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第六章 英语作文写作素材积累
一、词汇篇
(一)连接词及过渡词
1.常用于列举的过渡词和句型
过渡词 释义 过渡词和句型 释义
to begin with 首先,起初 first second then
首先……其次……
然后……
at first 首先 firstly,secondly lastly / finally
第一,第二……
最后
at last 终于;最后 in the first (second, ) place 首先(其次……)
first of all 首先 The first thing to be considered is
首先要考虑
的事是
The first thing we have to consider is
首先要考虑
的事是
如:At last,we won the football game.
最后,我们赢得了足球比赛。
2.常用于例证的过渡词和句型
过渡词和句型 释义 过渡词和句型 释义
specially 特意地 for example 例如(举一个事例)
for instance 例如 take for example 以……为例
such as
例如(举两个或两
个以上的事例)
another example 另一个例子
as we all know 众所周知 to illustrate 说明
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and so on 等等 in other words 换句话说
as proof 作为证明 as follows 如下所述
can serve
as an example
……可以作为
一个例子
on the one hand
on the other hand
一方面……
另一方面……
as an
illustration
作为例证
for one thing
for another thing
一方面……
另一方面……
The most striking
instance of this
occurred when
最引人注目的
例子发生在……
If any further
examples were needed,
I could mention
如果还需要任
何进一步的例子,
我可以提一下……
如:On the one hand,I can earn some money by doing it to help my parents.On the
other hand,I can gain some experience from it,which will do good to my future.
一方面,我能通过做这样的事赚些钱来帮助父母;另一方面,我能从中获得一
些经验,这会对我的将来有益。
3.常用于因果的过渡词和句型
过渡词 释义 过渡词和句型 释义
since 因为;既然 as 因为
for 因为,由于 because (of) 因为
thus 因此 due to 由于
so 因此 for the reason that 原因是……
therefore 因此 so that 因此
consequently 因此 owing to 由于
accordingly 因此 thanks to 由于
cause 导致 the cause for is ……的原因是……
so as to 为了…… that’s because 那是因为
affect 影响 as a result of 由于
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result in 导致;造成 result from 由……引起
give rise to 导致;造成 lead to 导致
produce 引起 attribute to 归因于……
account for 导致
one result (effect)
of is
……的一个原因
(效果)是……
for this reason /
purpose
为此
one reason is that
another reason is that
一个原因是……
另一个原因是……
如:That’s because he was ill.
那是因为他病了。
4.常用于比较与对比、转折的过渡词和句型
(1)表示相同的词有:
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
like 像 alike 相似的(地)
likewise 同样地 similarly 类似地
both 两个都…… neither nor 既不……也不……
so is B B 也是如此 (exactly) the same as (完全)与……一样
in the same way 同样地 in the same manner 同样地
如:This job can be done equally well by a computer.
这个工作用计算机同样可以做得很好。
(2)表示不同的词句有:
过渡词和句型 释义 过渡词和句型 释义
however 然而 but 但是
whereas 然而 while 然而
contrast to 与……相比 conversely 反之,反过来
instead 反而 instead of 而不是
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on the contrary 相反 on the other hand 另一方面
unlike A 不像 A not as as
不像……
那样……
by contrast 相比之下 be different from 与……不同
rather than 而不是 nevertheless 然而
with regard to ,
A is than B
就……而言,
A 比 B 更……
A and B are
dissimilar in
A 和 B 在……
方面是不同的
The main
difference between
A and B is that
A 和 B 之间的主
要区别是……
The another difference
between A and B is that
A 和 B 之间的另
一个区别是……
如:However,when it is something beyond my competence,I turn to my classmates
or teachers for help.
然而,当我做不了某事时,我会求助于我的同学或老师。
5.常用于时间和顺序的过渡词
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
before 在……之前 after 在……之后
now 现在 nowadays 现今
since 自从 then 然后
later 以后;后来 soon 很快
next 紧接着,其次的 first / firstly 第一
second / secondly 第二;其次 third / thirdly 第三
finally 最后 eventually 最后
at first 首先 first of all 首先
at last 最后 last but not least 最后但同样重要的是
in the end 最后 at weekends 在周末
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immediately 立即 on the weekend 在周末
recently 最近 meanwhile 同时
during 在……期间 after that 然后
as soon as 一……就…… at the same time 同时
in the meantime 同时 during these three years 在这三年期间
from now on 从现在开始 in recent years 近年来
to begin with 首先 in the first place 首先
first and foremost 首要的;第一
如:First / Firstly,we’ d better form the habit of keeping a diary.Second / Secondly,
we should read as many books as possible and make notes.Third / Thirdly,we can copy a
famous saying on the notebook every day.
第一,我们最好养成写日记的习惯。 第二,我们应该尽可能多读书并做笔记。
第三,我们可以每天在笔记本上抄写一句名言。
6.常用于表示空间位置的过渡词
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
beside 在……旁边 before 在……之前
behind 在……后面 between 在……中间
below 在……下面 above / on 在……上面
in 在……里面 near 在……附近
next to 紧邻 on the right 在右边
on the left 在左边 in front of
在……前面
(在外部的前面)
far from 远离 in the front of
在……前面
(在内部的前面)
at the foot of 在……的底部 at the top of 在……的顶部
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at the end of 在……的末端 in the centre of 在……的中心
in the middle of 在……的中间
on one side of on
the other side of
在……的一边
在……的另一边
如:There is a tree in front of the classroom.
教室前面有一棵树。
7.常用于表示递进、并列、强调或解释的过渡词
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
and 和;那么 also / too 也
besides 此外 obviously 明显地
still 仍然 furthermore 此外
surely 无疑;确实 additionally 此外
certainly 无疑;当然 especially 特别
clearly 显然地 undoubtedly 无疑
moreover 此外 anyway 不管怎样
after all 毕竟 in any case 不管怎样
of course 当然 in fact 事实上
in addition 此外 in other words 换句话说
what’s more 此外 above all 最重要的是;尤其是
what’s worse 更糟糕的是 as a matter of fact 事实上
as well as 和 that’s to say 也就是说
either or 或者……或者…… not only but also 不仅……而且……
both and 两者都 neither nor 两者都不
如:That is to say,you should believe in yourself if you want to succeed.
也就是说,如果你想成功,你就应该相信自己。
Swimming not only benefits our health but also helps us have a strong will.
游泳不仅有益于我们的健康,而且有助于我们拥有坚强的意志。
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8.常用于表示总结或概括的过渡词
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
finally 最后;终于 thus 因此
so 因此 hence 因此
therefore 因此 consequently 因此
as a result 结果是 as a consequence 因此
in brief 总之;简言之 in short 总之;简言之
in a word 总之 on the whole 总之
in general 通常;总之 in the end 最后;结果
all in all 总之 to sum up 总之
in summary 总之 in conclusion 最后
如:All in all,traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the
new challenges.
总的来说,旅游是给自己充电、准备迎接新的挑战的最好的方式。
9.常用于表示可能的过渡词
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
perhaps / maybe 可能 probably 可能
如:Perhaps I should take your advice.
也许我应该接受你的建议。
10.常用于表示让步的过渡词
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
although 尽管 after all 毕竟
though 尽管 even if 即使
despite 尽管 even though 即使
in spite of 尽管
如:After all,15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
毕竟,锻炼 15 分钟比不锻炼好。
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11.常用于表示其他的过渡词
过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义 过渡词 释义
mostly 大部分;通常 occasionally 偶尔 to a large extent 在很大程度上
naturally 自然地;合理地 exactly 准确地 in this case 既然这样
frankly 坦白说 currently 目前 in many cases 在大多数情况下
mainly 主要地 commonly
通常地;
一般地
for most of us
对我们大多
数人来说
如:To a large extent,the success is due to hard work not luck.
在很大程度上,成功是由于努力,而不是运气。
(二)词汇的多样表达
释义 普通表达 多样表达
应该 should ought to,be supposed to
不 not by no means,in no way,in no case,never
首先 first to start with,to begin with,in the first place
此外 besides in addition,apart from,what’s more
最后 finally in conclusion,at last,in the end,last but not least
擅长 be good at have a good command of,have a good grasp of
重要的 important
be of great importance,play a key role in,significant,
essential,vital
帮助 help help sb. out,give sb. a hand,do sb. a favor
求助 help ask sb. for help,turn to sb. for help,seek help
打算 plan intend to do,mean to do
例如 for example for instance,take sb. / sth. for example
因此 so as a result,as a consequence,therefore,hence,thus
因为 because due to,owing to,on account of
认为 think consider,in my opinion / view,as far as I’m concerned
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解决 solve resolve,settle,deal with,cope with,work out
努力,尝试 try spare no effort to do;make every effort to do
使用 use take advantage of,make good / full use of
喜欢 like be fond of,be keen on,be crazy about
关于 about as for,with respect to,in terms of,concerning
但是 but
by contrast (相比之下),on the contrary,
conversely (反之,反过来)
关注 attention pay attention to sb. / sth. / doing sth.
能够 can
be able to do,have the ability to do,be capable of doing,
enable sb. to do sth.
好的 good
be beneficial to / for sb. / sth.,be of great benefit to sb. / sth.,
do good to sb. / sth.,have a positive effect on
坏的 bad be harmful to sb. / sth.,do harm to sb. / sth.
谢谢 thank be grateful / thankful to sb.,appreciate sb.
决定 decide
decide to do,make a resolution to do,
make up one’s mind to do
记住 remember bear in mind,keep sth.in mind,learn by heart
事实上 actually as a matter of fact,in fact
和 and as well as,not only but also ,both and
充满 full be full of,be filled with
期待 hope look forward to doing,expect to do
感兴趣 interest be interested in sth.,take / have / show interest in sth.
实现 realize realize / achieve one’s dream,make one’s dream come true
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(三)固定搭配
Ⅰ.动词的不同搭配
stop
stop doing sth.停止正在做的事
stop to do sth.停下来去做别的事
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
help
help sb. ( to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ïï
try
try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.尽力做某事
try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ïï
waste
waste time doing sth.浪费时间做某事
waste money doing sth.浪费钱做某事
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
go
go swimming 游泳 go fishing 钓鱼 go shopping 购物
go skating 滑冰 go boating 划船
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
spend
spend time / money ( in) doing sth.花费时间 / 金钱做某事
spend time / money on sth.花费时间 / 金钱在某事上
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
让某人做某事
let sb. do sth.
make sb. do sth.
have sb. do sth.
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ïï
阻止某人做某事
stop sb. from doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
prevent sb. from doing sth.
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ïï
为……作贡献
make a contribution to
make contributions to
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
做某事怎么样
how about doing sth.
what about doing sth.
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
给某人某物
give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.
offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
Ⅱ.动词的常用搭配
1.advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
2.write to sb. 给某人写信
3.share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物
4.learn from sb.向某人学习
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5.be interested in 对……感兴趣
6.be good at 擅长做……
7.be ready to help others 准备帮助别人
8.promise to do sth.保证做某事
9.decide to do sth.决定做某事
10.had better (not) do sth.最好(不)做某事
11.have (no) time to do sth.有(没有)时间去做某事
12.tell / ask / encourage / invite sb. to do sth.告诉 / 要求 / 鼓励 / 邀请某人做某事
13.be + adj. + enough to do sth.足够……做某事
14.sb.be ready to do sth.某人准备做某事
15.can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
16.too to do sth.太……而不能做某事
17.be afraid / able / sure to do sth.害怕 / 能够 / 确定做某事
18.be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事
19.practise doing sth.练习做某事
20.keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事
21.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
22.finish doing sth.完成做某事
23.be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
24.miss doing sth.错过做某事
25.instead of doing sth.代替做某事
26.thank sb. for doing sth.感谢某人做某事
27.mind doing sth.介意做某事
28.can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事
29.have fun / difficulty / trouble / problems (in) doing sth.做某事有趣 / 有困难
30.have a good / hard time (in) doing sth.是做……的好 / 困难时期
31.a kind of traditional Chinese art 一种传统的中国艺术
32.be attracted by 被……吸引
33.be well worth a visit 很值得一游
34.another famous attractions 另一个著名的观光胜地
35.be praised as 被誉为……
36.one of the wonders of the world 世界奇迹之一
37.the right of ……的权利
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38.make a great difference to sb. / sth.对……产生重大影响
39.out of control 失去控制
40.the discovery of ……的发现
41.be widely used 被广泛使用
42.happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
43.solve the problem of 解决……问题
44.complain about sth.抱怨 / 投诉某事
45.explore outer space 探索太空
46.satisfy one’s needs 满足……的需要
47.be in a mess 乱七八糟
48.come up with 提出,想出
二、句子篇
(一)万能句
1.Would you mind (not) doing ?
你介意(不)做……吗?
Would you mind closing the window?
你介意关上窗户吗?
2.What do you think of ? / How do you like ?
你认为……怎么样?
What do you think of / How do you like after-school activities?
你怎么看待课外活动?
3.prefer to do rather than do
宁愿做……也不愿做……
They prefer to buy a new car rather than repair it.
他们宁愿买一辆新车也不愿修理它。
4.would rather do than do
宁愿做……也不愿做……
I would rather play football than stay at home.
我宁愿去踢足球也不愿待在家。
5.spend time / money on sth. / ( in) doing sth.
花费时间 / 金钱在……上