专题06 阅读理解（名校期中真题，16篇）-【刷题补漏】2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中易错题特训（沪教牛津版）

2024-2025学年一线教师制作期中精品复习系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作期中精品复习系列资料，已编校！ 专题06 阅读理解（名校期中真题，16篇） （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）A couple of university students created the Plufl. It is the world’s first dog bed for humans. If you are thinking that the Plufl is just an oversized dog bed, you are right. However, according to its creators, the University of British Columbia students Noah Silverman and Yuki Kinoshita, it is much more than that. The Plufl can provide the most comfortable sleeping experience and a feeling of safety. It is helpful to people who have sleeping problems. The price of the Plufl is $400. Although it is not the cheapest dog bed in the world, the Plufl seems to have a lot of fans. Noah Silverman and Yuki Kinoshita thought of the idea of a dog bed for humans while they were hanging out at a coffee shop. They made friends with both a lady and her pet dog called Coco. They saw Coco sleeping in its custom-made bed. This made Noah ask himself, “Why can’t people have this?” So he put his idea into practice with Yuki. Unlike an actual dog bed, the Plufl is much more comfortable. The foam cushion (泡沫垫) allows users to rest their heads on it when they want. Also, each bed has a bag so that it can be easily kept. The shape of the bed is as cute as the fetal position (胎儿睡姿). It is the most common and comfortable sleep form according to research. And the thick pillow allows users to curl (卷) up their hands and feet, so they have a feeling of safety. Noah thinks it will be popular with people. 1．How did Noah have the idea of creating the Plufl? A．By reading at a coffee shop. B．By asking a lady at a coffee shop. C．By seeing a dog sleeping in its bed. D．By talking with Yuki Kinoshita at a coffee shop. 2．What can’t give users a comfortable sleeping experience? A．The foam cushion. B．The bag of each bed. C．The shape of the bed. D．The bed’s thick pillow. 3．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．The fetal position. B．The creator’s practice. C．The sleeping experience. D．The feeling of safety. 4．In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article? A．History. B．Science. C．Education. D．Environment. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）The Chongyang Festival is a traditional festival in China. It is also called the Double Ninth Festival. It is on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. It is popular among Chinese people. Here are some interesting facts about this festival. How does this festival get its name? In a book called Yi Jing, the number “6” means “Yin” and the number “9” means “Yang”. “Yin” means darkness and “Yang” means life and brightness. The number “9” appears in both the month and the day, so the festival is called the Double Ninth Festival, or the Chongyang Festival. In Chinese, “chong” means “double”. Some customs (习俗) at the Chongyang Festival Here is a story about two customs. In ancient times, there was a man named Huang Jing. One day, he and his teacher Fei Changfang were climbing a mountain. Fei Changfang suddenly stopped and said to Huang Jing that his family would have a big problem on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. He told Huang Jing that he should ask his family members to leave home and climb to the top of a mountain. And they must all drink some chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒). After hearing this, Huang Jing thought he had to hasten to his home. He rode a horse and didn’t have a rest on his way home. The whole family climbed a nearby mountain and did not return until the evening. When they got back home, they found all their animals were dead. Since then, climbing a mountain and drinking chrysanthemum wine became the traditional activities of the Double Ninth Festival to drive away bad luck. Nowadays, the Double Ninth Festival is also a time for family to do some exercise as well as enjoy the beauty of autumn. 1．Why does the writer mention a book called Yi Jing? A．It is a famous book in China. B．The festival first appeared in the book. C．It introduces some interesting festivals. D．The book tells about the meanings of “Yin” and “Yang”. 2．What happened to Huang Jing? A．His teacher gave him a big problem. B．There was something bad in his home. C．One of his family members left quietly. D．His family forgot to drink chrysanthemum wine. 3．What does the underlined word “hasten” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Go quickly. B．Come carefully. C．Walk loudly. D．Turn slowly. 4．In which part of a magazine would you probably read this article? A．Chinese Food. B．Western Food. C．Chinese Festivals. D．Western Festivals. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Do you want to spend your summer holiday in a meaningful way? Do you want to make a difference to the lives of children? Join us now and become a volunteer teacher of English! We are a charity (慈善机构) and we help children in poor areas in India. We need volunteers to join us and teach English to these children, and help make their lives better. Volunteer teachers will work with children aged 6 to 15 and teach classes up to 30 children. We welcome volunteers with or without teaching experience. We will organize a two- week training before you go to India. This is a special chance to gain important life experience. You will meet other young people from all over the world, and learn more about Indian culture. Most importantly, you will make a difference to a community (团体) in need. Education can change a child’s life forever. Help us make that change today. What our volunteers say: “This has been a wonderful experience. I loved teaching my class and India is a beautiful country. I’ll never forget the three months I spent here!” —— Jane “After my 2-month volunteering experience there, I realize how lucky I’m at home. Some children in India live in very poor conditions, but they’re very hard- working. They want to improve the lives of their families in the future. I’m very happy to be able to help them in some small ways.” —— Mike To join us, you can email us at teachervolunteers@yahoo.com or call us at 60998979. Come and be a member of the big family! 1．What kind of volunteers are needed? A．ORBIS doctors. B．English teachers. C．UNICEF workers. D．Environmental volunteers. 2．What life experience can a volunteer teacher get? ① make friends with young people from all over the world ② get free meals in India ③ learn more about Indian culture ④ help improve the poor conditions in education in India A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 3．Who do the volunteers help in India? A．The elderly. B．The sick adults. C．Kids in poor areas. D．People with disabilities. 4．How does Mike like his experience as a volunteer? A．He realizes how unlucky he is. B．He doesn’t think the voluntary work is useful. C．He will always remember his three-month stay in India. D．He’s glad to make a little difference to the lives of Indian children. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. Now, experts are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. Is it possible to be born shy? Many experts say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave (表现) shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, experts think that some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Experts at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had elder brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. You may also be shy because of where you were born. When experts studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One expert says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy. For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But experts say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don’t forget—if you are shy, you are not the only one. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Happiness. B．Shyness. C．Kindness. D．Loneliness. 2．What does the underlined word “genetic” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passed down from parents. B．Learned from friends. C．Taught by teachers. D．Made up by brothers. 3．What can be learned from the passage? A．Most little babies are born shy and quiet. B．If you are shy now, you will be shy forever. C．Many shy children have elder brothers and sisters. D． Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions. 4．How can shy people can get over their shyness according to the experts? A．By blaming their failure on outside reasons. B．By trying new things and practicing conversation. C．By getting themselves away from their shy parents. D．By trying to understand reasons for their shyness. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）I was playing at the front gate, trying to decide whether to walk down the street to play with Jenny, when I saw a poor man coming up the road. “Hello, little girl,” he said, “is your mama at home?” I nodded and opened the gate to let him get in the yard. He looked like all the homeless men who came to my home before. His messy hair hung below a shapeless hat, and his old shirt and trousers had been rained on and slept in. He smelled bad. He walked to the door. When my mother appeared, he asked, “Lady, could you spare something to eat?” “I think so. Please sit on the step.” Later, my mother came back and handed him a sandwich made from homemade bread and generous pieces of boiled meat. She also gave him a bottle of milk. “I thank you, lady,” he said. I played at the gate, watching the man wolf down the sandwich and empty the cup. After finishing the food, he stood up and walked back through the gate. “▲” he told me on the way out. Jenny had said all the homeless men told each other who would feed them. “They never come to my house!” she had said proudly and happily. “So why does Mama feed the poor man?” I wondered. I walked inside. “Jenny’s mama says those men are too lazy to work. Why do we feed them?” My mother smiled. “Sweetheart, we don’t know why these men don’t work,” she said, “but they were babies once. And their mamas loved them, just like I love you.” She put her hands on my shoulders and drew me close to her. “For me, I fed them for their mothers, because if you were ever hungry and had nothing to eat, I would want others’ mothers to feed you.” I seemed to find out the answer to my question and understand that. 1．After the poor man came to the writer’s home, the mother ________. A．made a cake for him B．gave him some money C．invited him to have some coffee D．offered him some food 2．The story happened in the order of ________. a. My mother communicated with the poor man b. I understood my mother after talking to her. c. I played at the gate and watched the poor man having food. d. I opened the gate to let him get in the yard. e. The poor man stood up and walked back through the gate. A．d-c-a-b-e B．a-e-d-c-b C．c-a-e-d-b D．d-a-c-e-b 3．Which of the following can be put in the __▲__? A．They said your mama would feed me. B．I would like to come to play with you again. C．It’s kind of you to let me stay here for one night. D．We will ask Jenny’s mother to feed us, too. 4．The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to ________. A．the reason why the mother fed the poor man B．the talk between the mother and the writer C．the question that Jenny didn’t know before D．the fact that Jenny’s family wouldn’t let the poor men in 5．Where may you see this article? A．In a research report. B．In a novel. C．In a science magazine. D．In a menu. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems? How many times, for example, do you find yourself saying things like “I really don’t understand this maths problem”, or “I can’t get into the school team”? Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change everything. “I really don’t understand this maths problem yet.” “I can’t get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening. I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school find out that the old “pass/fail system” wasn’t helping students’ motivation (积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who didn’t pass often felt like failures. So now students who don’t pass the exams will not see a big red F on their papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way. This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset don’t concentrate on failure. They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are happy to give up when things don’t go right. They don’t think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset. But don’t worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ★ Remember that it all starts with questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can’t or you haven’t and realize that you just can’t or haven’t yet. Once you start doing this, you’ll wonder why you didn’t do it before. It’s one small but very powerful word. 1．The effect of adding the word “yet” is ________. A．everything is impossible B．you can always succeed C．you are going to start to win D．you won’t feel upset about your failures 2．The example in Paragraph 2 is to ________. A．express a feeling B．describe a problem C．show the result D．support the topic 3．According to the passage, which one of the following has “a growth mindset”? A．Jack got an “A” in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents. B．David failed in a competition, but he stayed confident and kept trying. C．Jenny found it hard to work out the maths problem, so she gave it up. D．Emma was refused by school team. She didn’t want to have another try. 4．Which of the following can be put into ★? A．Experts will help you grow up healthily in mind B．You can train yourself to develop a growth mindset C．Everyone has his own advantages and disadvantages D．You can change everything by adding the small word “yet” 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The Power of “Yet” B．Two Different Mindsets C．Nothing Is Impossible D．On the Way to Success （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）The stadium (体育馆) of Hangzhou Asian Games is sometimes called the “Small Lotus” (莲花). The Games are going to be very “smart” with the use of many exciting technologies. On the top of the stadium, there are eight “petals” (花瓣). When it rains, the petals will close. What if there’s an accident during the game and the athletes need first aid (急救)? Drones (无人机) can be used to send things over. They can fly as far as 20 kilometers and travel 16 meters in one second. Medicine and other things needed for first aid can be sent to people rapidly. Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. There is a special system that can tell people’s faces. If a “stranger” goes into the kitchen, an alarm will go off to let people know. The managers of the kitchen will also get messages on their phones. What’s more, you can try the Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse (元宇宙)! There’s a mini program on Alipay. Inside, it’s like an online cartoon world. Also, you can have your own character in the metaverse. You can choose clothes for your character, “run” around the stadiums and even talk with other online users. Augmented reality (AR, 增强现实技术) can help if you can’t find your way. There’s a mini program called the Hangzhou Asian Games AR service. You simply turn on your phone’s camera and it will see where you are and then show you the way. You can also get more information about the stadiums as you walk by. 1．What is the use of “petals”? A．To show the beginning of the game. B．To stop people from getting wet. C．To show what time it is. D．To move heavy things quickly. 2．Drones can be used to do the following things EXCEPT ________. A．They can fly as far as 20 kilometers. B．They can travel 16 meters in one second. C．They can send food messages to managers. D．They can send medicine. 3．What does the underlined word “rapidly” probably mean? A．quietly B．conveniently C．quickly D．directly 4．Why does the writer mention Augmented reality in paragraph 5? A．To describe the importance of phones. B．To encourage people to try the new technology. C．To introduce how to check information. D．To show Augmented reality would help out people who are lost. 5．Which might be the best title of the passage? A．Technologies in the Hangzhou Asian Games B．The AR Service C．The Asian Games D．The Smart Inventions （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）①How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago, there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time.   ②About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people could know midday. On cloudy days or at night, it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. But they failed to make people know the exact time. ③In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. In 1927, the first quartz (石英) clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. Nowadays, satellites can send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. ④There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed and not being late for school or work. 1．According to the passage, we can’t use ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 3．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of ancient clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）A kind of strange food has become popular on the Internet. There are many videos about it. In the videos, people are grilling ice cubes (烤冰块) and adding salt and spices (香料) to them. According to a number of news reports from China, this strange street snack became famous because of a short video. It was taken at a street food stall in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. In it, we can see large ice cubes being cooked over a very strong heat and added with spices before being served on a plate. We can’t see anyone actually eating the dish, but it is very popular on hot summer days. After the video became popular, the street food stall owner was asked about his popular dish. The man came up with the idea for grilled ice on a hot day as a way to cool people off. It was a joke at first. But people ended up loving it. So he kept making it. The strange street food doesn’t cost anything, but people want to try it. I know what you’re thinking: does this count as cold or hot food? It’s hard to say. It is cooked over a very strong heat but not enough for the ice to melt completely. 1．Where was the short video of this strange street snack taken? A．At a street food stall in Nanjing. B．At a street food stall in Nanchang. C．In a famous restaurant in Nanchang. D．At the stall owner’s home. 2．Why did the street food stall owner come up with the idea for grilled ice? A．To make people laugh. B．To cool people off on hot days. C．To create a new street food trend. D．To attract more customers. 3．How much does the strange street food cost? A．It is free. B．It is very expensive. C．It depends on the size of the ice cubes. D．The price is not mentioned in the text. 4．What can we know about the grilled ice cubes? A．They don’t have any flavor. B．People love eating this special snack. C．The ice cubes are cooked over a very gentle heat. D．The ice cubes melt completely when cooking. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain how to make the strange street food. B．To provide information about a new food trend. C．To make the street food stall owner’s business better. D．To discuss the popularity of a kind of strange food on the Internet. （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Gentoo penguins are fast. They are the fastest swimming birds in the world. Now, scientists think they know how they do it. The birds’ trick is called “feathering.” It changes the angle of their wings while swimming. That helps them achieve faster speed. Bo Yin is a scientist. He works at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing. He and other scientists watched videos of the birds. They also made computer models of penguin wings in motion (动作). Then, they looked at the models. They saw the effect of feathering. How does feathering work? A penguin raises the bottoms of its wings. It moves them forward or back. That changes the wings’ angle to the water and also reduces the water resistance against a penguin’s wings. That means less water pushes against the wings. This lets the penguin move ahead faster. How often a Gentoo flaps (拍打) its wings also plays an important role. Flapping many times per second helps the bird move forward. But it uses more energy. So, it’s not really the best way to gain speed. Yin and his team found the most efficient way for penguins is to tilt their wings back 18 degrees and flap about once per second. H. Tanaka, an engineer, has studied penguin movement. A computer model can capture many key details of penguin wings, he says. But still, it isn’t 100 percent true. “This model was still simpler than the real penguin,” Tanaka says. 1．What is the Gentoo penguin known for? A．Being the largest penguin species. B．Being the smallest penguin species. C．Being the best diver among penguins. D．Being the fastest swimming bird in the world. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The meaning of feathering. B．The ways feathering work. C．The study about feathering. D．The importance of feathering. 3．What does “gain” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．develop B．reduce C．stop D．change 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．In the future, more detailed work is needed. B．The wing model was as flat as the real penguin. C．The study failed to capture the movement of the bird. D．The model failed to get the details of penguin wings. 5．Where can you find this article? A．A science fiction. B．A science magazine. C．A story book. D．An encyclopedia. （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can also be dangerous because other animals may hurt those who are sleeping. This leads to many different ways of sleeping that help them stay safe. Some of these ways may surprise you! Almost all bats sleep upside down. They hang from a branch of a tree or the ceiling of a cave. Up high, bats are safe from most other animals. If they are in danger,they just fly away. A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphin mothers and babies can go without sleep for as long as two months to stay safe. Some ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help to keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep deeply with both eyes closed. Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop some of them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Sleeping deep underwater helps these seals stay safe from animals that hunt them near the surface. Horses often sleep standing up. Their legs lock in place so they don’t fall over. If a horse is lying down, it needs a long time to get up. A horse can run from danger more quickly if it is already standing. Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They fly for many hours without flapping（拍打）their wings. Sometimes they sleep while they are flying. Would you like to sleep how they sleep? 1．The animals that sleep with half their brains are ________. A．ducks and seals B．dolphins and ducks C．bats and dolphins D．horses and sea birds 2．Horses often stand up when they sleep because ________. A．they car run from danger quickly B．they are afraid of falling over C．this helps them to sleep deeply D．it takes them a long time to go to sleep 3．The underlined word “hunt” probably means ________. A．offer to help B．come to teach C．want to kill D．refuse to protect 4．Which of the following statements is true? A．Dolphins actually do not need to sleep. B．Ducks can sleep with their eyes closed. C．Seals can sleep for over twenty minutes at a time. D．Seabirds can sleep with the help of their wings. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Sleep as animals do B．Sleep to stay healthy C．How animals sleep D．What sleeping animals are like （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）How would you solve Maths problems if you didn’t have a calculator or a computer? For centuries, people in China have used an ancient counting tool to help solve such problems. The tool is called “abacus”. In Chinese, it is known as “suanpan”. An abacus has a rectangular (长方形的) wooden frame. It is divided into the upper part and the lower part by a horizontal (水平的) stick. A series of cross rods (棍子) extend from the top to the bottom of the frame (框架). Each rod has seven sliding beads (滑动的珠子), with two in the upper part and five in the lower part. Each of the two beads in the upper part has a value of 5, while each of the beads in the lower part has a value of 1. Beginning at the right side of the abacus, the first rod represents (代表) ones. The second rod represents tens and the third represents hundreds. This pattern continues. A traditional abacus with 13 rods can represent very large numbers. Besides counting, a Chinese abacus can also be used to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. It helped ancient Chinese people solve all kinds of Maths problems they met in their daily life. The Chinese abacus used to be the simplest calculating device for people in all trades in ancient China. A mathematician (数学家), Xu Yue at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty first invented it. A famous mathematician, Cheng Dawei in Ming Dynasty made it popular. To make people understand and use it easily, he also published a book called Suanfa Tong Zong. And this device has been equally famous to the “Four Great Inventions in Ancient China”. Today, people in Asia and Africa still often use it in daily life. 1．What did ancient people use to solve Maths problems? A．Calculators. B．Computers. C．Abacuses. D．Nothing. 2．The underlined word “extend” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”. A．end B．turn C．become D．spread 3．What number does the picture show according to the abacus? A．One, four and seven. B．Six, four and seven. C．Six hundred and forty-seven. D．One hundred and forty-two. 4．An abacus can do the following EXCEPT ________. A．painting B．counting C．addition D．division 5．The last paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．how to use the abacus B．the history of the abacus C．what an abacus can do D．the usage of the abacus （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中） Birthday Traditions in Different Countries England Certain symbolic objects are mixed into the birthday cake as it’s being prepared. If your piece of cake has a coin in it, then you will be rich. Also, when it’s your birthday, your friends give you the “bumps”. They lift you in the air by your hands and feet. And they raise you up and down to the floor. One for each year you lived, then another one or two for luck. Denmark A flag is flown outside a window. It shows that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child’s bed while he/she is sleeping. So the child will see them at once when they wake up. Holland Special year birthdays such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 21 are called “crown” years. The birthday child receives an especially large gift on a crown year birthday. The family also decorates the birthday child’s year at the dining room table with flowers, paper streamers and balloons. Canada The birthday child’s nose is greased (涂抹) with butter for good luck. The greased nose makes the child so slippery that bad luck can’t catch him/her. In some parts of Canada, the birthday person even receives a punch (一拳) for each year he/she is alive. And then one for good luck. Brazil The birthday child receives a pull on the ear for each year he/she has been alive. The birthday person also gives the first piece of cake to the most special people. Korea There is a big family party on the first birthday. The table is set with food, and four things: a pencil, a ruler, thread, and money. The baby chooses one thing. People think it can tell his/her future: excellent student, good with hands, long life or riches. South Africa On the twenty-first birthday, a key is given by the parents. It is made of anything from paper to silver to gold. It is a sign that the child is ready to unlock the door to their future. 1．The following tradition is mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ________. A．giving a pull on the ear B．having a big family party C．greasing butter on the nose D．flying a flag at the child’s bed 2．In which countries do people celebrate their 21st birthday specially? A．Canada and England. B．Denmark and Korea. C．Brazil and Holland. D．Holland and South Africa. 3．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．people in different countries have their own special year birthdays B．people in different countries celebrate their birthday in different ways C．people always have a big birthday party at home in different countries D．people always know a 1-year-old baby’s future from the thing he chooses （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Our skin might be tougher than you might think, as it can heal (修复) itself repeatedly over time. Scientists have made a new material that is as tough as human skin. This electronic skin can heal itself more than 5,000 times! Scientists from Saudi Arabia made the new “e-skin”. In fact, e-skin is not something new. Scientists have made e-skin before to help repair human skin and to make prosthetic (假肢的) arms and legs. But other kinds of e-skin are usually not very stretchy (可延展的), so they break easily. They are also not as sensitive (敏感的) as real skin. However, the new e-skin has solved these problems. Scientists used a hydrogel (水凝胶) to make the e-skin, which makes it very stretchy. Then they put a layer of sensors (传感器) on the hydrogel. These sensors can respond (反应) in less than 0.1 seconds and sense things from 20cm away. When used in humans, the new e-skin can get medical information, such as someone’s blood pressure (血压). But the scientists hope for a future for this technology that is “beyond biology”. It could be used to build soft robotics (机器人), aircraft and even furniture one day. 1．Scientists made e-skin before in order to ________. A．repair human skin and make prosthetic arms and legs B．reduce the cost of using human skin C．replace human skin D．measure human’s blood pressure 2．Which is NOT the problem that the old e-skin has? A．It can break easily. B．It is not sensitive. C．It is expensive. D．It is not very stretchy. 3．How can e-skin be more sensitive, which is the right order? ①The sensors on the skin responded. ②Scientists put a layer of sensors on the hydrogel. ③Scientists used a hydrogel to make the e-skin. A．②①③ B．③②① C．②③① D．③①② 4．Which field has the e-skin already been used? A．Medical care. B．Aircraft. C．Furniture. D．Robot technology. 5．In which part of the newspaper can we see the passage? A．Business. B．Environment. C．Person. D．Technology. （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Many people know the names Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison. However, most people, don’t know the name of the man who invented the television, Philo Farnsworth. Philo Farnsworth was born in 1906 and grew up on a potato farm. As a boy, he loved to learn about science, and he read a lot of science books. When he was only thirteen years old, he drew a picture of a machine that could send pictures as radio sends sounds. He got the idea from the way the potatoes were planted in the field. The potatoes grew in long lines, side by side. This made a shape in Philo’s mind. This shape helped Philo think of a way to send the TV picture onto a piece of glass. But he was poor, so Philo could not try to make his idea into a machine at that time. Later, Philo worked at many different jobs. He worked with trees. He worked on broken radios. He worked on trains. He also worked as a street cleaner. At last, two rich men heard about his idea for television, and they gave him the money to make it. On September 7th, 1927, they watched Philo test the machine he built. When Philo turned on the machine, a small line could be seen on the glass. Philo said, “There you have it, electric television.” Later, a big company, RCA, said they had made the first television. Philo had to spend a lot of money on lawyers to fight them. Finally, he won. Then, World War Two started in 1939. During the war, Philo spent a lot of money helping the US army instead of building up his television company. After the war, other bigger, richer companies started making televisions. In the end, Philo had to sell his company. 1．Philo Farnsworth got the idea of TV from_________. A．the radio B．science books C．potato fields D．a machine 2．According to the text, how old was Philo when he finished his invention of TV? A．27 years old. B．21 years old. C．33 years old. D．39 years old. 3．Which is the correct order of the following events? a. Two rich men gave Philo money to do experiments. b. Philo sold his own company. c. Philo beat RCA in law. d. Philo fixed broken radios. e. Philo drew a picture of machine. A．d-a-e-c-b B．e-d-a-c-b C．e-a-d-c-b D．a-c-b-d-e 4．The best title for this article is_________. A．The importance of television B．A successful scientist C．Philo Farnsworth and television D．How to make a television in factory （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Time passes. Wendy cooks for the boys. She is very busy, but she likes being their mother. She doesn’t worry about her mother and father, but she worries about John and Michael. They are starting to forget their old life. Perhaps this is because there are so many exciting adventures in Neverland. One night, for example, the Indians attack their house. Some of the Indians go into the holes in the trees and can’t get out again. The other Indians have to pull them out, like works (瓶塞) from bottles. Another day Peter saves Tiger Lily, an Indian princess, from Captain Hook. The Indians become Peter’s friends after that. They guard the entrances to the house under the ground and protect the Lost Boys from the pirates (海盗). Then another day the pirates try to kill the boys with a poisoned (有毒的) cake. Luckily Wendy takes it from them in time. But then the “Night of Nights” arrives. The children don't know it, but this is the last evening on Neverland. In the house under the ground, Wendy puts John and Michael and the Lost Boys to bed. She starts to tell them their favorite story. Usually Peter puts his hands over his ears because he doesn’t like this story, but tonight he sits and listens with the others. “In this story there is a man,” says Wendy, “and his name is Mr. Darling. And there is a woman and her name is Mrs. Darling. They are married, and they have…” 1．Why do John and Michel start to forget their old life? A．Because the Indians attack their house. B．Because they experience a lot of adventures. C．Because their old life is not good. D．Because they are happy to stay with Wendy. 2．What does Peter do to make him and the Indians become friends? A．He pulls the Indians out of the holes. B．He protects the Lost Boys from the pirates. C．He saves Tiger Lily from the pirates. D．He helps the Indians kill the pirates. 3．Where is Wendy’s and the boys’ house? A．In the tree. B．In the holes. C．Under the ground. D．In the bottles. 4．How many exciting adventures are mentioned in the part? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．John and Michel feel unhappy on Neverland. B．Peter doesn’t want Wendy to go home. C．Wendy doesn’t miss her parents at all. D．The Indians are bad people. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作期中精品复习系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作期中精品复习系列资料，已编校！ 专题06 阅读理解（名校期中真题，16篇） （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）A couple of university students created the Plufl. It is the world’s first dog bed for humans. If you are thinking that the Plufl is just an oversized dog bed, you are right. However, according to its creators, the University of British Columbia students Noah Silverman and Yuki Kinoshita, it is much more than that. The Plufl can provide the most comfortable sleeping experience and a feeling of safety. It is helpful to people who have sleeping problems. The price of the Plufl is $400. Although it is not the cheapest dog bed in the world, the Plufl seems to have a lot of fans. Noah Silverman and Yuki Kinoshita thought of the idea of a dog bed for humans while they were hanging out at a coffee shop. They made friends with both a lady and her pet dog called Coco. They saw Coco sleeping in its custom-made bed. This made Noah ask himself, “Why can’t people have this?” So he put his idea into practice with Yuki. Unlike an actual dog bed, the Plufl is much more comfortable. The foam cushion (泡沫垫) allows users to rest their heads on it when they want. Also, each bed has a bag so that it can be easily kept. The shape of the bed is as cute as the fetal position (胎儿睡姿). It is the most common and comfortable sleep form according to research. And the thick pillow allows users to curl (卷) up their hands and feet, so they have a feeling of safety. Noah thinks it will be popular with people. 1．How did Noah have the idea of creating the Plufl? A．By reading at a coffee shop. B．By asking a lady at a coffee shop. C．By seeing a dog sleeping in its bed. D．By talking with Yuki Kinoshita at a coffee shop. 2．What can’t give users a comfortable sleeping experience? A．The foam cushion. B．The bag of each bed. C．The shape of the bed. D．The bed’s thick pillow. 3．What does the underlined word “It” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．The fetal position. B．The creator’s practice. C．The sleeping experience. D．The feeling of safety. 4．In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article? A．History. B．Science. C．Education. D．Environment. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上第一张供人类使用的狗床。 1．细节理解题。根据“Noah Silverman and Yuki Kinoshita thought of the idea of a dog bed for humans while they were hanging out at a coffee shop...So he put his idea into practice with Yuki.”可知，诺亚看到一位女士的宠物狗睡在它定制的床上，从而想到了一个给人类放狗床的主意。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Also, each bed has a bag so that it can be easily kept.”可知，床的袋子是便于保存的，并不能给用户舒适的睡眠体验。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“The shape of the bed is as cute as the fetal position (胎儿睡姿).”可知，这里的It指代的本句提到的“fetal position (胎儿睡姿)”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了世界上第一张供人类使用的狗床，在“科学”板块能读到这篇文章。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）The Chongyang Festival is a traditional festival in China. It is also called the Double Ninth Festival. It is on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. It is popular among Chinese people. Here are some interesting facts about this festival. How does this festival get its name? In a book called Yi Jing, the number “6” means “Yin” and the number “9” means “Yang”. “Yin” means darkness and “Yang” means life and brightness. The number “9” appears in both the month and the day, so the festival is called the Double Ninth Festival, or the Chongyang Festival. In Chinese, “chong” means “double”. Some customs (习俗) at the Chongyang Festival Here is a story about two customs. In ancient times, there was a man named Huang Jing. One day, he and his teacher Fei Changfang were climbing a mountain. Fei Changfang suddenly stopped and said to Huang Jing that his family would have a big problem on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. He told Huang Jing that he should ask his family members to leave home and climb to the top of a mountain. And they must all drink some chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒). After hearing this, Huang Jing thought he had to hasten to his home. He rode a horse and didn’t have a rest on his way home. The whole family climbed a nearby mountain and did not return until the evening. When they got back home, they found all their animals were dead. Since then, climbing a mountain and drinking chrysanthemum wine became the traditional activities of the Double Ninth Festival to drive away bad luck. Nowadays, the Double Ninth Festival is also a time for family to do some exercise as well as enjoy the beauty of autumn. 1．Why does the writer mention a book called Yi Jing? A．It is a famous book in China. B．The festival first appeared in the book. C．It introduces some interesting festivals. D．The book tells about the meanings of “Yin” and “Yang”. 2．What happened to Huang Jing? A．His teacher gave him a big problem. B．There was something bad in his home. C．One of his family members left quietly. D．His family forgot to drink chrysanthemum wine. 3．What does the underlined word “hasten” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Go quickly. B．Come carefully. C．Walk loudly. D．Turn slowly. 4．In which part of a magazine would you probably read this article? A．Chinese Food. B．Western Food. C．Chinese Festivals. D．Western Festivals. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍重阳节的由来，这一天人们通常登山、饮菊花酒，家庭聚会共享秋色。 1．细节理解题。根据“In a book called Yi Jing...or the Chongyang Festival. In Chinese, ‘chong’ means ‘double’.”可知，《易经》讲述了阴和阳代表的意义。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Fei Changfang suddenly stopped and said to Huang Jing that his family would have a big problem on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.”可知，费长芳对他说重阳节这一天他家里要出问题。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“After hearing this, Huang Jing thought he had to hasten to his home. He rode a horse and didn’t have a rest on his way home.”可知，他骑马，在回家的路上没有休息，可知应该是快回家。故选A。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍重阳节的由来，因此在“中国节日”这一栏能读到这篇文章。故选C。 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Do you want to spend your summer holiday in a meaningful way? Do you want to make a difference to the lives of children? Join us now and become a volunteer teacher of English! We are a charity (慈善机构) and we help children in poor areas in India. We need volunteers to join us and teach English to these children, and help make their lives better. Volunteer teachers will work with children aged 6 to 15 and teach classes up to 30 children. We welcome volunteers with or without teaching experience. We will organize a two- week training before you go to India. This is a special chance to gain important life experience. You will meet other young people from all over the world, and learn more about Indian culture. Most importantly, you will make a difference to a community (团体) in need. Education can change a child’s life forever. Help us make that change today. What our volunteers say: “This has been a wonderful experience. I loved teaching my class and India is a beautiful country. I’ll never forget the three months I spent here!” —— Jane “After my 2-month volunteering experience there, I realize how lucky I’m at home. Some children in India live in very poor conditions, but they’re very hard- working. They want to improve the lives of their families in the future. I’m very happy to be able to help them in some small ways.” —— Mike To join us, you can email us at teachervolunteers@yahoo.com or call us at 60998979. Come and be a member of the big family! 1．What kind of volunteers are needed? A．ORBIS doctors. B．English teachers. C．UNICEF workers. D．Environmental volunteers. 2．What life experience can a volunteer teacher get? ① make friends with young people from all over the world ② get free meals in India ③ learn more about Indian culture ④ help improve the poor conditions in education in India A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④ 3．Who do the volunteers help in India? A．The elderly. B．The sick adults. C．Kids in poor areas. D．People with disabilities. 4．How does Mike like his experience as a volunteer? A．He realizes how unlucky he is. B．He doesn’t think the voluntary work is useful. C．He will always remember his three-month stay in India. D．He’s glad to make a little difference to the lives of Indian children. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要在招募志愿者，去印度贫穷地区当英语老师。文章详细介绍了招募条件以及其他做过这项工作的志愿者的感受。 1．细节理解题。根据“Join us now and become a volunteer teacher of English!”可知是需要英语老师。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“You will meet other young people from all over the world, and learn more about Indian culture”可知，会遇到来自世界各地的年轻人，并更多地了解印度文化，根据“We are a charity (慈善机构) and we help children in poor areas in India. We need volunteers to join us and teach English to these children, and help make their lives better.”可知，帮助改善印度恶劣的教育条件，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“we help children in poor areas in India”可知是帮助印度贫困地区的孩子。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“I’m very happy to be able to help them in some small ways.”可知他的志愿者经历让他觉得能够帮助到这些孩子很开心。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. Now, experts are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. Is it possible to be born shy? Many experts say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave (表现) shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, experts think that some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Experts at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had elder brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. You may also be shy because of where you were born. When experts studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One expert says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy. For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But experts say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don’t forget—if you are shy, you are not the only one. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Happiness. B．Shyness. C．Kindness. D．Loneliness. 2．What does the underlined word “genetic” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passed down from parents. B．Learned from friends. C．Taught by teachers. D．Made up by brothers. 3．What can be learned from the passage? A．Most little babies are born shy and quiet. B．If you are shy now, you will be shy forever. C．Many shy children have elder brothers and sisters. D． Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions. 4．How can shy people can get over their shyness according to the experts? A．By blaming their failure on outside reasons. B．By trying new things and practicing conversation. C．By getting themselves away from their shy parents. D．By trying to understand reasons for their shyness. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文分析了害羞的原因并给出了如何克服害羞的建议。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Now, experts are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.”可知，谈论的是害羞，故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, experts think that some shyness is genetic.”可知，害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母，认为这是遗传，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Experts at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had elder brothers and sisters. ”可知，害羞的孩子中百分之六十六有哥哥或姐姐，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation.”可知，建议尝试新事物和练习对话，故选B。 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）I was playing at the front gate, trying to decide whether to walk down the street to play with Jenny, when I saw a poor man coming up the road. “Hello, little girl,” he said, “is your mama at home?” I nodded and opened the gate to let him get in the yard. He looked like all the homeless men who came to my home before. His messy hair hung below a shapeless hat, and his old shirt and trousers had been rained on and slept in. He smelled bad. He walked to the door. When my mother appeared, he asked, “Lady, could you spare something to eat?” “I think so. Please sit on the step.” Later, my mother came back and handed him a sandwich made from homemade bread and generous pieces of boiled meat. She also gave him a bottle of milk. “I thank you, lady,” he said. I played at the gate, watching the man wolf down the sandwich and empty the cup. After finishing the food, he stood up and walked back through the gate. “▲” he told me on the way out. Jenny had said all the homeless men told each other who would feed them. “They never come to my house!” she had said proudly and happily. “So why does Mama feed the poor man?” I wondered. I walked inside. “Jenny’s mama says those men are too lazy to work. Why do we feed them?” My mother smiled. “Sweetheart, we don’t know why these men don’t work,” she said, “but they were babies once. And their mamas loved them, just like I love you.” She put her hands on my shoulders and drew me close to her. “For me, I fed them for their mothers, because if you were ever hungry and had nothing to eat, I would want others’ mothers to feed you.” I seemed to find out the answer to my question and understand that. 1．After the poor man came to the writer’s home, the mother ________. A．made a cake for him B．gave him some money C．invited him to have some coffee D．offered him some food 2．The story happened in the order of ________. a. My mother communicated with the poor man b. I understood my mother after talking to her. c. I played at the gate and watched the poor man having food. d. I opened the gate to let him get in the yard. e. The poor man stood up and walked back through the gate. A．d-c-a-b-e B．a-e-d-c-b C．c-a-e-d-b D．d-a-c-e-b 3．Which of the following can be put in the __▲__? A．They said your mama would feed me. B．I would like to come to play with you again. C．It’s kind of you to let me stay here for one night. D．We will ask Jenny’s mother to feed us, too. 4．The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to ________. A．the reason why the mother fed the poor man B．the talk between the mother and the writer C．the question that Jenny didn’t know before D．the fact that Jenny’s family wouldn’t let the poor men in 5．Where may you see this article? A．In a research report. B．In a novel. C．In a science magazine. D．In a menu. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者的母亲给一个穷人食物的故事，并引出了母女之间的对话和作者的思考。作者的母亲用自己的行动告诉我们要有爱心，乐于助人。 1．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“my mother came back and banded him a sandwich ... She also gave him a bottle of milk”可知，作者的母亲给了这个穷人一个三明治和一瓶牛奶。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I nodded and opened the gate to let him get in the yard.”可知，首先作者打开门让他进入院子（d）；根据第四、五段内容可知，接着母亲与这个穷人交谈（a）；根据第七段中的“I played at the gate, watching the man wolf down the sandwich and empty the cup.”可知，作者在门口玩耍并看到穷人在吃饭（c）；根据第七段中的“After finishing the food, he stood up and walked back through the gate.”可知，然后穷人吃完饭后站起来穿过门离开（e）。最后作者通过与母亲的对话理解了母亲的行为（b）。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据下一段中的“Jenny had said all the homeless men told each other who would feed them.”可知，穷人在离开时告诉作者的话很可能是关于他被告知作者的母亲会给他食物，这与Jenny所说的无家可归的人会相互告知谁愿意给他们食物相符合。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据上文的“‘So why does Mama feed the poor man?’ I wondered.”并结合最后一段内容可知，这里的“that”指代的是指母亲给出的解释，即她会给穷人食物的原因。故选A。 5．推理判断题。文章是关于作者看到母亲帮助一个穷人的故事，并引出了母女之间的对话和作者的思考。这种故事情节和人物塑造更符合小说的特点，因此可以推断这篇文章可能出现在小说中。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems? How many times, for example, do you find yourself saying things like “I really don’t understand this maths problem”, or “I can’t get into the school team”? Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change everything. “I really don’t understand this maths problem yet.” “I can’t get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening. I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school find out that the old “pass/fail system” wasn’t helping students’ motivation (积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who didn’t pass often felt like failures. So now students who don’t pass the exams will not see a big red F on their papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way. This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset don’t concentrate on failure. They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are happy to give up when things don’t go right. They don’t think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset. But don’t worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ★ Remember that it all starts with questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can’t or you haven’t and realize that you just can’t or haven’t yet. Once you start doing this, you’ll wonder why you didn’t do it before. It’s one small but very powerful word. 1．The effect of adding the word “yet” is ________. A．everything is impossible B．you can always succeed C．you are going to start to win D．you won’t feel upset about your failures 2．The example in Paragraph 2 is to ________. A．express a feeling B．describe a problem C．show the result D．support the topic 3．According to the passage, which one of the following has “a growth mindset”? A．Jack got an “A” in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents. B．David failed in a competition, but he stayed confident and kept trying. C．Jenny found it hard to work out the maths problem, so she gave it up. D．Emma was refused by school team. She didn’t want to have another try. 4．Which of the following can be put into ★? A．Experts will help you grow up healthily in mind B．You can train yourself to develop a growth mindset C．Everyone has his own advantages and disadvantages D．You can change everything by adding the small word “yet” 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．The Power of “Yet” B．Two Different Mindsets C．Nothing Is Impossible D．On the Way to Success 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了Yet“然而”是一个很有分量的词，且在我们成长过程中起着重要的作用。 1．推理判断题。根据文中“By adding this simple word, you can change everything…Suddenly, the impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.”可知，通过添加这个简单的词，你可以改变一切，不可能的事情变成了可能，你可以想象这些事情的发生，所以选项D“你不会因失败而感到沮丧”符合，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of ‘yet’. By adding this simple word, you can change everything.”和“I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school find out that the old pass/fail system wasn’t helping students’ motivation (积极性)...They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way.”可知，第二段通过介绍“然而”的运用，可以改变成绩不合格的学生思维方式，以此来证明作者的观点。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do.”可知，他们并不担心第一次没有把事情做对，而且很乐意继续尝试，直到成功为止，所以B选项“大卫在一场比赛中失败了，但他保持着自信并不断努力。”中的大卫具有“成长心态”，故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.”和“But don’t worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset.”可知，此处内容和“成长心态”相关，B选项“你可以训练自己培养成长心态”符合语境，故选B。 5．最佳标题题。本文讲述了Yet“然而”是一个很有分量的词，且在我们成长过程中起着重要的作用，选项A“‘然而’的力量”为最佳标题，故选A。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）The stadium (体育馆) of Hangzhou Asian Games is sometimes called the “Small Lotus” (莲花). The Games are going to be very “smart” with the use of many exciting technologies. On the top of the stadium, there are eight “petals” (花瓣). When it rains, the petals will close. What if there’s an accident during the game and the athletes need first aid (急救)? Drones (无人机) can be used to send things over. They can fly as far as 20 kilometers and travel 16 meters in one second. Medicine and other things needed for first aid can be sent to people rapidly. Every dish at the Asian Games should be safe and healthy to eat. There is a special system that can tell people’s faces. If a “stranger” goes into the kitchen, an alarm will go off to let people know. The managers of the kitchen will also get messages on their phones. What’s more, you can try the Hangzhou Asian Games’ metaverse (元宇宙)! There’s a mini program on Alipay. Inside, it’s like an online cartoon world. Also, you can have your own character in the metaverse. You can choose clothes for your character, “run” around the stadiums and even talk with other online users. Augmented reality (AR, 增强现实技术) can help if you can’t find your way. There’s a mini program called the Hangzhou Asian Games AR service. You simply turn on your phone’s camera and it will see where you are and then show you the way. You can also get more information about the stadiums as you walk by. 1．What is the use of “petals”? A．To show the beginning of the game. B．To stop people from getting wet. C．To show what time it is. D．To move heavy things quickly. 2．Drones can be used to do the following things EXCEPT ________. A．They can fly as far as 20 kilometers. B．They can travel 16 meters in one second. C．They can send food messages to managers. D．They can send medicine. 3．What does the underlined word “rapidly” probably mean? A．quietly B．conveniently C．quickly D．directly 4．Why does the writer mention Augmented reality in paragraph 5? A．To describe the importance of phones. B．To encourage people to try the new technology. C．To introduce how to check information. D．To show Augmented reality would help out people who are lost. 5．Which might be the best title of the passage? A．Technologies in the Hangzhou Asian Games B．The AR Service C．The Asian Games D．The Smart Inventions 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了杭州亚运会期间的“智能化”设施。 1．细节理解题。根据“On the top of the stadium, there are eight ‘petals’. When it rains, the petals will close.”可知体育场的花瓣可以在下雨的时候关闭，以免人们淋雨。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Drones can be used to send things over. They can fly as far as 20 kilometers and travel 16 meters in one second. Medicine and other things needed for first aid can be sent to people rapidly .”可知无人机可以用来送东西过去。它们可以飞到20公里远的地方，在一秒钟内飞行16米。药物和其他急救所需的东西可以迅速送到人们手中。故选C。 3．词义推断题。根据“They can fly as far as 20 kilometers and travel 16 meters in one second.”可知无人机速度很快，rapidly表示“快速地”，与quickly意思相同。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“You simply turn on your phone’s camera and it will see where you are and then show you the way. ”可知如果找不到路了，可以用AR技术来定位自己的地点。故选D。 5．最佳标题。本文介绍了杭州亚运会期间的“智能化”设施。故选A。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）①How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago, there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time.   ②About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people could know midday. On cloudy days or at night, it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. But they failed to make people know the exact time. ③In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. In 1927, the first quartz (石英) clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. Nowadays, satellites can send our mobile phones the time to the exact second. ④There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed and not being late for school or work. 1．According to the passage, we can’t use ________ to tell the time on a rainy day. A．water clock B．sun clock C．digital clock D．mechanical clock 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “ordinary” in the third paragraph? A．modern B．special C．rich D．common 3．How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of time. B．The development of timekeeping. C．The inventions of ancient clocks. D．The history of a digital clock. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了从古至今计时方法的不断演变和进步。 1．推理判断题。根据“About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people could know midday. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock.”可知，太阳钟需要有影子的形成才可以报时，在阴天或晚上，用太阳钟是不可能报时的，因此可推测在下雨天也不能用太阳钟。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“In 1927, the first quartz (石英) clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It’s also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock.”可知，石英钟问世之后，时钟的成本开始变便宜，许多普通人也买得起时钟了。可见ordinary的意思是“普通的”，与common同义。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock.…Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun.…In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented.…In 1927, the first quartz (石英) clock was developed.…More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock.”可知，文章共提及五种时钟。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知第一段用于引出时钟演变的历史这一话题；第二、三段则是具体描述了不同历史时期出现的时钟及其优缺点；第四段是文章结尾，对时钟演变历史进行了评价，即时钟在计时方面的进步随着科学技术的进步而不断进步。由此可知本文采用“总—分—总”的篇章结构，即“①—②③—④”。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了从古至今计时方法的不断演变和进步。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）A kind of strange food has become popular on the Internet. There are many videos about it. In the videos, people are grilling ice cubes (烤冰块) and adding salt and spices (香料) to them. According to a number of news reports from China, this strange street snack became famous because of a short video. It was taken at a street food stall in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province. In it, we can see large ice cubes being cooked over a very strong heat and added with spices before being served on a plate. We can’t see anyone actually eating the dish, but it is very popular on hot summer days. After the video became popular, the street food stall owner was asked about his popular dish. The man came up with the idea for grilled ice on a hot day as a way to cool people off. It was a joke at first. But people ended up loving it. So he kept making it. The strange street food doesn’t cost anything, but people want to try it. I know what you’re thinking: does this count as cold or hot food? It’s hard to say. It is cooked over a very strong heat but not enough for the ice to melt completely. 1．Where was the short video of this strange street snack taken? A．At a street food stall in Nanjing. B．At a street food stall in Nanchang. C．In a famous restaurant in Nanchang. D．At the stall owner’s home. 2．Why did the street food stall owner come up with the idea for grilled ice? A．To make people laugh. B．To cool people off on hot days. C．To create a new street food trend. D．To attract more customers. 3．How much does the strange street food cost? A．It is free. B．It is very expensive. C．It depends on the size of the ice cubes. D．The price is not mentioned in the text. 4．What can we know about the grilled ice cubes? A．They don’t have any flavor. B．People love eating this special snack. C．The ice cubes are cooked over a very gentle heat. D．The ice cubes melt completely when cooking. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain how to make the strange street food. B．To provide information about a new food trend. C．To make the street food stall owner’s business better. D．To discuss the popularity of a kind of strange food on the Internet. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了一种在网络上流行的奇怪食物——烤冰块。 1．细节理解题。根据“this strange street snack became famous because of a short video. It was taken at a street food stall in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province”可知，这种奇怪的街头小吃因为一段短视频而出名。视频拍摄于江西省南昌市的一个街头小吃摊。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The man came up with the idea for grilled ice on a hot day as a way to cool people off.”可知，这个人想出了在炎热的日子里烤冰的主意，作为给人们降温的一种方式。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The strange street food doesn’t cost anything, but people want to try it.”可知，这种奇怪的街头食品不花钱。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“But people ended up loving it.”可知，人们最终喜欢上了这种特别的小吃。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“A kind of strange food has become popular on the Internet.”可知，本文主要讨论一种在网络上流行的奇怪食物——烤冰块。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Gentoo penguins are fast. They are the fastest swimming birds in the world. Now, scientists think they know how they do it. The birds’ trick is called “feathering.” It changes the angle of their wings while swimming. That helps them achieve faster speed. Bo Yin is a scientist. He works at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing. He and other scientists watched videos of the birds. They also made computer models of penguin wings in motion (动作). Then, they looked at the models. They saw the effect of feathering. How does feathering work? A penguin raises the bottoms of its wings. It moves them forward or back. That changes the wings’ angle to the water and also reduces the water resistance against a penguin’s wings. That means less water pushes against the wings. This lets the penguin move ahead faster. How often a Gentoo flaps (拍打) its wings also plays an important role. Flapping many times per second helps the bird move forward. But it uses more energy. So, it’s not really the best way to gain speed. Yin and his team found the most efficient way for penguins is to tilt their wings back 18 degrees and flap about once per second. H. Tanaka, an engineer, has studied penguin movement. A computer model can capture many key details of penguin wings, he says. But still, it isn’t 100 percent true. “This model was still simpler than the real penguin,” Tanaka says. 1．What is the Gentoo penguin known for? A．Being the largest penguin species. B．Being the smallest penguin species. C．Being the best diver among penguins. D．Being the fastest swimming bird in the world. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The meaning of feathering. B．The ways feathering work. C．The study about feathering. D．The importance of feathering. 3．What does “gain” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．develop B．reduce C．stop D．change 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．In the future, more detailed work is needed. B．The wing model was as flat as the real penguin. C．The study failed to capture the movement of the bird. D．The model failed to get the details of penguin wings. 5．Where can you find this article? A．A science fiction. B．A science magazine. C．A story book. D．An encyclopedia. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家们如何研究和发现巴布亚企鹅成为世界上游泳最快的鸟类的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“They are the fastest swimming birds in the world.”可知，巴布亚企鹅是世界上游泳最快的鸟类。故选D。 2．段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了羽毛调整的工作原理，即通过改变翅膀的角度来减少水的阻力，从而帮助企鹅更快地前进。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Flapping many times per second helps the bird move forward. But it uses more energy. So, it’s not really the best way to gain speed.”可知，每秒拍打多次有助于鸟向前移动。但它消耗的能量更多。所以，这并不是获得速度的最佳方式。gain在此处意为“获得”，与develop意思相近。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“it isn’t 100 percent true. ‘This model was still simpler than the real penguin,’ Tanaka says.”可知，不是百分之百正确的，这个模型仍然比真正的企鹅简单，因此未来需要更详细的研究工作。故选A。 5．推理判断题。本文介绍了科学家们对巴布亚企鹅游泳速度的研究，属于科学类文章，因此最有可能出现在科学杂志上。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can also be dangerous because other animals may hurt those who are sleeping. This leads to many different ways of sleeping that help them stay safe. Some of these ways may surprise you! Almost all bats sleep upside down. They hang from a branch of a tree or the ceiling of a cave. Up high, bats are safe from most other animals. If they are in danger,they just fly away. A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphin mothers and babies can go without sleep for as long as two months to stay safe. Some ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help to keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep deeply with both eyes closed. Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop some of them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Sleeping deep underwater helps these seals stay safe from animals that hunt them near the surface. Horses often sleep standing up. Their legs lock in place so they don’t fall over. If a horse is lying down, it needs a long time to get up. A horse can run from danger more quickly if it is already standing. Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They fly for many hours without flapping（拍打）their wings. Sometimes they sleep while they are flying. Would you like to sleep how they sleep? 1．The animals that sleep with half their brains are ________. A．ducks and seals B．dolphins and ducks C．bats and dolphins D．horses and sea birds 2．Horses often stand up when they sleep because ________. A．they car run from danger quickly B．they are afraid of falling over C．this helps them to sleep deeply D．it takes them a long time to go to sleep 3．The underlined word “hunt” probably means ________. A．offer to help B．come to teach C．want to kill D．refuse to protect 4．Which of the following statements is true? A．Dolphins actually do not need to sleep. B．Ducks can sleep with their eyes closed. C．Seals can sleep for over twenty minutes at a time. D．Seabirds can sleep with the help of their wings. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Sleep as animals do B．Sleep to stay healthy C．How animals sleep D．What sleeping animals are like 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了动物需要睡眠来保持健康，但睡眠可能是危险的，因为其它动物可能会伤害那些正在睡觉的动物。文章详细介绍了一些动物的睡眠方式，通过这个方式来保护自己的安全。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time.”和第四段第一句“Some ducks sleep with just half their brains, too.”可知海豚和鸭子只用一半的大脑睡觉，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“A horse can run from danger more quickly if it is already standing.”可知马站着睡觉是为了能更快的逃离危险，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Sleeping deep underwater helps these seals stay safe from animals that hunt them near the surface.” 推测，此处应理解为睡在深水下能帮助海豹远离那些在水面捕杀它们的动物，hunt意为“捕猎”，选项C符合语境。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“The ducks in the middle sleep deeply with both eyes closed.”可知鸭子可以闭着眼睛睡觉，选项B描述正确。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据文章大意及第一段“This leads to many different ways of sleeping that help them stay safe. Some of these ways may surprise you!”可知，文章主要说的是动物如何睡觉，故选C。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）How would you solve Maths problems if you didn’t have a calculator or a computer? For centuries, people in China have used an ancient counting tool to help solve such problems. The tool is called “abacus”. In Chinese, it is known as “suanpan”. An abacus has a rectangular (长方形的) wooden frame. It is divided into the upper part and the lower part by a horizontal (水平的) stick. A series of cross rods (棍子) extend from the top to the bottom of the frame (框架). Each rod has seven sliding beads (滑动的珠子), with two in the upper part and five in the lower part. Each of the two beads in the upper part has a value of 5, while each of the beads in the lower part has a value of 1. Beginning at the right side of the abacus, the first rod represents (代表) ones. The second rod represents tens and the third represents hundreds. This pattern continues. A traditional abacus with 13 rods can represent very large numbers. Besides counting, a Chinese abacus can also be used to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. It helped ancient Chinese people solve all kinds of Maths problems they met in their daily life. The Chinese abacus used to be the simplest calculating device for people in all trades in ancient China. A mathematician (数学家), Xu Yue at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty first invented it. A famous mathematician, Cheng Dawei in Ming Dynasty made it popular. To make people understand and use it easily, he also published a book called Suanfa Tong Zong. And this device has been equally famous to the “Four Great Inventions in Ancient China”. Today, people in Asia and Africa still often use it in daily life. 1．What did ancient people use to solve Maths problems? A．Calculators. B．Computers. C．Abacuses. D．Nothing. 2．The underlined word “extend” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”. A．end B．turn C．become D．spread 3．What number does the picture show according to the abacus? A．One, four and seven. B．Six, four and seven. C．Six hundred and forty-seven. D．One hundred and forty-two. 4．An abacus can do the following EXCEPT ________. A．painting B．counting C．addition D．division 5．The last paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．how to use the abacus B．the history of the abacus C．what an abacus can do D．the usage of the abacus 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了算盘。 1．细节理解题。根据“For centuries, people in China have used an ancient counting tool to help solve such problems. The tool is called ‘abacus’.”可知古人使用算盘来解决数学问题。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“A series of cross rods (棍子) extend from the top to the bottom of the frame (框架).”可知“extend”在段落中的意思是指“延伸”，因此可以用“spread”替换。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Each of the two beads in the upper part has a value of 5, while each of the beads in the lower part has a value of 1. Beginning at the right side of the abacus, the first rod represents (代表) ones. The second rod represents tens and the third represents hundreds.”可知上面两颗珠子中的每一颗都代表5，而下面珠子中的每一颗都代表1。从算盘的最右侧开始，第一根杆代表个位，第二根杆代表十位，第三根杆代表百位。因此图片所表达的数字是六百四十七。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Besides counting, a Chinese abacus can also be used to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.”可知除了计数之外，中国算盘还可以用来进行加法、减法、乘法和除法运算。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“The Chinese abacus used to be the simplest calculating device for people in all trades in ancient China.”可知本段介绍了算盘的历史。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中） Birthday Traditions in Different Countries England Certain symbolic objects are mixed into the birthday cake as it’s being prepared. If your piece of cake has a coin in it, then you will be rich. Also, when it’s your birthday, your friends give you the “bumps”. They lift you in the air by your hands and feet. And they raise you up and down to the floor. One for each year you lived, then another one or two for luck. Denmark A flag is flown outside a window. It shows that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child’s bed while he/she is sleeping. So the child will see them at once when they wake up. Holland Special year birthdays such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 21 are called “crown” years. The birthday child receives an especially large gift on a crown year birthday. The family also decorates the birthday child’s year at the dining room table with flowers, paper streamers and balloons. Canada The birthday child’s nose is greased (涂抹) with butter for good luck. The greased nose makes the child so slippery that bad luck can’t catch him/her. In some parts of Canada, the birthday person even receives a punch (一拳) for each year he/she is alive. And then one for good luck. Brazil The birthday child receives a pull on the ear for each year he/she has been alive. The birthday person also gives the first piece of cake to the most special people. Korea There is a big family party on the first birthday. The table is set with food, and four things: a pencil, a ruler, thread, and money. The baby chooses one thing. People think it can tell his/her future: excellent student, good with hands, long life or riches. South Africa On the twenty-first birthday, a key is given by the parents. It is made of anything from paper to silver to gold. It is a sign that the child is ready to unlock the door to their future. 1．The following tradition is mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ________. A．giving a pull on the ear B．having a big family party C．greasing butter on the nose D．flying a flag at the child’s bed 2．In which countries do people celebrate their 21st birthday specially? A．Canada and England. B．Denmark and Korea. C．Brazil and Holland. D．Holland and South Africa. 3．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．people in different countries have their own special year birthdays B．people in different countries celebrate their birthday in different ways C．people always have a big birthday party at home in different countries D．people always know a 1-year-old baby’s future from the thing he chooses 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文介绍了世界各国的生日习俗。 1．细节理解题。根据“The birthday child receives a pull on the ear for each year he/she has been alive.”可知，扯耳朵是巴西的习俗，与选项A对应；根据“There is a big family party on the first birthday.”可知，开家庭生日晚会是韩国的习俗，与选项B对应；根据“The birthday child’s nose is greased (涂抹) with butter for good luck.”可知，在鼻子上涂黄油是加拿大的习俗，与选项C对应；根据“A flag is flown outside a window.”可知，丹麦人过生日是窗户外面挂着一面旗帜，选项D表述错误。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Special year birthdays such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 21 are called ‘crown’ years. The birthday child receives an especially large gift on a crown year birthday.”可知，荷兰人把21岁看作“皇冠”年之一；根据“On the twenty-first birthday, a key is given by the parents. It is made of anything from paper to silver to gold. It is a sign that the child is ready to unlock the door to their future.”可知，南非人过21岁生日以宣称成人。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。 通读整篇短文可知，文章主要介绍了不同国家庆祝生日的不同方式。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Our skin might be tougher than you might think, as it can heal (修复) itself repeatedly over time. Scientists have made a new material that is as tough as human skin. This electronic skin can heal itself more than 5,000 times! Scientists from Saudi Arabia made the new “e-skin”. In fact, e-skin is not something new. Scientists have made e-skin before to help repair human skin and to make prosthetic (假肢的) arms and legs. But other kinds of e-skin are usually not very stretchy (可延展的), so they break easily. They are also not as sensitive (敏感的) as real skin. However, the new e-skin has solved these problems. Scientists used a hydrogel (水凝胶) to make the e-skin, which makes it very stretchy. Then they put a layer of sensors (传感器) on the hydrogel. These sensors can respond (反应) in less than 0.1 seconds and sense things from 20cm away. When used in humans, the new e-skin can get medical information, such as someone’s blood pressure (血压). But the scientists hope for a future for this technology that is “beyond biology”. It could be used to build soft robotics (机器人), aircraft and even furniture one day. 1．Scientists made e-skin before in order to ________. A．repair human skin and make prosthetic arms and legs B．reduce the cost of using human skin C．replace human skin D．measure human’s blood pressure 2．Which is NOT the problem that the old e-skin has? A．It can break easily. B．It is not sensitive. C．It is expensive. D．It is not very stretchy. 3．How can e-skin be more sensitive, which is the right order? ①The sensors on the skin responded. ②Scientists put a layer of sensors on the hydrogel. ③Scientists used a hydrogel to make the e-skin. A．②①③ B．③②① C．②③① D．③①② 4．Which field has the e-skin already been used? A．Medical care. B．Aircraft. C．Furniture. D．Robot technology. 5．In which part of the newspaper can we see the passage? A．Business. B．Environment. C．Person. D．Technology. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了人类发明了一种像人类皮肤一样能自愈的电子皮肤，讲述了其原理和优点。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“Scientists have made e-skin before to help repair human skin and to make prosthetic arms and legs.”可知， A项“修复人类皮肤，并制作假肢”符合，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But other kinds of e-skin are usually not very stretchy, so they break easily. They are also not as sensitive as real skin.“可知，C项“它很昂贵”文中未提及，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Scientists used a hydrogel to make the e-skin... and sense things from 20 cm away.”可知，科学家们使用一种水凝胶来制造这种电子皮肤，然后他们在水凝胶上放了一层传感器，这些传感器可以在0.1秒内做出反应，即③②①，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When used in humans, the new e-skin can get medical information, such as someone’s blood pressure.”可知，电子皮肤已经用在了医疗上，A项“医疗护理”符合，故选A。 5．文章出处题。本文主要讲述了人类发明了一种像人类皮肤一样能自愈的电子皮肤，属于新科技领域，所以可能在报纸的科技板块看到本文。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）Many people know the names Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison. However, most people, don’t know the name of the man who invented the television, Philo Farnsworth. Philo Farnsworth was born in 1906 and grew up on a potato farm. As a boy, he loved to learn about science, and he read a lot of science books. When he was only thirteen years old, he drew a picture of a machine that could send pictures as radio sends sounds. He got the idea from the way the potatoes were planted in the field. The potatoes grew in long lines, side by side. This made a shape in Philo’s mind. This shape helped Philo think of a way to send the TV picture onto a piece of glass. But he was poor, so Philo could not try to make his idea into a machine at that time. Later, Philo worked at many different jobs. He worked with trees. He worked on broken radios. He worked on trains. He also worked as a street cleaner. At last, two rich men heard about his idea for television, and they gave him the money to make it. On September 7th, 1927, they watched Philo test the machine he built. When Philo turned on the machine, a small line could be seen on the glass. Philo said, “There you have it, electric television.” Later, a big company, RCA, said they had made the first television. Philo had to spend a lot of money on lawyers to fight them. Finally, he won. Then, World War Two started in 1939. During the war, Philo spent a lot of money helping the US army instead of building up his television company. After the war, other bigger, richer companies started making televisions. In the end, Philo had to sell his company. 1．Philo Farnsworth got the idea of TV from_________. A．the radio B．science books C．potato fields D．a machine 2．According to the text, how old was Philo when he finished his invention of TV? A．27 years old. B．21 years old. C．33 years old. D．39 years old. 3．Which is the correct order of the following events? a. Two rich men gave Philo money to do experiments. b. Philo sold his own company. c. Philo beat RCA in law. d. Philo fixed broken radios. e. Philo drew a picture of machine. A．d-a-e-c-b B．e-d-a-c-b C．e-a-d-c-b D．a-c-b-d-e 4．The best title for this article is_________. A．The importance of television B．A successful scientist C．Philo Farnsworth and television D．How to make a television in factory 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了电视机的发明者——Philo Farnsworth的相关情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“He got the idea from the way the potatoes were planted in the field.”可知，他的灵感来自于田里种植土豆的方式。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“On September 7th, 1927, they watched Philo test the machine he built.”和“Philo Farnsworth was born in 1906 and grew up on a potato farm.”可知，发明第一台电视是在他21岁时。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“When he was only thirteen years old, he drew a picture of a machine that could send pictures as radio sends sounds.；He worked on broken radios.；At last, two rich men heard about his idea for television, and they gave him the money to make it.；Finally, he won.；In the end, Philo had to sell his company.”可知，正确的顺序是e-d-a-c-b。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了电视机的发明者——Philo Farnsworth的故事。故选C。 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Time passes. Wendy cooks for the boys. She is very busy, but she likes being their mother. She doesn’t worry about her mother and father, but she worries about John and Michael. They are starting to forget their old life. Perhaps this is because there are so many exciting adventures in Neverland. One night, for example, the Indians attack their house. Some of the Indians go into the holes in the trees and can’t get out again. The other Indians have to pull them out, like works (瓶塞) from bottles. Another day Peter saves Tiger Lily, an Indian princess, from Captain Hook. The Indians become Peter’s friends after that. They guard the entrances to the house under the ground and protect the Lost Boys from the pirates (海盗). Then another day the pirates try to kill the boys with a poisoned (有毒的) cake. Luckily Wendy takes it from them in time. But then the “Night of Nights” arrives. The children don't know it, but this is the last evening on Neverland. In the house under the ground, Wendy puts John and Michael and the Lost Boys to bed. She starts to tell them their favorite story. Usually Peter puts his hands over his ears because he doesn’t like this story, but tonight he sits and listens with the others. “In this story there is a man,” says Wendy, “and his name is Mr. Darling. And there is a woman and her name is Mrs. Darling. They are married, and they have…” 1．Why do John and Michel start to forget their old life? A．Because the Indians attack their house. B．Because they experience a lot of adventures. C．Because their old life is not good. D．Because they are happy to stay with Wendy. 2．What does Peter do to make him and the Indians become friends? A．He pulls the Indians out of the holes. B．He protects the Lost Boys from the pirates. C．He saves Tiger Lily from the pirates. D．He helps the Indians kill the pirates. 3．Where is Wendy’s and the boys’ house? A．In the tree. B．In the holes. C．Under the ground. D．In the bottles. 4．How many exciting adventures are mentioned in the part? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．John and Michel feel unhappy on Neverland. B．Peter doesn’t want Wendy to go home. C．Wendy doesn’t miss her parents at all. D．The Indians are bad people. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了温迪和她的孩子回忆在Neverland经历的冒险之旅。 1．细节理解题。根据“They are starting to forget their old life. Perhaps this is because there are so many exciting adventures in Neverland.”可知，是因为他们经历了很多冒险。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Another day Peter saves Tiger Lily, an Indian princess, from Captain Hook. The Indians become Peter’s friends after that.”可知，彼得救了虎莲公主之后，他和印第安人成为了朋友。故选C。 3．细节理解题。 根据“In the house under the ground, Wendy puts John and Michael and the Lost Boys to bed.”可知，温蒂和男孩们的家在地下。 故选C。 4．细节理解题。 根据“One night, for example, the Indians attack their house.”和“Another day Peter saves Tiger Lily, an Indian princess, from Captain Hook.”以及最后一段“Then another day the pirates try to kill the boys with a poisoned (有毒的) cake.”可知，文章提到了3次激动人心的冒险。故选B。 5．推理判断题. 根据“She starts to tell them their favorite story. Usually Peter puts his hands over his ears because he doesn’t like this story, but tonight he sits and listens with the others. ‘In this story there is a man,’ says Wendy, ‘and his name is Mrs. Darling. And there is a woman and her name is Mrs. Darling. They are married, and they have…’”可知，彼得一改常态，认真地听故事，可见他不想让温蒂回家。故选B。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$