话题18 绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习话题课件

主题语境二　人与社会 主题(二)　文学、艺术与体育 话题18　绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 高考真题精研 基础考点探究 基础知识达标 写作能力提升 课时作业 高考真题精研 第一组 Passage 1　阅读理解(2018·全国Ⅲ卷·C) 　　While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts， many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage. Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu， a 49-year-old Chinese architect， won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize—which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture—on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award. Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou， Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations. The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills， forming a unique view. 　　Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls， roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素). Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance， he had created a new type of Chinese architecture， said Tadao Ando， the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize. Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions once existed，” he said. “Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact， tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said. “Today， many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang. The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise， the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty， he said. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章报道了2012年度建筑 界的最高奖项——普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对 建筑艺术创新的体会。 28. Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are  　　　　. A. following the latest world trend B. getting international recognition C. working harder than ever before D. relying on foreign architects 28 29 30 31 答案：B 推理判断题。第一段是文章的中心段，第二段讲述了中国建筑 设计师获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利兹克奖，这个例子是 用来说明第一段后半句的：许多优秀的中国建筑设计师正进入 世界建筑设计舞台的中心，故选B。A项意为“跟随世界最新潮 流”，文章没有提到；C项意为“比任何时候更努力工作”，文 章没有提到；D项意为“依靠国外设计师”，和文章内容不符， 因为根据第六段的内容可知，中国建筑设计师的成功在于把中 国传统文化和创新结合起来。 28 29 30 31 29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most？ A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size. C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions. 答案：C 28 29 30 31 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词CAA Xiangshan campus可迅速定 位到第三段，顺着往下找，根据第四段第一句中的quite different， 第二句中的were amazed和第三句中的unique view可知，它独一无 二的风格给人留下了深刻印象，故选C。A项意为“多山的环 境”，在文章第四段提到了，但不是最能给人留下印象的事情；B 项和D项文章没有提到。 28 29 30 31 30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success？ A. The mixture of different shapes. B. The balance of East and West. C. The use of popular techniques. D. The harmony of old and new. 答案：D 28 29 30 31 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.”和第六段中的“Through such a balance，he had created a new type of Chinese architecture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共 存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘密，故选D。A项错在shapes，不是形状 的混合，是现代和传统中国元素的混合；B项错在East and West， 是modern architecture和a good knowledge of traditions的平衡；C项 错在popular，根据文章第五段第二句可知，应是traditional。 28 29 30 31 31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang？ A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums. C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice. 答案：D 28 29 30 31 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“be combined with practice”和“the recreation of traditions”可知，王澍认为应 该结合实践对传统进行再创新，故选D。A、C两项文章没有提 到；根据第七段中的“Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.”可知，王澍认为传统不应该 被封在博物馆里，故B项错误。 28 29 30 31 【词汇识记】 1. fruitful adj.富有成效的 2. architecture n.建筑学 3. abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的 4. seal v.密封；封存 5. recreation n.娱乐；消遣；重现；重建 6. design n.设计；图案 7. style n.风格 8. match v.匹配 9. unique adj.独特的 10. technique n.技术；技艺 11. modern adj.现代的 12. abandoned adj.被抛弃的；被遗弃的 13. impress v.使留下深刻印象 14. make great efforts to do sth.尽力去做…… 15. take the center stage走上中央舞台 16. refer to...as...称……为…… 17. serve as 充当 18. perfect adj.完美的→perfectly adv.完美地 19. mix v.(使)混合；融合→mixed adj.混合的；混杂的→mixture n.混 合；结合体 20. understanding n.理解→misunderstanding n.误解 【难句分析】 “Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang. [译文选择] A. 王说：“很多人在谈论传统时往往不知道他们到底是什么。” B. 王说：“很多人在谈论传统时往往不知道传统到底是什 么。”(　B　) B [结构分析] 本句是一个复合句。without knowing what they really are是without介 词短语作状语，其中what they really are是what引导的宾语从句，作 knowing的宾语。 Passage 2　阅读七选五(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。作者是一个艺术家，作者 以第一人称的口吻向自己的粉丝传授初学者开启艺术之旅的一些技 巧和建议。 　　As an artist who shares her journey on social media，I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey.Unfortunately，there is no magic list I can offer.I do remember，though，what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. 36 37 38 39 40 ·Start small.I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 　36　 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. 36 37 38 39 40 A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginnerart. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and， if needed， redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 答案：C 36 37 38 39 40 空后一句讲到了“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.” (你会想要回顾自己的旅程，看看自己已经走了 多远)，因此空处应该会做一个关于“看什么来回顾”的铺垫，C项 中的“your beginner art”可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多 远，故C项符合语境。 36 37 38 39 40 ·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes， portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible. 　37　37　 36 37 38 39 40 A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginnerart. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and， if needed， redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 答案：G 36 37 38 39 40 空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲到了“Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible.(无 论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生)”，G 项“你将培养出只有反复练习才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆”讲到这样 做的目的和好处，承接上文，符合语境。 36 37 38 39 40 ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 　38　37　 Artistic growth can be a bit painful.Welcome to the club； we’ve all been there.I love taking on challenges.I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. 36 37 38 39 40 A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginnerart. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and， if needed， redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 答案：A 36 37 38 39 40 根据本段的主旨句“Continually challenge yourself to try something new.”可知，本段主要围绕“不断挑战自我去尝试新事物”展开， 且空后讲到了“Artistic growth can be a bit painful.(艺术之旅的成长 有时会令人有些痛苦)”，A项“走出你的舒适区”符合语境，且能 引出下文，故选A项。 36 37 38 39 40 · 　39　 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth.I post my work on social media and，in turn，have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel valued and respected，no matter my level of artistic ability. 36 37 38 39 40 A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginnerart. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and， if needed， redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 答案：D 36 37 38 39 40 结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的 “Seeking and accepting constructive feedback is crucial...They make me feel valued and respected”可知，本段讲到了可以利用社交媒体 寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处，故D项“分享你的作品，如 果这样做让你觉得舒服”适合作本段的主旨句。 36 37 38 39 40 The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 　40　 Push through，give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. 36 37 38 39 40 A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginnerart. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and， if needed， redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 答案：E 36 37 38 39 40 空前一句讲到了“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.(你的旅途不会一路平坦)”，而空后讲到了“Push through，give it time and put in the effort.(坚持下去，给它时 间，付出努力)”，这是面对困境时的做法，因此空处应承接上 一句，讲到旅途中的困难，故E项“你会遇到障碍，有时你会感 到沮丧”符合语境。 36 37 38 39 40 【词汇识记】 1. curious adj.好奇的 2. magic n.魔法；神奇 adj.神奇的；有魔力的 3. inspiration n.灵感 4. springboard n.(跳水或体操中的)跳板；(有助于开展某事的)基础， 出发点 5. complex adj.复杂的；复合的 6. constructive adj.建设性的 7. valued adj.被重视的 8. roadblock n.路障；障碍 9. redefine vt.重新定义；使重新考虑 10. look back on 回顾，回忆 11. take up 开始干；接受，答应(提议或挑战) 12. be crucial to 对……至关重要的/关键的 13. in turn依次，轮流，逐个；转而，反之，反过来 14. discourage vt.阻止；劝阻；使泄气；使灰心→discouraged adj.气 馁的；泄气的 15. repeat v.重复→repetition n.重复；重做；重说的话；重说 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) 1. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. 　 ⁠ 2. Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible. ⁠ 投入　 绘画时长　 静物画　 【难句分析】 1. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. [译文选择] A. 没有比增加走灌木丛里程更好的改进方法了。 B. 没有比增加绘画时间更好的改进方法了。(　B　) B [结构分析] 本句是否定词加比较级表示最高级的结构。put in是“投入......”的 意思。 brush miles是英语中的“借喻”手法，指“绘画时长”。 2. They make me feel valued and respected，no matter my level of artistic ability. [译文选择] A. 无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到被重视和尊重。 B. 无论我的艺术能力如何，它们都让我感到被重视和尊重。 (　A　) [结构分析] no matter my level of artistic ability是让步状语从句，省略了一些成 分，全句应该是“no matter what my level of artistic ability is”。 A [话题词汇回测] 1. adj.富有成效的 2. adj.好奇的 3. adj.丰富的；充裕的 4. v.密封；封存 5. n.娱乐；消遣；重现，重建 6. n.设计；图案 7. n.风格 8. adj.建设性的 fruitful　 curious　 abundant　 seal　 recreation　 design　 style　 constructive　 9. adj.独特的 10. n.技术；技艺 11. adj.现代的 12. adj.被抛弃的；被遗弃的 13. v.使留下深刻印象 14. n.路障；障碍 15. n.魔法；神奇 adj.神奇的；有魔力的 16. n.灵感 17. adj.复杂的；复合的 unique　 technique　 modern　 abandoned　 impress　 roadblock　 magic　 inspiration　 complex　 18. adj.被重视的 19. 称……为…… 20. 回顾，回忆 21. 开始干；接受，答应(提议或挑战) 22. 对……至关重要的/关键的 23. ⁠依次，轮流，逐个；转而，反之，反过来 24. 尽力去做…… 25. 充当 26. repeat v.重复→ n.重复；重做；重说的话；重说 valued　 refer to...as...　 look back on　 take up　 be crucial to　 in turn　 make great efforts to do sth.　 serve as　 repetition　 27. perfect adj.完美的→ adv.完美地 28. mix v.混合；融合→ adj.混合的；混杂的 → n.混合；结合体 29. understanding n.理解→ n.误解 30. discourage vt.阻止；劝阻；使泄气；使灰心→ ⁠ adj.气馁的；泄气的 perfectly　 mixed　 mixture　 misunderstanding　 discouraged　 第二组 Psaasge 1　阅读理解(2022·全国乙卷·A) Henry Raeburn (1756-1823) The Exhibition This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter，Sir Henry Raeburn，comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world，it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. Lecture Series Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.They are held in the Lecture Room.Admission to lectures is free. An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct.，15：00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct.，13：10 JUDY EGERTON Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn’s Portraits Thursday 6 Nov.，13：10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the 18th Century Thursday 13 Nov.，13：10 MARTIN POSTLE Exhibition Times Monday-Saturday 10：00-17：45 Sunday 12：00-17：45 Last admission to the exhibition：17：15.There is no re- admission. Closed：24-26 December and 1 January. Admission ￡4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free. Schools and Colleges A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education，up to and including those at first degree level，in organised groups with teachers. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了为纪念亨 利·雷本而进行的艺术展的相关情况。 21. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries？ A. Sun.26 Oct. B. Thurs.30 Oct. C. Thurs.6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据表格中的“Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct.，13：10”可知，这个讲座的 时间是10月30日周四。 21 22 23 22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission？ A. ￡4. B. ￡8. C. ￡12. D. ￡16. 答案：B 数字计算题。根据Admission部分的内容可知，门票是4英镑，12岁 以下的孩子由一位成人陪同的话可以免门票。故一对夫妇带两个12 岁以下的孩子应支付8英镑，故选B。 21 22 23 23. How can full-time students get group discounts？ A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools. C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them. 答案：C 21 22 23 推理判断题。根据Schools and Colleges部分中的“A special low entrance...in organised groups with teachers.”可知，全日制学生享受 群体优惠价需要老师带队。 21 22 23 【词汇识记】 1. masterpiece n.代表作 2. major adj.重大的，主要的 3. admission n.入场费，门票 4. contemporary n.同代人 adj.当代的，现代的 5. characterisation n.刻画，描绘 6. select v.挑选 7. throughout the world世界各地，全世界 8. a series of一系列 9. the general public 大众，公众 10. entrance charge 入场费 11. be available to 对……来说是可获得的 12. full-time education 全日制教育 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter，Sir Henry Raeburn，comes to London. 　 ⁠ 大约，差不多　 赞美，颂扬　 Passage 2　阅读七选五(2018·全国Ⅰ卷) 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。颜色是房间设计的基本要 素之一，本文介绍了大、中、小三种规模物品的颜色选择及各自的 优点。 　　Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life？ Professional？ Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？  　36　， color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. 36 37 38 39 40 A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 答案：B 36 37 38 39 40 空前的三个问句是问读者想要寻找什么样的房间设计，结合空后的 “color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel” 可知，不管你想让你的房间怎样，颜色是关键。 36 37 38 39 40 Over the years， there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.  　37　， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home： the small ones， the medium ones， and the large ones. 36 37 38 39 40 A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 答案：A 36 37 38 39 40 空格后的“they”指代上文中的“techniques”，且与A项中的“all of them”相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境，故 为答案。 36 37 38 39 40  　38　. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows， mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa， small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. 36 37 38 39 40 A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 答案：D 36 37 38 39 40 上一段最后提到“the small ones， the medium ones， and the large ones”，再结合最后两段首句中的“Medium color choices”和 “The large color decisions”可判断，本段介绍了small color choices，故选D项。 36 37 38 39 40 Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas， dinner tables or bookshelves.  　39　. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones， and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. 36 37 38 39 40 A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 答案：G 36 37 38 39 40 根据空后的“require a bigger commitment than smaller ones... and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space”可知，这 里讲述两个方面，这与G项中的“in two major ways”相照应。 36 37 38 39 40 The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls， ceilings， and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint， the time， effort and relative expense put into it are significant.  　40　. 36 37 38 39 40 A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 答案：F 36 37 38 39 40 根据空前的“the time， effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费 用很大，这恰与F项构成因果关系。 36 37 38 39 40 【词汇识记】 1. fundamental adj.基本的；根本的 2. visual adj.视觉的 3. significant adj.重大的 4. changeable adj.变化无常的 5. full of life 充满活力 6. be familiar with 对……熟悉 7. decide v.决定→decision n.决定 8. furnish v.装备；配备→furniture n.家具 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) 1. Over the years， there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. ⁠ 2. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones， and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. ⁠ ⁠ 3. So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time. ⁠ 处理　 花费，使用(资 金、时间、人力)　 受益，划算　 [译文选择] A. 掌握如何在你房间中使用颜色是创建你喜欢居住的房间的第 一步。 B. 掌握如何在你的空地中使用颜色是创建你喜欢居住的房间的第 一步。(　A　) 【难句分析】 A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. A [结构分析] 本句是一个复合句。A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces为 句子的主语，one of the first steps为表语，to creating rooms为介词短 语作后置定语修饰the first steps，you’ll love to live in为省略了关系 代词的定语从句，修饰先行词rooms。 Passage 3　完形填空(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) 　　It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be  　41　 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws，  　42　 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did， he stopped by the “after work auction (拍卖)” 　43　 by the Italian police where things 　44　 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There， among many other things， Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look  　45　above his dining room table.Nicolo and another bidder  　46　 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32. When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily， he  　47　 the paintings with him.He hung them above the same table he had  　48　 from Turin.His son， age 15， who had  　49　 an art appreciation class， thought that there was something  　50　 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought， but when he  　51　 it， he only found “Bonnard，” a French  　52　 he had never heard of.He bought a book and was  　53　 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same  　54　 as his father’s painting. “That’s the garden in our picture，” Nicolo’s son told his father.They  　55　 learned that the painting they  　56　 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They  　57　 the other painting and learned that it was  　58　 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The  　59　 called the Italian Culture Ministry； the official confirmed that the paintings were  　60　 and worth as much as $50 million. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了主人公无意中购得 两幅名家油画真迹的故事。 41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted 答案：C 根据下文中提到的意大利的隐私法可知，此处表示他的真实姓名不 能公开(expose)。attach使依附，贴上，系上；allocate分配；submit 使服从，提交。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried 答案：A 根据下文中的“after work auction”可知，此处表示做完(finish)了 一整夜的工作。delay (使)耽搁，延期，推迟；consider仔细考虑， 认为；try试图，尝试。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run 答案：D 根据上文中的“auction”和下文中的“by the Italian police”可知， 此处表示由意大利警方管理(run)的“下班后拍卖会”。attend出 席，参加；reserve预订，留出；cancel取消，废除。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden 答案：B 根据上文中的“police”和下文中的“on the trains”可知，此处表 示在火车上发现(find)的物品。show展示；keep保留；hide隐藏。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real 答案：A 根据下文尼科洛最终拍下这两幅画可知，此处表示他认为放在餐桌 上方会很好看的(nice)画作。familiar熟悉的；useful有用的；real真 实的。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargained 答案：A 根据上文“...were sold to the highest bidder.(……被卖给出价最高的 人)”和下文“until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32(直到尼科 洛最终以32美元的价格竞得了这两幅画)”可知，此处表示尼科洛 和另外一位竞标人进行了竞争(battle)。debate辩论；discuss讨论； bargain讨价还价。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought 答案：D 根据下文中的“He hung them above the same table...”可知，此处表 示他去西西里岛生活的时候带上(bring)了这些画作。hold拿，握， 持有；leave离开，留下；register登记，挂号邮寄。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved 答案：D 根据上文中的“the same table”和下文中的“from Turin”可知，此 处表示他从都灵搬来(move)的同一张桌子。choose选择，挑选； receive收到，接待；order命令，订购。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led 答案：C 根据下文中的“an art appreciation class”可知，此处表示上(take)艺 术欣赏课。miss错过；fail失败；lead引领。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natural 答案：B 根据下文中的“It was signed...but when he...never heard of.”可知， 此处表示不寻常的事情。句意：……一个年轻姑娘坐在花园椅子上 的那幅画有点儿不寻常(unusual)。concrete具体的，有形的； unappealing没有吸引力的；natural自然的。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed 答案：C 根据上文可知，画的署名是博纳托，或者说他是这么认为的，结合 下文他只找到了博纳尔，一位他从未听说过的法国画家，由此可 知，此处表示他仔细研究(research)了它。appreciate欣赏，感激； touch触摸，感动；witness目睹，目击。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor 答案：A 由上文中的博纳尔以及下文中的“find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair”可知，此处表示一位法国画家 (painter)。artist与painter是近义词。designer设计师；author作家； actor演员。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready 答案：B 下文提到他发现了一幅图画，画家皮埃尔·博纳尔坐在与他父亲的 画中同一个花园里的同一把椅子上，由此可知，此处表示他非常惊 讶(surprised)。expected预期的，预料的；anxious焦急的，焦虑的； ready准备好的，现成的。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden 答案：D 根据上文中的“...with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.”可知， 此处表示同一个花园(garden)。room房间；kitchen厨房；hall大厅。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily 答案：C 根据上文尼科洛无意中拍下这幅画可知，儿子的研究最终 (eventually)让他们了解到这幅画叫作《女孩和两把椅子》。 apparently明显地；confidently自信地；temporarily临时地。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole 答案：A 根据上文可知，尼科洛在拍卖会上拍下这幅画，所以此处表示他们 拥有(own)的这幅画。borrow借；sell卖；steal偷。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied 答案：D 根据上文尼科洛的儿子对一幅画进行研究并得出了结果可知，此处 表示他们研究(study)了另一幅画。collect搜集；clean打扫；frame 给……配框。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically 答案：B 根据上文他们对另一幅画进行了研究可知，此处表示他们了解到这 幅画实际上(actually)是保罗·高更(Paul Gauguin)的《小狗与桌上的 水果静物》。suitably适当地，适宜地；rightly正确地，恰当地； specifically专门地，明确地。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police 答案：C 根据下文给意大利文化部打了电话可知，此处打电话的是尼科洛一 家(family)。girl女孩；artist艺术家；police警察。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents 答案：B 根据下文中的“worth as much as $50 million”可知，这两幅画价格 不菲，此处表示这两幅画都是真迹(original)。copy复制品；model 模型；present礼物。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 【词汇识记】 1. allocate v.分配 2. submit v.提交 3. delay v.延期；耽搁；延误 4. cancel v.取消 5. bargain v.讨价还价 6. concrete adj.具体的 7. eventually adv.最后；终于 8. reserve n.保留；储备(量) v.保留，留出；拥有 9. unappealing adj.令人不快的；不诱人的；无魅力的 10. register v.登记；注册→registration n.登记，注册 11. expose vt.暴露；露出；使接触→exposure n.暴露；曝光时间 【难句分析】 As he often did， he stopped by the “after work auction” run by the Italian police where things found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. [译文选择] A. 和往常一样，他在“下班后拍卖会”的旁边被意大利警方叫 停，那里的物品都是在火车上发现的，卖给出价最高的竞拍者。 B. 和往常一样，他停留在由意大利警方经营的“下班后拍卖会” 的旁边，那里的物品都是在火车上发现的，卖给出价最高的竞拍 者。(　B　) B [结构分析] 本句是一个主从复合句。As he often did是非限制性定语从句，he stopped by the “after work auction”是主句，run by the Italian police 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰“after work auction”；where things found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder是定语从句， 修饰先行词“after work auction”，其中found on the trains是过去分 词短语作后置定语，修饰things。 [话题词汇回测] 1. n.代表作 2. adj.重大的，主要的 3. n.入场费，门票 4. n.同代人 adj.当代的，现代的 5. n.刻画，描绘 6. v.挑选 7. adj.基本的；根本的 8. adj.视觉的 masterpiece　 major　 admission　 contemporary　 characterisation　 select　 fundamental　 visual　 9. adj.重大的 10. adj.变化无常的 11. v.分配 12. v.提交 13. v.延期；耽搁；延误 14. v.取消 15. v.讨价还价 16. adj.具体的 17. n.保留；储备(量) v.保留，留出；拥有 significant　 changeable　 allocate　 submit　 delay　 cancel　 bargain　 concrete　 reserve　 18. adj.令人不快的；不诱人的；无魅力的 19. adv.最后；终于 20. 世界各地，全世界 21. 对……熟悉 22. 一系列 23. 大众，公众 24. 入场费 25. 对……来说是可获得的 26. 充满活力 unappealing　 eventually　 throughout the world　 be familiar with　 a series of　 the general public　 entrance charge　 be available to　 full of life　 27. register v.登记；注册→ n.登记，注册 28. decide v.决定→ n.决定 29. furnish v.装备；配备→ n.家具 30. expose vt.暴露；露出；使接触→ n.暴露；曝光时间 registration　 decision　 furniture　 exposure　 基础考点探究 重点词汇 1. refer to提到；与……相关；涉及；查阅；参考；移交 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①My doctor referred me ⁠ a specialist. ②This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to the “night owl” schedule of sleep. ③There is no direct ⁠ (refer) to her own childhood in the novel. to　 as　 reference　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④你最好研究一下这个例子，并参考下面的解释。 You had better study the example and ⁠ ⁠. refer to the explanation below　 ◎归纳拓展 •refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.将……送交给……(以求获得帮助等)；归功于/ 归咎于 refer to...as...把……称作…… •reference n.提到；参考；查阅；查询 reference books参考书 make reference to提及 ◎写作素材 refer to the notes查阅笔记 refer to global warming提到全球气候变暖 reference materials参考资料 2. expose vt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①As a nurse in the war she was ⁠ (expose) to many dangers. ②He exposed the plan ⁠ the newspapers. ③There is a direct correlation between ⁠ (expose) to the sun and skin cancer. exposed　 to　 exposure　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④我们希望尽可能多地接触艺术和文化。 ⁠ as much art and culture as possible. ◎归纳拓展 •expose sb./sth./oneself to ...使面临/使暴露于…… be exposed to接触到；被暴露于 •exposure n.面临，遭受，揭露 We want to be exposed to　 ◎写作素材 be exposed to considerable danger面临相当大的危险 the room has a southern exposure这间屋朝阳 3. abandon v.抛弃；离弃；放弃；停止做(某事)n.放纵，放任；尽情 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①They abandoned ⁠ (carry) out the plan because of the bad weather. ②They transformed an (abandon) factory into a lab， in which they carry on their research. ③To his mother’s disappointment， the boy abandoned himself to ⁠ (play) computer games. carrying　 abandoned　 playing　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④他沉溺于网络游戏，没有通过考试。 and didn’t pass the exam. He abandoned himself to the Internet games　 ◎归纳拓展 •abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 abandon oneself to 沉湎于；放纵(情感)于 •with abandon 纵情；放任地 •abandoned adj.抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的 ◎写作素材 be abandoned because of financial problems 由于资金问题被放弃 be found abandoned in the woods off the highway 被发现丢弃在高速 公路旁的树林里 4. exist vi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①His failure exists ⁠ his misunderstanding of the situation. ②We have to find ways of making the ⁠(exist) system work better. in　 existing　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③众所周知，年轻人和老年人之间存在着代沟。 As is known to all， ⁠ between the young and the old. there exists a generation gap　 ◎归纳拓展 •exist in 在于 exist on＝live on 靠……生存；靠……生活 There exist(s) ...有…… •existence n.存在；生存；生活 in existence 现存的；存在的 come into existence/being 开始存在 •existing adj.现存的；现行的 ◎写作素材 solve the existing problem in geography 解决现存的地理方面的问题 the only copy of the book in existence 这本书现存的唯一版本 5. spot n.地点；场所；斑点；污点v.发现；认出；弄脏 『练会』 写出下列句中spot的含义 ①We found several good camping spots by the river. ⁠ ②If cancers are spotted early， there is a high chance of survival. ⁠ ③Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove. ⁠ ⁠ ④The floor was spotted with paint， which made him embarrassed. ⁠ 地点；场所　 发现　 斑 点；污点　 满是……斑点　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ⑤我打电话几分钟后，警察就赶到了现场。 The police ⁠ within a few minutes of my telephone call. were on the spot　 ◎归纳拓展 •on the spot 在现场；当场 in a spot 处于困境 •spot sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with 满是……斑点；点缀；散布 [名师点津]　spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句 如缺少状语则用where引导定语从句。 ◎写作素材 spot something moving on the wall 发现有东西在墙上动 yellow with little red spots 黄色带红色小斑点 6. reserve n.保护区；保护圈；预备品，贮存；保留；候补队员vt.储 备，保存；保留；预约，预订 『练会』写出下列句中reserve的含义 ①In the past， villagers usually kept a large reserve of firewood for cold weather. ⁠ ②We were told that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week， but for the week after. ⁠ ③Changbaishan is China’s largest nature reserve and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals. ⁠ ④If you order after that， we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price. ⁠ 贮存　 预订　 保护区　 保留　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ⑤首先，我认为有效的方式就是以一种科学的方法为未来储备 水源。 Firstly， an effective way， I think， is to ⁠ ⁠ for future use. reserve water in a scientific way　 ◎归纳拓展 •without reserve 毫无保留地；直言不讳 in reserve 贮存；备用 •reserve sth.for sb.为某人保留某物 •reservation n.保留；预订(房间、座位等) make a reservation 预订(座位、房间等) •reserved adj.预订的；内敛的 ◎写作素材 be reserved for special guests 留给贵宾的 accept my advice without reserve 毫无保留地接受我的建议 keep some money in reserve， just in case 存些钱备用，以防万一 经典句型 1. The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.这个学校的建筑风格与大多数中国大学有很大 的不同。 [句型公式]　that用作替代词替代前面提到的the style of the campus。 『练会』 选词填空：one，that ①I’m moving to the countryside， because the air there is much fresher than ⁠ in the city. ②Helping others is a habit， ⁠ you can learn at an early age. that　 one　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③我喜欢这所前面有美丽花园的房子，但我没有足够的钱买。 I like this house with a beautiful garden in front，but ⁠ ⁠. I don’t have enough money to buy it　 ◎归纳拓展 •that可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词。其复数形 式为those，相当于the ones。 •one指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”，其复数形式为 ones。 •it特指前面提到过的同一个人或物。 ◎写作素材 At our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine.在我们的工厂里，有几台机器与这本 杂志中描述的机器相似。 2. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint， the time， effort and relative expense put into it are significant.无论你关注的是墙纸 还是涂料，所投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是巨大的。 [句型公式]　Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint是 whether ...or ...引导的让步状语从句，表示“无论……还是……”。 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Parents today do their best to leave possessions for their kids， ⁠ they are rich or poor. ②It doesn’t matter whether you turn right left at the crossing— both roads lead to the park. whether　 or　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③不管你是否获胜，你都会得到一个礼物。 ， you shall get a gift. Whether you achieve your victory or not　 ◎归纳拓展 •whether ...or ...引导让步状语从句时，既可以置于主句之前，也可 以置于主句之后。 •whether ...or .../whether ...or not还可以引导名词性从句，引导主语 从句时常用it作形式主语。 ◎写作素材 This decision will have effects on whether or not he will succeed.这个 决定将影响他是否会成功。 基础知识达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. The results I have seen show an ⁠ (impress) and rapid impact on health outcomes. 2. To satisfy children’s (curious)，we’d better answer their questions patiently. 3. Over the last decade the city ⁠ (witness) pioneering changes. 4. Being exposed ⁠ English frequently enables us to have a good command of this language. impressive　 curiosity　 has witnessed　 to　 5. I’ve only just come here.I’m still not familiar ⁠ the work. 6. The weather of Beijing is colder than ⁠ of Nanjing in winter. 7. ⁠ he will attend the party or not depends on the weather. 8. The two sets of figures are not ⁠ (significant) different. 9. Because they were to move to a new house， they bought a lot of ⁠ (furnish). 10. Smoking is usually referred to a bad habit， so we must say no to it. with　 that　 Whether　 significantly　 furniture　 as　 Ⅱ.完成句子 1. Therefore，the film industry should ⁠ (努力吸引更多的观众). 2. (他推迟告诉她那个消息)， waiting for the right moment. 3. I don’t know (宇宙最 初是怎么形成的). 4. I remember one time we had to (把 汽车丢弃在雪地里). 5. (他们暴露在) radioactive fallout during nuclear weapons tests. make an effort to attract more viewers　 He delayed telling her the news　 how the universe first came into existence　 abandon our car in the snow　 They were exposed to　 写作能力提升 话题写作——应用文增分练 Step 1　写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子) 　　①他被认为是一位著名的画家，喜欢画山水画并因此而闻名。 He was considered to be ， and he ⁠ and ⁠ it. ②人们能从他的绘画中看出他观察自然界很仔细。 People could that he ⁠ ⁠ very carefully. a famous painter　 was fond of drawing landscapes　 well known for　 tell by his paintings　 observed the natural world　 ③为了使画更加生动，他采用了一种新的绘画风格。 In order to ， he ⁠ ⁠. ④尽管他不得不忍受他人的嘲笑，但他相信梦想一定会实现。 Although he had to by others， he believed that his dream ⁠. ⑤由于在他的画中出现了许多生动元素，他大获成功。 As many vivid elements ， he achieved great success. make his paintings more alive　 adopted a new drawing style　 stand being laughed at　 would come true　 appeared in his paintings　 Step 2　表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级) 　　①用分词作状语改写句① ⁠ ⁠ ②用with复合结构改写句⑤ ⁠ ⁠  　Considered to be a famous painter， he was fond of drawing landscapes and well known for it.　  　With many vivid elements appearing in his paintings， he achieved great success.　 Step 3　衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) 　　 ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ 　　 　Considered to be a famous painter， he was fond of drawing landscapes and well known for it. People could tell by his paintings that he observed the natural world very carefully. However， in order to make his paintings more alive， he adopted a new drawing style. Although he had to stand being laughed at by others， he believed that his dream would come true. With many vivid elements appearing in his paintings， he eventually achieved great success.　 微型写作——续写提升练 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之 构成一篇完整的短文。 Pete Richards’ shop had come down to him from his grandfather. In the little front window， gold rings， silver earrings， necklaces and other beautiful jewelry were displayed. On a sunny winter afternoon， a little girl was standing before the window， her forehead against the glass， studying each treasure， as if she were looking for something quite special. Finally she straightened up with a satisfied smile and entered the store. Behind the counter stood Pete himself， a man not more than 30. “Mister， would you please show me that blue necklace in the window？” the little girl asked eagerly. “It’s just perfect，” she said， entirely to herself. Pete took out the necklace. “Are you buying it for someone？” Pete asked. “It is for my sister. She takes care of me. You see， this will be the first New Year since Mother died. I’ve been looking for the most wonderful present for my sister. Will you wrap it up pretty for me， please？” “How much money do you have？” asked Pete. The little girl poured out a handful of pennies on the counter and explained， “I emptied my bank.” Pete looked at her thoughtfully. Then he carefully drew back the necklace. The price tag (标签) was visible to him but not her. How could he tell her？ “Just a minute，” he said， and turned towards the back of the store. Here placed the price tag with a new one. Over his shoulder he called， “What’s your name？” “Jean Grace.” When Pete turned to where Jean Grace waited， a package lay in his hand， wrapped in blue paper and tied with a red ribbon.“Here you are，” he said. She smiled happily at him as she ran out of the door. When Jean got home， she gave the gift to her sister. Jean’s sister was surprised at the gift. The blue necklace was so beautiful， and it might cost a lot. But she knew that Jean had never had more than a few pennies. How could she pay for it？ She carefully held the necklace and looked closely at the price tag. It read “costs： love”. Her heart was touched gently by the simple words. “Where did you get it？” she asked. Jean told her the address of the store. And she packed the necklace back again and said， “Let’s go！” 注意：续写词数应为80左右。 The two sisters went back to the store to return the necklace. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ⁠ 　　　　　　 ⁠ 　　　　　　　 ⁠ [参考范文]  　The two sisters went back to the store to return the necklace.　Jean’s sister put the package on the counter and asked， “Did this come from your shop？” Pete raised his eyes to hers and answered softly， “Yes， it did.” Jean’s sister said it cost more than Jean afforded so they couldn’t keep it. Pete insisted that the necklace be kept by the sisters and said， “She paid the highest price anyone can ever pay. She gave all she had.” 课时作业 [话题语篇强化] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　(2023·浙江绍兴诊断)Brazilian artist Néle Azevedo is best known for big public art pieces.The artist carves hundreds of 20-centimeter-tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atop outdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world，where they quickly melt.The faceless sculptures drip and stream into small puddles as time passes. Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activists’ art against climate change. 　　But is it？ Yes and (mostly) no. 　　The mass of melting bodies makes a natural connection with the threat humankind faces due to rising global temperatures.“Its close link with that subject is evident，”said the artist.In addition to the threat of global warming itself，the sheer number of sculptures sitting together also calls attention to the fact that we humans are all in it together.“Such kind of threat also finally puts man in his place，his fate is along with the destiny of the planet，and he is not the‘king’ of nature，but an essential element of it，”continues Azevedo on her website. 　　“I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite，”she says.“I made small figures that sit on the floor.It doesn’t honor anybody.It does honor the unknown.” 　　Azevedo explains，“In a few-minute action，the rules of the monument are inverted：in the place of the hero，the unknown；in the place of the solidity of the stone，the momentary process of the ice；in the place of the monument size，the minimum size of the perishable (易腐烂的) bodies.”Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence，and the sight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴西艺术 家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被环保主义者视作一种对抗 气候变化的艺术。 1. What can we learn about Néle Azevedo’s artworks？ A. They are put in public places for artists to appreciate. B. They are adopted as a way of showing artistic talents. C. They are linked with the threat of climate change. D. They are considered as a symbol of unity. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her works have ...climate change.” 可知，她的作品被环保主义者视为一种对抗气候变化的激进艺术。 据此可知，她的作品与气候变化的威胁有关。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2. Which of the following can best replace the word “inverted” in paragraph 5？ A. kept track of B. turned upside down C. laid emphasis on D. taken into account 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I took every ...made the opposite”可 知，该艺术家利用了传统纪念碑的每一个特点，并做了相反的东 西。根据第五段中的“in the place of the hero ...size of the perishable bodies”可知，在有英雄的地方放无名之人；在石头坚固的地方展 示冰的短暂过程；在放置纪念碑的地方放最小尺寸的易腐物体。据 此可知，纪念碑规则被颠倒了，画线词inverted和turned upside down意思相近。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3. What can be inferred about the square show from the last paragraph？ A. It is permanent by nature. B. It lacks practical influence. C. It takes long to see the results. D. It conveys the artist’s exact intention. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Originally Azevedo ...does that brilliantly.”可知，最初，Azevedo希望她的艺术作品能让人们思考 无常，而冰变成水坑的景象无疑成功地做到了这一点。据此可以推 知，该艺术家在广场上展示的作品传达了她的确切意图。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ A. Public Interest in Contemporary Art B. Ice Figures Transforming into Water C. Responsibility Demanded from Activist Artists D. Mini Sculptures Echoing the Climate Crisis 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她希望通过自己的作品让人们思考无常，冰 变成水坑的景象无疑成功地做到了这一点，因此B项“冰人变成 水”点明主旨，最适合作本文标题。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B 　　(2023·江苏无锡调研)More than a decade ago，the UK’s Royal Society offered ￡ 1 million to the first person in the world to create a chemical-free product. No one has yet claimed the money because it is impossible. Water is a chemical. So is your tea. Yet there is still so much confusion about everyday products，from cleaning sprays to cosmetics (化妆品).While some are labeled as chemical free，others declare they are non-poisonous，natural and eco-friendly. 　　To work out whether products contain harmful chemicals，which are harmful or dangerous to us or the planet，we need to look at the bigger picture of how something is produced and where it ends up after we have used it. Our homes are just a snapshot (照片) of a complex global supply chain. Your handbag may not be dangerous，but direct exposure to the chromium salts used in commercial leather factories can cause uncomfortable conditions in people involved in its production. And the chlorine bleach (漂白剂) that gets washed down the toilet？ That is poisonous to animals relying on water. 　　Labels are so full of jargon (行业术语)； however，identifying what is good and what isn’t can feel impossible. A starting point is to not be tricked by marketing words. Even the term “sustainable” has no official definition，so for green credentials (环保资质) look for proof of claims in the form of certificates，such as Cradle to Cradle，which ensures the chemicals used are safe for people and the environment， and that they get reused in the production process. 　　Also be skeptical about labels focusing on what a product doesn’t contain，such as “paraben-free” or “no harmful substances”.Real transparency(透明度)is about making clear the things that are used to make products，not taking our attention away from them. 　　Therefore，until long-term effects on people and the planet are investigated，we should choose brands that are fully transparent and call for clearer labeling from the rest. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。没有人能保证所使用的商 品不含有化学物质，虽然我们日常使用的清洁剂到化妆品都标注其 不含化学物质，但是我们也要对此持怀疑态度。本文主要说明了作 者对于产品标签的看法及如何鉴别产品。 5. Why does the author mention the UK’s Royal Society？ A. To explain a concept. B. To lead to a topic. C. To provide a solution. D. To make a prediction. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。文章第一段讲到十多年前，英国皇家学会承诺给世界 上第一个发明无化学物质产品的人奖励100万英镑，但目前还没有 人收到这笔奖赏，因为这是不可能的。接着提出本文主题：产品的 标签往往反映着其是否含有化学物质。据此可知，文章提到英国皇 家学会是为了引出文章主题。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6. What message does the author convey by mentioning “handbag” in paragraph 2？ A. The production process may be harmful to producers. B. Daily items at home are dangerous to the planet. C. Commercial leather factories reflect a complex global supply chain. D. Health conditions of consumers are supposed to be attached importance to. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Your handbag may ...in its production.”可知，你的手提包可能不危险，但直接接触商业皮革 工厂使用的铬盐会使参与生产的人感到不适。据此可以推知，作者 提到“手提包”是想要说明生产过程可能对生产者有害。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7. How can people make right judgments on labels？ A. By relying on marketing words. B. By identifying product brands. C. By focusing on product packaging. D. By checking on authorized certifications. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Even the term ...the production process.”可知，环保资质需要以证书的形式提供证明，比如Cradle to Cradle，以确保所使用的化学品对人和环境都是安全的，并在生 产过程中得到重复利用。据此可知，人们通过检查授权证书对标签 做出正确的判断。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8. What’s the author’s attitude towards the labels of products？ A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Cautious. D. Unclear. 答案：C 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，作者认为，要对标签上 强调的产品不含的东西持怀疑态度，比如“不含防腐剂”或“不含 有害物质”，据此可推知，作者对产品标签持谨慎的态度。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是什么是惊 讶以及惊讶的力量。 　　(2023·山东青岛调研)Surprise is the error signal our brains produce when something unexpected happens. It is a dopamine (多巴 胺) trigger， producing the neurotransmitter (神经递质) that drives attention and motivation.  　1　 It makes us stop，notice，and learn. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Point out his weakness. B. It was essential adaptation for humans. C. Identify the opposite side of the same coin. D. Also，it will make less difference to one’s mind. E. Here is an example the author shares in his book. F. To put it simply，surprise is a big deal to our brains. G. Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are. 答案：F 1 2 3 4 5 空前讲述了惊讶的基本信息。空后讲了惊讶对我们的作用。由此可 知，空处应承上启下，介绍惊讶与我们有关的基本信息，故F项符 合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 　　In his book The Power of Surprise， Rousell presents his finding from decades of his research： 　2　 They form our self-concept. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Point out his weakness. B. It was essential adaptation for humans. C. Identify the opposite side of the same coin. D. Also，it will make less difference to one’s mind. E. Here is an example the author shares in his book. F. To put it simply，surprise is a big deal to our brains. G. Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前的“In his book ...of his research”可知，在他的书中， Rousell介绍了他几十年来的研究发现。由此可知，空处应说明研究 发现具体是什么。G选项“惊讶带来的体验塑造了我们所认为的自 己”承接上文，且空后的they指代G项中的experiences，故G项符合 语境。 1 2 3 4 5 　　 　3　 Samantha felt her shyness was a weakness，until her swim coach surprised her by naming her captain. He said，“She may be quiet，but when this girl says something，you’re going to want to listen.” The surprise left her feeling quietly powerful. The change in her beliefs and behavior was instant and lasting. 　　Not all surprising moments are created equal. Rousell illustrates some research-backed steps to use surprise well. 1 2 3 4 5 A. Point out his weakness. B. It was essential adaptation for humans. C. Identify the opposite side of the same coin. D. Also，it will make less difference to one’s mind. E. Here is an example the author shares in his book. F. To put it simply，surprise is a big deal to our brains. G. Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are. 答案：E 1 2 3 4 5 本空为该段主旨句。根据空后内容可知，Samantha觉得害羞是她的 弱点，直到她的游泳教练任命她为队长，这让她大吃一惊。教练的 话让她觉得自己很强大。她的信念和行为发生了立刻而持久的变 化。由此可知，这是列举的一个具体例子，故E项“下面是作者在 他的书中分享的一个例子”符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 　　Spot self-criticism you’d like to help someone revise. For example，perhaps your student sees himself as a slow learner，or your employee believes he lacks creativity.  　4　 Maybe the student who thinks he learns slowly is also very thorough. The employee who thinks he lacks creativity is highly logical. Make your message quick and to the point. The more you delay on the topic or dress it up as flowery praise，the less surprising it will be.  　5　5 1 2 3 4 5 A. Point out his weakness. B. It was essential adaptation for humans. C. Identify the opposite side of the same coin. D. Also，it will make less difference to one’s mind. E. Here is an example the author shares in his book. F. To put it simply，surprise is a big deal to our brains. G. Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前内容可知，学生也许认为自己学习很慢，员工也许认 为自己缺乏创造力。根据空后内容可知，认为自己学得慢的学 生也许是很仔细周到的；认为自己缺乏创造力的员工也许是很 有逻辑的。由此可知，我们要看到一件事情的另一面，C项承上 启下，符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 　　Spot self-criticism you’d like to help someone revise. For example，perhaps your student sees himself as a slow learner，or your employee believes he lacks creativity.  　4　 Maybe the student who thinks he learns slowly is also very thorough. The employee who thinks he lacks creativity is highly logical. Make your message quick and to the point. The more you delay on the topic or dress it up as flowery praise，the less surprising it will be.  　5　5 1 2 3 4 5 A. Point out his weakness. B. It was essential adaptation for humans. C. Identify the opposite side of the same coin. D. Also，it will make less difference to one’s mind. E. Here is an example the author shares in his book. F. To put it simply，surprise is a big deal to our brains. G. Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 根据空前的“The more you ...less surprising it will be.”可知，你在 这个话题上越拖延，或者把它粉饰成华丽的赞美，它就越不令人惊 讶。故D项“而且，它对一个人的思想影响较小”符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于京剧 的一些知识。 　　(2023·广东广州调研)The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press the pause button and think about the things that get 1. 　　　　 (good) with time：antiques，aged wine，long-term relationships and expertise over the years. 1. 考查形容词比较级。结合常识和本句描述可知，此处指随着时间 流逝而变得更好的东西，所以空处填better。 答案：better 　　Peking Opera is a slow process too. An often-repeated saying goes as follows：three minutes on stage，10 years 2. 　　　　 stage. It’s meant as a nod to its demanding nature and a reminder of its high standards that ensure that any performance 3. 　　　　 (do) in the way the forefathers wanted. 2. 考查介词。结合本句描述可知，此处是中国谚语“台上三分钟， 台下十年功”。对应表示台上的介词on，此处指的是台下，所以空 处填off。 答案：off 3. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在 句中作谓语。此处描述了一个客观事实，时态用一般现在时；do意 为“做”，与主语是被动关系；主语any performance为单数概念。 所以空处填is done。 答案：is done 　　Peking Opera is demanding because of the extensive list of skills it 4. 　　　　 (require).A performer is an actor， singer，dancer， acrobat， mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They’re also expected 5. 　　　　 (apply) delicate make-up，put on heavy costumes and， 6. 　　　　 (depend) on their character，perform on stage in 15 cm platform shoes. 4. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在 定语从句中作谓语。此处为客观描述，时态用一般现在时；require 意为“需要，要求”，与主语是主动关系；主语it指代京剧，为单 数概念。所以空处填requires。 答案：requires 5. 考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定表达be expected to do sth.，所以 空处填to apply。 答案：to apply 6. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语。depend与 主语they是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以空处填depending。 答案：depending 　　There is so much to take in 7. 　　　　 disciples (门徒) usually start their career as young children，spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage. 7. 考查固定句型。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为 so ...that ...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，故填that。 答案：that 　　So what chance does 8. 　　　　 theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera？ Do I have what it takes to put on a 9. 　　　　 (success) show？ There’s only one way to find out：I’m rolling up my sleeves and training under the 10. 　　　　 (guide) of senior stage masters in the field. 8. 考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处泛指“一个戏剧初学者”，且 theatre的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填a。 答案：a 9. 考查词性转换。空后show是名词，应用形容词修饰，且此处表示 “成功的”，故填successful。 答案：successful 10. 考查词性转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应填名词 guidance。 答案：guidance 写作规范练(三) 第一节　(满分15分) 　　(2023·山东泰安期中)假定你是李华，你准备参加学校即将举办 的英文歌曲大赛。请给你班交换生Anna写一封邮件请她给予指 导，内容包括： 　　1. 说明比赛要求； 　　2. 请她推荐歌曲； 　　3. 请求陪同练习。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Anna， ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Yours sincerely， Li Hua 　　I’m writing to ask for your help. Our school will hold an English singing contest next weekend. I have signed up for it.  　It is required that the theme should be about nature　.Each contestant is given up to five minutes to sing the song. So， would you please give me some recommendations on which song to choose？ Besides， 　what I need　is the skills of singing， including pronunciation and intonation， 　which will perfect my performance　.I’d appreciate it if you could practice with me. [参考范文]  　Dear Anna，　 　　Looking forward to your reply.  　Yours sincerely，　 　Li Hua　 第二节　(满分25分) 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之 构成一篇完整的短文。 　　(2023·山东潍坊模拟)Joyce was in the fourth grade and he joined the noisy children of his class as usual.“Children！ Silence！”Mangat Madam suddenly entered the class.She announced that next week would be the math week.“I’d like each of you to work on a project.You could do it individually or in a group，” she instructed.“The topic for the project needs approving tomorrow and it has to be displayed at the math week exhibition.The best project will be awarded and there is also a surprise gift from my side，”she added. 　　Joyce，who was extremely good at math，sat in the corner seat of the first bench with Karan.Karan asked Joyce if they could work on the math project together.Joyce replied in a prideful tone，“Ha ha，you want to join me.I think I will do the project on my own.”Joyce wanted to get awarded and the surprise gift all for himself from Mangat Madam. 　　After deep consideration，Joyce decided to work on a math magic quiz on the circuit board.The next day in school，Mangat Madam arrived in the classroom and all the children submitted their topics for the math exhibition.They all chose to work in a group except Joyce.In the following days，Joyce gathered all the materials for the project such as wires， bulbs (电灯泡)， a switch and a thin plywood board (胶合 板). He worked out a few mathematical basic operations to be fixed on the board so that when the wire of the circuit touched the right answer，the bulb glowed.Joyce completed the project and was happy with the result. 　　The evening before the exhibition while packing his school bags， Joyce again checked the project to see if it was working fine.Alas！All the lights that were to glow did not seem to light at all.Without finding the reason，Joyce was tensed.However，he decided to take the same project to school as he couldn’t change the topic at the last minute.Then came the next day，and everybody was fascinated in the exhibition. ⁠ 　　注意：续写词数应为150左右。 　　It was Joyce’s turn to display his project. ⁠ 　　　　　 ⁠ 　　　　　 ⁠ 　　Finally，the teacher announced that Karan’s team was the winner. 　　　　　 ⁠ 　　　　　 ⁠⁠ 　　写作思路：[故事梗概] Joyce是个数学很好的孩子，他的老师布置了一个数学项目， 获胜者将会得到奖品和礼物。Joyce自认为可以独立完成，拒绝了 Karan合作的建议。 　　[续写思路] 续写第一段的提示句写到“轮到Joyce展示他的方案了”，故 本段续写应该描述Joyce展示方案的过程，再结合文章最后一段的 信息和续写第二段的提示句可知，Joyce的展示没有使他获得冠 军，而Karan的团队获得了冠军，故本段续写还应该描写Karan小组 展示方案。根据续写第二段的提示句“Finally，the teacher announced that Karan’s team was the winner.”可知，Karan的团队获 得了冠军，再结合文章信息可知，Joyce失败的原因是他缺乏团队 意识，拒绝和Karan合作，故本段续写还应描写Joyce对失败的反 思，最终明白了团队合作的重要性。 [参考范文] 　　 　It was Joyce’s turn to display his project.　  　Making his way to the platform with heavy steps　，Joyce placed all the materials for his project well and began to conduct his math magic quiz on the circuit board. He prayed in his heart that his lights would glow again but in vain.  　Hearing other students whispering to each other　，Joyce’s face  　flushed with shame　. He  　ducked his head　 and stepped back to his seat.And then Karan’s team showed their project. With joint efforts， they made it. 　　 　Finally，the teacher announced that Karan’s team was the winner.　 All the students burst into thunderous applause on hearing that.Karan and his partners walked up to the front with great excitement. They were awarded and also received the surprise gift from Mangat Madam. After class，Joyce approached Karan，expressed admiration for his team’s project and congratulated on their success sincerely. That day Joyce learnt the biggest lesson of his life： 　it is always better to work as a team rather than to work alone　. $$