病 5. moreover adv. 此外，而且 6. reduce vt. 减少，缩小 7. routine n. 常规，惯例 adj. 常规的，例行的；乏味的 8. muscle n. 肌肉，肌 9. jogging n. 慢跑锻炼 10. skiing n. 滑雪(运动) 11. pull-up n. 引体向上 12. bone n. 骨头，骨 13. gymnastics n. 体操，体操训练 14. stretch vt.& vi. 伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 15. range n. (变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 16. movement n. 活动，转动；移动；运动 17. petrol n. 汽油 18. protein n. 蛋白质 19. average n. 平均水平，一般水准 adj. 平均的；典型的 20. throughout prep. 自始至终；各处，遍及 21. sweat n. 汗水 vt.& vi. 出汗，流汗 22. prevent vt. 阻止，阻碍 23. tissue n.　　(人、动植物细胞的)组织； (尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 24. maintain vt. 维持；维修，保养 25. update vt. 使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n. 最新消息 26. replace vt. 用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 27. athlete n. 运动员 28. boxing n. 拳击运动 29. champion n. 冠军，第一名 30. court n. 球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 31. plus conj. 而且，此外 prep. 加；和 32. nearby adj. 附近的，邻近的 adv. 在附近，不远 33. gym n. 健身房，体育馆 34. partner n. 搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 35. position n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 36. nowadays adv. 现今，现在 37. master n. 大师，能手；主人 vt. 精通，掌握；控制 38. ache vi.& n. 疼痛，隐痛 39. root vt.& vi. (使)生根 n. 根，根茎；根源，起因 40. backwards (also backward) adv. 向后；朝反方向 41. diagram n. 简图，图解，图表，示意图 三、拓展词汇——通其变 1. congratulation n.祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→congratulate vt.祝贺 2. assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 →assumption n.假定；设想 3. tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→tendency n.趋势；倾向；偏好 4. energy n.能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满 活力的 5. injury n.伤害，损伤→injure vt.伤害，损伤→injured adj.受伤的 6. equipment n.配备，装备；设备→equip v.配备；装备 7. lack vi.& vt.缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 →lacking adj.没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8. announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n.宣布，宣告；通 知→announcer n.播音员；广播员；节目主持人 9. hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n.犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj.犹豫 的，踌躇的 10. admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n.允 许进入；承认；入场费 11. inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情 感)→inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj.受鼓 舞的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 12. explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n.探险； 探索，探究→explorer n.探险者 13. satisfaction n.满意；满足，达到→satisfy vt.满足；使满意 →satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满足的；(感 到)满意的 14. exist vi.存在；生活，生存→existence n.生存；存在→existing adj.目前的，现有的 15. breathe vt.& vi.呼吸；呼出→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁 吁的 1. do wonders 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2. over the long term 长期 3. stick with 持续，坚持 4. make up for 弥补，补偿 5. put the finishing touches to　　对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6. in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 7. under the weather 略有不适，不舒服 8. no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 9. be rooted in 起源于 10. prevent...from... 阻止…… 11. to start with 首先，作为开始 12. get over 克服 13. play a role in 在……中发挥作用，扮演角色 14. keep up 保持，维持 15. have an effect on 对……有影响 常见结构 1. it作形式主语，that引导主语从句 2. the＋序数词＋n.＋to do... 3. 状语从句的省略 4. sb.＋be＋v.-ed＋to do... 5. with＋宾语＋宾语补足语 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.词汇默写 一、核心词汇 1. vi.往往会；趋向vt.照看 2. vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 3. n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 4. vt.减少，缩小 5. vt.宣布，宣告；通知 6. vt.维持；维修，保养 tend　 assume　 congratulation　 reduce　 announce　 maintain　 7. prep.自始至终；各处，遍及 8. vt.阻止，阻碍 9. n.能，能量；精力；能源 10. n.伤害，损伤 11. n.活动，转动；移动；运动 12. n.大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 13. adv.现今，现在 14. vi.犹豫，迟疑 15. n.满意；满足，达到 throughout　 prevent　 energy　 injury　 movement　 master　 nowadays　 hesitate　 satisfaction　 二、拓展词汇 1. n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→ ⁠ vt.祝贺 2. vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 → n.假定，假设 3. vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→ n.趋势，趋向； 倾向，偏好 4. vt.减少，缩小→ n.减少，缩小 congratulation　 congratulate　 assume　 assumption　 tend　 tendency　 reduce　 reduction　 5. n.活动，转动；移动；运动→ vi.移动； 搬家 vt.使感动→ adj.可移动的 6. n.能，能量；精力；能源→ adj.精力充沛 的，充满活力的→ adv.精力充沛地 7. n.伤害，损伤→ vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 → adj.受伤的；委屈的 8. vt.阻止，阻碍→ n.预防，防止 9. n.设备；配备，装备→ vt.配备；使 有能力 movement　 move　 movable　 energy　 energetic　 energetically　 injury　 injure　 injured　 prevent　 prevention　 equipment　 equip　 10. vt.宣布，宣告；通知→ n.广播员， 播音员→ n.宣布，宣告；通告 11. vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 → n.替换；替换物；替代者 12. n.运动员→ adj.健壮的；体育运动的 13. vi.犹豫，迟疑→ n.犹豫 14. vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 → n.承认；准许加入；入场费 announce　 announcer　 announcement　 replace　 replacement　 athlete　 athletic　 hesitate　 hesitation　 admit　 admission　 15. vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情 感)→ adj.受到鼓舞的；借助于灵感创作的 → adj.鼓舞人心的→ n.灵感；鼓舞人心 的人(或事物) 16. vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→ n.勘 探者，探险者→ n.探究，探测；勘探 inspire　 inspired　 inspiring　 inspiration　 explore　 explorer　 exploration　 17. n.满意；满足，达到→ n.不满 意，不满足→ vt.(使)满意；满足→ adj.满意 的，满足的→ adj.令人满意的→ adj.令 人满意的，够好的 18. vi.存在；生活，生存→ adj.现存的，现行 的→ n.存在 19. vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出→ n.呼吸的空气；一 次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→ adj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸 急促的→ adv.上气不接下气地；气喘吁吁地 satisfaction　 dissatisfaction　 satisfy　 satisfied　 satisfying　 satisfactory　 exist　 existing　 existence　 breathe　 breath　 breathless　 breathlessly　 Ⅱ.语块默写 1. 长期 2. 弥补，补偿 3. 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 4. 不足为奇，并不奇怪 5. 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 6. 持续，坚持 7. 对……进行最后的润色或修饰 8. 略有不适，不舒服 9. 起源于 over the long term　 make up for　 in response to　 no wonder　 do wonders　 stick with　 put the finishing touches to　 under the weather　 be rooted in　 Ⅲ.课文佳句 1. It ＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 ⁠ active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. 事实也证明，定期运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险 较低。 It has also been proven that　 2. the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式 When you plan an exercise routine， ⁠ is what you expect to improve： heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility. 制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善：心 肺功能、肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 the first thing to consider　 3. 状语从句的省略 To prevent soft tissue injury，make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment ⁠. 为了防止软组织受伤，锻炼时，要确保你穿戴合适的衣服和护具。 when exercising　 4. sb.be said to have done sth.据说某人已经…… Zhang Sanfeng，a 13th-century Taoist， ⁠ tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. 传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感， 创立了太极拳。 was said to have invented　 5. with复合结构 ，I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved... 让我欣慰的是，记住太极拳的这些要求后，我发现自己的平衡性和 柔韧性慢慢有所改善…… With these requirements of tai chi in mind　 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.词性转换 1. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)My teacher was waiting for me.Holding my hands，he said，“ (congratulate)！ You are a good writer，so keep writing.” 2. (北师选必二U5)People make the (assume) that if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so. Congratulations　 assumption　 3. (北师B7U11)Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his (tend) to drum late at night. 4. (2023·浙江1月卷)Zero waste was a radical lifestyle ⁠ (move) a few years back. 5. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism，including a detailed (explore) of what it asks and why it works，and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. tendency　 movement　 exploration　 6. (2022·浙江卷)So，when people do things to increase their life (satisfy)，they also make themselves more effective at work. 7. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)These small studies provide ⁠ (inspire) and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 8. (人教B1U4)Water and food were brought into the city by train， truck，and plane.Slowly，the city began to (breath) again. 9. (外研B7U2)She resists instinctively；and，in their ⁠ (hesitate)，the DOVE escapes and flies away. satisfaction　 inspiration　 breathe　 hesitation　 Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. (长期)， the stock market news will be good. 2. Hard work can often (弥补，补偿) a lack of ability. 3. The old professor is (对……进 行最后的润色或修饰) his painting. 4. (对……作出反应) the plan，we change our work schedule and habit. Over the long term　 make up for　 putting the finishing touches to　 In response to　 5. Can we make it a little later？ I feel (略有不 适，不舒服). 6. Even if it is simply a simple walk in nature，it will ⁠ (产生神奇作用) for your body. 7. With all these attractions， (不足为奇，并不奇怪) tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland. 8. If you’re in a job that keeps you busy and confident， ⁠ (持续，坚持) it. under the weather　 do wonders　 no wonder　 stick with　 Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. 对我而言，阅读时我会忘记一切烦恼，从而放松了自己。(状语 从句的省略) ⁠ ⁠. 2. 据报道，在事故中没有乘客受伤。(it作形式主语) ⁠ For me，while reading，I will always forget all my troubles and relax myself　 It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.　 3. 他总是第一个到办公室，最后一个离开，我想这就是他升职这么 快的原因。(动词不定式作后置定语) ⁠ ⁠ 4. 据说他曾经是个了不起的学者。(be said to do) ⁠ 5. 他把玻璃杯弄掉了，把它摔成了碎片。(现在分词短语作结果 状语) ⁠  　He is always the first to arrive at the office and the last to leave， which I think is why he is promoted so quickly.　 He is said to have been a brilliant scholar.　 He dropped the glass，breaking it into pieces.　 核心考点　互动探究 1. congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪 ①I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him ⁠ his marriage，but I couldn’t manage it. ②I’d like to offer my (congratulate) to you on your wonderful performance. ③You should congratulate yourself on (do) an excellent job. on　 congratulations　 having done　 →I’d like to ⁠. →I’d like to ⁠. express my congratulations to you on your success　 congratulate you on your success　 ④我想就你的成功对你表达祝贺。(祝贺信) [实战贴士]　congratulation用作名词时，常常要用其复数形式。 (1)congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.就……向某人表示祝贺 (2)congratulation n.祝贺；恭喜 congratulations to sb.on sth.祝贺某人某事 2. assume vt.认为；假定，假设；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 ①It (assume) that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. ② (assume) that there are no other approaches，what should we do？ ③If I am chosen to be a volunteer，I will serve the people heart and soul. → ，I will serve the people heart and soul. is assumed　 Assuming　 Assuming (that) I am chosen to be a volunteer　 [误区释疑] (1)assuming conj.假如(后接从句)　assumed adj.假设的；假定的 (2)assuming，suppose，supposing，providing，provided后可直接跟 从句，相当于if，on condition that引导的条件状语从句。 (1)assume sb./sth.to be假定/假设某人/某事为 assume that...假设…… It is/was generally assumed that...人们普遍认为…… (2)assumption n.假定；假设；设想 make assumptions about假设…… on the assumption that...假定/设…… (3)assuming conj.假如 assuming (that)...假定/设……(作状语) 3. reduce vt.减少 (decrease)，缩小 ①Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever- increasing populations，greatly (reduce) waterfowl habitat (栖息地). ②With great effort，she has reduced her weight ⁠ five kilograms in the past 20 days. ③减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。(建 议信) ⁠ ⁠ reducing　 by　  　One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.　 reduce...by...把……减少了…… reduce...to...把……减少到……；把……变为某种状态 be reduced to陷入某种境地(to为介词) 4. range n.一系列；(变动或浮动的)范围，界限；区间 vi.包括；(在 一定范围内)变化 (vary between limits) ①The table tennis team will hold ⁠ range of activities including some training and matches. ②When driving on highways，the driver must control his or her speed the range of speed-limiting. ③The national park has a large collection of wildlife， ⁠ (range) from butterflies to elephants. a　 within/in　 ranging　 →He has a number of interests， ⁠ .(定语从句) →He has a number of interests， ⁠ .(动词-ing形式作状语) ⑤除了这些传统活动，我们还有一些更广泛的选择，如旅游和拜访 我们的亲戚、朋友。(风俗介绍) In addition to these traditional activities，we have ⁠ choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. which range from playing chess to swimming　 ranging from playing chess to swimming　 a wider range of　 ④He has a number of interests.They range from playing chess to swimming.(人物介绍) (1)a wide range of一系列；各种各样的 in/within range在……范围内 beyond/out of range在……范围外 (2)range from...to...从……到……范围 range between...and...在……范围内变动 5. make up for弥补，补偿 ①For parents，nothing can make up ⁠ the loss of a child. ②They made him ⁠ as an old man for the last act of the play. ③Astronomy is a scientific subject which is made up ⁠ mathematics and physics. ④记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。(建 议信) Remember to drink throughout exercise to ⁠ water lost to sweat. for　 up　 of　 make up for　 [误区释疑] 短语 用法 例句 make up 表示弥补耽误了的 事或补上、凑齐某 事物 Can I leave early from work this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？我能今天下午早点下 班，明天再把时间补上吗？ 短语 用法 例句 make up for 表示用其他方式弥补、平衡(因过去某些原因而耽误的时间或对某人的亏欠)，不仅仅是说“用某物去弥补某物” The hard training at my college should make up for my lack of working experience. 我在大学所受过的艰苦训 练应该可以弥补我工作经 验的不足。 (1)be made from/of由……制造；用……提取 make...into＝turn...into把……变成 (2)make out理解；弄清 make up构成；组成；编写；为……化妆；和解 be made up of由……组成(构成) 6. lack vi.& vt.缺乏，不足，短缺，没有 n.缺乏，匮乏 (shortage)， 短缺 ①These children have health problems linked to poor diet and a lack ⁠ exercise. ②More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ⁠ lack of space. ③Though Jack was lacking in experience，he made up for it in enthusiasm. → ，Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(省略) of　 for　 Though lacking in experience　 [实战贴士]　lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物 动词，其后直接跟宾语(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用；形 容词lacking常与in连用。 (1)for lack of因缺乏…… a lack of缺乏…… (2)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in缺少…… 7. replace vt.取代，代替 (take the place of)；用……替换； 把……放回原处 (put sth.back in the place where it was before)；更换，更新 ①She (replace) the books after reading and fell asleep. replaced　 →It would be difficult to find a man ⁠ ⁠. →It would be difficult to find a man ⁠ ⁠. →It would be difficult to find a man ⁠ ⁠. ③击碎消极的想法，用积极的想法取而代之。 Squash negative thoughts and ⁠ positive ones. in place of the present manager　 to replace the present manager　 to take the place of the present manager　 replace them with　 ②找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。 replace...with/by...用……替换…… replace...as...取代……而成为…… take the place of sb.＝take sb.’s place代替/替代某人 in place of代替 8. hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑；顾虑 (pause before taking action or making a decision) ①If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school， Wilson never hesitates (buy) them a meal. ②I have no (hesitate) in recommending my classmates to you. to buy　 hesitation　 → (hesitate) → (hesitation) → (hesitation) ④如果你有问题，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。(建议信) →If you have questions，do turn to us for help ⁠. →If you have questions， ⁠ for help. I didn’t hesitate about accepting the post.　 I accepted the post without any hesitation.　 I had no hesitation in accepting the post.　 without hesitation　 don’t hesitate to turn to us　 ③我毫不犹豫地接受了这个职位。 (1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿意做某事 hesitate about/in/at/over对……犹豫不决 (2)hesitation n.犹豫 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 9. admit vt.& vi.容许 (allow sb.to do sth.)；承认；招认；接纳；容 纳 (contain，hold，seat)；准许进入；准许加入 ①She apologized to me and admitted (take) my umbrella by mistake. ②You will not be admitted ⁠ the theatre after the performance has started. ③ (admit) to British universities depends on examination results. taking/having taken　 to/into　 Admission　 ④She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted I hadn’t. ⑤例如，我已经成功地成了运动会的志愿者，这届运动会将于今年 八月底举行。(体育比赛) ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ that　  　For example，I have successfully got admitted as a volunteer for the sports meeting，which is scheduled to be held at the end of this August.　 (1)admit doing/having done/that...承认…… admit sb./sth.to be承认某人/某物是…… (2)be admitted to被接纳进入；被录取到…… (3)admission n.准许进入；入场费；承认 10. announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知 ①Attention，please！ I will make an (announce) to you. ②It’s officially announced ⁠ new speed restrictions would be introduced. ③When I was 15，I announced ⁠ my class that I was going to write my own books. ④The (announce) introduced the singer to the audience in a few words. ⑤请大家注意！我要宣布一个通知。(通知) Attention，please！ ⁠. announcement　 that　 to　 announcer　 I have an announcement to make　 [误区释疑] (1)动词announce后不跟双宾语，表示“向某人宣布某事”时应该说 announce sth.to sb.或 announce to sb.sth.。类似用法的单词还有 suggest、explain、report等，即向某人建议/解释/报道某事。 announce/suggest/explain/report sb.sth.(×) announce/suggest/explain/report sth.to sb.(√) (2)辨析announce/declare 易混词 用法 announce 泛指宣布某一消息或某事预示着某事物的到来 declare 指声明一件事情或在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态 度 巧学助记 (1)It is/was announced that...据宣布…… announce sth.to sb.向某人宣布某事 (2)announcement n.公告；宣布 make an announcement 发表公告 (3)announcer n.广播员，播音员，节目主持人 11. prevent vt.阻止，阻碍 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)David had a brain disease which prevented him walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. ②到了我们采取措施来阻止全球变暖的时候了。 It is high time for us to take measures to ⁠ ⁠. from　 prevent the earth from getting warm　 (1)stop/prevent (sb.) (from) doing sth.阻止/阻碍(某人)做某事 (2)preventive adj.预防性的 preventive action/measures预防措施 (3)prevention n.阻止；预防 12. no wonder不足为奇，并不奇怪 ①你能康复真是个奇迹。 ⁠ you can recover. ②她能赢得这么多的奖项不足为奇。 ⁠ she can win so many prizes. ③一些太极拳动作以动物命名不足为奇——中国武术模仿动物的做 法由来已久。 some tai chi moves are named after animals—Chinese martial arts have a long-standing practice of imitating animals. It is a wonder that　 It is no wonder that　 No wonder　 [误区释疑]　 wonder的常用句型： It is a wonder (that)...……真令人惊奇。 I wonder if/whether...我想知道是否……(礼貌地询问)。 I was wondering if/whether...我想知道是否…… (礼貌地请求帮助)。 (1)wonder n.奇迹；奇观；惊奇 It’s no wonder (that)...难怪…… in wonder惊奇地 do wonders创造奇迹；取得惊人成就 (2)wonder v.想知道；感到惊奇；感到疑惑 wonder at/about...对……感到惊奇 13. in response to对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 ①我想知道老师为什么没有对这个学生所犯的错误作出反应。 I want to know why the teacher the student’s mistake. ②针对你们招聘临时服务员的广告，我写了这封(申请)信。 I am writing ⁠ your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter. made no response to　 in response to　 ③不要对任何要求提供私人信息的邮件作出回应，不管它们看起来 多么正式。 Don’t any e-mail requesting personal information，no matter how official they look. respond to　 (1)response n.回答；响应 make a response to对……作出回答/回应 (2)respond v.回答；响应；作出反应 respond to 答复……；对……作出反应 14. tend vi.往往会；趋向vt.照看 ①She tends (get) angry whenever you defeat her in the game. ②There’s an upward (tend) for women to have children later in life. ③Julia (tend) her sick mother at home，which was why she was absent from work. to get　 tendency　 was tending (to)　 → (tend) → ⁠ (tendency) She tends to get angry if you disagree with her.　 She has a tendency to get angry if you disagree with her.　 ④如果你不同意她的观点，她很容易生气。(情节描写) (1)tend to do sth.易于做某事；倾向于做某事 tend (to) sb./sth.照顾/护理/看护某人/物 (2)tendency n.趋向；倾向 have a tendency to do sth.喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事 There is a tendency to (do)/towards sth.有一种……的趋势/倾向 15. inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生 (感觉或情感) ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Patting me on the shoulder，he inspired me ⁠ (continue) writing in English and believed that I would make great achievements in writing. ②(2023·北京卷)Hopefully，you will get some ⁠ (inspire) from my suggestions.Wish you success. ③I (inspire) to make a donation to the organization after dinner. ④The lecture was so (inspire) that they were all excited. to continue　 inspiration　 was inspired　 inspiring　 (1)inspire sb.with sth.＝inspire sth.in sb.用某事激励某人 inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事 (2)inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 inspired adj.受到鼓舞的；有灵感的 (3)inspiration n.鼓舞人心的人(或事物)；灵感 16. [教材原句]　With these requirements of tai chi in mind，I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved...让我欣慰的是，记住太极拳的这些要求后，我发现自己 的平衡性和柔韧性慢慢有所改善…… ①Moreover，wider and better social benefits can be reached with the positive social images (build). ②The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog (follow) them. built　 following　 ③With many books (buy)，our teacher went to the biggest bookstore. ④So many people communicate in English every day.It will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. → ，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.(with复合结构) to buy　 With so many people communicating in English every day　 “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，此结构可位于句 首或句尾，在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置 定语。结构如下： (1)with＋宾语＋adj.(adj.表示状态) (2)with＋宾语＋adv.(adv.表示状态) (3)with＋宾语＋介词短语 (4)with＋宾语＋done (done表示完成或被动) (5)with＋宾语＋doing (doing表示主动或进行) (6)with＋宾语＋to do (to do表示将来，有时用主动形式表示被 动意义) 跟踪检测　运用提升 层级一 核心知识精准练 过基础 维度1　单句语法填空 1. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Some people will tend overestimate，and some to underestimate. 2. (2022·浙江1月卷)One day I got word that he ⁠ (admit) to hospital for a serious disease. 3. (外研B6U5)Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce was inspired ⁠ (create) the Centre while watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests. to　 was admitted　 to create　 4. (2023·浙江1月卷)Welcome to our program，Miss Johnson. (congratulate) on winning the Teacher of the Year award. 5. (人教B3U2)She charged very low fees to treat patients and often (reduce) costs for poor patients. 6. (人教B3U3)The stores in the Chinatown offer a unique range ⁠ souvenirs，goods，and clothing. 7. (人教B6U2)After six months of trying out new ways of relaxing，I feel much more (energy). Congratulations　 reduced　 of　 energetic　 8. (人教B5U1)As a result of this evidence，John Snow was able to announce ⁠ the pump water carried cholera germs. 9. (外研B6U1)Obsessive online photo editing indicates ⁠ lack of self-confidence and a desire for attention. 10. (外研B6U2)With objects (range) from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height，each of these requires its own unique method of restoration. that　 a　 ranging　 维度2　熟词生义 1. average A. adj.平均的 B. adj.普通的 C. n.平均数；平均水平 D. v.平均为；计算出……的平均数 (1)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour. ⁠ D　 (2)The candidates’ age ranged from 29 to 49 with an average age of 37. ⁠ (3)It’s said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day. ⁠ (4)The average American has not even thought about next year’s election. ⁠ A　 C　 B　 2. admit (1)Only ticket-holders will be admitted to the cinema. ⁠ (2)Everyone of us should have the courage to admit our mistakes. ⁠ (3)Only athletes who have reached the standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. ⁠ (4)The gym to be completed next month can admit 1，000 people at a time. ⁠ B　 A　 C　 D　 A. 承认　B. 准许进入(或加入)　C. 接纳　D. 可容纳 维度3　完成句子/一句多译/句式升级 1. 它涵盖了各种主题，从诗歌到科幻小说，这拓宽了我们的视野。 It covers a variety of topics， ⁠ ，which broaden our horizons. ranging from poems to science fiction　 2. 请注意，我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片“Growing Together” 将于7点半在学校大厅上映。(通知) Attention，please. ⁠.An English short film，called Growing Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7： 30. I have an announcement to make　 3. 我们祝贺你们通过了高考。 ①We ⁠ your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulation) ②We ⁠ your passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulate) express/offer/send our congratulations to you on　 congratulate you on　 4. 据我所知，很多人认为他能横渡这片海洋。 ①As far as I know，a great many people ⁠ he could cross the ocean.(assume) ②As far as I know，a great many people ⁠ he could cross the ocean.(assumption) assumed (that)　 made an assumption that　 5. My English teacher is equipped with much experience in teaching， so he is well respected by all of us students. → ，my English teacher is well respected by all of us students.(过去分词短语作状语) → ，my English teacher is well respected by all of us students.(现在分词短语作 状语) Equipped with much experience in teaching　 Equipping himself with much experience in teaching　 层级二 必备素养提升练 提能力 提能1　应用文写作 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确 形式完成下面的语篇。 ① (以……为目的) improving students’ fitness，our school launched the 5-kilometer cross-country running race，which finished successfully last Sunday.The players，mainly consisting of the students ② ⁠ (从不同班级和年级选拔的；分词作定语)，together with some teachers，attended the race vigorously.The competition was fierce.The pavements beside the running route，from the school gate to the foot of South Hill，③ ⁠ ⁠ With the purpose of　 selected from different classes and grades　 were packed with teachers and students giving loud cheers and applause to the players　 (挤满了为运动员欢呼和鼓掌的老师和学生).Though tired and exhausted，the players all ④ ⁠ (把比赛 视为增强体魄的良好方式). regarded/looked on/viewed this competition as/to be a good way of building up their strength　 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 情感 描写 hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑 satisfaction n.满意；满足，达到 stick with持续，坚持 动作 描写 stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 prevent vt.阻止，阻碍 lack vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 in response to对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 环境 描写 nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 position n.处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答 案并背诵该语段。 一只熊正在附近的湖边玩耍。他嗅到了我们的面包的气味，然 后他靠着他的嗅觉找到了我们的位置。他太饿了，似乎马上就会把 我们吞下去。太恐怖了！突然，我想到了一个好主意。我打算用面 包来阻止他的攻击。我把面包尽可能地扔向远处。这确实有效了。 熊毫不犹豫地朝面包方向跑去。应我们的要求，直升机很快就到 了。我们满意地爬了进去。这真是一次可怕而宝贵的经历。 A bear was playing beside ⁠.He sniffed the smell of our bread，and then he ⁠.He was ⁠ that it seemed that he would swallow us in a minute.How terrible！ Suddenly，a good idea ⁠.I intended to use the bread ⁠.I threw the bread as far as I could.It did work.The bear ⁠ . ，the helicopter soon arrived. ⁠.It was a horrible and precious experience. a nearby lake　 followed his nose to our position　 so hungry　 occurred to me　 to prevent his attack　 didn’t hesitate to run to the bread　 In response to our request　 We climbed into it with satisfaction　 课时作业　巩固提升 主题语篇素养强化 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·北京卷)The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport.Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period.They promote the Olympic values，spreading the message of sport for good. To be an IOC Young Leader，you need to first complete the 4- Week Learning Sprint (冲刺). 4-Week Learning Sprint The 4-Week Learning Sprint，which will take place during November 2023，is a virtual learning programme.The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel.Each week，participants will be asked to complete a topic- specific reflection task. The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone，with the target audience aged between 20 and 28. After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint，you will need to submit a plan for a sport-based project，which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. Requirements for the Applicants ·You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint. ·You have completed your high school studies. ·You have at least one year of work experience. ·You have strong public speaking skills. ·You are self-motivated and committed. ·You are passionate about creating positive change in your community. ·You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴). ·You are able to work with people from different backgrounds. 体裁：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——体育与健康——成为国际奥委会青年领 袖的项目以及要求 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为 国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。 1. In the 4-Week Learning Sprint，participants will  　　　　. A. create change in their community B. attend a virtual learning programme C. meet people from different backgrounds D. promote the IOC Young Leaders project 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分第二句可知，在为期 四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2. If selected as an IOC Young Leader，one will need to  　　　　　　. A. complete a reflection task each week B. watch sports on the IOC channel C. work on a sport-based project D. coach and advise their peers 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中第三段可知，如果 被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3. Which is a requirement for the applicants？ A. Spreading the message of sport for good. B. Having at least one-year work experience. C. Showing great passion for project planning. D. Committing themselves to becoming an expert. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中“You have at least one year of work experience.”可知，对申请人的要求是至少 一年工作经验。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B (2023·江苏南通二模)Somewhere in the Southern Pacific Ocean， Kirsten Neuschäfer is alone on her boat as she tries to outfight the latest storm that crosses her path.Neuschäfer is battling to win what is possibly the most challenging competition the sailing world has to offer—the Golden Globe Race.Since setting off from the coast of France，Neuschäfer，the only woman competing，has left all competitors in her wake.Of the 16 entrants who set sail five months ago，only four are still in the race，and for the moment at least，she’s leading. Unlike its more famous cousin，the Vendée Globe solo nonstop race with its purpose-built boats made for speed，Golden Globe entrants sail low-tech boats without modern electronic aid—no laptops or electronic charts，or complicated weather routing (气象定线).To find their position at sea，participants instead rely on celestial navigation (天文导航) and simple speed calculations. Racers don’t do it for the money.The prize of 5，000 pounds is not even enough to cover entry fees.“The single-handed aspect was the one that drew me，” Neuschäfer，who is from South Africa，says of her decision to enter.“I really like the aspect of sailing by celestial navigation，” she says，adding that she’s always wanted to know “what it would have been like back when you didn’t have all the modern technology at your fingertips.” The days on board aren’t always full of drama.A typical day，if there is such a thing，starts just before sunrise，Neuschäfer says，“a good time to get the time signal on the radio so that I can synchronize (校准) my watches，” which she needs for accurate celestial navigation.“Then...I’ll have a cup of coffee and a bowl of cereal.” A walk around the deck to see if anything goes wrong and perhaps a bit of reading before another sight at noon to check her position.In a media interview conducted through an old-fashioned satellite phone on her boat，she says after the race finishes，“the first thing I’d like to do is eat ice cream.” 体裁：新闻报道 主题语境：人与社会——竞赛和比赛——金球奖帆船赛 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在南太 平洋的某个地方，Kirsten Neuschäfer独自一人在她的船上， Neuschäfer正在为赢得可能是帆船世界最具挑战性的比赛而 战——金球奖帆船赛。 4. Which of the following best explains “in her wake” underlined in paragraph 1？ A. Cheering her on. B. Following her lead. C. Beside her. D. Behind her. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 词义猜测题。根据画线词组下文可知，Kirsten Neuschäfer领先于其 他所有参赛选手。由此可知，她已经把所有的竞争者甩在了后面， 画线词组in her wake与behind her (在她身后)意思一致。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5. What can be inferred about the Golden Globe Race？ A. It puts emphasis on team spirit. B. Its winners master traditional sailing skills. C. It is the most well-known sailing race in the world. D. Its boats are specially built to achieve higher speeds. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，“金球奖”参赛选手驾驶的 是传统帆船。由此推知，金球奖帆船赛的获胜者必须精通传统的帆 船技术。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6. What attracted Neuschäfer to enter the Golden Globe Race？ A. The challenge of unassisted sailing. B. The chance of sailing around the globe. C. The recognition from the sailing community. D. The honor coming with winning the first prize. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句到最后可知，无辅助航行的挑战吸 引了Neuschäfer参加金球奖比赛。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7. What are most of Neuschäfer’s days on board like？ A. They are long and tiring. B. They are relatively peaceful. C. They are totally unpredictable. D. They are busy but manageable. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A typical day，...check her position.”可推知，Neuschäfer在船上的大部分时间都很忙，但还 可以应付。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——体育锻炼——水中慢跑 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了水中 慢跑。 (2024·重庆高三质量检测)The summer heat and humidity can make even the most dedicated outdoor runner feel unmotivated.For those who want an alternative to running on the roads without losing their fitness，deep water running，or aqua jogging，could be a useful cross-training exercise.Many runners turn to deep water running as the last resort when they are injured because aqua jogging is not weight- bearing. 　1　0 1. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Work your legs up as you would in a run. B. Getting used to running in the pool takes time. C. A cycling action of the legs is easier to start with. D. Professional instructions are essential for beginners. E. So increase your speed if you want to increase intensity. F. It provides tremendous benefits to healthy individuals，too. G. A flotation belt around your waist will help your running technique. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 根据上句可知，设空处应讲解水中慢跑对初学者的要求，D项承上 启下，并和下文对水中慢跑的具体介绍相呼应。 1 2 3 4 5 To get into this exercise，you will need access to a pool that is deep enough so that your feet don’t touch the ground.The depth of the water should be at least five inches less than your height.  　2　There are different kinds available to purchase or rent online and at swimming pools.Wear one that feels comfortable. 2. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Work your legs up as you would in a run. B. Getting used to running in the pool takes time. C. A cycling action of the legs is easier to start with. D. Professional instructions are essential for beginners. E. So increase your speed if you want to increase intensity. F. It provides tremendous benefits to healthy individuals，too. G. A flotation belt around your waist will help your running technique. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 根据上句可知，设空处应为进行这个锻炼的要求，以及下句可知， 设空处应为在水中跑步所需要的物品，G项符合上下文语境。 1 2 3 4 5 The best way to aqua jog is to imitate running on land.The movement of your arms and legs should look similar to land-based running.Everything except your head and the top part of your shoulders should be underwater.  　3　But practice a running motion once you feel more confident in your balance and core control. 3. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Work your legs up as you would in a run. B. Getting used to running in the pool takes time. C. A cycling action of the legs is easier to start with. D. Professional instructions are essential for beginners. E. So increase your speed if you want to increase intensity. F. It provides tremendous benefits to healthy individuals，too. G. A flotation belt around your waist will help your running technique. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 根据上句可知，设空处应为这样做的好处，C项符合上下文语境。 1 2 3 4 5  　4　Runners should treat the first three sessions as a learning experience rather than a hard workout.Workouts can be continuous， easy running or a combination of short bursts at a comfortably hard pace followed by brief periods at an easier active recovery pace.The sessions can be as short as 20 minutes. 4. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Work your legs up as you would in a run. B. Getting used to running in the pool takes time. C. A cycling action of the legs is easier to start with. D. Professional instructions are essential for beginners. E. So increase your speed if you want to increase intensity. F. It provides tremendous benefits to healthy individuals，too. G. A flotation belt around your waist will help your running technique. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 设空处位于段首，概括本段内容，根据下句可知，在水中慢跑是一 个长时间的过程，B项符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 As helpful as it is，aqua jogging is not meant to replace all of your regular running.Your heart rate will be slightly lower while aqua jogging for the same level of exercise on land.  　5　. 5. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Work your legs up as you would in a run. B. Getting used to running in the pool takes time. C. A cycling action of the legs is easier to start with. D. Professional instructions are essential for beginners. E. So increase your speed if you want to increase intensity. F. It provides tremendous benefits to healthy individuals，too. G. A flotation belt around your waist will help your running technique. 答案：E 1 2 3 4 5 根据上句可知，下句应为水中慢跑要达到陆地上相同水平的运动 时，应该怎么办。E项符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2023·安徽高三一模)Five days a week I go out for a run—a short and slow run.The only way I can  　1　 to it is to keep it a habit.It’s a spiritual approach to making exercise a habit. We’re meant to treat the 　2　 with respect，doing all we can within our power to keep it  　3　 and serviceable. I have a wild heart history.I have 　4　 heart surgery twice in my life.After each procedure，I signed up for cardiac rehab (心脏康复) where I worked with a nurse，a physical therapist (治疗专家) and got exercise three days a week，building back my  　5　 and my confidence. The last time I wanted to 　6　 running，the nurse and therapist urged me on，for running is  　7　 for my body and my soul. Their 　8　 was a reminder：keep it up. 　9　 jogging up and down hills，I’m not out to  　10　 any races.Recently，as I came up the hill running with a friend，a neighbor cried out，“You look like the last two finishers of the marathon.” “You must really 　11　 to run，” people will say to me.Love is a too  　12　 word.But I love to finish a run.That feels good. The only way I can do it is make it a habit.Sometimes I do it  　13　 in the morning.As the weather gets cold，I prefer going later in the day when I won’t  　14　. I can learn and grow while running. Good habits are，in turn，habit-forming.I find it 　15　 if I simply make it a rule，trying a spiritual approach to making running a habit. 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——体育锻炼——跑步锻炼的经历 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己跑步锻 炼的经历，阐述让跑步成为习惯是最简单的能够坚持下去的方式。 1. A. stick B. add C. connect D. compare 答案：A 根据下文“The only way I can do it is make it a habit.”可知，作者 能够坚持跑步使用的方法是让它成为习惯。stick to“坚持”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 根据下文“running is  　7　 for my body and my soul”和作者跑步锻 炼身体可知，此处作者说的是我们的身体。 2. A. planet B. body C. heart D. earth 答案：B 根据下文“running is  　7　 for my body and my soul”和作者跑步锻 炼身体可知，此处作者说的是我们的身体。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. A. healthy B. popular C. real D. comfortable 答案：A 根据下文“serviceable”和作者跑步锻炼可知，跑步是为身体 健康。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4. A. learned B. refused C. had D. dropped 答案：C 根据下文“I signed up for cardiac rehab (心脏康复)”可知，作者做 过两次心脏手术。have heart surgery“接受心脏外科手术”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. A. power B. strength C. patience D. ability 答案：B 根据上文“got exercise three days a week，building back”并结合常 识可知，作者手术后参加心脏康复锻炼是为了恢复体力。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. A. call at B. rely on C. give up D. appeal to 答案：C 根据下文“the nurse and therapist urged me on”可知，作者想要放 弃跑步，护士和治疗师劝他坚持。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. A. basic B. simple C. tough D. good 答案：D 根据上文“the nurse and therapist urged me on”可知，护士和治疗 师劝说作者坚持跑步，说明跑步对作者有好处。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8. A. encouragement B. check C. value D. sympathy 答案：A 根据上文“the nurse and therapist urged me on”和下文“a reminder：keep it up”可知，护士和治疗给予作者鼓励。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. A. Seriously B. Steadily C. Slowly D. Independently 答案：C 根据下文“You look like the last two finishers of the marathon.”可 知，作者跑得很慢。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 根据上文“running is  　7　 for my body and my soul”和下文“You look like the last two finishers of the marathon.”可知，作者慢慢地跑 步，是为了身体健康，不是为了赢得比赛。 10. A. watch B. offer C. choose D. win 答案：D 根据上文“running is  　7　 for my body and my soul”和下文“You look like the last two finishers of the marathon.”可知，作者慢慢地跑 步，是为了身体健康，不是为了赢得比赛。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. A. afford B. help C. love D. desire 答案：C 根据下文的“Love”和“But I love to finish a run.”可知，人们认为 作者真的爱跑步。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12. A. rare B. strong C. common D. sensitive 答案：B 根据下文“But I love to finish a run.That feels good.”可知，作者感 觉爱这个意义太强烈，但是作者喜欢跑步，那让他感觉很好。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. A. unwillingly B. again C. eventually D. first 答案：A 根据下文“I prefer going later in the day”可知，作者有时候不愿意 早晨跑步。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. A. freeze B. fear C. hesitate D. comment 答案：A 根据上文“As the weather gets cold”可知，天气变冷了，作者晚些 时候出去以免挨冻。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. A. safest B. easiest C. hardest D. fullest 答案：B 根据上文“Good habits are，in turn，habit-forming.”和上文内容可 知，作者认为尝试让跑步成为习惯是最简单的方法。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅳ.语法填空 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——体育锻炼——刘志华老人坚持滑雪的 事迹 　　【语篇解读】　文章主要说明了87岁的刘志华老人坚持滑雪的 事迹。 (2023·贵州高三校考)As this year’s ski season got underway，Liu Zhihua，1. 　　　　　　 (age) 87，joined the crowd at a ski resort and glided fluently down the piste (滑雪道). 1. 考查词性转换。提示词作定语修饰名词Liu Zhihua，应用形容词 aged，意为“……岁的”。 答案：aged Actually，Liu took up the sport in 2007 when she was 72.“After conquering the fear of falling，I became increasingly interested in skiing.” Starting on the beginner slopes，Liu 2. 　　　　　　 . (gradual) moved to intermediate runs，and has even got onto the advanced ones. 2. 考查词性转换。修饰动词move应用副词gradually。 答案：gradually When asked about the setbacks she had encountered，Liu， 3. 　　　　　　 is an excellent skier now recalls that she fell over while going down a slope due to a lack of experience.“But skill comes 4. 　　　　　　 practice.Just get used to it，” she says.5. 　　　　　　 (wear) a bright smile，Liu adds “No one can tell your age when everyone is in a ski suit.” 3. 考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Liu，在从句中作 主语，指人。 答案：who 4. 考查介词。表示“来自”短语为come from。 答案：from 5. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，wear与逻辑主语Liu构成 主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。 答案：Wearing These days，Liu skis for about two hours at a time under the 6. 　　　　　　 (protect) of her instructors.7. 　　　　　　 she skis less often than in previous years，Liu is determined 8. 　　　　　　. (persevere). 6. 考查词性转换。作介词的宾语，应用名词protection，不可数。 答案：protection 7. 考查状语从句。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用 although、though或while，首字母大写。 答案：Although/Though/While 8. 考查非谓语动词。表示“决心做某事”短语为be determined to do sth. 答案：to persevere “I’d rather fall on a piste than lie on a sickbed，” says Liu.“Health and happiness are the two things that doing sports 9. 　　　　　　 (bring) to me over the past years，” she says.“I don’t think age has much to do with my mindset.Old or young，I have been 10. 　　　　　　 (courage) and optimistic.” 9. 考查动词的时态。根据下文over the past years可知，此处为现在 完成时，主语为doing sports，助动词用has。 答案：has brought 10. 考查词性转换。作表语应用形容词courageous，意为“勇敢 的”。 答案：courageous 阅读语篇专练提升 (2023·河南九师联考) A Waynesville， North Carolina Travel Guide About 25 miles southwest of Asheville， Waynesville is the perfect western Carolina mountain town with real charm. So why not visit it？ Best Things to Do in Waynesville •Make the short drive to Waterrock Knob， where you’ll find one of the best trails and views in Western North Carolina.At 5，820 feet， it’s the highest visitor center along the Blue Ridge Parkway. •Go to Cataloochee Valley to see the elk (麋鹿).The valley is filled with wildlife and wildflowers. •Visit Haywood’s Farmers Market， filled with local products from produce to cheese to crafts. Fill up your bag with fresh fruit and sweet treats for a picnic around Lake Junaluska. •Explore the Frog Level District located on Richland Creek， which features one- and two-story brick and frame buildings from the early 1900s. Best Time to Visit Fall is the most popular time for Waynesville tourism. The bright oranges， yellows， and reds of the fall leaves draw crowds from near and far—so you can expect the cost to mirror the demand.Spring， however， is the best time to visit Waynesville if you want to enjoy pleasant weather， and various fairs and festivals. Where to Stay in Waynesville You’ll feel at home instantly you pull up to The Yellow House on Plott Creek Road. Built in the late 1800s， the hotel sits on five rolling acres of land， surrounded by walking paths， two ponds and a stream. There’re ten rooms and suites and each has its own private bath， fireplace and sitting area. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 How to Get There Ashevile Regional Airport is the closest airport. If you’re flying into the area， you’ll need your own transportation to travel around Waynesville. Downtown Waynesville is walkable but exploring further out into the Blue Ridge Mountains requires a car. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了北卡罗来 纳州的韦恩斯维尔镇的旅游指南。 1. Where will you most probably have a chance to admire ancient buildings？ A. Waterrock Knob. B. Cataloochee Valley. C. Frog Level District. D. Haywood’s Farmers Market. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据Best Things to Do in Waynesville部分“Explore the Frog Level District located on Richland Creek，which features one- and two-story brick and frame buildings from the early 1900s.(探索位于Richland Creek的Frog Level区，其特色是20世纪初的一层和两层的砖和框架的建筑)”可知，在Frog Level District可观赏古建筑。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. What makes fall the most popular time to visit Waynesville？ A. The competitive cost. B. The local cultures. C. The agreeable weather. D. The natural beauty. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据Best Time to Visit部分“Fall is the most popular time for Waynesville tourism. The bright oranges， yellows， and reds of the fall leaves draw crowds from near and far—so you can expect the cost to mirror the demand.(秋天是韦恩斯维尔旅游业最受欢迎的季 节。秋天树叶的亮橙色、黄色和红色吸引了来自四面八方的人群— —所以你可以预期成本会反映需求)”可知，秋天的自然风光吸引 了来自四面八方的游客。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. What had you better do in order to have a nice time around Waynesville？ A. Rent a car. B. Feed some wildlife. C. Hike on foot. D. Grow fresh fruits. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据How to Get There部分“If you’re flying into the area， you’ll need your own transportation to travel around Waynesville. Downtown Waynesville is walkable but exploring further out into the Blue Ridge Mountains requires a car.(如果你要飞往该地 区，你需要自己的交通工具来环游韦恩斯维尔。韦恩斯维尔市中心 适合步行，但要探索更深入的蓝岭山脉，则需要一辆汽车)”可 知，为了有好的旅游体验，你最好租一辆车。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 B Melba Mebane never thought she’d retire from the department store she worked at for 74 years—until the traffic on her commute (通 勤) became unbearable.The Dillard’s where she worked in Tyler， Texas， was only a 15-minute drive from her house， but traffic could sometimes double the commute， for which Mebane， now 91， no longer had the patience. Thus， she retired from her job at Dillard’s. Mebane began working as an “elevator girl” at the Mayer & Schmidt department store in 1949 when she was seventeen， through a work-study program at Tyler High School. The store was acquired by Dillard’s in 1956. She moved to the men’s clothing department， and later the cosmetics (化妆品) counter， where she stayed until she retired.“There were gift baskets one of the girls just couldn’t sell，” says Mebane.“They asked me to try， so I stepped out and talked to people about the baskets...I sold every single one.So I was told that’s where I was staying.” Mebane followed the same morning routine for 74 years： Waking up at 6：00 a.m.， making a pot of coffee， preparing a quick breakfast， and then getting to Dillard’s at 9：00 a.m. sharp. “I loved going to work every day，” says Mebane.“If you’re content with what you’re doing，why not keep doing it？” Her best advice for finding a good career is not to take a job simply because it pays well， because “money can disappoint you，” Mebane warns. “Finding something you’re good at and people you enjoy working with is so much more important.” Since she started working at Dillard’s， Mebane had opportunities to become a manager， but she always turned the offers down. “Nobody likes management， because they have to make tough decisions，” she says. “I liked my friends and work， and I wanted to keep them， so I just focused on being the best salesperson I could be.” Many of Mebane’s former co-workers visit her in the retirement village where she has recently moved， taking her out to lunch， the movies or shopping. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了91岁的 Melba Mebane从工作了74年的百货公司退休下来的故事。 4. Why did Mebane decide to retire？ A. She was bored with driving. B. She couldn’t stand the traffic. C. She was impatient at work. D. She had difficulty communicating. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Dillard’s where she worked in Tyler， Texas， was only a 15-minute drive from her house， but traffic could sometimes double the commute， for which Mebane， now 91， no longer had the patience.(她在得克萨斯 州泰勒的迪拉德餐厅工作，那里离她家只有15分钟的车程，但 有时交通拥堵的时间是通勤时间的两倍，现在91岁的Mebane再 也没有耐心了)”可知，Mebane因为受不了通勤路上拥堵的交 通，所以辞去了工作。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. What do we know about Mebane from paragraph 3？ A. She changed jobs frequently. B. She had strong responsibility. C. She owned the sales potential. D. She was lucky in finding jobs. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据第三段中Mebane的话“They asked me to try， so I stepped out and talked to people about the baskets...I sold every single one.(他们让我试一试，所以我走出去和人们谈 论礼品篮……我把每一个都卖出去了)”可推知，Mebane有优秀 的销售潜力。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. What made Mebane devoted to her work at Dillard’s？ A. Her interest. B. Her education. C. The high pay. D. The chance for promotion. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第四段中Mebane的话“I loved going to work every day(我喜欢每天去上班)”和“If you’re content with what you’re doing， why not keep doing it？(如果你对自己的工作满意的 话。为什么不继续做呢？)”可知，Mebane热爱她的工作，正是她 的兴趣让她全身心地投入迪拉德餐厅的工作中。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. What is Mebane’s suggestion for people wanting to be happier at work？ A. Overcoming their weaknesses. B. Improving management skills. C. Making decisions quickly. D. Focusing on their relationships. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据第五段中Mebane的话“Finding something you’re good at and people you enjoy working with is so much more important.(找到你擅长的事情和你喜欢一起工作的人是非常重要 的)”和最后一段的内容可知，Mebane注重工作中的人际关系。所 以对于想要在工作中更快乐的人，Mebane会建议他们关注人际关 系。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 C Depleted forests are never out of the headlines， but do you know that several tech-led techniques are being employed to improve reforestation and bring these lungs of nature， a key source of oxygen in the atmosphere， back to life？ Nature news website， Mongabay， recently devoted a mini-series to exploring the newest technological solutions that support worldwide reforestation efforts， but not without pointing out that reforestation efforts often have weaknesses. This Mongabay review speaks frankly about the blemishes of labor-intensive reforestation efforts as poor planning leads to underreported tree planting outcomes. For example， perhaps trees were planted where they didn’t suit the chosen habitats. According to Mongabay， the challenge is to match rising demand for restoration with ecologically sound， scalable (可扩展的) reforestation methods. “Scale is the biggest challenge to restoration and reforestation projects worldwide，” said Charlotte Mills， chief ecologist at AirSeed Technologies in Australia.The good news is that new tech solutions can help make tree planting at scale easier， faster and more successful. For instance， solar-powered， seed-planting robots， able to plant up to 600 trees in a morning， are being carried out by conservationists working in the Peruvian Amazon. Drones (无人机) are employed to drop seeds in precise areas， especially at remote and difficult-to-access sites. One company operating them is Mast Reforestation， a Seattle-based one working on North America’s conifer (针叶树) forests destroyed by logging， insects and wildfire. The Globe and Mail reports on how Canadian start-up， Flash Forest， uses drones that fire seeds at a high speed into the soil. It has a great goal to go beyond changing forestry to slow down climate change and finally conserve ecological diversity. Sending people out on field monitoring to assess the health of new trees which take years to mature is time-consuming and costly. Here， satellites are stepping up to provide large-scale data sets over time on how huge reforested sites are going.Food giant Nestle announced in April 2023 that it’s working to monitor its reforestation efforts long- term using satellites. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然新闻 网站Mongabay最近专门探索了支持全球重新造林工作的最新技 术解决方案，几种最新技术被运用于解决重新造林工作中通常 存在的挑战。 8. What does the underlined word “blemishes” in paragraph 2 mean？ A. Dangers. B. Disadvantages. C. Features. D. Results. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“as poor planning leads to underreported tree planting outcomes. For example， perhaps trees were planted where they didn’t suit the chosen habitats(由于规划不当 导致植树结果被低估。例如，也许树木被种植在不适合所选栖息地 的地方)”可知，劳动密集型的重新造林工作中有许多问题，包括 规划不当和栖息地选择不正确，由此推知，此处表示Mongabay坦 率地指出了这项工作的缺点，blemishes意为“缺点，瑕疵”，与 disadvantages意思接近。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. Why does the author mention Charlotte Mills？ A. To criticize the underdeveloped technologies. B. To tell the rising demand for restoration. C. To call on practicable reforestation methods. D. To show the trouble with global reforestation. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据提到Charlotte Mills前的表述“According to Mongabay， the challenge is to match rising demand for restoration with ecologically sound， scalable reforestation methods. (根据 Mongabay的说法，挑战在于用生态友好的、可扩展的重新造林方 法来满足不断增长的恢复需求)”以及Charlotte Mills所说的话 “Scale is the biggest challenge to restoration and reforestation projects worldwide(规模是全球范围内恢复和重新造林项目面临的最大挑 战)”可推知，作者提到Charlotte Mills应该是为了显示在全球范围 内进行重新造林的挑战。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. What is Flash Forest’s biggest ambition？ A. Preserving biodiversity. B. Making a change to forestry. C. Dropping seeds at remote areas. D. Driving drones at high speeds. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Flash Forest有一个伟大 的目标，超越改变林业，减缓气候变化，最终保护生态多样性。故 选A项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. What could be a suitable title for the text？ A. Trees Are Suffering B. Forests Are Recovering C. Technology for Trees D. Technique for Challenges 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Depleted forests are never out of the headlines， but do you know that several tech-led techniques are being employed to improve reforestation and bring these lungs of nature， a key source of oxygen in the atmosphere， back to life？ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 (枯竭的森林从来都是头条新闻，但你知道吗，一些以科技为主导 的技术正在被用于改善重新造林，使这些自然之肺——大气中氧气 的主要来源——恢复生机)”可知，文章聚焦自然新闻网站 Mongabay最近所做的专门回顾，该回顾探索了支持全球重新造林 工作的最新技术解决方案，介绍了正被运用于解决造林工作中通常 存在的挑战的几种最新技术。由此可知，C项“树木技术”符合文 章大意，最适合作为标题。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 D After losing an important deal in India， a business negotiator learned that her counterpart (对方) felt as if she had been rushing through the talks. The business negotiator thought she was being efficient with their time.Their cultures have different views on how to conduct negotiations， and in this case， the barrier prevented a successful outcome. Research shows that deal-making across cultures tends to lead to worse outcomes as compared with negotiations conducted within the same culture. As we know， cultures are characterized by different behaviors， communication styles and norms (准则). Consequently， when negotiating across cultures， we bring different views to the bargaining table， which in turn may result in potential misunderstandings that can lead to a lower likelihood of discovering value-creating solutions. Cultural conflict in negotiations is linked with the fact that we， at most times， interpret others’ behaviors， values， and beliefs through the lens (透镜) of our own culture. To overcome this， it is important to rescarch the customs and behaviors of different cultures as well as understand why people follow these customs and exhibit these behaviors in the first place. Just as important， not only do countries have unique cultures， but teams and organizations do too. Before partaking in any negotiation， take the time to study the context and the person on the other side of the bargaining table， including the various cultures to which he belongs， whether the culture of his culture， the culture of engineering， or his particular company’s corporate culture. The more you know about the client， the better off you’ll do in any negotiation. Therefore， we see the negotiator has learned her Indian counterpart would have appreciated a slower pace with more opportunities for relationship building. She seems to have run into the issue： Using time efficiently in the course of negotiations is generally valued in the United States， but in India， there’s often a greater focus on building relationships early in the process. By doing research on the clients’ cultures， they can adjust their negotiation method and give themselves a better chance of creating a valuable negotiation experience for both themselves and their counterpart. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过 了解不同的文化来应对文化冲突，从而在跨文化谈判中达成合作。 12. What resulted in the business woman’s failure in her negotiation in India？ A. Her slow work style. B. Their personal conflicts of interests. C. Her poor communication capacity. D. The differences between their cultures. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Their cultures have different views on how to conduct negotiations， and in this case， the barrier prevented a successful outcome. (他们的文化对如何进行谈判有不同 的看法，在这种情况下，这种障碍阻碍了成功的结果)”可知，双 方的文化差异导致了生意谈判失败。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. What is the second paragraph mainly about？ A. The analyses about the findings of the research. B. The deep reasons for failed cross-culture negotiations. C. The common misunderstandings in negotiations. D. The causes of conflicts between negotiators’ views. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 段落大意题。根据第二段中的“As we know， cultures are characterized by different behaviors， communication styles and norms. Consequently， when negotiating across cultures， we bring different views to the bargaining table， which in turn may result in potential misunderstandings that can lead to a lower likelihood of discovering value-creating solutions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 (正如我们所知，文化以不同的行为、沟通方式和规范为特征。因 此，当跨文化谈判时，我们会把不同的观点带到谈判桌上，这反过 来可能会导致潜在的误解，从而降低发现创造价值的解决方案的可 能性)”可知，该段主要分析的是跨文化谈判失败的深层原因，即 不同的文化往往有不同的观点，有可能导致潜在的误解。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. What does the author mainly want to say in paragraph 4？ A. Research is necessary before negotiating. B. People should respect cultural differences. C. Meeting cultural differences is fairly common. D. Cross-culture conflicts result from ignorance. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可推知，作者在该段想要表达的是 在谈判前进行调查研究很有必要，对对方的文化越了解，越有利于 谈判的进行。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. What is the function of the last paragraph？ A. To come up with a new conclusion. B. To recommend a negotiation method. C. To summarize the above paragraphs. D. To share different opinions on the example. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段给出跨文化谈判失败的案例， 第二、三、四段从该案例出发，分析了跨文化谈判往往会失败的背 后深层次的文化原因，以及解决这种跨文化问题的方法，最后一段 回到案例本身，结合上文的原因和方法，给案例中的人提供了具体 的建议。由此推知，该段旨在归纳上文。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $$