精品解析：内蒙古自治区赤峰市红山区赤峰二中2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

赤峰二中2022级高三上学期第二次月考 英语试卷 （考试时间: 120分钟 试卷满分: 150分） 第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项、听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15 答案是C. 1. What is the man asking about? A. Ticket price. B. Show duration. C. Seat availability. 2. How does Linda feel toward Tom's proposal? A. Grateful. B. Guilty. C. Worried. 3. What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Revise a play. B. Watch a drama. C. Shoot a performance. 4. What is Jane doing? A. Writing a financial report. B. Booking a meeting room. C. Printing a needed material. 5. Why will Sarah miss the group presentation? A. She got her part covered. B. Her flight is delayed. C. She didn't plan for it. 第二节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟: 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答6、7题, 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a bookstore. B. At a library. C. At a writing class. 7. Why does the man refuse to get a half-priced book? A. The price is unacceptable. B. No other book appeals to him. C. He plans to borrow one elsewhere. 听第7段对话, 回答第8至10题。 8. What are. young passionate architects advised to do? A. Wait for the right choice. B. Seek professionals' assistance. C. Devote themselves to the career. 9. What is the woman's advice to those uninterested in architecture? A. Stick to the path. B. Develop their creativity. C. Explore a new field. 10. Who is the man? A. A young architect. B. A show host. C. A career consultant. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. What is Tina trying to do? A. Find an excuse. B. Make a negotiation. C. Extend an apology. 12. Why does Tina want to decline Kelly's party invitation? A. She has another engagement. B. She is preparing for a test. C. She hates loud music. 13. What policy does Ben follow? A. Seize the day. B. Be straightforward. C. Always attend. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. She is slicing meat. B. She is rating the service. C. She is trying Beijing hot pot. 15. How should the woman cook the meat? A. By holding it. with chopsticks. B. By boiling it with some Majiang. C. By cooking it fully for eight minutes. 16. Which aspect of Beijing hot pot impresses the woman most? A. The soup. B. The pot. C. The flavor. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Customer and waiter. B. Husband and wife. C. Tourist and guide. 听第 10 段材料, 回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. How many stories will be read today? A. 3. B. 4. C.5. 19. What else will the audience get from the channel? A. Local news. B. Free subscription. C. Travel information. 20. What do we know about the British teenager? A. He went abroad alone. B He experimented in Southwest China. C. He changed the mind of many villagers. 第二部分: 阅读理解（共两节, 满分.50分） 第一节（共15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的. A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Are you a bit bored with your nine to-five routine? Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure you’d like. Activity holidays Our activity holidays: are for everyone, people who love danger — or who just like sports. We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. If you prefer snow, you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps or even igloo-building. For those who like warmer weather, we also have sandboarding or camel safaris. Polar expeditions Take a cruise to Antarctica; explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife. Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the penguins in Antarctica or whales and polar bears in the Arctic. There’s no greater adventure than travelling to the ends of the earth. A once-in-a-lifetime experience! Cultural journeys Our cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilisations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins-just remember to bring your camera! Get to know local ways of life by exploring markets, trying exotic foods and meeting local people. Trekking tours We have trekking holidays to famous places such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek. You don’t need to be very sporty, just fairly fit. You’ll have a great time enjoying nature with a group of new friends. Some of the holidays include camping, but we’ll transport the tents for you! 1. What will people do at Polar expeditions? A. Snowboard in the Alps. B. Explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife. C. Watch penguins in Arctic. D. Learn about local people. 2. Which adventure will attract a history researcher most? A. Activity holidays. B. Polar expeditions. C. Cultural journeys. D. Trekking tours. 3. What is required for people who choose Trekking tours? A. Go together with their friends. B. Be expert at sports. C. Be in good shape. D. Prepare tents in advance. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些假期的冒险活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Polar expeditions中“Take a cruise to Antarctica; explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife.(坐游轮去南极洲；探索白色的自然美景和奇妙的野生动物的土地。)”可知，人们在极地探险时会探索一片拥有白色自然美景和奇妙野生动物的土地。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Cultural journeys中“Our cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilisations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins-just remember to bring your camera!(我们的文化之旅将帮助您发现古老的文明：印度、泰国、埃及等等。参观寺庙、宫殿和古代遗迹——只要记得带上你的相机！)”可知，文化之旅冒险最能吸引历史研究者。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Trekking tours中“You don’t need to be very sporty, just fairly fit.(你不需要非常喜欢运动，只要相当健康就可以了。)”可知，选择徒步旅行的人需要身体状况良好。故选C项。 B The Tsinghua University Art Museum in Beijing houses a rich collection of old artworks, including some Qing Dynasty portraits. Among them, the portrait of Su Wu, a Chinese diplomat in the Western Han Dynasty some 2,100 years ago, shows a unique way of using lines by the artist Ren Bonian. “When you look at the lines on his robe, it's like painting a rock. They are very hard and straight, well-defined lines,” explained art curator and columnist Wang Jia. Chinese portraits focus on presenting the inner spirit of their subjects rather than aiming for a realistic depiction like their western counterparts. Artists work with lines and space to make the form show the subject’s personality, The production process of Chinese portraits also varied in contrast to those made in the West. In the history of Chinese art, scholarly painters were often quite shy when it came to recording images of themselves. They preferred to use calligraphy and landscape painting to express their thoughts and aspirations. As China ushered in the 20th century, trends in modern Western art inspired many Chinese masters, and this was often reflected in their self-portraits. Wen Ling, a contemporary artist, represents an entirely new generation of artists compared to the Style and works of his predecessors (前辈). In 2010, he began implementing his so-called “experience-unwinding” practices in his works, which have given him many new perspectives from which to view the world. Different cultural and historical backgrounds generate paintings with varied themes, techniques, styles. But when we put those differences aside, portrait paintings offer a visual account of how artists view others as well as themselves, and how human consciousness has developed over time. 4. What may be one of the characters of Su Wu? A. Carefree. B. Difficult. C. Resolved. D. Cold-hearted. 5. What may be the difference between Chinese and Western portrait artists? A. Chinese artists highlight the internal world of their subjects, while Western artists aim for external description. B. Chinese artists prioritize realistic likeness, while Western artists focus on inner spirit. C. Both Chinese and Western artists equally prioritize realism and inner spirit. D. Chinese artists only paint landscapes, while Western artists focus solely on portraits. 6. What can we learn from Para. 3 and Para. 4? A. Chinese artists began to combine traditional techniques with Western influences. B. Chinese artists started to embrace modern Western art tendency. C. Chinese artists stopped painting self-portraits altogether and focused on calligraphy. D. Chinese artists became more focused on light and shade. 7. What can be the best title of this text? A. Differences between Chinese and Western artists. B. The evolution of portrait painting in China. C. A focus on creating realistic depictions of historical figures. D. Unraveling the mysteries of Chinese and Western portrait paintings. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国肖像绘画的特点及其随时间及文化交流的演变。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Among them, the portrait of Su Wu, a Chinese diplomat in the Western Han Dynasty some 2,100 years ago, shows a unique way of using lines by the artist Ren Bonian. “When you look at the lines on his robe, it’s like painting a rock. They are very hard and straight, well-defined lines,” explained art curator and columnist Wang Jia.(其中，约2100年前的西汉外交家苏武的画像，展示了艺术家任伯年独特的线条运用方式。‘当你看到他长袍上的线条时，就像在画一块石头。它们是非常坚硬、笔直、清晰的线条，’艺术策展人、专栏作家王加解释道。)”以及第二段中“Chinese portraits focus on presenting the inner spirit of their subjects rather than aiming for a realistic depiction like their western counterparts.( 中国的肖像画注重表现人物的内在精神，而不像西方的肖像画那样以写实为目标。)”可推知，苏武可能是意志坚定，坚决的性格。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Chinese portraits focus on presenting the inner spirit of their subjects rather than aiming for a realistic depiction like their western counterparts.(中国的肖像画注重表现人物的内在精神，而不像西方的肖像画那样以写实为目标。)”可知，中国艺术家强调的是对象的内在世界，而西方艺术家注重的是外在的描述。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“They preferred to use calligraphy and landscape painting to express their thoughts and aspirations. As China ushered in the 20th century, trends in modern Western art inspired many Chinese masters, and this was often reflected in their self-portraits.(他们更喜欢用书法和山水画来表达他们的思想和愿望。随着中国进入20世纪，西方现代艺术的潮流启发了许多中国大师，这通常反映在他们的自画像上。)”以及第四段“Wen Ling, a contemporary artist, represents an entirely new generation of artists compared to the Style and works of his predecessors (前辈). In 2010, he began implementing his so-called “experience-unwinding” practices in his works, which have given him many new perspectives from which to view the world.(当代艺术家温凌，相对于其前辈的风格和作品，代表了全新一代的艺术家。2010年，他开始在作品中实施所谓的‘体验消解’实践，这为他提供了许多看待世界的新视角。)”可知，从第三段和第四段了解到中国艺术家开始接受西方现代艺术的趋势。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Different cultural and historical backgrounds generate paintings with varied themes, techniques, styles. But when we put those differences aside, portrait paintings offer a visual account of how artists view others as well as themselves, and how human consciousness has developed over time.(不同的文化和历史背景产生了不同的主题，技术，风格的绘画。但是，当我们把这些差异放在一边时，肖像画提供了一种视觉描述，说明艺术家如何看待他人和自己，以及人类意识是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。)”可知，本文主要讨论中国肖像绘画的特点及其随时间及文化交流的演变；B选项“The evolution of portrait painting in China.(肖像画在中国的演变)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 C Elephants are the largest land mammals on Earth, and understanding them better could lead to big scientific breakthroughs in science. Both delicate and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can grasp a single leaf but can also carry nearly 600 pounds. Scientists think that they are an incredible inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired (仿生) robots. By conducting a high- resolution motion capture analysis of elephants’ trunks, researchers found elephants have a set of simple movements that they can integrate freely to handle objects of various shapes and sizes. For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk wrapping to hold and lift things. “It’s not the whole trunk that is lengthening or shortening — it’s different parts, relying on what the elephant is doing,” said Milinkovitch, professor of the physics of biology at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers also performed CT scans and MRIs on the trunk of a dead elephant. They used high- resolution cameras to create a 3D model of a trunk, allowing them to better understand the structure of an elephant’s muscle groups, skin and connective tissues. The study data will be used to help design an innovative“ soft” robotic arm.“ The data is exceptional, but now the effort is to translate this biological data into some engineering specifications,” Milinkovitch said. “We need to extract some simplifying principles that can make the robot’s behavior simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.” The project is also fueling advancements in material science, as researchers have developed a new material similar to the useful properties of elephant skin and can be 3D printed for robotic prototypes (原型). The new materials may be commercialized for a wide range of uses. 8. What does the underlined word “sturdy” in paragraph l probably mean? A. Strong. B. Broad. C. Sensitive. D. Rough 9. How does an elephant handle different objects? A. By securing the position of these objects at first. B. By combining suction with trunk movements flexibly. C. By sucking them with all the strength. D. By stretching its trunk based on things’ sizes. 10. Why do researchers translate the biological data? A. To test the safety of the robotic arm. B. To upgrade the appearance of the robot. C. To improve the behavior of the robot. D. To study the structure of muscle tissues. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Elephant Trunks: The Theory of Movement in Robotics B. Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for Soft Robotics C. “Soft” Robotic Arms: An Innovation in 3D- printed Robots D. “Soft” Robotic Arms: A Major Breakthrough in Material Science 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了象鼻的功能及其对软体机器人设计的启发。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“elephant trunks (象鼻) can grasp a single leaf but can also carry nearly 600 pounds(象鼻既能抓住一片叶子，也能搬运近600磅的重物)”可知，象鼻既敏锐又强壮，是强壮的。因此“sturdy”在此处应理解为“强壮的”。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk wrapping to hold and lift things.(例如，大象用吸力来捡起轻的物体。然而，为了拿起较重的东西，它们使用吸力来固定物体的位置，并使用躯干包裹来固定和抬起东西)”可知，大象通过灵活结合吸力和象鼻的动作来处理不同的物体。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“We need to extract some simplifying principles that can make the robot’s behavior simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.(我们需要提取一些简化原则，使机器人的行为足够简单，能够有效地适应变化)”可知，研究人员转化生物数据是为了改进机器人的行为，使其更有效并适应变化。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists think that they are an incredible inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired (仿生) robots.(科学家们认为他们对下一代仿生机器人有着不可思议的启发)”可知，文章主要介绍了象鼻的功能及其对软体机器人设计的启发。所以短文的最佳标题为B选项“象鼻：软体机器人的灵感来源”。故选B。 D Evan Selinger, professor in RIT’s Department of Philosophy, has taken an interest in the ethics (伦理标准) of AI and the policy gaps that need to be filled in. Through a humanities viewpoint, Selinger asks the questions, “How can AI cause harm, and what can governments and companies creating AI programs do to address and manage it?” Answering them, he explained, requires an interdisciplinary (跨学科的) approach. “AI ethics go beyond technical fixes. Philosophers and other humanities experts are uniquely skilled to address the subtle principles, value conflicts. These skills aren’t just crucial for addressing current issues. We desperately need them to promote anticipatory (先行的) governance,” said Selinger. One example that illustrates how philosophy and humanities experts can help guide these new, rapidly growing technologies is Selinger’s work collaborating with a special AI project. “One of the skills I bring to the table is identifying core ethical-issues in emerging technologies that haven’t been built or used by the public. We can take preventative steps to limit risk, including changing how the technology is designed,” said Selinger. Taking these preventative steps and regularly reassessing what risks need addressing is part of the ongoing journey in pursuit of creating responsible AI. Selinger explains that there isn’t a step-by-step approach for good governance. “AI ethics have core values and principles, but there’s endless disagreement about interpreting and applying them and creating meaningful accountability mechanisms,” said Selinger. Some of Selinger’s recent research has focused on some issues with developing AI, such as the human impact that comes with testing AI chatbots before they’re released to the public. Other issues focus on policy, such as what to do about the dangers posed by facial recognition and other automated surveillance (监视) approaches. Selinger is making sure his students are informed about the ongoing industry conversations on AI ethics and responsible AI. “Students are going to be future tech leaders. Now is the time to help them think about what goals their companies should have and the costs of minimizing ethical concerns. Beyond social costs, downplaying ethics can negatively impact corporate culture and hiring,” said Selinger. 12. Selinger advocates an interdisciplinary approach because _____________. A. humanities experts possess skills essential for AI ethics B. it demonstrates the power of anticipatory governance C. AI ethics heavily depends on technological solutions D. it can avoid social conflicts and pressing issues 13. To promote responsible AI, Selinger believes we should _____________. A. adopt a systematic approach B. apply innovative technologies C. anticipate ethical risks beforehand D. establish interdisciplinary mechanisms 14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. More companies will use AI to attract top talent. B. Understanding AI ethics will help students in the future. C. Selinger favors companies that match his students’ values. D. Selinger is likely to focus on back-end issues such as policy. 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. Evan Selinger’s personal view on AI ethics and some proposals. B. The significance of establishing accountability mechanism. C. The necessity of educating the students about the AI ethics. D. The core value of AI ethics. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了RIT哲学系教授埃文·塞林格对于人工智能伦理的个人观点和一些建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““AI ethics go beyond technical fixes. Philosophers and other humanities experts are uniquely skilled to address the subtle principles, value conflicts. These skills aren’t just crucial for addressing current issues. We desperately need them to promote anticipatory (先行的) governance,” said Selinger.( “人工智能伦理超越了技术修复。哲学家和其他人文专家在解决微妙的原则、价值冲突方面有着独特的技能。这些技能不仅对解决当前问题至关重要。我们迫切需要他们来促进预见性治理。”)”可知，塞林格提倡跨学科的方法，因为人文学科专家具备人工智能伦理所必需的技能。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Taking these preventative steps and regularly reassessing what risks need addressing is part of the ongoing journey in pursuit of creating responsible AI.( 采取这些预防措施并定期重新评估需要解决的风险，是追求创造负责任的人工智能的持续旅程的一部分)”可知，为了促进负责任的人工智能，塞林格认为我们应该事先预测道德风险。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Students are going to be future tech leaders. Now is the time to help them think about what goals their companies should have and the costs of minimizing ethical concerns. Beyond social costs, downplaying ethics can negatively impact corporate culture and hiring,” said Selinger.(“学生们将成为未来的科技领袖。现在是时候帮助他们思考他们的公司应该有什么样的目标。将道德问题最小化的成本。除了社会成本之外，轻视道德还会对企业文化和招聘产生负面影响。”)”可知，从最后一段可以推断出理解人工智能伦理对学生未来有帮助。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“ Evan Selinger, professor in RIT’s Department of Philosophy, has taken an interest in the ethics (伦理标准) of AI and the policy gaps that need to be filled in. Through a humanities viewpoint, Selinger asks the questions, “How can AI cause harm, and what can governments and companies creating AI programs do to address and manage it?” Answering them, he explained, requires an interdisciplinary (跨学科的) approach.( RIT哲学系教授埃文·塞林格（Evan Selinger）对人工智能的伦理以及需要填补的政策空白很感兴趣。塞林格从人文的角度提出了这样的问题：“人工智能是如何造成伤害的？政府和开发人工智能项目的公司能做些什么来解决和管理它？”他解释说，回答这些问题需要跨学科的方法)”和下文具体提出的建议和看法，由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是埃文·塞林格对人工智能伦理的个人观点和一些建议。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Generations of children may all have shared a dream: the abolition of homework. But educators wouldn’t assign it if it didn’t serve a good purpose. Teachers give several reasons for handing out at-home assignments, including developing students’ critical thinking, assessing their skills and knowledge, and motivating them to learn. ___16___ In addition to teachers, parents often are strong proponents of homework. They believe kids need the challenge of homework to be successful and prepared for college and career. Critics of homework have their own arguments. ___17___ In elementary school, according to Kohn, no correlation has been found between homework and test scores. Moreover, a study of schools in 47 countries found that countries that assigned the least amount of homework had much higher test scores than countries with the most homework assigned. ___18___ In 1901, California banned homework for students at 14 years old and younger. The ban remained in effect until 1917. In the 1930s, the American Child Health Association branded homework as a form of child labor. While there is little agreement between proponents and critics of homework, there’s general agreement that homework shows little benefit at the grade school level. ___19___ There’s a belief that homework develops a child’s self-discipline. It teaches them good work habits, responsibility, and independence. After all, parents might say, that’s how they acquired those virtues. ___20___ A. Homework has nothing to do with test scores in primary school. B. Schools have tried to go homework-free in past generations. C. One thing we know to be true is that parents and educators will insist on assigning it, and students will complain, procrastinate, and eventually suffer through it. D. Because they believe their children can learn some virtues through homework. E. None is more effective than the fact that homework can’t be proven to be helpful. F. The most popular response was “helping students practice skills or to prepare for tests”. G. But the desire to assign homework persists. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了家庭作业的存在意义，教育者认为其有益，但批评者持反对意见，并指出小学阶段作业益处不大。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Teachers give several reasons for handing out at-home assignments, including developing students' critical thinking, assessing their skills and knowledge, and motivating them to learn.(教师给出了在家布置作业的几个原因，包括培养学生的批判性思维、评估他们的技能和知识，以及激励他们学习。)”可知，教师们给出了布置家庭作业的几个理由，本空应该补充说明除了这些理由之外，还有其他的原因。故F选项“The most popular response was “helping students practice skills or to prepare for tests”. (最受欢迎的回应是“帮助学生练习技能或为考试做准备”。)”说明了教师们最常给出的理由之一，即帮助学生练习技能或准备考试。其中“helping students practice skills or to prepare for tests”是对上文提到的“assessing their skills and knowledge”的进一步说明。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Critics of homework have their own arguments. (家庭作业的批评者有自己的论点。)”可知，本空要说跟“批评者对家庭作业的看法”有关的话题，由后文“In elementary school, according to Kohn, no correlation has been found between homework and test scores.(据科恩说，在小学阶段，家庭作业和考试成绩之间没有发现相关性。)”可知，本空应概括性地表达家庭作业批评者的主要观点，E选项“None is more effective than the fact that homework can't be proven to be helpful.(没有什么比家庭作业无法被证明是有益的这一事实更有效了。)”概括性地表达家庭作业批评者的主要观点，即家庭作业的好处无法被明确证明，符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据后文“In 1901, California banned homework for students at 14 years old and younger. The ban remained in effect until 1917. In the 1930s, the American Child Health Association branded homework as a form of child labor.(1901年，加利福尼亚州禁止14岁及以下的学生做家庭作业。该禁令一直有效到1917年。在20世纪30年代，美国儿童健康协会将家庭作业称为一种童工形式。)”可知，本空要说跟“过去对家庭作业的态度和措施”有关的话题，B选项“Schools have tried to go homework-free in past generations.(在过去几代人中，学校曾试图不布置家庭作业。)”能概括性地引出后文内容，符合题意。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“While there is little agreement between proponents and critics of homework, there’s general agreement that homework shows little benefit at the grade school level. (虽然家庭作业的支持者和批评者之间意见不一，但人们普遍认为，家庭作业在小学阶段的好处微乎其微。)”和下文“There’s a belief that homework develops a child’s self-discipline. (有一种观点认为，家庭作业可以培养孩子的自律能力。)”可知，上文提到尽管家庭作业在小学阶段的好处不大，但接下来的句子提到家庭作业被认为可以培养孩子的自律、良好的工作习惯、责任感和独立性。这里需要一个过渡句来解释为什么即使好处不大，人们仍然认为家庭作业有价值。G选项“But the desire to assign homework persists. (但布置家庭作业的愿望依然存在。)”，能很好地承接上文并引出下文，符合题意。故选G。 20题详解】 根据上文提到“There’s a belief that homework develops a child’s self-discipline. It teaches them good work habits, responsibility, and independence. After all, parents might say, that’s how they acquired those virtues. (有一种观点认为家庭作业能培养孩子的自律。它教会他们良好的工作习惯、责任感和独立性。毕竟，家长们可能会说，他们就是这样获得这些美德的。)”可知，这里提到了家庭作业的一些潜在好处，尽管这些好处在小学阶段可能不明显，但家长和教育者仍然坚持布置家庭作业。C选项“One thing we know to be true is that parents and educators will insist on assigning it, and students will complain, procrastinate, and eventually suffer through it. (有一件事我们知道是真的，那就是家长和教育工作者会坚持分配，学生会抱怨、拖延，最终受苦。)”，进一步阐述了家庭作业在实际中的情况，并总结性说明这种观念导致了家庭作业的持续存在。故选C。 第二部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what to say and I often find myself ___21___ to pronounce words. This happens at parties or meetings. I feel ___22___ — as if I were being interviewed for a job. I don't enjoy these experiences, so I routinely avoid them. People think I am a loner. Maybe I am?" Individuals experiencing this type of social ___23___ often avoid eye contact, because it makes them feel easily ___24___ and rated. They feel like others can see how uncomfortable they are. The feelings of awkwardness and not ___25___ others are often frustrating, preventing these individuals from defending themselves in social environments, though they may be ___26___ at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task, rather than ___27___. Fitting into most groups of people requires ___28___. You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and think and talk about them the way they do. Becoming a part of these groups requires that you ___29___ some of your individuality in order to accept others' ____30____, and values. Some individuals are chameleon-like (变色龙) in that they ____31____ pick up the patterns of different groups and ____32____ themselves accordingly. For them, this is automatic and they don't even have to change themselves to fit into groups. Others are aware and do this ____33____. If you are one of those people who feels ____34____ in most social group settings, it may be because your personality resists conformity: you have difficulty liking what other people like and you just resist changing the way you think in order to feel part of a group. This shouldn't be a weakness or a failure. By saying so, maybe you are feeling ____35____? 21. A. trying B. struggling C. insisting D. intending 22. A. judged B. exposed C. ignored D. considered 23. A. event B. status C. discomfort D. response 24. A. got through B. carried through C. pulled through D. seen through 25. A. consisting in B. relating to C. fitting in with D. getting across 26. A. preventive B. creative C. effective D. attractive 27. A. socialization B. contribution C. assignment D. requirement 28. A. affection B. honesty C. attention D. conformity 29. A. examine B. sacrifice C. give D. present 30. A. perspectives B. hobbies C. approaches D. promises 31. A. merely B. partly C. vaguely D. naturally 32. A. adapt B. support C. explain D. help 33. A. typically B. normally C. intentionally D. literally 34. A. exhausted B. disconnected C. detached D. removed 35. A. better-off B. resistant C. worse-off D. adaptable 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了为什么在社交场合中，即使是和朋友在一起依旧还会感到孤独。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我和一群人在一起时，我觉得每个人都知道该说什么，我经常发现自己很难发声。A. trying尝试；B. struggling挣扎；C. insisting坚持；D. intending打算。根据下文“as if I were being interviewed for a job”提到像在面试一样，由此可知，此处应表示作者经常发现自己很难发声，不知道说什么。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己受到了评判——就好像我在面试一份工作一样。A. judged评判；B. exposed暴露；C. ignored忽视；D. considered考虑。根据下文“as if I were being interviewed for a job”提到像在面试一样，由此可知，此处应表示 作者觉得自己受到了评判。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：遇到这种社交不适的人通常会避免目光接触，因为这让他们觉得很容易被看穿和评价。A. event事件；B. status地位；C. discomfort不安；D. response回应。根据上文提到的作者经常发现自己很难发声，不知道说什么，以及下文“often avoid eye contact”由此可知，此处应表示这种社交不适的人通常会避免目光接触。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：遇到这种社交不适的人通常会避免目光接触，因为这让他们觉得很容易被看穿和评价。A. got through完成，度过；B. carried through贯彻；C. pulled through渡过困境；D. seen through看穿。根据上文“Individuals experiencing this type of social ___3___ often avoid eye contact”以及下文“rated”由此可推知，此处应表示因为这让他们觉得很容易被看穿和评价。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尴尬和不适应他人的感觉常常令人沮丧，阻止这些人在社交环境中保护自己，尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社交的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。A. consisting in存在于；B. relating to与……相关；C. fitting in with适应，适合于；D. getting across使理解。根据上文“The feelings of awkwardness”以及下文“are often frustrating”由此可知，此处应表示尴尬和不适应他人的感觉常常令人沮丧。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尴尬和不适应他人的感觉常常令人沮丧，阻止这些人在社交环境中保护自己，尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社交的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。A. preventive预防的；B. creative有创造力的；C. effective有效的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据下文“holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task, rather than ___7___ .”由此可知，此处应表示他们可能在专注于任务而不是社交的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尴尬和不适应他人的感觉常常令人沮丧，阻止这些人在社交环境中保护自己，尽管他们可能在专注于任务而不是社交的环境中有效地坚持自己的观点。A. socialization社会化；B. contribution贡献；C. assignment任务；D. requirement要求。根据句意以及上文“they may be ___6___ at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task”可知，不擅长社交的人专注于自己的任务，而不是进行社交活动，因为他们在社会化的过程中会产生不适。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：要想融入大多数人群，就需要从众。A. affection喜爱；B. honesty诚实；C. attention注意；D. conformity随大流，从众。根据下文“You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and think and talk about them the way they do.”提到考虑他人感受，由此可知，此处应表示要想融入大多数人群，就需要从众。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成为这些群体的一员需要你牺牲一些个性来接受别人的观点和价值观。A. examine检查；B. sacrifice牺牲； C. give给；D. present呈现。根据上文“Becoming a part of these groups”以及下文“some of your individuality”由此可知，此处应表示成为这些群体的一员需要你牺牲一些个性来接受别人的观点和价值观。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成为这些群体的一员需要你牺牲一些个性来接受别人的观点和价值观。A. perspectives观点；B. hobbies爱好；C. approaches方法；D. promises承诺。根据句意以及下文“and values”由此可知，此处应表示成为这些群体的一员需要你牺牲一些个性来接受别人的观点和价值观。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有些个体就像变色龙一样，他们自然地学习不同群体的模式，并相应地适应自己。A. merely仅仅；B. partly部分地；C. vaguely模糊地；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“Some individuals are chameleon-like in”以及下文“pick up the patterns of different groups”由此可知，此处应表示有些个体就像变色龙一样，他们自然地学习不同群体的模式。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些个体就像变色龙一样，他们自然地学习不同群体的模式，并相应地适应自己。A. adapt适应；B. support支持；C. explain解释；D. help帮助。根据上文提到的有些个体就像变色龙一样，他们自然地学习不同群体的模式，由此可知，此处应表示他们相应地适应自己。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：其他人是有意识的，并且是有意这样做的。A. typically典型地；B. normally正式地；C. intentionally有意地；D. literally确实地。根据上文提到的一些人自然地学习不同群体的模式，并相应地适应自己，以及上文“Others are aware”由此可知，此处应表示其他人是有意识的，并且是有意这样做的。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你是那些在大多数社会群体中感到孤立的人之一，那可能是因为你的个性抗拒从众。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. disconnected孤立的；C. detached不带感情的，客观的；D. removed被移除的。根据下文“it may be because your personality resists conformity”提到你的个性抗拒从众，由此可知，此处应表示在社交场合中你是那些在大多数社会群体中感到孤立的人。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么说，也许你感觉更好了？A. better-off情况好转的；B. resistant抵制的；C. worse-off情况更坏的。D. adaptable能适应的。根据上文“This shouldn't be a weakness or a failure.”提到的这不应该是一个弱点或失败。由此可知，此处应表示这么说，也许你感觉好点了。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, a “90s” blogger named Chen Lirong from Maoming, Guangdong, has become an internet sensation. _____36_____she only has a junior high school education, she has dedicated herself to self-studying English for four years while also _____37_____（handle）her work in the field. Her passion and persistent determination have inspired _____38_____（count）netizens through her videos on the Douyin platform, _____39_____she shares her insights on English learning. Chen's unique approach to language learning _____40_____（capture）audiences. Not only does she impart（传授）valuable tips and strategies, _____41_____she also incorporates her local dialect, creating a blend of “Cantonese-style English. ” This unique blend serves as a bridge between her culture and _____42_____global language of English. Furthermore, Chen has leveraged her platform to promote _____43_____（agriculture）products from her hometown of Maoming. Chen's story is a testament to the power of _____44_____（persevere）and self-initiative. Her dedication to learning, regardless of her humble beginnings, has not only transformed her life but has also inspired countless others ______45______（pursue）their passions and dreams. 【答案】36. Although 37. handling 38. countless 39. where 40. has captured 41. but 42. the 43. agricultural 44. perseverance 45. to pursue 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了来自广东茂名的“90后”博主陈丽容成为网络红人。虽然她只有初中学历，但她已经自学了四年英语，同时也处理了她的田地工作。她的热情和坚持不懈的决心通过抖音平台上的视频激励了无数网友，她在视频中分享了自己对英语学习的见解。 【36题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然她只有初中学历，但她已经自学了四年英语，同时也处理了她的田地工作。分析句子可知，此处为连词Although表示“虽然，尽管”引导的让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故填Although。 【37题详解】 考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：虽然她只有初中学历，但她已经自学了四年英语，同时也处理了她的田地工作。分析句子可知，此处为连词while引导时间状语从句的省略用法，当主从句主语一致时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，此处为省略主语she和be动词was，handle和主语she为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填handling。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她的热情和坚持不懈的决心通过抖音平台上的视频激励了无数网友，她在视频中分享了自己对英语学习的见解。由空后netizens为名词可知，此处为形容词countless“无数的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填countless。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：她热情和坚持不懈的决心通过抖音平台上的视频激励了无数网友，她在视频中分享了自己对英语学习的见解。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the Douyin platform在从句中作地点状语成分。故填where。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：陈独特的语言学习方法吸引了观众。描述过去对现在造成的影响，时态用现在完成时，主语为approach，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has captured。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：她不仅传授有价值的技巧和策略，而且还融入了当地的方言，创造了一种“广东式英语”。该句为not only…but (also)…“不但……而且……”的固定句型，所以此处为连词but的填入。故填 but。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这种独特的融合在她的文化和全球语言英语之间架起了一座桥梁。根据句意以及空后global language of English为名词可知，此处为特指“全球语言”。故填 the。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此外，陈还利用自己的平台推广家乡茂名的农产品。由空后products为名词可知，此处为形容词agricultural“农业的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填agricultural。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：陈的故事证明了毅力和自我主动性的力量。由and连接的self-initiative为名词可知，此处也应为名词形式作宾语，构成并列结构。同时，和of前的名词形成所属关系。故填perseverance。 【45题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：尽管她出身卑微，但她对学习的执着不仅改变了她的生活，也激励了无数人去追求自己的激情和梦想。此处为固定短语inspire sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填 to pursue。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，高中毕业在即，外教老师Mr. Larson在高中三年为你们英语学习做出了很大的贡献。请你代表班级给他写一封邮件表达感谢，内容包括： 1. 感谢在英语学习方面的帮助；2. 表达良好的祝愿； 注意: 写作词数为 80 左右 Dear Mr. Larson, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Larson, As our high school life draws to a close, I am writing on behalf of our class to express our heartfelt gratitude for your immense contribution to our English learning over the past three years. Your patience, dedication, and innovative teaching methods have significantly enhanced our language skills and fostered a love for the subject. We wish you all the best in your future endeavors and hope to stay in touch. Thank you once again for being an incredible teacher and mentor. Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教老师Mr. Larson写封邮件，感谢其在英语学习方面对你们班的帮助，表达良好的祝愿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 诚挚的：heartfelt→sincere 感激：gratitude→thankfulness 培养：foster→cultivate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We wish you all the best in your future endeavors and hope to stay in touch. 拓展句：We hope that we can stay in touch with you and wish you all the best in your future endeavors. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As our high school life draws to a close, I am writing on behalf of our class to express our heartfelt gratitude for your immense contribution to our English learning over the past three years. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Thank you once again for being an incredible teacher and mentor (运用了动名词作宾语) 第二节（满分 25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In April last year, sitting in the back of the car, my two daughters, Nia, 10 and Robyn, 8, chatted away about the latest electronic devices. “Mum, can I get a new phone for my birthday?” Nia asked. “No, love,” I replied. “Can we go to a theme park this year?” Robyn asked. “That’s very expensive,” I said. Disappointment entered our car like a dark cloud, putting an end to the chat. Arriving home, I switched on my laptop, went through pictures taken in Uganda (乌干达). A few months before, I’d been there, working with local schools. As an officer for Teams4u, a charity that provides resources to people in need, I’d seen what life was like there. I went there twice a year and loved it. “You must bring your family next time,” one of the local teachers had said to me. My girls had never been out to Africa with me before, but were always wide-eyed as I told my adventures. Life in Uganda was very different from what we were used to. Children there had little to eat for lunch. There were no proper desks and chairs in the classroom. I’d been out there to help, but there was still a lot of work to do in some remote schools. During dinner, Nia asked me, “Mum, can we dine out?” “Homemade food is boring,” Robyn complained. I didn’t say a word. That night in bed, I thought about the invitation from the teacher in Uganda. By the following morning, I’d made my decision. “Girls, we’re going to Uganda! For Two weeks!” I announced. Nia and Robyn were surprised at first but soon became excited! Uganda wasn’t a theme park, but it was an adventure anyway. So, a few weeks later, in May last year, we landed in the capital city of Kampala. That night, we all slept under mosquito nets (蚊帐) in the blazing (燃烧的) heat --- we were worlds away from home. 注意： 1. 续写的词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 The next morning, we headed out to a remote school with resources. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Upon returning to the UK, the change in Nia and Robyn was evident. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next morning, we headed out to a remote school with resources. When we arrived, the children welcomed us with big smiles. Nia and Robyn were shocked to see the simple classrooms and the lack of basic facilities. They quickly got involved, helping to distribute the resources and playing with the children. During the two weeks, they learned to appreciate what they had and realized the importance of helping others. Upon returning to the UK, the change in Nia and Robyn was evident. They no longer complained about trivial things and became more grateful for their lives. They also started to save money to support the charity. I was proud to see their growth and the positive impact the trip had on them. It was a journey that they would never forget. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要描写作者的两个女儿10岁的妮娅和8岁的罗宾想要去主题公园玩，作者却觉得去那里太贵了。她想到曾经去过乌干达，因此就领着两个女儿去了那里。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，我们前往一所拥有资源的偏远学校。”可知，第一段可描写两个孩子在学校的所见所闻和所感。 ②由第二段首句内容“回到英国后，妮娅和罗宾的变化很明显。”可知，第二段可描写两个孩子的具体变化。 2.续写线索：到达——震惊——帮助——回家——变化——感想 3.词汇激活 行类 ①到达：arrive/get ②分发：distribute/give out 情绪类 ①震惊的：shocked/surprised ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】【高分句型1】When we arrived, the children welcomed us with big smiles.（由When引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】During the two weeks, they learned to appreciate what they had and realized the importance of helping others.（由what引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型3】I was proud to see their growth and the positive impact the trip had on them.（由省略连词that引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 赤峰二中2022级高三上学期第二次月考 英语试卷 （考试时间: 120分钟 试卷满分: 150分） 第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项、听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15 答案是C. 1. What is the man asking about? A. Ticket price. B. Show duration. C. Seat availability. 2. How does Linda feel toward Tom's proposal? A. Grateful. B. Guilty. C. Worried. 3. What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Revise a play. B. Watch a drama. C. Shoot a performance. 4 What is Jane doing? A. Writing a financial report. B. Booking a meeting room. C. Printing a needed material. 5. Why will Sarah miss the group presentation? A. She got her part covered. B. Her flight is delayed. C. She didn't plan for it. 第二节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 22.5 分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟: 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答6、7题, 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a bookstore. B. At a library. C. At a writing class. 7. Why does the man refuse to get a half-priced book? A. The price is unacceptable. B. No other book appeals to him. C. He plans to borrow one elsewhere. 听第7段对话, 回答第8至10题。 8. What are. young passionate architects advised to do? A. Wait for the right choice. B. Seek professionals' assistance. C. Devote themselves to the career. 9. What is the woman's advice to those uninterested in architecture? A. Stick to the path. B. Develop their creativity. C. Explore a new field. 10. Who is the man? A. A young architect. B. A show host. C. A career consultant. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. What is Tina trying to do? A. Find an excuse. B. Make a negotiation. C. Extend an apology. 12. Why does Tina want to decline Kelly's party invitation? A. She has another engagement. B. She is preparing for a test. C. She hates loud music. 13. What policy does Ben follow? A. Seize the day. B. Be straightforward. C. Always attend. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman doing? A. She is slicing meat. B. She is rating the service. C. She is trying Beijing hot pot. 15. How should the woman cook the meat? A. By holding it. with chopsticks. B. By boiling it with some Majiang. C. By cooking it fully for eight minutes. 16. Which aspect of Beijing hot pot impresses the woman most? A. The soup. B. The pot. C. The flavor. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Customer and waiter. B. Husband and wife. C. Tourist and guide. 听第 10 段材料, 回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. How many stories will be read today? A. 3. B. 4. C.5. 19. What else will the audience get from the channel? A. Local news. B. Free subscription. C. Travel information. 20. What do we know about the British teenager? A. He went abroad alone. B. He experimented in Southwest China. C. He changed the mind of many villagers. 第二部分: 阅读理解（共两节, 满分.50分） 第一节（共15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的. A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Are you a bit bored with your nine to-five routine? Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure you’d like. Activity holidays Our activity holidays: are for everyone, people who love danger — or who just like sports. We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. If you prefer snow, you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps or even igloo-building. For those who like warmer weather, we also have sandboarding or camel safaris. Polar expeditions Take a cruise to Antarctica; explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife. Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the penguins in Antarctica or whales and polar bears in the Arctic. There’s no greater adventure than travelling to the ends of the earth. A once-in-a-lifetime experience! Cultural journeys Our cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilisations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins-just remember to bring your camera! Get to know local ways of life by exploring markets, trying exotic foods and meeting local people. Trekking tours We have trekking holidays to famous places such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek. You don’t need to be very sporty, just fairly fit. You’ll have a great time enjoying nature with a group of new friends. Some of the holidays include camping, but we’ll transport the tents for you! 1. What will people do at Polar expeditions? A. Snowboard in the Alps. B. Explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife. C. Watch penguins in Arctic. D. Learn about local people. 2. Which adventure will attract a history researcher most? A. Activity holidays. B. Polar expeditions. C. Cultural journeys. D. Trekking tours. 3. What is required for people who choose Trekking tours? A. Go together with their friends. B. Be expert at sports. C. Be in good shape. D. Prepare tents in advance. B The Tsinghua University Art Museum in Beijing houses a rich collection of old artworks, including some Qing Dynasty portraits. Among them, the portrait of Su Wu, a Chinese diplomat in the Western Han Dynasty some 2,100 years ago, shows a unique way of using lines by the artist Ren Bonian. “When you look at the lines on his robe, it's like painting a rock. They are very hard and straight, well-defined lines,” explained art curator and columnist Wang Jia. Chinese portraits focus on presenting the inner spirit of their subjects rather than aiming for a realistic depiction like their western counterparts. Artists work with lines and space to make the form show the subject’s personality, The production process of Chinese portraits also varied in contrast to those made in the West. In the history of Chinese art, scholarly painters were often quite shy when it came to recording images of themselves. They preferred to use calligraphy and landscape painting to express their thoughts and aspirations. As China ushered in the 20th century, trends in modern Western art inspired many Chinese masters, and this was often reflected in their self-portraits. Wen Ling, a contemporary artist, represents an entirely new generation of artists compared to the Style and works of his predecessors (前辈). In 2010, he began implementing his so-called “experience-unwinding” practices in his works, which have given him many new perspectives from which to view the world. Different cultural and historical backgrounds generate paintings with varied themes, techniques, styles. But when we put those differences aside, portrait paintings offer a visual account of how artists view others as well as themselves, and how human consciousness has developed over time. 4. What may be one of the characters of Su Wu? A. Carefree. B. Difficult. C. Resolved. D. Cold-hearted. 5. What may be the difference between Chinese and Western portrait artists? A. Chinese artists highlight the internal world of their subjects, while Western artists aim for external description. B. Chinese artists prioritize realistic likeness, while Western artists focus on inner spirit. C. Both Chinese and Western artists equally prioritize realism and inner spirit. D. Chinese artists only paint landscapes, while Western artists focus solely on portraits. 6. What can we learn from Para. 3 and Para. 4? A. Chinese artists began to combine traditional techniques with Western influences. B. Chinese artists started to embrace modern Western art tendency. C. Chinese artists stopped painting self-portraits altogether and focused on calligraphy. D. Chinese artists became more focused on light and shade. 7. What can be the best title of this text? A. Differences between Chinese and Western artists. B. The evolution of portrait painting in China. C. A focus on creating realistic depictions of historical figures. D. Unraveling the mysteries of Chinese and Western portrait paintings. C Elephants are the largest land mammals on Earth and understanding them better could lead to big scientific breakthroughs in science. Both delicate and sturdy, elephant trunks (象鼻) can grasp a single leaf but can also carry nearly 600 pounds. Scientists think that they are an incredible inspiration for the next generation of bio-inspired (仿生) robots. By conducting a high- resolution motion capture analysis of elephants’ trunks, researchers found elephants have a set of simple movements that they can integrate freely to handle objects of various shapes and sizes. For example, elephants use suction (吸力) to pick up lightweight objects. However, to pick up heavier things, they use suction to secure the position of the objects and trunk wrapping to hold and lift things. “It’s not the whole trunk that is lengthening or shortening — it’s different parts, relying on what the elephant is doing,” said Milinkovitch, professor of the physics of biology at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers also performed CT scans and MRIs on the trunk of a dead elephant. They used high- resolution cameras to create a 3D model of a trunk, allowing them to better understand the structure of an elephant’s muscle groups, skin and connective tissues. The study data will be used to help design an innovative“ soft” robotic arm.“ The data is exceptional, but now the effort is to translate this biological data into some engineering specifications,” Milinkovitch said. “We need to extract some simplifying principles that can make the robot’s behavior simple enough to be effective and adaptable to changes.” The project is also fueling advancements in material science, as researchers have developed a new material similar to the useful properties of elephant skin and can be 3D printed for robotic prototypes (原型). The new materials may be commercialized for a wide range of uses. 8. What does the underlined word “sturdy” in paragraph l probably mean? A. Strong. B. Broad. C. Sensitive. D. Rough 9. How does an elephant handle different objects? A. By securing the position of these objects at first. B. By combining suction with trunk movements flexibly. C. By sucking them with all the strength. D. By stretching its trunk based on things’ sizes. 10. Why do researchers translate the biological data? A. To test the safety of the robotic arm. B. To upgrade the appearance of the robot. C. To improve the behavior of the robot. D. To study the structure of muscle tissues. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Elephant Trunks: The Theory of Movement in Robotics B. Elephant Trunks: The Inspiration for Soft Robotics C. “Soft” Robotic Arms: An Innovation in 3D- printed Robots D. “Soft” Robotic Arms: A Major Breakthrough in Material Science D Evan Selinger, professor in RIT’s Department of Philosophy, has taken an interest in the ethics (伦理标准) of AI and the policy gaps that need to be filled in. Through a humanities viewpoint, Selinger asks the questions, “How can AI cause harm, and what can governments and companies creating AI programs do to address and manage it?” Answering them, he explained, requires an interdisciplinary (跨学科的) approach. “AI ethics go beyond technical fixes. Philosophers and other humanities experts are uniquely skilled to address the subtle principles, value conflicts. These skills aren’t just crucial for addressing current issues. We desperately need them to promote anticipatory (先行的) governance,” said Selinger. One example that illustrates how philosophy and humanities experts can help guide these new, rapidly growing technologies is Selinger’s work collaborating with a special AI project. “One of the skills I bring to the table is identifying core ethical-issues in emerging technologies that haven’t been built or used by the public. We can take preventative steps to limit risk, including changing how the technology is designed,” said Selinger. Taking these preventative steps and regularly reassessing what risks need addressing is part of the ongoing journey in pursuit of creating responsible AI. Selinger explains that there isn’t a step-by-step approach for good governance. “AI ethics have core values and principles, but there’s endless disagreement about interpreting and applying them and creating meaningful accountability mechanisms,” said Selinger. Some of Selinger’s recent research has focused on some issues with developing AI, such as the human impact that comes with testing AI chatbots before they’re released to the public. Other issues focus on policy, such as what to do about the dangers posed by facial recognition and other automated surveillance (监视) approaches. Selinger is making sure his students are informed about the ongoing industry conversations on AI ethics and responsible AI. “Students are going to be future tech leaders. Now is the time to help them think about what goals their companies should have and the costs of minimizing ethical concerns. Beyond social costs, downplaying ethics can negatively impact corporate culture and hiring,” said Selinger. 12. Selinger advocates an interdisciplinary approach because _____________. A. humanities experts possess skills essential for AI ethics B. it demonstrates the power of anticipatory governance C. AI ethics heavily depends on technological solutions D. it can avoid social conflicts and pressing issues 13. To promote responsible AI, Selinger believes we should _____________. A. adopt a systematic approach B. apply innovative technologies C. anticipate ethical risks beforehand D. establish interdisciplinary mechanisms 14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. More companies will use AI to attract top talent. B. Understanding AI ethics will help students in the future. C. Selinger favors companies that match his students’ values. D. Selinger is likely to focus on back-end issues such as policy. 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. Evan Selinger’s personal view on AI ethics and some proposals. B. The significance of establishing accountability mechanism. C. The necessity of educating the students about the AI ethics. D. The core value of AI ethics. 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Generations of children may all have shared a dream: the abolition of homework. But educators wouldn’t assign it if it didn’t serve a good purpose. Teachers give several reasons for handing out at-home assignments, including developing students’ critical thinking, assessing their skills and knowledge, and motivating them to learn. ___16___ In addition to teachers, parents often are strong proponents of homework. They believe kids need the challenge of homework to be successful and prepared for college and career. Critics of homework have their own arguments. ___17___ In elementary school, according to Kohn, no correlation has been found between homework and test scores. Moreover, a study of schools in 47 countries found that countries that assigned the least amount of homework had much higher test scores than countries with the most homework assigned. ___18___ In 1901, California banned homework for students at 14 years old and younger. The ban remained in effect until 1917. In the 1930s, the American Child Health Association branded homework as a form of child labor. While there is little agreement between proponents and critics of homework, there’s general agreement that homework shows little benefit at the grade school level. ___19___ There’s a belief that homework develops a child’s self-discipline. It teaches them good work habits, responsibility, and independence. After all, parents might say, that’s how they acquired those virtues. ___20___ A. Homework has nothing to do with test scores in primary school. B. Schools have tried to go homework-free in past generations. C. One thing we know to be true is that parents and educators will insist on assigning it, and students will complain, procrastinate, and eventually suffer through it. D. Because they believe their children can learn some virtues through homework. E. None is more effective than the fact that homework can’t be proven to be helpful. F. The most popular response was “helping students practice skills or to prepare for tests”. G. But the desire to assign homework persists. 第二部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what to say and I often find myself ___21___ to pronounce words. This happens at parties or meetings. I feel ___22___ — as if I were being interviewed for a job. I don't enjoy these experiences, so I routinely avoid them. People think I am a loner. Maybe I am?" Individuals experiencing this type of social ___23___ often avoid eye contact because it makes them feel easily ___24___ and rated. They feel like others can see how uncomfortable they are. The feelings of awkwardness and not ___25___ others are often frustrating, preventing these individuals from defending themselves in social environments, though they may be ___26___ at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task, rather than ___27___. Fitting into most groups of people requires ___28___. You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and think and talk about them the way they do. Becoming a part of these groups requires that you ___29___ some of your individuality in order to accept others' ____30____, and values. Some individuals are chameleon-like (变色龙) in that they ____31____ pick up the patterns of different groups and ____32____ themselves accordingly. For them this is automatic and they don't even have to change themselves to fit into groups. Others are aware and do this ____33____. If you are one of those people who feels ____34____ in most social group settings, it may be because your personality resists conformity: you have difficulty liking what other people like and you just resist changing the way you think in order to feel part of a group. This shouldn't be a weakness or a failure. By saying so, maybe you are feeling ____35____? 21. A. trying B. struggling C. insisting D. intending 22. A. judged B. exposed C. ignored D. considered 23. A. event B. status C. discomfort D. response 24. A. got through B. carried through C. pulled through D. seen through 25. A. consisting in B. relating to C. fitting in with D. getting across 26. A. preventive B. creative C. effective D. attractive 27. A. socialization B. contribution C. assignment D. requirement 28. A. affection B. honesty C. attention D. conformity 29. A. examine B. sacrifice C. give D. present 30. A. perspectives B. hobbies C. approaches D. promises 31. A. merely B. partly C. vaguely D. naturally 32. A. adapt B. support C. explain D. help 33. A. typically B. normally C. intentionally D. literally 34. A. exhausted B. disconnected C. detached D. removed 35. A. better-off B. resistant C. worse-off D. adaptable 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently a “90s” blogger named Chen Lirong from Maoming, Guangdong, has become an internet sensation. _____36_____she only has a junior high school education, she has dedicated herself to self-studying English for four years while also _____37_____（handle）her work in the field. Her passion and persistent determination have inspired _____38_____（count）netizens through her videos on the Douyin platform, _____39_____she shares her insights on English learning. Chen's unique approach to language learning _____40_____（capture）audiences. Not only does she impart（传授）valuable tips and strategies, _____41_____she also incorporates her local dialect, creating a blend of “Cantonese-style English. ” This unique blend serves as a bridge between her culture and _____42_____global language of English. Furthermore, Chen has leveraged her platform to promote _____43_____（agriculture）products from her hometown of Maoming. Chen's story is a testament to the power of _____44_____（persevere）and self-initiative. Her dedication to learning, regardless of her humble beginnings, has not only transformed her life but has also inspired countless others ______45______（pursue）their passions and dreams. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，高中毕业在即，外教老师Mr. Larson在高中三年为你们英语学习做出了很大的贡献。请你代表班级给他写一封邮件表达感谢，内容包括： 1. 感谢在英语学习方面的帮助；2. 表达良好的祝愿； 注意: 写作词数为 80 左右 Dear Mr. Larson, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分 25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In April last year, sitting in the back of the car, my two daughters, Nia, 10 and Robyn, 8, chatted away about the latest electronic devices. “Mum, can I get a new phone for my birthday?” Nia asked. “No, love,” I replied. “Can we go to a theme park this year?” Robyn asked. “That’s very expensive,” I said. Disappointment entered our car like a dark cloud, putting an end to the chat. Arriving home, I switched on my laptop, went through pictures taken in Uganda (乌干达). A few months before, I’d been there, working with local schools. As an officer for Teams4u, a charity that provides resources to people in need, I’d seen what life was like there. I went there twice a year and loved it. “You must bring your family next time,” one of the local teachers had said to me. My girls had never been out to Africa with me before, but were always wide-eyed as I told my adventures. Life in Uganda was very different from what we were used to. Children there had little to eat for lunch. There were no proper desks and chairs in the classroom. I’d been out there to help, but there was still a lot of work to do in some remote schools. During dinner, Nia asked me, “Mum, can we dine out?” “Homemade food is boring,” Robyn complained. I didn’t say a word. That night in bed, I thought about the invitation from the teacher in Uganda. By the following morning, I’d made my decision. “Girls, we’re going to Uganda! For Two weeks!” I announced. Nia and Robyn were surprised at first but soon became excited! Uganda wasn’t a theme park, but it was an adventure anyway. So, a few weeks later, in May last year, we landed in the capital city of Kampala. That night, we all slept under mosquito nets (蚊帐) in the blazing (燃烧的) heat --- we were worlds away from home. 注意： 1. 续写的词数应为150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 The next morning, we headed out to a remote school with resources. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Upon returning to the UK, the change in Nia and Robyn was evident. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $