精品解析：山东省滨州市阳信县第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

高二年级上学期第一次阶段性考试英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. How many students passed the exam? A. 10. B. 25. C. 40. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 3. Where are the speakers most probably? A. At a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. In a classroom. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their garden. B. Their decoration plan. C. Their dream flat. 5. What will Dan probably get as a birthday gift? A. Sports shoes. B. An e- dictionary. C. Tickets for Shanghai Disneyland. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man look pale? A. He has got a cold. B. He is a little airsick. C. He is afraid of heights. 7. What does the. woman advise the man to do? A. Chew some gum. B. Have a rest. C. Go to the doctor. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man working on? A. An advertisement. B. The software. C. Schoolwork. 9. What does the man think of the app suggested by the woman? A. It’s expensive. B. It’s useless. C. It’s inconvenient. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man say about the mushroom? A. It’s colorful. B. It’s unique. C. It’s interesting. 11. How many kinds of trees are growing in one square kilometer? A. About 350. B. About 400. C. About 750. 12. What will the man do next? A. Feed some birds. B. Intrøduce some birds. C. Photograph some birds. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where is the world’s oldest amusement park? A. In the US. B. In Denmark. C. In the UK. 14. What attracted visitors to the park at first? A. The local history. B. Its entertainment. C. Its natural spring. 15. What do we know about the park in the 17th century? A. It was destroyed. B. It was developed. C. It wasn’t open to the public. 16. What is the amusement park like today? A. It needs repairing. B. It is filled with fun rides. C. It is only available to entertainers. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the purpose of the talk? A. To announce changes of a race. B. To introduce a weekend event. C. To explain rules of a new sport. 18. When should runners arrive at the Town Hall? A. At 8:30. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:45. 19. What are the prizes for the winners? A. Money prizes. B. T- shirts. C. Running shoes. 20. What is the special price for the whole family? A. $1.50. B. $2. C. $5. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Weekend travel options There’s so much to do in Portugal that you might just fall short of time during your volunteering journey! Sintra — If you want to explore around, pick the fairvtale town of Sintra first because it feels full of mystery with its castles, palaces, and broad land among the trees. The shining Pena Palace is located at the top of the hill while the old wall of the Moorish Castle is a great. spot to look at the valley that will be below you. Cascais — This place has the laid-back (悠闲的) atmosphere of a relaxing seaside town which is only 45 minutes from Lisbon and the perfect escape on a hot summer day. Its old city center is decorated with patterned black and white stones like those in Lisbon, and its streets are line a with shops and restaurants. You can go further from here by renting bikes to Boca do Inferno, an attraction located on the seaside cliffs (悬崖) close to the Portuguese city of Caseais. Aveiro — Located on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. Aveiro is an industrial city with an important seaport. Aveiro, also known as “the Portuguese Venice”, is actually a lot quieter than Venice and even more colorful. Some of Aveiro’s features are the painted boats and the exciting buildings. It’s actually very easy to reach Aveiro from Porto, whether via a drive, by train or by bus. Guimaraes — It is where Portugal’s origins began. Guimaraes Castle was home to Portugal’s first king, and home to many more structures in the Middle Ages. Because of the colorful streets, ancient churches and various natural landmarks, you will feel like you’re taking a walk from the past of Portugar to its present. Drop us an e-mail at traveldesk@volunteeringsolutions.com mentioning your choice of weekend adventures and we shall meet your needs. 1. What is the feature of the attractions in Sintra? A. Presenting a sense of mystery. B. Having shiny outward appearance. C. Bearing famous modern buildings. D. Providing various outdoor activities. 2. What do Cascais and Aveiro have in common? A. They both offer beautiful sea views. B. They both have convenient transportation. C. They both feature colorful buildings. D. They both focus on industrial development. 3. Where should you go if you are interested in Portugal’s early rulers life? A. Sintra. B. Cascais. C. Aveiro. D. Guimaraes. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了关于葡萄牙几个城市（辛特拉、卡斯卡伊斯、阿维罗和吉马良斯）的周末旅行推荐。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Sintra中的“If you want to explore around, pick the fairvtale town of Sintra first because it feels full of mystery with its castles, palaces, and broad land among the trees. (如果你想四处探索，首先选择童话般的辛特拉小镇，因为它的城堡、宫殿和树林中的广阔土地充满了神秘感。)”可知，Sintra景点的特点是呈现一种神秘感。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段Cascais中的“This place has the laid-back (悠闲的) atmosphere of a relaxing seaside town which is only 45 minutes from Lisbon and the perfect escape on a hot summer day.(这个地方有一个轻松的海滨小镇的悠闲氛围，距离里斯本只有45分钟的路程，是炎热夏日的完美去处)”以及第四段Aveiro中的“Located on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean.(位于大西洋海岸)”可知，卡斯卡伊斯和阿维罗的共同点是都提供了美丽的海景。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段Guimaraes中的“It is where Portugal’s origins began. Guimaraes Castle was home to Portugal’s first king, and home to many more structures in the Middle Ages. Because of the colorful streets, ancient churches and various natural landmarks, you will feel like you’ re taking a walk from the past of Portugar to its present.(这是葡萄牙的发源地。Guimaraes城堡是葡萄牙第一位国王的住所，也是中世纪许多建筑的所在地。多彩的街道、古老的教堂和各种各样的自然地标，让你感觉自己正从葡萄牙的过去漫步到现在)”可知，如果你对葡萄牙早期统治者的生活感兴趣，你应该去Guimaraes。故选D项。 B “Tell me your names and which year of graduate school you’re in,” the visiting speaker asked. My discomfort grew as everyone else gave their answers. When my turn came, I swallowed and said I was in my sixth year. “I think it is the student’s problem if she spends over 5 years finishing a PhD,” the speaker replied. His comment was the final shot. Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average. Students need to publish two first-author papers to graduate and my adviser requires his students to take the lead in all experiments so we can have full ownership of our work and develop various scientific techniques. I was comfortable with taking longer to become an independent scientist. My adviser had some projects he wanted to handle and I chose one to work on, knowing I could draw on his expertise (专业知识) and gain support from lab mates. However, l investigated 10 different hypotheses (假说) — just to prove each a dead end. Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down. Then came the speaker’s comment. I broke down and went to my adviser. He pointed out that over the past 6 years I had mastered many difficult techniques. My growing expertise was comparable with the very best. If I didn’t have the answer to my research question yet, it was because of the complexity of the answer, not because of personal shortcomings (不足之处). This viewpoint helped calm me. It helped me push forward with determination and perseverance. Under my adviser’s continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally. Looking back on my PhD life, I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one’s PhD journey is the same: all we need to do is stick to it. 4. What contributed to the author s longer-than-average PhD journey? A. The time-consuming project she’d worked on. B. Her lack of motivation to complete the research. C. Her poor grasp of scientific techniques and skills. D. The high standards set by the department and the adviser. 5. What can we learn about the author throughout the research process? A. She turned a deaf ear to others’ advice. B. She Lacked talent for scientific research. C. She met with many struggles and failures. D. She easily gave up when faced with challenges. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the author’s adviser? A. Unhelpful. B. Supportive. C. Thoughtful. D. Demanding. 7. What lesson can we draw from the author’s experience? A. All the roads lead to Rome. B. Well begun is half done. C. Slow and steady wins the race. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者攻读博士学位的艰难经历告诉我们成功属于坚持不懈的人。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Right from the start of graduate school, I. had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average.(从研究生院开始，我就意识到我的部门和我的导师的要求可能会使我的博士学位比平均时间要长)”可知，是院系和导师制定的高标准促成了作者比一般人更长的博士之旅。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down.(每次唯一的选择就是做出下一个可能的假设，然后从不同的方向重新开始。缺乏进展使我精疲力竭)”可知，在整个研究过程中作者遇到了许多困难和失败。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“This viewpoint helped calm me. It helped me push forward with determination and perseverance. Under my adviser’s continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally.(这种观点使我平静下来。在导师的不断指导和支持下，我突然想到了一个假说，这个假说成立了，我终于毕业了)”可知，导师是提供支持的。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。分析全文内容，再根据文章最后一段“I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one’s PhD journey is the same: all we need to do is stick to it.(我意识到很多研究生都和我一样。我希望我能告诉他们我来这里的目的：没有人的博士之旅是相同的；我们要做的就是坚持下去)”可知，作者通过他的精力告诉我们坚持的重要性，所以C选项“稳扎稳打赢得比赛”符合题意。故选C项。 C Susan Reiter has had a landline in her Enumclaw Wash home since 1978. The power goes out several times a year, usually caused by strong winds and other weather events. But the landline always works, she says, making it her best option if there’s an emergency and she needs to call 911. “There are people out in rural (农村的) America that need this service,” Reiter, 77, says. “Maybe it’s not a big number, but for those people it’s a safety issue.” The number of landline users has plummeted with the rise of cellphones, and the 19th-century technology’s days appear to be numbered. Providers like AT&T are looking to exit the business by transitioning customers to cellphones or home telephone service over broadband connections. But for many of the millions of people still relying on their copper-based (铜基的) landline telephones, other options are either unavailable, too expensive, or are unreliable when it matters most. The copper lines used for traditional landlines carry electricity over the wires, so as long as a phone is charged it will work during a power outage (停电). Landlines are separate from cellular (蜂窝状的) and broadband networks and are not affected by their outages, making them a necessary backstop (备用方案) in rural areas. AT&T recently announced its intention to end landline service to parts of the state. “We spend more than a billion dollars a year in California maintaining our network and services that are used by 5 percent of households today and this is rapidly declining,” said Susan Johnson, AT&T’s head of wireline transformation. “That’s like cooling an entire high-rise building in the heat of the summer with people only living on one floor.” Despite the announcement, AT&T says it is not cutting off copper landline customers at this time, and people can still sign up for a new landline. However, like other landline companies, it is hoping to transition those customers to other newer options. 8. What do the words of Susan Reiter in paragraph 1 mainly show? A. The significance of landlines to US rural people. B. The impact of bad weather on rural communication. C. The problems with US rural communication services. D. The preference for landlines over mobile phones among the elderly. 9. What does me underlined word “plummeted” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A Increased sharply. B. Rose slightly. C. Remained stable. D. Dropped suddenly. 10. What is an obvious advantage of landlines in rural areas? A. They are cheaper than other newer options. B. They are widely accessible to rural people. C. They are simple enough for rural people to operate. D. They are still available during cellular network outages. 11. What is the main reason for AT&T to end its landline service? A. The great number of ageing landline users. B. The high maintenance costs of landlines. C. The poor performance of landlines in emergencies. D. The great advantages of newer communication options. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在美国座机用户的数量急剧下降，但是其在农村地区有着重要的作用，尽管如此，电话公司仍打算终止固定电话服务。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中Susan Reiter说的话““There are people out in rural (农村的) America that need this service,” Reiter, 77, says. “Maybe it’s not a big number, but for those people it’s a safety issue.”(77岁的Reiter说：“美国农村有很多人需要这项服务。”“也许这不是一个大数字，但对这些人来说，这是一个安全问题。”)”可以推论出，座机对美国农村人的重要性。故选A项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的“The number of landline users (座机用户数量)”和划线单词后的“with the rise of cellphones, and the 19th-century technology’s days appear to be numbered(随着手机的兴起，19世纪技术的日子似乎屈指可数)”可知，随着手机的兴起，座机用户数量肯定是下降的，所以划线单词plummeted意义为“暴跌”，与D项Dropped suddenly意义一致。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The copper lines used for traditional landlines carry electricity over the wires, so as long as a phone is charged it will work during a power outage (停电). Landlines are separate from cellular (蜂窝状的) and broadband network s and are not affected by their outages, making them a necessary backstop (备用方案) in rural areas.(传统固定电话使用的铜线通过电线传输电力，所以只要电话充满电，它就能在停电时工作。固定电话与移动电话和宽带网络是分开的，不受其中断的影响，使其成为农村地区必要的后盾。)”可知，在农村地区使用固定电话的优势是在蜂窝网络中断期间，它们仍然可用。故选D项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“AT&T recently announced its intention to end landline service to parts of the state. “We spend more than a billion dollars a year in California maintaining our network and services that are used by 5 percent of households today and this is rapidly declining,” said Susan Johnson, AT&T’s head of wireline transformation.( AT&T最近宣布打算终止该州部分地区的固定电话服务。“我们每年在加州花费超过10亿美元来维护我们的网络和服务，目前有5%的家庭使用我们的网络和服务，而且这个数字正在迅速下降，”AT&T的有线转换主管Susan Johnson说。)”可知，AT&T终止固定电话服务的主要原因是固定电话的高维护费用。故选B项。 D Much like their human owners, dogs have a problem of obesity (肥胖). One recent study of British dogs found that one in 14 is too fat, putting them at higher risk of conditions like arthritis, shortening their lifespan (寿命) and making walks more of a drag. Certain breeds. like Labradors, are more likely to gain weight. The study, led by Eleanor Raffan, a professor at the University of Cambridge, focused on a gene known as POMC, which is found in humans as well as dogs. In a previous study, published in 2016, Dr Raffan and her colleagues found that obese Labradors were much more likely than slimmer dogs to be missing a small section of DNA in the gene, a so-called deletion mutation (缺失突变). In the latest study the researchers set out to identify how this mutation might cause them to gain weight. Their first finding rested on the results of a “sausage-in-a-box test” Experimenters recorded the Labs’ reaction to a meaty treat that they could see and smell, but couldn’t eat. On average, dogs with the POMC mutation spent almost twice as long looking at, or — for whatever reason — playing with, the box as those without. In another experiment the dogs were encouraged to sleep in a laboratory, where the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide breathed in and out was measured. From this, the scientists found that dogs with the POMC mutation burned 25% fewer calories at rest than those without, indicating that the hungry dogs may need to stick to a particularly light diet in order to stay slim. Additionally, the authors identified a protein affected by the mutation in the Labs. Scientists investigating the effects of genes typically study mice but this protein is not present in mice. Given the fact that many people with the rare mutation become obese as children, it is likely that this overlooked protein is also relevant to weight control in humans. However, there are also many healthy, happy Labradors who have the POMC mutation, adds Dr Raffan. “So for now, owners looking to keep their pets in shape will just need to hide the treats and resist those pleading (恳求), puppy-dog eyes.” 12. What did the latest study try to find out? A. The causes of the POMC mutation in Labradors. B. The effects of the POMC mutation on dogs’ health. C. The role of the POMC mutation in Labradors’ obesity. D. The solution to the obesity caused by the POMC mutation. 13. What can we learn about the POMC mutation from paragraph 3? A. It increased the dogs’ desire for food. B. It made the dogs enjoy their food more. C. It changed the dogs dietary preferences. D. It enabled the dogs to eat more at one time. 14. What can be inferred about the study from the last but one paragraph? A. It confirms the gene source of human obesity. B. It may contribute to human weight management. C. It can explain why it is not easy for humans to keep fit. D. It denies previous findings on the effects of the POMC mutation. 15. What should pet owners do according to Dr Raffan? A. Provide a balanced diet. B. Increase their pets’ physical activity. C. Try to control their pets’ food intake. D. Select dogs without the mutation as pets. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了一项关于狗的肥胖的研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The study, led by Eleanor Raffan, a professor at the University of Cambridge, focused on a gene known as POMC, which is found in humans as well as dogs. In a previous study, published in 2016, Dr Raffa n and her colleagues found that obese Labradors were much more likely than slimmer dogs to be missing a small section of DNA in the gene, a so-called deletion mutation (缺失突变). In the latest study the researchers set out to identify how this mutation might cause them to gain weight.(这项研究由剑桥大学教授Eleanor Raffan领导，重点研究了一种名为POMC的基因，这种基因在人类和狗身上都有。在之前发表于2016年的一项研究中，Raffan博士和她的同事发现，肥胖的拉布拉多犬比苗条的狗更有可能缺失基因中的一小部分DNA，即所谓的缺失突变。在最新的研究中，研究人员着手确定这种突变是如何导致它们体重增加的)”可知，最新的研究试图找出POMC突变在拉布拉多犬肥胖中的作用。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Their first finding rested on the results of a “sausage-in-a-box test” Experimenters recorded the Labs’ reaction to a meaty treat that they could see and smell, but couldn’t eat. On average, dogs with the POMC mutation spent almost twice as long looking at, or — for whatever reason — playing with, the box as those without.(他们的第一个发现是基于“sausage-in-a-box test”的结果，实验人员记录了实验室对一种它们能看到和闻到但不能吃的肉的反应。平均而言，携带POMC基因突变的狗狗看盒子的时间，或者出于某种原因玩盒子的时间，几乎是没有携带POMC基因突变的狗狗的两倍)”可知，从本段可以了解到POMC突变增加了狗对食物的渴望。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Additionally, the authors identified a protein affected by the mutation in the Labs. Scientists investigating the effects of genes typically study mice. but this protein is not present in mice. Given the fact that many people with the rare mutation become obese as children, it is likely that this overlooked protein is also relevant to weight control in humans.(此外，作者还在实验室中发现了一种受突变影响的蛋白质。研究基因影响的科学家通常以老鼠为研究对象。但是这种蛋白质在老鼠体内并不存在。考虑到许多患有这种罕见突变的人在儿童时期变得肥胖，这种被忽视的蛋白质很可能也与人类的体重控制有关)”可知，从本段可推断出研究可能有助于人类的体重管理。故选B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, there are also many healthy, happy Labradors who have the POMC mutation, adds Dr Raffan. “So for now, owners looking to keep their pets in shape will. just need to hide the treats and resist those pleading (恳求的), puppy-dog eyes.”(然而，也有许多健康快乐的拉布拉多犬携带POMC突变，拉凡博士补充道。“所以现在，想让宠物保持健康的主人会这么做。你只需要把零食藏起来，抵挡住那双恳求的、小狗似的眼睛。”)”可知，Dr Raffan认为宠物主人应该尽量控制宠物的食物摄入量。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The environment has never been more in need of a helping hand from us. It’s important that we all do our bit to help the environment. Schools, in particular, are in a great position to educate future generations and make sure that good environmental habits are learned and adopted from an early age. ____16____ Turn off the lights and fit energy-efficient lights. Saving energy used for lighting is one of the easiest things that we can do. ____17____ Turn off lights when they’re not needed. Signage (标志) asking people to turn off the lights can act as a useful reminder. Go paperless! The world is becoming ever more digital, with paper now being seen as outdated (过时的) in many cases. ____18____ However, it sometimes needs people to change how they do things. Think twice before printing or photocopying all those A4 pages, for example. Reject plastic water bottles. It is easy for everyone to make a difference to the environment with very little effort. ____19____ One effective change is to stop buying water bottles that are only used once and then recycled. Instead, reuse existing bottles and containers. This small change not only reduces waste but also helps to protect our environment in the long run. ____20____ Sending waste to landfills (垃圾填埋场) isn’t the best use of the world’s resources. Besides, the space available for landfills is rapidly running out. Instead, promote recycling by providing proper and appealing facilities with clear signage. This is the key to preventing pollution of different waste streams. A. Get everyone included in it. B. Encourage and enable recycling. C. This is good news for the environment. D. Try to use natural light as much as possible. E. Here are some tips to make your school more eco-friendly. F. By making a simple change in our daily habits, we can have a healthier campus. G. Carrying out recycling programs throughout the campus can reduce waste. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了学校在教育年轻一代和保护环境方面的重要作用，并给出了一些使学校更加环保的建议。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Schools, in particular, are in a great position to educate future generations and make sure that good environmental habits are learned and adopted from an early age.(特别是学校，在教育后代和确保良好的环境习惯从早期学习和采用方面处于有利地位)”这句话强调了学校在环境保护教育方面的重要作用。下文则给出了一些具体的建议，以帮助学校变得更加环保。因此，此处需要一个过渡句来引出下文，选项E“以下是一些让你的学校更加环保的建议”起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Saving energy used for lighting is one of the easiest things that we can do.(节约用于照明的能源是我们能做的最简单的事情之一)”以及下文“Turn off lights when they’re not needed. Signage (标志) asking people to turn off the lights can act as a useful reminder.(不需要灯的时候把灯关掉。要求人们关灯的标志可以作为一个有用的提醒)”可知，本段主要讲述和灯有关的环境保护方法，所以选项D“尽量多地使用自然光”也是和灯有关的环境保护方法，符合语境。故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“The world is becoming ever more digital, with paper now being seen as outdated (过时的) in many cases.(世界正变得越来越数字化，在许多情况下，纸张现在被视为过时了)”强调了数字化的发展趋势和纸张的过时。下文提到“However, it sometimes needs people to change how they do things. Think twice before printing or photocopying all thoseA4 pages, for example.(然而，它有时需要人们改变他们做事的方式。例如，在打印或复印所有这些页面之前要三思而后行)”这句话建议人们在打印或复印之前要慎重考虑，以减少纸张的使用。选项C“这对环境来说是个好消息”承接上文，指出了数字化发展对环境带来的积极影响，同时引出下文对减少纸张使用的建议，符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据前文“It is easy for everyone to make a difference to the environment with very little effort.(每个人都很容易在几乎不费力的情况下对环境产生影响)”强调了每个人都可以对环境产生影响，下文“One effective change is to stop buying water bottles that are only used once and then recycled.(一个有效的改变是停止购买只使用一次然后回收的水瓶)”给出了一个具体的环保行动建议（该建议强调要去改变），该空内容应与学生做出有益于环境的改变相关，选项F“通过改变我们的日常习惯，我们可以拥有一个更健康的校园”与上下文相呼应，强调了个人改变对环境的益处，符合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Sending waste to landfills isn’t the best use of the world’s resources. Besides, the space available for landfills is rapidly running out. Instead, promote recycling by providing proper and appealing facilities with clear signage.(将垃圾送往垃圾填埋场并不是世界上最好的资源利用方式。此外，可用于垃圾填埋的空间正在迅速减少。相反，应该通过提供适当且吸引人的设施以及清晰的标志来促进回收)”强调了回收的重要性，并给出了具体的建议。选项B“鼓励和支持回收”概括了下文的主要内容，符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mia Soviero wasn’t sure if she should continue her EMT certification (紧急医疗救护技术员证书). However, after leaving the theater with her mom, something happened that completely removed her ____21____. Mia was able to ____22____ to herself that she could keep a clear ____23____ in a dangerous situation. She ____24____ saved a life that night. When she ____25____ a huge accident on the road, she leaped into action to rescue a young woman from one of the cars. She put her paramedic (护理人员) training to ____26____ while still wearing her Barbie-themed dress. “We were driving home when right in front of us a car ____27____ a vehicle that had been parked on the side of the road,” she said. Cars ____28____ to speed down the highway, doing their best to drive around the accident. However, Mia was certain that it was only a matter of time before vehicles started to ____29____. She needed to get the driver out of there and fast! Mia got her mom to pull over and then ran into the scene without hesitation. ____30____, the 20-year-old in the crashed vehicle wasn’t too hurt. After introducing herself as a(n) ____31____ EMT, Mia helped the young woman over to the backseat of her mom’s ____32____ car. It wasn’t a moment too soon, either — just as the heroic student had ____33____, another vehicle ____34____ the accident. Then another. Mia believes she might not have continued her EMT training if it hadn’t been for the night she used her paramedic skills while wearing a(n) ____35____ dress for the occasion. 21. A. doubts B. regrets C. worries D. hopes 22. A. admit B. whisper C. describe D. prove 23. A. view B. head C. record D. distance 24. A. actually B. probably C. immediately D. directly 25. A. prevented B. survived C. saw D. caused 26. A. rest B. use C. check D. test 27. A. kept away from B. caught up with C. ran over D. crashed into 28. A. failed B. refused C. continued D. stopped 29. A. pile up B. drive away C. speed up D. slow down 30. A. Naturally B. Normally C. Unsurprisingly D. Thankfully 31. A. professional B. future C. experienced D. excellent 32. A. rented B. borrowed C. parked D. damaged 33. A. feared B. warned C. expected D. predicted 34. A. ignored B. avoided C. spotted D. joined 35. A. formal B. expensive C. impractical D. traditional 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述Mia Soviero在一次意外中运用自己的紧急医疗技术员技能救助了一名年轻女子的故事，展现了她的勇敢和专业能力，同时也反映了她在经历这次事件后对自己职业选择的确认和坚持。 21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在和妈妈一起离开电影院后，发生的一件事彻底消除了她的疑虑。doubts疑虑；B. regrets遗憾；C. worries担忧；D. hopes希望。根据前文“Mia Soviero wasn’t sure if she should continue her EMT certification (紧急医疗救护技术员证书).”可知，Mia Soviero不确定她是否应该继续她的急救医师认证，所以是有疑虑。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mia能够向自己证明，在危险的情况下她可以保持清醒的头脑。A. admit承认；B. whisper低语；C. describe描述；D. prove证明。根据前文“However, after leaving the theater with her mom, something happened that completely removed her 　　　　1　　　　.”可知，Mia消除了疑虑，此处表示她向自己证明了某件事。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mia能够向自己证明，在危险的情况下她可以保持清醒的头脑。A. view视野；B. head头脑；C. record记录；D. distance距离。根据后文“in a dangerous situation”结合选项可知，在危险的情况下，应是保持清醒的头脑，符合语境。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那晚她真的救了一条命。A. actually实际上，真实地；B. probably可能；C. immediately立即；D. directly直接。根据后文“saved a life”可知，Mia挽救了一条生命，这是实际上发生的事。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她看到路上发生了一起重大事故时，她立即行动起来，从一辆车里救出了一位年轻女子。A. prevented阻止；B. survived幸存；C. saw看见；D. caused导致。根据后文“she leaped into action to rescue a young woman from one of the cars”可知，Mia迅速行动起来救人，她看见了这起事故。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在使用她的护理人员培训的同时，仍然穿着她的芭比娃娃主题的裙子。A. rest休息；B. use使用；C. check检查；D. test测试。根据前文“she leaped into action to rescue a young woman from one of the cars”可知，Mia救人时使用了自己的护理训练知识。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们正开车回家，就在我们前面，一辆车撞上了停在路边的一辆车，”她说。A. kept away from远离；B. caught up with追上；C. ran over碾过；D. crashed into撞向。根据前文“When she 　　　　5　　　　 a huge accident on the road”可知，Mia看到路上发生了一起重大事故，所以是一辆车撞上了停在路边的一辆车。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽车继续在高速公路上加速行驶，尽力绕过事故现场。A. failed失败；B. refused拒绝；C. continued继续；D. stopped停止。根据后文“doing their best to drive around the accident.”可知，前文提到发生车祸，这里应是其他车继续在高速公路上加速行驶，尽力绕过事故现场。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，Mia确信，车辆开始堆积只是时间问题。A. pile up堆积；B. drive away赶走；C. speed up加速；D. slow down减速。根据前文“Cars 　　　　8　　　　 to speed down the highway, doing their best to drive around the accident.”可知，路上其他汽车继续在高速公路上加速行驶，尽力绕过事故现场，但是Mia确信，车辆开始堆积只是时间问题。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地是，那个20岁的年轻人在撞车事故中并没有受到太大的伤害。A. Naturally自然地；B. Normally正常地；C. Unsurprisingly不出所料地；D. Thankfully谢天谢地。根据后文“the 20-year-old in the crashed vehicle wasn’t too hurt.”可知，那个20岁的年轻人在撞车事故中并没有受到太大的伤害，所以是谢天谢地。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在介绍了自己是一名未来的急救人员之后，Mia把这位年轻女子扶到了她妈妈停在车里的后座上。A. professional专业的；B. future未来的；C. experienced有经验的；D. excellent优秀的。根据前文“Mia Soviero wasn’t sure if she should continue her EMT certification (紧急医疗救护技术员证书).”可知，Mia还未获得证书，所以是一名未来的急救人员。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在介绍了自己是一名未来的急救人员之后，Mia把这位年轻女子扶到了她妈妈停在车里的后座上。A. rented租用的；B. borrowed借用的；C. parked停放的；D. damaged损坏的。根据前文“Mia got her mom to pull over and then ran into the scene without hesitation.”可知，她妈妈把车停在了路边，所以是Mia把这位年轻女子扶到了她妈妈停放的车里。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一刻也不算太快——正如这位英勇的学生所担心的那样，另一辆车加入了事故。A. feared担心；B. warned警告；C. expected期待；D. predicted预测。根据前文“However, Mia was certain that it was only a matter of time before vehicles started to 　　　　9　　　　. She needed to get the driver out of there and fast!”可知，Mia之前担心其他车在高速公路上撞上来。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一刻也不算太快——正如这位英勇的学生所担心的那样，另一辆车加入了事故。A. ignored忽视；B. avoided避免；C. spotted发现；D. joined加入。根据前文“However, Mia was certain that it was only a matter of time before vehicles started to 　　　　9　　　　. She needed to get the driver out of there and fast!”可知，Mia之前担心其他车在高速公路上撞上来。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mia认为，如果不是在那个场合她穿着一件不切实际的裙子却用上了急救医护技能的那个夜晚，她可能不会继续她的急救医疗技术员培训。A. formal正式的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. impractical不切实际的；D. traditional传统的。根据前文“She put her paramedic (护理人员) training to 　　　　6　　　　 while still wearing her Barbie-themed dress.”可知，Mia穿着她的芭比娃娃主题的裙子，对于急救来说是不实用的。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Finland has been called ___36___ happiest country in the world, partly thanks to its great health care, free universities and clean air and water. And now there’s something else to make Finns smile: it has become the first country in the world ___37___ (allow) travelers to enter with a digital passport on their phone instead of a physical passport. The digital passport is only a test for now. The program started on August 28, 2023. It’s only available ___38___ Finnish citizens arriving at Helsinki Airport, and only on Finnair flights from three British cities: London, Edinburgh and Manchester. The Finnish Border Guard says the digital passport will allow for “smooth and fast border crossings (过境)” without risking ___39___ (secure). However, getting a digital passport ___40___ (be) a little complicated. Finnish citizens must first download the. FIN DTC Pilot app onto their phone. They must then ___41___ (formal) register with the police either at Helsinki Airport ___42___ at Vantaa Main Police Station’s license services center. When they register, citizens ___43___ (require) to bring their physical passport and have their photo ___44___ (take). But they will only need to do this once, after ___45___ they can use the digital passport as often as they like. 【答案】36. the 37. to allow 38. to 39. security 40. is 41. formally 42. or 43. are required 44. taken 45. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了芬兰成为世界上第一个允许旅行者使用数字护照入境的国家，并详细说明了数字护照的试点计划、使用条件以及申请流程。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：芬兰被称为世界上最幸福的国家，部分原因是其良好的医疗保健、免费的大学、清洁的空气和水。空后是形容词的最高级，前需加the修饰。故填the。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在又有一件事让芬兰人笑了：芬兰成为世界上第一个允许游客用手机上的数字护照而不是实体护照入境的国家。此处是固定搭配：the + 序数词 + 名词 + to do意为“第几个做某事的……”，allow用不定式形式作后置定语。故填to allow。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：这项服务只适用于抵达赫尔辛基机场的芬兰公民，以及从伦敦、爱丁堡和曼彻斯特这三个英国城市起飞的芬兰航空航班。此处是固定搭配：be available to意为“可用于”。故填to。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：芬兰边境警卫队表示，数字护照将允许“顺利、快速地过境”，而不会有安全风险。risk为及物动词，意为“使……冒风险”，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，所以空白处应填secure的名词形式security，表示“安全”。故填security。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，获得电子护照有点复杂。本句缺少谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为getting a digital passport，动名词作主语看作第三人称单数。故填is。 41题详解】 考查副词。句意：然后，他们必须在赫尔辛基机场或万塔警察局的执照服务中心向警方正式登记。空白处修饰其后动词register，所以此处应用formal的副词形式formally，表示“正式地”，作状语。故填formally。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们必须在赫尔辛基机场或万塔警察局的执照服务中心向警方正式登记。此处考查固定短语either…or…意为“或者……或者……”。故填or。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：当他们登记时，公民被要求携带他们的实体护照并拍照。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，require作主句谓语，和主句主语citizens之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，注意主谓一致。故填are required。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们登记时，公民被要求携带他们的实体护照并拍照。have sth. done为固定搭配，意为“使某事被做”，take用过去分词形式作宾补。故填taken。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但他们只需要这样做一次，之后他们就可以随心所欲地使用数字护照。空处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句整句话，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你校外教Mr Smith刚搬入新家，打算在客厅挂几幅中国画，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的建议；2. 说明理由。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Mr. Smith, I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in decorating your new home with traditional Chinese paintings. Here are my suggestions. Firstly, I suggest you choose a calligraphy painting. Calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese art, and it can represent the Chinese culture well. Secondly, a landscape painting would be a good choice. Landscape paintings often show the beauty of nature and the harmony between humans and nature, which is a key concept in Chinese philosophy. Lastly, you might consider a painting of a dragon or a phoenix. In Chinese culture, the dragon and phoenix symbolize good fortune and are often used in traditional decorations. I hope these suggestions are helpful. If you need more information, feel free to ask. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你校外教Mr Smith刚搬入新家，打算在客厅挂几幅中国画，他发来邮件询问你的建议，要求考生给他写一封邮件给出建议并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 建议：suggestion→advice 重要的：important→significant 展示：show→display 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese art, and it can represent the Chinese culture well. 拓展句：Calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese art, which can represent the Chinese culture well. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in decorating your new home with traditional Chinese paintings.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]Landscape paintings often show the beauty of nature and the harmony between humans and nature, which is a key concept in Chinese philosophy.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One summer Saturday when I was nine years old, my dad told my older sister and me that our uncle would be coming over to assist with the house repair. We knew that our cousin would most likely come along. After eagerly expecting their arrival for hours, we finally greeted them at the door with wide smiles. While our uncle and dad were busy with the construction work, we three took the bikes out of the garage (车库). We only had two bikes, so we decided to take turns riding the bikes. After one hour, we got bored of just riding the bikes around the neighborhood. We wanted to do something more entertaining with our bikes, so we all started thinking about other ideas of what we could do outside. That’s when my sister came up with an idea that sounded fun. She asked us, “Do you want to play the’ traffic light’ game?” We immediately agreed. My sister was quick to say she wanted to play as the traffic light and that my cousin and I were the ones that drove the bikes as cars. We agreed on the roles and got on our bikes and started pedaling. We had played a few rounds of the game and were feeling tired, so we decided to have our last round. When my cousin and I were pulling up to where my sister was standing and facing each other, my sister said “green light” to both of us. I decided to start pedaling at full speed towards my cousin because my route was going straight, and then I saw my cousin start pedaling towards me too. I had enough space to, pass. around her but for some reason my cousin’s bike got in my way and we ended up crashing. I flew off my bike and landed face first on the ground. I had scratches (擦伤) all over my knees and arms and what’s worse, there was a big cut on my face. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。 When the pain hit, tears streamed down my face uncontrollably. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon my sister and I heard hurried footsteps approaching. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When the pain hit, tears streamed down my face uncontrollably. My cousin quickly rushed to my side, apologizing repeatedly. My sister ran into the house to call for help. As I sat there on the ground, feeling the stinging sensation of the dirt in my cuts, I tried to be brave, but the tears wouldn’t stop. My dad and uncle stopped their work upon hearing the commotion and ran towards us. Seeing my condition, my dad swiftly picked me up and carried me inside, while my uncle checked on our cousin to ensure she was unhurt.   Soon my sister and I heard hurried footsteps approaching. It was my mom, who had returned from the store. Alarmed by my appearance, she gathered the first-aid kit and carefully cleaned my wounds, whispering soothing words to calm me down. My dad reassured me, “It will heal soon,” and my sister sat beside me, silently holding my hand. I realized then that despite the accident, the love and concern of my family made the pain more bearable. By the end of the day, I was feeling much better and was even able to smile as my family promised a safer game for our next adventure together.   【解析】 【导语】本文以家庭成员活动为线索，讲述九岁作者与姐弟在叔叔来修房时骑车玩耍，发明“红绿灯”游戏，却因意外碰撞导致作者受伤。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“当疼痛袭来时，眼泪无法控制地从我脸上流下来。”可知，第一段可描写作者受伤后，各个家人的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“不久，我和妹妹听到了急促的脚步声。”可知，第二段可描写脚步声的来源和作者的感悟。 2. 续写线索：因疼痛哭泣——表弟道歉——爸爸叔叔查看情况——妈妈赶回——处理伤口——安慰——感悟。 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①冲向：rush/dash ②抱起：pick one up/carry one in one’s arms ③安慰：reassure/comfort 情绪类 ①惊慌失措：alarmed/frightened ②关心：concern/solicitude 【点睛】[高分句型1]As I sat there on the ground, feeling the stinging sensation of the dirt in my cuts, I tried to be brave, but the tears wouldn’t stop.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句和现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]I realized then that despite the accident, the love and concern of my family made the pain more bearable.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二年级上学期第一次阶段性考试英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. How many students passed the exam? A. 10. B. 25. C. 40. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 3. Where are the speakers most probably? A. At a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. In a classroom. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their garden. B. Their decoration plan. C. Their dream flat. 5. What will Dan probably get as a birthday gift? A. Sports shoes. B. An e- dictionary. C. Tickets for Shanghai Disneyland. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man look pale? A. He has got a cold. B. He is a little airsick. C. He is afraid of heights. 7. What does the. woman advise the man to do? A. Chew some gum. B. Have a rest. C. Go to the doctor. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man working on? A. An advertisement. B. The software. C. Schoolwork. 9. What does the man think of the app suggested by the woman? A. It’s expensive. B. It’s useless. C. It’s inconvenient. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man say about the mushroom? A. It’s colorful. B. It’s unique. C. It’s interesting. 11. How many kinds of trees are growing in one square kilometer? A. About 350. B. About 400. C. About 750. 12. What will the man do next? A. Feed some birds. B. Intrøduce some birds. C. Photograph some birds. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where is the world’s oldest amusement park? A. In the US. B. In Denmark. C. In the UK. 14. What attracted visitors to the park at first? A. The local history. B. Its entertainment. C. Its natural spring. 15. What do we know about the park in the 17th century? A. It was destroyed. B. It was developed. C. It wasn’t open to the public. 16. What is the amusement park like today? A. It needs repairing. B. It is filled with fun rides. C. It is only available to entertainers. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the purpose of the talk? A. To announce changes of a race. B. To introduce a weekend event. C. To explain rules of a new sport. 18. When should runners arrive at the Town Hall? A. At 8:30. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:45. 19. What are the prizes for the winners? A. Money prizes. B. T- shirts. C. Running shoes. 20. What is the special price for the whole family? A. $1.50. B. $2. C. $5. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Weekend travel options There’s so much to do in Portugal that you might just fall short of time during your volunteering journey! Sintra — If you want to explore around, pick the fairvtale town of Sintra first because it feels full of mystery with its castles, palaces, and broad land among the trees. The shining Pena Palace is located at the top of the hill while the old wall of the Moorish Castle is a great. spot to look at the valley that will be below you. Cascais — This place has the laid-back (悠闲的) atmosphere of a relaxing seaside town which is only 45 minutes from Lisbon and the perfect escape on a hot summer day. Its old city center is decorated with patterned black and white stones like those in Lisbon, and its streets are line a with shops and restaurants. You can go further from here by renting bikes to Boca do Inferno, an attraction located on the seaside cliffs (悬崖) close to the Portuguese city of Caseais. Aveiro — Located on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean. Aveiro is an industrial city with an important seaport. Aveiro, also known as “the Portuguese Venice”, is actually a lot quieter than Venice and even more colorful. Some of Aveiro’s features are the painted boats and the exciting buildings. It’s actually very easy to reach Aveiro from Porto, whether via a drive, by train or by bus. Guimaraes — It is where Portugal’s origins began. Guimaraes Castle was home to Portugal’s first king, and home to many more structures in the Middle Ages. Because of the colorful streets, ancient churches and various natural landmarks, you will feel like you’re taking a walk from the past of Portugar to its present. Drop us an e-mail at traveldesk@volunteeringsolutions.com mentioning your choice of weekend adventures and we shall meet your needs. 1. What is the feature of the attractions in Sintra? A. Presenting a sense of mystery. B. Having shiny outward appearance. C. Bearing famous modern buildings. D. Providing various outdoor activities. 2. What do Cascais and Aveiro have in common? A. They both offer beautiful sea views. B. They both have convenient transportation. C. They both feature colorful buildings. D. They both focus on industrial development. 3. Where should you go if you are interested in Portugal’s early rulers life? A Sintra. B. Cascais. C. Aveiro. D. Guimaraes. B “Tell me your names and which year of graduate school you’re in,” the visiting speaker asked. My discomfort grew as everyone else gave their answers. When my turn came, I swallowed and said I was in my sixth year. “I think it is the student’s problem if she spends over 5 years finishing a PhD,” the speaker replied. His comment was the final shot. Right from the start of graduate school, I had been aware that the requirements of my department and my adviser might make my PhD take longer than average. Students need to publish two first-author papers to graduate and my adviser requires his students to take the lead in all experiments so we can have full ownership of our work and develop various scientific techniques. I was comfortable with taking longer to become an independent scientist. My adviser had some projects he wanted to handle and I chose one to work on, knowing I could draw on his expertise (专业知识) and gain support from lab mates. However, l investigated 10 different hypotheses (假说) — just to prove each a dead end. Each time the only choice was to make the next likely hypothesis and start over in a different direction. The lack of progress was wearing me down. Then came the speaker’s comment. I broke down and went to my adviser. He pointed out that over the past 6 years I had mastered many difficult techniques. My growing expertise was comparable with the very best. If I didn’t have the answer to my research question yet, it was because of the complexity of the answer, not because of personal shortcomings (不足之处). This viewpoint helped calm me. It helped me push forward with determination and perseverance. Under my adviser’s continued guidance and support, I hit on a hypothesis that worked out and I graduated finally. Looking back on my PhD life, I realized many graduate students were in the same boat as I was. I wish I could tell them what I came to learn: No one’s PhD journey is the same: all we need to do is stick to it. 4. What contributed to the author s longer-than-average PhD journey? A. The time-consuming project she’d worked on. B. Her lack of motivation to complete the research. C. Her poor grasp of scientific techniques and skills. D. The high standards set by the department and the adviser. 5. What can we learn about the author throughout the research process? A. She turned a deaf ear to others’ advice. B. She Lacked talent for scientific research. C. She met with many struggles and failures. D. She easily gave up when faced with challenges. 6. Which of the following words can best describe the author’s adviser? A. Unhelpful. B. Supportive. C. Thoughtful. D. Demanding. 7. What lesson can we draw from the author’s experience? A. All the roads lead to Rome. B. Well begun is half done. C. Slow and steady wins the race. D. Actions speak louder than words. C Susan Reiter has had a landline in her Enumclaw Wash home since 1978. The power goes out several times a year, usually caused by strong winds and other weather events. But the landline always works, she says, making it her best option if there’s an emergency and she needs to call 911. “There are people out in rural (农村的) America that need this service,” Reiter, 77, says. “Maybe it’s not a big number, but for those people it’s a safety issue.” The number of landline users has plummeted with the rise of cellphones, and the 19th-century technology’s days appear to be numbered. Providers like AT&T are looking to exit the business by transitioning customers to cellphones or home telephone service over broadband connections. But for many of the millions of people still relying on their copper-based (铜基的) landline telephones, other options are either unavailable, too expensive, or are unreliable when it matters most. The copper lines used for traditional landlines carry electricity over the wires, so as long as a phone is charged it will work during a power outage (停电). Landlines are separate from cellular (蜂窝状的) and broadband networks and are not affected by their outages, making them a necessary backstop (备用方案) in rural areas. AT&T recently announced its intention to end landline service to parts of the state. “We spend more than a billion dollars a year in California maintaining our network and services that are used by 5 percent of households today and this is rapidly declining,” said Susan Johnson, AT&T’s head of wireline transformation. “That’s like cooling an entire high-rise building in the heat of the summer with people only living on one floor.” Despite the announcement, AT&T says it is not cutting off copper landline customers at this time, and people can still sign up for a new landline. However, like other landline companies, it is hoping to transition those customers to other newer options. 8. What do the words of Susan Reiter in paragraph 1 mainly show? A. The significance of landlines to US rural people. B. The impact of bad weather on rural communication. C. The problems with US rural communication services. D. The preference for landlines over mobile phones among the elderly. 9. What does me underlined word “plummeted” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Increased sharply. B. Rose slightly. C. Remained stable. D. Dropped suddenly. 10. What is an obvious advantage of landlines in rural areas? A. They are cheaper than other newer options. B. They are widely accessible to rural people. C. They are simple enough for rural people to operate. D. They are still available during cellular network outages. 11. What is the main reason for AT&T to end its landline service? A. The great number of ageing landline users. B. The high maintenance costs of landlines. C. The poor performance of landlines in emergencies. D. The great advantages of newer communication options. D Much like their human owners, dogs have a problem of obesity (肥胖). One recent study of British dogs found that one in 14 is too fat, putting them at higher risk of conditions like arthritis, shortening their lifespan (寿命) and making walks more of a drag. Certain breeds. like Labradors, are more likely to gain weight. The study, led by Eleanor Raffan, a professor at the University of Cambridge, focused on a gene known as POMC, which is found in humans as well as dogs. In a previous study, published in 2016, Dr Raffan and her colleagues found that obese Labradors were much more likely than slimmer dogs to be missing a small section of DNA in the gene, a so-called deletion mutation (缺失突变). In the latest study the researchers set out to identify how this mutation might cause them to gain weight. Their first finding rested on the results of a “sausage-in-a-box test” Experimenters recorded the Labs’ reaction to a meaty treat that they could see and smell, but couldn’t eat. On average, dogs with the POMC mutation spent almost twice as long looking at, or — for whatever reason — playing with, the box as those without. In another experiment the dogs were encouraged to sleep in a laboratory, where the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide breathed in and out was measured. From this, the scientists found that dogs with the POMC mutation burned 25% fewer calories at rest than those without, indicating that the hungry dogs may need to stick to a particularly light diet in order to stay slim. Additionally, the authors identified a protein affected by the mutation in the Labs. Scientists investigating the effects of genes typically study mice but this protein is not present in mice. Given the fact that many people with the rare mutation become obese as children, it is likely that this overlooked protein is also relevant to weight control in humans. However, there are also many healthy, happy Labradors who have the POMC mutation, adds Dr Raffan. “So for now, owners looking to keep their pets in shape will just need to hide the treats and resist those pleading (恳求的), puppy-dog eyes.” 12. What did the latest study try to find out? A. The causes of the POMC mutation in Labradors. B. The effects of the POMC mutation on dogs’ health. C. The role of the POMC mutation in Labradors’ obesity. D. The solution to the obesity caused by the POMC mutation. 13. What can we learn about the POMC mutation from paragraph 3? A. It increased the dogs’ desire for food. B. It made the dogs enjoy their food more. C. It changed the dogs dietary preferences. D. It enabled the dogs to eat more at one time. 14. What can be inferred about the study from the last but one paragraph? A. It confirms the gene source of human obesity. B. It may contribute to human weight management. C. It can explain why it is not easy for humans to keep fit. D It denies previous findings on the effects of the POMC mutation. 15. What should pet owners do according to Dr Raffan? A. Provide a balanced diet. B. Increase their pets’ physical activity. C. Try to control their pets’ food intake. D. Select dogs without the mutation as pets. 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The environment has never been more in need of a helping hand from us. It’s important that we all do our bit to help the environment. Schools, in particular, are in a great position to educate future generations and make sure that good environmental habits are learned and adopted from an early age. ____16____ Turn off the lights and fit energy-efficient lights. Saving energy used for lighting is one of the easiest things that we can do. ____17____ Turn off lights when they’re not needed. Signage (标志) asking people to turn off the lights can act as a useful reminder. Go paperless! The world is becoming ever more digital, with paper now being seen as outdated (过时的) in many cases. ____18____ However, it sometimes needs people to change how they do things. Think twice before printing or photocopying all those A4 pages, for example. Reject plastic water bottles It is easy for everyone to make a difference to the environment with very little effort. ____19____ One effective change is to stop buying water bottles that are only used once and then recycled. Instead, reuse existing bottles and containers. This small change not only reduces waste but also helps to protect our environment in the long run. ____20____ Sending waste to landfills (垃圾填埋场) isn’t the best use of the world’s resources. Besides, the space available for landfills is rapidly running out. Instead, promote recycling by providing proper and appealing facilities with clear signage. This is the key to preventing pollution of different waste streams. A. Get everyone included in it. B. Encourage and enable recycling. C. This is good news for the environment. D. Try to use natural light as much as possible. E. Here are some tips to make your school more eco-friendly. F. By making a simple change in our daily habits, we can have a healthier campus. G. Carrying out recycling programs throughout the campus can reduce waste. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mia Soviero wasn’t sure if she should continue her EMT certification (紧急医疗救护技术员证书). However, after leaving the theater with her mom, something happened that completely removed her ____21____. Mia was able to ____22____ to herself that she could keep a clear ____23____ in a dangerous situation. She ____24____ saved a life that night. When she ____25____ a huge accident on the road, she leaped into action to rescue a young woman from one of the cars. She put her paramedic (护理人员) training to ____26____ while still wearing her Barbie-themed dress. “We were driving home when right in front of us a car ____27____ a vehicle that had been parked on the side of the road,” she said. Cars ____28____ to speed down the highway, doing their best to drive around the accident. However, Mia was certain that it was only a matter of time before vehicles started to ____29____. She needed to get the driver out of there and fast! Mia got her mom to pull over and then ran into the scene without hesitation. ____30____, the 20-year-old in the crashed vehicle wasn’t too hurt. After introducing herself as a(n) ____31____ EMT, Mia helped the young woman over to the backseat of her mom’s ____32____ car. It wasn’t a moment too soon, either — just as the heroic student had ____33____, another vehicle ____34____ the accident. Then another. Mia believes she might not have continued her EMT training if it hadn’t been for the night she used her paramedic skills while wearing a(n) ____35____ dress for the occasion. 21. A. doubts B. regrets C. worries D. hopes 22. A. admit B. whisper C. describe D. prove 23. A. view B. head C. record D. distance 24. A. actually B. probably C. immediately D. directly 25. A. prevented B. survived C. saw D. caused 26. A. rest B. use C. check D. test 27 A. kept away from B. caught up with C. ran over D. crashed into 28. A. failed B. refused C. continued D. stopped 29. A. pile up B. drive away C. speed up D. slow down 30. A. Naturally B. Normally C. Unsurprisingly D. Thankfully 31. A. professional B. future C. experienced D. excellent 32. A. rented B. borrowed C. parked D. damaged 33. A. feared B. warned C. expected D. predicted 34. A. ignored B. avoided C. spotted D. joined 35. A. formal B. expensive C. impractical D. traditional 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Finland has been called ___36___ happiest country in the world, partly thanks to its great health care, free universities and clean air and water. And now there’s something else to make Finns smile: it has become the first country in the world ___37___ (allow) travelers to enter with a digital passport on their phone instead of a physical passport. The digital passport is only a test for now. The program started on August 28, 2023. It’s only available ___38___ Finnish citizens arriving at Helsinki Airport, and only on Finnair flights from three British cities: London, Edinburgh and Manchester. The Finnish Border Guard says the digital passport will allow for “smooth and fast border crossings (过境)” without risking ___39___ (secure). However, getting a digital passport ___40___ (be) a little complicated. Finnish citizens must first download the. FIN DTC Pilot app onto their phone. They must then ___41___ (formal) register with the police either at Helsinki Airport ___42___ at Vantaa Main Police Station’s license services center. When they register, citizens ___43___ (require) to bring their physical passport and have their photo ___44___ (take). But they will only need to do this once, after ___45___ they can use the digital passport as often as they like. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。你校外教Mr Smith刚搬入新家，打算在客厅挂几幅中国画，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的建议；2. 说明理由。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 One summer Saturday when I was nine years old, my dad told my older sister and me that our uncle would be coming over to assist with the house repair. We knew that our cousin would most likely come along. After eagerly expecting their arrival for hours, we finally greeted them at the door with wide smiles. While our uncle and dad were busy with the construction work, we three took the bikes out of the garage (车库). We only had two bikes, so we decided to take turns riding the bikes. After one hour, we got bored of just riding the bikes around the neighborhood. We wanted to do something more entertaining with our bikes, so we all started thinking about other ideas of what we could do outside. That’s when my sister came up with an idea that sounded fun. She asked us, “Do you want to play the’ traffic light’ game?” We immediately agreed. My sister was quick to say she wanted to play as the traffic light and that my cousin and I were the ones that drove the bikes as cars. We agreed on the roles and got on our bikes and started pedaling. We had played a few rounds of the game and were feeling tired, so we decided to have our last round. When my cousin and I were pulling up to where my sister was standing and facing each other, my sister said “green light” to both of us. I decided to start pedaling at full speed towards my cousin because my route was going straight, and then I saw my cousin start pedaling towards me too. I had enough space to, pass. around her but for some reason my cousin’s bike got in my way and we ended up crashing. I flew off my bike and landed face first on the ground. I had scratches (擦伤) all over my knees and arms and what’s worse, there was a big cut on my face. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。 When the pain hit, tears streamed down my face uncontrollably. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon my sister and I heard hurried footsteps approaching. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$