必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版2019）

UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION 必修第三册 (主题语境：人与自然——宇宙探索) 【话题词汇】 【话题佳句】 1．The Shenzhou-14 crewed spaceship was launched into space on June 5，2022，which made the whole nation proud. 2022年6月5日，神舟十四号载人飞船发射升空，这让全国人民感到自豪。 2．30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile，holding the belief that space exploration is too far away from our daily life and is a waste of money. 我们中有30%的人觉得太空探索不值得，认为太空探索离我们的日常生活太远，并且浪费金钱。 3．Some believe it is not necessary to explore the universe but others hold an opposite view. 有些人认为没有必要探索宇宙，但其他人持相反的观点。 4．Frankly speaking，travelling in the universe is a dream for many people in the world. 坦率地说，在宇宙中旅行是世界上许多人的梦想。 5．An increasing number of people hold the view that space exploration is of great significance to human beings. 越来越多的人认为太空探索对人类意义重大。 6．There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from space exploration in many different ways. 毫无疑问，太空探索在许多不同的方面使我们受益良多。 7．Space exploration contributes not only to the improvement of our quality of life，but also to our understanding of the interdependence of all beings. 太空探索不仅有助于我们的生活质量的提高，而且有助于我们对所有生物之间的相互依存关系的理解。 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆单词 五级词汇 regular adj.定期的，经常的；正常的(adv. regularly) 四级词汇 agency n．[C](政府的)专门机构，局，部；代理处；服务机构 argue vi. & vt.论证；争论，争辩 　argue for/against主张/反对 　argue with sb. about/over sth.因某事与某人争论 argument n．[C]论据，论点，理由；[C]&[U]争论；争吵；辩论 　have an argument (with sb.) (about/over sth.)(因某事)(与某人)争论/争吵 beyond prep.[表示位置]在……的那边，在更远处，远于；[表示时间]在……以后，迟于；[表示数量、水平、限度]超出；[表示范围]超出……的范围，非……所及；[常用于否定句和疑问句]除……以外adv.在更远处，到……之后 　beyond the reach of sb./beyond sb.'s reach够不着，力所不及 current adj.[只用于名词前]现在的；当前的；通用的n.[C]水流；电流；气流；(事件、时代等)潮流；思潮 data n．[U] [datum的复数形式；作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数]数据，资料，信息 desire n．[C]&[U]渴望；欲望vt.渴望， 期望 　desire to do sth.渴望做某事 determined adj.有决心的，意志坚定的 　be determined to do sth.决心做某事 　a determined look坚定的眼神 determine vt.确定；查明；决定vt. & vi.[正式用语]决定(n. determination) disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的(disappoint，disappointment，disappointing) independently adv.独立地；自立地(adj. independent) lack n．[U]缺乏，短缺，不足(shortage)vt.[不用于被动语态]缺乏，短少，没有(adj. lacking) limited adj.有限的，不多的 mental adj.[只用于名词前]精神的，思想的，脑力的 mystery n．[C]神秘事物；谜；[U]神秘(性)(adj. mysterious) otherwise adv.[句子副词]否则；除此以外；以另外方式；要不然 pattern n．[C]模式；图案；模范 recycle vt.回收利用；再利用 resource n．[C][常用复数]资源，物力，财力 signal vi. & vt.标明，标志着；发信号n.[C]信号，标志，暗号(sign)；信号灯 solar adj.太阳的；太阳能的 vehicle n．[C][正式用语]交通工具，车辆；手段，工具 三级词汇 attach vt.系，绑，贴，连接 　attach great importance to认为……很重要，看重…… facility n．[C][pl.]设施，设备；[C](用于某种活动、行业或服务的)场所，建筑 float vt. & vi.(使)漂浮(反sink)；(使)漂流；(使)浮动 gravity n．[U]重力，引力；严肃；[正式用语]严重性 intelligent adj.聪明的，有智力的；有智慧的 launch vt.发射；使(船)下水；发动；创办；上市；发起n.[C][常用单数]发射；(新产品的)上市；(新书的)发行；(事件的)发起 mankind n．[U]人类(man) monitor n．[C]监视器，监测仪；(学校的)班长vt.监控，监视，监测 muscle n．[C]肌肉；[U]体力；实力；影响力 orbit vt. & vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行n.[C]&[U]环绕地球、太阳等运行的轨道；势力范围 二级词汇 analysis n．[C]&[U](pl. analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果(v. analyse) 　carry out/do an analysis of对……作分析 astronaut n．[C]宇航员；太空人 giant adj.[只用于名词前]巨大的；伟大的n.[C](神话或想象中的)巨人，伟人；巨兽 globe n．[C]地球；世界；球体，球状物，地球仪 keen adj.渴望的，热衷的(eager)；(关心、兴趣等)强烈的，敏锐的(sharp) leap n．[C]跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt/leaped, leapt/leaped)vi. & vt.跳过，跳跃，跃过 procedure n．[C]&[U]步骤，程序，手续 shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的(反 deep) sufficient adj.足够的，充足的(enough) universe n．[C][常与the 连用]宇宙；天地万物 closing adj.(讲话、时段或活动)接近尾声的，结尾的，结束的n.[U](永久的)停业，关闭，倒闭 　in closing最后 ongoing adj.不断发展的，持续存在的；仍在进行的 spacecraft n．[C](pl. spacecraft/spacecrafts)航天器，宇宙飞船 一级词汇 frontier n．[C]边境；国界；边远地区；[常用复数]新领域 rocket n．[C]火箭；火箭弹vi.快速增长；迅速移动 tissue n．[C]纸巾；[U](人、动植物细胞的)组织 transmit vt.& vi.传输，发送；发射；播送 ◆短语 on board在宇宙飞船/船/火车/飞机上(aboard) carry on继续做，开展，坚持干 figure out弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白；计算出 in the hope of doing sth.希望做某事；抱着……的希望 provide for sb.提供生活所需 result in导致，造成 as a result所以，结果(是) run out用完，耗尽 so as to (do sth.)为了/以便(做某事) meet the requirements for满足……的条件 必背句式 ◆“对……好奇”的多种表达 I'd love to/I wish to know...我想知道…… I wonder how/what/why...我想知道如何/什么/为什么…… I'd really like to find out...我真的很想知道…… I'd particularly like to know...我特别想知道…… I'm very keen to know...我很想知道…… I'm most curious about...我对……非常好奇 I hope you won't mind me asking about...希望你不介意我问一下…… 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.核心词块 1．an excellent ______________ 一名优秀的航天员 2．follow normal/standard_____________ 遵循正常的/标准的步骤 3．the ___________ process of remembering 记忆的心理过程 4．the PLA _____________ Force 中国人民解放军火箭军 5．all kinds of motor _____________ 各种机动车辆 astronaut procedure mental Rocket vehicles 6．a party to ___________ his latest novel 他最新小说的首发式 7．low-earth ________ 近地轨道 8．________ health and happiness渴望健康和幸福 9．a danger/warning ________ 一个危险/警告信号 10．____________ paper 再生纸 11．for ________ of support 因缺乏支持 launch orbit desire signal recycled lack 12．________ expectation出乎意料 13．a budget for the ________year 今年的预算 14．without ________ evidence没有充足的证据 15．sports/leisure ________ 体育/休闲设施 16．a ________ sportsman 一名运动爱好者 17．tourists from every corner of the ________ 来自世界各地的游客 beyond current sufficient facilities keen globe 18．in __________ waters around the coast在海边浅水水域 19．changing ________ of behaviour 行为变化模式 20．a __________ visitor一位常客 21．the exploitation of natural ___________ 自然资源的开发 22．the ________ resources available可获得的有限资源 shallow patterns regular resources limited Ⅱ.变形词汇 1．_____________ adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→ ___________ n．智慧；聪明；智力 2．__________ n．宇宙；天地万物→ ___________ adj.普遍的；全世界的n.一般概念；普遍特征→ ___________ adv.全体地；一致地 3．___________ vt.查明；确定；决定→ ___________ adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 intelligent intelligence universe universal universally determine determined 4．___________ vt.使失望→_____________ adj.失望的；沮丧的→ ______________ adj.令人失望的 5．___________ n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→ ___________ adj.令人向往的；可取的；值得拥有的 6．____________ adj.独立的；自立的→ _____________ adv.独立地； 自立地→ ____________ n．独立；自主；自立 disappoint disappointed disappointing desire desirable independent independently independence 7．_______ n．地球；世界；地球仪→________ adj.全球的 8．_______ vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→__________ n．争论；争吵；论点 9．________adj.致命的；灾难性的→ ________ adv.致命地；不幸地 10．________ n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→ _________ (pl.) globe global argue argument fatal fatally analysis analyses Ⅲ.拓展词汇 1．空中飞人，一跃冲天 ①astronaut 航天员；太空人 ②spaceman 航天员 ③spacewoman 女航天员 ④space traveller 太空旅行者 ⑤pilot 飞行员 2．“派生名词(v.＋-ing)”集锦 ①ending 结局；结尾 ②training 训练；培训 ③feeling 感觉；感情 ④painting 绘画；油画 ⑤meeting 会议 ⑥beginning 开始；开端 ⑦living 生活；生计 ⑧sailing 航行；航海 Ⅳ.重点短语 1．_________________ solve these problems下定决心解决这些问题 2．___________ as normal像往常一样继续做 3．be __________ all the time一直待在船上 4．be _____________ being admitted to an engineering college希望能被一所工程学院录取 be determined to carry on on board in the hope of 5．__________ encourage creativity为了激发创造性 6．__________ his intention弄清他的用意 7．___________ an accident导致了一场事故 8．_________ 所以；结果(是) 9．___________ a large family养活一大家人 10．__________ 最后 11．_________用完；耗尽 12．__________________ environmental protection重视环境保护 so as to figure out result in as a result provide for in closing run out attach importance to Ⅴ.课文佳句 1．These disasters ___________________________________，but the desire to explore the universe never died.(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望从未消失过。 made everyone sad and disappointed 2．Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will ______________________________________________________________________________________．(not only...but also...) 尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能使我们了解宇宙的起源，而且还能帮助我们在未来更好地生存下去。 not only enable us to understand how the universe began，but also help us survive well into the future 3．Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system __________________________________．(be＋n.＋to do) 把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。 4．Firstly, _____________________________________________the fight against world hunger.(动词-ing形式作主语) 首先，探索太空已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。 is not an easy goal to achieve exploring space has already made a difference in 5．____________，they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.(状语从句的省略) 睡觉的时候，他们必须把自己固定在某物上，以防止四处飘荡。 While sleeping 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．The race was of great benefit to the participants，physically and __________(mental). 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)The tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial _________________(intelligent). mentally intelligence 3．Many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags，which are easily __________(recycle) but require more energy to produce and transport. 4．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the twins looked around them in _______________(disappoint)，their father appeared. 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Producing food that no one eats wastes the water，fuel，and other ______________(resource) used to grow it. recycled disappointment resources Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．Shoppers flocked to the sales __________________________(希望淘到便宜货). 2．Our parents send us to school______________________________ (以便使得我们能够获取知识)and achieve success in the future. in the hope of finding a bargain so as to enable us to obtain knowledge 3．He was trying to ___________________________________(弄清楚为什么相机出问题了). 4．The captain refused to leave the sinking ship for_______________ _______________________(在船上还有妇女和孩子). 5．Although faced with so many difficulties，I still want to ________________________ (继续我的课程). figure out why the camera wasn't working there were women and children still on board carry on (with) my course Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．第一只成功地用成年动物的细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多莉羊。(不定式作定语) The first mammal _____________________________from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep. to be cloned successfully 2．(2021·浙江卷)我根本不想和他说话，那是因为和他说话意味着我必须把我辛辛苦苦挣来的钱贡献给家里。(表语从句) I didn't want to talk to him at all；__________________ talking with him meant I had to contribute my hard earned money to the family. 3．在我看来，我们经理制订的这个计划很难实行。(be＋adj.＋to do) In my opinion，the plan designed by our manager _______________． that was because is hard to carry out 核心考点 互动探究 1.determine vt.确定(discover the facts about sth.)；决定(make a firm decision to do sth.)；查明(establish) ①In closing，determine ______(be) your best, and you will receive the best. ②The little boy carried on with his studies with ___________________ (determine). to be determination ③____________________ (下定决心刻苦学习)，he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.(形容词短语作状语) Determined to study hard (1)determine sth.决定某事 determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作) (2)determined adj.下定决心的 be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表示状态) (3)determination n．决心；决定 [实战贴士]　determined to do sth.作状语的用法是考查重点，有类似用法的还有lost in，caught in，absorbed in等。 2.disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的(dissatisfied，depressed，frustrated) ①How _______________(disappoint)it was to have missed the train! ②We were all disappointed __________(learn)that the picnic had been cancelled. ③There was a __________________(disappoint)look on David's face when he knew he didn't pass the driving test. ④Learn to understand，and you will keep away from a world ____________________________ (满是悲伤和失望). disappointing to learn disappointed full of sadness and disappointment (1)disappoint vt.使失望 be disappointed at/with/about/by sth.对某事感到失望 be disappointed in/with sb.对某人感到失望 be disappointed that...对……感到失望/沮丧 be disappointed to do sth.因做某事而失望 (2)disappointment n．失望，沮丧 (much) to one's disappointment＝to one's (great) disappointment 使某人(非常)失望的是 (3)disappointing adj.令人失望的，令人扫兴的 3.desire n．渴望；欲望(a strong hope or wish) vt.渴望；期望(long for) ①These activities seemed to satisfy my desire _______(be)useful and to feel a meaningful connection to the lives of others. ②(2023·全国甲卷)Bangkok is a highly ____________(desire) destination for food lovers. ③The teacher desired that all the exercises _________________(hand) in before school was over. to be desirable (should)be handed ④既然你渴望学习中国文化，那么我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。(推荐信) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Since you have a strong desire to learn Chinese culture，I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you. (1)have a strong desire to do sth.迫切想要做某事 have a strong desire for sth.渴望得到某物 (2)desire to do sth.渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 desire that...(should) do sth.渴望……(应当)做某事 (3)desirable adj.令人向往的，值得拥有的 [实战贴士]　desire作及物动词时，不用于进行时态。desire意为“希望”，后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。此外，desire作名词时，其后所接主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。 4.lack n．缺乏；短缺(shortage) vt.没有；缺乏(be not enough; have less or little) ①While college graduates complain of a lack ____ available jobs，factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers. ②Although she is rich in knowledge，she is lacking ____ practical experience. ③Though __________ (lack)money，his parents managed to send him to a university. of in lacking ④由于缺乏人类的保护，长江江豚(Yangtze Finless Porpoise)的数量正变得越来越少。(说明文) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ For lack of human protection，the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller. (1)for lack of因缺乏…… a lack of缺乏…… (2)be lacking in缺少…… 5.argue vt.& vi.讨论(discuss)；争论(quarrel)；说服(persuade)；争辩(debate)；论证 ①Some argued that attention ___________________(pay)to our heavy road traffic. ②Heated ______________(argue) and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.[译林必修第一册] (should)be paid arguments ③As our family income decreased，Father argued _____________an increase in our pocket money. ④和他争论这个问题是没有用的，他不会改变自己的观点。 It's no use _______________________________the question for he won't change his opinion. against arguing with him about/over (1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事 argue for/against sth.赞成/反对某事 argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 argue that sb. (should)... 主张……；认为…… (2)argument n．争论；争辩；争吵；论点 have an argument with与……争论/争吵 [归纳拓展]　“说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式： ①persuade sb.to do sth.　②persuade sb.into doing sth.　③convince sb.to do sth.　④talk sb.into doing sth. 6.attach vt.系；绑；贴(fasten，connect，affix)；把……固定(fix)；重视 ①This hospital _______(attach)to the medical college nearby was destroyed in the flood. ②There is a lot of meaning attached ____the colours and decorations at a Chinese wedding. attached to ③他拿出吊床，拴在树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。(读后续写之动作链描写) He took out the hammock，________________________ and lay in it comfortably，listening to his favorite music. attached it to the trees (1)attach...to认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接 attach importance/significance/value to sth. 认为……有重要性/意义/价值 (2)be attached to附属于；依恋 7.carry on 继续做；坚持干(continue doing sth.) ①We must carry ____till success in spite of various challenges and difficulties. ②First of all，the most significant thing is to set a goal，work out a plan and carry____ your plan step by step. ③If you continue working like that，you will break down sooner or later.(升级加黑词汇) →If you __________working like that，you will break down sooner or later. on out carry on carry on with sth./doing sth.继续(做)某事(相当于go on with sth./doing sth.) carry out实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等) carry through使渡过(难关等)；履行；完成 8.result in 导致；造成(lead to) ①As a result _____ the rain，the match was put off. ②I suggested choosing some students to see him on behalf of the whole class._____ a result，they agreed to my advice，and everything went well as planned. ③His failure in the exam resulted from his carelessness. →His carelessness ______________his failure in the exam. of As resulted in result from由……造成；因……而产生 as a result结果 as a result of由于……，作为……的结果 9.run out 用完，耗尽(be used up) ①If they run out ____ certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. ②In the future，care for the environment will become very important as the earth's natural resources run _____． ③I ran ___________one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day. of out across ④由于耗尽了精力和耐心，简放弃了在小溪边散步，然后就睡着了。(读后续写之状况描写) _____________________________________________________________________________________ Running out of energy and patience，Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep. (1)run out of＝use up用完，耗尽 give out耗尽；筋疲力尽 (2)run into撞进；遭遇；达到 run across偶然遇到；穿过 run after追求；追赶，追逐 10.otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句 [教材原句]　Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise.航天员在太空工作时，不得不用胶带把所有的东西固定下来，否则所有的东西都会飘走。 ①我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。 We didn't know you were in trouble at that time，_________________ _______________________． ②我现在没带钱。否则我就借给你一些了。 I have no money on me now.Otherwise，_____________________． ③快点，否则我们会错过末班车。 Hurry up，_________________________________________． otherwise we would have given you a hand I would lend some to you otherwise/or we will miss the last bus (1)otherwise用作连词时，有时表示一种含蓄的虚拟条件，此时其后的句子用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用“would/could have done”；表示对现在的虚拟，其后句子的谓语动词用“would/could do”。 (2)otherwise还常用于句型“祈使句＋otherwise＋陈述句”。 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．When the students on the playground saw the colorful balloons __________(float) in the sky，they became excited. 2．He expressed a strong desire that measures________________ (take) to stop pollution. 3．You should turn with ____ signal；otherwise，you may be at risk sometimes. floating (should) be taken a 4．For lack of enough evidence，the _________(accuse) was allowed to go free. 5．How I regretted arguing _______her about the important question，which made us all unhappy. 6．More and more pollution has resulted ___ many species' dying out. 7．China enjoys a long history and rich culture.It has always been an attraction for those who are keen ____ anything that is Chinese. 8．We have much work to do while we own ______(limit) time to take. accused with in on limited 9．_____ everyone knows，China is a beautiful country with a long history. 10．_____ (give) another chance，I can also work out the problem. As Given 维度2　熟词生义 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although the two young women were strangers before the meet, they've since become friends. Neither won the race，but the display of human kindness won the day. _______ 2．(2023·全国甲卷)She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. ______________________________________ 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.”_________ n.比赛 vt.把……归功于 adj.过世了的 vt.刊登 维度3　一句多译/句式升级 1．如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。 ①If we keep using the water like this，____________________．(run out of) ②If we keep using the water like this，__________________．(run out) ③If we keep using the water like this，___________________．(use up) we will soon run out of it it'll soon run out we will soon use it up 2．我终于说服他戒烟了。 ①____________________________________ (argue) ②___________________________________________________ (persuade) ③_________________________________________ (convince) I argued him out of smoking eventually. I persuaded him out of smoking/to give up smoking eventually. I convinced him to give up smoking eventually. 3．Though Jack was lacking in experience，he made up for it in enthusiasm. →______________________________，Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(省略句) Though lacking in experience 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 提能1　单元话题写作 假定你是李华，你爱好太空探险但是却得不到父母的理解，于是你给英国朋友斯蒂芬(Stephen)发电子邮件进行交流并请求帮助。 根据以上信息及提示补全下面文章。 Dear Stephen， There exists a problem between my parents and me, ①_________ __________________________________________ (使我不可能专心学习；非谓语动词作状语；it作形式宾语). I have no idea how to deal with it so I have to seek your help. making it impossible for me to concentrate on my study ② _________________________________(我对太空探索如此着迷；倒装句) that in my spare time I often go to the library to read something about space exploration. However，this makes my parents very angry because they think ③___________________________ (我的爱好对我的学习有害) sooner or later (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：④________). Thus，they do what they can to ⑤__________________ ____________(阻止我去图书馆).To them，high marks are everything and I should ⑥ _______________________________(花两倍多的时间学习). So crazy about space exploration am I my hobby is harmful to my study in time prevent me from going to the library spend twice more time on my lessons I think healthy hobbies are ⑦ _________(benefit) to our overall development. But I don't think my parents understand me，⑧ _________ upsets me. What shall I do？Can you offer me some suggestions？I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua beneficial which 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 keen adj.热衷的；渴望的 determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望；沮丧 desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 动作描写 leap vi.& vt.跳过；跃过 signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流 lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺 argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论；争吵 provide for sb. 提供生活所需 run out用完；耗尽 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。 和妈妈大吵之后，我重重地摔上门，冲出房子。既失望又沮丧，我感觉自己好像漂浮在无限悲伤的海洋里。后来，我站在一个摊位旁，由于缺钱而叹了口气。摊主注意到了我的窘境，微笑着向我打招呼，示意我坐下。我被感动哭了。摊主微笑着说：“孩子，正是你的妈妈从你出生那天起就一直在为你提供生活所需！”我擦干眼泪，跳了起来，像风一样跑回家。 ________________________________，I stormed out of the house，slamming the door heavily.___________________________ ，I _________________________________________．Later，I stood beside a stand and _______________________．The seller noticed my dilemma，greeted me with a kind smile and ___________________．I was moved to tears.The seller smiled，“Girl，it is your mother _____________________________from when you were born！” I wiped my tears，_________________and ran for home like a wind. Having argued with my mother fiercely Disappointed and frustrated felt like floating in an ocean of limitless sadness sighed for lack of money signaled me to sit down who has been providing for you leapt to my feet [名篇品读] I got to thinking a good deal about that situation.My hopes began to rise high.Without doubt the salary would be large.It would begin in a month；after that I should be all right.Pretty soon I was feeling first-rate.By this time I was tramping the streets again.The sight of a tailor-shop gave me a sharp longing to shed my rags，and to clothe myself decently once more.Could I afford it? No；I had nothing in the world but a million pounds.So I forced myself to go on by.But soon I was drifting back again. —The Million Pound Bank Note 我对那种情况想了很多。我的希望开始高涨。毫无疑问，薪水会很高。一个月后开始，在那之后所有事进入正轨了。很快我就感觉自己是一流的。到这时我又去街上逛了逛，一看到裁缝店，我就强烈地渴望脱掉这身破衣服，重新体面地穿上衣服。我能负担得起吗？不，我一无所有，只有一百万英镑。所以我强迫自己继续前行。但很快我又回到裁缝店。 ——《百万英镑》 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Liu Yang, China's first female astronaut, reportedly, has touched the hearts of millions of people with a letter to her two children that was made public after she set off into space for the second time. Many people said that Liu's words allowed them to see that a national heroine is also an ordinary mother, and they wished for her safe return. “Liu fully expressed her love for her children in the letter.It brought tears to my eyes，” commented one netizen on the Internet. “When I was about to return to the orbital module during the Shenzhou Ⅸ mission, I stopped and turned around to salute(致敬) the experimental space station module that I stayed in.At that moment, I told myself that I would come back to space in the near future.I didn't expect the ‘near future’ to be a decade long，” Liu said. In the letter, she encouraged her children not to be afraid of failure while pursuing their dreams.Liu added that she felt sorry that she could not be there for her son on his first day at primary school.“Although I cannot be with you, I won't love you any less，” she wrote in the letter.“My babies, if you miss me, just look up into the starry sky.Every time you see the stars twinkle, it's because I'm saying ‘I love you’．” 【语篇解读】　中国第一位女航天员刘洋，在第二次进入太空前留给孩子的信感动了数百万人。 2 3 1 4 1．What can we see from Liu's letter? A．Her affection for her children. B．Her indifferent expressions. C．Her determination. D．Her weakness. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Liu fully expressed her love for her children in the letter.”可知，刘洋在信中表达了自己对孩子的爱。 2 3 1 4 2．Which of the following best describes Liu's taking over the Shenzhou ⅪⅤ mission? A．Considerate and excited. B．Talkative and expectant. C．Ready and honest. D．Confident and equipped. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“I feel more confident and relaxed”以及第七段中的“At that moment, I told myself that I would come back to space in the near future.I didn't expect the ‘near future’ to be a decade long”可知，刘洋对这次任务是自信而准备充分的。 2 3 1 4 3．What is Liu's purpose of writing this letter? A．To encourage her kids to try. B．To say goodbye to her children. C．To catch public attention. D．To praise the spirit of space. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“You're my strongest armour and softest spot.I didn't allow you to see me off at the launch site because I was afraid that I would burst into tears”可推知，刘洋不忍心让孩子们为自己送别，所以写这封信的目的是向他们告别。 2 3 1 4 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A science magazine. B．A woman's autobiography. C．A Chinese textbook. D．A news coverage. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 文章出处题。根据第一段“Liu Yang, China's first female astronaut, reportedly, has touched the hearts of millions of people with a letter to her two children that was made public after she set off into space for the second time.”可知，文章最有可能出自新闻报道。 B (2024·山东枣庄二模)Space tourism is the term used to describe space travel for recreational or leisure purposes.What was once only a dream，as described in A Space Odyssey by Arthur C．Clarke，is now becoming a reality. Futurologists attempt to make predictions of what life will be like in the future.After the first man landed on the moon，they thought that hotels would be built on the moon by the year 2000.They also considered the possibility that，in the 21st century，families might go for a holiday on the moon.Neither of these predictions have come true yet—but the rapid development of technology may mean these predictions are possible in the years to come. Space Adventures is currently the only company to have succeeded in sending paying passengers into space.It worked with the Federal Space Agency of Russia and Rocket and Space Corporation Energia to provide flights for the world's first private space explorers.Each paid over $20 million for their 10-day trip to the International Space Station. Following successful explorations into space，other companies are now considering the possibility of enabling tourists to visit space.To make it affordable，suborbital space travel is being considered by some companies，like Virgin Galactic.Passengers would be transported to a height of between 100 km and 160 km above earth，experience 3～6 minutes of weightlessness and a view of the stars，then come back down to earth.This is expected to cost around $200，000 per person. While it could be an enriching experience，there are some disadvantages.Many critics say that a huge growth in the spaceflight industry could drastically speed up the process of global warming.The ozone layer would be damaged further and the polar regions would suffer.In addition，space travel is only really affordable for the super-rich，though Virgin Galactic claims to be “opening space to the rest of us”． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太空旅行发展的可能性及其可能带来的问题。 5 6 7 8 5．What do you know about space tourism? A．It is nothing but a dream. B．It's only in some fairy tales. C．It's a sightseeing tour in space. D．It's a scientific expedition. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Space tourism is the term used to describe space travel for recreational or leisure purposes.”可知，太空旅行是一次太空观光之旅。 5 6 7 8 6．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The future life on the moon. B．The landing on the moon in 1969. C．Predictions about trips to the moon. D．The history of the moon exploration. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 段落大意题。根据第二段“Futurologists attempt to make predictions of what life will be like in the future...they thought that...They also considered...Neither of these predictions...these predictions are possible in the years to come.”可知，本段内容主要是关于对到月球旅行的预测。 5 6 7 8 7．Why is suborbital space travel considered possible? A．It's cheaper.　　　　 B．It's safer. C．It's greener. D．It's convenient. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“...other companies are now considering the possibility of enabling tourists to visit space.To make it affordable，suborbital space travel is being considered by some companies，like Virgin Galactic.”可知，一些公司正在考虑亚轨道太空旅行是因为这样人们才能负担得起。由此可知，亚轨道太空旅行的费用更便宜是亚轨道太空旅行成为可能的原因。 5 6 7 8 8．What is some critics' major concern about space tourism? A．Its safety. B．Environmental effect. C．Social equality. D．Its expense. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While...there are some disadvantages...a huge growth in the spaceflight industry could drastically speed up the process of global warming.The ozone layer would be damaged further and the polar regions would suffer.”可知，航天工业发展会大大加快全球变暖，破坏臭氧层，使极地地区受损，所以批评家们主要担心太空旅行对环境造成的影响。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 【语篇解读】　本文主要论述了“失败不可怕，反而是通往成功的平台”这一观点。 (2023·浙江绍兴期末)Medicine is a degree that consists of an endless number of exams，and recently I received my first year results.Waiting for those results was one of the most anxiety-generating experiences. 1 Failing brings judgement from others，a topic of discussion for people，and the right for others to say you don't have enough capacity.The stress associated with failing is created by others around you，rather than by the event itself. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Failure is your platform to success. B．You are guaranteed a lifetime of success. C．I was turned down by countless graduate schemes. D．You may not be successful the first，second or however many times. E．Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of the failure itself. F．Despite all of this，I ended up getting a distinction in my master's degree. G．However，they will rarely see how many times his investments have failed. 答案：E 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文的“Waiting for those...anxiety-generating experiences.”和下文的“Failing brings judgement...have enough capacity.”可知，上文提到等待结果的过程让人很焦虑，下文分析了失败会带来什么样的结果，所以空处内容应该会讲到焦虑的原因是害怕失败。故选项E承上启下，符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 I have recently been reading The Psychology of Money，which clarifies that failure has the strong presence among those who have achieved success.People will always focus on the success of an investor. 2 1 2 3 4 5 A．Failure is your platform to success. B．You are guaranteed a lifetime of success. C．I was turned down by countless graduate schemes. D．You may not be successful the first，second or however many times. E．Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of the failure itself. F．Despite all of this，I ended up getting a distinction in my master's degree. G．However，they will rarely see how many times his investments have failed. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 分析语境寻线索：根据上文的“People will always ...of an investor.”可推知，接下来会讲到投资者也有投资失败的时候→对比选项定答案：选项G“然而，他们很少会看到他的投资已经失败了多少次”符合语境。选项中的they指代上文的people。 1 2 3 4 5 The process of achieving success has often involved setbacks and“failures”along the way.I received a“pass”grade on an important research paper during my master's year，which put my final grade in a dangerous situation.I was rejected by medical schools which I'd spent time and effort applying to and preparing for. 3 I also began studying medicine last year. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Failure is your platform to success. B．You are guaranteed a lifetime of success. C．I was turned down by countless graduate schemes. D．You may not be successful the first，second or however many times. E．Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of the failure itself. F．Despite all of this，I ended up getting a distinction in my master's degree. G．However，they will rarely see how many times his investments have failed. 答案：F 1 2 3 4 5 分析语境寻线索：根据上文的“I was rejected...and preparing for.”和下文的“I also began studying medicine last year.”可知，上文提到作者曾经的失败经历，下文提到他也开始学习医学，所以空处内容应承上启下→对比选项定答案：选项F“尽管如此，我还是在攻读硕士学位期间获得了优异成绩”符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 4 But you should know that with each failure you are closer to success，building further layers to the foundations you started.Behind every successful person are more obstacles and setbacks，but these are not as interesting to focus on or as enviable. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Failure is your platform to success. B．You are guaranteed a lifetime of success. C．I was turned down by countless graduate schemes. D．You may not be successful the first，second or however many times. E．Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of the failure itself. F．Despite all of this，I ended up getting a distinction in my master's degree. G．However，they will rarely see how many times his investments have failed. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 根据下文的“But you should...foundations you started.”可知，但是你应该知道每一次的失败都会让你离成功更近。再结合but可知，空处与下文内容构成转折关系。选项D“你可能第一次、第二次或无论多少次都不成功”符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 The noise around you，whether it is from co-workers，friends or parents，should not shake your belief in your abilities. 5 Learn what you need and correct your approach until you reach your success. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Failure is your platform to success. B．You are guaranteed a lifetime of success. C．I was turned down by countless graduate schemes. D．You may not be successful the first，second or however many times. E．Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of the failure itself. F．Despite all of this，I ended up getting a distinction in my master's degree. G．However，they will rarely see how many times his investments have failed. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 根据语境和下文的“Learn what you...reach your success.”可知，空处内容应讲到失败与成功的关系。故选项A“失败是你通往成功的平台”符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ.应用文写作 随着知识经济的发展，我们的社会越来越需要“全能型人才”。假定你是李华，请你代表学校英文社团写一封倡议书，主题为“To Be an All-round Student”。 写作要点： 1．提出倡议的背景； 2．倡议的内容； 3.提出呼吁。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 参考词汇：all-round talents 全能型人才 To Be an All-round Student Dear boys and girls， ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The English Club [参考范文] To Be an All-round Student Dear boys and girls， With the development of knowledge economy，it is necessary that we should strive to be an all-round senior high school student. We are supposed to do whatever we can do to improve ourselves from all aspects.Firstly，be physically and mentally healthy，which lays a solid foundation for our study and life.Secondly，we must hold an active attitude towards study，forming a good learning habit.Furthermore，while studying hard，we should attach great importance to the innovation consciousness and practical ability. For the benefit of our future development，let's take immediate actions from now on. The English Club $$