Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单词练习-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

必修一UNIT4词汇练习 一． 构词小练习 1. n.灾难;灾害→ adj.灾难性的 2. n.& vt.营救;救援→ n.救援者 3. vt.摧毁;毁灭→ n.摧毁;毁灭 4. vi.& vt.死→ n.死;死亡→ adj.死的→ adj.致命的 5. vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→ n.喜爱 6. n. 避难处 vt.保护 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)→ adj.有遮蔽物的 7. n.& vt.破坏;毁坏→ adj.毁坏的;严重受损的→ n.遗迹;遗址;废墟 8. n.震惊 vt.(使)震惊→ adj.令人震惊的→ adj.震惊的 9. n. 电;电能 → adj. 电的;用电的;电动的→ adj. 电的;用电的→ adj.电子的 10. vi. & vt.呼吸 → vi. & vt.呼吸→ adj.气喘吁吁的 11. n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力→ adj.不费力的；容易的 12. adj.充满智慧的;明智的→ n.智慧;才智 13. rt. 遭受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ n. 患病者;受苦者→ n.疼痛; 14. n.火山→ adj. 火山的 15. vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ n.爆发 16. vi.生存 vt.幸存→ n.幸存者;生还者→ n.生存;幸存 17. n.电力供应;能量→ adj.强有力的;有影响力的→ adj. 无影响的 18. adj. 镇静的 vt.使平静→ adv. 镇定地;平静地→ n. 平静;镇静 19. vt.& vi.递送;传送→ n.递送;传送;分娩 20. n.总结;概括;概要→ vt.& vi. 总结;概括 21. n.影响;结果;效果→ adj.有效的→ adv.有效地 22. adj.长的→ n.长;长度→ vt.加长;(使)变长 Ⅱ熟词生义(根据句子语境选择画线单词的含义) 1. The play's first night was a total disaster. a.灾难 b.彻底失败的事 2. Letters of congratula tion flooded in when she won the Olympic gold medal. a.大量涌入 b.淹没 3. Alice was not willing to attend the party, so she affected illness. a.影响 b.假装 4. Solar panels trap energy from the sun. a.收集 b.使落入险境 5. Mary was buried in her homework, and didn't notice her brother coming in. a.埋葬 b.使陷入 6. His school work is suffering because of his health problem. a.变差 b.遭受 7. Mr. Green survived his wife and died at the age of 98. a.生存 b.比……活的时间长 8. His business crashed last year as a result of poor management. a.倒闭 b.碰撞 9. The news that she had won a gold medal swept quickly in our town. a.打扫 b.迅速传播 10. How does the idea strike you, Anna? a.侵袭 b.让(某人)觉得 11. Mr. Yang has promised to help me, and I am sure that he will deliver. a.履行诺言 b.递送 12.“ What on earth do you want to do?” he erupted. a.(火山)爆发 b.突然发出(尤指叫喊) Ⅲ语篇小练习——生词串记(根据译文补全段落中所缺词语) 1.近些年来，地震、洪水、干旱、滑坡、龙卷风和海啸等自然灾害在世界各地发生。它们造成了人身伤害、死亡或给人们财产造成巨大损失。 In recent years, natural ① , such as earthquakes,② , droughts, landslides, tornadoes and tsunamis, have happened all over the world. They have caused human injuries, ③ or great④ to people's property. 2.火山爆发的威力很大。它会毁坏农场，破坏房屋，极大地影响着人们的生活。救援队经常被组织起来，以帮助那些陷入困境的人，并把他们带到避难所去。 The ① __ has great power. It can damage farms and ② __ houses, ③ people’s life greatly. ④ teams are often organized to help those in trouble and take them to the⑤ . 3.我们城市发生了一场大地震，每个人都处于震惊中。不到半分钟，整个城市成为一片废墟。似乎世界末日即将来临。超过百分之八十的砖房倒塌了。许多人被困或被埋在地下，等待救援。即使是那些幸运的人也遭受了很多痛苦。水、食物、煤气和电都很难得到。我们该怎么办? A powerful earthquake happened in our city and everyone was ① . Within half a minute, the whole city lay ② . It seemed ③ the world were coming to an end. More than 80 percent of the houses made of ④ fell down. Many people were⑤ or ⑥ under the ground, waiting for the rescue. Even those lucky people⑦ a lot. Water, food, gas, and ⑧ _ were hard to get. What should we do? 4.地震发生后不久，包括三千名士兵在内的许多人前来救援。多亏了他们的共同努力和智慧，整个城市开始恢复生机，获得新生。 5.Shortly after the earthquake, many people, including three thousand soldiers, came to their rescue. Thanks to their unified ① and ② , the whole city began to ③ and revived itself. 5.上周，一场猛烈的飓风袭击了我国的许多地方，造成了大洪水。我们家里的许多东西都被冲走了。幸运的是，全家人都存活下来。然而，我们手头什么都没有。由于这次灾难，电力供应被切断了。由于房子被毁了，我们不得不待在户外。现在，我们的生活正在恢复正常。 Last week, a violent hurricane ① many parts of our country. It caused big floods. Many things in our house ② . Fortunately, the whole family ③ . However, we had nothing ④ . The power ⑤ was cut off because of the disaster. With our house damaged, we had to stay ⑥ . Now, our life is returning to normal. 6.这个岛上的活火山经常爆发。台风通常在7月和8月袭击它。由台风引起的巨浪冲击着海滩。大多数岛民都习惯了它们，也不害怕它们。救援物资由政府运送到这个岛上。 Active ① often ② on this island. Typhoons usually ③ it in July and August. The great ④ caused by typhoons ⑤ against the beach. Most islanders are used to them and are not frightened of them. Relief supplies ⑥ to the island by the government. 3.总之，在紧急情况下，人们应该保持冷静。专家们表示，自然灾害的破坏影响取决于它的强度和时间长短。 7. In ① , people should remain ② in a(n)③ . Experts say the damage④ of a natural disaster depends on its strength and ⑤ 答案速查 Ⅰ 1. disaster, disastrous 2. rescue, rescuer 3. destroy, destruction 4. die, death, dead, deadly 5. affect, affection 6. shelter, sheltered 7. ruin, ruined, ruins 8. shock, shocking, shocked 9. electricity, electric, electrical, electronic 10. breath, breathe, breathless 11. effort, effortless 12. wise, wisdom 13. suffer, sufferer, suffering 14. volcano, volcanic 15. erupt, eruption 16. survive, survivor, survival 17. power, powerful , powerless 18. calm, calmly, calmness 19. deliver, delivery 20. summary, summarize 21. effect, effective, effectively 22. long, length, lengthen Ⅱ 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. b 6. a 7. b 8. a 9. b 10. b 11. a 12. b Ⅲ 1.① disasters ② floods ③ deaths ④ damage 2. ①volcanic eruption ② destroy ③ affecting ④Rescue ⑤shelters 3.①in shock ② in ruins ③ as if ( ④bricks ⑤trapped ( ⑥buried ⑦ suffered ⑧electricity 4.①efforts ② wisdom ③breathe 5.① struck ② were s wept away ③ survived ④on hand ⑤supply ⑥ in the open air 6.①volcanoes/ volcanos ②erupt ③strike ④waves ⑤crash ⑥are delivered 7.①summary ②calm ③emergency ④effect ⑤length 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$