Unit 1 Back to school-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版2020）

Unit 1　Back to school 必修第一册 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 (主题语境：人与自我——学校生活) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识　自测落实 核心考点　互动探究 跟踪检测　运用提升 课时作业　巩固提升 基础知识　自测落实 单元词句背诵 一、阅读词汇——知其意 1.thinking n. 思维，思想；想法 2. resource n. 资源；资料；谋略 3. facility n. 设施，设备；场所 4. well-rounded adj. 全面发展的；面面俱到的 5. individual n. 个人 adj. 单独的，个别的 6. junior adj.　　 (学校)为11或13岁以下儿童设立的；地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员 7. tip n. 指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费 8. style n. 风格；方式；样式 9. technique n. 技巧，技艺；技能 10. workshop n. 研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊 11. material n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的 12. poster n. 海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人 13. secondary adj. 中学的；次要的 14. a.m. 上午，午前 15. p.m. 下午，午后 16. biology n. 生物学 17. butter n. 黄油 18. pudding n. 甜点；布丁 19. rugby n. 橄榄球运动 20.calligraphy n. 书法，书法艺术 二、核心词汇——明其形 1.senior adj.　　 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级 水平的；老年的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人； 高水平运动员 2. path n. 道路；小路；成功的途径 3. positive adj. 积极乐观的；良好的，正面的 4. opportunity n. 机会，时机 5. effort n. 努力，费力的事；试图 6. attitude n. 态度，看法 7. goal n. 目标；进球得分 8. balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力 9. character n. 品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 10. ahead adv. (时间、空间)向前；提前 11. forward adv. 向将来；向前；进展，前进 12. focus n. 焦点，重点 vt.& vi. 集中 13. detail n. 细节；具体情况 14. remind vt. 提醒，使想起 15. exchange n.& vt. 交换；交流；兑换 16. tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 17. alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐，使害怕 18.option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课 三、拓展词汇——通其变 1. potential n.潜力；可能性adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.潜 在地，可能地 2. challenge n.挑战；质疑；具有挑战性的事物vt.挑战；质疑 →challenging adj.富有挑战性的 3. thinking n.思维，思想；想法→think vt.想，认为vi.思考 4. acquire vt.获得，得到→acquirement n.获得，得到，获得物 5. advance n.进步，进展；前进，行进vt.& vi.发展，进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的 6. amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amazed adj.吃惊的， 感到惊奇的→amaze vt.使惊异/惊奇→amazement n.惊异，惊奇 7. confidence n.自信，信心；信任；把握→confident adj.自信的 8. equal adj.相当的；平等的；相等的n.同等的人(物)linking vt. 与……相同或相等→equality n.平等；同等→equally adv.相等地 9. improve vt.& vi.改进，改善→improvement n.改进，改善 10. character n.品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 →characteristic n.特征，特点adj.典型的，独特的，特有的 11. responsible adj.负责的；可靠的；有责任→responsibility n.责 任；职责→irresponsible adj.不负责的 12. independently adv.独立地，自立地→independent adj.独立的；自 主的→independence n.独立；自主→dependence n.依靠；依赖 13. base n.根据；基础；基底；总部；大本营v.以……为基础(依 据)→basis n.基础；基准；原因→basic adj.基础的 14. aim n.目的，目标vi.& vt.力争做到；目的是；针对→aimless adj. 漫无目的的；没有目标的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地；没有目标地 15. proposal n.提议，建议，动议→propose v.建议；提议 16. technique n.技术，技巧；技能→technical adj.技术的；技能的 →technically adv.技巧上地，与技术有关地→technician n.技师，技 术人员→technology n.技术；科技 17. professional adj.专业的，职业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业 务的 n.专门人员，专业人士→profession n.职业；专业 18. contribution n.贡献；捐款；捐赠→contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡 献；捐助 19. fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏→unfortunately adv.不幸地；令人 遗憾地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n.运气；财富 20. option n.可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj.可供选择的 21. attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attractive adj. 有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→attraction n.吸引；吸引力；吸 引人的事物 1.lie in 存在于，在于 2. rise to 能够处理 3. make a difference 起作用，有影响 4. make the most of 充分利用，尽情享受 5. take advantage of 利用 6. last but not least 最后但同样重要的 7. look forward to 盼望，期待 8. as a result of 由于 9. stick to 坚持；固守，维持 10.over time 随着时间流逝，久而久之 常见结构 1. what引导宾语从句 2. It is＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth. 3. 完全倒装 4. as引导非限制定语从句 5. so...that... 6. find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.词汇默写 一、核心词汇 1. adj.中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级 水平的；老年的 n.级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平 运动员 2. n.机会，时机 3. vt.获得，得到 4. n.努力，费力的事；试图 senior　 opportunity　 acquire　 effort　 5. vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n.均衡，平 衡；平衡能力 6. n.品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 7. n.焦点，重点vt.& vi.集中 8. vi.提醒，使想起 9. adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通 业务的n.专门人员，专业人士 10. n.& vt.交换；交流；兑换 11. adj.艰难的，严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 balance　 character　 focus　 remind　 professional　 exchange　 tough　 12. n.闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器vt.使惊恐，使害怕 13. n.潜力；可能性adj.潜在的，可能的 14. vt.& vi.改进，改善 alarm　 potential　 improve　 二、拓展词汇 1. n.& vt.挑战；质疑→ adj.有挑 战性的 2. n.进步，进展；前进，行进vt.& vi.发展，进步 → adj.先进的；高级的 3. adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→ adj. 惊讶的→ vt.使惊讶→ n.惊讶 4. n.信心，信任；把握→ adj.自信的 challenge　 challenging　 advance　 advanced　 amazing　 amazed　 amaze　 amazement　 confidence　 confident　 5. adj.相等的；平等的；相当的n.同等的人(物) linking v. 与……相等 vt.比得上→ n.平等；相等→ ⁠ adv.同样地；相等地；公平地 6. adj.有责任，负责；可靠的→ n. 责任 7. adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的 → n.独立 8. vt.以……为基础(依据) n.根据；基础；基底；总部，大 本营→ n.基础；原因；基准→ adj.基础的 equal　 equality　 equally　 responsible　 responsibility　 independent　 independence　 base　 basis　 basic　 9. n.提议，建议，动议→ vt.提议 10. n.贡献；捐款；捐赠→ vt.& vi.捐 献；贡献→ n.捐献者；投稿人 11. adv.幸运地，幸亏→ adj.幸运的 → n.运气；命运 12. n.可选择的事物，选择；选修课→ adj.可 选择的 13. vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→ ⁠ adj.吸引人的→ n.有吸引力的事物 proposal　 propose　 contribution　 contribute　 contributor　 fortunately　 fortunate　 fortune　 option　 optional　 attract　 attractive　 attraction　 Ⅱ.语块默写 1. ⁠存在于，在于 2. ⁠能够处理 3. ⁠起作用，有影响 4. ⁠充分利用，尽情享受 5. ⁠利用 6. ⁠最后但同样重要的 7. ⁠盼望，期待 8. ⁠由于 9. ⁠坚持；固守，维持 10. ⁠随着时间流逝，久而久之 lie in　 rise to　 make a difference　 make the most of　 take advantage of　 last but not least　 look forward to　 as a result of　 stick to　 over time　 Ⅲ.课文佳句 1. I can’t wait to describe to you ⁠ ⁠. 我迫不及待地要向你们描述一下高中生活是什么样子的。 2. To fully realize your potential， ⁠ ⁠. 要想充分发挥你的潜能，充分利用我们学校的资源对你很重要。 what senior high school life is like it is important for you to make the most of our school resources　 3. 完全倒装 ，useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能以及积极的态度。 4. as引导非限制性定语从句 ，“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” 正如老子睿智的箴言所说的那样：“千里之行，始于足下。” Of equal importance are good study habits　 As Lao-Tzu wisely said　 5. find的宾语补足语 I ⁠ because the material was less advanced in the UK than in China. 我发现数学很容易，学起来很愉快，因为英国的教材没有中国 的难。 found Maths quite easy and enjoyable　 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.词性转换 1. (2023·全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society，and she teaches that people must take ⁠ (responsible) for saving their environment. 2. (2023·全国甲卷)The flexible working hours and working from home is also (attract). responsibility　 attractive　 3. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This can hinder the progress of students as the more (advance) one may dominate the conversation， leaving little room for the other students to improve. 4. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiaolongbao (soup dumplings)， those (amaze) constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers，encasing hot，tasty soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 5. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To begin with，randomly pairing up students may lead to (balance) language abilities within the groups. advanced　 amazing　 unbalanced　 6. (2023·北京卷)The reason is simple： we know of just one type of life and it’s (challenge)to do science with a sample size of one. 7. (2023·北京卷)I jumped at the chance，and a few weeks later I was (equal) shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. 8. (2023·北京卷)My (confident) still needed some nudging (激发)，but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print. 9. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)After two years，the second group saw remarkable (improve) in heart health. challenging　 equally　 confidence　 improvements　 Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. The hopes of a country and the future of a nation (在于) the hands of its youth. 2. Some people lose heart when they come across failures while others (迎接挑战). 3. The support from our teachers and parents definitely ⁠ (对……有很大影响) to our study. 4. If you can (充分利用你的时间)， your learning efficiency will be improved. lie in　 rise to the challenge　 makes a great difference　 make the most of your time　 5. Whenever a festival is coming，you will see various businesses (利用社交媒体) to sell their products. 6. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that ⁠ (期待) the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 7. Ocean is being seriously polluted ⁠ (因为人类的不良行为). 8. Once a man sets a goal，he should (坚持) it until he eventually accomplishes it. taking advantage of the social media　 look forward to　 as a result of human’s bad behaviour　 stick to　 9. (2023·北京卷) (随着时间的推移)，thoughts of the behaviour and ultimately the behaviour itself are likely to be triggered (触发) by these cues. 10. (最后但同样重要的是)，you should make an effort to be a well-rounded individual. Over time　 Last but not least　 Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. (人教B2改编)对学生来说，在学习和爱好之间保持平衡很重要。 ⁠ between study and hobbies. 2. 虽然我是一名交换生，但是我精通英语，了解英国文化。 ，I have a good command of English and know about British culture. It is important for students to keep balance　 While I am an exchange student　 3. 在农场里干活的时候，我发现在烈日下去地里干活很辛苦。 While working in the farmyard，I ⁠ in the fields under a hot sun. 4. 接着传来一道熟悉的声音，这让简欣喜若狂。 Then ，which made Jane wild with joy. found it very hard to work　 came a familiar voice　 5. (2022·全国乙卷)众所周知，随着智能手机和电脑的日益普及，越 来越多的学生在课堂之外选择用多种方式学习英语。 ，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，more and more students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways. As is known to us all/As we all know　 核心考点　互动探究 1. advance vt.& vi.前进，促进(cause sb./sth.to develop or improve)；提前；进步，发展n.前进，行进；进步，进展 ①(外研B3U1)Going back to Walter Scott’s lines，we may find even white lies have results we cannot know ⁠ advance. ②Having shown you around our school，we will introduce our most (advance) science lab to you. ③(2023·北京卷)Compared with the developments of AI， (advance)in ALife are harder to recognize. in　 advanced　 advances　 ④如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。盼望着早日收到你 的回信。 ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ [实战贴士]　(1)advance (vt.)不与forward连用；(2)enter (进入)不与 into连用；(3)return (回来)不与back连用。  　I’d appreciate it if you could let me know whether you are available or not in advance/ahead of time.I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.　 (1)advance on/upon/towards朝……前进 (2)in advance预先；提前(指事先) make advances in在……方面取得进步 (3)advanced adj.高等的；先进的；高深的 2. amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 (very surprising， especially in a way that makes you feel pleasure) ①(2023·全国乙卷) Having visited several times over the last 10 years，I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new. ②(外研B4U5)Most surprisingly of all，plants have an ⁠ (amaze) system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. was amazed　 amazing　 → ，you have so much knowledge of Chinese history and culture.(amazement) → ⁠ you have so much knowledge of Chinese history and culture.(it作形式主语，amazing) → ⁠ you have so much knowledge of Chinese history and culture.(what引导主语从句，amaze) → ⁠ you have so much knowledge of Chinese history and culture.(amazed) To my amazement　 It is amazing that　 What amazes me is that　 I am amazed that　 ③使我惊奇的是，你是如此了解中国的历史和文化。 (1)amaze v.使惊讶 (2)amazed adj.感到吃惊的；惊喜的；惊讶的 be amazed at/by对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶 be amazed that...对……吃惊 (3)amazement n.惊讶 to one’s amazement让某人惊讶的是 3. equal vt.等于；比得上adj.相同的，相等的；能胜任的，相当的； 平等的n.同等的人(物)；相等物 ①(人教B2U2)When it comes to wildlife protection，all species—the good，the bad，and the ugly—should be treated (equal). ②(译林B4U1)A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular，saying it was ⁠ equal. ③I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child，but as ⁠ equal. equally　 without　 an　 ④首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是，我擅长与 其他人交流。因此，我坚信我能胜任作为博览会志愿者的工作。 Firstly，nobody can . ⁠ ⁠ is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that ⁠ as a volunteer for the fair. equal me in oral English　 Equally important　 I am equal to the job　 [归纳拓展]　 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达： ①be up to　②be fit for　③be qualified for ④be suitable for (1)be equal to (doing) sth.等于；胜任(做)某事 equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/某物 without equal无与伦比 (2)equality n.平等 equally adv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 4. balance n.天平；平衡，均衡；平衡能力vt.(使)保持平衡；权衡重 要性；同等重视 ①Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages ⁠ the disadvantages. ②(人教B2U1)Finding and keeping the right balance ⁠ progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. ③Many people have come to realize that they should keep a (balance) diet. ④让学习与社会生活保持平衡很重要，因此你最好加入这个队伍。 ⁠ ⁠ against　 between　 balanced　  　It is very important to keep a balance between study and a social life，so you’d better join the team.　 (1)keep/lose one’s balance保持/失去平衡 keep a balance between A and B 在A与B之间保持平衡 (2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B (3)balanced adj.平衡的，均衡的 keep a balanced diet保持均衡的饮食 5. focus vt.& vi.集中(concentrate)；聚集n.焦点，重点；中心点 ①(2023·北京卷)It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向) towards the present，focusing ⁠ loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health，well-being and financial stability of their future selves or community. ②(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as ⁠ focus for relations between the generations. on　 a　 ③Because he focused his attention on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him. → ，he forgot all about what I had told him.(with复合结构) ④然而，花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在 生活中的其他事情上。 ⁠ ⁠ With his attention focused on his homework　  　But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.　 [归纳拓展] 表示“注意，集中精力于……”的短语还有①concentrate on；②fix one’s attention on；③be buried in；④be lost in；⑤be devoted to；⑥ be absorbed in；⑦put one’s heart into；⑧pay attention to等。 (1)focus on/upon集中 (注意力、精力)于 focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on...集中注意力/目光/精力于…… (2)the focus of...……的焦点/中心 6. base vt.以……为根据；以……为基础(依据)n.基部(bottom)；基 底；基础；根据；总部，大本营 ① (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety， including (base) bikes with foot brake (刹车)，bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡)，bikes with child seats，and children’s bikes. Basing　 basic　 ③The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right. → ，the restaurant is working all right.(过去分词短 语作状语) →The restaurant， ，is working all right.(定 语从句) ④常言道，“独木不成林”。我们的成功建立在与他人合作的 基础上。 Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesn’t make a forest”. ⁠ ⁠ Based on trust　 which is based on trust　 Our success is based on/upon cooperating with others.　 (1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上 be based on/upon以……为基础；依据…… (2)basic adj.基本的；基础的 basis n.基础；根据 7. remind vt.使想起，提醒(make sb.remember to do sth.) ①Please remind me (write) an email to my mother tomorrow，for it’s her birthday. ②(2023·全国甲卷)Those tomatoes had taste that reminded me ⁠ the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. ③(外研B1U2)Here are some of our favourites，to remind us ⁠ some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！ to write　 of　 that　 ④这张海报提醒我们必须立即采取措施保护濒危生物。 →The poster ⁠ to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb.that) →The poster ⁠ to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb.to do) ⑤我把“有志者，事竟成”这句谚语写在笔记本中，提醒我不要忘 记自己的梦想。 ⁠ ⁠ reminds us that we must take immediate measures　 reminds us to take immediate measures　  　I set down the saying “Where there is a will，there is a way” in the notebook to keep myself reminded of my own dreams.　 (1)remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what...提醒(某人)…… (2)reminder n.引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物 8. exchange n.交换；交流；兑换vt.兑换；交换；交流 ①I’ve offered to paint the kitchen exchange for a week’s accommodation. ②Could you please help me to exchange this shirt ⁠ a bigger one？ ③(外研B2U2)When he is interested in others’ books instead of his own，he tries to make ⁠ exchange. ④得知你下学期将作为一名交换生来我们学校，我非常高兴。 ⁠ ⁠ in　 for　 an　  　I’m happy to learn that you will come to our school next term as an exchange student.　 (1)in exchange for交换 make an exchange交换，进行交换 (2)exchange sth.for sth.with sb.用某物同某人交换某物 9. attract vt.吸引(arouse interest or pleasure in)；引起注意；使喜 爱；招引；引起(反应) ①(2022·全国甲卷)On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its (attract). ②(2022·北京卷)If we are healthy we shall naturally ⁠ (attract) towards maintaining the fitness of our body. ③Sitting on the grass and enjoying the tasty food provided by sponsors，we will be fully absorbed in the (attract) and fascinating performances. attractions　 be attracted　 attractive　 ④The lady was attracted by the beauty and she decided to spend another two days on the farm. → ，the lady decided to spend another two days on the farm.(过去分词短语作状语) ⑤(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)作为Youth的长期读者，我被其青少年专栏 所吸引。 ⁠ ⁠ Attracted by the beauty　  　As a regular reader of Youth，I am attracted by its columns on teenagers.　 (1)attract one’s attention/mind/eyes吸引某人的注意力/目光 attract sb.to sth.吸引某人关注某事 (2)attraction n.有趣的东西；吸引人之物 attractive adj.有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起兴趣的 10. potential n.潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的 ①(译林B5改编) With great discrimination，every one of us has the potential (be) a critical news reader. ②(人教B4U2)They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness，such as cancer， and (potential) save your life. ③作为老师，我们应该鼓励学生充分发挥他们的潜能。 ⁠ ⁠ to be　 potentially　  　As teachers，we should encourage every student to achieve/realize/fulfill their (full) potential.　 (1)a potential disaster潜在的灾祸 potential resources/customers潜在的资源/顾客 (2)achieve/reach/realize one’s potential发挥某人的潜能 the potential to do/for (doing) sth.做某事的可能性 (3)potentially adv.潜在地；可能地 11. acquire vt.获得，得到 ①I have recently acquired a taste ⁠ being a journalist. ②He has devoted his time to the (acquire) of knowledge. ③(北师B5改编)Except for core subjects，there are other important skills and abilities (acquire)，such as judgement， creativity and critical thinking. ④只有当你掌握了良好的语法知识的时候，你才能写出正确的 文章。 ⁠ ⁠ for　 acquisition　 to acquire　  　Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar can you write correctly.　 (1)acquire a knowledge of获得……的知识 acquire a habit of养成……的习惯 (2)acquisition n.获得；得到 12. responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的 ①Through the coming-of-age ceremony，we realize that strengthening the sense of (responsible) is an important part of our growth. ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)As a special education teacher at the school，it is/was my responsibility (help) and encourage the disabled kid. ③(2022·全国甲卷)我们应该对我们的行为负责，尽全力去保护 海洋。 ⁠ ⁠ responsibility　 to help　  　We are supposed to be responsible for/take responsibility for our own behaviour and spare no effort to protect the ocean.　 (1)be responsible for对……负责；导致 (2)responsibility n.责任；义务 take responsibility for对……负责 take on responsibility承担责任 It is one’s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的责任 (3)irresponsibility n.不负责任 13. alarm n.闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt.使惊恐，使害怕 ①The rate of heart disease is (alarm) high. ②On hearing the scream，he jumped up ⁠ alarm. ③(人教B6U3)This (alarm) case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology. alarmingly　 in　 alarming　 → ，the birds flew away.(过去分词短 语作状语) ⑤当一只鸟发现了一个猎人，它不是飞走，而是惊恐地叫起来，警 告其他的鸟。 ⁠ ⁠ Alarmed by the noise　  　When a bird spots a hunter，instead of just flying away，it calls out in alarm and warns other birds.　 ④The birds were alarmed by the noise and flew away. (1)alarm sb.使某人惊恐 (2)a burglar/fire/smoke alarm防盗/防火/烟火警报器 sound the alarm发出警报 an alarm clock闹钟 in alarm惊恐地 (3)alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的 be alarmed at/by因……而害怕 (4)alarming adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的 alarmingly adv.惊人地；让人担忧地 14. make a difference区别对待；有影响，起作用 (have an effect/influence on) ①What you’ve said will make no difference ⁠ the naughty boy. ②From the passage，we know that reading can make ⁠ difference to a person. ③在这一生中，我们可以随波逐流，让每一天从我们身边溜走，或 者我们可以掌控自己的生活，让生活有所不同。 ⁠ ⁠ to　 a　  　In this life，we can go with the flow and let each day slip past us，or we can take control of our life and make a difference.　 (1)make a difference to对……有作用/有影响 make some/no/little difference (to...)(对……)有一些/没有/几乎没有作 用或影响 (2)tell the difference (between...and...)辨别/区分(……与……) 15. as a result of由于 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result ⁠ the classes. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together，they cancel each other out，resulting ⁠ a more accurate estimate. ③由于缺乏社交而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的 问题。 ⁠ ⁠ of　 in　  　Misunderstanding resulting from lack of social communication，if not handled properly，may result in/lead to serious problems.　 (1)as a result结果；因此 without result没有结果；白费 (2)result from由……造成；因……而产生 result in导致；造成 16. look forward to期待，盼望 ①I hold the firm belief that my suggestions will be of great help to you.I’m looking forward to (hear) from you as soon as possible. ②As I saw the old photo，I always looked back ⁠ the scene where we had met. ③如果您能考虑接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激。期待您的早日 回复。 ⁠ ⁠ hearing　 on　  　I’d appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration.I’m looking forward to your early reply.　 look back (on)回忆，回顾 look out for注意察看，留心 look down on/upon轻视，瞧不起 look into调查；向……里看 look up to尊敬，敬仰 17. [教材原句]　Over the next three years，you will discover your potential while you develop as a student and as a person.在今后的三 年里，你们作为学生和个体成长的同时，将会发现自己的潜能。 写出下列句中while的含义 ①Some of us think that Senior 3 students should take exercise after school while the others hold quite different views. ⁠ ②While it has been more than a year since you taught us English，I’ve missed you a lot，thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you. ⁠ 然而；可是　 尽管；虽然　 ③While the students and teachers were watching the video，they were greatly touched. ⁠ ④While there is life，there is hope. ⁠ ⑤第一篇新闻报道更多地关注救援工作，而第二篇更多地谈论伤亡 情况。 The first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts， ⁠ ⁠ 当……的时候　 只要　 while the second talks more about deaths and injuries.　 [实战贴士]　while意为“虽然，尽管”时，与although，though 用 法相同，不与but连用。 18. [教材原句]　To fully realize your potential，it is important for you to make the most of our school resources.要充分发挥你的潜 力，对你来说重要的是充分利用我们学校的资源。 ①It was pretty hard for him (bring) up the child on his own. ②When I got there， ⁠ happened that all tickets had been sold out. ③It is no good (read) in the dim light. ④It is (think) that the aging population in China may cause a heavy pressure on the whole society in the future. to bring　 it　 reading　 thought　 ⑤她自思自忖道，失去一个朋友要比结交一个朋友容易得多。 She thought to herself，“ ⁠ ”. it is easier to lose a friend than to make a friend　 it作形式主语的常用句式： (1)It＋be＋形容词(obvious，possible，strange，natural，important...) ＋that从句/to do sth. (2)It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，supposed， reported...)＋that从句 (3)It＋不及物动词 (seem，occur，happen...)＋that从句 (4)It＋be＋名词短语 (a pity，a fact，a wonder，a shame，an honour，no wonder...)＋that从句 (5)It＋be＋no use/good doing sth. 19. [教材原句]　In time you will find yourself growing into a well- rounded individual.最后，你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长。 ①He found his daughter (surround) by letters and books and (look) very worried. ②A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (smoke) in the kitchen. ③她觉得练习说英语很有趣，并且她很高兴能说一口流利的英语。 ⁠ and she enjoys it when she can speak fluent English. surrounded　 looking　 smoking　 She finds it interesting to practice speaking English　 find的复合宾语结构如下： (1)find＋宾语＋ (2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do...(it为形式宾语，to do...是真 正的宾语) 跟踪检测　运用提升 层级一 核心知识精准练 过基础 维度1　单句语法填空 1. (2023·北京卷)The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make ⁠ positive difference in their communities through sport. 2. (2023·北京卷)Her (effort) have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called “Run Blue”. 3. (2022·浙江卷)“We focus ⁠ urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy，”says Hartley. a　 efforts　 on　 4. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Producing food that no one eats wastes the water， fuel，and other (resource) used to grow it. 5. (2022·浙江卷)As I served the role of vital communication link， I (remind)of my desperate struggle to converse before I learned English. 6. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Well，I may be old，but I’m not hopelessly (challenge)，digitally speaking. resources　 was reminded　 challenged　 7. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) (fortunate) for those in midlife， Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser，getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. 8. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist (attract). 9. The prize was awarded to those who have made great   (contribute) to scientific development. 10. A survey shows that 80％ of the middle-aged in this city are in favour of the (propose) on health care reform. Fortunately　 attraction　 contributions　 proposal　 维度2　熟词生义 1. She was appreciated both by her colleagues and her seniors. ⁠ 　⁠ 2. We were challenged by the police at the border the other day. ⁠ ⁠ 3. I must check my bank balance before I decide to buy the car. ⁠ 4. There will be a rise in the demand for health care professionals. ⁠ n.上级；上司 vt.对……怀疑 n.余额　 n.专业人士　 5. I raised the alarm as soon as I saw the smoke. ⁠ 6. Are you sure you’re physically tough enough for this job？ ⁠ 　　　⁠ n.警报　 adj.强壮的 7. character A. 性格　B. 特色，特性　C. 人物，角色　D. 符号，文字 (1)There are many famous characters in history.Who do you admire most？ ⁠ (2)It’s vital that a successful movie pay much attention to its theme and the figures’ characters. ⁠ (3)The whole character of the school has changed since he became the president. ⁠ (4)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form known as Chinese calligraphy. ⁠ C　 A　 B　 D　 8. tip A. n.小费　B. n.技巧；提示　C. n.尖；尖端 D. vt.付小费　E. vt.使倾斜 (1)Sorry，your name is just on the tip of my tongue. ⁠ (2)After I had my hair cut，I gave the hairdresser a tip. ⁠ (3)Here are some tips on how to make friends. ⁠ (4)The wind blew and the plants began to shake，tipping their leaves. ⁠ (5)She tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service. ⁠ C　 A　 B　 E　 D　 维度3　完成句子/一句多译/句型转换/句式升级 1. 作为高中生，我们可以做一些事情来提醒人们保护海洋，如张贴 海报、分发传单等。 As senior high students，we can do something such as putting up posters and handing out leaflets ⁠ ⁠. to remind people to protect the ocean 2. 他用一个苹果换了我一块蛋糕。 ①He gave me an apple a piece of cake.(exchange n.) ②He a piece of cake.(exchange vt.) in exchange for　 exchanged an apple with me for　 3. In reality，the operator’s not working hard enough resulted in his failure. →In reality，the operator’s failure ⁠ ⁠. 4. The Grand Hotel was built in 1990.And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast Highway. → ⁠ .(倒装句) resulted from his not working hard enough　 On the seaside along the South Coast Highway sits the Grand Hotel built in 1990　 5. World Ocean Day falls on June 8th.It is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation. →World Ocean Day， ⁠ ，falls on June 8th.(which引导的定语从句) →World Ocean Day ⁠   falls on June 8th.(过去分词短语作后置定语) which is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation　 aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation　 层级二 必备素养提升练 提能力 提能1　应用文写作 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确 形式完成下面的语篇。 　　As ① (一个新的高中生)， you will ② (遇到很多挑战).The following are some tips to help you lead a meaningful life. a new senior high school student　 face a lot of challenges　 Firstly，it is important for you to ③ ⁠ (充分利用惊人的资源) in the school to ④ ⁠ (发挥你们的潜力).At the same time，⑤ ⁠ (不遗余力去克服困难)and ⑥ ⁠ (抓住每一个机会来提高你们 的能力).The more knowledge you acquire，⑦ ⁠ (你将会有更多的信心). make the most of amazing resources　 realize your potential　 spare no effort to get over difficulties　 seize every opportunity to improve your ability　 the more confidence you will have　 Secondly，keep in mind that good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude are ⑧ (同等重要).Plan your study carefully and ⑨ (在课堂上集 中注意力).After class you’d better exchange words with your classmates to ⑩ (提升你们的 交流技能).In a word，learn to ⑪ ⁠ (平衡你们的学习和爱好)and work out a reasonable plan.Soon，you will ⑫ (全面发展 的个人)！ of equal importance　 focus on your lessons in class　 improve your communication skills　 keep a balance your study and hobbies　 be a well-rounded individual　 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 positive adj.积极乐观的；正面的 amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amazed adj. 惊讶的；惊喜的 confidence n.信心；信任；把握→confident adj.自信的 fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏 look forward to盼望，期待 动作描写 advance vt.& vi.发展，前进 focus vt.& vi.集中 remind vt.提醒，使想起 alarm vt.使惊恐，使害怕 环境描写 path n.道路；小路 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答 案并背诵该语段。 幸运的是，听了我的话，David又变得积极起来。他站起来， 向起跑线走去。看着他脸上坚定的表情，我被他的勇气和信心所感 动。他专注地跑着，尽管他被远远地甩在了后面。他瘦小的身体左 右摇晃着，但最后他成功地到达了终点线。所有的孩子都对他的毅 力和决心感到惊讶。 ，hearing my words，David ⁠ again.He stood up and ⁠ the starting line.Looking at his determined face，I ⁠ .He ⁠ though he was left far behind.His small body rocked from side to side，but he reached the finishing line successfully at last.All of the kids ⁠ ⁠ Fortunately became positive advanced towards/on was touched by his courage and confidence focused on/upon his running were amazed at his perseverance and determination. 课时作业　巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·河北沧州三模) Top Online College Courses and Classes Research for Classroom Learning Utah State University Taught by：Professor Nick Eastmond 主题语篇素养强化 40分钟 Course Description：In this online course on education，Professor Nick Eastmond instructs classroom teachers how to design and carry out research using a method called Guided Design，which encourages students to read specific pieces of content，and then apply what they learned from that content to real-world problems.You must have Adobe Flash Player 9 to take this course. Creole Language and Culture University of Notre Dame Taught by：Karen Richman Course Description：This reading online course encourages you to get involved even if you have no precious experience with Creole language or culture since it is designed to improve your Creole writing and reading skills，with specific emphasis on grammar and phonetic techniques.However，you should be prepared to complete weekly quizzes，take-home essays，a mid-term and a final exam. Mobile Software Engineering Harvard University Taught by：David J. Malan Course Description：This computer engineering online course teaches you how to design web and mobile apps by reviewing coding languages such as HTML5，PHP and JavaScript.Structurally，Malan’s course is composed of video lectures and supplementary (补充的) class materials presented as PDF files on the course’s webpage.You should also be prepared to complete projects such as independently developing iOS apps or mobile web apps. Artificial Intelligence UMass Boston Taught by：Professor Wei Ding Course Description：This introductory computer science online course will expose you to the techniques of artificial intelligence in computers.Through this class，you will gain a foundational understanding of how search methods and associative networks are used to solvepractical problems.Additionally，you will learn how to program applications using the LISP language. 体裁：应用文 主题语境：人与自我——学校生活——几个顶级在线大学课程 　　【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了几个顶级在线大学课程。 1. What can a teacher do in Research for Classroom Learning？ A. Improve teaching efficiency. B. Read specific passages. C. Evaluate self-learning abilities. D. Solve the real-world problems. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 推理判断题。根据Research for Classroom Learning部分中“In this online...called Guided Design.”可知，该课程是指导课堂教师使用 叫Guided Design的方法进行设计和研究。所以，在Nick Eastmond 教授的教学设计指导下，老师们在Research for Classroom Learning 中可以提高教学效率。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2. Which course requires students to take regular tests？ A. Artificial Intelligence. B. Mobile Software Engineering. C. Creole Language and Culture. D. Research for Classroom Learning. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据Creole Language and Culture部分中“However， you should be prepared...a final exam.”可知，该课程要求学生定期 参加考试。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3. What do the last two courses have in common？ A. They consist of video lectures. B. They are online computer science courses. C. They use the same programming language. D. They offer class materials on the course’s webpage. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据Mobile Software Engineering部分中“This computer engineering...HTML5，PHP and JavaScript.”和Artificial Intelligence部分中“This introductory computer...artificial intelligence in computers.”可知，两种课程都是网上计算机科学课程。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B (2023·江苏统考一模)No poverty，zero hunger，quality education，these are some of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)the United Nations(UN)established in 2015.In May 2019，the UN launched the SDG Book Club； each month，it posts on the club website a selection of books that illustrate a particular SDG to help young people interact with these goals. Batesville Intermediate School launched the Junior Ambassadors (大使) program in August 2019，using the SDG Book Club as a springboard to introduce students to a more global view on world issues.Twenty-four 4th and 5th graders met for 30 minutes four days a week to read，discuss，research，and conduct the sharing of knowledge and solutions to these issues.Research activities，special projects，and guest speakers are additional opportunities for junior ambassadors to build knowledge.What began as a desire to help small- town children expand their views grew into a broader program that affected the school，community，and beyond. The UN’s recommendation of Serafina’s Promise by Ann E. Burg was perfect for the junior ambassadors to begin their study of the first SDG：no poverty.The book is set in Haiti，so members of local Haitian groups were invited to speak to the program participants.Then，the junior ambassadors used their newfound knowledge to create multimedia lessons，sharing them with the other 480 students. The study of the second SDG—zero hunger—gave junior ambassadors an opportunity to organize and carry out a read-a-thon (a reading marathon) to raise funds for the Grain of Rice Project’s school initiative in Kenya.The non-profit’s co-founder，Amy Ahiga spoke to and inspired the students with her passion for helping others. Junior ambassadors use what they learn to engage with their community and the world，earning the school the American Library Association’s 2020 Sara Jaffarian School Library Program Award for Excellence in Humanities Programming.They can look back with pride，knowing they made a difference.With increased confidence and skills，these children will know that they can and will continue to save the world—one goal at a time. 体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——学校生活——“青少年 大使”计划 　　【语篇解读】　Batesville中学发起的“青少年大使”计划以可 持续发展目标读书俱乐部为跳板，向学生介绍更全球化的世界问题 观点，文章介绍了该计划针对“消除贫困”和“零饥饿”两个可持 续发展目标的研究活动。 4. What does the SDG Book Club do？ A. Teach reading techniques. B. Provide quality education. C. Address global conflicts. D. Recommend selected books. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In May 2019，...interact with these goals.”可知，可持续发展目标读书会每个月都会推荐一些选定的 书籍。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5. What was the initial aim of launching the Junior Ambassadors program？ A. To broaden children’s horizons. B. To motivate children to set goals. C. To stress the importance of reading. D. To make an impact on the community. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，“青少年大使”计划的最 初目标是开阔孩子们的眼界。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6. What is the similarity in the study of the first and second SDG？ A. Multimedia lessons were created. B. Guest speakers concerned were invited. C. Students were inspired to raise funds. D. Junior ambassadors organized read-a-thons. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The book is...the program participants.”以及第四段中“The non-profit’s co-founder，...for helping others.”可知，第一次和第二次可持续发展目标研究活动的 共同点是都邀请了相关嘉宾发言。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7. Which of the following can be the most suitable title of the text？ A. Earning an Award from Reading B. Working towards a Sustainable World C. Establishing a Platform to Share Viewpoints D. Providing a Springboard for Future Life 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，Batesville中学发起的“青少年大 使”计划以可持续发展目标读书俱乐部为跳板，向学生介绍更全球 化的世界问题观点，文章介绍了该计划针对“消除贫困”和“零饥 饿”两个可持续发展目标的研究活动，故B项“努力建设可持续发 展的世界”最适合作为文章标题。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 体裁：说明文 　主题语境：人与自我——学校生活——如何选择 高校 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校 提供了一些建议。 (2023·北京卷)It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. 　1　  1 2 3 4 5 A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore，it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However，the rankings ignore a critical factor：the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact，universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前内容可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时， 经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段的内容可推断出，本文主 要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。D项延续上文内容，指出大学排 名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是 教学质量被忽略。 1 2 3 4 5 When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education，they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. 　2　  1 2 3 4 5 A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore，it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However，the rankings ignore a critical factor：the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact，universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 答案：F 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前内容可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名 让人们觉得很惊讶。F项延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教 学质量。其中“more surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。 1 2 3 4 5 Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities，on average，scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 　3　 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success.Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore，it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However，the rankings ignore a critical factor：the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact，universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前后内容讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。G项与上 下文内容相一致。 1 2 3 4 5 Rankings，however，are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. 　4　 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching，the lower their salary.What is the result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures，which lead to lower success rates. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore，it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However，the rankings ignore a critical factor：the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact，universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前内容可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应 该讲其后果。B项是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓 越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘 和晋升中不受重视。 1 2 3 4 5  　5　 Nevertheless，not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources，higher rankings and increased enrolments.In the long term，universities，organisations that rank schools，and others should work to make teaching a valued，core part of the mission. What should students and their families do？ They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued，even though the schools may be ranked lower. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore，it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However，the rankings ignore a critical factor：the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact，universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 根据下文内容可知，作者认为想要强调教学质量还需要更多努力。 根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。C 项强调了高质量教学的重要性，而下文则话题一转，指出了高质量 教学的难处。 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2024·河北六校联考)Fiona Famous was a popular girl.She got on well with everyone and was so busy that she  　1　 spent time with individual friends.However，she felt lucky；no other girl had so many friends. Everything 　2　 on National Friendship Day.Everyone had to make three  　3　 to give to their three best friends.Fiona enjoyed the task.When all the presents had been  　4　，Fiona was the only one who had not  　5　 a present！ She felt  　6　 and cried.How could it be possible？ No one  　7　 her as their best friend？ Everyone came and  　8　 her for a while.But all only stayed for a while.This was what Fiona had done so many times to others. Arriving home，Fiona asked her mother where she could  　9　   true friends.“My dear，” answered her mother，“you cannot buy friends with a smile or a few good words.If you really want true friends，you will have to give them real time and  　10　.You must be available in good and bad times.” “But I want to be everybody’s friend！ I need to share my 　11　 ！” Fiona protested (声明). “You can’t be a close friend to everybody.There isn’t enough time.It’s only 　12　 to have some true friends.Others will be playmates，” said her mother. Hearing this，Fiona 　13　 she had not been a true friend.She had tried to pay attention to everyone，but that was not enough.To be close friends，you need to be  　14　，understand what others are  　15　   and support them. 体裁：记叙文 　主题语境：人与社会——人际关系——友谊 　　【语篇解读】　本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Fiona Famous和每个人都是朋友，以至于她几乎没有时间和任何一位朋 友待太长时间，国家友谊日的经历给了她当头一棒，事后Fiona Famous和母亲的谈话让她理解了友谊的真正含义。 1. A. hardly B. eventually C. gradually D. finally 答案：A 根据上文“She got on well with everyone and was so busy”可知， Fiona Famous很忙，几乎没有时间和任何一位朋友待太长时间。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. A. happened B. changed C. disappeared D. worsened 答案：B 根据下文“When all the...not  　5　 a present！”可知，在国家友谊 日一切都变了。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. A. cakes B. promises C. presents D. comments 答案：C 根据下文“When all the presents had been”可知，这里孩子们是制 作礼物。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4. A. taken B. replaced C. sold D. shared 答案：D 根据上文“to give to their three best friends”可知，孩子们制作礼物 是要分享给好朋友的。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. A. received B. possessed C. liked D. fixed 答案：A 根据下文“...cried.How could...their best friend？”可知，礼物分享 完后，Fiona是唯一没有收到一个礼物的人。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. A. different B. terrible C. easy D. relaxing 答案：B 根据上文“Fiona was the...a present！”可知，因为她是唯一没有收 到一个礼物的人，这让Fiona感到很糟糕。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. A. promised B. asked C. saw D. hoped 答案：C 根据下文“as their best friend”可知，没有人把Fiona当作是他/她最 好的朋友，固定搭配see sb.as意为“视某人为”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8. A. congratulated B. persuaded C. reminded D. calmed 答案：D 根据上文“She felt  　6　 and cried.”可知，Fiona在哭泣，所以大 家来安抚她，空格处用calmed。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. A. find B. look C. name D. run 答案：A 根据下文“you cannot buy friends with a smile or a few good words” 可知，Fiona回到家问妈妈在哪里才能找到真正的朋友。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. A. energy B. affection　　.money D. help 答案：B 根据下文“You must be available in good and bad times.”可知，妈 妈告诉Fiona，真正的朋友是需要时间和关爱的。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. A. time B. belief C. dream D. gifts 答案：A 根据下文“There isn’t enough time.”可知，Fiona谈论的是时间。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12. A. natural B. usual C. possible D. necessary 答案：C 根据上文“You can’t be...enough time.”可知，和每个人都成为好朋 友是不可能的，因为我们的时间不允许。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. A. proved B. realized C. guessed D. admitted 答案：B 根据空后“she had not been a true friend”可知，听到妈妈的解释， Fiona意识到了自己以前的错误想法和行为。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. A. grateful B. generous C. available D. brave 答案：C 根据上文“You must be available in good and bad times.”可知，要 给朋友时间，因此空格处是“有空的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. A. working out B. going after C. looking after D. going through 答案：D 根据上文“If you really...and  　10　”可知，作为好朋友，你要在 朋友需要时出现，要给朋友关爱，理解他们正在经历什么并且支持 他们。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅳ.语法填空 　　【语篇解读】　本文讲述了一所苏格兰小学的教师Norman Lewis坚持让学生使用老式钢笔练习手写的故事。尽管电脑已成为 写作的主流工具，但Lewis先生认为精美的手写仍然是一个重要的 技能。他的实验显示，使用钢笔写作不仅让学生们更关注自己的作 品，也增强了他们的自信心。 (2024·一月九省联考)Whenever you have to write a paper，a letter，or any other document for work or school，you probably head toward the computer.Now，most people reach for 1. 　　　　   (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens.In a Scottish primary school， however，Mr.Norman Lewis is taking a different approach.He feels that neat handwriting 2. 　　　　 (be) still an important skill，so he has his students write not only by hand but also 3. 　　　　 old-fashioned fountain pens. 1. 考查名词的单复数。由most people可知，此处指多个键盘，且与 下文的pens呼应，应用其复数形式，故填keyboards。 答案：keyboards 2. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由主语neat handwriting可知，此处 应用动词的第三人称单数形式；联系上下文时态可知，应用一般现 在时，故填is。 答案：is 3. 考查介词。write with sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物进行写 作”，此处特指使用老式钢笔，故填with。 答案：with Fountain pens 4. 　　　　 (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable.Today，a writer 5. 　　　　　 (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets 6. 　　　　  new one. 4. 考查动词的时态和语态。由long ago及上下文可知，此处讨论的 是过去学校中使用钢笔的情况，需用一般过去时；又因fountain pens与use之间为被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 were used。 答案：were used 5. 考查词性转换。修饰动词throws应用副词，故填simply。 答案：simply 6. 考查冠词。此处指一般意义上的“新笔”，而非特指，应用不定 冠词a。 答案：a So far，Mr.Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment.He reports that his students are taking more care with their work，and their self-confidence has improved as well.He is happy with the 7. 　　　　  (improve) he sees in his students’ writing 8. 　　　　 in his own writing.He knows that computers are here 9. 　　　　 (stay) and that they will not disappear.However，he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus，to write faster，and they can feel proud of 10. 　　　　 (they). 7. 考查词性转换。由空前的the可知，此处应用名词形式，作介词 with的宾语。 答案：improvement 8. 考查连词。“学生在写作中的提升”和“他自己在写作中的提 升”两者为并列关系，因此用并列连词and。 答案：and 9. 考查非谓语动词。be here to stay为固定搭配，意为“已经成为生 活中的一部分”。 答案：to stay 10. 考查代词。此处指代学生自己，需要用反身代词作宾语，故填 themselves。 答案：themselves A Four Outdoor Spring Activities for Kids While we’re tempted to stay inside where it’s temperature- controlled and comfortable， getting outside is important for a child’s development. I’m sure you’ll find so many fun outdoor spring activities to do with your kids. They provide them with vitamin D from the sun， strengthen their bodies， enhance problem-solving and critical thinking skills， help children appreciate nature， and so much more. 阅读语篇专练提升 30分钟 (2023·广东汕头四校联考) Kid-made Bird Feeder Our kid-made bird feeder is made from recycled materials and birdseed. Simply have your children fill each bowl in the egg carton (蛋 盒) with birdseed and hang it in a tree when you’re finished. This project helps kids work on measuring， pouring， concentration， hand-eye coordination and other skills. Exploring Life at the Pond Go to a local pond to explore there for a couple of hours. Study the pond ecosystem，search for creatures in the water and outside it， such as fish， worms， turtles and birds. Use our free printable to check off each creature or plant as you find it. This helps stimulate the curiosity about nature of your loved ones. DIY Seed Bombs Learn how to make homemade seed bombs to give as gifts to friends and neighbors. These earth-friendly seed bombs are made with recycled paper and can be planted directly into the soil. Include seeds from your favorite grasses or flowers in the seed bombs. Gardening with Kids Gardening is one of the best spring outdoor activities that you can do with your children.It helps kids learn patience， responsibility and self-confidence. Plus， knowing how to grow your own food is a valuable skill！ 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合 孩子的户外春季活动。 1. Which activities may stimulate kids’ environmental awareness？ A. Kid-made Bird Feeder and DIY Seed Bombs. B. Kid-made Bird Feeder and Gardening with Kids. C. Exploring Life at the Pond and DIY Seed Bombs. D. Gardening with Kids and Exploring Life at the Pond. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第二段“Our kid-made bird feeder is made from recycled materials and birdseed.”以及倒数第二段“These earth- friendly seed bombs are made with recycled paper and can be planted directly into the soil.”可知，孩子自制的喂鸟器和DIY种子炸弹可以 激发孩子的环保意识。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. What can you do at Exploring Life at the Pond？ A. Find out what birds like to eat. B. Learn how to grow food. C. Make earth-friendly seed bombs. D. Study a variety of wildlife. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据Exploring Life at the Pond部分中“Study the pond ecosystem，...turtles and birds.”可知，你可以在Exploring Life at the Pond中研究各种野生动物。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. For whom is the text intended？ A. Parents. B. Children. C. Teachers. D. Travelers. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容及下文可知，文章主要介绍了 四个适合孩子的户外春季活动。由此推知，文章针对的是父 母。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 B From the world’s last seven to a global population of more than 5，000， China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱 鹮) from the edge of extinction. With its typical red crest and face， as well as a long black mouth and snow-white feathers， the crested ibis is known as “the oriental gem” in China. They were once widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting， ecological damage and increased human activities drove the birds to near extinction. In 1981， the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County， northwest China’s Shaanxi Province， and deep in the Qinling Mountains， making Qinling， a natural boundary between China’s north and south，the last shelter of the wild birds. Since 1981， the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans for the protection of the species， prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds’ living areas，cutting down trees where they nest， using chemicals in their food-finding areas， and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas. The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises， sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds’ living areas.China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and had bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi as of last year. Years of constant effort have brought promising results. It is estimated that there are more than 5，000 crested ibises in the world now， and a majority of them live in Shaanxi. The bird’s habitat in China has risen from less than 5 square km in 1981 to more than 15， 000 square km. “It is lucky that the crested ibis， an ancient bird， is still flying around，” said Zan Linsen， head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry. “The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life， but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environment protection.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国在近 40年的努力下，成功将朱鹮这一濒临灭绝的物种从全球仅剩的7只 增加到超过5 000只。朱鹮的保护不仅展示了古老生物的力量，也 显示了生态环境保护的必要性和紧迫性。 4. Why are the Qinling Mountains so important to crested ibises？ A. They are where crested ibises were first found. B. They used to be the last habitat of crested ibises. C. They are the only breeding area of crested ibises. D. They protect crested ibises from natural enemies. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，之所以秦岭对朱鹮来说是重 要的，是因为这里曾经是朱鹮最后的栖息地。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. What can we conclude from paragraph 4？ A. Crested ibises are unlikely to be bred artificially. B. It’s legal to own hunting guns in Yangxian County. C. Hunting has been the biggest threat to crested ibises. D. The government plays a key role in saving crested ibises. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，本段介绍的是政府针对保护 野生动物提出的相应保护政策和措施，即政府在拯救朱鹮方面起着 关键作用。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. How does Zan Linsen feel about the conservation of crested ibises？ A. Merciful and ambitious. B. Relieved and happy. C. Shocked and curious. D. Sorry and regretful. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘It is lucky that the crested ibis， an ancient bird， is still flying around，’ said Zan Linsen”可知，赞林森认为，很幸运能够看到这种古老的鸟儿 还能飞来飞去，这是保护朱鹮取得的成果，由此可知，这让赞 林森感到高兴和宽慰。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. What is a suitable title for the text？ A. Rare Animals in China：Crested Ibises B. Artificial Breeding of Crested Ibises in China C. Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Comeback D. Crested Ibises Found Again in the Qinling Mountains 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 标题归纳题。根据全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了中国在近 40年的努力下，成功将朱鹮这一濒临灭绝的物种从全球仅剩的7只 增加到超过5 000只。中国自1991年开始人工繁育朱鹮，截至去年 已在陕西繁育了400多只。多年的努力带来了显著成果。C选项 “Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Comeback (濒危朱鹮不断回 归)”概括文章主要内容，为最佳标题。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 C I am a professor of clinical psychology. Some time ago， I got halfway through a day of teaching before a co-worker pointed out to me I was quite carelessly wearing a pair of different shoes， one red and one black. I felt so embarrassed and upset but I would have to go teach my course like this. When I noticed how much I wanted to disappear and avoid this situation， I was determined to face it instead. I walked into class and announced to the students that I was wearing two shoes from different pairs， and directed their attention to my feet. Everyone laughed and we went on with class. Years later， a student in that class told me that this was the moment she first thought that maybe， just maybe， she could be a professor， too. I shared my mistake because I realized that trying to hide it was interfering with my ability to concentrate my mind on my teaching—but I had no idea that it would also help shorten the psychological distance between my students and myself. Many contexts may punish or shame people for making mistakes. Our efforts to avoid them result from our desires for success， and how others will respond to our mistakes. We might feel self-criticism and shame if we do make some. However， making mistakes is part of learning new things， and it can draw us closer to others. It opens up the possibility of accepting mistakes gladly， letting us be more open and engaged in what we are doing. We can say words of kindness and self-compassion to ourselves： Mistakes are natural and human； we can be kind to ourselves for this error and still try to do better next time； noticing our own imperfections can help us to be kind to others when we notice they are imperfect， too. When we practice our mistakes in this way， they can become opportunities to open up to others， learn about ourselves， and connect even more with what matters to us. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过 主动告诉学生自己犯的错误，不但消除了自己内心的尴尬、沮丧， 同时还拉近了自己与学生之间的距离。向他人敞开心扉，不仅可以 了解自己，还能将自己与其他的事情联系起来。 8. How does the author develop paragraph 1？ A. By giving some examples. B. By following time order. C. By doing scientific experiments. D. By sharing personal experience. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。第一段第一句提到“I am a professor of clinical psychology.”且该段的主语都使用了第一人称I (我)。由此判断，作 者通过分享自己的经历来写第一段的内容。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. What was the result of the author sharing his mistake？ A. Shameful. B. Unexpected. C. Punishable. D. Unaccepted. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第二段“but I had no idea that it would also help shorten the psychological distance between my students and myself(但我不知道这也有助于缩短学生和我自己之间的心理距 离)”由此可推断，作者在发现自己犯错之后感到非常的尴尬，同 时内心也十分想上好课，于是作者选择了向学生直言自己犯的错 误，没想到得到了学生的笑声，课也进行得十分顺利，并且拉近了 学生和作者之间的心理距离。因此作者在向学生坦白之后得到了一 些自己没有意想到的结果。shameful羞耻的；unexpected意想不到 的；punishable该惩罚的；unaccepted未被接受的。B项符合文义。 故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us？ A. Intentions to avoid mistakes. B. Advantages of making mistakes. C. Possibilities of making mistakes. D. Efforts to avoid making mistakes. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 段落大意题。根据第三段提到的“Many contexts may punish or shame people for making mistakes. Our efforts to avoid them result from our desires for success， and how others will respond to our mistakes.(很多情况下，人们会因为犯错而受到惩罚或羞辱。我们努 力避免犯错是因为我们渴望成功，以及别人对我们的错误的反 应)”可判断，很多情况下人们不想犯错是想要成功，也避免别人 对自己犯错之后的反应。即避免犯错的意图。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. What can we know about mistakes from the last paragraph？ A. They interfere with what we are doing. B. They draw too much attention from us. C. They are big opportunities to get us improved. D. They make us feel irresponsible and defeated. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据最后一段提到的“Mistakes are natural and human； we can be kind to ourselves for this error and still try to do better next time(犯错是自然的，也是符合人性的；对于这个错误， 我们可以对自己好一点，并且下次努力做得更好)”可知，犯错促 使人下次努力做得更好，可得出犯错反而是能够帮助人进行自我提 升的机会。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 D Clockmaking is a traditional craft which involves the building and repair of clocks. But it is now on the red list drawn up by the Heritage Crafts Association (HCA)， which has warned that more specialists are retiring than entering the profession. David Poole， a former master， said， “The shortage of clockmakers is a problem. Whereas there used to be clock makers on the high street， a clock repair shop is a rare sight today. People will find it extremely difficult to identify anyone to repair their clocks.” There are only about 250 makers and repairers left across Britain， according to HCA’s research. When specialists are near retirement， they often cannot afford to take on apprentices (学徒) as happened in the past. Besides， it is feared that the few training courses that have survived will not fill the gaps. Howard Walwyn， a leading dealer in Kensington， warned that， if expertise in repairing is lost， clocks will become inanimate objects rather than living things， adding， “Most clock makers have fiddled with (捣鼓) clocks as kids， taking them apart and trying to get them to work. The problem is that young kids now are spending most of their time in front of screens and show little interest in clockmaking. I’ve got some younger clockmakers， but they’re few and far between.” “There are also concerns that too many clockmakers are prepared to use modern mechanical solutions to make a clock work， even if those solutions are aesthetically (审美地) wrong，” said Jonathan Betts， an adviser to the National Trust. He added， “Museum collections and more sensitive private collectors would much rather not have a clock cleaned so it looks brand new， but an awful lot of restorers reject that.” Mr. Poole， who became a clockmaker in the 1990s，said，“There are few people coming into the business. Most people who are in it are edging towards retirement， as am I. If people aren’t skilled， all those lovely things won’t be looked after properly.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国传统的钟 表制造和维修工艺面临着匠人流失的问题。相关专家呼吁重视年轻 人对传统钟表制作的教育和培训，以保护这一重要的传统工艺。 12. What does the underlined phrase “on the red list” in paragraph 1 mean？ A. On top of standard. B. In need of improvement. C. In response to demand. D. At risk of extinction. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容“which has warned that more specialists are retiring than entering the profession”可知，HCA警告 称退休的专家比进入该行业的专家要多，由此可推断，画线词的意 思是英国传统的钟表制造和维修工艺面临着匠人流失愈发严重的问 题。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. What belongs to a traditional practice in the clockmaking field？ A. Its pairing each apprentice with a specialist. B. Its tailoring training programs for apprentices. C. Its bringing in new blood by employing apprentices. D. Its postponing experienced specialists’ retirement age. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When specialists are...not fill the gaps.”可知，过去的时候，钟表制造领域的传统做法是通过雇佣学 徒来引入新鲜血液。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. What prevents young kids from being clockmakers according to Howard Walwyn？ A. A relatively low salary. B. The lack of interest in clockmaking. C. The tough employment environment. D. A limited number of training courses. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The problem is...and show little interest in clockmaking...and far between.”可知，Howard Walwyn认为年轻的孩子们对制作钟表缺乏兴趣使得他们不愿意 进入钟表行业。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. What is Jonathan Betts’ concern？ A. Many repairers adopt modern methods in clockmaking. B. Many restorers are incapable of fixing mechanical clocks. C. Private collectors show no interest in traditional techniques. D. Museums refuse to include cleaned clocks in their collections. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 推理判断题。根据最后一段Jonathan Betts的话可知，Jonathan Betts 担心的是许多修理工采用现代方法制造钟表，而现代的修理方法在 审美上是错误的。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $$