精品解析：上海市进才中学2024-2025学年高三上英语9月月考英语试题

2024-2025学年进才中学高三上英语9月月考 I. Grammar and Vocabulary 语法填空 Black Myth: Wukong Review — A Fantastically Exciting Action Game Black Myth: WuKong is a video game obsessed with impressive sights — but inspiring awe requires confidence. Such self-confidence is a rarity in big-budget games, _____1_____ concerns about mainstream acceptability often inspire fear instead. Thanks to its advanced graphics, Black Myth: Wukong looks _____2_____ it belonged to the blockbusters (大片), but this action game is actually the product of a Chinese game developer, Game Science. The game originated from the 16th-century East Asian novel, Journey to the West. You play as a stone monkey, SumWukong — or at least a character based on him; _____3_____ it actually is Wukong is left up to interpretation. In the original story, Wukong is said _____4_____ (possess) incredible strength and speed. He can also make copies of himself, too. Wukong is not an open-world game: there’s no mini map _____5_____ (dot) with tasks. Every new area comes with the possibility of getting lost, but the line between anxiety and excitement is thin. Wukong captures the charm of exploration better than games that show off the illusion of vastness, only to reduce their impressive world _____6_____ a collection of map icons. _____7_____ (minimize) the menu time envelops you more thoroughly in the marvelous landscapes. Deservedly, Black Myth: Wukong has been enormously successful. Journey to the West is a tale with a proven track record, but in the late decades no other adaptations of the novel _____8_____ (sell) 10 million copies in the span of just a few days. For some westerners, it seems to have come as a surprise that a game like this could come from a country known for mobile games. It is as if the weight of an entire country’s cultural export has been placed on a developer _____9_____ practically nobody would even have been able to name prior to this game’s release, and Game Science is clearly unused to the scrutiny (审视) it has received. But to look at Black Myth: Wukong purely through the lens of market sizes and tastes ______10______ (be) a harm that hides the most critical fact of all: it’s a fantastic game. Section B 选词填空 A. bet; B. broadly; C. displaced; D. host; E. jaw-dropping; F. laying; G. overshadowing; H. specifically; I. staged; J. steal; K. unhoused The Paris Olympics’ Success Will Be a Hard Act for L.A. to Follow After the epic success of the Paris Olympics, the risk for the 2028 Summer Games in Los Angeles is that the inevitable contrast will cast a harsh light on its urban dysfunction. However, L. A. ______11______ the Games with impressive success in 1984, whose legacy can be drawn on. In addition, Mayor Karen Bass is ______12______ plans to alleviate the city’ challenges for 2028. If the Paris Games were a showcase for the city’s gorgeous venues and iconic monuments, L.A.’s Olympics might easily expose a dystopian (反鸟托邦式的) downtown. People on both sides of the Atlantic know that America’s problems with violent crime, homelessness and substance abuse have long been ______13______ those across most of Europe. That doesn’t mean Europe is a problem-free paradise, but the range and depth of U.S. social ills are ______14______ when measured against Europe’s. Even for many Americans ______15______ aware of the difference, the statistics might come as a shock. For example, Los Angeles’ murder rate last year was more than six times higher than Paris’s. Another food for thought for Bass is L.A.’s ______16______ population — some 46.000 in the city, about 10 times the number in Paris. Ahead of the Paris Olympics, several thousand homeless people were ______17______ to temporary accommodations outside the capital under the guidance of French authorities. Plenty of factors beyond crime, drugs and urban dysfunction will play a role in L.A.’s success or failure as an Olympics ______18______. With Hollywood as a touchstone and the music industry as another, it’s a good ______19______ that the city will figure out how to generate buzz and throw a great party. Nevertheless, if Los Angeles can’t keep the Games safe, gun-play might _______20_______ the glory from the world’s finest athletes. Reading Comprehensions Section A A How-to Guide for Working Introverts (内向的人) Whether it is to bring bad news to your boss, or to face an interview panel, corporate life throws up distressing moments. But few things are worse than _____21_____ if you are an introvert. You arrive at an event to find everyone knowing each other already. But then you look more closely and spot the _____22_____. They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda, or checking mail box with greater _____23_____ than ever happens at the office. Fortunately, there is advice on how to break the ice. First, make _____24_____ in queues, because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you. Alternatively, don’t be afraid to laugh, because nothing _____25_____ the tension from room like laughter. Additionally, take notes on conversations to appear truly _____26_____. However, it’s not that easy to apply these tricks to real-life situations. But don’t worry, here’s another good news: building bonds on LinkedIn, an employment-focused site, is a lot less _____27_____. There is no eye contact, _____28_____, and the rules are well-accepted. A paper found that, because they bring you novel information, more _____29_____ relationships are more useful than close contacts. The experiment showed that weaker ties were more likely to _____30_____ job applications and job moves than stronger ties. This sounds like a relief for introverts, but let’s face it: even weak ties need tending. Even online, extroversion invariably _____31_____ higher social acceptability. There isn’t a genuinely painless _____32_____ for introverts’ expending the social circle. Still, there is one thing that you can do: to save your energy for the people who most likely interests you. According to Dr. Rajkumar, it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie, the better. The sweet spot in expanding connection is someone with _____33_____ weak ties to you. In other words, it _____34_____ if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful. In the offline world, a tool like ChatGPT should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees. Still, you need to overcome all your _____35_____ as introverts and approach them. 21. A. lying B. performing C. networking D. negotiating 22. A. fellow sufferers B. companion seekers C. mindless wanderers D. natural speakers 23. A. disgust B. relief C. intensity D. emotion 24. A. jokes B. contact C. comments D. judgment 25. A. heightens B. drains C. sustains D. builds 26. A. confused B. embarrassed C. fulfilled D. engaged 27. A. desirable B. stressful C. helpful D. hopeful 28. A. after all B. in turn C. by far D. in response 29. A. solid B. complicated C. unusual D. infrequent 30. A. make for B. make off C. make out D. make up 31. A. predicts B. chops C. boasts D. underlines 32. A. recovery B. recipe C. status D. decision 33. A. objectively B. moderately C. prospectively D. initially 34. A. follows suit B. holds true C. pays off D. takes pain 35. A. instincts B. conflicts C. shortcomings D. bias Section B (A) When I was 16, my father, in a burst of entrepreneurial spirit, bought an old guesthouse in our village and decided to turn it into a luxury hotel. At the early stages, he experimented with everything. My dad had never dipped a toe into the world of hospitality himself, yet he had a vision of what guests might desire. His standards were exceedingly high and he firmly believed that hard work was the golden ticket to achieving them. For a month that summer, my name was on the duty list as waitress at breakfast and dinner, which included laying the tables and glass polishing. This gave me the middle of the day to hit the books because my school report had not lived up to my father’s high expectations. Like all the other waitresses, I was equipped with a neat little uniform and instructions to treat the guests as though they were distinguished guests in my own home. Although I did not feel comfortable with this, I kept my feelings under wraps. Instead, I focused intently on performing the job as well as, if not better than, the older girls. I soon learned how to handle the two most frightening installations in the kitchen: the dishwasher and the chef, Gordon. He had an impressive chef’s hat and an ability to lose his temper for no clear reason. His breath was strong and fishy, and I always grabbed the dishes he set down with a forbidding expression on my face which was transformed into a charming smile between two battlefields. Breakfast waitressing was more enjoyable than the dinner shift. The guests came wandering into the dining room from seven thirty onwards their eyes lighting up at the breathtaking view of the sea and islands framed by our dining-room windows. If the day looked promising, I would note down requests for boats and packed lunches along with their breakfast orders. It was a matter of pride to me that everyone got their order quickly, and I took pleasure in my ability to get on with the people at each table. It was funny how differently people behaved in the evening, dressed up and talking with louder, colder voices, not always returning my smile. 36. How was the writer’s father according to the first paragraph? A. enterprising and cautious B. industrious and caring C. daring and demanding D. visionary and sensitive 37. What did the writer mean by saying “l always grabbed the dishes … a charming smile between two battlefields”? A. She drove Gordon made because of the way she look the dishes. B. She forbade Gordon from getting angry as the do-owner of the hotel. C. She checked the food Gordon gave her in case it smelled fishy D. She adjusted her mood very quickly to better serve the diners. 38. Why did the writer enjoy serving breakfasts more than dinners? A The splendid daytime scenery lifted her mood. B. She was delighted t establish friendly ties with diners C. Distinguished guests were more punctual at breakfast. D. It was more exciting to cater to challenging requests 39. What can be learned about the way the writer performed her job? A. She managed to do it better despite several difficulties. B. She devoted herself to it at the cost of her academic performance C. She found all aspects of it enjoyable like the other waitresses. D. She navigated it effortlessly owing to her self-confidence. (B) African elephants These beautiful beasts come close to imitating teen rebellion. Kids spend a decade with their mothers in female -dominated groups~~and ladies stay there-but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of brothers. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups. Orangutans Slow metabolisms (新陈代谢)allow them to survive food shortages—times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does. Orcas Killer whales join their mother’s familial group for life. This forever-bond seems to increase a baby’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. Risk of death post-mom-death rises as kids get older. Humans Why do we take so long to bake? Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature—a period that might make us more innovative. One study of teens and young adults found that youths outperformed their older generations in tasks requiring exploration and adaptation. Harp seals A harp seal’s “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A baby’s only purpose during that brief period of growing is to constantly nurse, gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber (鲸脂)every day. Once it’s heavy enough its weight increasing about 25 to 80 pounds it slides off the ice and. WoW spiders Every parent knows that tired kids love to take a piggyback ride. The wolf spider straps all her youngins (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying them until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to carry them for a few days. takes on the sea. 40. Which of the following live their families for the longest time? A. African elephants. B. Orangutans. C. Orcas. D. Humans. 41. What do orangutans and humans have in common? A. Both are good at surviving food shortages. B. Both need a relatively long time to mature. C. Both get more intelligent than old generations. D. Both are able to slow down their metabolisms. 42. Which of the following statements is true of harp seals? A. Their childhood lasts even shorter than wolf spiders. B. Their weight generally ranges from 25 to 80 pounds. C. They can gain about six pounds each day before they go to the sea. D. They usually nurse each other during the first 12 days of their life. (C) Come on - Everybody's doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good like drinking or drugs. But in her new book, Join the Cub, Tina Rosenberg argues that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world. Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored anti-smoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South African initiative known as Love-Life recruits young people to promote the idea of cherishing life among their peers. The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the inadequacy of many public-health campaigns is absolutely correct: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. “Dare to be different, please don't smoke!” urges one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers .. teenagers who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure. But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most obvious flaw of the social cure as it's presented here is that it doesn't work very well for very long Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the Love-Life program produces lasting change is limited and mixed. There's no doubt that our peer groups have enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits — as well as negative ones — spread through networks of friends via social contagion (社会濡染) . This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day. Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and officials can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It's like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The strategy never really works, And that's the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends. 43. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerge as ________. A. a supplement to the social cure B. a stimulus to group dynamics C. an obstacle to school progress D. a cause of undesirable behavior 44. Rosenberg holds that public-health advocates should ________. A. recruit professional advertisers B. model themselves after advertisers C. stay away from commercial advertisers D. recognize the limitations of advertisements 45. In the author's view, Rosenberg's book fails to ________. A. produce a lasting and positive social effect B. illustrate the functions of the state funding C. effectively avoid the flaws of the social cure D. take a dive into social and biological factors 46. Which of the following might be the best title? A. Peer Pressure Can Be a Lifesaver B. How Peer Pressure Harms More Than It Helps C. Overcoming Peer Pressure Through Social Cure D. The Hidden Costs of Peer Pressure and Public Health Section C Uber Wants to Cure Travel Sickness Uber is working on a system, described as “sensory stimulation system for autonomous vehicles” to prevent travel sickness in cars, which it sees as a barrier to the adoption of self-driving automobiles, stopping people from doing other things as they are ferried to their destination. _____47_____. Additional functions include the flow of air targeting the face or other part of the body, and light bars and screens to prevent passengers from feelings travel sick. _____48_____. Their work, socializing reading, writing, task-based activities and the like can make them feel dizzy. As the driverless vehicles travels along an inputted route, motion sickness can result from the perception of motion by a rider not corresponding to the rider’s balance and spatial orientation senses. Uber’s plan is to have a system that can stimulate the occupants as the self-driving car makes turns, brakes or speeds up, not necessarily to imitate the experience of being outside the car. _____49_____. For instance, the seats could vibrate when braking, or “a number of motors can control pitch (频) and roll of the seat” in response to turns. Uber also plans to use airflow in the cabin to provide passive stimulation: “when the autonomous vehicle is about to brake, the sensory stimulation system can use the airflow system to modify airflow within the cabin — including speed direction, temperature, timing, and height”. Additionally, “light bars” positioned in the ceiling or doors, or screens fitted around the cabin, show riders the vehicles’ intentions. _____50_____. Whether the system will actually work remains to be seen, but the benefits of having a computer driver instead of a human is to be expected. Computer will know when it is about to perform certain steps and be able to time the anti-sickness system accordingly. A. Consequently, passengers know when the car is about to turn, speed up or brake. B. A main feature Uber plans to integrate is to automatically use vibrating (震动的) and moving scats. C. It’s been criticized for years that drivers allow themselves to be distracted by family or work issues. D. Instead. its operating mechanism is to provide distractions and learned responses to motion. E. With the emergence of autonomous driving technology, rider attention can be focused on alternative activities. F A computer screen built into the instrument panel simultaneously records the car’s progress as a luminous dot (光点). IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future The previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge Van Gogh’s masterpiece. The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh path is not a single case: it’s not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electricity in most cities come from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of car emissions. But there’s also the belief that electric light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of night sky. For the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow, is attempting to use intellect street lighting, to monitor how citizen interact with the urban landscape and minimize electricity consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City” approach is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers are not convinced. They’re pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electric light entirely They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing machines that already exist in the natural world. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 成长与舒适不能共存，难道不是吗? (coexist) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 53. 怀揣着明星梦，这个男孩完全不想接管他父亲的古董店。(succeed) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 54. 在这家山顶酒店的露台上可以俯瞰五颜六色的热气球缓缓升起的壮观景象。(overlook) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 55. 下课铃一响，还没等体育老师宣布解散，同学们就迫不及待地奔向令人向往的食堂。(the instant) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ Vl. Guided Writing 56. 你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校计划将露天网球场改造为停车场，以满足学校教工停车的需求,但学校师生对这一计划褒贬不一。为了更好地帮助校方做出决策,学生会调研了师生对该网球场的使用情况,结果如下图所示。结合这一调研结果，写一封信给校方，内容须包括: 1.你否赞同这一改造计划; 2.结合调研结果说明你的理由。 The frequency of using the tennis court ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年进才中学高三上英语9月月考 I. Grammar and Vocabulary 语法填空 Black Myth: Wukong Review — A Fantastically Exciting Action Game Black Myth: WuKong is a video game obsessed with impressive sights — but inspiring awe requires confidence. Such self-confidence is a rarity in big-budget games, _____1_____ concerns about mainstream acceptability often inspire fear instead. Thanks to its advanced graphics, Black Myth: Wukong looks _____2_____ it belonged to the blockbusters (大片), but this action game is actually the product of a Chinese game developer, Game Science. The game originated from the 16th-century East Asian novel, Journey to the West. You play as a stone monkey, SumWukong — or at least a character based on him; _____3_____ it actually is Wukong is left up to interpretation. In the original story, Wukong is said _____4_____ (possess) incredible strength and speed. He can also make copies of himself, too. Wukong is not an open-world game: there’s no mini map _____5_____ (dot) with tasks. Every new area comes with the possibility of getting lost, but the line between anxiety and excitement is thin. Wukong captures the charm of exploration better than games that show off the illusion of vastness, only to reduce their impressive world _____6_____ a collection of map icons. _____7_____ (minimize) the menu time envelops you more thoroughly in the marvelous landscapes. Deservedly, Black Myth: Wukong has been enormously successful. Journey to the West is a tale with a proven track record, but in the late decades no other adaptations of the novel _____8_____ (sell) 10 million copies in the span of just a few days. For some westerners, it seems to have come as a surprise that a game like this could come from a country known for mobile games. It is as if the weight of an entire country’s cultural export has been placed on a developer _____9_____ practically nobody would even have been able to name prior to this game’s release, and Game Science is clearly unused to the scrutiny (审视) it has received. But to look at Black Myth: Wukong purely through the lens of market sizes and tastes ______10______ (be) a harm that hides the most critical fact of all: it’s a fantastic game. 【答案】1. where 2. as if##as though 3. whether 4. to possess 5. dotted 6. to##into 7. Minimizing 8. have sold 9. who##whom##that 10. is 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了《黑神话：悟空》这款游戏的独特之处。它有着令人印象深刻的视觉效果，以《西游记》为蓝本进行创作，游戏玩法在探索方面独具魅力，并且它取得了非常大的成功，打破了一些人对于中国游戏的刻板印象，强调尽管这款游戏受到了很多审视，但它本身是一款非常出色的游戏。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种自信在大预算游戏中是罕见，因为对主流可接受性的担忧往往会激发恐惧。这里是非限制性定语从句，先行词是big-budget games，在从句中作地点状语，表示“在大预算游戏中”，空处应为关系副词where。故填where。 2题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：凭借其先进的画面，《黑神话：悟空》看起来就像是大片，但实际上这款动作游戏是中国游戏开发商游戏科学的作品。此处为“好像”是固定搭配as if或者as though引导的表语从句，意思是“看起来好像”。故填as if/as though。 【3题详解】 考查连词。考查。句意：你扮演一只石猴，孙悟空——或者至少是一个以他为原型的角色；这个角色实际上是否是孙悟空有待解读。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意可知，此处表示“是否”应为whether，所以此处使用连接词whether引导主语从句。故填whether。 【4题详解】 考查不定式。句意：在原著中，据说悟空拥有令人难以置信的力量和速度。他也可以复制自己。be said to do sth.是固定结构，意为“据说做某事”，故填to possess。 【5题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：《悟空》不是一款开放世界游戏：没有带有任务的小地图标记点。mini map与dot之间是被动关系，用过去分词dotted作后置定语，意思是“标有任务的小地图”。故填dotted。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：《悟空》在展现探索的魅力方面比那些只炫耀广阔幻象却把令人印象深刻的世界简化为地图图标集合的游戏做得更好。此处reduce...to/into...是固定搭配，意思是“使……变成……”。故填to/into。 【7题详解】 考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少菜单时间，让你更彻底地沉浸在奇妙的风景中。空处应为动名词作主语。故填Minimizing。 【8题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：《西游记》是一个有良好记录的故事，但在最近几十年里，没有其他改编版本的小说能在短短几天内卖出1000万册。in the late decades是现在完成时的标志，no other adaptations作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have sold。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这就好像一个国家的全部文化输出的重任都落在了一个在这款游戏发布之前几乎没人能叫得出名字的开发者身上，而游戏科学显然还不习惯它所受到的审视。这里是定语从句，先行词是developer，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用who/whom/that引导。故填who/whom/that。 【10题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：但是单纯从市场规模和口味的角度来看《黑神话：悟空》是一种伤害，这种做法掩盖了一个最为关键的事实：这是一款非常出色的游戏。to look at Black Myth: Wukong purely through the lens of market sizes and tastes是不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。 Section B 选词填空 A. bet; B. broadly; C. displaced; D. host; E. jaw-dropping; F. laying; G. overshadowing; H. specifically; I. staged; J. steal; K. unhoused The Paris Olympics’ Success Will Be a Hard Act for L.A. to Follow After the epic success of the Paris Olympics, the risk for the 2028 Summer Games in Los Angeles is that the inevitable contrast will cast a harsh light on its urban dysfunction. However, L. A. ______11______ the Games with impressive success in 1984, whose legacy can be drawn on. In addition, Mayor Karen Bass is ______12______ plans to alleviate the city’ challenges for 2028. If the Paris Games were a showcase for the city’s gorgeous venues and iconic monuments, L.A.’s Olympics might easily expose a dystopian (反鸟托邦式的) downtown. People on both sides of the Atlantic know that America’s problems with violent crime, homelessness and substance abuse have long been ______13______ those across most of Europe. That doesn’t mean Europe is a problem-free paradise, but the range and depth of U.S. social ills are ______14______ when measured against Europe’s. Even for many Americans ______15______ aware of the difference, the statistics might come as a shock. For example, Los Angeles’ murder rate last year was more than six times higher than Paris’s. Another food for thought for Bass is L.A.’s ______16______ population — some 46.000 in the city, about 10 times the number in Paris. Ahead of the Paris Olympics, several thousand homeless people were ______17______ to temporary accommodations outside the capital under the guidance of French authorities. Plenty of factors beyond crime, drugs and urban dysfunction will play a role in L.A.’s success or failure as an Olympics ______18______. With Hollywood as a touchstone and the music industry as another, it’s a good ______19______ that the city will figure out how to generate buzz and throw a great party. Nevertheless, if Los Angeles can’t keep the Games safe, gun-play might _______20_______ the glory from the world’s finest athletes. 【答案】11. I 12. F 13. G. 14. E. 15. B. 16. K. 17. C 18. D 19. A. 20. J 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了2028年洛杉矶夏季奥运会面临的风险. 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，洛杉矶在1984年举办的奥运会取得了令人印象深刻的成功，其遗产可以借鉴。作谓语，stage“主办，举行”符合句意。陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，故选I。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：此外，市长卡伦·巴斯正在制定计划，以缓解该市2028年的挑战。动词lay“制定”符合句意，表示正在发生的动作，用现在进行时，填现在分词laying。故选F。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：大西洋两岸的人们都知道，美国的暴力犯罪、无家可归和药物滥用问题长期以来一直令欧洲大部分地区的问题黯然失色。overshadow“使黯然失色”符合句意。根据空前“have long been”可知本句为现在完成进行时，填现在分词overshadowing。故选G。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这并不意味着欧洲是一个没有问题的天堂，但与欧洲相比，美国社会弊病的范围和深度令人瞠目结舌。形容词作表语，jaw-dropping“令人惊愕的”符合句意。故选E。 【15题详解】 考查副词。句意：即使对许多广泛了解这种差异的美国人来说，统计数据也可能令人震惊。副词作状语，widely“广泛地”符合句意。故选B。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：另一个值得巴斯思考的地方是洛杉矶该市的无家可归人口约为4.6万人，大约是巴黎的10倍。形容词作定语，unhoused“无住所的”符合句意。 故选K。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：巴黎奥运会之前，数千名无家可归的人在法国当局的指导下被转移到首都外的临时住所。动词displace“使（人或动物群体）离开家园”符合句意，本句为一般过去的被动语态，设空处填过去分词displaced。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：除了犯罪、毒品和城市功能失调之外，许多因素都将影响洛杉矶作为奥运会主办国的成败。名词作宾语，host“东道主；主办国（或城市、机构）”符合句意。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：以好莱坞和音乐产业为试金石，这个城市很有可能想出如何制造轰动效应，举办一场盛大的派对。名词作表语，a good bet“很可能发生的事，有望成功的事”符合句意。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，如果洛杉矶不能保证奥运会的安全，枪战可能会偷走世界上最优秀运动员的荣耀。steal“偷”符合句意，情态动词后接动词原形。故选J。 Reading Comprehensions Section A A How-to Guide for Working Introverts (内向的人) Whether it is to bring bad news to your boss, or to face an interview panel, corporate life throws up distressing moments. But few things are worse than _____21_____ if you are an introvert. You arrive at an event to find everyone knowing each other already. But then you look more closely and spot the _____22_____. They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda, or checking mail box with greater _____23_____ than ever happens at the office. Fortunately, there is advice on how to break the ice. First, make _____24_____ in queues, because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you. Alternatively, don’t be afraid to laugh, because nothing _____25_____ the tension from room like laughter. Additionally, take notes on conversations to appear truly _____26_____. However, it’s not that easy to apply these tricks to real-life situations. But don’t worry, here’s another good news: building bonds on LinkedIn, an employment-focused site, is a lot less _____27_____. There is no eye contact, _____28_____, and the rules are well-accepted. A paper found that, because they bring you novel information, more _____29_____ relationships are more useful than close contacts. The experiment showed that weaker ties were more likely to _____30_____ job applications and job moves than stronger ties. This sounds like a relief for introverts, but let’s face it: even weak ties need tending. Even online, extroversion invariably _____31_____ higher social acceptability. There isn’t a genuinely painless _____32_____ for introverts’ expending the social circle. Still, there is one thing that you can do: to save your energy for the people who most likely interests you. According to Dr. Rajkumar, it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie, the better. The sweet spot in expanding connection is someone with _____33_____ weak ties to you. In other words, it _____34_____ if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful. In the offline world, a tool like ChatGPT should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees. Still, you need to overcome all your _____35_____ as introverts and approach them. 21. A. lying B. performing C. networking D. negotiating 22. A. fellow sufferers B. companion seekers C. mindless wanderers D. natural speakers 23. A. disgust B. relief C. intensity D. emotion 24. A. jokes B. contact C. comments D. judgment 25. A. heightens B. drains C. sustains D. builds 26. A. confused B. embarrassed C. fulfilled D. engaged 27. A. desirable B. stressful C. helpful D. hopeful 28. A. after all B. in turn C. by far D. in response 29. A. solid B. complicated C. unusual D. infrequent 30. A. make for B. make off C. make out D. make up 31. A. predicts B. chops C. boasts D. underlines 32. A. recovery B. recipe C. status D. decision 33. A. objectively B. moderately C. prospectively D. initially 34. A. follows suit B. holds true C. pays off D. takes pain 35. A. instincts B. conflicts C. shortcomings D. bias 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了内向者在职场和社交场合中面临的挑战，以及如何扩大社交圈的一些建议。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果你是一个内向的人，没有什么比社交更糟糕的了。A. lying 撒谎；B. performing 表现；C. networking 社交；D. negotiating 谈判。根据后文“if you are an introvert.”可知，对于内向的人来说，社交是最让他们最害怕的事。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：但当你更仔细地观察时，你会发现那些同病相怜的人。A. fellow sufferers 同病相怜者；B. companion seekers 寻求伴侣者；C. mindless wanderers 漫无目的游荡者；D. natural speakers 天生演说家。根据后文“They are the people who pretend to be reading the conference agenda, or checking mail box with greater 　　　　　3　　　　　 than ever happens at the office.”可知，此处说的人，都是内向的人在假装，所以是发现那些同病相怜的人。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：他们假装在看会议议程，或者比在办公室里更认真地查看邮箱。A. disgust 厌恶；B. relief 解脱；C. intensity 强烈；D. emotion 情感。根据后文“than ever happens at the office”结合选项可知，此处应是“比在办公室里更认真地查看邮箱”之意，符合语境。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：首先，在排队的时候联系，因为这样更容易和你前面和后面的人交谈。A. jokes 玩笑；B. contact 联系；C. comments 评论；D. judgment 判断。根据后文“because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you.”可知，是和你前面和后面的人交谈，所以是在排队的时候联系。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者，不要害怕笑，因为没有什么比笑更能消除房间里的紧张气氛了。A. heightens 提高；B. drains 耗尽；C. sustains 维持；D. builds 建立。根据后文“the tension from room like laughter.”可知，笑应该是能消除房间里的紧张气氛。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，在谈话中做笔记，让自己显得真正投入。A. confused 困惑的；B. embarrassed 尴尬的；C. fulfilled 充实的；D. engaged 专注的。根据前文“take notes on conversations”可知，在谈话中做笔记，会显得更加专注。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过别担心，这里还有另一个好消息：在以就业为重点的LinkedIn网站上建立联系，压力要小得多。A. desirable 令人向往的；B. stressful 有压力的；C. helpful 有帮助的；D. hopeful 有希望的。根据后文“There is no eye contact, 　8　, and the rules are well-accepted.”可知，没有眼神交流，规则都是大家认可的，所以是更小的压力。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，没有眼神交流，而且规则也被大家所接受。A. after all 毕竟；B. in turn 依次；C. by far …...得多；D. in response 作为回应。根据本句句意，此处是在对上文进行解释，所以应是“after all毕竟”符合语境。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一篇论文发现，因为它们能给你带来新奇的信息，不频繁的关系比亲密接触更有用。A. solid 坚实的；B. complicated 复杂的；C. unusual 不寻常的；D. infrequent 不常见的。根据后文“than close contacts”可知，此处是在和亲密接触作比较，所以应是“不频繁的关系”符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：实验表明，较弱的关系比较强的关系更容易获得工作申请和工作调动。A. make for 有利于；B. make off 逃走；C. make out 辨认出；D. make up 组成。根据上文“more 　9　　 relationships are more useful than close contacts.”可知，较弱的关系比较强的关系更有用，也就是更容易获得工作申请和工作调动。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在网上，外向总是预示着更高的社会接受度。A. predicts 预示；B. chops 切碎；C. boasts 夸耀；D. underlines 强调。根据常识可知，外向总是预示着更高的社会接受度。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：对于内向的人来说，拓展社交圈并没有什么不痛苦的方法。A. recovery 恢复；B. recipe 方法；C. status 状态；D. decision 决定。根据后文“introverts’ expending the social circle.”可知，对于内向的人来说，拓展社交圈并没有什么不痛苦的方法。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在扩大人际联系方面，最佳人选是那些与你有着适度薄弱联系的人。A. objectively 客观地；B. moderately 适度地；C. prospectively 预期地；D. initially 最初。根据前文“According to Dr. Rajkumar, it’s not always the thing that the weaker the tie, the better.”可知，并不总是关系越弱越好，所以应是最佳人选是那些与你有着适度薄弱联系的人。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：换句话说，如果你能找到那些能给你带来新信息的人，而且他们离你的世界足够近，这些信息是有用的，那么你就会得到回报。A. follows suit 效仿；B. holds true 适用；C. pays off 得到回报；D. takes pain 费力。根据后文“if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful.”可知，有用的信息自然会带来回报。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：不过，作为内向者，你需要克服所有的本能，接近他们。A. instincts 本能；B. conflicts 冲突；C. shortcomings 缺点；D. bias 偏见。根据后文“as introverts and approach them”可知，作为内向者，要接近他人，需要克服自己的本能不喜交流的心态。故选A项。 Section B (A) When I was 16, my father, in a burst of entrepreneurial spirit, bought an old guesthouse in our village and decided to turn it into a luxury hotel. At the early stages, he experimented with everything. My dad had never dipped a toe into the world of hospitality himself, yet he had a vision of what guests might desire. His standards were exceedingly high and he firmly believed that hard work was the golden ticket to achieving them. For a month that summer, my name was on the duty list as waitress at breakfast and dinner, which included laying the tables and glass polishing. This gave me the middle of the day to hit the books because my school report had not lived up to my father’s high expectations. Like all the other waitresses, I was equipped with a neat little uniform and instructions to treat the guests as though they were distinguished guests in my own home. Although I did not feel comfortable with this, I kept my feelings under wraps. Instead, I focused intently on performing the job as well as, if not better than, the older girls. I soon learned how to handle the two most frightening installations in the kitchen: the dishwasher and the chef, Gordon. He had an impressive chef’s hat and an ability to lose his temper for no clear reason. His breath was strong and fishy, and I always grabbed the dishes he set down with a forbidding expression on my face which was transformed into a charming smile between two battlefields. Breakfast waitressing was more enjoyable than the dinner shift. The guests came wandering into the dining room from seven thirty onwards, their eyes lighting up at the breathtaking view of the sea and islands framed by our dining-room windows. If the day looked promising, I would note down requests for boats and packed lunches along with their breakfast orders. It was a matter of pride to me that everyone got their order quickly, and I took pleasure in my ability to get on with the people at each table. It was funny how differently people behaved in the evening, dressed up and talking with louder, colder voices, not always returning my smile. 36. How was the writer’s father according to the first paragraph? A. enterprising and cautious B. industrious and caring C. daring and demanding D. visionary and sensitive 37. What did the writer mean by saying “l always grabbed the dishes … a charming smile between two battlefields”? A. She drove Gordon made because of the way she look the dishes. B. She forbade Gordon from getting angry as the do-owner of the hotel. C. She checked the food Gordon gave her in case it smelled fishy D. She adjusted her mood very quickly to better serve the diners. 38. Why did the writer enjoy serving breakfasts more than dinners? A. The splendid daytime scenery lifted her mood. B. She was delighted t establish friendly ties with diners C. Distinguished guests were more punctual at breakfast. D. It was more exciting to cater to challenging requests 39. What can be learned about the way the writer performed her job? A. She managed to do it better despite several difficulties. B. She devoted herself to it at the cost of her academic performance C. She found all aspects of it enjoyable like the other waitresses. D. She navigated it effortlessly owing to her self-confidence. 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者16岁时在父亲开设的旅馆中做服务员的经历，包括工作内容、与同事和客人的互动以及个人感受等。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was 16, my father, in a burst of entrepreneurial spirit, bought an old guesthouse in our village and decided to turn it into a luxury hotel. At the early stages, he experimented with everything. My dad had never dipped a toe into the world of hospitality himself, yet he had a vision of what guests might desire. His standards were exceedingly high and he firmly believed that hard work was the golden ticket to achieving them.(我16岁那年，父亲突发企业家精神，买下了我们村里的一间旧宾馆，决定把它改造成一家豪华酒店。在早期阶段，他尝试了所有的东西。我父亲自己从未涉足过招待客人的世界，但他对客人的需求有一个预见。他的标准非常高，他坚信努力工作是实现这些目标的黄金门票)”可知，父亲从未涉足过酒店的世界，却准备开酒店，说明父亲是胆子大的，他的标准非常高，说明他是要求高的。故选C项。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“I soon learned how to handle the two most frightening installations in the kitchen: the dishwasher and the chef, Gordon., He had an impressive chef’s hat and an ability to lose his temper for no clear reason. His breath was strong and fishy(我很快就学会了如何应对厨房里两个最让人害怕的存在：洗碗机和厨师戈登。戈登戴着一顶引人注目的厨师帽，而且总是无缘无故地发脾气。他的口气很重，带着鱼腥味)”可知，作者很快就学会了如何应对厨房里两个最让人害怕的存在，所以是很快调整了心情，以便更好地为食客服务。故选D项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Breakfast waitressing was more enjoyable than the dinner shift. The guests came wandering into the dining room from seven thirty onwards, their eyes lighting up at the breathtaking view of the sea and islands framed by our dining-room windows. If the day looked promising, I would note down requests for boats and packed lunches along with their breakfast orders. It was a matter of pride to me that everyone got their order quickly, and I took pleasure in my ability to get on with the people at each table. It was funny how differently people behaved in the evening, dressed up and talking with louder, colder voices, not always returning my smile.(做早餐服务员比当班吃晚饭有意思多了。客人们从七点半开始就溜达着走进餐厅，映入眼帘的是我们餐厅窗户映出的大海和岛屿的壮丽景色。如果这一天看起来很有希望，我就会在他们的早餐订单上记下他们要船和盒装午餐的要求。让我感到骄傲的是，每个人都很快点了菜，我也很高兴能和每桌的人和睦相处。有趣的是，晚上人们的行为举止各不相同，他们盛装打扮，说话声音更大、更冷，并不总是对我报以微笑)”可知，来吃早餐的人比吃晚餐的人更能建立友好关系，所以作者更喜欢提供早餐而不是晚餐。故选B项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Like all the other waitresses, I was equipped with a neat little uniform and instructions to treat the guests as though they were distinguished guests in my own home. Although I did not feel comfortable with this, I kept my feelings under wraps. Instead, I focused intently on performing the job as well as, if not better than, the older girls.(像所有其他女服务员一样，我也穿着整洁的小制服，并得到指示，要像对待自己家里的贵宾一样对待客人。虽然我对此感到不舒服，但我还是把自己的感受隐藏起来。相反，我专注于把工作做得和年长的女孩们一样好，如果不是更好的话)”以及第四段“I soon learned how to handle the two most frightening installations in the kitchen: the dishwasher and the chef, Gordon.(我很快就学会了如何处理厨房里最可怕的两个设备：洗碗机和厨师戈登)”可知，尽管遇到了一些困难，她还是设法做得更好。故选A项。 (B) African elephants These beautiful beasts come close to imitating teen rebellion. Kids spend a decade with their mothers in female -dominated groups~~and ladies stay there-but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of brothers. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups. Orangutans Slow metabolisms (新陈代谢)allow them to survive food shortages—times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does. Orcas Killer whales join their mother’s familial group for life. This forever-bond seems to increase a baby’s chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more likely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. Risk of death post-mom-death rises as kids get older. Humans Why do we take so long to bake? Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature—a period that might make us more innovative. One study of teens and young adults found that youths outperformed their older generations in tasks requiring exploration and adaptation. Harp seals A harp seal’s “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A baby’s only purpose during that brief period of growing is to constantly nurse, gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber (鲸脂)every day. Once it’s heavy enough its weight increasing about 25 to 80 pounds it slides off the ice and. WoW spiders Every parent knows that tired kids love to take a piggyback ride. The wolf spider straps all her youngins (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying them until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to carry them for a few days. takes on the sea. 40. Which of the following live their families for the longest time? A. African elephants. B. Orangutans. C. Orcas. D. Humans. 41 What do orangutans and humans have in common? A. Both are good at surviving food shortages. B. Both need a relatively long time to mature. C. Both get more intelligent than old generations. D. Both are able to slow down their metabolisms. 42. Which of the following statements is true of harp seals? A. Their childhood lasts even shorter than wolf spiders. B. Their weight generally ranges from 25 to 80 pounds. C. They can gain about six pounds each day before they go to the sea. D. They usually nurse each other during the first 12 days of their life. 【答案】40. C 41. B 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种动物成长的特点。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。文章Orcas段讲到“This forever-bond seems to increase a baby’s chance of survival (这种永久的联系似乎增加了婴儿的生存机会)”可知Orcas是永久地生活在家庭里， 因此家庭生活时间最长的是Orcas，故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。文章Orangutans段讲到“growth and maturation take time (成长和成熟需要时间)” 以及文章第Humans段讲到“Our big brains need up to 25 years to mature (我们的大脑最长需要25年才能成熟)”可知猩猩和人类的共同点是两者都需要相对较长的时间才能成熟，故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。文章harp seals段讲到“A harp seal’s ‘childhood’ lasts just 12 days. (harp seals的‘童年’只持续12天。)”以及“its weight increasing about 25 to 80 pounds(它的重量会增加大约25到80磅)”可知关于harp seals在出海之前每天增长的体重是25÷12约等于2.08镑或者80÷12约等于6.6镑，使用说法正确的是他们在入海前每天可以增加大约六磅，故选C。 (C) Come on - Everybody's doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good like drinking or drugs. But in her new book, Join the Cub, Tina Rosenberg argues that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world. Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored anti-smoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South African initiative known as Love-Life recruits young people to promote the idea of cherishing life among their peers. The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the inadequacy of many public-health campaigns is absolutely correct: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. “Dare to be different, please don't smoke!” urges one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers .. teenagers who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure. But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most obvious flaw of the social cure as it's presented here is that it doesn't work very well for very long Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the Love-Life program produces lasting change is limited and mixed. There's no doubt that our peer groups have enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits — as well as negative ones — spread through networks of friends via social contagion (社会濡染) . This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day. Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and officials can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It's like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The strategy never really works, And that's the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends. 43. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerge as ________. A. a supplement to the social cure B. a stimulus to group dynamics C. an obstacle to school progress D. a cause of undesirable behavior 44. Rosenberg holds that public-health advocates should ________. A. recruit professional advertisers B. model themselves after advertisers C. stay away from commercial advertisers D. recognize the limitations of advertisements 45. In the author's view, Rosenberg's book fails to ________. A. produce a lasting and positive social effect B. illustrate the functions of the state funding C. effectively avoid the flaws of the social cure D. take a dive into social and biological factors 46. Which of the following might be the best title? A. Peer Pressure Can Be a Lifesaver B. How Peer Pressure Harms More Than It Helps C Overcoming Peer Pressure Through Social Cure D. The Hidden Costs of Peer Pressure and Public Health 【答案】43. D 44. B 45. D 46. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了《加入俱乐部》这本书，说明了同辈压力也可以成为一种积极的力量。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“ It usually leads to no good like drinking or drugs.(它通常会导致像酗酒或吸毒那样的不良后果)”可知，同龄人的压力通常伴随着一些坏的行为的发生。故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure(罗森博格令人信服地辩称，公共卫生倡导者应该从广告商那里获取一页信息，因为广告商非常擅长施加给同行压力)”可知，罗森伯格认为，公共倡导者应该以广告商为榜样。故选B。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.(《加入俱乐部》这本书中充满了太多不相关的细节，没有对使同辈压力如此强大的社会和生物因素进行足够的探索)”可知，作者认为这本书并未对同龄人带来的压力的社会因素和生物因素进行探索。故选D。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“But in her new book, Join the Cub, Tina Rosenberg argues that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.(但在她的新书Join the Cub中，蒂娜·罗森伯格认为，同辈压力也可以成为一种积极的力量，通过她所谓的社会治疗，组织和官员利用群体动力的力量来帮助个人改善他们的生活，甚至可能改善世界)”可知，同辈压力也可以成为一种积极的力量。所以短文的标题为“同辈压力可以成为你的救星”。故选A。 Section C Uber Wants to Cure Travel Sickness Uber is working on a system, described as “sensory stimulation system for autonomous vehicles” to prevent travel sickness in cars, which it sees as a barrier to the adoption of self-driving automobiles, stopping people from doing other things as they are ferried to their destination. _____47_____. Additional functions include the flow of air targeting the face or other part of the body, and light bars and screens to prevent passengers from feelings travel sick. _____48_____. Their work, socializing reading, writing, task-based activities and the like can make them feel dizzy. As the driverless vehicles travels along an inputted route, motion sickness can result from the perception of motion by a rider not corresponding to the rider’s balance and spatial orientation senses. Uber’s plan is to have a system that can stimulate the occupants as the self-driving car makes turns, brakes or speeds up, not necessarily to imitate the experience of being outside the car. _____49_____. For instance, the seats could vibrate when braking, or “a number of motors can control pitch (频) and roll of the seat” in response to turns. Uber also plans to use airflow in the cabin to provide passive stimulation: “when the autonomous vehicle is about to brake, the sensory stimulation system can use the airflow system to modify airflow within the cabin — including speed direction, temperature, timing, and height”. Additionally, “light bars” positioned in the ceiling or doors, or screens fitted around the cabin, show riders the vehicles’ intentions. _____50_____. Whether the system will actually work remains to be seen, but the benefits of having a computer driver instead of a human is to be expected. Computer will know when it is about to perform certain steps and be able to time the anti-sickness system accordingly. A. Consequently, passengers know when the car is about to turn, speed up or brake. B. A main feature Uber plans to integrate is to automatically use vibrating (震动的) and moving scats. C. It’s been criticized for years that drivers allow themselves to be distracted by family or work issues. D. Instead. its operating mechanism is to provide distractions and learned responses to motion. E. With the emergence of autonomous driving technology, rider attention can be focused on alternative activities. F. A computer screen built into the instrument panel simultaneously records the car’s progress as a luminous dot (光点). 【答案】47. B 48. E 49. D 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章详细介绍了优步正在开发的一种用于自动驾驶汽车的“感官刺激系统”，旨在防止乘客在自动驾驶汽车中出现晕车现象，并解释了该系统的工作原理及其可能带来的好处。 【47题详解】 根据前文“Uber is working on a system, described as “sensory stimulation system for autonomous vehicles” to prevent travel sickness in cars, which it sees as a barrier to the adoption of self-driving automobiles, stopping people from doing other things as they are ferried to their destination.(优步正在开发一种被称为“自动驾驶汽车感官刺激系统”的系统，以防止车内的旅行病，优步认为这是采用自动驾驶汽车的一个障碍，阻止人们在前往目的地的途中做其他事情)”以及后文“Additional functions include the flow of air targeting the face or other part of the body, and light bars and screens to prevent passengers from feelings travel sick.(附加功能包括针对面部或身体其他部位的气流，以及防止乘客晕车的光条和屏幕)”可知，前文讲述，优步正在开发一种被称为“自动驾驶汽车感官刺激系统”的系统，后文讲述附加功能，所以空处应是主要功能，所以B项“A main feature Uber plans to integrate is to automatically use vibrating (震动的) and moving scats.(优步计划整合的一个主要功能是自动使用振动和移动的座椅)”符合文意。故选B项。 【48题详解】 根据后文“Their work, socializing reading, writing, task-based activities and the like can make them feel dizzy.(他们的工作、社交、阅读、写作、基于任务的活动等都会让他们感到头晕)”可知，E项“With the emergence of autonomous driving technology, rider attention can be focused on alternative activities.(随着自动驾驶技术的出现，乘客的注意力可以集中在其他活动上)”和后句构成因果关系，后句具体讲述了那些其他活动，以及产生的后果，符合文意。故选E项。 【49题详解】 根据前文“Uber’s plan is to have a system that can stimulate the occupants as the self-driving car makes turns, brakes or speeds up, not necessarily to imitate the experience of being outside the car.(优步的计划是建立一个系统，在自动驾驶汽车转弯、刹车或加速时刺激乘客，而不一定是模仿在车外的体验)”以及后文“For instance, the seats could vibrate when braking, or “a number of motors can control pitch (频) and roll of the seat” in response to turns.(例如，当刹车时座椅可以振动，或者“一些马达可以控制座椅的俯仰和滚动”以响应转弯)”可知，本段主要讲述，优步准备采取那些措施去解决乘客的不适问题，所以D项“Instead,its operating mechanism is to provide distractions and learned responses to motion.(相反，它的运作机制是提供分心和对运动的学习反应。)”符合语境，为优步采取的措施，与前文是转折关系，后文解释举例。故选D项。 【50题详解】 位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Additionally, “light bars” positioned in the ceiling or doors, or screens fitted around the cabin, show riders the vehicles’ intentions.(此外，安装在天花板或车门上的“灯条”，或安装在车厢周围的屏幕，向乘客展示车辆的意图)”可知，A项“Consequently, passengers know when the car is about to turn, speed up or brake.(因此，乘客知道汽车何时要转弯、加速或刹车)”是前文措施的结果，和前文构成因果关系，符合文意。故选A项。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Light the Cities of the Future The previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced with a material that consists of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh path, so called after the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that acknowledge Van Gogh’s masterpiece. The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van Gogh path is not a single case: it’s not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of the future. Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical lighting anyway? Well, the problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electricity in most cities come from non-renewable resources. According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is responsible for high levels of car emissions. But there’s also the belief that electric light itself is a form of pollution by destroying our view of night sky. For the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow, is attempting to use intellect street lighting, to monitor how citizen interact with the urban landscape and minimize electricity consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City” approach is seen by many as the way of the future, but some designers are not convinced. They’re pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in order to replace electric light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing machines that already exist in the natural world. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章首先介绍了荷兰一条新铺设的发光自行车道——梵高之路，它使用了数千颗发光石来照明，以此引出城市照明的未来趋势。接着，文章介绍了当前城市照明存在的问题，包括能源消耗和光污染，并提出了智能街道照明和利用自然材料作为替代方案。最后，文章展望了这些新技术可能完全取代现有微芯片和数字系统的未来。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands has been resurfaced with luminous stones to create a well-lit route. ②Electrical lighting in most cities comes from non-renewable resources and contributes to high levels of carbon emissions. ③Electrical light is considered a form of pollution that destroys our view of the night sky. ④Alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials are being explored to create a more sustainable urban environment. 2. 缜密构思 将第①要点作为引入，第②和第③要点整合讨论现有城市照明的问题，第④要点作为解决方案和未来展望。 3. 遣词造句 The Van Gogh Path, a luminous cycle path in the Netherlands, represents an innovative approach to city lighting. Current electrical city lighting is problematic due to its reliance on non-renewable resources and the pollution it causes. Alternatives like intelligent street lighting and the use of natural materials are being considered for a more sustainable and visually pleasing urban environment. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage discusses the innovation in city lighting by introducing the Van Gogh Path in the Netherlands, which uses luminous stones for illumination. 运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第一段进行了概括。其中which引导的定语从句，表达非常高级。 [高分句型2] It highlights the environmental and aesthetic issues with current electrical lighting and explores alternatives such as intelligent street lighting and natural materials to create a more sustainable and visually appealing urban environment. 运用了such as引出具体的例子，对第二段和第三段进行了总结。其中不定式to create作目的状语，表达非常高级。 V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 成长与舒适不能共存，难道不是吗? (coexist) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Growth and comfort can’t coexist, can they? 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和反义疑问句。表示“成长”用名词growth，表示“舒适”用名词comfort，二者为并列关系，用连词and连接，growth and comfort为主语，句首单词首字母大写。表示“不能”用情态动词的否定形式can’t；表示“共存”用coexist，位于can’t后，动词用原形。陈述部分是否定的，反问部分将陈述句的否定形式改成肯定形式，陈述部分用can’t，疑问部分用can，主语用they“它们”，代替Growth and comfort。故翻译为Growth and comfort cannot coexist, can they? 53. 怀揣着明星梦，这个男孩完全不想接管他父亲的古董店。(succeed) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With dreams of stardom, the boy has no intention of succeeding his father’s antique shop. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般现在时，表示客观情况。表示“怀揣着明星梦”可用with dreams of stardom，为介词短语作状语，其中stardom，表“明星的地位(或身份)”，在本句中作介词后宾语，with位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“这个男孩完全不想接管他父亲的古董店”应用the boy has no intention of succeeding his father’s antique shop，其中have no intention of ，表“无意……”，为固定搭配；succeeding his father’s antique shop(接管他父亲的古董店)，为动名词短语作介词后宾语。故翻译为With dreams of stardom, the boy has no intention of succeeding his father’s antique shop. 54. 在这家山顶酒店的露台上可以俯瞰五颜六色的热气球缓缓升起的壮观景象。(overlook) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The terrace of this hilltop hotel overlooks the spectacular view of colorful hot air balloons rising slowly. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和非谓语。陈述事实，为一般现在时。“这家山顶酒店的露台”翻译为The terrace of this hilltop hotel，“俯瞰”为overlook；“五颜六色的热气球缓缓升起的壮观景象”为the spectacular view of colorful hot air balloons rising slowly，其中rising为现在分词作定语。故翻译为The terrace of this hilltop hotel overlooks the spectacular view of colorful hot air balloons rising slowly. 55. 下课铃一响，还没等体育老师宣布解散，同学们就迫不及待地奔向令人向往的食堂。(the instant) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The instant the bell rang and before the PE teacher announced the dissolution, the students could not wait to rush to the desirable canteen. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句、时态、固定短语。表示“一……就”用the instant引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母大写；从句中：表示“铃”用bell，作主语，此处为特指，bell前加the；表示“响”应用ring，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。表示“在……之前”用before，引导时间状语，从句中：表示“体育老师”用PE teacher，作主语，此处为特指，PE teacher前加the；表示“宣布”用announce，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式，表示“解散”用dissolution，作宾语，此处为特指，dissolution前加the。两个时间状语从句为并列关系，用连词and连接。表示“同学们”用student的复数students，作主语；表示“迫不及待做某事”用couldn not wait to do sth.；表示“奔向某地”用rush to，其中to为介词；表示“令人向往的食堂”用the desirable canteen，作宾语。故翻译为The instant the bell rang, and before the PE teacher announced the dissolution, the students could not wait to rush to the desirable canteen. Vl. Guided Writing 56. 你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校计划将露天网球场改造为停车场，以满足学校教工停车的需求,但学校师生对这一计划褒贬不一。为了更好地帮助校方做出决策,学生会调研了师生对该网球场的使用情况,结果如下图所示。结合这一调研结果，写一封信给校方，内容须包括: 1.你是否赞同这一改造计划; 2.结合调研结果说明你的理由。 The frequency of using the tennis court ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear School Administration, I’m Li Ming, a senior three student. I strongly oppose the plan to convert the outdoor tennis court into a parking lot. The survey results clearly demonstrate that while the tennis court may not be heavily used daily, it sees significant utilization at least once a week. This suggests that it plays a vital role in providing recreational opportunities for both teachers and students during their leisure time. Turning it into a parking lot would eliminate this precious space for physical activities and relaxation. Moreover, a healthy and active lifestyle is essential for our overall well-being and academic performance. The tennis court offers a valuable outlet for us to stay fit and relieve stress. Therefore, I believe maintaining the tennis court is of greater importance. Best regards, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生结合师生对该网球场的使用情况调研结果，就是否赞成将露天网球场改造为停车场发表自己观点并写一封信给校方。 【详解】1.词汇积累 反对：oppose→be against 重要的：vital →crucial 机会：opportunity→chance 并且：moreover→besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I strongly oppose the plan to convert the outdoor tennis court into a parking lot. 拓展句： I strongly oppose the plan that aims to convert the outdoor tennis court into a parking lot. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 This suggests that it plays a vital role in providing recreational opportunities for both teachers and students during their leisure time. （运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】 Turning it into a parking lot would eliminate this precious space for physical activities and relaxation. （运用了动名词作主语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$