Unit 4 Looking good,feeling good-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版2020）

Unit 4　Looking good,feeling good 必修第一册 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 (主题语境：人与自我——运动与健康) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识　自测落实 核心考点　互动探究 跟踪检测　运用提升 课时作业　巩固提升 基础知识　自测落实 单元词句背诵 一、阅读词汇——知其意 1.yogurt n. 酸奶 2. faint vi. 昏厥 adj. 昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的 3. sex n. 性别 4. per cent n. 百分之…… 5. nutrition n. 营养 6. aspect n. 方面，层面 7. plastic adj. 可塑的，塑料的 n. 塑料 8. surgery n. 外科手术 9. plastic surgery 整形手术；整形外科 10. campus n. (大学、学院的)校园，校区 11. guy n. 小伙子，家伙 12. saying n. 格言，谚语，警句 13. jeans n. 牛仔裤 14. male adj. 男性的；雄性的 n. 男性，雄性 15. female adj. 女性的；雌性的 n. 女性，雌性 16. fashion n. 时尚，时兴；流行款式 17. digital adj. 数码的，数字的 18. series n.(pl.series) 一系列，连续 19. external adj. 外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 20. piano n. 钢琴 21. individuality n. 个性，个人特征 22.app n. 应用程序，应用软件 二、核心词汇——明其形 1.skip vt. 不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 2. slim vi. 变苗条，减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的，小的 3. prove linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实 4. diet n. 日常饮食；节食 vi. 节食，进行规定饮食 5. function vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 6. within prep. 在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在……里 7. rather adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 8. memory n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 9. attack n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击 10. amount n. 数量 11. schedule n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 12. negative adj. 消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的 13. shadow n. 阴影，影子，昏暗处，阴暗处 14.content n. 内容；目录 三、拓展词汇——通其变 1. concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 →concentration n.集中；专注 2. extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方 式等)→extremely adv.极端地 3. concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→concern vt.涉 及；让(某人)担忧n.担心，忧虑；关心→concerning prep.关于 4. effect n.效果，作用；影响→effective adj.有效的；生效的 5. energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energy n.精力；活 力；能量 6. frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→frightening adj.令人恐惧 的→frighten vt.使恐惧 7. contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加 →contribution n.贡献；捐款；捐赠→contributor n.捐赠者；投稿人 8. memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→memorize vt.记忆，记住 9. treatment n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理→treat vt.治疗；对待；处理 10. addition n.增加，添加；加法→add vt.增加；添加；补充说 →additional adj.附加的，添加的 11. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful adj.美丽的 →beautify vt.美化；使更美丽 12. fashion n.时尚，时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj.时尚的； 流行的 13. strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen vt.& vi.巩固，加 强→strong adj.强壮的 14. talent n.天资，天赋；人才，天才→talented adj.有才能的 15. achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成→achieve vt.完成，达到 1.pass out 昏迷，失去知觉 2. slim down 变苗条，减肥 3. side effect 副作用 4. take in 摄入，吸收 5. get into shape 强身健体 6. contribute to 促成，造成 7. in the short/long term 从短期/长期看 8. in addition 此外 9. hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 10. guard against 防范，防止，提防 11. fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗 12. live up to 达到，符合，不辜负 13. end up 最终成为，最终处于 14. show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 15.take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲 常见结构 1. where引导定语从句 2. It＋be＋adj.＋that... 3. 动名词短语作主语 4. the way作先行词的定语从句 5. There is no reason why...没有理由…… 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.词汇默写 一、核心词汇 1. vt.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 2. vi.变苗条，减肥adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的 3. v.后来被发现是vt.证明，证实 4. n.日常饮食；节食vi.节食，进行规定饮食 5. vi.起作用，正常工作，运转n.作用，功能，职能 skip　 slim　 prove　 diet　 function　 6. prep.在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内； 在……里 7. adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 8. n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 9. n.发作；攻击；抨击vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击 10. n.数量 11. n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表 12. adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的 13. n.阴影，影子，昏暗处，阴暗处 14. n.内容；目录 within　 rather　 memory　 attack　 amount　 schedule　 negative　 shadow　 content　 二、拓展词汇 1. adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就→ ⁠ adj.立即的；当前的；紧接的 2. vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 → adj.集中的；浓缩的→ n.关 注；专注；浓度 3. adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行 为方式等)→ adv.极其，非常，极端 immediately　 immediate　 concentrate　 concentrated　 concentration　 extreme　 extremely　 4. n.效果，作用；影响→ adj.有效的；生效 的→ adv.有效地；实际上 5. adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→ n.精力； 能，能量；能源 6. adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→ adj. 引起恐惧的→ vt.使惊吓→ n.惊吓；使人惊吓 的经历 effect　 effective　 effectively　 energetic　 energy　 frightened　 frightening　 frighten　 fright　 7. n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促→ ⁠ vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n.报章杂志，报刊；( ⁠ )新闻工作者，新闻界 8. n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→ vt.记 住→ adj.难忘的，值得纪念的→ adj.记 忆的；纪念的；追悼的 n.纪念物；纪念碑 9. n.发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击 → n.攻击者，进攻者 pressure　 press　 the press　 memory　 memorize　 memorable　 memorial　 attack　 attacker　 10. adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的 → adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的 11. n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理→ v.对待；治 疗；处理；请客，招待 n.款待；乐趣 12. n.增加，添加；加法→ adj.附加的， 额外的→ v.增加，添加；相加；补充说 13. adj.男性的；雄性的 n.男性，雄性→ adj.女 性的；雌性的 n.女性，雌性 negative　 positive　 treatment　 treat　 addition　 additional　 add　 male　 female　 14. n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→ adj. 美丽的，漂亮的→ adv.美好地，漂亮地 15. n.时尚，时兴；流行款式→ adj.时兴 的，流行的 16. adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 → adj.内部的，里面的 17. n.优势；力气，力量；实力→ vt.& vi. 加强，增强→ adj.强壮的；强大的 beauty　 beautiful　 beautifully　 fashion　 fashionable　 external　 internal　 strength　 strengthen　 strong　 18. n.天资，天赋；人才，天才→ adj.有 才能的 19. n.钢琴→ n.钢琴家 20. n.个性，个人特征→ adj.单独 的，个别的 n.个人 21. n.成就，成绩；达到，完成→ vt.达 到，完成 vi.成功 talent　 talented　 piano　 pianist　 individuality　 individual　 achievement　 achieve　 Ⅱ.语块默写 1. 昏迷，失去知觉 2. 变苗条，减肥 3. 副作用 4. 摄入，吸收 5. 强身健体 6. 促成，造成 7. 从短期/长期看 8. 此外 pass out　 slim down　 side effect　 take in　 get into shape　 contribute to　 in the short/long term　 in addition　 9. 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 10. 防范，防止，提防 11. 打一场无望取胜的仗 12. 达到，符合，不辜负 13. 最终成为，最终处于 14. 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 15. 为……自豪，为……骄傲 hang over　 guard against　 fight a losing battle　 live up to　 end up　 show off　 take pride in　 Ⅲ.课文佳句 1. where引导定语从句 In a society ⁠， teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. 在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快 速减肥。 where being thin is often seen as being beautiful　 2. It＋be＋adj.＋that... However，for those who are dangerously overweight， ⁠ ⁠. 然而，对于那些超重达到危险程度的人来说，努力以适当方式减肥 是很重要的。 it is very important that they try to lose weight properly　 3. 动名词短语作主语 We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips， because ⁠ is the safest and most effective way to get into shape. 我们强烈建议所有青少年遵循这些生活方式的提示，因为好好生活 就是强身健体最安全、最有效的方式。 living well　 4. the way作先行词的定语从句 Your friends also influence ⁠ ⁠. 你的朋友也影响你看待自己外表的方式。 5. It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and ⁠ ⁠ they should be worried. 青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。 the way you view your physical appearance　 there is no reason why　 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.词性转换 1. (2023·全国甲卷)In the Digital Age，we’re used to having what we need (immediate)and right at our fingertips. 2. (2023·全国甲卷)Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly (effect) at getting grizzlies away. immediately　 effective　 3. (2023·全国乙卷)Writing is one of humanity’s later (achieve)，and until fairly recently even many literate societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. 4. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) (add)，from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class. 5. (2023·全国甲卷)The menu in this (beauty)colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods. achievements　 Additionally　 beautiful　 6. (外研B1U1)Challenges like this might sometimes put you under (press). 7. (外研B1U1)I had a chemistry test right at the end of the first week.I was (frighten) at the sight of the test paper. 8. (外研B5U1)In the course of this life，I have had a great many encounters with a great many people who have been ⁠ (concern) with matters of consequence. pressure　 frightened　 concerned　 9. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is (extreme) important for human well-being. extremely　 Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. The more fat you (摄入) before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night. 2. Twenty-four dancers aged between 11 and 18 (展示) their skills in street dancing for you. 3. While studying，concentrate your mind on what is really important， or you will (结果什么也记不住). take in　 show off　 end up remembering nothing　 4. This year I made a decision to lose weight and finally ⁠ (强身健体). 5. I was having breakfast this morning when a wave of nausea (恶心) came over me.And then I (昏倒). 6. In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful， teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to (减肥) quickly. 7. Mike often plays basketball with his friends in his spare time. ⁠ (此外)，he takes part in voluntary activities. got into shape　 passed out　 slim down　 In addition　 8. I often chat with some English net friends in my spare time， which (有助于我的英语口语). 9. The Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team sets good examples to us.Everyone should (为他们感到自豪). 10. Though many critics refer to the newly-opened restaurant as a must to go，I think its service fails to (不负盛名). contributes to my spoken English　 take pride in them　 live up to its reputation　 Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. 阅读小说时，一定要考虑小说创作的政治和文化背景。(where引 导定语从句) When reading a novel，be sure to consider the political and cultural context ⁠ where the novel is created.　 2. 首先，我们通常用右手拿筷子，这样更方便拿起食物。(it作形式 主语，非限制性定语从句) To begin with， ⁠ we hold the chopsticks in the right hand，which is more convenient to pick up the food. it is common that　 3. 与家人和朋友分离，虽然可能会引起短期的不适，但并不像看起 来那么痛苦。(动名词短语作主语) ，though it may cause short-term discomfort，doesn’t have to be as painful as it seems. Being separated from your family and friends　 4. 也许在龙吉梯田，最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处的方式。(the way作先行词的定语从句) Perhaps in the Longji Rice terraces that is most significant is ⁠ ⁠. 5. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能给我们提供新鲜空气。(the reason why...is that...) ⁠ is that they can provide us with fresh air. the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature　 The reason why we have to plant trees　 核心考点　互动探究 ①It was up to him to concentrate ⁠ his studies and make something of himself. ②If you apply yourself the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it. ③Nothing is difficult if you put your heart ⁠ it. on　 to　 into　 1. concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 ④你若集中精力学习英语，你会掌握这门语言的。(建议信) focus/fix one’s attention on，put one’s mind to，put one’s heart into， be absorbed in，be lost in，apply oneself/one’s mind to →If you English，you will master the language.(concentrate) → ⁠ English will enable you to master the language.(动名词短语作主语) concentrate your mind/attention/yourself on　 Concentrating your mind/attention/yourself on　 (1)concentrate (one’s mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on集中注意力/精 力于；专注于 (2)下列短语均表示“专心，集中于”： focus/fix one’s attention on，put one’s mind to，put one’s heart into，be absorbed in，be lost in，apply oneself/one’s mind to 2. effect n.效果；作用；影响(influence) ①I wonder if the drug has an effect people’s health. ②People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more (effect). ③My parents’ divorce (对我有很大的影响). ④The regulations (开始生效) days after last month’s incidents. on　 effectively　 had a big effect on me　 came into effect　 (1)have an effect/influence on/upon对……产生影响 come/go into effect开始生效 bring/carry/put...into effect实施；使……生效/起作用 side effect副作用 (2)effective adj.有效的；有影响的 effectively adv.有效地，实际上 affect vt.影响(＝have an effect on) 3. prove vt.证明；证实 v.证明是；后来被发现是(turn out) ①They put me in prison，but，in the end，I was proved ⁠ (innocence). ②Sarah wants to prove that she (have) brains as well as beauty. ③It (prove) that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life up to now. innocent　 has　 has been proved　 ⁠ When I first started this job，I felt I had to prove myself.　 ④我刚开始做这份工作时，觉得必须证明自己的实力。(心理描写) prove sth.to sb.向某人证明某事 prove sb./sth.(to be)＋adj./n.证明某人/某事…… prove that/wh-从句　证明…… It is proved that...据证实…… prove oneself (to sb.) (向某人)证明自己 4. contribute vt.& vi.捐赠，捐献，捐助(join with others in giving money/help)；贡献；导致；投稿；是……的原因之一； 增加；添加 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute ⁠ some of these qualities. ②把这些事情做好有助于增强我们的自信心，并帮助我们迎接未来 更大的挑战。 Doing these matters well ⁠ and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future. to　 contributes to building up our confidence　 ③如果你想给我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章寄给我。 ⁠ ⁠  　If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.　 (1)contribute sth.to...把……捐献给…… contribute to促成；造成；向……投稿 (2)contributor n.捐款人；做出贡献的人 (3)contribution n.捐献；贡献；稿件 make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献 5. treat vt.& vi.治疗(try to cure medically)；对待；款待n.招待；款 待(sth.considered a choice to eat) ①(2021·全国乙卷)I respect my mother so much as she never treats me a child，but as an equal. ②She was always treating him ⁠ ice cream. ③The woman injured in the car crash is still ⁠ treatment in hospital. as　 to　 under　 ④If he is treated in a proper way，he will be saved. → ，he will be saved.(条件状语从句的 省略) → ，he will be saved.(过去分词短 语作状语) ⑤年轻人应该尊敬老年人。 ⁠ If treated in a proper way　 Treated in a proper way　 Young people should always treat the elders with respect.　 (1)treat sb.to sth.用……款待某人 treat sb.for sth.为某人治疗…… treat sb.with respect对某人尊敬 it’s my treat我请客 (2)treatment n.治疗；对待；处理 under treatment正在治疗中 6. addition n.增加，添加；加法 ①The money he spent within a month added to more than 1， 000 dollars. ②As is known to all，good friends add happiness and value ⁠ life. ③此外，在中国，老年人通常最先品尝端上桌的食物，因为他们是 很受人尊敬的。 ⁠ ⁠ up　 to　  　In addition，the elderly are usually the first to taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China.　 (1)in addition此外 in addition to除……之外 (2)add vt.& vi.增加；添加；相加，补充说 add sth.to sth.把……加到/进……里 add up to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态) add to增加；增添 add up合计；把……加起来 7. strength n.优势；强项；力气，力量；实力 ①Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength ⁠ (do) the most difficult things in my life. ②Angrily，he pulled the wire fence with all his (strong). to do　 strength　 ③为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如：打篮球、 乒乓球等。 ⁠ ⁠  　To build up our strength，we often hold all kinds of activities，such as playing basketball and table tennis.　 (1)build up one’s strength/body强身健体 strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点 The strength of...is that...……的优点是…… (2)strengthen vt.& vi.加强；巩固 8. frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 ①It was a (frighten) disease and many people lost their lives. ②The little girl felt (frighten) when she was left alone at home in the evening. ③The bird came to the window，but I moved suddenly and frightened it ⁠. ④News of the robberies frightened many people ⁠ fitting new locks to their doors. frightening　 frightened　 away/off　 into　 ⑤The snake picked up its head and stuck out its tongue，which gave everyone a (frighten). ⑥她虽然非常害怕，但依然保持镇静。(用省略的状语从句) ，she remained quite calm. fright　 Though badly frightened　 (1)be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do 害怕做…… be frightened to death被吓死 (2)frightening adj.引起恐惧的 (3)frighten vt.使惊吓；使惊恐 frighten sb.into (doing) sth.把某人吓得做某事 frighten...away/off把……吓走(或吓跑) (4)fright n.惊吓；恐怖 cry out in fright吓得大声叫喊 shake with fright吓得发抖 9. live up to达到，符合，不辜负 ①I had to live ⁠ bread and water when I was a student. ②I just had to learn to live ⁠ the pain. ③The players failed to live up to their coach’s ⁠ (expect) of them. ④毫无疑问，他忠实地履行了他的诺言。 ⁠ on　 with　 expectations　 There is no doubt that he faithfully lived up to his promise.　 (1)live up to one’s promise 履行某人的诺言 live up to one’s expectations不辜负某人的期望 (2)live through经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存 live with忍受，容忍；与……住在一起 live on继续存在；靠……生活 10. end up最终成为，最终处于 ①Anderson was born into a poor family，but ended up ⁠ one of the greatest writers of his time. ②The lecture ended up ⁠ a poem of an ancient Chinese poet. ③If we neglect our future，we’ll end up ⁠ failure. ④Both husband and wife had to work to make (end) meet. ⑤如果你继续这样玩火，最终你会被燃烧。 If you keep on playing with fire like this，you will ⁠ ⁠. as　 with　 in　 ends　 end up getting burned　 (1)end (up) in failure/success/a tie以失败/成功/平局结束 end (up) with a song用一首歌结束 end up as a team leader最终成为一名团队领导 end up lying in hospital最终躺在医院里 end up being killed in the war最终在战争中阵亡了 (2)come to an end结束 put/bring an end to使……结束 in the end最后，终于 on end 竖着；连续地 make (both) ends meet使收支相抵；量入为出 11. [教材原句]　It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.青少年有轻微的 超重是正常的，他们没有理由感到忧心忡忡。 ①Is this the reason ⁠ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？ ②The reason Tom looks angry is ⁠ he has quarreled with his sister. ③He wasn’t admitted into a key university because his grades were too low. → he wasn’t admitted into a key university ⁠ ⁠ his grades were too low. that/which　 why　 that　 The reason why　 was that　 (1)在“reason(s) why”结构中，why等于for which，引导定语从 句，修饰先行词reason。 (2)reason后也可以接that或which引导的定语从句，that在从句中作 主语、宾语或表语。 (3)reason后也可接that引导的同位语从句，说明reason的内容。 (4)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(用that引导表语从 句，而不用because)。 跟踪检测　运用提升 层级一 核心知识精准练 过基础 维度1　单句语法填空 1. (2023·浙江1月卷)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute ⁠ the agricultural economy. 2. (人教B7U1)Tomorrow night came，then (skip) to day，again and again，faster and faster still. 3. (外研B4U1)While the doctor concentrates on ⁠ (examine) Lara’s ankle，I get her attention by doing a magic trick. to　 skipped　 examining　 4. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) I would like to express my (concern) regarding your plan to randomly divide students into pairs for post-class oral practice. 5. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Besides，working in the garden seems to have calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students， many of whom have emotional control issues. 6. (外研B7U1) Although they shared the same ambitious and (energy)approach to life，their careers unfolded in contrasting ways. concerns　 a　 energetic　 7. (人教B1U3) There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup，and the wrappers are pressed to be lifted hand rather ⁠ rolled. 8. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods ⁠ fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. 9. (2023·北京卷)Rankings，however，are only one reason ⁠ a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. 10. (2023·浙江1月卷) ⁠ was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. than　 where　 why　 It　 维度2　熟词生义 A. adv.相当；颇　B. adv.相反地；反而 C. adv.更确切地说 1. rather (1)He worked till late last night，or rather，early this morning. ⁠ C　 (2)It was a nice house，but rather too small for a family of five. ⁠ (3)Online voting sometimes does not depend on the strong points of the competitors，but rather on how many social networking resources they have. ⁠ A. adv.相当；颇　B. adv.相反地；反而 C. adv.更确切地说 A　 B　 2. content A. adj.满足的，满意的　B. vt.使满足，使满意 C. n.(pl.)容纳的东西　D. n.(pl.)目录 (1)We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. ⁠ (2)I am content with second place，because I know that I have tried my best. ⁠ B　 A　 (3)She dropped her handbag and the contents fell out on the ground. ⁠ (4)It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it. ⁠ A. adj.满足的，满意的　B. vt.使满足，使满意 C. n.(pl.)容纳的东西　D. n.(pl.)目录 C　 D　 3. I’d better skip the party and stay at home to revise. ⁠ 4. As is known to all，political power depends upon economical strength. ⁠ vt.不参加　 n.实力　 维度3　完成句子/一句多译/句式升级 1. 在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对 自己的生活感到更加满足。 He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could ⁠ their lives. feel more content with　 2. 她一回到美国就成功地创立了美国红十字会。 ① the United States，she successfully founded the American Red Cross. ② the United States，she successfully founded the American Red Cross. ③ ⁠ the United States，she successfully founded the American Red Cross. ④ the United States， she successfully founded the American Red Cross. Upon her return to　 Upon returning to　 Immediately/Directly/Instantly she returned to　 The moment/minute/instant she returned to　 3. 他集中注意力于弹钢琴，没有注意到我进来。 ① playing the piano，he didn’t notice me come in.(现在分词短语作状语) ② playing the piano，he didn’t notice me come in.(with复合结构) Concentrating his attention on　 With his attention concentrated on　 4. 我非常害怕，以至于我闭上眼睛，像一颗子弹一样拼命地向那个 家伙扑去。(动作描写) ① ，so I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet. ② ⁠ and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet.(so...that...) ③ ⁠ and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet.(倒装句) I was very frightened　 I was so frightened that I closed my eyes　 So frightened was I that I closed my eyes　 5. Li Bai，a great poet，wrote a great many excellent poems and all of them have a great effect on Chinese culture. →Li Bai，a great poet，wrote a great many excellent poems， ⁠ .(定语从句；affect) all of which affect Chinese culture greatly　 层级二 必备素养提升练 提能力 提能1　应用文写作 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确 形式完成下面的语篇。 ① ⁠ (许多学生养成熬夜的习惯有各种各样 的原因；there be；定语从句).Actually，staying up late is a bad habit，which will ② (对我们的健康 有很坏的影响). There are various reasons why many students have got into the habit of staying up late　 have bad effects on our health　 The Harmful Effects of Staying Up Late ③ ，it will not only lead to a lack of energy and being tired easily but it may cause us to suffer from headaches and be unable to concentrate on our lessons.④ ，long-term staying up late will ⑤ (减弱我们的记忆力)， and do harm to eyesight as well as liver.Also those who ⑥ ⁠ (习惯于熬夜) are more likely to get other diseases. To begin with　 In addition　 weaken our memory　 are accustomed to staying up late　 ⑦ ，⑧ ⁠ (是我们采用健康的生活方式的时候了；虚拟语气) and gave up/quit the bad habit of staying up late. Therefore　 it is high time that we adopted a healthy lifestyle　 情感描写 concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的 frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的 hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生 negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 动作描写 concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 contribute to促成，造成 attack vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击 show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 环境描写 campus n.(大学、学院的)校园，校区 shadow n.阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答 案并背诵该语段。 玛丽正在校园里散步，这时她看到一群女孩在炫耀她们时髦的 衣服。消极的想法立刻笼罩在她的心头。她感到担心、失望和沮 丧。注意力集中在这些事情上，她没有注意到一条蛇来攻击她。她 非常害怕，以至于差点摔倒在地。幸运的是，她最好的朋友及时赶 到，救了她。 Mary was walking on campus when ⁠ their fashionable clothes. ⁠ .She ，disappointed and depressed.Her attention ，she didn’t notice a snake coming to attack her. ⁠ that she nearly fell down to the ground.Fortunately，her best friend came to her in time and saved her. she saw a crowd of girls showing off　 Negative thoughts hung over her immediately　 was concerned　 concentrated on those things　 So frightened was she　 课时作业　巩固提升 主题语篇素养强化 40分钟 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·湖南永州统考)Although most diets vary according to what foods you can eat，they all follow the same principle of restriction to lose weight—you need to eat less.The now-trendy diet of intuitive eating is，in a sense，an anti-diet：followers are encouraged to base what they eat on how they feel，not on prescribed limits or calorie counts. The concept was first proposed in the mid-90s by registered dietitians Elyse Resch and Evelyn Tribole，who wrote Intuitive Eating.The first step is to reject the idea that you need to be on a diet to be healthy.You’re encouraged to also give yourself “permission” to eat all foods，to reject the idea of “good” and “bad” foods and to accept your natural body shape.Finally，you help make your body healthier by adding exercise，finding better ways than food to relieve your emotions and slowly shifting to more nutritious food choices. One of the biggest misunderstandings around intuitive eating is that nutrition goes out the window.Curiously，research shows that in a traditional diet，caloric restriction is usually followed by a binge (放 纵)，where the body’s primary drive to make sure it gets enough calories is more important than any desires for nutrition or moderation (自我节制)，which leads to disordered eating patterns.However， because intuitive eating allows all foods on the table，practitioners can make small，slow changes that ultimately are more long-lasting-toward eating more nutritionally. There isn’t strong research to back up claims that intuitive eating helps with losing weight or eating more-nutritious food.However，in Keller’s experience，a registered dietitian in Calgary，intuitive eating can help with overall weight maintenance.In addition，intuitive eaters do gain a healthier attitude toward food，compared to traditional dieters.Keller says，“When people decide to diet，what they actually want is to feel comfortable and confident and healthy in their own body.People have to be ready to overcome their constant desire to lose weight and control their body，and to realize that changing how they look on the outside isn’t going to change those things on the inside.” 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——身体健康——如何变得更健康 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提到相对于传统 饮食中认为节食可以增加健康，而直觉性饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝 “好”和“坏”食物的想法。通过更多的锻炼，进而变得更健康。 1. What do we know about intuitive eating？ A. It helps followers to lose weight by eating less. B. It prohibits followers from eating what they like. C. It encourages eaters to be on a diet to be healthy. D. It advises eaters to be healthier by exercising more. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句，第二段第二句，第三句，第 四句可知，直觉饮食鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想 法，并接受你自然的身体形状，根据自己的感觉来决定吃什 么，同时通过增加锻炼，进而慢慢地转向更有营养的食物选 择，让自己变得更健康。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2. What does the underlined phrase “goes out the window” mean in the third paragraph？ A. Exports. B. Disappears. C. Destroys. D. Distributes. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后句中“Curiously，research shows...disordered eating patterns.”可知，在传统饮食中，热 量限制会使得身体对获得足够热量的渴望超过任何对营养的渴 望，最终导致饮食模式紊乱。可推知，对于直觉性饮食而言， 其鼓励饮食者拒绝“好”和“坏”食物的想法使得人们误解其 可能会使得饮食中的营养缺失，所以画线词和选项B“disappear”的含义“消失”相一致。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3. What is the Keller’s attitude to intuitive eating？ A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句，第三句可知，Keller认为直觉 性饮食可以帮助维持整体体重，且直觉性饮食者对食物的态度更加 健康。由此推知，对于直觉饮食他是赞同的。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ A. Does Intuitive Eating Beat a Conventional Diet？ B. How Does Intuitive Eating work？ C. Will Intuitive Eating Help Lose More Weight？ D. Should We Bother to Lose Weight？ 答案：A 标题归纳题。通读全文主要讲述针对直觉性饮食方法的讨论，所以 文章的标题可以为“直觉性饮食是否胜过传统饮食？”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B (2023·北京卷)In recent years，researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies.The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world’s most serious problems： climate change，biodiversity collapse，and more.The historian Francis Cole argues that the West has entered a period where “only the present exists，a present characterised at once by the cruelty of the instant and by the boredom of an unending now”. It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向) towards the present，focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health，well-being and financial stability of their future selves or community.In business，this bias surfaces as short-sighted decisions.And on slow-burning problems like climate change，it translates into the unwillingness to make small sacrifices (牺牲) today that could make a major difference tomorrow.Instead，all that matters is next quarter’s profit，or satisfying some other near-term desires. These biased perspectives cannot be blamed on one single cause.It is fair to say，though，that our psychological biases play a major role.People’s hesitancy to delay satisfaction is the most obvious example，but there are others.One of them is about how the most accessible information in the present affects decisions about the future.For instance，you might hear someone say：“It’s cold this winter，so I needn’t worry about global warming.”Another is that loud and urgent matters are given too much importance，making people ignore longer-term trends that arguably matter more.This is when a pop star draws far more attention than，say，gradual biodiversity decline. As a psychologist once joked，if aliens (外星人) wanted to weaken humanity，they wouldn’t send ships； they would invent climate change.Indeed，when it comes to environmental transformations，we can develop a form of collective “poor memory”，and each new generation can believe the state of affairs they encounter is nothing out of the ordinary.Older people today，for example，can remember a time with insect-covered car windscreens after long drives.Children，on the other hand，have no idea that insect population has dropped dramatically. 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——身体健康——短期主义 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。近年来，来自不同领 域的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重 大问题。事实证明，人们对现在有偏见，以牺牲健康为代价， 专注于当下有吸引力的事物，而牺牲了未来自己或社区的健 康、幸福和财务稳定。 5. The author quotes Francis Cole mainly to  　　　　. A. draw a comparison B. introduce a topic C. evaluate a statement D. highlight a problem 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。第一段第一句提出一个问题——短期主义，接着 下文引用历史学家Francis Cole的话来强调只注重现在的这种短 期主义的危害。由此可推知，文章引用Francis Cole的话是为了 强调一个问题。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ A. Climate change has been forgotten. B. Lessons of history are highly valued. C. The human mind is bad at noting slow change. D. Humans are unwilling to admit their shortcomings. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句和第二句可知，一位心理学家曾 经开玩笑说，如果外星人想要削弱人类，他们会发明气候变化，通 过这种方式来削弱人类，因为人们对于气候变化形成一种集体的 “记忆不良”，认为他们所遇到的情况没什么异常的。由此可推 知，人们不擅长察觉出缓慢的变化。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7. What does the author intend to tell us？ A. Far-sighted thinking matters to humans. B. Humans tend to make long-term sacrifices. C. Current policies facilitate future decision-making. D. Bias towards the present helps reduce near-term desires. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了短视决策的危害，呼 吁我们要做出有远见的思考。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是告诉 我们有远见的思考对人类的重要性。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——学校生活——练习写作建议 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是几种练 习写作的建议，帮助读者写出好文章。 (2023·湖南炎德名校月考)Writing is enjoyable and rewarding and it can be a hobby，a field of study，and even a career.  　1　 All it takes is a little creativity，some strong ideas，a command of your written language，and an understanding of how literature is typically structured.Follow the tips below，and soon you’ll be ready to put your work out there for the world to see. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Good writers are actually good readers. B. No doubt anyone can be a creative writer. C. They can help you better express yourself. D. So always pay close attention to current events. E. As you know，writing is different from reading. F. You can use them as a place to gather your thoughts. G. Taking on new challenges is vital for improvement in any field. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 根据空后的“All it takes...typically structured.”讲述的是它所需要的 是什么，其中的代词it指代的应为空处的内容，B项讲述的是每个 人都可以成为有创造力的作家，可以是空后的it指代的内容，同时 B项中的creative与空后的creativity为解题的关键信息。 1 2 3 4 5 　2　 Reading helps you develop a firm grasp on how stories are structured.When you read a book，you should split your attention between the actual events in the book and the way the author composed that piece of literature.By reading，you’re also studying how published authors use language in creative and inspiring ways and how a skilled writer handles a certain subject. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Good writers are actually good readers. B. No doubt anyone can be a creative writer. C. They can help you better express yourself. D. So always pay close attention to current events. E. As you know，writing is different from reading. F. You can use them as a place to gather your thoughts. G. Taking on new challenges is vital for improvement in any field. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 根据上一段中的最后一句可知，此空处应为写作的建议之一，结合 空后的内容可知，此处讲述的是阅读对写作的好处，所以该建议应 与阅读相关，A项与本段讲述的内容一致，且可以概括本段主题。 1 2 3 4 5 Journals are a writer’s best friend.  　3　 When you’re out in a bar，or riding public transportation，you will witness all kinds of fascinating displays of humanity.If you keep a detailed journal，it’s much easier to jump into writing during your writing time.You’ll have ideas，conversations you’ve overheard，or thoughts that struck you， and you may be able to turn those items into stories or poems. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Good writers are actually good readers. B. No doubt anyone can be a creative writer. C. They can help you better express yourself. D. So always pay close attention to current events. E. As you know，writing is different from reading. F. You can use them as a place to gather your thoughts. G. Taking on new challenges is vital for improvement in any field. 答案：F 1 2 3 4 5 根据本段的主题句“Journals are a writer’s best friend.”可知，本段 给写作的建议是写日记，F项中的them为解题的关键信息，指代的 为名词复数，与journals内容一致，也就是日记成为你收集想法的 地方。 1 2 3 4 5 If readers recognize the connection between your story and something from everyday life，they will be more likely to appreciate your story.  　4　 Newspapers，news magazines，or news websites can provide you with a steady stream of story ideas in the form of news events. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Good writers are actually good readers. B. No doubt anyone can be a creative writer. C. They can help you better express yourself. D. So always pay close attention to current events. E. As you know，writing is different from reading. F. You can use them as a place to gather your thoughts. G. Taking on new challenges is vital for improvement in any field. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前的主题句“If readers recognize...appreciate your story.”可 知，如果写作的内容与日常生活有关系，读者将更可能欣赏你的故 事，结合下文中的“Newspapers，news magazines，...form of news events.”可知，新闻报纸中的很多新闻事件可以成为你写故事的灵 感。由此可知，此空处应为过渡句，D项讲述的内容与空前的内容 为因果关系，且current events与空后的news events内容相关。 1 2 3 4 5 If you’ve been writing for a while，chances are good that you keep getting drawn back to a particular style or topic.Practicing a favorite type of writing is a great way to keep yourself motivated，but make an effort to vary your writing exercises once in a while.If your writing projects all sound similar，try a different style，or think of a topic that could never fit into your usual writing project.  　5　   1 2 3 4 5 A. Good writers are actually good readers. B. No doubt anyone can be a creative writer. C. They can help you better express yourself. D. So always pay close attention to current events. E. As you know，writing is different from reading. F. You can use them as a place to gather your thoughts. G. Taking on new challenges is vital for improvement in any field. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前的“If your writing...usual writing project.”可知，此处建 议尝试不同的风格，后者考虑写一个不是通常的写作主题，G项中 的new challenges与空前的“try a different style”以及“a topic that could never fit into your usual writing project”内容一致。 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2024·湖北六校联考)My baby son was in the hospital，connected to a NG tube (鼻饲管). I just couldn’t stand the 　1　 sight of food being slowly pushed through his nose into his stomach.The lovely dreams I had of nursing my baby，and rocking him while he fed，were  　2　 .On the fifth day，I  　3　，saying I wanted to feed him with a bottle.The doctors  　4　 and closely recorded my son’s feeding to see if he was able to get  　5　 milk intake without the tube.18 hours later，the doctors commanded the tube to be reset immediately. The next morning，when I saw the tube in his tiny nose，a 　6　  that he wasn’t improving，I  　7　.The situation felt so  　8　.Seated close to my son’s bed，I started crying desperately. Then came a young nurse.I couldn’t help asking again if we could take the tube out，though fully aware that she could not overrule the doctor’s  　9　. She 　10　，“Not today.But remember，tomorrow is a new day.” She’s 　11　.Today，there may be heartache，but tomorrow has its own  　12　 that NG tubes cannot touch.The advice of this nurse completely changed my  　13　 away from focusing on the challenges to seeing the promises tomorrow might bring. On day ten，the doctors approved 　14　 the NG tube completely.  　15　，“tomorrow” came. 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——身体健康——明天又是新的一天 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的孩子 在医院插着鼻饲管时，作者非常绝望。但是一个护士告诉她“明天 是新的一天”，这给了她极大的希望，并最终坚持到孩子康复的那 一天。 1. A. familiar B. boring C. pitiful D. strange 答案：C 根据上下文中描述的鼻饲的情境可知，自己的孩子在承受痛苦，作 为妈妈，面对这种可怜的情景，于心不忍。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. A. ruined B. achieved C. forgotten D. valued 答案：A 根据上文中描述的鼻饲的情境可知，“我”抱着孩子，喂孩子吃奶 的梦想被毁灭了。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. A. warned B. protested C. doubted D. regretted 答案：B 根据下文可知，“我”提出了抗议，想要用奶瓶来喂孩子。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4. A. objected B. declined C. hesitated D. agreed 答案：D 根据下文可知，医生最初同意了“我”的请求。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. A. sufficient B. temporary C. average D. impressive 答案：A 根据下文“18 hours later，...be reset immediately.”可知，医生将鼻 饲管重新插入，应是因为作者的用奶瓶喂奶的计划并不成功，孩子 无法摄取足够的牛奶。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. A. sign B. target C. gesture D. criterion 答案：A 根据上文“I saw the tube reset in his tiny nose”可推知，孩子没有好 转的迹象。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. A. stepped away B. broke down C. set off D. showed up 答案：B 根据下文“I started crying desperately”可知，看到这种情况， “我”崩溃了。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8. A. promising B. special C. dark D. similar 答案：C 根据上文“he wasn’t improving”可推知，孩子没有好转的迹象， 这是一个没有希望的状态。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. A. comments B. rules C. orders D. theories 答案：C 根据上文“the doctors commanded the tube to be reset immediately” 可知，重新插管是医生的命令，护士不能推翻。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. A. nodded B. requested C. withdrew D. replied 答案：D 分析语境可知，下文“Not today.But remember，tomorrow is a new day.”是护士对前文“I couldn’t help asking again”的回答。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. A. cheerful B. emotional C. humble D. right 答案：D 根据下文“The advice of...tomorrow might bring.”可知，护士的回 答改变了作者的看法。由此推知，作者认为她说的是对的。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12. A. choice B. hope C. pain D. content 答案：B 根据下文“from focusing the challenges to seeing the promises tomorrow might bring”可知，“我”认为今天可能会有心碎，但是 明天是有希望的，有鼻饲管触碰不到的希望。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. A. viewpoint B. memory C. judgement D. standard 答案：A 根据上文“Today，there may...tubes cannot touch.”可知，护士的建 议改变了作者的观点。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. A. replacing B. removing C. fixing D. adjusting 答案：B 根据下文“‘tomorrow’ came”可推知，医生同意移除鼻饲管。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. A. Normally B. Initially C. Eventually D. Gradually 答案：C 根据上文“On day ten，...tube completely.”可知，历经折磨后，终 于“明天”来了。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅳ.语法填空 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——食物——中国传统草药中的枸杞 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统 草药中的枸杞。 (2023·湖南长沙一中二模)Herbal medicine is an important part of Chinese culture and the practice of traditional Chinese medicine.The emperor Shen Nong is said to have tasted 100 herbs，1. 　　　　   allowed him to teach the Chinese people how to use them in their diet and 2. 　　　　 (treat) for illness.These herbs help the body to stay in balance and goji berries are one of 3. 　　　　 (they). 2. 考查名词。and并列两个名词，此处应填名词treatment(s)，意思 是“治疗”，可以用单数名词或复数名词。 答案：treatment/treatments 3. 考查代词。介词后用宾语，they的宾语是them。 答案：them 1. 考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话 的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 答案：which Since 200 B. C. ，goji berries 4. 　　　　 (use) in traditional Chinese medicine.In China，goji berries are known 5. 　　　　   “wolfberry fruits”，and they were once mentioned in the 6. 　　　　   (old) book of Chinese herbs in existence，Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing.They are also known to act 7. 　　　　 (positive) on the organs because of the detoxifying (解毒) properties，thus 8. 　　　　   (contribute) to our qi and energy. 4. 考查动词的时态和语态。根据Since 200 B. C. 可知，此处需用现 在完成时，主语goji berries和use是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被 动语态，主语是复数，助动词使用have。 答案：have been used 5. 考查介词。be known as“以……为人所知”。 答案：as 6. 考查形容词最高级。定冠词加形容词的最高级oldest。 答案：oldest 7. 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词短语act on，应用副词positively， 作状语。 答案：positively 8. 考查非谓语动词。此处应用现在分词做结果状语，表示主动。 答案：contributing Goji berries are 9. 　　　　 excellent source of antioxidants (抗氧 化剂)，amino acids and 20 other trace minerals.The list of goji berry benefits is long，including its ability to promote healthy skin，protect eye health，adjust blood sugar levels and fight cancer. 9. 考查冠词。枸杞是一种(an)很好的抗氧化成分来源，名词前用冠 词，excellent是元音音素开头的单词，前面用an。 答案：an In China，goji berries are commonly cooked and added to recipes like porridge，soups and dishes 10. 　　　　 (make) with chicken， pork or vegetables.They are also used to make various teas，juices and wines. 10. 考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词是are cooked and added，此处 made with chicken用作定语，修饰前面的recipes like porridge，soups and dishes，表示被动，用过去分词。 答案：made 阅读语篇专练提升 30分钟 (2023·广东佛山四校联考) A BEST BODY FITNESS About us You don’t want just a gym membership. You want a membership that means something. And that means you need support， expert help and a community. Best Body Fitness isn’t just a gym：it’s full-service fitness membership made for you. Here’s how it works： STEP ONE：Your assessment We begin with an assessment session. This is a chance for you to see what we do at Best Body. Our assessment plans are no-cost and no- risk. We’ll also make a training plan specifically for you. STEP TWO： Your training When you decide to become a Best Body member， we show you what to do， how to do it and why you are doing it. After a few sessions with an expert private trainer you will feel comfortable working out on your own. STEP THREE： Your membership Membership works on a month-to-month basis. There are no sign- up fees and no cancellation fees. Start and stop whenever you want. And the best part？ Our fees are the most competitive in the whole downtown area. STEP FOUR： Your community At Best Body Fitness， we see everyone as part of a big team. And when you work with a team， you can do great things. Join any of our specialized classes， led by expert trainers. Come to our nutrition classes. Participate in our regular social events. Everything is included in your fee. Finally， we want to share with you some reasons why our members say that they have chosen us over any other fitness centre in the city. It’s so EASY Easy to start， stop， cancel or refund a membership. Easy to access—we’re open 24/7， we never close. Easy results—our trainers and equipment give you success， fast. Come and visit us for a personal tour！ 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了关于健身房会 员资格的一些情况。 1. What can one do in the second step？ A. Have a full assessment. B. Work with a team. C. Learn from the private trainer. D. Make a training plan. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据STEP TWO： Your training部分中“After a few sessions...out on your own.”可知，在第二步中有私教给你上锻炼 课，故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. If you become a member of this gym， you can  　　　　. A. get refund when you cancel your membership B. get expert training but you need to pay extra fee C. go to the gym only from 6：00 a.m. to 10：00 p.m. D. go to the gym only from Monday to Saturday 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据It’s so EASY部分中“Easy to start， stop， cancel or refund a membership.”可知，取消会员时可以得到退 款，故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. What do you think the above text is？ A. A story book. B. A science magazine. C. A TV show. D. An advertisement. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据全文内容特别是第二段“Best Body Fitness...how it works”都在介绍这家健身房会员资格的一些情况，吸引人们去 办会员卡，由此推测，文章是一则广告，故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 B It’s perhaps the world’s most famous underwater attraction that remained in film and in legend： the Titanic. But now experts say the ocean liner， once a wonder of the high seas， is falling to pieces. Capt. Alfred McLaren， the scientist who in July led the most recent expedition to the ship’s underwater grave， said his team saw clear signs of the accelerating damage of the wreck (残骸). There was damage likely caused by rust and sea life， and the captain’s cabin had collapsed. “I was absolutely astonished，” McLaren said. Worse still， the fallen mast (桅杆) that crushed the ship’s deck is believed by many to be the result of an unapproved salvage (打捞) operation. “It was almost depressing to see how quickly she was getting worse，” McLaren says. “I would be really surprised if there’s very much standing up from the bottom， two decades from now.” Ed Kamuda， who runs the Titanic Historical Society in Springfield， Mass.， says adventure tourists—who pay $36，000 each to visit the wreck—are also contributing to the destruction of it. “This is something I expected. I just didn’t expect it to happen so quickly，” Kamuda said. “People are going down just as an ego trip to say ‘I was there.’ All this takes a fare on the ship.” The Titanic has sat at the bottom of the Atlantic since it sank after hitting an iceberg on its maiden voyage on April 14，1912. More than 1，500 people died that night. The ship came to rest at the bottom of the freezing North Atlantic， more than 2 miles beneath the waves. The wreck was discovered in 1985， and since then it has been repeatedly visited by treasure hunters. But still some scientists say those divers， and other thrill seekers are not necessarily to blame for the Titanic’s current problems. Capt. Craig McLean of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration went on an expedition to the Titanic in June as part of a government study that is monitoring the condition of the ship. He says it’s unclear what part of the damage is from Mother Nature and which is from human nature. “It’s too early and there isn’t enough evidence to put our fingers on anything，” McLean said. Regardless， most agree there’s little that can be done for this most famous of wrecks. And soon， the mighty Titanic could well be lost again. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了游客参观 泰坦尼克号水下残骸，导致沉船加速损坏。 4. McLaren expected that in twenty years  　　　　. A. only a minor part of the wreck would remain as it is B. the wreck would be getting worse at a faster speed C. only salvage operation with the purpose of research would be approved D. the wreck would be completely destroyed by unapproved treasure hunters 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I would be...decades from now.”可 知，McLaren预期20年后可能只有一小部分保存下来。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. What is the tourist’s purpose of visiting the wreck， according to Kamuda？ A. To contribute to the breaking down of the Titanic. B. To help finance the preservation of the Titanic. C. To satisfy their curiosity and adventurousness. D. To better understand the history of the Titanic. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第六段中“People are going down just as an ego trip to say ‘I was there.’”可知，游客参观沉船的目的是满足好奇 心和探索欲。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. Craig McLean is one of the scientists who believe  　　　　　. A. visitors should not be prohibited from the Titanic and other famous wrecks B. the influence of the thrill seekers on the wreck will finally be determined C. the government should contribute more to the monitoring of the Titanic D. the damage of the Titanic is not necessarily attributed to the adventure tourists 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“He says it’s...from human nature.”可知，根据Craig McLean的观点，泰坦尼克号的损害并不一定来自 探险游客。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. The author is most likely to agree that the future of the Titanic is  　　　　. A. promising B. discouraging C. controllable D. vague 答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者也认为泰坦尼克号的 未来不可观，令人气馁。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 C In department stores and closets all over the world， they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles， patterns， materials， and colors. But they are eventually the biggest deception (欺骗) that exists in the fashion industry today. What are they？ They are high heels—a woman’s worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High-heeled shoes are the downfall of modern society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or stylish for wearing heels， but in reality， heels succeed in creating short as well as long term troubles. Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering. For the sake of fairness， it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels. First， heels are excellent for aerating lawns (草坪通 气). Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies gets rid of all the need to call for a lawn care specialist， and provides the perfect- sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy blocks of dirt lying around. Second， heels are quite functional for defending against potential enemies， who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp， deadly fashion items. Regardless of such practical uses for heels， the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one’s physical health. Talk to any podiatrist (足病医生)， and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails. The risk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting a heel caught in a narrow sidewalk gap and being thrown to the ground—possibly breaking a nose， back， or neck. And of course， after wearing heels for a day， any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her aching feet. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了高跟鞋为 什么受到女性的欢迎，并分析了高跟鞋的好处和害处，总结出高跟 鞋是女性最大的敌人，因为它对女性的健康有很大的伤害。 8. Women don’t take the disadvantages of high heels too seriously because of  　　　　. A. their attempt to show off their status B. the rich variety of high heel styles C. their wish to improve their appearance D. the multi-functional use of high heels 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fashion myths have...for wearing heels”可知，她们不重视高跟鞋的缺点是由于她们想提升自己的外表。故 选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. What’s the author’s tone in presenting the positive sides of high- heeled shoes？ A. Ironic. B. Favorable. C. Sympathetic. D. Objective. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，作者提出了高跟鞋的两个优 点：给草坪通气和作为武器保护自己。作者是在用一种嘲讽的语气 在调侃。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. The writer uses “those babies” in paragraph 2 to refer to high heels  　　　　. A. to show their fragile characteristic B. to show women’s affection for them C. to emphasize their small size D. to indicate their trendy appearance 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 词义猜测题。第二段中“A simple trip...a lawn care specialist” 作者用调侃的语气指出了，鞋跟非常细，会陷进草坪中，很不 方便，但是女性仍然青睐高跟鞋。由于女性对高跟鞋的青睐， 作者用those babies这种调侃的称呼来指代高跟鞋，因为高跟鞋 穿着难受。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. It can be inferred from the text that women should  　　　　. A. refuse to buy the products of the fashion industry B. go to a podiatrist regularly for advice C. avoid following fashion too closely D. see through the very nature of fashion myths 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But they are...(whether she knows it or not).”可知，文章从开始告诉读者错误的时尚信仰欺骗女性穿高跟 鞋，尽管它很不舒适并影响健康，但女性乐此不疲。作者想建议女 性摆脱这些错误的时尚信仰。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 D Carried by the wind， dust particles (微粒) from places such as the Sahara Desert can float halfway around the world before settling to the ground. As the plastics abandoned by humans break down into tiny pieces in the environment， they， too， travel through the atmosphere. Now scientists are a step closer to understanding how these microplastics travel in the globe—both locally and on long-distance flights. Researchers spent more than a year collecting microplastics from 11 national parks and wilderness areas in the western U. S. They examined the particles that settled on dry days and those that fell along with rain or snow. In addition to making clear how microplastics move around， the results， published on Thursday in Science， reveal the seriousness of the problem： more than 1 million kilograms of microplastics—the weight of 120 million to 300 million plastic water bottles—fall on protected lands in the country’s western region each year. The new findings add to scientists’ concern over microplastic pollution’s potential impacts on the environment and human health. “We’re not supposed to breathe in this material，” says Steve Allen， a microplastics researcher at the University of Strathclyde in Scotland， who was not involved in the new study. Plastics in the environment “carry all sorts of pesticides (农药)， heavy metals and all the other chemicals that we’ve made over time，” he adds. “They’re going to carry them directly into our lungs.” Since their discovery in oceans in the 1970s， microplastics— which can be as large as a grain of rice or smaller than a particle of dust—have been found nearly everywhere researchers have looked： in cities， in Arctic snow， on remote mountaintops. Their presence in areas distant from the place where human live has pointed to them being carried by winds. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。科研人员通过研究发 现，微塑料的传播不局限于本地传播，还可通过空气在全球范 围内传播。 12. What do the scientists further understand now？ A. Why Sahara Desert is expanding to the south of Africa. B. How plastic particles travel on the wind. C. Why it is hard for plastics to break down. D. How dust particles are spreading through the wind. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now scientists are a step closer to understanding how these microplastics travel in the globe—both locally and on long-distance flights.(目前，科学家更进一步地了解到这些微 塑料是如何在全球传播的——既有本地化传播，又有远距离传播)”可知，科学家目前更深入地了解塑料分子是如何在风中传播的。故 选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. What do we know about the new study？ A. The results showed the amount of microplastics is huge. B. Researchers collected microplastics across the U. S. C. Researchers focused on plastic particles in dry days. D. Numerous plastic water bottles were found each year. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In addition to making clear how microplastics move around， the results， published on Thursday in Science， reveal the seriousness of the problem： more than 1 million kilograms of microplastics—the weight of 120 million to 300 million plastic water bottles—fall on protected lands in the country’s western region each year.(周四发表在《科学》杂志上的研究结果除了明确 了微塑料是如何移动的之外，还揭示了问题的严重性：每年有超 过100万公斤的微塑料——相当于1.2亿到3亿个塑料水瓶的重量 ——落在该国西部地区的受保护土地上)”可知，研究结果表明， 微塑料的数量是巨大的。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. What does Steve Allen say about plastics？ A. They should be recycled. B. They do harm to weather. C. They can be used to make all sorts of pesticides. D. They carry harmful chemicals to human lungs. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Plastics in the environment ‘carry all sorts of pesticides， heavy metals and all the other chemicals that we’ve made over time，’ he adds. ‘They’re going to carry them directly into our lungs.’(他补充说，‘环境中的塑料携带着各种农药、重金属和 我们长期制造的所有其他化学物质。它们会把这些物质直接带到我 们的肺部’)”可知，Steve Allen表示空气中的塑料会把有毒气体和 其他毒性物品送入肺中。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. What would be the best title for the text？ A. Dust Particles Is Harmful to Our Lungs B. The Environment Is Threatened by Plastics C. Microplastics Are Falling from the Sky D. Microplastics Do Harm to Health 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了对微塑料在空气中传播的研究成果： 第一段介绍了研究主题，第二段主要介绍了研究的过程和结果，第 三段主要介绍了研究成果在科学界的影响，最后一段则补充介绍了 过去对微塑料的研究发现。故C选项“微塑料正在从天上落下来” 最适合作文章标题。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 写作规范练(一) 40分钟 Ⅰ.应用文写作——通知 (2024·一月九省联考)你校英文报计划举办主题为“携手行动， 节约粮食”的作文比赛。请你写一则活动通知，内容包括： (1)介绍活动目的； (2)说明参赛要求。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ [参考范文] Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition 　　Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition，themed “Hand in Hand，Save the Food”.The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food. 　　All students are encouraged to participate.Entries should consist of an original piece of writing，focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction.Please submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st. 　　We look forward to your participation and creative submissions. Ⅱ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之 构成一篇完整的短文。 (2023·河北石家庄检测)Ollie Simmons was good at maths，but Ruby Riley wasn’t.Well，Ruby didn’t think she was.She sat next to Ollie so she just copied off him.This was the best way she had found to do maths and she didn’t have to think at all. One day the teacher said，“We will be having a maths test after lunch.” Ruby felt there was a moth moving its wings inside her.“Can I copy off you？” she whispered to Ollie.Ollie thought for a minute.“What will you give me？”he whispered back.Ruby showed Ollie a stone she had.It was round and smooth and the colour of the sea.“OK！”he said.“Give me the stone，and then you can copy off me.”Ollie Simmons got one hundred percent in the maths test and so did Ruby.Their names went on the top of the maths champs chart. Every week there was a maths test and every week Ollie Simmons and Ruby Riley got one hundred percent.Ollie had to share the top place with Ruby，but it was worth it.He had a torch，a key chain，a golf ball and a gift box！ One day，there was a maths test again.This time，Ruby picked a watch，thinking everything would go as usual—Ollie would let her copy and they would go on the top of the chart together again.But she was wrong.The headmaster came into Ruby’s class.“I want to see Ollie Simmons，” she said.Ollie was gone for a long time.Then the door opened.It was the headmaster again.“Ruby Riley，” she said， “come with me，please.” Ruby felt like a bird in a cage—there was no way to escape.The headmaster told Ruby that every lunchtime for five weeks she had to do maths.“You have to learn to think for yourself，” she said.“And Ollie has to learn a lesson，too.He’s going to teach you.” 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Ollie was mad at Ruby for getting him into trouble. ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ 　　Ollie proved himself to be a good teacher for Ruby. ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ [参考范文]  　Ollie was mad at Ruby for getting him into trouble.　Hanging her head down，Ruby realized it was her fault that put them into hot water.Ruby turned to Ollie with tears tracing a path on her face and apologized to him，saying，“I am really sorry.” Scratching his head，Ollie felt his cheeks burning with fire and started to comfort Ruby.“It’s time to make up for our faults together.” Ruby wiped her tears and was determined to spare no effort to learn maths with Ollie.  　Ollie proved himself to be a good teacher for Ruby.　Two weeks later，Ruby could do maths after all.Although her name didn’t get on the top of the maths champs chart，Ruby was proud of herself.Witnessing Ruby’s progress，Ollie felt more rewarded than receiving Ruby’s gifts.So Ollie returned the torch，the key chain，the golf ball and the gift box to Ruby.But Ruby let Ollie keep the gift box just to say thank you for helping her and to apologize for all the trouble she had caused.Soon a wave of happiness swept over their faces. [点睛]　[高分句型1]Hanging her head down，Ruby realized it was her fault that put them into hot water.(运用强调句) [高分句型2]Scratching his head，Ollie felt his cheeks burning with fire and started to comfort Ruby.(运用现在分词作状语和宾语补 足语) $$