Unit 4 Natural Disasters 重点词汇、高频短语、经典句型单元检测-2024-2025学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4 重点单词、高频短语、经典必背句型单元检测 一：阅读词汇（我会认）） 1.disaster n.灾难；灾害 2.tornado 龙卷风；旋风 3.drought n.旱灾；久旱 4.landslide崩塌；滑坡 5.slide v (使)滑行；滑动 6.tsunami n. 海啸 7.vocanic eruption 火山喷发 8.magnitude n. (地)震级 9.destroy vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭 10.evacuate vt.疏散 vi.撤离 11.helicopter n. 直升机 12.crack n.裂纹 v. 使破裂 13.percent n.百分之…… 14.brick n. 砖；砖块 15.metal n.金属 16.electricity n.电；电能 17.revive 复活，使苏醒 18.unify v 统一 19.wisdom n.智慧；才智 20.volcano火山 21.typhoon n.台风 22.hurricane n飓风 23.tap v轻叩；轻敲 24.pipe n.管子；管道 25.whistle v.吹口哨；发出笛声 26.emergency n.突发事件 27.kit n.成套工具；成套设备 28.sweep v打扫；清扫 29.strike 侵袭；n. 罢工 30.length n.长；长度 二：写作词汇（我会写） 1.flood n. 洪水 vi.淹没 2.rescue n.& vt.营救；救援 3.damage损害；n.损坏 4.death n. 死；死亡 5.affect vt. 影响；深深打动 6.Shelter n.避难处vt.掩蔽  7.ruin n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏 8.Shock n.震惊vt.(使)震惊 9.trap入险境；n. 险境 10.bury vt. 埋葬；安葬 11.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 12.revive复活，使苏醒 13.effort n.努力；尽力 14.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 15.survive vi.生存；存活 16.Power n.电力供应；力量 17.calm adj.镇静的vt.使平静 18.aid n.援助v援助 19.crash v.碰撞； n.碰撞 20.wave n.海浪 v招手 21.deliver v递送 发表 22.summary n.总结；概括 23.effect n.影响；结果；效果 三：本单元重点词性转换 1．death n.死亡→dead adj. 无生命的→ die vi. 死亡→ dying adj. 垂死的→ deadly adj.致命的 2．affect vt．影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动→effect n．效果；影响→effective adj．有效的→affectionn.喜欢；喜爱；感情 3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 v．（使）震惊→shocking adj．令人震惊的→shocked adj．感到震惊的 4.electricity n．电；电能→electric adj．电的；用电的→electronic adj．电子的 5.breathe vi．＆vt．呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj．气喘吁吁的 6.wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj．明智的→unwise adj．不明智的 7.suffer vt．遭受：蒙受 vi．（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦→suffering n．受难：苦楚 8.erupt vi．＆vt．（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出→eruption n．喷发 9 .survive vi．生存；存活 vt．幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生还→survivor n．幸存者；生还者 10.emergency n．突发事件：紧急情况→emergent adj．紧急的→emerge vi．浮现：出现 11. deliver vt．＆vi．递送；传达 v．发表→delivery n．投递；送交 12．length n．长；长度→long adj．长的→lengthen v．（使）变长 13. wise adj.有智慧的；聪明的→wisdom n.智慧；才智 14. revive vt. & vi. 复活；(使)苏醒→revival n. 振兴；复苏 四：本单元高频词汇 1. in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 2.in the open air 露天；在户外 3.refer to 提到，涉及 4.set up 建立 5.live a new life 过着新生活 6.as if 仿佛；好像 7.come to an end终结；走向末日 8.be/get back on one’s feet 完全恢复 9.blow …away 把…吹走 10.in shock 震惊；吃惊 11.in danger 处于危险之中 12.on hand 现有（尤指帮助） 13.suffer from 遭受，患病 14.stay away from 远离 15.run out of 跑出来 16.at an end 结束终止 17.sweep away 消灭，彻底消除 18.carry on 执行 19.a series of 一系列的 20.have an effect on 对......有影响 21.dig out 挖掘，发现 22.in all directions 朝四面八方 23. put up 搭起 24．at least 至少 25.be expected to do 预计；有望做…… 26．give up 放弃 27.in danger 处境危险 五；本单元必背经典句型 1. too...to...太...而以致不能 1.He is too shy to speak in public.（他太害羞了以至于不敢在公众面前讲话。） 2.The box is too heavy for me to lift.（这个箱子太重了，我搬不起来。） 3.t's too late to catch the last bus.（太晚了，赶不上末班车了。） 2. as if ...似乎；好像(虚拟语气） 1.She talks as if she knew everything.（她说话的样子好像她什么都知道。） 2.He walked as if he were drunk.（他走路的样子好像喝醉了。） 3.It looks as if it were going to rain.（看起来好像要下雨了。） 3. 现在分词作状语（doing....,句子 句子，doing... .... ） 1.Walking in the park, she saw a beautiful flower.（在公园里散步时，她看到了一朵美丽的花。） 2.Being tired, he took a rest.（因为累了，他休息了一下。）： 3. He sat there, reading a book quietly.（他坐在那里，静静地读着一本书。） 4. make+it +adj+to do sth (it充当形式宾语） 1.he new software makes it easy to manage your tasks.（这个新软件使管理你的任务变得容易。） 2..A clear explanation makes it possible to understand the complex concept.（清晰的解释使理解这个复杂的概念成为可能。） 5. be doing ....when ....正在做...突然.... 1.I was reading a book when the phone rang.（我正在读书的时候电话响了。） 2.She was walking in the park when it started to rain.（她正在公园里散步的时候天开始下雨了。） 3.He was cooking dinner when his friends arrived.（他正在做晚饭的时候他的朋友们到了。） 六：本单元重点语法填空词汇练习 rescue 1. The firemen rescued a baby from the flood. 2. When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers rescued (rescue) us. damage 1. The drought has done great damage to the crops. 2. They are repairing the houses which were damaged (damage) in the flood. shelter 1. It's so hot, and we'd better find a tree to take shelter from the sun. 2. We sat in the shade, sheltering (shelter) from the sun. 3. The city lay in ruins (ruin) after the earthquake. Now, rows of houses are being built. 4. Some parents are just too protective. They want to shelter their kids from every kind of danger. ruin 1. The old famous castle fell into ruin after the big flood. 2. Heavy smoking may ruin yourself (you), so you should give it up as soon as possible. 3. He returned home only to find that his house had been ruined (ruin) by the flood. 4. Heavy smoking ruins (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking. shock 1. His situation was a great shock to us all. 2. The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked (shock)． 3. The news that he was injured in the accident was shocking (shock)． 4. All the listeners were greatly shocked (shock) when they heard the terrible news on radio. 5. His failure in the match was a shocking (shock) piece of news for his fans. 5. Jane was shocked to find (find) that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying. trap 1. If you walk into the forest, you're likely to fall into a trap. 2. The young man was trapped in the building, and he felt very helpless. 3. Trapped (trap) in the building, the young man felt very helpless. 4. He was trying to save the girl trapped (trap) in the burning house. 5. He trapped me into cheating in the important examination. bury 1. He was buried (bury) in his lessons and knew nothing about the outside world. 2. In the past three weeks, we have been burying ourselves (we) in study because the exam is drawing near. 3. Buried (bury) in his lessons, he knew nothing about the outside world. 4. Burying (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn't notice what was happening. 5. Nowadays family members are often found buried (bury) in their own smartphones. effort 1. If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will spare no effort to finish (finish) the task. 2. As far as I'm concerned, you should make a greater effort to study (study) hard. 3. Through all the efforts (effort), the city began to breathe again. suffer 1.The sufferer(suffer) has been suffering for a long time. 2. The war brought endless suffering (suffer)to the people. 3. She suffers from a severe headache. wisdom 1.It is wise (wisdom) of you to give up your possessions(财产) in the fire because nothing is more important than life. 2.She spent her money wisely(wisdom) and managed to save a lot. 3.The old man's wisdom (wisdom) is gained from years of experience. breath 1.She took a deep breath(breath) before starting the speech. 2.After running up the stairs, she was breathless(breath) . 3. The morning air in the quiet village is good to breathe (breath). destroy 1. The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed (destroy)． 2. The kind of trees is under threat and ten percent were destroyed (destroy)in huge wildfires last summer. death 1.The tree is dead(death). 2.he death(death) of his pet made him very sad. 3. This is a deadly(death) poison. 4. Another 254 were found dead (death) and many more were hurt or missing in Thailand. 5.. Many people were injured and 3 people died (death) in the accident. supply 1. I'd like to know the reason why the milk is in short supply in this area now. 2. I don't know whether they are supplied with enough food in the area. 3. I don't know whether they have a good supply of food in the area. 4. The audience supplied a lot of information to us, which affected us deeply. 5. That rescue team supplied (supply) those people who were affected by the flood with enough fresh water. survive 1.Some strange customs have survived from earlier times 2.He survived (survive) the earthquake. 3.She is a survivor(survive) of the flood. 4.The survival(survive) of the fittest is a natural law. 5.This ancient vase has survived from Roman times. 6.They survived on wild fruits and berries. power 1.A powerful (power) pleader can inspire people to achieve great things. 2.She felt powerless (power) in the face of the disaster. 3.There was a time when the girl had no power to speak (speak)． 4.Being a powerful (power) person, he has the power to deal (deal) with all kinds of problems. calm 1. As soon as their parents came in, the twin sisters calmed down. 2. When he gets anxious, he often breathes deeply to calm himself (he) down. 3．He was very excited, and it was long before he calmed down. 4. When he was trapped in the flood, he gave his wife a call calmly (calm). aid 1. I'd be very grateful if you can aid me in my English. 2. He is so considerate a boy that he often aids his mother to clean (clean) the house. 3. They promised to aid me to mend (mend) my house damaged in the flood. wave 1. Huge waves (wave) were breaking on the shore. 2. He waved to/ at us as the bus drove off. 3. I waved goodbye to him, but he ignored me. 4. A man in the flood was shouting and waving (wave) his arms around wildly. strike 2. It suddenly struck (strike) me that I had forgotten to do my homework. 3. Struck (strike) by the beauty of Mount Tai, we decided to stay another day. effect 1.This medicine is very effective(effect) in treating headaches. 2.He managed the project effectively(effect) and completed it ahead of schedule. 3.have an effect on：Smoking has an adverse effect on health. length 1. The length (long) of the article should be about 800 words. deliver The volunteers made every effort to deliver the medicines to the disaster area in time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit4 重点单词、高频短语、经典必背句型单元检测 一：阅读词汇（我会认）） 1.disaster n.________ 2.tornado ________ 3.drought n.________ 4.landslide________ 5.slide v ________ 6.tsunami n.________ 7.vocanic eruption ________ 8.magnitude n.________ .destroy vt.________ 10.evacuate vt________ 11.helicopter n.________ 12.crack n.________ 13.percent n.________ 14.brick n. ________ 15.metal n.________ 16.electricity n.________ 17.revive________ 18.unify v________ 19.wisdom n.________ 20.volcano________ 21.typhoon n.________ 22.hurricane n________ 23.tap v________ 24.pipe n.________ 25.whistle v.________ 26.emergency n.________ 27.kit n.________ 28.sweep v_______ 29.strike n.________ 30.length n.________ 二：写作词汇（我会写） 1________ n. 洪水 vi.淹没 2________ n.& vt.营救；救援 3________损害；n.损坏 4________ n. 死；死亡 5________ vt. 影响；深深打动 6._______ n.避难处vt.掩蔽  7.________n. 破坏；毁坏 8.________ n.震惊vt.(使)震惊 9________入险境；n. 险境 10________vt. 埋葬；安葬 11________vi.& vt.呼吸 12.________复活，使苏醒 13________n.努力；尽力 14________ vt.遭受；蒙受 15.________ vi.生存；存活 16._______ n.电力供应;力量 17_______adj.镇静的vt.使平静 18.________n.援助v援助 19.________v.碰撞； n.碰撞 20________ n.海浪 v招手 21.________ v递送 发表 22.________ n.总结；概括 23________ n.影响；结果；效果 三：本单元重点词性转换 1．death n.死亡________ adj.无生命的________ vi. 死亡________adj. 垂死的________ adj.致命的 2．affect vt．影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动________n．效果；影响________ adj．有效的________.喜欢；喜爱；感情 3．shock n．震惊； v（使）震惊________ adj．令人震惊的________adj．感到震惊的 4.electricity n．电；电能________adj．电的；用电的________ adj．电子的 5.breathe vi．＆vt．呼吸________n．呼吸________ adj．气喘吁吁的 6.wisdom n．智慧；才智________adj．明智的________e adj．不明智的 7.suffer vt．遭受：蒙受 vi．（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦________n．受难：苦楚 8.erupt vi．＆vt．（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出________ n．喷发 9 .survive vi．生存vt幸存；艰难度过________n．幸存；生还________n．幸存者 10.emergency n．突发事件：紧急情况________adj．紧急的________ vi．浮现：出现 11. deliver vt．＆vi．递送；传达 v．发表________ n．投递；送交 12．length n．长；长度________adj．长的________ v．（使）变长 13. wise adj.有智慧的；聪明的________n.智慧；才智 14. revive vt. & vi. 复活；(使)苏醒________ n. 振兴；复苏 四：本单元高频词汇 1. ______________严重受损；破败不堪 2. ______________露天；在户外 3______________ 提到，涉及 4______________ 建立 5.______________ 过着新生活 6.______________ 仿佛；好像 7.______________终结；走向末日 8.______________ 完全恢复 9.______________ 把…吹走 10______________ 震惊；吃惊 11.______________处于危险之中 12______________现有（尤指帮助） 13______________ 遭受，患病 14______________ 远离 15______________ 跑出来 16______________结束终止 17.______________消灭，彻底消除 18.______________执行 19______________一系列的 20.______________对......有影响 21.______________挖掘，发现 22.______________朝四面八方 23.______________搭起 24______________至少 25.______________ 预计；有望做…… 26．give up 放弃 27______________处境危险 五；本单元必背经典句型 1. too...to...太...而以致不能 1.He is too shy to speak in public.（他太害羞了以至于不敢在公众面前讲话。） 2.The box is too heavy for me to lift.（这个箱子太重了，我搬不起来。） 3.___________________________________（太晚了，赶不上末班车了。） 2. as if ...似乎；好像(虚拟语气） 1.She talks as if she knew everything.（她说话的样子好像她什么都知道。） 2.He walked as if he were drunk.（他走路的样子好像喝醉了。） 3.___________________________________（看起来好像要下雨了。） 3. 现在分词作状语（doing....,句子 句子，doing... .... ） 1.Walking in the park, she saw a beautiful flower.（在公园里散步时，她看到了一朵美丽的花。） 2.Being tired, he took a rest.（因为累了，他休息了一下。）： 3.___________________________________（他坐在那里，静静地读着一本书。） 4. make+it +adj+to do sth (it充当形式宾语） 1.he new software makes it easy to manage your tasks.（这个新软件使管理你的任务变得容易。） 2.___________________________________.（清晰的解释使理解这个复杂的概念成为可能。） 5. be doing ....when ....正在做...突然.... 1.I was reading a book when the phone rang.（我正在读书的时候电话响了。） 2.She was walking in the park when it started to rain.（她正在公园里散步的时候天开始下雨了。） 3___________________________________（他正在做晚饭的时候他的朋友们到了。） 六：本单元重点语法填空词汇练习 rescue 1. The firemen rescued a baby _____ the flood. 2. When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers________ (rescue) us. damage 1. The drought has done great damage________ the crops. 2. They are repairing the houses which _________ (damage) in the flood. shelter 1. It's so hot, and we'd better find a tree to take shelter ________ the sun. 2. We sat in the shade________ (shelter) from the sun. 3. The city lay in ________ _ (ruin) after the earthquake. Now, rows of houses are being built. 4. Some parents are just too protective. They want to shelter their kids ________ every kind of danger. ruin 1. The old famous castle fell ________ _ ruin after the big flood. 2. Heavy smoking may ruin ________ (you), so you should give it up as soon as possible. 3. He returned home only to find that his house________ (ruin) by the flood. 4. Heavy smoking ________ _(ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking. shock 1. His situation was ________ great shock to us all. 2. The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and________ (shock)． 3. The news that he was injured in the accident was________ (shock)． 4. All the listeners were greatly ________ shock) when they heard the terrible news on radio. 5. His failure in the match was a________ (shock) piece of news for his fans. 5. Jane was shocked ________ (find) that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying. trap 1. If you walk into the forest, you're likely to fal________ a trap. 2. The young man was trapped________ the building, and he felt very helpless. 3________ (trap) in the building, the young man felt very helpless. 4. He was trying to save the girl________ (trap) in the burning house. 5. He trapped me ________ cheating in the important examination. bury 1. He was________ (bury) in his lessons and knew nothing about the outside world. 2. In the past three weeks, we have been burying________ (we) in study because the exam is drawing near. 3. ________ (bury) in his lessons, he knew nothing about the outside world. 4.________ (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn't notice what was happening. 5. Nowadays family members are often found ________ (bury) in their own smartphones. effort 1. If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance, I will spare no effort t________ (finish) the task. 2. As far as I'm concerned, you should make a greater effort________ (study) hard. 3. Through all the ________ (effort), the city began to breathe again. suffer 1.The________ (suffer) has been suffering for a long time. 2. The war brought endless ________ (suffer)to the people. 3. She suffers ________ a severe headache. wisdom 1.It is ________ (wisdom) of you to give up your possessions(财产) in the fire because nothing is more important than life. 2.She spent her money ________ (wisdom) and managed to save a lot. 3.The old man's ________ (wisdom) is gained from years of experience. breath 1.She took a deep ________(breath) before starting the speech. 2.After running up the stairs, she was ________(breath) . 3. The morning air in the quiet village is good ________(breath). destroy 1. The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely ________ (destroy)． 2. The kind of trees is under threat and ten percent ________ (destroy)in huge wildfires last summer. death 1.The tree is________ (death). 2.he________ (death) of his pet made him very sad. 3. This is a ________ (death) poison. 4. Another 254 were found ________ (death) and many more were hurt or missing in Thailand. 5.. Many people were injured and 3 people________ (death) in the accident. supply 1. I'd like to know the reason why the milk is________ short supply in this area now. 2. I don't know whether they are supplied________ enough food in the area. 3. I don't know whether they have ________ good supply of food in the area. 4. The audience supplied a lot of information________ us, which affected us deeply. 5. That rescue team ________ (supply) those people who were affected by the flood with enough fresh water. survive 1.Some strange customs have survived________ earlier times 2.He________ (survive) the earthquake. 3.She is a ________(survive) of the flood. 4.The ________(survive) of the fittest is a natural law. 5.This ancient vase has survived ________Roman times. 6.They survived________ wild fruits and berries. power 1.A ________ (power) pleader can inspire people to achieve great things. 2.She felt________ (power) in the face of the disaster. 3.There was a time when the girl had no power to________ (speak)． 4.Being a________ (power) person, he has the power________ (deal) with all kinds of problems. calm 1. As soon as their parents came in, the twin sisters calmed ________ . 2. When he gets anxious, he often breathes deeply to calm________ (he) down. 3．He was very excited, and it was long before he calmed ________ 4. When he was trapped in the flood, he gave his wife a call ________ (calm). aid 1. I'd be very grateful if you can aid me ________ my English. 2. He is so considerate a boy that he often aids his mother ________ (clean) the house. 3. They promised to aid me ________ (mend) my house damaged in the flood. wave 1. Huge ________ (wave) were breaking on the shore. 2. He waved________ us as the bus drove off. 3. I waved goodbye ________ him, but he ignored me. 4. A man in the flood was shouting and ________ (wave) his arms around wildly. strike 1 It suddenly ________ (strike) me that I had forgotten to do my homework. 2.________ (strike) by the beauty of Mount Tai, we decided to stay another day. effect 1.This medicine is very________(effect) in treating headaches. 2.He managed the project ________(effect) and completed it ahead of schedule. 3.have an effect on：Smoking has an adverse effect ________ health. length 1. The ________ (long) of the article should be about 800 words. deliver The volunteers made every effort to deliver the medicines ________ the disaster area in time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$