必修第二册 UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版2019）

UNIT 1　CULTURAL HERITAGE 必修第二册 (主题语境：人与社会——文化遗产) 【话题词汇】 【话题佳句】 1．Heritage is the shared wealth of mankind.遗产是人类共有的财富。 2．Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. 为了全人类的利益，遗产保护是当务之急。 3．History and culture are the soul of a city and people should cherish the city's historical and cultural heritage as their own lives. 历史和文化是一个城市的灵魂，人们要像珍惜自己的生命一样珍惜城市的历史和文化遗产。 4．It is each citizen's duty to protect heritage. 保护遗产是每一个公民的责任。 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆单词 五级词汇 likely adj.[常与more，most 连用]可能的adv.[常与most，more，very 连用]可能地 　be likely to do sth.可能做某事 limit vt.限制；限定n.[C]限度，限制；极限 　limit...to将……限制在(某范围内) opinion n．[C]看法，意见，想法；主张(view) 　in my opinion在我看来 prevent vt.防止，预防；阻止，阻挠，阻碍 　prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.阻止/不准某人/某物做某事 quality n．[C]&[U]质量；[C]品质，素质；特征adj.优质的，高质量的 　(be) of good/high/poor quality质量好/差 within prep. & adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内 四级词汇 application n．[C] & [U]应用(程序)(缩略为app)；运用，用途；申请(表)(v. apply) attempt v．试图，尝试，企图n.[C]&[U]试图，尝试，努力 　attempt to do sth.尝试做某事 　make an attempt to do sth.尝试做某事 balance n．[U][常用单数]平衡，均匀vt. & vi.(使)平稳，(使)保持平衡；(使)均衡；权衡 　keep balance保持平衡 conduct vt.[正式用语]组织，实施；带领；安排n.[U][正式用语]行为，举止 (behaviour)；管理方法 　conduct an experiment/a survey进行实验/展开调查 contribute vi. & vt.捐献，捐助，贡献；造成/促使(某事发生)；投(稿) 　contribute (sth.) to向……贡献(某物) contribution n．[C]捐款，捐赠，贡献；稿件 　make a contribution to对……作出贡献 department n．[C]部，司，科，系 digital adj.数码的；数字显示的 disappear vi.灭绝，消亡；消失(n. disappearance) document n．[C]文件，公文；(计算机)文档vt.记录，记载(详情) entrance n．[C]入口；[常用单数]进入；入场 forever adv.永远，长久地 forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt.& vi.原谅，宽恕vt.对不起，请原谅 　forgive sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做)某事 further adv.[far的比较级]进一步；更远 image n．[C]&[U]影像；形象；印象 issue n．[C]重要议题，争论的问题；(报刊的)号，版次vt.宣布，公布；(正式)发给；供给 　issue a passport/visa签发护照/签证 loss n．[U]损失；丧失 　(be) at a loss困惑，不知所措 mirror n．[C]镜子；[用单数](真实的)写照(reflection)vt.反映；映照(reflect) process n．[C]过程；进程；步骤vt.处理；加工 　in the process of在……的过程中 professional adj.专业的；职业的n.[C]专业人员；职业选手 promote vt.促进(encourage)；[常用于被动语态]提升，晋级；推销 roof n．[C](pl. roofs)顶部，屋顶 throughout prep.各处；遍及，自始至终adv.到处；始终 tradition n．[C]&[U]传统，传统的信仰或风俗 三级词汇 clue n．[C]线索，提示 comparison n．[C]&[U]比较；相比(v. compare) 　by comparison with与……相比 establish vt.建立，创立，设立(set up)；确定 former adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的 fund n．[C][pl.]资金；基金；专款 historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的(n. history) identify vt.确认，找到；认出 mount n．(缩写为Mt)[用于山名前，其前不用冠词]山峰vt.爬上；骑上vi.爬；登上 overseas adj.海外的adv.在海外 sheet n．[C]一张(纸)；床单，被单 二级词汇 committee n．[C][集体名词]委员会 contrast n．[C]&[U]对比，对照vt.对照，对比 　by/in contrast相比之下 creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地(adj. creative) donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠，赠送；献(血) 　donate...to...向……捐赠…… download vt.下载n.[C]下载；已下载的数据资料 exit n．[C]出口，通道；[常用单数]退场，退出vi. & vt.离开，出去，退场；退出(电脑程序) heritage n．[U][常用单数]遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色) investigate vi. & vt.调查；研究 preserve vt.保护，保存；维持n.[C]保护区 proposal n．[C]&[U]提议，建议(v. propose) 　make a proposal (for)(为……)提出建议/方案 protest n．[C]&[U]抗议vi. & vt.(公开)反对，抗议 　protest against (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 quote n．[C]引语，引文(quotation)vt.引用 worthwhile adj.值得做的，值得花时间的 ◆短语 lead to导致 make sure确保，设法保证 give way to让步，屈服 work on从事 raise funds筹款 turn to...(for help)向……求助 take down拆卸，拆除 bring together把……聚到一起 run over(车辆)撞倒，碾过 work together通力合作 必背句式 It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.做某事是值得花时间/精力的 not only...but (also)...不但……而且…… I beg your pardon, but...对不起，但是…… Forgive me for asking, but...不好意思打扰您，但是…… Excuse me，could you please tell me about...？打扰一下，您能告诉我关于……吗？ 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.核心词块 1．________ a good relationship建立良好关系 2．the last remaining ________ of the town小镇仅存的遗迹 3． _____ a protest/campaign/an exhibition 发起抗议/运动；举办展览 4． ________ one's reputation维护自己的名声 establish relic mount preserve 5． ________ of blood 失血 6． ________ minutes of the call打电话后几分钟内 7． ___________ the effects of diet on fighting cancer研究饮食的抗癌作用 8．a key/sensitive/controversial ______ 一个关键的/敏感的/有争议的问题 9． ____________ an experiment/an inquiry/a survey 组织一个实验/询问/调查 loss within investigate issue conduct 10．save the __________ before closing it在关闭文档前先行保存 11．a long and painful __________ 漫长而艰难的历程 12．study _________ 出国留学 13．the emergency ___ 紧急出口 14．_________ me for interrupting 请原谅我打岔 15．a _________ camera 数码照相机 document process overseas exit forgive digital 16．improve the company's _______ 改善公司的形象 17．______________ the world遍及世界 18．be of good/poor/top ___________质量好/次/上乘 19．________improvement更进一步的改善 20．a ___________ building/monument 有历史意义的建筑/纪念碑 image throughout quality further historic Ⅱ.变形词汇 1．______ vt.创造；创作；造成→ ___________ adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→___________ adv.创造性地；有创造力地→___________ n．创造；创作；创建 2．___________ vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区→ ___________ n. 保留，保存 create creative creatively creation preserve preservation 3．___________ vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→ _____________ n. 提升；促销；晋级 4．_____________ n．应用(程序)；用途；申请(表)；运用→ _________ vt.& vi.应用；申请→___________ n．申请人；求职人 5．___________ v．建议；提议→___________ n．提议；建议 promote promotion application apply applicant propose proposal 6．__________ n．职业；专业→ ____________ adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业选手→ ____________ n．教授；(大学)教师 7．___________ n．入口；进入→ ___________ vt.进入 8．___________ vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿→ ___________ n．贡献；捐款；捐赠 9．________ n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→__________ adj.传统的 10．________ vt.确认；识别；鉴别；认出；找到→ ___________ n．辨认；鉴定→___________ n．身份 profession professional professor entrance enter contribute contribution tradition traditional identify identification identity Ⅲ.拓展词汇 1．形似意异的一组词 ①serve v．服务；招待；伺候 ②deserve v．值得；应受 ③preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区 ④reserve vt.预定；保留n.保留；自然保护区 2．各种建造、建立 ①found vt.建立；创立；创办 ②establish v．创立；建立；确立 ③compose vt.创作；组成 ④construct vt.建造；构筑 ⑤build vt.建造；开发；创建 ⑥create v．创造；造成 ⑦put up 建造；搭建 ⑧set up建立；树立 Ⅳ.重点短语 1．____________activities 参加活动 2．____________a young 让位于一名年轻人 3．_________________ on the icy path在结冰的道路上保持身体平衡 4．___________ an accident 导致一次事故 5．________________ on how to use renewable energy就如何利用再生能源提出建议 take part in give way to keep one's balance lead to make a proposal 6．_______________ to reform the approaches to learning尝试改革学习方法 7．__________ paper 一张纸 8．_________ the teacher for help向老师寻求帮助 9．______ such things ________ happening again阻止这类事情再次发生 10．___________ all mobile phones are switched off确保所有的手机关闭 make an attempt a sheet of turn to prevent from make sure 11．be ____________ to succeed更有可能成功 12．_________ books ____ the local library 向当地图书馆捐书 13．_________the world在世界各地 14．______________ 在我看来 15．__________________ other European countries 与欧洲其他国家相比 16．______________ the city life与城市生活形成对比 more likely donate to all over in my opinion by comparison with in contrast to Ⅴ.课文佳句 1．_________________________________________________，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.(There comes a time when...……的时代已经到来) 新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 There comes a time when the old must give way to the new 2．A committee was established ______________ the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.(不定式表示目的) (联合国)成立了一个委员会，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物的损失。 3．________________it's a mirror that can tell right from wrong！(It's said that...据说……) 据说，这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子！ to limit damage to It is said that 4．________________________________________________________________________________can be a big challenge.(动词-ing形式作主语) 在社会进步与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。 Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites 5．__________________________________，but Chen Lei's photos can help us remember them.(neither...nor...既不……也不……) 人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住他们。 Neither people nor buildings last forever 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great ____________ (contribute) to society. 2．As we all know，the police are responsible for the ______________ (preserve) of law and order. contributions preservation 3．(2021·浙江1月卷)When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child，he saw a lady standing in the ____________ (enter). 4．They also shared with us many __________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists. 5．The __________ (lose) of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. entrance traditional loss Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．As a matter of fact，___________________________________ (他的粗心导致了他考试的失败). 2．I often _____________________________________(向同学或老师求助). 3．After a long argument，we didn't ____________________________ (彼此让步). his carelessness led to his failure in the exam turn to my classmates or teachers for help give way to each other 4．The findings may be important to ____________________(世界各地的人们)，especially those living in highly polluted areas. 5．The committee ____________________________________(做出了减少时间限制的提议). people all over the world made a proposal to reduce the time limit Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．青少年在网上学英语的时代到来了。 ______________________teenagers learn English on the Internet. 2．(2022·全国甲卷)海洋不仅为我们提供了足够的食物，而且还维持了自然的平衡。(倒装) _________________________________________，but also it maintains the balance of nature. There comes a time when Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food 3．据说，我们的对手很棒，所以从明天开始，我们队每天放学后都要训练以赢得比赛。 __________________________________________，so our team will be trained every day after school from tomorrow to win the game. It is said that our opponent is great 4．在我看来，在我们老师的帮助下，我们把定期组织一些课外活动设为一项规定会更好。(复合结构) In my opinion，it is better to ______________that we organize some after-class activities regularly with the help of our teachers. make it a rule 核心考点 互动探究 1.preserve vt.保存；保护；维持(keep from loss; retain qualities) n．保护区(a conservation area) ①Social activities usually preserve old people _______the loneliness of old age. ②Some suggestions are made at the meeting that these traditional customs _______________________(preserve) and handed down one generation after another. from (should)be preserved ③我们呼吁政府建立更多的自然保护区以保护濒危动物免于灭绝。(野生动物保护) We appeal to the government to_________________________________ _____________________________________． build more nature preserves to preserve endangered animals from/against dying out (1)preserve...from/against...保护……免受…… well-preserved保存良好的 (2)nature preserve自然保护区　 [实战贴士]　preserve的形近词reserve意为“保留；储备”，表示意见、看法等的“保留”或座位等的“预订”。 2.balance n．平衡；均衡；余额，结存 vt.使平衡 ①Before making the final decision，you'd better balance the advantages __________the disadvantages. ②Keeping a __________(balance)diet is of great importance，especially for teens who are growing up. ③保持学习与社会生活之间的平衡是很重要的，因此你最好加入这个队伍。(建议信) ________________________________________________________________________________ against balanced It is very important to keep a balance between study and social life，so you'd better join the team. (1)keep/lose/break (one's) balance保持/失去/打破平衡 (2)balance...against...权衡……与…… (3)balanced adj.平衡的；和谐的　 3.likely adj.可能的(probable) adv.可能地(probably) ①People who are low in confidence may be more likely ______(seek) their peers' approval by going along with risky suggestions.[北师大选择性必修第一册] ②I have learned that Mr.Brown disagrees with you.Your suggestion is ___________(likely) to be accepted under present condition. to seek unlikely ③If you grow up in a large family，you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. →If you grow up in a large family，_______________________you develop the ability to get on well with others. it is more likely that (1)sb./sth.be likely to do sth.某人/某物很可能做某事 It's likely that...很可能…… (2)unlikely adj.不太可能的 be unlikely to...不可能……　 4.limit n．限度；限制(line or point that cannot be passed) vt.限制；限定(restrict) ①Set a limit __ the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it. ②Life is ___________(limit)，but there is no limit to _______(serve) the people. ③文章的长度应限制在400词以内。(参赛短文) _________________________________________________ to limited serving The length of the article should be limited to 400 words. (1)limit...to...把……限制在……内 (2)beyond the limit超过限度 set a limit to...对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to对……是有限的/无限的 (3)limited adj.有限的，受限制的 limitless adj.无限的；无尽的 5.contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助 (give sth.，especially money or goods，to help sb./sth.)；投稿 ①Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some _______________(contribute) to the class. ②Every citizen should make contributions to ___________(protect) the environment. contributions protecting ③I'd like to think I can do some work that will_______________ ______________________________________(促进国际合作与理解). ④如果你想给我们的报纸投稿，请在截止日期前把你的文章发给我。(约稿信) _________________________________________________________________________________________ contribute to international cooperation and understanding If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline. (1)contribute...to...把……捐献给……；为……撰写…… contribute to有助于；导致；投稿 (2)contribution n．捐献；贡献；捐赠 make a contribution/contributions to对……做出贡献 6.attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试(try) ①He attempted _______(get) in touch with them but failed. ②Jim had prepared carefully for his driving test so that he could be sure of passing it ____ the first attempt. ③The man was being questioned about the ____________(attempt) murder last night. ④我抓起一块石头，瞄准那头熊，试图把它吓走。 __________________________________________________________ to get at attempted I seized a stone and aimed it at the bear，attempting to scare it away. (1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事 at the first attempt第一次尝试 (2)attempt to do sth.＝try/seek to do sth.尝试做某事；企图做某事 (3)attempted adj.未遂的 [实战贴士]　attempt to do sth.和try/seek to do sth.一样，强调的是努力做某事的过程，不一定成功；而manage to do sth.则表示“设法做成某事”，强调结果。 7.worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的(important, interesting or rewarding enough to spend the time, money) ①She is an ordinary woman but she is well worth __________(respect). ②The young man is worthy to ___________(teach). ③This article is well _______ reading，but it is not ________of being translated.So I feel that all your effort isn't _____________．(worth) ④没有值得一提的事情。(读后续写之心理描写) _____________________________________ respecting be taught worth worthy worthwhile There is nothing worthy of mention. (1)It's worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.做某事是值得的 (2)be worthy of sth./being done/to be done值得(做)…… [实战贴士]　worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。 8.take part in参与(某事)；参加(某活动) (participate in) 选词填空(take part in/join in) ①Even though not everyone should____________，can you pack and join us in camping? ②I will _______________an important meeting，which is to be held in Beijing next week. join in take part in ③我和我的一些同学对比赛非常感兴趣，因此我们组织了一个小组来参加比赛。(叙事，倒装) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ So interested in the competition are some of my classmates and I that we have formed a group to take part in it. take an active part in积极参加 join in参加；加入 [实战贴士]　(1)join in 短语中的in既可以作介词，后面直接跟宾语，也可以作副词，后面不接宾语。 (2)take part in短语中的in是介词，必须接宾语，如没有宾语，则去掉in。 9.turn to向……求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅(consult)；转向；从事于 ①Whenever I have difficulty with my English study，Mr.Liu is the one that I will turn ____ first. 写出下列句中turn to的含义 ②Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.__________ to 向……求助 ③If you turn to Page 40，you will find it.______ ④More and more people turn to computer science.________ ⑤Their talk turned to the change that had happened.______ ⑥You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading._______ 翻到 从事于 转向 查阅 turn down调小(音量等)；拒绝 turn away拒绝……入内；把……打发走 turn up出现；露面；调大(音量等) turn out证明是；结果是；生产；出席 turn over打翻；翻身；移交 10.There comes a time when...“……的时代已经到来” [教材原句]　There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 ①He lived in a time______ the blind couldn't get much education. ②到了我们必须采取进一步措施来阻止许多濒临灭绝的物种消失的时候了。 __________________________we must take further measures to prevent many endangered species form disappearing. when There comes a time when ③我清楚地记得，曾经有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花从未令我心醉神迷过。(环境描写) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 与time相关的常用句式： (1)There are times when...有……的时候 (2)It/This/That/There was a time when...曾经一度(那时)…… (3)It be＋时间点＋when从句，表示“某个时间发生了某事”。　 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it ____________ (establish) properly. 2．The _____________(apply) of new technologies helps to protect classic music. 3．People who appreciate others' efforts are more likely ____________ (regard) as respectable people. is established application to be regarded 4．The group asked for __________________(contribute) from different departments and raised funds within the international community. 5．In my opinion，the way he conducts _____________(him) reflects the family where he lives. contributions himself 6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Last year it recovered more than 807，500 pounds of food by taking ______________(donate) and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. 7．If you fail ____the first attempt，there is no need to care about that. 8．___________________ (forgive) for the past is the most precious gift we can receive. donations at Being forgiven 维度2　熟词生义 1．(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. _______ ____________ 2．Many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound. _____________ n.照片 v．拍照，拍摄 n.专业人员 3．Competition from investors，developers，and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers._____________ adj.著名的 维度3　一句多译/句式升级 1．如果你继续吸烟，你的身体健康有可能会受到损害。(likely) ①_________________ you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. ②You ________________suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. It is likely that are likely to 2．张先生拍摄的那部电影很值得一看。 ①________________________________________________ (worth) ②_________________________________________________ (worthy) ③________________________________________________ (worthy) ④_____________________________________________________ (worthwhile) The film produced by Mr.Zhang is well worth seeing. The film produced by Mr.Zhang is well worthy of being seen. The film produced by Mr.Zhang is well worthy to be seen. It is well worthwhile seeing/to see the film produced by Mr.Zhang. 3．The sun not only gives us light but it also gives us heat. →_______________________________ but it also gives us heat.(倒装句) 4．Care of the soul is a gradual process and even the small details of life should be considered in it. →Care of the soul is a gradual process___________________________ _____________________．(定语从句) Not only does the sun give us light in which even the small details of life should be considered 5．To finish building the dam took the workers almost three years. →______________________________________to finish building the dam.(it作形式主语) It took the workers almost three years 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 提能1　单元话题写作 当下，越来越多的文化遗产面临消失的危险。文化遗产对我们来说十分重要，我们应该做些事情去保护文化遗产。请就以上问题向你的同学发出倡议。 根据以上信息及提示补全下面文章。 Nowadays, more and more cultural relics are facing the danger of ① ________________(disappear). So ②_________________________ _______________________(到了我们应该积极参与……的时候了；time句式；take part in) solving the problems and try our best to protect them. disappearing it's high time that we should take an active part in On the one hand, cultural relics represent our historic cultures, ③ ______________________________________(它们给我们提供了一个很好的机会；定语从句) to learn about what happened in the past. On the other hand, they can help us ④ ______________________________ _________(使我们的传统文化传承下去；make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) from generation to generation. In my opinion, it's our duty to protect (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：⑤_____________ ) cultural relics. which offer us a great opportunity/chance make our traditional cultures handed down preserve All in all, we should not only take action right now, but also (用倒装句升级黑体部分：⑥____________________________________ ____________) call on more people to work together to make a difference. not only should we take action right now, but also we should 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 at a loss不知所措；茫然 动作描写 protest vi.& vt.(公开)反对；抗议 identify vt.确认；认出；找到 establish vt.建立；创立 preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 conduct vt.组织；安排；带领；举止 n．行为；举止；管理方法 attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试 forgive vt.& vi.原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅 proposal n．提议；建议→propose vt.提议；建议 prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠 disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。 我们的爱犬波比(Poppy)也茫然失措，举止不像往常。波比整日愁眉苦脸，我们非常担心她。为了阻止她受到伤害，我们尝试使她高兴起来，但是她抗议我们的每次尝试。最终，我建议给波比再要一只小狗。看到自己又有了玩伴，波比开心地笑了，温柔地叫着，高兴地直摇尾巴。她抑郁的情绪最终消失了。波比和小狗立即建立了友谊。 Our beloved dog，Poppy，______________ and ______________ __________as usual.Poppy frowned and grieved all day long and we were concerned about her very much.__________________________ ，we ________________________________．But she ______________ _________________．Finally，I _____________we get a little dog for Poppy.Seeing that she had a playmate again，Poppy smiled happily，barked gently and wagged her tail ______________________．Her gloomy moods ________________________．Poppy and the little dog ________________________________． was also at a loss didn't conduct herself To prevent her from being hurt made every attempt to cheer her up protested against our every attempt proposed that cheerfully and constantly finally disappeared established a friendship immediately [名篇品读] At first，Tom and Becky had walked with the other children around the rooms of the caves，but soon they'd become tired of playing with them and so they decided to walk to other parts on their own.When they found a little waterfall，Tom walked behind it and held his light there so Becky could see the water clearly.But while he was behind the waterfall，Tom found a hole that led to another part of the cave he'd never seen before.When he told Becky about this，she seemed interested.So he put a mark on the wall to help them find their way back and they started down into the hole.As they walked，Tom kept making marks on the wall.Soon they found themselves in a large room with bats hanging from the ceiling.As soon as they entered，the bats started flying about，screaming. —The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 起初，汤姆和贝基及其他孩子在洞穴的房间里散步，但很快他们就累了。于是他们决定自己走到其他地方。当他们发现一个小瀑布时，汤姆走到瀑布后面，把灯放在那里，以便贝基能清楚地看到水。但是当他在瀑布后面时，汤姆发现了一个洞，通向他以前从未见过的洞穴的另一部分。当他告诉贝基这件事时，她似乎很感兴趣，于是他在墙上做了一个记号，以便他们能循着记号回来，然后他们开始往洞里钻。他们前行时，汤姆不停地在墙上做记号。很快，他们发现自己在一个大房间里，天花板上挂着蝙蝠。他们一进门，蝙蝠就开始尖叫着四处飞蹿。 ——《汤姆·索亚历险记》 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later.Roman builders built thick concrete sea barriers against waves.Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders constructed walls against foreign enemies. A growing number of scientists have been studying materials since a long time ago.They are breaking apart pieces of buildings and reading historical texts hoping to learn how they have stood for thousands of years.The research has turned up a surprising list of materials that were mixed into old buildings.They include tree bark, volcanic ash, rice and beer.These unexpected materials can have the ability to get stronger over time.Figuring out how to copy these features can have real impacts today.While some of our modern concrete has the strength to hold up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannot compete with the durability of these ancient materials. Many scientists have turned to the Romans.Starting around 200 BCE, the Roman Empire was building concrete structures that have stood the test of time.Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures for ages, you will find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2, 000 years ago.They think they have found an important reason why some Roman concrete has held up structures for thousands of years.That the ancient materials have an unusual power to restore themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they form is the most shocking for them.Exactly how is not yet clear, but scientists are starting to find the reasons. Today's builders cannot just copy the ancient processes.Even though Roman concrete lasted a long time, it couldn't hold up heavy buildings.Instead, researchers are trying to take some of the ancient materials and add them into modern mixes.People don't need to make things last quite as long as the Romans did.If we add 50 or 100 years to concrete's lifespan, we'll surely require less pulling down, less maintenance and less material in the long run. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上一些古代建筑至今屹立不倒的材料方面的原因。 2 3 1 4 1．What were the mentioned Roman and Chinese buildings both used for? A．Defence.　　　　　　　 B．Travel. C．Soldier training. D．Seawater control. 答案：A 细节理解题。第一段提到的古代罗马的海堤和古代中国的城墙分别是用来抵御海浪和外敌的。 2 3 1 4 2．Which word can best describe the ancient buildings? A．Energy-efficient. B．Long-lasting. C．Delicate. D．Flexible. 答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第五句可知，这些古代建筑很结实并且耐久性强，可以支撑数千年。 2 3 1 4 3．What surprises the scientists most about the ancient building materials? A．Their large cracks. B．Their clear concrete. C．Their internal structures. D．Their self-repairing ability. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，让科学家们最震惊的是这些古老的建筑材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在出现裂缝时自我修复。 2 3 1 4 4．What is the author's attitude to the future concrete? A．Tolerant. B．Expectant. C．Suspicious. D．Indifferent. 答案：B 观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定会需要更少的拆除、维护工作和更少的材料。由此可知，作者对未来的混凝土充满期待。 B (2023·湖北黄石一模)Throughout history，many of the world's greatest artists never achieved tremendous fame until after their death.That's the case of Vivian Maier，who's now considered to be one of the most important American street photographers of the last century，alongside famous names like Diane Arbus and Henri Cartier-Bresson.But she remained unknown for much of her life，and it was only a chance encounter with a box of negatives that put her in the spotlight. Details of her life are unclear，but she was born in New York City in the 1920s to European parents.Maier grew up in France before returning to the U．S.，where she spent several decades working as a nanny in Chicago to wealthy families.During her days off, Maier is thought to have taken more than 100，000 photographs of people and city scenes in Chicago，yet she kept the photos to herself—many of them were never developed. In 2007，a Chicago historian and collector，John Maloof，came across Maier's work by accident after purchasing a box of tens of thousands of undeveloped negatives for $380 at auction(拍卖).As he developed them，Maloof realized they were more than just photos.He was looking at evocative (唤起回忆的) art illustrating the Chicago of the mid-20th century that nobody had ever seen.Maloof worked to uncover who the photographer was，acquiring more and more of her work.But before he could locate her，Maier had already passed away in 2009，having slipped on ice and never recovering from her head injury. While Maloof researched Maier's work，more details emerged.She kept to herself，her employers said，and she would spend her free days taking photos on the streets of Chicago with a Rolleiflex camera.According to Maloof，the children Maier took care of knew she was constantly taking photos，yet she never showed her photos to anyone.Maier also traveled around the world，as is indicated by some of her photos. Other collectors began to acquire Maier's photos，but Maloof owns much of her work.He released a book, Vivian Maier：Street Photographer，in 2011，and his documentary，Finding Vivian Maier，came out in 2013. 【语篇解读】　Vivian Maier在芝加哥给富人做了几十年保姆。在此期间，她拍摄了十万多张照片，这些照片展示了20世纪中期芝加哥的样子，具有艺术和历史价值，但她的名字却鲜为人知。一个偶然的机会，历史学家John Maloof发现了Vivian的作品，并试图找到她。但直到她去世后，Vivian才声名鹊起。 5 6 7 8 5．Which word can be used to describe Vivian's life? A．Risky. B．Wealthy. C．Mysterious. D．Miserable. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But she remained unknown for much of her life”可知，她生前基本上鲜为人知；根据第四段中的“She kept to herself...Rolleiflex camera.”可知，她喜欢独处，空闲时便用Rolleiflex相机拍照。据此可推知，她是一个神秘的人。 5 6 7 8 6．What do we know about Vivian Maier? A．She was born in France. B．She never developed her photos. C．She enjoyed great fame in her life. D．She took photos of Chicago and other cities. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During her days off ...scenes in Chicago”可知，她在休息期间拍摄了许多芝加哥街头的风景照；根据第四段中的“Maier also traveled ...of her photos.”可知，从她拍摄的照片中可知，她还曾环游世界。据此可知，她拍摄了芝加哥和其他城市的照片。 5 6 7 8 7．What did Maloof do after he found Maier's photos? A．He approached Maier's former employers. B．He managed to meet the artist in the flesh. C．He released a collection of Maier's work. D．He purchased more developed negatives. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“While Maloof researched ...with a Rolleiflex camera.”可知，当Maloof研究Vivian的作品时，更多的细节浮出水面；她的雇主说，她喜欢独处，在空闲的日子里，她会在芝加哥的街道上用Rolleiflex相机拍照。据此可推知，Maloof在发现Vivian拍摄的照片后找到了她之前的雇主。 5 6 7 8 8．What can be inferred about Vivian Maier's photos? A．They were presented to her employers. B．They were meant to earn her a fortune. C．They were taken by a professional artist. D．They were of artistic and historical value. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He was looking...had ever seen.”可知，她拍摄的照片展示了20世纪中期芝加哥的样子，这些照片是唤起回忆的艺术。再结合最后一段内容可知，她拍摄的照片具有艺术价值和历史价值。 Ⅱ.完形填空 For almost every traveler, culture shock is unavoidable.But culture shock isn't always a 1 thing.It can be an indication that you're growing.The new 2 stretch your mind about the world—different languages, cultures and customs are just a few ways a travel culture shock can 3 ．If you're able to 4 the culture shock, then you will be open to 5 these foreign experiences. When I traveled to Egypt, I knew neither their language nor what to expect.All I 6 was it's conservative.When I landed, I really felt as though I'd been 7 to another world.The biggest shock for me was the lack of 8 on the road, horses on the side transporting goods, three people 9 on a one-person motorcycle, four lanes but six cars crowding in—anything 10 ！ On the first night, something frightening happened.A very loud 11 voice went off at midnight.I felt 12 for the first few seconds until I realized it was the adhan.I then got used to it and admired the locals for the way they 13 their time to ensure they could complete the adhan. As a woman, another 14 of mine was ensuring I followed the Egyptian dress styles and dressed 15 ．No matter how conservative my dress was though, I couldn't help but stand out, especially with my bright red hair! 【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述了作者去埃及旅游时的见闻和所受到的文化冲击。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1．A.common B．simple C．pleasant D．bad 答案：D 文化冲击不可避免，但它并不总是一件坏事。 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 13 14 15 2．A.indicators B．breakthroughs C．experiences D．policies 答案：C 不同的语言、文化和习俗是新的体验。 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 13 14 15 3．A.change B．exist C．continue D．spread 答案：B 不同的语言、文化和习俗是文化冲击存在的几种方式。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 4．A.adapt to B．mark out C．take in D．focus on 答案：A 如果你能适应文化冲击，就可以享受这些在外国的体验。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 5．A.sharing B．remembering C．enjoying D．recording 答案：C 见上题解析。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 6．A.imagined B．knew C．needed D．wanted 答案：B 作者只知道埃及太保守了。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 7．A.invited B．related C．attached D．transported 答案：D 当作者下飞机的时候，她感觉自己被送到了另外一个世界。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 8．A.signs B．vehicles C．rules D．lights 答案：C 让作者震惊的是，道路上没有交通规则。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 9．A.relaxing B．arguing C．riding D．acting 答案：C 三人违反交规坐在一辆单人摩托车上。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 10．A.went B．disappeared C．stopped D．dragged 答案：A anything went意为“什么都行”。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 11．A.foreign B．familiar C．gentle D．nervous 答案：A 作者半夜听到很响的外国人的声音。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 12．A.disappointed B．terrified C．bored D．embarrassed 答案：B 作者半夜听到很大的声音，感觉到很害怕。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 13．A.ignored B．limited C．shortened D．arranged 答案：D 作者佩服当地人安排时间的方式。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 14．A.fear B．pity C．advantage D．secret 答案：A 作者担心自己是否依照了埃及的服装风格，是否穿着得体了。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 15．A.casually B．unnaturally C．respectfully D．fashionably 答案：C 见上题解析。 $$