必修第一册 UNIT 1 TEENAGE LIFE-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版2019）

UNIT 1　TEENAGE LIFE 必修第一册 (主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习) 【话题词汇】 【话题佳句】 1．Today is the start of a new term，the start of a three-year journey and the start of a promising future.今天是新学期的开始，是一段三年旅程的开端，是一个锦绣前程的起点。 2．Feeling excited and a little nervous，I stepped into my new classroom where some of my new classmates had already been.感到兴奋又有点儿紧张，我走进了新教室，我的一些新同学已经在那儿了。 3．As a teenager，I often ask myself what I'm going to be in the future.作为一名青少年，我经常问自己将来打算成为什么样的人。 4．Like all my classmates，I had a big dream when I entered senior high school.My dream was to become a doctor，helping patients keep away from diseases.像我所有的同学一样，当我进入高中时，我有一个很大的梦想。我的梦想是成为一名医生，帮助病人远离疾病。 5．With the help of my teachers，I have made great progress in my studies.在我的老师的帮助下，我在学业上取得了很大的进步。 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆单词 五级词汇 actually adv.实际上，事实上；的确 adult n．[C]成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的 attract vt.吸引，引起……的注意(或兴趣)(adj. attractive) be attracted to喜爱……；被……吸引 challenge n．[C]&[U]挑战，艰巨任务vt.向……挑战；怀疑 face/meet the challenge面对/迎接挑战 accept/take up the challenge接受挑战 graduate vi. & vt.毕业(n. graduation)；获得学位n.[C]毕业生 graduate from 从……毕业 title n．[C]标题；职称；冠军；头衔；(书、诗歌等的)名称vt.加标题于；授予……称号 四级词汇 advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的 　advanced course高级课程 advance vi. & vt.前进；发展；促进；(时间)提前n.[U]前进；[C]&[U]发展adj.[只用于名词前]预先的 adventure n．[U]冒险；[C]奇遇(adj. adventurous) behaviour n．[U]行为，举止 confused adj.迷惑的，糊涂的(confuse，confusing) content n．[C]内容；[pl.]目录；[sing.](书、讲话、节目等的)主题 expert n．[C]专家，行家adj.熟练的；专家的，内行的 　be expert at/in (doing) sth.在某方面擅长或是行家 extra adj.[只用于名词前]额外的，附加的 　extra-curricular activities课外活动 focus vt. & vi.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n.[C]&[U](pl. focuses/foci)焦点，中心，重点 　focus on集中；特别关注 generation n．[C]&[U]代，世代，一代(人) literature n．[U]文学；文学作品 movement n．[C]&[U]动作；运动；活动 obviously adv.显然，明显地 responsibility n．[C]&[U]责任，义务，职责(adj. responsible) 　take responsibility for对……负责(be responsible for) schedule n．[C]&[U]时刻表；日程安排，工作计划vt.[常用于被动语态]安排；将……列入进度表；预定 　ahead of/on/behind schedule提前/按时/落后 　make a workable schedule制定可行的时间表 solution n．[C]解决办法；答案(～to sth.) survival n．[U]生存，幸存；[C]幸存事物(v. survive) teenager n．[C](13至19岁之间的)青少年 topic n．[C]话题；标题 　a hot topic热门话题 volunteer n．[C]志愿者vt. & vi.自愿/无偿(做某事)；主动说 　volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 youth n．[U][集体名词，常与the连用][统称]年轻人，青年；[U]青年时期；青春 三级词汇 debate n．[C]&[U]辩论；争论vi. & vt.(尤指正式)争论，辩论 　a heated debate激烈的争论 quit vt. & vi.[非正式用语]停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等) ◆短语 clean up打扫(或清除)干净 (be) suitable for对……适合的 sign up (for sth.)报名(参加课程) (be) addicted to对……很入迷/上瘾 take a quick look at快速浏览 hand out分发 keep up with跟上 be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 be well prepared for为……做好充分准备 work out锻炼；计算出；解决；制定(出) drop out (of)退学；不再参与 必背句式 ◆常见结构 prefer doing sth. to doing sth.与做某事相比，更喜欢做某事 recommend that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某事 It is adj. for sb. to do sth.对某人来说，做某事是…… make it adj. to do sth.使得做某事…… ◆“喜欢”的多样表达 I enjoy discussing different questions. 我喜欢讨论不同的问题。 I love dancing! 我喜欢跳舞！ I'm interested in plants and animals. 我对动植物感兴趣。 It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world. 你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引，这没有什么不正常。 I think he is addicted to smoking. He just can't seem to quit. 我认为他抽烟上了瘾，似乎就是戒不掉。 Today's teenagers seem to prefer the Internet more than TV. 现在的青少年似乎更喜欢互联网而不是电视。 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.核心词块 1．a subject of __________ 一个争论的话题 2．the _________ of the course课程的内容 3．work as a _________ consultant做一位志愿顾问 4．meet the _________ of the new technology迎接新技术的挑战 5．_________English 流利的英语 debate content volunteer challenge fluent 6．_________ from college 大学毕业 7．______________ the book to students 向学生推荐这本书 8．inspire a love of _________ 激起对文学的热爱 9．block his forward___________ 挡住他前进的路 10．__________ gap 代沟 graduate recommend literature movement generation 11．try to ________ smoking 努力戒烟 12．fall behind __________ 延误工期；赶不上进度 13．set off for a new __________开始一次新的冒险 14．a representative of the __________年轻人的代表 15．__________ education centers 成人教育中心 quit schedule adventure youth adult Ⅱ.变形词汇 1．__________ vt.较喜欢→ __________ n．偏爱，偏爱的事物/人，优先权 2．_______ n．套装 vt.(服装)相配，合身→ __________ adj.合适的；适用的 3．__________ adj.难以理解的；不清楚的→__________ vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→ __________ adj.糊涂的；迷惑的 prefer preference suit suitable confusing confuse confused 4．__________ adj.高级的；高等的；先进的→ __________ n．前进；发展 vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进 5．__________ adj.负责的；有责任的→ __________ n．责任；义务 6．_______ vi.& vt.解决(问题或困难)，处理→ _______n．解决办法；答案 7．_____ vt.编辑；校订；剪辑；主编→_____ n．主编；编辑；编者→__________ n．版次；版本 advanced advance responsible responsibility solve solution edit editor edition 8．__________ vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→ __________ n．行为；举止；习性 9．________ adj.实际的；真实的→__________ adv.事实上；的确 10．__________ adj.入迷的；上瘾的；有瘾的→ __________ n．沉溺；嗜好→ _____________ adj.使人上瘾的→ ________n．对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人 behave behaviour actual actually addicted addiction addictive addict Ⅲ.拓展词汇 1．“争论”相关词一览 ①debate v．& n．辩论；争论 ②argue v．争论 ③discuss v．讨论 ④quarrel v．& n．争吵 ⑤dispute v．& n．争论 2．“-able”是形容词后缀，表示“可……的，具有……，能……的” ①movable可移动的 ②believable可信的 ③enjoyable令人愉快的 ④changeable易变的 ⑤adjustable可调节的 Ⅳ.重点短语 1．_____ being at work __ being at home喜欢工作而不愿待在家里 2．________ all the mess清理烂摊子 3． ______________ the occasion 适合这种场合 4．_____________ a Chinese course报一个中文学习班 5．________________ the decrease in car sales为汽车销量的下降负责 6．_____________ Beijing Opera喜爱京剧 7．_____________ the needs of the customers关注顾客的需求 8．_____________ computer games迷上了电脑游戏 prefer to clean up be suitable for sign up for be responsible for be attracted to focus on be addicted to Ⅴ.课文佳句 1．I'll find a way to improve on my own _______________________ ________________ ．(so that引导目的状语从句) 我会想办法提高自己，这样明年我就能加入足球队了。 so that I can make the team next year 2．I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course，and ______________________________________ ____________．(it＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.) 我有点担心在高级课程中跟不上其他学生，而且要适应所有的家庭作业也将会非常困难。 it'll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework 3．My adviser ____________________________________________ ___________because I like English and I'm good at it.(recommend that sb.should do sth.) 我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。 recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature 4．__________________ isn't always fun，but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.(动词-ing形式作主语) 努力学习并非总是有趣的，但是我会做好充分的准备，来迎接大学或者其他将要到来的事情。 Studying hard 5．______________________________________________________to computer games and the online world.(it＋be＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.) 对于你们这一代青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不稀奇。 It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas, even though the language used for the medical training instructions is ________(actual) English. 2．You can imagine how ___________(attract) the farm is：fresh air，clean water and warm sunshine. actually attractive 3．(2022·全国乙卷)China has a ______________(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 4．A man should learn ____________(suit) ways to deal with life. 5．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) If I had to make just one ________________ (recommend) for where to stay in Rome，it would be Yellow Hostel. responsibility suitable recommendation Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．If you are interested in experiments，you may ________________ (报名参加这个课程). 2．We should ___________________________(对工作负责) and keep teamwork spirit in mind. 3．Their house __________________(与我们的相似)，but ours is bigger. sign up for this course be responsible for the work is similar to ours 4．More people would _________________(被吸引到骑自行车上) if conditions were right. 5．Once you have a taste of Chinese tea，you __________________(将会迷上它). be attracted to cycling will be addicted to it Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．(2022·全国乙卷)在他们看来，听英文歌曲对他们的英语学习大有裨益。 From their point of view，_______________________benefits them a lot in learning English. listening to English songs 2．每首唐诗都附带一个故事，因此对你来说更容易理解它们。 Each Tang poem is attached to a story，so __________________ _______________________． 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)无论他们在做什么，他总是尽自己最大的努力参与其中。(whatever) He always participated to the best of his ability in _________________ ________． it's easier for you to understand them whatever they were doing 4．是刘老师使我意识到学好英语的重要性。 It was Mr.Liu who_________________________________________ ______________． made me aware of the importance of learning English well 核心考点 互动探究 1.prefer vt.(preferred；preferred；preferring)较喜欢(like better)；选择某事物(而不选其他) ①Many people prefer living in the country ____ living in the city. ②Despite our emphasis on English skills，we don't have a preference ______English majors. to for ③为了获得更多的点击量，你最好告诉我你们西方人更喜欢哪种中国文化。(求助信) In order to get more clicks，you'd better tell me___________________ _________________________． which Chinese culture you westerners prefer ④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)I would rather appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers than read those about politics and economy. →________________________________________________________ _____________________________________(用would do...rather than do...改写) →________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ (用prefer to do...rather than do...改写) I would appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers rather than read those about politics and economy. I prefer to appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers rather than read those about politics and economy. (3)preference n．偏爱；爱好；喜爱；偏爱的事物；最喜爱的东西 have a preference for对……偏爱　 2.content n．内容；[pl.]目录；内容；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题(topic)；[sing.]含量 adj.满足的，满意的(feel happy or satisfied) vt.使满足(satisfy sb.in a limited way) ①That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content ______(live) in the country. ②She dropped her purse and the __________(content)fell out on the floor. to live contents ③(2023·浙江1月卷，读后续写)它满足而快乐地在空中飞舞着，头左右转动着，好像再次向我表达对我救它一命的感激。 ___________________, she flew in the air, turning her head from side to side ___________________________________________________． Content and joyful as if expressing her gratitude for saving her life to me again (1)be/feel content with...对……感到满足/满意 be content to do sth.乐于/愿意做某事 (2)content oneself with...满足于……　 3.suitable adj.合适的，适用的(be appropriate for a condition or purpose or occasion or a person's character/needs) ①It is difficult to find a place __________(suit) for a picnic. ②We need to find someone suitable __________(replace) Mary. ③首先，我擅长英语口语，且擅于交际，所以我认为我适合这项工作。(申请信) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ suitable to replace Firstly，I'm good at spoken English and communicating with others，so I think I am suitable for this job. (1)be suitable for对……适合的 be suitable to do sth.适合做某事 (2)suit vt.对(某人)方便；满足(某人)需要；合(某人)心意 n．西装；套装 a suit of一套…… suit...to...使……适合…… suit one's needs适合某人的需要，满足某人的需求 4.recommend vt.推荐(speak to sb.in favour of sth.)；建议(suggest，advise)；介绍(introduce) ①I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines ___us and give us more free time to read them. ②We strongly recommend ____________(report) the incident to the police. ③Finally，I recommend that you _____________(watch) more live broadcasts of international matches at www.weiqitv.com. to reporting (should)watch ④我建议你来之前学习一些基础汉语。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I recommend you to learn some basic Chinese before you come./I recommend that you (should) learn some basic Chinese before you come. (1)recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物 recommend sb.as...推荐某人为…… (2)recommend doing sth.建议做某事 recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 recommend that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事 (3)recommendation n．提议；推荐 [实战贴士]　recommend和recommendation后接从句时，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 5.attract vt.吸引，引起……的注意(或兴趣) (arouse interest or pleasure in sth./sb.) ①Anything with strong gravity attracts other things ____it. ②Honestly speaking，there are a lot of tourist __________(attract) in this ancient city. ③Their school lives are now more ___________(attract) and interesting，and they enjoy playing football in the playground, as well as singing songs they've learnt.[北师大必修第一册] to attractions attractive ④这个景区最吸引游客的是山顶上壮丽的日出景色。(环境描写) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ What attracts tourists most in this tourist attraction is the spectacular view of sunrise on the top of the mountain. (1)attract sb.to sth./sb.吸引/引起某人对某事/物/人的兴趣 attract one's attention吸引某人的注意 (2)attractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的 attraction n．有吸引力的地方/事物；吸引 6.focus vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)(concentrate)；(使)调节焦距 n．焦点；重点；中心 ①In light of people's demand for new rural functions，we need to focus ______developing new industries and new business models in rural areas. ②With his attention ___________(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him. on focused ③With so many people ________(focus) their eyes on him，he felt very nervous. ④深呼吸，放松自己，而不是专注于带给你压力的事情，你就会很快入睡。(建议信) Take a deep breath and relax yourself___________________________ _________________________________, and you will fall asleep soon. focusing instead of focusing (your attention) on what brings you stress (1)focus on集中于；重点在 focus one's eyes/attention/mind on...把某人的视线/注意力/心思集中到……上 (2)the focus of...……的焦点 7.addicted adj.入迷的；上瘾的；有瘾的(compulsively or physiologically dependent on something habit-forming) ①Teenagers who are _________(addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression. ②I discovered an ____________(addict) to housework which I had never felt before. addicted addiction ③Learning that you are addicted ____table tennis，I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school. ④__________________________ (醉心于拉小提琴)，he didn't notice the teacher walk into the classroom. to Addicted to playing the violin (1)be/get addicted to (doing) sth.沉溺于(做)某事；对(做)某事上瘾 (2)addict n．对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人 addictive adj.使人上瘾的 (3)addiction n．瘾；入迷 addiction to sth.对某事/物的瘾 8.动名词短语作主语 [教材原句]　Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。 ①__________ (clean) the house three times a week is my job. ②It is no use _________(cry) over spilt milk. ③对学生来说，上网浪费时间。 For students，_________________________________． Cleaning crying it is a waste of time surfing the Internet ④对他来说，和家人一起看春节联欢晚会真的是一个幸福的时刻。(读后续写之个人情感) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Watching the Spring Festival Gala together with his family was really a happy moment for him. (1)单个动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数；动名词(短语)作主语往往表示一般的或习惯性的动作。 (2)动名词(短语)作主语时，有时用it作形式主语，而把动名词(短语)后置，常见结构： 9.“疑问词＋-ever”引导名词性从句 [教材原句]　Studying hard isn't always fun，but I'll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.努力学习并非总是有趣的，但是我会做好充分的准备，来迎接大学或者其他将要到来的事情。 ①I told myself I would be satisfied with ________________(不管我能得到什么). ②无论距离有多远，我们都会感觉彼此很亲近。(读后续写之主旨升华) __________________________________________________________ whatever I could get However/No matter how far away we are，we feel close to each other. (1)whatever， whichever， who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。 (2))no matter what/which/who(m) 只引导让步状语从句。 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Registration must be made at least two weeks ____advance. 2．Something unexpected throws my parents' routine into _________ (confuse)，which they have to deal with. 3．Many young people worry that once they graduate ______ university，they will join the ranks of the unemployed. in confusion from 74 4．He recommended________ (read) the book before seeing the movie. 5．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Group Play may ____________(schedule) during any day or time the Museum is open. 6．With his mind _________(focus) on his homework，he ignored the noise outside. 7．His son，as well as many other American kids，is addicted to ___________(surf) the Internet. 8．I found _____my duty to work hard at all my subjects. reading be scheduled focused surfing it 维度2　熟词生义 1．(2022·全国乙卷)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content.__________ 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)It is our hope that in coming decades，advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives._________ n.含量 n.发展 维度3　一句多译/句式升级 1．她更喜欢和我们一起去而不愿独自留下。 ①___________________________________________________ (prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.) ②_______________________________________________ (prefer doing sth.to doing sth.) She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind alone. She preferred going with us to staying behind alone. ③_________________________________________ (would rather do sth.than do sth.) ④_________________________________________________ (would do sth.rather than do sth.) She would rather go with us than stay behind alone. She would go with us rather than stay behind alone. 2．老师建议每一个人都应积极参加英语晚会。 ①The teacher recommended that everyone _______________________ the English party. ②The teacher recommended everyone ___________________the English party. (should)take an active part in to take an active part in 3．Many kids are addicted to surfing the Net，so they have lost interest in study. →________________________，many kids have lost interest in study.(分词短语作状语) 4．Obviously，he is not content with your job. →__________________he is not content with your job.(it作形式主语) Addicted to surfing the Net It is obvious that 5．The girl from London was attracted by the beauty of nature，so she decided to spend another two days on the farm. →_______________________________，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.(分词短语作状语) Attracted by the beauty of nature 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 提能1　单元话题写作 众所周知，青少年的生活充满冒险和挑战，爱好也是因人而异。其行为有时也令人感到困惑。青少年感觉与父母还有代沟。专家们则在不遗余力地帮助着青少年。 根据以上信息及提示补全下面文章。 As we know, teenage life is filled with varieties of ①___________ _____________ (冒险和挑战). Some teenagers enjoy ② ________(do) volunteer work, while others like better (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：③______) extra-curricular movements such as organising debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and ④ _________________________ (清洁社区). Some teenagers ⑤_______________________________ ______________(报名参加适合他们口味的高级课程). Actually, some adventures and challenges doing prefer cleaning up the communities sign up for advanced courses suitable for their tastes teenagers also feel ⑥ __________(confuse) in their youth, and their behaviour is sometimes ⑦ _____________(confuse). They feel there is a generation gap between themselves and adults, ⑧ _____experts are trying to find a suitable solution to help them. confused confusing so 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 content adj.满意的；满足的 confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的 responsible adj.负责的；有责任的 addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的 动作描写 debate vt.& vi.辩论；争论 challenge vt.怀疑；向……挑战 recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍 advance vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进 quit vt.& vi.停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等) schedule vt.安排；预定 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) 在早晨，按照所安排的，双胞胎早早起床，踮着脚走进厨房，从袋子里舀出一些面粉。他们一开始做面包，就感到迷惑。就在那时，他们的爸爸溜进厨房，轻拍双胞胎的肩膀，柔声安慰道：“不要放弃。你们可以战胜这个挑战。”双胞胎顺利地做完了面包。接着，他们端着早餐，向楼上走去，喊醒他们的妈妈。妈妈双眼闪烁着激动的光芒，她是如此满足，因此她把孩子们揽入怀中。 In the morning，____________，the twins got up early，tiptoed to the kitchen and scooped some flour out of the bag.Once they set about making bread，________________．At that time，their father slid into the kitchen，patted the twins' shoulders and comforted them in a soft voice，“__________．__________________________．” The twins made the bread smoothly.Then they carried the breakfast，_____________________________________．With her eyes glittering with excitement，____________________________________ ____________________． as scheduled they felt confused Don't quit You can overcome the challenge advanced upstairs and woke up their mother the mother was so content that she gathered her children into her arms [名篇品读] Then he had the idea that he could stay home if he were ill suddenly.But he didn't really feel ill.He tried to concentrate on different parts of his body to see if they felt bad，but no matter how hard he thought about it，he seemed to feel perfectly fine.Then he remembered his foot and this gave him the idea to start crying in pain.He cried loudly，but his brother Sid didn't seem to hear him.He just continued sleeping soundly. —The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 然后他有了一个想法，如果他突然生病了，他就可以待在家里。但他并没有真的感到不舒服。他试着把注意力集中在身体的不同部位，看看它们是否感觉不好，但不管他怎么想，他似乎都感觉非常好。然后他想起了自己的脚，这让他开始痛苦地哭泣。他大声哭了起来，但他的弟弟希德似乎没有听见，他只是继续呼呼大睡。 ——《汤姆·索亚历险记》 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·1月九省联考)　　For lots of kids，toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship.Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships，the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors，such as kindness，sharing，and cooperation. Even so，how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament (性格).Some toddlers are very social，but others are shy.In addition，the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior. This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior.Regardless of how much they like a playmate，they may still grab his toys，refuse to share，and get bossy.But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.Through play experiences，toddlers learn social rules.That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.When you establish these guidelines，explain the reasons behind them. Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying.What's making him so sad？”)，then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”).When your child shares or shows empathy (同理心) toward a friend，praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”). Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words—not fists—to express how they feel.It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime.Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry，so schedule playtime when they're refreshed. 【语篇解读】　本文讨论了幼儿期对孩子们形成积极的人际关系的重要性，特别是如何通过模仿、游戏和父母的指导来学习社交行为。 2 3 1 4 1．What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior? A．They are interested in acting. B．They are shy with the strangers. C．They are fond of their playmates. D．They are tired of playing games. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。由第二段末句“Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying ‘I like you’ during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior.”可知，俄亥俄州立大学哥伦布分校的研究发现，幼儿在游戏中表示“我喜欢你”的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行为。这表明，幼儿模仿他们的玩伴是他们表达对玩伴的喜爱的方式，故选C项。 2 3 1 4 2．What does the author suggest parents do for their kids? A．Design games for them. B．Find them suitable playmates. C．Play together with them. D．Help them understand social rules. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句“That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.”可知，这就是为什么在幼儿的社交互动中，通过设定限制和频繁提醒他们这些社交规则来发挥积极作用是如此重要。这表明作者建议父母通过设定限制和频繁提醒他们这些社交规则来帮助孩子理解社交规则，故选D项。 2 3 1 4 3．What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4? A．Giving examples.　　　 B．Explaining concepts. C．Providing evidence. D．Making comparisons. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。在第四段中，作者通过引用实际的对话，如“Ben is crying.What's making him so sad？”和“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”来举例说明如何教育孩子理解和表达同理心。这些引用的话语直观地展示了如何通过具体的情境和对话来教育孩子，即“给出例子”。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．How Children Adapt to Changes B．How to Be a Role Model for Children C．How Your Baby Learns to Love D．How to Communicate with Your Kid 答案：C 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。文章讨论了幼儿如何通过模仿、游戏和父母的指导来学习社交行为和表达情感，特别是如何通过爱和同理心的培养来形成积极的人际关系。因此，C项“宝宝如何学会去爱”最能概括文章的主旨。其他选项虽与文章内容有关，但不如C项准确捕捉文章的中心思想。故选C项。 B (2023·苏北四市调研)By my mid-20s，I'd finished my Master's in Psychology，and I was working in Dublin as a health researcher.It was mostly data and statistics work which required staring at a screen.I was earning more than most of my friends，living the city life，going out at weekends.I had a good pension (养老金) and annual leave but it caused a lot of anxiety and worry.I was really unhappy. I wanted to get back to feeling passionate about something so I started thinking about the things I used to love.As a child，I'd always been involved in the outdoors，and I used to love hiking but all that had stopped after secondary school.I decided to volunteer with a local youth group and within a month，I went camping with them.I absolutely loved it.It was like switching on a lightbulb．This was what I'd been missing. I started taking courses in mountain skills and wilderness first aid，and in August I was working my usual job in the week，and I was a climbing club leader at weekends.I loved connecting with nature and connecting with other people. Through all this，I learnt about the whole field of nature-based therapies(疗法).It was the perfect fit to combine my psychology background with my passion for the outdoors.I began taking courses in wild therapy，forest bathing and ecopsychology.I left my government job and in July 2020 I launched my business Nature Therapy Ireland，which is booming now. I'd thought I'd always live in a city but last year，I moved to Tipperary to live at the foot of a mountain，surrounded by nature.If I'm feeling stressed，I can step outside in my bare feet and stand on the grass to ground myself.In Dublin，the front door felt like a barrier—I had to have my keys，my phone，my jacket before I could even go out and find a green space.My life now is leading nature connection hikes and forest bathing walks.My salary has halved for the moment but I've adjusted.I've never looked back. 【语篇解读】　作者拥有一份稳定的工作和社会保障，但这依然引起了作者的焦虑。作者想重拾对生活的热情，毅然辞掉稳定工作，选择创业去过自己想要的生活。 5 6 7 8 5．What did the writer think of her job in Dublin? A．Stressful.　　　　　　 B．Valueless. C．Insecure. D．Demanding. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I had a good...but it caused a lot of anxiety and worry.I was really unhappy.”可知，作者的这一工作引起了许多焦虑和担心。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2? A．She enjoyed her voluntary work. B．She realized what she really loved. C．Recalling the past made her happy. D．A bright future was in store for her. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 句意猜测题。根据第二段中的“I wanted to get back...I used to love.”可知，作者想重新找回对某件事的热情并开始思索；再结合画线句前后语境可知，作者通过做志愿者，参加集体露营，突然发现自己非常热爱这件事，并意识到这就是自己一直在思念的东西。 5 6 7 8 7．What drove the writer to launch her business Nature Therapy Ireland? A．Her adventurous experience. B．Her leadership and background. C．Her connection with other people. D．Her major and passion for nature. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Through all this，I learnt about the whole field of nature -based therapies...my passion for the outdoors.”可知，自然疗法正是作者心理学背景和作者对户外运动的热情的完美结合，这促使作者进行相关课程的学习之后辞去已有的稳定工作，选择创业。 5 6 7 8 8．Why did the writer compare her life in Dublin with that in Tipperary? A．To highlight how boring city life was. B．To call on people to get back to nature. C．To show her satisfaction with her change. D．To indicate how successful her business was. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第五段内容尤其是“My salary has halved for the moment but I've adjusted.I've never looked back.”可知，即便工资减半，作者也不后悔，由此可推知，作者通过对比表达了对现有生活的满足。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023·山东淄博期中)Growing up, moments with Mum were painfully short.That's because we spent most of the year at our boarding school in Singapore, 1 only during the holidays.Every year, she would 2 expect our reunion. However, those sweet, cherished moments gradually 3 as I grew older and moved further away from home for university.And soon, our 4 became tense.Weekly phone calls filled with small talk were too 5 to ever develop into real talk, real feelings.The 6 led to arguments instead.To me she seemed unable to 7 that I was no longer a kid, thus, forcing me to hold back information or even lie frequently.But the more I pulled away, the more I felt 8 ．Perhaps the journey to the local museum would give us a 9 to breathe it back to life. When we got there, we 10 for a joint drawing activity.Secretly I hoped producing something together would help us connect.Later, when a digital screen 11 our works, Mum went up to the screen and reached out, 12 the fish as if doing so would 13 it to life.That momentary glance of my mother's childlike 14 and delight at a new experience revealed the little girl in her, who, like me, had lost a vital 15 to the trials and responsibilities of adulthood and motherhood. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在成长过程中，作者和妈妈之间的关系逐渐变得紧张起来。之后作者想通过一次去当地博物馆旅行的机会来修复和妈妈之间的关系。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1．A.appearing B．returning C．leaving D．escaping 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 句意：那是因为我们一年中大部分时间都在新加坡的寄宿学校度过，只有在假期才回去。每一年，她都热切期待着我们的重逢。appear出现；return返回；leave离开；escape逃脱。根据上文“That's because we spent most of the year at our boarding school in Singapore”及下文during the holidays可知，此处指“我”在假期时间回家。 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 13 14 15 2．A.cautiously B．calmly C．carefully D．eagerly 答案：D 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 13 14 15 句意：那是因为我们一年中大部分时间都在新加坡的寄宿学校度过，只有在假期才回去。每一年，她都热切期待着我们的重逢。cautiously谨慎地；calmly冷静地；carefully仔细地；eagerly渴望地。根据上文“That's because we spent most of the year at our boarding school in Singapore, 1 only during the holidays.”可知，只有在假期回家时“我”才能和妈妈团聚，因而妈妈渴望“我们”的团聚。 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 13 14 15 3．A.disappeared B．refused C．decreased D．increased 答案：C 句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我离家更远去上大学，那些甜蜜、珍贵的时刻逐渐减少了。disappear消失；refuse拒绝；decrease下降；increase增加。根据下文“as I grew older and moved further away from home for university”及“And soon, our 4 became tense.”可知，这里指那些和妈妈团聚的甜蜜的时刻逐渐减少了。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 4．A.relationship B．gap C．agreement D．situation 答案：A 句意：不久，我们的关系变得紧张起来。relationship关系；gap缺口，隔阂；agreement同意；situation情况，情形。根据下文became tense可知，此处指“我”和妈妈之间的关系变得紧张了。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 5．A.popular B．normal C．rushed D．regular 答案：C 句意：每周的电话里充满了闲聊，太匆忙了，从来没有发展成真正的谈话，真正的感情。popular受欢迎的，流行的；normal正常的，普通的；rushed匆忙的；regular有规律的。根据上文“Weekly phone calls filled with small talk ”可知，“我”和妈妈的每周的电话交谈中，只是日常的寒暄，因为匆忙而没有成为真正意义的谈话。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 6．A.pain B．damage C．balance D．tension 答案：D 句意：紧张的气氛反而导致了争论。pain疼痛；damage破坏；balance平衡；tension紧张。根据上文“And soon, our 4 became tense.”可知，因为“我”和妈妈关系变得紧张起来，所以这种紧张关系，使得日常的寒暄演变为争吵。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 7．A.understand B．predict C．tolerate D．guarantee 答案：A 句意：在我看来，她似乎无法理解我已经不再是一个孩子，因此，迫使我隐瞒信息，甚至经常撒谎。understand理解；predict预测；tolerate忍受；guarantee保证。根据上文led to arguments instead及下文“I was no longer a kid”可知，“我”和妈妈争吵，是因为妈妈不能理解我已经长大，已不再是小孩的事实。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 8．A.narrow B．empty C．useless D．lonely 答案：B 句意：但是我越疏远， 我越感到空虚。narrow狭窄的；empty空虚的；useless无用的；lonely孤独的。根据上文forcing me to hold back information or even lie frequently可知，隐瞒信息，甚至经常撒谎让“我”觉得很空虚。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 9．A.gift B．reward C．chance D．courage 答案：C 句意：也许这次去当地博物馆的旅行能让我们有机会让紧张的关系重新焕发生机。gift礼物，天赋；reward报酬；chance机会；courage勇气。根据上文the journey to the local museum可知，去当地博物馆的旅行会成为“我”和妈妈的关系恢复的一个机会。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 10．A.calmed down B．checked out C．looked out D．signed up 答案：D 句意：当我们到达那里后，我们报名参加了一个联合绘画活动。calm down镇静下来；check out结账离开；look out留神，注意；sign up报名(参加课程)，和……签约。根据下文a joint drawing activity可知，此处指“我”和妈妈报名参加了一个绘画活动。sign up for“报名参加”，符合题意。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 11．A.displayed B．exposed C．reported D．marked 答案：A 句意：后来，当一个电子屏幕展示我们的作品时，妈妈走到屏幕前，伸手摸了摸鱼，好像这样做会让鱼活过来似的。display展示；expose暴露，接触；report报道；mark标记。根据上文a digital screen及下文our works可知，电子屏幕把“我们”的作品展示了出来。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 12．A.researching B．touching C．witnessing D．designing 答案：B 句意：后来，当一个电子屏幕展示我们的作品时，妈妈走到屏幕前，伸手摸了摸鱼，好像这样做会让鱼活过来似的。research研究；touch触摸；witness目睹；design设计。根据上文“Mum went up to the screen and reached out”可知，这里指妈妈伸出手，触摸屏幕上作品里面的鱼。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 13．A.fetch B．carry C．bring D．take 答案：C 句意：后来，当一个电子屏幕展示我们的作品时，妈妈走到屏幕前，伸手摸了摸鱼，好像这样做会让鱼活过来似的。fetch拿来，取；carry携带；bring带来；take带走。根据上文to breathe it back to life可知，此处指妈妈触摸鱼，想让鱼活过来，bring sth.to life“使……复活”。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 14．A.judgment B．patience C．confidence D．curiosity 答案：D 句意：那一瞬间，母亲对新经历充满了孩子般的好奇和喜悦，这让我看到了她内心的小女孩，她和我一样，已经失去了与成年和为人母的考验和责任的重要联系。judgment判断；patience耐心；confidence信心；curiosity好奇心。根据上文that momentary glance of my mother's childlike可知，此处指妈妈的孩子般的好奇心。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 15．A.connection B．impression C．reaction D．donation 答案：A 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 句意：那一瞬间，母亲对新经历充满了孩子般的好奇和喜悦，这让我看到了她内心的小女孩，她和我一样，已经失去了与成年和为人母的考验和责任的重要联系。connection联系；impression印象；reaction反应；donation捐赠物。根据上文“I hoped producing something together would help us connect”及下文“to the trials and responsibilities of adulthood and motherhood”可知，这里指失去了与成年和为人母的考验和责任的重要联系。 $$